cardiovascular system:the blood -nsu

8/14/2019 Cardiovascular System:The Blood -NSU

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Histology 7b

Gregory Rodocker

NSU

Class Taken: Spring 2009


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Blood Cells

Plasma Liquid portion of the blood

Formed elements/cells Erythrocytes

Leukocytes

Platelets/thrombocytes


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Buffy Coat


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Plasma

Plasma = Whole Blood Formed

elements

Serum = Whole Blood Formed

Elements Clot

Serum = Plasma - Clot


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Plasma

10% of the volume is solutes:

7% proteins 0.9% salts

NaCl, KCl, CaCl2

Remainder

Amino acids, vitamins, hormones andlipoproteins


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RBCs/Erythrocytes

Anucluate

Packed with hemoglobin: 280mil/per

RBC.

Biconcave disks 7.5 x 2.6 um and 0.8 um at center

*Large surface area to volume ratio

3.9 5.5 million RBCs/ul women

4.1 6.0 million RBCs/ul - men


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Sickle Cell Anemia


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RBCs

Cell membrane is referred to as the

Plasmalemma Well known due to its ready availability

40% lipid (note)

50% protein

10% carbohydrate Contains a 33% solution of

Hemoglobin (Hb)


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RBCs

Immature or incompletely enucluated RBCs

are called reticulocytes

Normally, there are 1% retics Increased numbers indicate hemorrhage or

change in altitude/oxygen availability

Survive for 120 days and are removed,

based on membrane surface cues, bymacrophages in the bone marrow or spleen


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All of these are RBCs. Which are reticulocytes? What do others contain?


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Polycythemia


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WBCs/Leukocytes

Granulocytes Neutrophils

Eosinophils

Basophils

Agranulocytes Monocytes

Lymphocytes


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Granulocytes

Non-dividing, terminal cells that are

preprogrammed to die by apoptosis in

a few days Billions of neutrophils die each day

Capable of diapedesis

Attracted by chemical mediators viachemotaxis

6,000 10,000 WBCs/ul


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Neutrophils

60 70% of total WBC number

12 15ul in diameter with a nucleus

that has 2-5 lobes, usually 3.

Immature neutrophils have a horse-

shoe shaped nucleus and is called a

band Polymorphonulear leukocyte


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Three neutrophils


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Eosinophils

2 4% of the total WBC count

Same size as neutrophils with a

bilobed nucleus 200 granules per cell


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Eosinophil


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Basophil

1% of the total WBC count

Same size as neutrophil

Multilobed nucleus often obscured by

the granules


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Basophil and ?


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Lymphocytes

28% of total WBC count Small lymphocytes (6 8um in

diameter) Medium lymphocytes Large lymphocytes (up to 18um)

Lifespan from a few days to years Large, round nucleus Little cytoplasm


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Monocytes

5% of total WBC count

12 20um in diameter

Oval, horseshoe or kidney shaped

nucleus


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Platelets/thrombocytes

2- 4um in diameter

Non-nucleated cell fragments Megakaryocytes produce them

200,000 400,000/ul

Lifespan of 10 days


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Platelets


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cardiovascular system:the blood -nsu

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