An introduction to Canada

Nearctic region(Canadian Shield)

Nearctic region

 One of the 8 terrestrial ecozones divided by WWF covers North america including Alaska and Greenland.

Canada and United States Of America are included in this region.

Head quarters of urodels

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1. Nearctic region shows great variations in climatic conditions and temperatures.

2. The eastern part of North America is composed of mixed or deciduous forests.

3. The middle part is composed of grasslands.

4. In northern portion, the winter temperature is much lower than is found at a corresponding latitude in Europe. Life is very scarce in this region as few animals can survive in frozen soil.

CLIMATE OF NEARCTIC REGION

Environments range from;

Arctic Tundra Evergreen Forests Grasslands Deserts

Nearctic Region

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Arctic Tundra

Evergreen Forests Deserts

Grasslands

Nearctic region possesses 120 families of terrestrial vertebrates.

14 Amphibians

21 Reptiles

59 Birds (700 species of birds)

26 Mammals

Animals distribution in Nearctic region

Northern Mockingbird

California newt

Brown bear

California Lizard

Sub-Regions

• 1 Canadian Shield

• 2 Eastern North America

• 3 Western North America

• 4 Northern Mexico and 

Southwestern North America

• It includes Canada, Greenland and Alaska.• The Canadian Shield bioregion extends across the northern portion of the continent, from the Aleutian Islands to Newfoundland. • This sub region includes arctic tundra as in Greenland and Boreal forest (which consist of conifers like pines,spruce and larches) in Canada and Alaska.•  Area is 8 000 000 km • It is an area mostly composed of igneous rock which relates to its long volcanic history. 

Canadian shield

The name Canada comes from  the word Kanata which means 

"village" or "settlement“.

Capital: Ottawa(Located in province Ontario)

Population(2014 estimate) : 35,344,962 (37th)

Area: 9,984,670 km2 (2nd largest)

Official language: English and French

 Canada has the longest coastline in the world, about 243,000 

kilometers in length.

Largest city: Toronto

Number of provinces: 10 provinces and 3 territories.

Prime Minister Stephen Harper

Currency : Canadian dollar ($) (CAD)

National anthem: O CANADA

National Symbol Of Canada Is The Maple Leaf

 

Canadian Horse

National Animal

National game of Canada is ice hockey(May 12, 1994)

Lacrosse (summer) (May 12, 1994)

The longest highway in the world is the Trans-Canada Highway which is over 7604 kilometers in length.

Toronto is the largest city of Canada, with a population of more than 5 million people.

University of Toronto (ranked 17= in the world; 1st in Canada)

McMaster University (140 in the world; 6th in Canada)

University of Waterloo (180 in the world; 7th in Canada)

Top Universities in Ontario

McGill University (21st in the world; 2nd in Canada)

Top Universities In Quebec

Université de Montréal (92= in the world’ 4th in Canada)

University of British Columbia (ranked 49th in the world; third in Canada)

Simon Fraser University (244= in the world; 13th in Canada)

Top universities in British Columbia

Top universities in Alberta

University of Alberta (96 in the world; 5th in Canada)

University of Calgary (201 in the world; 10th in Canada)

Interesting Social Rituals

The most common greeting is the handshake.  It should be firm and accompanied by direct eye   contact and a sincere smile. 

 Gifts are given to honorable guests which are usually flowers and sweets and interesting thing is this the guest have to open it on the spot.

 Do not give white lilies as they are used at funerals. Do not give cash or money as a present. 

WEDDING DRESS

WEDDING JEWLERY

Cultural Festivals In Canada1.Winterlude

• Winterlude is an annual festival in Ottawa, Ontario and Gatineau, Quebec that celebrates winter. Winterlude is run by the National Capital Commission and was started in 1979.

Winterlude Drummers Ottawa 2014

The Calgary Stampede • It is an annual rodeo, exhibition and 

festival held every July in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.•  The ten-day event, which bills itself as "The Greatest Outdoor Show on Earth",attracts over one million visitors per year • It features one of the world's largest rodeos, a parade, stage shows, concerts, agricultural competitions.

 It has 11th or 14th-largest economy in the world (measured in US dollars at market exchange rates).

It is one of the world's wealthiest nations and is a member of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Primary sector(agriculture,fishing,mining)

  With a long coastal line, Canada has the 8th largest commercial fishing and seafood industry in the world.Secondary sector(manufacturing)

  It has sizable manufacturing sector, centred in Central Canada, with the automobile industry and aircraft industry especially important.

Economy of Canada

PLACES TO VISIT IN CANADANIAGARA WATERFALL:The Niagara falls are one of the most beautiful waterfalls in the world. Among the top ten places to visit in Canada, this waterfall is probably the most beautiful one.It is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between Canada and the United States; more specifically, between the province of Ontario and the state of New York.

NIAGRA FALLS AT NIGHT

Vancouver:The Museum of Vancouver (MOV) (formerly the Vancouver Museum) is a local museum located in Vanier Park, Vancouver, British Columbia. Vancouver is one of the largest multi-cultural cities in the Canadian province. It is another beautiful attraction of Canada. 

VANCOUVER MUSEUM

The Ice Hotel in Quebec, known as Hotel de Glace is created every year using 400 tons of ice and 12,000 tons of snow. It melts away every summer and is recreated every winter.

LAKE LOUISE A large turquoise lake trickles from the thousands year old glacier in the distance. It is one of most beautiful place to visit and feel nature. Lake Louise was named after the Princess Louise Caroline Alberta (1848–1939), the fourth daughter of Queen Victoria

Kelowna, British Columbia:Kelowna, BC is in the heart of the Canadian Rockies. It is a beautiful river-valley that has some of Canada's best weather. Warm in the summer and mild in the winter. The valley produces Canada's world famous apples.

POLITICALLY IMPORTANT PLACES OF

THE CANADIAN PARLIMENT SUPREME COURT OF CANADA

SENATE CHAMBER

Polar bear in Alaska Arctic fox in Greenland

Bison in Canada

Sheep

Brief glimpse of

fauna in

Canadian shield

Reindeer(species of deer native to arctic)

Elk(belong to family cervidae)

Lemming found near arctic in tundra biome

Canada Goose