cardiac outputplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 l/min meaning that heart...
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![Page 1: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CARDIAC OUTPUT
1.STROKE VOLUME
2.CARDIAC INDEX
3.VENOUS RETURN
4.RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE
![Page 2: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
HYPEREFFECTIVE AND
HYPOEFFECTIVE HEART
DEFINITION
CAUSES
1.HYPEREFFECTIVE
A. NERVOUS EXCITATION
B.HYPERTROPHY OF HEART MUSCLE
![Page 3: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2.HYPOEFFECTIVE
A.HEART DISEASES
B.INHIBIT NERVOUS EXCITATION
![Page 4: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
FACTORS AFFECT ON CARDIAC
OUTPUT
1.VENOUS RETURN
2.RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE
3.CIRCULATORY FILLING PRESSURE
4.SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION
5.ELECTROLYTES
6.PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE
![Page 6: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
MEASUREMENTS OF CARDIAC
OUTPUT
1.DIRECT FICK METHOD
2.INDICATOR DILUTION METHOD
![Page 11: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042001/5e6d91bb612f2862547d780a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)