Careers in Science and Careers in Science and EngineeringEngineering

OROR

Everything you might never hear about Everything you might never hear about cool science careers that we want you cool science careers that we want you

to know!to know!

Part IIPart II

Developed by Developed by Emily Dunkel, Mark HartmanEmily Dunkel, Mark Hartman

GK-12 Fellows: Harvard University & CRLSGK-12 Fellows: Harvard University & CRLSSponsored bySponsored by

National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation

EngineeringEngineering• Last time, we discussed science Last time, we discussed science

jobs…. now we will learn about jobs…. now we will learn about Engineers!Engineers!

• Engineers are applied scientists. Engineers are applied scientists. – They apply scientific knowledge to They apply scientific knowledge to

practical problems.practical problems.

• Engineering is the second largest Engineering is the second largest profession in America (teaching is profession in America (teaching is the first).the first).– 1,400,000 engineers1,400,000 engineers– 500,000 medical doctors500,000 medical doctors– 100,000 biologists100,000 biologists

EngineeringEngineering

• ““Scientists discover the world that Scientists discover the world that exists; engineers create the world exists; engineers create the world that never was.”that never was.”– Theodore Von Karman (aerospace Theodore Von Karman (aerospace

engineer)engineer)

• Engineers turn scientific discoveries Engineers turn scientific discoveries into useful products.into useful products.

EngineersEngineers

• Engineers….Engineers….– are creative and analytical are creative and analytical – enjoy problem solving enjoy problem solving – are interested in cutting edge technologyare interested in cutting edge technology

• Engineers make new things and make Engineers make new things and make old things better.old things better.

EngineeringEngineering• Engineering jobs require varying levels of Engineering jobs require varying levels of

education.education.

• Engineering Technician: Engineering Technician: – Associate Degree (2-year degree)Associate Degree (2-year degree)– average salary: $28,000-$47,000 per yearaverage salary: $28,000-$47,000 per year

• Engineering: Engineering: – BS College Degree (Bachelor of Science)BS College Degree (Bachelor of Science)– $42,000-75,000$42,000-75,000

• Research and Development Engineer:Research and Development Engineer:– PhD degree (Doctor of Philosophy)PhD degree (Doctor of Philosophy)– $75,000+ $75,000+

Engineering TechniciansEngineering Technicians• assist engineers and assist engineers and

scientistsscientists

• Compared to engineers, their Compared to engineers, their work is….work is….– more practical more practical – less theoreticalless theoretical– narrower in scopenarrower in scope

• 43% of technicians work in 43% of technicians work in electronics electronics

Education for Engineering Education for Engineering Technician JobsTechnician Jobs

• High School Preparation:High School Preparation:– science, math, computer coursesscience, math, computer courses

• Beyond High School:Beyond High School:– 2 year degree in engineering technology2 year degree in engineering technology– or Military trainingor Military training

www.collegeview.com/careerwww.collegeview.com/career

EngineersEngineers• BS Engineering DegreeBS Engineering Degree

– RequiredRequired– Takes 4-5 years Takes 4-5 years

• Masters Degree Masters Degree – Increases job opportunitiesIncreases job opportunities– Takes 1-2 yearsTakes 1-2 years

• PhD PhD – Required for jobs in research and Required for jobs in research and

development, and professorshipsdevelopment, and professorships– Takes 5 or more yearsTakes 5 or more years– PhD students typically get paid to go to PhD students typically get paid to go to

schoolschool

What is a College Degree What is a College Degree Worth?Worth?

(from cnn.com 2/04)(from cnn.com 2/04)• Major Major – Computer EngineeringComputer Engineering– Chemical EngineeringChemical Engineering– Electrical EngineeringElectrical Engineering– Mechanical EngineeringMechanical Engineering– Computer ScienceComputer Science– Industrial EngineerIndustrial Engineer– AccountingAccounting– Civil EngineerCivil Engineer– Economics / FinanceEconomics / Finance– Business AdministrationBusiness Administration– NursingNursing– MarketingMarketing– Liberal Arts Majors (as a Liberal Arts Majors (as a

group)group)

• STARTING salarySTARTING salary– $53,000$53,000– $53,000$53,000– $50,000$50,000– $49,000$49,000– $49,000$49,000– $48,000$48,000– $42,000$42,000– $41,000$41,000– $41,000$41,000– $37,000$37,000– $37,000$37,000– $36,000$36,000– $30,000$30,000

Engineering FieldsEngineering Fields

• The field of engineering offers more The field of engineering offers more options than any other discipline!options than any other discipline!

• Each type of engineering field needs: Each type of engineering field needs: – technicians technicians – engineersengineers– research and development engineersresearch and development engineers

Mechanical / AerospaceMechanical / Aerospace• Mechanical and Aerospace Mechanical and Aerospace

Engineers design and develop Engineers design and develop machinesmachines

• Mechanical Engineers: Mechanical Engineers: – air conditioning and air conditioning and

refrigerationrefrigeration– automotivesautomotives– roboticsrobotics

• Aerospace Engineers: Aerospace Engineers: – commercial airplanescommercial airplanes– fighter jetsfighter jets– space telescopesspace telescopes

Civil / Architectural Civil / Architectural EngineersEngineers

• Civil Engineering is one of Civil Engineering is one of the largest branches in the largest branches in engineeringengineering– bridgesbridges– damsdams– roads roads

• Architectural Engineers Architectural Engineers work alongside Architectswork alongside Architects– building structurebuilding structure– ventilationventilation– lightinglighting

Chemical / EnvironmentalChemical / Environmental• Chemical Engineers turn Chemical Engineers turn

raw materials into raw materials into productsproducts– pharmaceuticalspharmaceuticals– petroleumpetroleum– plasticsplastics– make-upmake-up

• Environmental Engineers Environmental Engineers prevent and fix prevent and fix environmental problemsenvironmental problems– reduce air pollution reduce air pollution – reduce use of pesticidesreduce use of pesticides

Electrical / ComputerElectrical / Computer• Electrical engineers move Electrical engineers move

information from place to information from place to place place – cellphonescellphones– satellite transmissionssatellite transmissions– televisiontelevision

• Computer engineers deal Computer engineers deal with design and operation of with design and operation of computer systems computer systems – networks networks – softwaresoftware– hardwarehardware

Bio / BiomedicalBio / Biomedical• A relatively new field of A relatively new field of

engineeringengineering

• Bioengineers bring Bioengineers bring engineering into the fields engineering into the fields of biology and medicineof biology and medicine– medical instrumentsmedical instruments– artificial organsartificial organs– prosthetic devicesprosthetic devices

Industrial / ManagementIndustrial / Management

• Industrial Engineers make the Industrial Engineers make the production process work production process work more safely and economicallymore safely and economically

• Engineering Managers Engineering Managers administer large engineering administer large engineering projects and budgetsprojects and budgets

www.engineeringk12.orgwww.engineeringk12.org

EngineeringEngineering

•There is a lot of crossover between There is a lot of crossover between the different fields.the different fields.

•There are many options in There are many options in engineering.engineering.

•Who knows what new and exciting Who knows what new and exciting subfields will develop!subfields will develop!

If you forget everything else, If you forget everything else, remember this!remember this!

• The skills you develop in science classes The skills you develop in science classes are VERY widely applicable and valuable.are VERY widely applicable and valuable.

• Satisfying, well-paying jobs in science and Satisfying, well-paying jobs in science and engineering are available at ALL levels of engineering are available at ALL levels of education.education.

• Attempting higher degrees opens many Attempting higher degrees opens many more doors for interesting jobs and higher more doors for interesting jobs and higher pay.pay.

If you don’t do it, who will be the engineers and scientists in the future?