carbon benefits kds v3 07
TRANSCRIPT
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Land Health Surveillance•Identify where land problems exist
•Quantify major risks to land health
•Target agroforestry interventions
•Evaluate the outcomes of interventions
Field Measurement
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Designed to provide;
biophysical baselines at landscape level (vegetation, soil condition)
a monitoring and evaluation framework
the Land Degradation
Surveillance Framework
Field Measurement
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Sentinel Site Surveillance Framework
a spatially stratified,
hierarchical, randomized
sampling framework
Sentinel site (100 km2)
16 Clusters (1 km2)
10 Plots (1000 m2)
4 Sub-Plots (100 m2)
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LDSF sampling plot (1000 m2) with sub-plots (100 m2)
•Fast•Repeatable•Functional, interpretable•Applicable everywhere•Widely tested•With local communities
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Shrub biovolume by block & cluster
UNEP-ICRAF West Africa Drylands Project
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Allometrics
•Biovolume to biomass to C• Trees, shrubs, Species• Belowground woody biomass
• Tapering coefficients; fractal branching
•Infrared spectroscopy for wood moisture and densityImproved wood density databasesProtocols for local calibrations
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Small chambers will be used to measure the fluxes of N2O, CO2 and CH4 to generate default factors for N2O and to estimate the soil respiration flux under different land uses
Trace Gas Measurements
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Infrared Spectroscopy for rapid soil characterization
• Rapid
• Reproducible
• Low cost
• Predicts soil carbon & functional soil properties
Soils Measurement
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Soil infrared spectroscopy labs
FT-NIR
SalienSalienTanzaniaTanzania
ChitedzeMalawi
SotubaMali
MaputoMozambique
ICRAF reference and
support labNairobi
Future locations
FT-MIR
VNIR
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Loca
l (s
ite-l
eve
l) C
ref
Digital mapping of soil carbon
10 km
UNEP-ICRAF West Africa Drylands Project
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Randomization of Sentinel Site
locations stratified by climate
A Globally Integrated African Soil Information Service
A globally integrated, evidence-based, and dynamic soil health information service that provides management, planning and policy-relevant soil information for the non-desert portions of Sub-Saharan Africa.
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eastern
western
Fort Tenan
Remote Sensing
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Eastern Sites
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Western Sites
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Key Elements of Measurement
Ground measurements provide calibration and detailed sample frame analysis
Remote sensing takes the ground samples to extrapolate spatially to the landscape
Remote sensing characterizes spatial heterogeneity and land use
Spectral analysis provides rapid soil carbon measurement
GIS provides the data base framework for organizing spatial data
Carbon and nitrogen models provide ex ante calculations and detailed accounting
Web-enabled geospatial information systems to provide local and global access
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WWW
Groundmeasures
Localcommunities
Remote measures
Satellite – groundintegration
AnalysisGEF (markets)
TRFIC TechnologiesCarbon2Markets tools
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Mature tress
Plantation plot
New trees
Integration of in situ carbon and nitrogen with imagery
samples
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Biophysical measurements
Forest density and type mapping in Thailand
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LAI vs . FC (in GLA2.0)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0 20 40 60 80 100
Fractional Cover
LA
I
LAI-4 vs. FC(%)
LAI-5 vs. FC
Leaf Area Index can be used as anInput to NPP-Carbon models
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Hyper-rez tree crown detection
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Detailed View ETM+ (4,3,2)
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Detailed view VCF 30m
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Region east of Kingaroy, north of Nanango
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Zoom in at high resolution
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Region east of Kingaroy, north of Nanango. Small blue dots are waypopints. White is non forest/trees. Carbon sequestration range: 4-8 tCO2e per ha per yr (light to dark)
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Carbon BenefitsModeling, Measurement and
Monitoring
Application of the Tools from Component B
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Forest
Slashed
Burning
Agriculture, grass
Agriculture, bare soil
The tools can be used to measure changes in carbon associated with land
use change
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Link space mapping and ground measurements to carbon accounting models
and databases
Models provide systematic accounting for carbon
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The tools could be applied for meeting the needs of marketing C from rural development
projects
2005 $12 Billion2006 $30 Billion2007 $64 Billion2008 $116 Billion
2025 $1 Trillion (Financial Times)
For reference:For reference:Current ODA = $92 Current ODA = $92 BillionBillion
Global C markets
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The tools can be used to assess ecosystem degradation in a quantitative way in landscapes and target
interventions
Forest degradation
Erosion
Soil fertility
High grazing pressure
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Best Practices Support on
Where to plant – trees suitable for your area
Which to plant – sources of tree seeds
How to plant – good tree nursery practices
What to plant – trees suitable for your purposes
How to engage communities and scale up
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The right tree for the right place1. Trees for Products
2. Trees for Services
fruit firewood medicine income sawnwood fodder
soilfertility
carbon sequestration
soilerosion
watershedprotection
shade biodiversity
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The tools will help develop an assessment of the full GHG balance of different
management systems
Pine – coffee – banana system – Java
Intensive poplar agroforestry system
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Eventually expand measurement and monitoring to other types of projects - e.g.
REDD, SFM