nSpringH20 &Co.

Carbon Nanotube Membranes

Introduction3.4 Billion

One third of world’s population has water shortages, and this is expected to double by 2025

Introduction (cont.)H₂O & Co. has developed a more cost

efficient way to remove chemicals and infectious agents from water.

Carbon nanotubesSmall rolled sheets of graphite, as strong as

steelLattice patternLess than one nmSingle-walled (SWNT) and multi-walled

(MWNT)

Membrane CompositionElectrochemical etching erodes metals and

forms a porous layer in the Silicon. Iron oxide is placed on top.

It is exposed to C2H4 (ethene) at high temperatures. The tubes grow vertically and tightly. Exposure time determines the length of the nanotube.

Silicon Nitride is added between gaps to stabilize.

How it WorksNegative carboxylics draw water through the

tube.Ions cannot fit through

the 1 nm tubesAt .93 nm in diameter,

95% of ions are filtered out of water

Up to 100 times faster

How it Works (cont.)Also filters out bacteria and viruses

When passed through a nanotube, infectious agents will be trapped and unable to pass through to the other side.

FinanceSWNTs: $95 per gramMWNTs: $15 per gramComposite: $35 per gram2-3 year life span

Cost 2-7 cents per day in useAverage of 2 cents less expensive than

other filters$7.30 cheaper per year$25 per membrane

(“Water Filtration Comparisons & Reviews” 3)

Finance (cont.)COMPANY COST OF FILTRATION PER

1000 GALLONS OF COMPOUNDS

AVERAGE % OF REMOVAL OF THE GOVERNMENT’S

TOP 11 DANGEROUS COMPOUNDS

Brita $273.91 22%Everpure $229.00 26%Kenmore $198.99 78%

PUR $299.59 44%nSpring (us) $70 95%

(“Water Filtration Comparisons & Reviews” 3)

Finance (cont.)Global market

for nanofiltration membranes: CAGR 26.1%

Water treatment sector: CAGR 27.4%

More regulations protecting environment

Finance (cont.)Rent

Building – $10,000 a monthEquipment – $20,000 a monthMaterials - $3,000 a monthMiscellaneous - $1,000 a month

OtherAccounting - $10,000Employees (8) - $25,000 every six months

Total (6 Months) = $414,000

Conclusion

Provides clean, desalinated, water.

Filters out bacteria and viruses

Cheaper price.In demandFaster filtration

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