CALCULATION OF FEED & FODDER FOR LIVESTOCK IN PAKISTN

By: MEHMOOD UL HASSAN11-arid-940__DVM 3rd sem.

The important component of Pakistan’s economy is agriculture sector,

Agriculture share 21% to GDP. It has 45% opportunities for jobs of labour in

country’ and 60% of livelihood of rural people depends on agriculture.

Flood during 2011, affect crop similar to rice, cotton as well as sugarcane, even if during recent day, 2011-12,they undergo progress.

In 2011-12 growth rate of agriculture sector is 3.1%. Recently agriculture sector gives more profit.

Throughout 2011-12, generally routine of crop growing zone exhibit development of 3.1 percent due to development of agriculture subsectors.

The major development inside chief crop through rice, cord plus sugarcane with 27.7%’ 18.6% as well as 4.9% correspondingly.

There are two seasons of crops in Pakistan. One is the ‘KHARIF’ as of April to June, with

harvest time October to December, Rice, sugarcane, cord, maize, mange, pulp,

bajra, jawar are kharif crops.

Second is the ‘RABI’as of October toDecember,with harvest time April to May,

Whaet, Gram, Masoor, Tobacco, Barley , Mustard are Rabi crops.

The water availability in 2011-12 is 10% less than normal availability,but 13% higher than kharif 2010 season.

Pakistan has diversed form of livestock. It contribute 11.5%in GDP and 55%

contribution towards agricultural GDP

The population of livestock is approximately 163.0 millions per heads according to Economic Survey of Pakistan.

It is increasing @ 4.2% in every year and requirement of feed also increases,

The major problem in Pakistan ,the shortage of fodder’

About 2% fodder production decreases in every year,

One season is winter and other is summer .

Now a days,grown fodder crop is 10.3% and total crop area is 22.6 million hectars.

In Punjab,82.56% area is shared. 2.31 million is area under fodder crops

and 51.92 million tons fodder production per year;

Average production of fodder is 22.5 t ha1.

The average production of fodder is too low(15-30%)

CONTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT SOURCES TO FEED LIVESTOCK IN PAKISTAN.

Sources Contribution (%)

Fodder and crop residues 51

Forage/grazing 38

Cereal by-products 06

Post harvest grazing 03

Oilcakes, meals, animal protein

02

The region by means of slight changes decrease since 2.6 million hectares during 1976 to1977 toward 2.31 million hectares during 2009-2010.

Though, whole manufacture within the consequent time enlarged since 45.10 toward 51.92 million tone.

likewise production for every unit region too bigger since 17.4 to 22.5t/ha.

.

FODDER REQUIREMENT OF ANIMALS

Animals Estimated body weight (kg)

Fodder consumption by 10% body weight/day(kg)

Fodder requirments /year (kg)

Buffalo 500 50 18250

Cattle 400 40 14600

Goat 40 4 1460

Sheep 40 4 1460

Horses 500 50 18250

Mules 450 45 16425

Donkey 400 40 14600

Asses 250 25 9125

POPULATION OF ANIMALS AND ANIMAL UNIT IN PAKISTAN (2011-12)

Animal Animal population (million)

Animal unit

Buffalo 32.7 39.24

Cattle 36.9 36.9

Goats 63.1 18.93

Sheeps 28.4 8.52

Camels 1.0 1.7

Asses 4.8 2.88

Horses 0.4 0.52

Mules 0.2 0.2

ESTIMATED ANNUAL AVAILABILITY OF FEED AND FODDER

Feed stuff Area(mha)

Quantity (mt)

Kharif fodder

Sorghum 0.41 6.31

Millet 0.11 0.76

Ss hybrid 0.10 1.42

Guar 0.21 3,05

Maize 0.09 0.96

Other kharif crops 0.41 6.12

ESTIMATED ANNUAL AVAILABILITY OF FEED AND FODDER

Feed stuff Area(mha)

Quantity (mt)

Rabi fodder

Berseem 0.71 22.61

Lucerne 0.13 5.3

Shaftal 0.02 0.81

Rape and mustard

0.02 0.34

Other rabi crops

0.10 4.22

Total 2.31 51.92

CALCULATION OF ANIMAL CONSUMPTION OF FODDER

IN CASE OF BUFFALO: 39.24 A.U. buffalo=(39.24)(50)(365) =716130 =716 million tons. 50 tonns =1 hacter/year 1tonns =1/50 716 =1/50(716) =14.32 million

hacter

IN CASE OF CATTLE:

36.9 A.U. cattle=36.9x40x365 =538740kg =538.740 million

tons. 50 tonns=1 hacter/year. 1 tonns=1/50 538.740=1/50x538.740 =10.7748 million

hacter

IN CASE OF GOATS:

18.93 A.U. goats=18.93x4x365 =27637.8kg =276.38 million

tons 50 tonns =1 hacter/year 1 tonns =1/50 276.38 =1/50x276.38 =5.5276 million

hacter

IN CASE OF SHEEP:

8.52 A.U. sheep =8.52x4x365 =12439.2 =124.392 million tons. 50 tonns =1 hacter/year 1 tonns =1/50 124.392 =1/50x124.392 =2.48784 million

hacters.

IN CASE OF CAMELS:

1.7 A.U.camels =1.7x55x365 =34127.5 =341.275 million

tons 50 tonns =1 hacter/year 1 tonns =1/50 341.275 ton =1/50x341.275 =6.8255 million

hacters.

IN CASE OF ASSES:

2.88 A.U. asses =2.88x25x365 =26280 =262.80 million

tons 50 tonns =1 hacter/year 1 tonns =1/50 262.80 tonns=1/50x262.80 =5.256 million

hacters.

IN CASES OF HORSES:

0.52 A.U. horses =50x0.52x365. =9490 million tons 50 tonns =1 hacter/year 1 tonns =1/50 949 tonns =1/50x949 =18.98 million

hacters.

IN CASE OF MULES:

0.2 A.U. mules =0.2x45x365 =3285 =328.5 million tons 50 tonns =1 hacter/year 1 tonns =1/50 328.5 tonns =1/50x328.5 =6.57 million

hacters.

THANKS