canada 英语国家概况. chapter 14 geography and history chapter 14 geography and history canada

CanadaCanada

英语国家概况英语国家概况

Chapter 14Chapter 14 Geography and History Geography and History

Canada

英语国家概况

英语国家概况

Foreign Language Teaching and Research PressForeign Language Teaching and Research Press

GeographyI

HistoryII

CONTENT


GeographyI

1.2 Geographic Regions and Climate

1.1 Location and Size

1.3 Major Cities


1.1 Location and Size

1. Which of the following descriptions is correct about Canada?

the second largest country in the world located in the North American continent Atlantic in the east, Pacific in the west, Arctic

Ocean to the north share land borders with the United States to

the south and northwest Canada has the longest coastline in the world.

√√√

√√


1.2 Geographic Regions and Climate

2. How many geographic regions can Canada be divided into? The Atlantic Region The Central Region The Prairie Region The Pacific Region The Northern Region

3. Canada’s vast territory and unique topography result in a climate with wide regional variations. Can you figure out what the weather is like in the above regions?

a continental climate

a moderate climate

cold winter, hot summer, sparse precipitation

temperature below zero for seven months


1.3 Major Cities—Ottawa

the capital of Canada the country's fourth largest

city located in the Ottawa Valley lies on the banks of the

Ottawa River a humid continental climate the seventh coldest capital

in the world by annual average temperature, but ranks the third by mean of January temperature

nickname: Bytown

(Left) A house is barely visible from beneath the heavy Ottawa snowfall.


1.3 Major Cities—Toronto

located on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario the largest city in Canada the provincial capital of Ontario Canada’s financial capital the fifth most populous municipality in North America ranked 14th in the world with over 4 million tourist

arrivals a year a humid continental climate one of the safest major cities in North America with a

low crime rate


1.3 Major Cities—Toronto (cont.)

the tallest tower in the western hemisphere, the world's second tallest freestanding structure


1.3 Major Cities—Montreal the second largest city in Canada the largest city in the Canadian

province of Quebec used to be the largest city in

Canada and the industrial and financial centre of Canada

The official language of Montreal is French.

the largest French-speaking city in North America, and second in the world after Paris

humid continental climate

Montreal's Underground Citythe largest underground complex in the world


1.3 Major Cities—Vancouver a coastal city and major seaport

in southwestern British Columbia the third largest in the country ranked one of the three most

livable cities in the world ethnically diverse, with 52% of

city residents and 43% of metro residents having a first language other than English

temperate climate the second largest Chinatown in

North America after San Francisco

Chinese New Year Parade

to the use and enjoyment of people of all colors, creeds and customs of all time


HistoryII

2.6 Exercise

2.2 European Settlement

2.1 Discovery and Exploration

2.3 British Canada

2.4 Canadian Nation

2.5 Canada Since the 1980s


2.1 Discovery and Exploration

In 1497, John Cabot, an Italian sea captain, sailed west from Britain, searching for a new route to Asia. This voyage led to the discovery of the Canada.

The French exploration of Canada began in 1535, when Jacques Cartier attempted to find new routes to the Orient.

Trading with the local Indians began.


2.2 European Settlement

In the early 1600s, both Britain and France founded permanent settlements in Canada.

During the 1750s, the famous Seven Years’ War between France and Britain started.

The whole Canada came under British control.


2.3 British Canada

In 1774, the British Parliament passed the Quebec Act, coping with the differences between French and British People.

In 1791, Canada was split into Upper Canada (English-speaking Ontario) and Lower Canada (French-speaking Quebec).

In 1841, Upper and Lower Canada united as the British Colony, the Province of Canada.


2.4 Canadian Nation

In 1867, The Constitution Act created the self-governing dominion of Canada.

In 1931, Canada was recognized as an equal partner of Britain.

The federal government’s power increased since the 1950s to its historical height.

By 1961, the country had become one of the world’s most urbanized nations.

During the 1970s, the relationship between Canada and the US became strained.


2.5 Canada Since the 1980s

The Canada Act of 1982 made Canada a fully sovereign state.

In the early 1990s, Meech Lake Accord and Charlottetown Accord both failed in a national referendum.

In the 1993 national election, Progressive Conservative Party was defeated by the Liberals.

In 1997 Chretien’s Liberal government succeeded in ending the 20 years of federal budget deficit.

When Paul Martin took office, Sino-Canadian relationship improved.


Exercise

Rearrange the following event to make a brief outline of the Canadian history.

a. Jacques Cartier arrived and claimed territory for the King of France.34]

b. American Revolution ended with the establishment of the border between Canada and the United States. [1783-1791]

c. First Indian and Inuit resided on the land. d. American army invaded Canada, captured Montreal

and besieged Quebec City.. e. The Constitutional Act established the Upper and

Lower Canada..[1791]

Early History of Canada


Exercise (cont.)

f. The Quebec Act: the predominant French population in Quebec and surrounding places were allowed to be governed according to French laws.

g. Champlain and the French settled and established control of the territory in and around Quebec City. This colony was called New France..[1608]

h. John Cabot sailed to an island off the coast of Canada, named it Newfoundland, and claimed it for the King of England. [1497]

i. Seven Years' War [ j. The Canada Act made Canada a fully sovereign

state.

Key: c-h-a-g-i-f-d-b-e

Early History of Canada

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