caribsave: a sectoral approach to vulnerability and resilience. st lucia workshop

Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin

CARIBSAVE: A SECTORAL APPROACH TO VULNERABILITY AND RESILIENCEA SECTORAL APPROACH TO VULNERABILITY AND RESILIENCE

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONCARIBSAVE Stakeholders Workshop

2 November 20092 November 2009Bay Gardens Inn, St Lucia

Dr. MURRAY C. SIMPSONCo-Director and CEO CARIBSAVE Partnership

Senior Research Associate

Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management

Senior Research Associate, Oxford University Centre for the Environment


The Presentation

• Geographic Scope of CARIBSAVE• Geographic Scope of CARIBSAVE• Vulnerability Hotspots, Impacts and

Key Issues Key Issues • Impacts for Economic Development• Tourism the Contributor• Tourism the Contributor• The CARIBSAVE Partnership• CARIBSAVE Objectives • CARIBSAVE Objectives • The Path to Solutions



ACS & CTO = Geographic scope of CARIBSAVE



Caribbean – Major Tourism Vulnerability ‘Hotspot’Caribbean Major Tourism Vulnerability Hotspot

Hotspot


Regional Knowledge Gaps

Protecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean BasinSECTORAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUSTAINABLE DESTINATIONS & CLIMATE CHANGE

Agric lt re

Water Transport

S t i bl

Agriculture Climate

SustainableCaribbean Tourism

InfrastructureEconomic

Development Tourism Destinations

Natural Waste

Health

Resources

Energy

Waste Management

Security

Caribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods: Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management Simpson et al 2008a

Energy Security


Key Issues

Supply Destination / Physical Impacts• Supply – Destination / Physical Impacts• Demand – Mitigation Policies • Livelihoods – Economic Development - GDP• Livelihoods – Economic Development - GDP• Tourism Dependence • Vulnerability (‘Hot Spot’)• Vulnerability ( Hot Spot )• Knowledge Gap• Sectoral ImpactsSectoral Impacts• Fragmented – work, geography, governance• Capacity and Data


p y


Major Impacts: Climate Change on Caribbean Tourism SectorMajor Impacts: Climate Change on Caribbean Tourism Sector• Crucial interdependence: Tourism and Climate… • - national economy, livelihoods, development, environment

Gradual and Extreme• Gradual and Extreme• Regulatory policy, voluntary initiatives and costs

• Coastal Emphasis• Coastal Emphasis• Air temperature and Sea Surface temperature• Sea level rise • Coastal erosion• Coastal erosion• Changes in levels of precipitation• Extreme events: increase in intensity and frequency, • - e.g. drought, flood, storm surge, (hurricane)e.g. drought, flood, storm surge, (hurricane)• Seasonality shifts• Biodiversity Loss and Change / Loss of Destination Aesthetics• Infrastructure and settlement destruction


• Water Salinisation, Agricultural losses



©Dubois


IMPACTS FORECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT



More Information - More Destruction?More Information - More Destruction?• 4 Billion – add. people suffer from water shortages(2C)

• 40% - of Earth’s species threatened (2C)

• $22 Billion – inaction cost to Caribbean (tourism revenue, infrastructure, hurricane)( , , )

• $125 Billion+ annual cost to world economy

• 40% - weather related disasters caused by climate h


change


Economic Risks of Climate Change‘Our actions over the coming few decades could create risks of‘Our actions over the coming few decades could create risks of major disruption to economic and social activity, later in this century and in the next, on a scale similar to those associated with the great wars and the economicto those associated with the great wars and the economic depression of the first half of the 20th century.’

‘Climate change is the greatest challenge facing humanity t th t t f th 21st t F il t t thiat the start of the 21st century. Failure to meet this

challenge raises the spectre of unprecedented reversals in human development.’



TOURISM ‘THE CONTRIBUTOR’



Emissions from global tourism, 2005g ,Sub-Sectors CO2 (Mt)

Air transport * 522 40% TransportationCar transport 418 32%

Other transport 39 3%

Accommodation 274 21%

pof Tourists = 75%of Sector Emissions

Accommodation 274 21%

Activities 52 4%

TOTAL 1,307

Total World (IPCC 2007)

26,400

To ism Tourism Contribution 4.95% * does not include non-CO2

emissions and other impacts



If Tourism was a Country

Rank CountryPercentage of

total emissions

(2005)

dwas a Country

China now top…

1 United States 22.2 %

2 China 18.4 %

- European Union 11.4 %China now top…3 Russia 5.6 %

4 India 4.9 %- Global Tourism Sector 5.0%

5 Japan 4.6 %

6 Germany 3.0 %

7 Canada 2.3 %7 Canada 2.3 %

8 United Kingdom 2.2 %

9 South Korea 1.7 %

10 It l 1 7 %


10 Italy 1.7 %


Emissions from global tourism, 2005 & 2035

2500

3000

3500

Air Transport

1500

2000

2500

Mt C

O2

Air TransportCar TransportOther TransportA d ti

500

1000

1500M AccommodationActivities

0

2005 2035



THE CARIBSAVE PARTNERSHIPTHE CARIBSAVE PARTNERSHIP



Caribbean Community Climate Change CentreUniversity of Oxford Association of Caribbean StatesCaribbean Tourism OrganizationCaribbean Tourism Organization

• Multi-Sector• Multi Objective• Multi-Objective• Multi- Donor• USD $35 MillionUSD $35 Million• Links and Compliments ACS – STZC• Long-Term Approach Established - Whole

R iRegion• PRACTICAL STRATEGIES• Inclusive and Critical Mass


• Inclusive and Critical Mass


Regional & International Organizations

International Development Organizations and NGOs

e.g. ACS, CTO, CDERA, UNEP, UNWTO, UNDP,

WMO, UNECLAC, CANARI, IIED, CIMH, CHTA,

CARICOM, CAST, OECS,

e.g. FCO, DFID, WWF, Travel Foundation ,

DANIDA, SITHSONIAN, WORLD BANK, IADB, CIDA,

GTZ, SNV, Buccoo Reef Trust

CENTRAL ACTIONGROUP

ACS, CTO, CCCCC, OXFORD UNIVERSITY + REPRESENTATIVES OF

PARTNER ACTION GROUPSGROUPS

e.g. All Partner Countries and e.g. CCAA, VIRGIN,

SANDALS Oil Companies

e.g. UWI, TUFTS, UW, Leon, UMA, UNA, Limoge, W.

Norway Maastricht


SANDALS, Oil Companies, Green Globe, Scotia Bank

Norway, Maastricht, Carolina, Lund,

Partner Countries and Private Sector

Academic & Research Institutes


Summary : CARIBSAVE Climate Change Analysis, Strategy Development, Implementation & Monitoring; component example



• CARIBSAVE WILL: In the face of climate change,

...strengthen, protect and enhance the g , plivelihoods, environments and economies of Caribbean nations, communities and sectoral stakeholderscommunities and sectoral stakeholders....who rely directly and indirectly on the Caribbean tourism industry, and to strengthen, protect and enhance the natural and built assets, and sectors on which the industry is basedwhich the industry is based

• The CARIBSAVE Partnership has Seven (7) Principal • The CARIBSAVE Partnership has Seven (7) Principal Objectives ...



CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES

1 T f ll d l d l 1. To successfully model and analyse the changes in climate as they will ff t t i d l t d t i affect tourism and related sectors in

the Caribbean Basin on a regional, ti l d d ti ti l lnational and destinational scale.



CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES

2 T d fil th 2. To assess and profile the vulnerability, resilience and d ti it f t i d adaptive capacity of tourism and

related sectors to climate change in ti d d ti ti d t nations and destinations; and to

provide a Risk Atlas of nations across th C ibb B i the Caribbean Basin.



CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES3 T d l t th i t f 3. To measure and evaluate the impacts of

climate change on tourism and livelihoods on a sectoral basis including:a sectoral basis including:– Water; – Energygy– Agriculture, – Human Health;

Bi di it– Biodiversity,– Infrastructure– Comprehensive Disaster Management


Comprehensive Disaster Management


CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES4 T i f d d l ti l d 4. To inform and develop national and

regional policy by conducting socio-economic analyses of the costs and riskseconomic analyses of the costs and risksof climate change adaptation and mitigation in the Caribbean tourism sector.



CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES5 T d l i l t d it 5. To develop, implement and monitor

practical adaptation and mitigation strategies and policies for tourism and strategies and policies for tourism and related sectors identified in Objective 3; i.e. implement cross-ministerial policies and p pcommunity-based adaptation strategies to enable governments and communities to ff ti l dd th h ll f li t effectively address the challenges of climate

change.



CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES6 T t th t iti f th C ibb 6. To support the transition of the Caribbean

region’s tourism sector to a low carbon economy and to create the world’s first economy and to create the world s first ‘Carbon Neutral’ tourism region.



CARIBSAVE OBJECTIVES7 T b ild it d t f kill 7. To build capacity and transfer skills

through the design and implementation of sectoral based initiatives and seminars sectoral based initiatives and seminars including community outreach, institutional strengthening and private g g psector engagement.



FundingFundingBUDGET $35 Million (Initial approx 5 Years)

Seed Funding Stage (1 & 1a)1. UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO)2. Caribbean Tourism Organization (CTO2. Caribbean Tourism Organization (CTO3. UK Department for International Development (DFID)4. World Bank5 IDB 5. IDB

Second Phase – Commence: Risk Atlas, Most VulnerableCa bon Ne t alit Ene g EfficiencCarbon Neutrality, Energy Efficiency

DFID, FCO, CTO, WB, IDB, HNWIs +++



Phase 1 and 1a:Phase 1 and 1a: Pilots and Copenhagen

• Eleuthera, The Bahamas• Montego Bay, JamaicaMontego Bay, Jamaica• Negril, Jamaica• Western Barbados Barbados• Western Barbados, Barbados• Rodney Bay/Pigeon Causeway

and Soufiere St Lucia and Soufiere, St Lucia


CARIBSAVE CC Analysis, Strategy Development, Implementation & Monitoring; component example




Phase 2; Country Profiles• The Bahamas• The Bahamas• Jamaica• Barbados• Barbados• St Lucia• Dominican Republic• Dominican Republic• Anguilla • St Kitts• St Kitts• Grenada• Suriname


• Suriname

MITIGATIONProtecting and enhancing the livelihoods, environments and economies of the Caribbean Basin

Summary : CARIBSAVE Climate Change Analysis, Strategy Development, Implementation & Monitoring; component example

MITIGATION SPIRAL



ACTION NOWACTION – NOW Interdisciplinary Approach – Unique and Innovative

• Collaborative Work – destinational, local, national and regional • Cross-Ministerial – multi-stakeholders• Climate ScienceClimate Science• Physical Impacts and Vulnerability• Tourism & Related Sector Impacts & Vulnerability• Stakeholder Socio-Economic Livelihood and Gender Impacts • Stakeholder, Socio-Economic, Livelihood and Gender Impacts

and Vulnerabilities• Government Policies, Practical Strategies, Community-based

Adaptation, Implementation, M&E,Adaptation, Implementation, M&E,

Water – Energy – Agriculture – Health – Biodiversity Infrastructure – Comprehensive Disaster Management


p g


• Cross sectoral Inter ministerial • Cross-sectoral - Inter-ministerial, • Regional and International • Cooperation and Collaboration is required• Cooperation and Collaboration is required

(Actually it’s Essential!!!)



‘F I O ti i t‘For me, I am an Optimist…for there seems little point in anything else’Winston Churchill

THANK YOUTHANK YOUWWW.CARIBSAVE.ORG

i @ kCaribbean Climate Change, Tourism & Livelihoods:

Water, Energy, Agriculture, Health, Biodiversity, Infrastructure and Settlement, Comprehensive Disaster Management

[email protected]

www.geog.ox.ac.uk/news/events/ccamts/ccamts.pdf