carbon and life: organic chemistry. organic chemistry is scary
Post on 15-Jan-2016
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Carbon and life: Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry is scary
Carbon atom
CCarbon atom
Methane
Ethane
Ethene (ethylene)
Hydrocarbons
C H
High energy bond
Carbon - Hydrogen
Macromolecules
*proteins*nucleic acids*carbohydrates
*Lipids
4 Types
Macromolecules
*proteins*nucleic acids*carbohydrates
*Lipids
4 Types
polymers
Polymer Chemistry
monomers
(individual)
polymer
(joined)
Momomers
Polymer
Making and breaking the bonds
Short polymer Unlinked monomer
Dehydration removes a watermolecule, forming a new bond
Longer polymer
Making the bond
dehydration
Hydrolysis adds a watermolecule, breaking a bond
Breaking the bond
hydrolysis
Polymers
Polymer bonds involve water
Kangaroo Rat
Survives on metabolic water
ProteinMonomers =
amino acids
Polymer = protein
Protein
amino acids
Protein
20 amino acids
Protein
Polymer formation Dehydration
reaction
Proteins are long chains of amino acids
Protein
20 amino acids
A ribbon model
Groove
Groove
A space-filling model
Protein function is determined by its shape.
Protein shape is determined by its amino acids.
Protein shape is determined by its amino acids.
Protein
Global Warming
Coral “bleaching”
Nucleic AcidsMonomers =
nucleotides
Polymer = DNA, RNA
Nucleic Acids
Nucleotide (monomer)
5 bases
DNA
“double helix”
DNA
RNA
single-stranded
Carbohydrates
Monomers = simple sugars
Polymer = carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
CarbohydratesA simple sugar (monosaccharide)
glucose
Carbs are rich in C – H bonds
Sucrose or table sugar
Carbohydrates
Starch: A polymer of glucose molecules
Starch: 1–4 linkage of a glucose monomers.
Cellulose: 1–4 linkage of b glucose monomers.
Starch
cellulose
Glucose polymers
Cellulose
Starch
Lipids
Lipids
Lipids
Hard fats
oils
saturated
unsaturated
Lipids
