SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIAN PROJECT AND ITS IMPLEMANTATION

ON PUBLIC INVESTMENTS

CANSU KARŞILAYANADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITY

2010 BIALYSTOK

KEY QUESTIONS

WHY DO WE NEED THIS PROJECT

WHY IS THIS REGION CHOOSEN

The climate of Turkey is called semi-arid with some extremities in temperature . In the higher interior Anatolian

Plateau, winters are cold with late springs, while the surrounding coastal fringes enjoy the very mild-featured

Mediterranean Climate.

mediterranean, sub-tropic and terrestrial

TURKEY IS NOT A WATER RICH COUNTRYCountries classified as a rich country in water resources if they have 8-10 thousand m3 water per capita per year. The available water per capita per year in Turkey is about 1/5 of the water-rich countries.

THE PROJECT AREAADIYAMAN – GAZİANTEP – DİYARBAKIR – KİLİS – MARDİN – ŞANLIURFA – BATMAN – SİİRT - ŞIRNAK

WHAT IS GAPGAP is a multi-

sectoral integrated regional development project based on sustainable development.

Water resource utilize on Fırat (Euphrates) and Dicle (Tigris)

THE GAP MASTER PLAN PINPOINTS FOUR BASIC STRATEGIES

•Development and management of water and land resources for both irrigation purposes and for urban-industrial uses, •Improvement of land use by introducing better farm management systems, farming practices and crop designs, •Encouragement of manufacturing industries by giving special emphasis to local and agriculture related resources and inputs, •Improvements in social services and urban infrastructures in order to better respond to the needs of the people and attract qualified personnel to the region.

AS A RESULT OF THE COMPLETION OF THE ACTIVITIES AND PROJECTS WITHIN THE GAP ACTION PLAN;

•The completion of the construction of 1,649 km. long main irrigation channels•The opening up of 1,060,000 hectares of land to irrigated agriculture,•The completion of 2,209 km. of national and county roads and many highway bridgesreaching 2,8 km. in length,•Reaching the targets of 50%, 100% and 90% of schooling, respectively in preschool,primary and high school education•Creation of 3,580 additional bed capacities in health sector. • Giving vocational training to 35 000 people, through an extended vocational qualificationacquaintance training program.•Reaching up to 6,200 people with training and consultancy programs in order to helpthem establish their own businesses,are targeted. 

HISTORY OF THA GAP ( 1 )Electricity Survey Administration - 1936Keban Project – 1938Drillings on Euphrates(Fırat) and Tigris

(Dicle) 1950-1960 State Hydraulic Works – 1954Fırat and Dicle Planning Authority – 1961Reconnaissance Report For Fırat Basin –

1964

HISTORY OF THE GAP ( 2 )Reconnaissance Report For The Lower

Fırat Basin – 1966Irrigation Shemes Of The Lower Fırat

Project – 1968

SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIAN PROJECT - 1977

ŞANLIURFADue to the success of the

National Independance War Şanlı (Glorious) title was given to city.

Mardin (east side), Gaziantep (west side), Adıyaman (north side), Diyarbakır (northeastern side) and Syria(south side ) border the city.

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Based on agriculture, stockbreeding20 private and public bank24 exchance office3 organized industrial zone

POPULATION795.000 people in 1985 – 1.443.442

people in 2000Two kind of internal migrationA) comes from neighboring provinces and

rural areasB) local registers who migrated to other

city before 1990. They come back

HEALTH AND EDUCATIONAdditional to public hospital one private

hospital500 bad capacity university hospitalMobil education (provided by

translation)New opening university

INFRASTRUCTURE• Infrastructure cannot

provide drinking water, sewage service and traffic control due to rising population and citizen needs.

• Centre of town has one main street but it is not enough for economy, bureaucracy and trade activities.

SOLUTIONMunicipalities

should prepare action plans for build sewage cannels.

To built a centre of bussines for trade activities

Municipalities should agree with some private logistic companies.

SOCIO-CULTURAL LIFEPROBLEMSSocial development

progress is slower than the economic sphere.

Women have begun to take place in public life but it is so less

Sending girls to school is a problem

BloodfeundsTerrorism is much less than

neighboring cities but it’s an important source of social discomfort

SOLUTIONSThe reduction of

terrorism.Positive discrimination

for womenPreparation schools for

primary eduction and enhancing the campaigns for sending school

More punishment for bloodfeunds

DİYARBAKIR

Diyarbakır has a great history.

The cities ramparts made by

Johan 9000 years ago.Diyarbakır was been the

capitalcity of Armenian Kingdom

andKingdom of Akkoyunlular

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTBased on agriculture and stockbreeding.25 Private and Public Bank20 exchange offfice2 Organized Industry Zone2 Finansial institution

PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONFeudal cultural

structureTerrorismInsufficient

information about the market

GAP could be implemented as 5% of it

Feudal cultural structure had been planned by government.

Public and private sector should make research with together.

GAP should be done exactly.

POPULATIONDiyarbakır was getting migration from

surroundingcities and villages since 1990. Because of securityconcerns, evacation of villagers, instability in theregion.In Diyarbakır there is both internal and externalmigration.External migration - %70Internal migration - %30

PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONSLack of

infrastructureLack of urban

transportationDifficulties of

inadequate busses Increased un

employment

The reduction of terrorismEnhancing security for

emigrants returned to their villages

To give support to agriculture and low loans

Provide support for the repair of houses

Ensure minimum living conditions to villagers (example: telephone, drinking water, electricity)

EDUCATIONPROBLEMSIf we compare the

closed school amounts with 90’s it is more less but still some schools are closed

Education provide with transportation

Lack of personnal

SOLUTIONSThe builds of school

should been restored.

Municipalities should built efficient class to every districts

Needs of personals should been provided by government.

INFRASTRUCTUREPROBLEMS:(As a result of

incresed population)housing, sewage,

drinking water increased traffic

problems

SOLUTIONSUrbanization-plan

and house projects The municipalities

should find some areas for building

Minimum living standards for emigrants to change their mind as the only way isn’t migration.

SOCIO-CULTURAL LIFEIn this city 321 culture-art-sport projects

and 157 employment are implemented.There is 3 big shopping center.5 local television channels and 8 radio

stations are existingDicle University contributes the cultural

life.

Only problem is pressure of terrorism.

PROPOSALS AND FUTURE EXPECTATIONS

To find alternative jobs suitable with the social and geographic structure of the region for example beekeeping and weaving.

To make agriculture revolution and give credits with low loans

To enhance all industrial investmentsThe government should be tolerant to citizens and

institutionsCome back projects to villagesTo support social and cultural investments not only

economic ones.The region tried to get rid of such a confused situations so

some projects should be made like earthquake projects.