can adults learn in group writing?

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Personal Development in Structured Writing Groups of adults from a general, non-clinical population 1 Tuesday, 16 July 13

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Personal Development of adults in writing groups; combining concepts of change, learning, interaction, flexibility and Sense of Coherence to arrive at an operational definition of Personal Development.

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Page 1: Can adults learn in group writing?

Personal DevelopmentinStructuredWriting Groups of adultsfrom a general,non-clinicalpopulation

1Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 2: Can adults learn in group writing?

Personal Development,what is it in this study?

operational definition

2Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 3: Can adults learn in group writing?

Personal Development,what is it in this study?

operational definition

Perceivable change towards lasting flexibility in

2Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 4: Can adults learn in group writing?

Personal Development,what is it in this study?

operational definition

Perceivable change towards lasting flexibility in behaviour,

2Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 5: Can adults learn in group writing?

Personal Development,what is it in this study?

operational definition

Perceivable change towards lasting flexibility in behaviour,

cognition,

2Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 6: Can adults learn in group writing?

Personal Development,what is it in this study?

operational definition

Perceivable change towards lasting flexibility in behaviour,

cognition, emotion,

2Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 7: Can adults learn in group writing?

Personal Development,what is it in this study?

operational definition

Perceivable change towards lasting flexibility in behaviour,

cognition, emotion,

coping,

2Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 8: Can adults learn in group writing?

Personal Development,what is it in this study?

operational definition

Perceivable change towards lasting flexibility in behaviour,

cognition, emotion,

coping,intra- and interpersonal communication

2Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 9: Can adults learn in group writing?

my metaphor

3Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 10: Can adults learn in group writing?

Personal Development is the container for all concepts:

the contour of the tree

4Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 11: Can adults learn in group writing?

A flexible tree is resilient, it can grow in various ways

5Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 12: Can adults learn in group writing?

Rigid trees are vulnerable

6Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 13: Can adults learn in group writing?

parts observed for changing flexibility

emotion

cognitioncoping

communication

behaviour

7Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 14: Can adults learn in group writing?

Sense of Coherence

What holds the ‘tree’ together is

the core self image

8Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 15: Can adults learn in group writing?

A high Sense of Coherence means

You can make sense of the world you live in.

You feel that you can cope with what you encounter.

Your life feels meaningful.

SoC concept and scale developed by Aaron Antonovsky, 1979, 1987

cross-culturally validated to correlate with healthy ageing

9Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 16: Can adults learn in group writing?

Vectors of development over timegoing from

younger to older agestatic to movingrigid to supplefixed to permeable, adaptive boundariesvulnerable to resilient, resourcefulnone or few to more options/choices

10Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 17: Can adults learn in group writing?

more vectors of development going from

Lower to higher feeling of agencyMore dependence to more autonomyIsolation to connectedness:

external (with others) and internal (with aspects of self)

other vectors are conceivable

11Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 18: Can adults learn in group writing?

LearningWhat is known What is not known

Zone of Proximal Development

with ‘more knowledgeable others’ = older people= society’s impact on education

In adult groups everyone can be more knowledgeable to another in some way

concepts taken from Lev Vygotsky, 1978

Model for cognitive learning in children

12Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 19: Can adults learn in group writing?

Learning in writing groups is:cognitive: skills of communication

with others and with selfAND

affective: how to be safe with othersFeeling safe enhances openness to learning

13Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 20: Can adults learn in group writing?

• Generative Learning is a logical model of levels: each level is of a different logical type, a higher abstraction, than the members it classifies

Personal Development is a form of Generative Learning

concepts developed by Gregory Bateson, 1964

A change in the frame of reference, a shift to higher-order thinking, creates ever more changes

14Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 21: Can adults learn in group writing?

How Generative Learning connects to the other concepts

• To reach a ‘higher’ level - ‘meta’ to the one below - a process of increasing openness and integration of learning is necessary

• Learning requires Openness, which is a prerequisite for flexibility as defined in this study

• Integration of learning means fitting new information to the existing coherent structure of the self

15Tuesday, 16 July 13

Page 22: Can adults learn in group writing?

System-dynamic process of personal development by writing in a group

• structured writing exercises and group interaction stimulate flexibility bound by coherence

16Tuesday, 16 July 13