Cardiovascular system

Cardiovascular systemall vertebrate animals have a closed circulatory system, which is called cardiovascular system.

heart, blood vessels

transport gases, nutrients, wastes

Heart

HeartFour chambersThickness of the wall Left ventricle right ventricle

Valves

Atriovantricular valve: right tricuspid valve left-bicuspid valve surpported by fibrous strings

Semilunar valve: pulmonary valve aortic valveTo prevent blood backward movement

Heart

Blood vesselsArteries: carry blood away from the heartCapillaries: exchange materials with tissue fluidVeins: return blood to the heart

Blood vesselsAorta & vena cavamajor artery & vein connected with the penisArterioles--- small arteriesVenules--- small veinsThickness of the wall: Artery vein c. Vein

Capillarycapillary beds many capillaries interconnectedcapillary wall extremely thin, red cell pass through in single file

Two major circular pathwaysPulmonary circuitblood lungs heart

Systemic circuitblood heart body

Right ventricle pumps blood to lungsSuperior/inferior vena cava carry deoxygenated blood

Left ventricle pumps blood to the bodyPulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from lungs

Systemic capillary exchange

Dissect heart and identify four chambers and valves