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8/17/2019 Cams c Matter

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CAMBRIDGE SECONDARY ONE SCIENCECHAPTER 5: STATES OF MATTER


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5.1 STATES OF MATTER

Matter

Solids Liqids Gases


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5.1 STATES OF MATTER

Solid Liqid Gas

Has a !i"ed s#a$e Ta%es t#e s#a$e o! its&o'tai'er

Ta%es t#e s#a$e o! its&o'tai'er

(ee$s t#e sa)e *ol)e (ee$s t#e sa)e *ol)e T#e *ol)e &a' a'+e

Ca''ot ,e &o)$ressedor $ored

Ca''ot ,e &o)$ressed,t &a' ,e $ored

Ca' ,e &o)$ressedeasil- a'd &a' ,e $ored

Parti&les are ti+#tl-$a&%ed i' a' orderl-arra'+e)e't

Parti&les to eaot#er ,t 'ot arra'+ed i'a' orderl- )a''er

Parti&les are !ar a$arta'd 'ot arra'+ed i' a'orderl- )a''er

Parti&les &a' *i,ratea,ot a !i"ed $ositio'

Parti&les &a' )o*e $asto'e a'ot#er ,t re)ai'toi'+ ea ot#er

Parti&les &a' )o*e !reel-


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5.2 PARTICLE THEORY

Matter can only !lo. if the paticle! can

)o*e pa!t each othe.

Matter can only a'+e *ol)e if the$arti&les in it can s$read ot o )o*e

&loser to"ethe.


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5.2 PARTICLE THEORY

Soli#!

Soli#! ha$e a fi%e# !hape &eca'!e the

paticle! ae hel# to"ethe &y !ton"attacti$e foce!. The!e foce! sto$ the

$arti&les fo( )o*i'+ ao'n# an#

theefoe) solids &a''ot !lo./The $arti&les ae *er- &lose to"ethe

*hich (a+e! it #ard to &o)$ress a solid/


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5.2 PARTICLE THEORY

Li,'i#!

The attacti$e foce! &et*een the li,'i#

paticle! ae *ea+ eno'"h to allo* the( to )o*e &'t stro'+ e'o+# to #old the(

to+et#er/ Th'!) liqids can !lo./

The $arti&les ae &lose to+et#er an#th'!) liqids &a''ot &e &o)$ressed/


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5.2 PARTICLE THEORY

-a!e!

The $arti&les can )o*e !reel- &eca'!e

thee ae 'o attra&ti*e !or&es &et*eenthe(. Theefoe) +ases can !lo. easil-/

The $arti&les ae !ar a$art an# th'!) +ases

can &e &o)$ressed/


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5. CHA/-I/- STATE

0#e' &ooled

0#e'#eated

0#e'

&ooled

0#e'#eated

I&e 0ater Stea)

Melti'+ Boili'+

Free1i'+ Co'de'satio'


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5. CHA/-I/- STATE

0hen yo' (ea!'e the *ol)e of a liqid

yo' '!e a )easri'+ &-li'der/

The li,'i# fo(! a (eni!c'! at the top.Yo' (ea!'e the $ol'(e fo( the ,otto)

of the )e'is&s/ To #o thi!) yo' ('!t p't

yo' e-e le*el *ith the ,otto) of the)e'is&s/


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5. CHA/-I/- STATE

Measri'+ t#e *ol)e o! .ater i' a )easri'+ &-li'der


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5. CHA/-I/- STATE

0hen yo' (ea!'e te)$eratre2 yo' '!e

a t#er)o)eter/

The liqid in!i#e the the(o(ete e"$a'dsa! it "et! #otter/ Yo' ea# the te(peat'e

fo( the !cale. Place yo' e-e le*el *ith

the to$ of the )e'is&s in the the(o(ete.


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5. CHA/-I/- STATE

Measri'+ te)$eratre si'+ a t#er)o)eter


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5. EPLAI/I/- CHA/-ES OF STATE

0hen solids ae #eated they e"$a'd/

A! #eat e'er+- i! tan!fee# to the

$arti&les2 they *i,rate !aster an# ta+e 'p)ore s$a&e/ Thi! ca'!e! the !oli# to

e%pan#.


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5. EPLAI/I/- CHA/-ES OF STATE

T#e $arti&les *i,rate so )t#at so)e es&a$e t#e stro'+

!or&es a'd &a' )o*e aro'd

as a liqid

T#e $arti&les )o*e so qi&%l-

t#at so)e es&a$e as a +as

T#e $arti&les #a*e so little

e'er+- t#e- &a' o'l- *i,rate

a'd !or) a !i"ed $atter' to

!or) a solid

0#e' t#e $arti&les #it a &old

sr!a&e2 t#eir )o*e)e't slo.s

do.' a'd t#e- +et &loser

to+et#er to !or) a liqid


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