I!!!! Cancer Research

January 1,1994 Volume 54 Number 1 PP. 1-320 ISSN 0008-5472 CNREA 8

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Cancer Research L OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FO,~

American Association for Cancer Research, Inc.

Publications Staff Managing Editor Margaret Foti

Assistant Managing Editor Mary Anne Mennite

Manager, Editorial Services Heide M. Pusztay

Editorial Assistant Lisa A. Frank

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Margaret A. Pickels

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Theresa A. Griffith

Editorial Secretaries Mary Ellen Pining Valerie L. Taylor Andrea Conrad

Administrative Staff Executive Director Margaret Foti

Associate Director of Administration

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Editor-in-Chief Carlo M. Croce

Associate Editors Stuart A. Aaronson Benoit de Crombrugghe Waun Ki Hong Beatrice Mintz Martha R. Stampfer Martin D. Abeloff Riccardo Dalla-Favera Tasuku Honjo Malcolm S. Mitchell Eric J. Stanbridge Jerry M. Adams Richard L. Davidson Kay Huebner Sharon B. Murphy Gary S. Stein David S. Alberts Eugene R. DeSombre James N. Ihle Ruth J. Muschel Bernard S. Strauss Carmen J. Allegra T. Michael Dexter John T. Isaacs Yusuke Nakamura Louise C. Strong Frederick R. Appelbaum Ralph E. Durand Mark A. Israel Garth L. Nicolson Takashi Sugimura James O. Armitage Alan Eastman Elaine S. Jaffe Kenneth Nilsson Saraswati Sukumar William M. Baird Gertrude B. Elion Rakesh K. Jain Susumu Nishimura James A. Swenberg Allan Balmain Lois B. Epstein Peter A. Jones Jeffrey A. Norton Paul Talalay J. Carl Barrett Leonard C. Erickson V. Craig Jordan Peter C. Nowell Tadatsugu Taniguchi Renato Baserga Emmanuel Farber Robert S. Kerbel Kenneth Olden Steven R. Tannenbaum William T. Beck Nelson Fausto Young S. Kim Gilbert S. Omenn Masaaki Terada Thomas L. Benjamin Eric R. Fearon Kenneth W. Kinzler Richard J. O'Reilly Kenneth D. Tew Joseph R. Bertino Isaiah J. Fidler Tadamitsu Kishimoto Robert F. Ozols Snorri S. Thorgeirsson June L. Biedler Robert A. Floyd Alfred G. Knudson, Jr. Michael A. Palladino, Jr. Donald J. Tindall Gianni Bonadonna Judah Folkman Kurt W. Kohn Peter L. Pedersen George J. Todaro Ernest C. Borden Kenneth A. Foon Laurence N. Kolonel Anthony E. Pegg Jeffrey M. Trent G. Tim Bowden Joseph F. Fraumeni, Jr. Donald W. Kufe Angel Pellicer Giorgio Trinchieri Norman Breslow Errol C. Friedberg John S. Lazo Frederica P. Perera Takashi Tsuruo Edward Bresnick Stephen H. Friend Brigid G. Leventhal Bice Perussia Axel Ullrich Samuel Broder Minoru Fukuda Jay A. Levy Sidney Pestka Peter Vaupel Ronald N. Buick Philip Furmanski Frederick P. Li Gordon L. Phillips Giancarlo Vecchio Paul A. Bunn, Jr. Eugene W. Gerner Victor Ling Cecil B. Pickett Ellen S. Vitetta C. Patrick Burns Leo E. Gerweck Lance A. Liotta Jacalyn H. Pierce Daniel D. Von Hoff Fernando Cabanillas Eli Glatstein Martin Lipkin Vito Quaranta Michael D. Waterfield Bruno Calabretta David W. Golde Marc E. Lippman Frank J. Rauscher III Lee W. Wattenberg Eli Canaani Michael M. Gottesman Gerald Litwack Donald J. Reed Ralph R. Weichselbaum Robert L. Capizzi J.W. Grisham Leroy F. Liu Ralph A. Reisfeld I. Bernard Weinstein Webster K. Cavenee F. Peter Guengerich Lawrence A. Loeb Richard A. Rifkind Bengt Westermark Bruce A. Chabner Sen-itiroh Hakomori Dan L. Longo Leslie L. Robison Raymond L. White Yung-chi Cheng Philip C. Hanawalt Reuben Lotan Igor B. Roninson Gordon F. Whitmore Bruce D. Cheson Curtis C. Harris David B. Ludlum Howard I. Scher Max S. Wicha David Colcher Jules E. Harris Tak W. Mak Robert T. Schimke Walter Willett Robert L. Comis John C. Harshbarger Michael J. Mastrangelo J. Schlessinger H. Rodney Withers Allan H. Conney Stephen S. Hecht Lynn M. Matrisian Stuart F. Schlossman Sheldon Wolff Neal G. Copeland Carl-Henrik Heldin W. Gillies McKenna Manfred Schwab Stuart H. Yuspa Joseph G. Cory Samuel Hellman Anna T. Meadows Joseph V. Simone Harald zur Hausen Jeffrey Cossman Brian E. Henderson John Mendelsohn Francis M. Sirotnak Frank Costantini Russell Hilf Christopher J. Michejda Anna Marie Skalka William M. Crist Richard B. Hochberg John D. Minna Michael B. Sporn

Cover Editorial Board Sidney Weinhouse, Nancy H. Colburn George H. Hitchings Takashi Sugimura

Cover Editor Hugh J. Creech Edwin A. Mirand John H. Weisburger

Cancer Research is sponsored by the American Association for Cancer Research, Inc. and receives major support from the American Cancer Society, Inc. Publication costs are also met by a grant from the Elsa U. Pardee Foundation.

Subscription Information Cancer Research is published twice a month, one volume per year, by the American Association for Cancer Research, Inc. Subscriptions include the Proceedings of the American

Association for Cancer Research, issued in March of each year. Except for members of the American Association for Cancer Research, all subscriptions are payable in advance to Waverly, Inc., 428 E. Preston Street, Baltimore, MD 21202-3993, to which all business communications, remittances (in United States currency or its equivalent), and subscription orders should be sent. In Japan, send orders and inquiries to (sole agent): USACO Corporation, Tsutsumi Bldg., 13-12, Shimbashi-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, Japan; Tel. (03) 502-6471. Nonmembers of the American Association for Cancer Research within the United States may subscribe to Volume 54 (1994) of Cancer Research at the rate of $415.00 (individual and institutional nonmembers), including postage. Institutional and individual nonmembers outside of the United States should add $60.00 to their respective rates to offset second-class postage costs. Canadian subscribers should add 7% GST. Air mail and other means of delivery are available at extra charge; contact Waverly, Inc. for information. Changes of address notification should be sent 60 days in advance and include both old and new addresses. Member subscribers should send address changes to: Member Services, American Association for Cancer Research, Inc., Public Ledger Building, 620 Chestnut St., Suite 816, Philadelphia, PA 19106-3483. Nonmember subscribers should notify Waverly, Inc. of changes of address. Copies of the journal which are undeliverable because of address changes will be destroyed. Printed in the U.S.A.