carbon capture and storage - eesc.europa.eu · co2 storage mechanisms in saline aquifers structural...
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Énergies renouvelables | Production éco-responsable | Transports innovants | Procédés éco-efficients | Ressources durables©
2011
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P E
nerg
ies
nouv
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Carbon Capture and Storage
Andreas EhingerEERA CCS-JP Programme Coordinator
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Role of CCS for the energy transition
Source: IEA
Energy transition
≈ Baseline energy demand
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Large point emitters
source: IPCC/SRCCS8000 sources, 13,5 Gt CO2/y (2002 data)
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The CCS chain
CO2
CO2
CO2
.................................::...............
CO2 capture in industrial installations
CO2 underground storage
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CO2 capture pathways
IPCC-SRCCS
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Geological storage options
ww
w.C
O2C
RC
.com
.au
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CO2 storage potential
source: IPCC SRCC
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CO2 storage mechanisms in saline aquifers
Structural trapping
density difference between injected CO2 and formation water
Solubility trapping
CO2 dissolves in water
gravity separation: CO2 rich water has higher density
Residual (capillary) trapping
dependant on pore size and relative permeability
Mineral trapping
CO2 reacts irreversibly with rock minerals
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Structural trapping
roche de couverture étanche
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Solubility trapping
CO2
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Solubility trapping
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Solubility trapping
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Solubility trapping
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Solubility trapping
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Solubility trapping
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Solubility trapping (end)
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Residual (capillary) trapping
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Mineral trapping
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Mineral trapping
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Mineral trapping
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Mineral trapping
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Mineral trapping
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Mineral trapping
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Mineral trapping (fin)
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Trapping mechanisms and storage security
Source: IPCC
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Storage security: rigorous site selection
source: DOE / NETL
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Storage security: site monitoring
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Ketzin (Allemagne)
Berlin36km
source: GFZ
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CO2 storage experience
Several industrial size sites
Sleipner, Norvegian North Sea
Weyburn, Canada
In Salah, Algeria
Several big pilot projects
Ketzin, Germany
Lacq, France
Ottway, Australia
...
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CO2 storage
CO2 in the underground vs CO2 in the atmosphere
15+ years of R&D
knowledge
methodologies
tools (software, hardware)
regulation
Successful pilot and full size applications
More pilots for covering more geological variability and consolidation of achievements
Move to deployment to decrease CO2 emissions