Can you finish Can you finish secret agent secret agent beakers task to beakers task to save your save your planet?planet?

There are rules for There are rules for naming!!naming!!

When Metals combine with non When Metals combine with non metalsmetals– Metal loose one or more electron Metal loose one or more electron

(becomes cation Ex: Mg2(becomes cation Ex: Mg2+)+)

– Non metal gains one or more electronsNon metal gains one or more electrons(becomes anion Cl(becomes anion Cl--))

These are called binary compoundsThese are called binary compounds Cations are always named firstCations are always named first Anions are always secondAnions are always second

Binary CompoundsBinary Compounds

You always name the ions involved You always name the ions involved There are two types of metal cationsThere are two types of metal cations Metals that form one cationMetals that form one cation Metals that form two or more cationsMetals that form two or more cations Both form compounds Both form compounds We call these Type 1 and Type 2 We call these Type 1 and Type 2

CompoundsCompounds

Rules for naming Type 1 ionic Rules for naming Type 1 ionic CompoundsCompounds

Cation always named first, Anion named Cation always named first, Anion named secondsecond

The cation takes the name of the elementThe cation takes the name of the element– Ex Na+ SodiumEx Na+ Sodium

The anion takes the root of the element The anion takes the root of the element and is followed by a –ideand is followed by a –ide– Ex Cl- ChlorideEx Cl- Chloride

When they form a compound they are When they form a compound they are Sodium ChlorideSodium Chloride

Ex NaI Sodium Iodide, CaO calciumoxideEx NaI Sodium Iodide, CaO calciumoxide

Rules for naming Type 2 Binary Rules for naming Type 2 Binary CompoundsCompounds

When metals form more than one ion When metals form more than one ion there are different rules(Transition there are different rules(Transition Metals)Metals)

Ex Pb forms Pb Ex Pb forms Pb 2+2+ and Pb and Pb 4+4+

We must distinguish what type of Lead We must distinguish what type of Lead we are talking aboutwe are talking about

Scientists use a roman numeral to Scientists use a roman numeral to distinguish what type of a metal is distinguish what type of a metal is being usedbeing used

You must determine the type of You must determine the type of metal by seeing how the ions metal by seeing how the ions combined combined

How could you determine the type of How could you determine the type of lead in PbOlead in PbO22??

It must be Pb(IV) because O always It must be Pb(IV) because O always forms O forms O 2-2-

Thus PbOThus PbO22 is called Lead(IV)Oxide is called Lead(IV)Oxide

Name the followingName the following

PbBrPbBr22

PbBrPbBr44

LiClLiCl MgOMgO

Lead(II)BromideLead(II)BromideLead(IV)BromideLead(IV)BromideLithium ChlorideLithium ChlorideMagnesium OxideMagnesium Oxide

Binary Compounds that contain Binary Compounds that contain non metalsnon metals

There are different rules when a There are different rules when a compounds contains only nonmetalscompounds contains only nonmetals

Ex: B,C,N,O,F,Ex: B,C,N,O,F, The first element in the formula is named The first element in the formula is named

first,and the full element name is usedfirst,and the full element name is used The second element is named as though it The second element is named as though it

were an anionwere an anion Prefixes are used to tell the number of Prefixes are used to tell the number of

atoms presentatoms present

Prefixes arePrefixes are Mono-1Mono-1 Di-2Di-2 Tri-3Tri-3 Tetra-4Tetra-4 Penta-5Penta-5 Hexa-6Hexa-6 Hepta-7Hepta-7 Octa- 8Octa- 8

Ex:Ex: COCO22

Name is CarbondioxideName is Carbondioxide NN33OO55

Name is trinitrogenpentoxideName is trinitrogenpentoxide PClPCl33

Name is PhosphoroustrichlorideName is Phosphoroustrichloride

Try TheseTry These II22OO77, CF, CF44,IF,IF55

Diiodineheptoxide, Diiodineheptoxide, Carbontetrafluoride, Carbontetrafluoride, IodinepentfluorideIodinepentfluoride

Polyatomic IonsPolyatomic Ions

Polyatomic ions are ions that are Polyatomic ions are ions that are composed of more than one elementcomposed of more than one element

Ex- OHEx- OH--= Hydroxide has a charge of = Hydroxide has a charge of -1-1

NHNH44++ = Ammonium has a charge of = Ammonium has a charge of

+1+1 SOSO44

2-2-= Sulfate and has a charge of -2= Sulfate and has a charge of -2

There are rules for naming these as There are rules for naming these as wellwell

YOU MUST LEARN TO RECOGNIZE YOU MUST LEARN TO RECOGNIZE POLYATOMIC IONSPOLYATOMIC IONS

Similar to rules for naming binary ionic Similar to rules for naming binary ionic compoundscompounds

Ex: NaOH= Sodium HydroxideEx: NaOH= Sodium Hydroxide Must distinguish what type of metal it Must distinguish what type of metal it

containscontains Ex Fe(NOEx Fe(NO33))3 = 3 = Iron(II)NitrateIron(II)Nitrate You must put the Polyatomic in You must put the Polyatomic in

parenthesis when writing more than one parenthesis when writing more than one polyatomicpolyatomic

Name the followingName the following Cu(NOCu(NO33))22, PbCO, PbCO33, NH, NH44I NaCNI NaCN Copper(II) Nitrate, Lead(II) Copper(II) Nitrate, Lead(II)

Carbonate, Ammonium Iodide, Carbonate, Ammonium Iodide, Sodium CyanideSodium Cyanide

Name the followingName the following– BFBF33, NaCl, CCl, NaCl, CCl44, FeS, AlBr, FeS, AlBr33,N,N22OO5, 5, CuCl CuCl

NaNa22SOSO44, KI, KI

Borontrifluoride,Sodium Chloride, Carbontetrachloride, Iron(II) Sulfide, Borontrifluoride,Sodium Chloride, Carbontetrachloride, Iron(II) Sulfide,

Aluminum bromide dinitrogenpentoxide,, Copper(I)Chloride, Sodium Sulfate, Aluminum bromide dinitrogenpentoxide,, Copper(I)Chloride, Sodium Sulfate,

Potassium IodidePotassium Iodide

Rules for naming AcidsRules for naming Acids If the anion does not contain oxygen the If the anion does not contain oxygen the

acid is named with the prefix hydro and acid is named with the prefix hydro and the suffix –ic attached to the root of the the suffix –ic attached to the root of the elementelement

Ex: HCl = Hydrochloric AcidEx: HCl = Hydrochloric Acid When the anion contains oxygen, the acid When the anion contains oxygen, the acid

name is formed from the root of the name is formed from the root of the central element of the anion with a suffix central element of the anion with a suffix of ic or ous. When the anion name ends it of ic or ous. When the anion name ends it ate the suffix ic is usedate the suffix ic is used

Ex: HEx: H22SOSO4 4 = Sulfuric Acid= Sulfuric Acid Ex: HEx: H22SOSO33 = Sulfurous Acid = Sulfurous Acid