cal-in activated carbon

8/3/2019 CAL-In Activated Carbon

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(c) 2008 CAL-IN Technology Transfer, L.L.C.

CAL-IN Technology Transfer, L.L.C. | (916) 367-7630 |www.calintec.com

CAL-INs Activated

Activated carbon isrich in history

dating back to thetimes of the ancientHindus, Egyptians

and Greeks.

Proven, modern, state of the art technologyfor a multitude of purification needs

PURIFICATION BYACTIVATED CARBON

PRINCIPLES RICH IN HISTORY

The use of carbon extends back far in time.

Charcoal was used for drinking water filtration

by the ancient Hindus in India, and carbonized

wood was used as a medical adsorbent and

purifying agent by the Egyptians as early as

1500 BC.

Continued on Page 2

HOW DOES ACTIVATED CARBON WORK

The purifying function of activated carbon is

based on this same principle of adsorption

onto carbonized materials.

Continued on Page 3

APPLICATIONS

A wide choice of activated carbons assure the

best fit for your specific process. Whether you

are looking for bulk applications, or for a tailor

made process in fine chemicals production,

CAL-IN can help you select the most

economical solution.Continued on Page 4

CAL-INs line ofactivated carbonsproudly stand up

among theindustrys best

Carbon - Standing up to the test of time

CONTACTUS:

CAL-INTECHNOLOGYTRANSFER

[email protected]

www.calintec. comTELEPHONE

(916)367-7630 FACSIMILE(916)367-7638

Highest rate of adsorption

Egyptians used carbonized wood as a medical adsorbent Coconut shell carbon sweetens
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Activated carbon was first generatedindustrially at the first part of the 20th

century, when carbon activated from

vegetable material was produced for use in

sugar refining.

Powered activated carbon was firstproduced commercially in Europe in the

early 19th century, using wood as a raw

material. This carbon found widespread usein the sugar industry.

In the United States, the firstproduction of activated carbon used black

ash as the source, after it was accidentally

discovered that the ash was very effective in

decolorizing liquids. Activated carbon has

since been used extensively for this purpose

in many industries. In particular, it has been

commonly used for the removal of organic

dyes from textile wastewater.

The first documented use of activated

carbon in a large scale water treatment

application was in 19th century England,

where it was used to remove undesirable

odors and tastes from drinking waters. Use

in the United States for similar purposes

closely followed. In recent years, the use of

activated carbon for the removal of priority

organic pollutants has become very

common. Today, CAL-IN offers numerous

types of activated carbon for a variety of

purposes.

SUMMARY OF ITS USES

The largest market for activated carbon

is currently in the municipal water

purification industry, where charcoal beds

have been used for the dual purpose of

physical filtration and sorption. In fact,

activated carbon filters are used today in

drinking water treatment to remove the

natural organic compounds (i.e., tannins)

that produce carcinogenic chlorinated by-

products during chlorine

disinfection of water. In

wa s t ewa t e r t r ea t ment ,

activated carbon is usually

used as a filter medium intertiary treatment processes. In

these applications, carbon

filters are usually quite

effective in removing low

concentrations of organic

compounds, as well as some

inorganic metals.

In addition to its drinking

water and wastewater applications,

activated carbon is used today for many

other purposes. Some common uses

include: corn and cane sugar refining, gas

adsorption, dry cleaning recovery processes,

pharmaceuticals, fat and oil removal,

electroplating, and alcoholic beverage

production.

The beneficial behavior of carbonized

materials is caused by the phenomenon that

contaminants, organic compounds in most

cases, tend to accumulate on surfaces - a

process commonly referred to as

adsorption. It was adsorption of organic

compounds from water that impeded thegrowth of bacteria in water barrels the

sailors used. Likewise, it was adsorption of

toxins emitted by invading bacteria that

lessened the effects of food poisoning on

Greek intestines.

Columbus sailorshad already learned

that water wouldstay fresh much

longer byblackening theinside of water

barrels with fire.

The ancient Greeksdescribed the use of

charcoal to softenthe effects of food

poisoning longbefore it was used in

modern times.

CAL-IN presents a brief historyof Activated Carbon

Columbus sailors blackened the insides of water barrels
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ADSORPTION

The purifying function of activated carbon

is based upon this same principle of

adsorption onto carbonized materials. It is

the nature of the surface that makes

adsorption occur but, in activated carbon, it

is the sheer size of the surface that makes it

so highly effective; the size of the surface

activates the carbon.

The surface area of activated carbon is

impressive, 500 to 1500 m2/g or even

more; a spoonful of activated carbon is the

same size as the surface area of a soccer

field.

It is in the activation process that this

surface area is created. The most common

process is steam activation; at around 1000

C steam molecules selectively burn holes

into the carbonized raw material, thus

creating a multitude of pores inside the

carbonaceous matrix. In chemicalactivation, phosphoric acid is used to build

up a porous system at a lower temperature.

The prime application of activated

carbon is in purification. It is the vast

porous structure in a carbonaceous matrix

that allows activated carbon to catch

unwanted contaminants from all sorts of

flows, liquid as well as gaseous, in a cost-

effective way. But the unique porous

structure has led to other uses than just

purification alone. for instance, as a catalyst

carrier. Or in gold extraction. And new uses

are still being found today.

RAW MATERIAL USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF

ACTIVATED CARBON Activated carbon is produced from a variety of carbon-rich raw materials,

including wood, coal, peat, coconut shells,

nut shells, bones and fruit stones. CAL-IN

monitors new materials under investigation

as sources for new activated carbon

materials. Almost any organic matter with a

large percentage of carbon could

theoretically be activated to enhance its

sorptive characteristics.

The raw material from which a given

activated carbon is produced often has a

large effect on its porosity distribution and

surface area. Activated carbons produced

from different raw materials may have

much different absorbent qualities. Contact

CAL-IN to learn more about this topic.

Bansal defined

activated carbon,

which includes a

wide range of

amorphous carbon-

based materials

prepared to exhibit a

high degree of

porosity and anextended

interparticulate

surface area.

These qualities impart

activated carbon with

excellent adsorbent

characteristics that

make carbon very

useful for a variety of

processes, includingfiltration, purification,

deodorization,

decolorization,

purification and

separation.

Nutshells, including coconut shells and pecan shells, produce activated carbons with high micropore volumes Wood - most common source of carbon
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FOOD AND BEVERAGE

CAL-IN offers and sells food grade

carbons of controlled purity in a wide

array of applications. Whatever you

eat, there is a chance that CAL-INs

activated carbon was used in producing

it. Our strictly food grade carbons are

successfully applied at any scale of

operation you may have, from large

bottling plants to small wineries. CAL-

INs experience in potable water

purification has led to a balanced and

tailor made series of activated carbon

types.

PHARMA In pharmaceutical industries,reliability, continuity and partnerships

are the central themes. CAL-IN strives

to deliver just that, by offering a range

of carbons in the highest purity,

meeting any pharmaceutical industry

standard and quality control under

GMP procedures, backed by dedicated

application support.

CHEMICALS

A wide choice of activated carbons

assure the best fit for your specific

process. Whether you are looking for

bulk applications, or for a tailor made

process in fine chemicals production,

CAL-IN can help you select the most

economical solution.

WASTEWATER

Price/performance and easy-to-

use solutions are CAL-INs focal points

in the wastewater purification markets.

Our focus on cost-effectiveness in

environmentally sound solutions is

further stressed by our reactivation

services, where purification is

optimized while minimizing carbon

consumption.

CAL-IN TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER, LLC

CAL-IN supplies products,

installations and services for the water,

beverage, food, gas-air, automotive,

mining, chemical and pharmaceutical

industries. We offer a wide variety of

activated carbons to meet your specific

needs. Contact us today for a free

quotation to serve your application.

CAL-IN has offices in The United

States and Mexico. Our parent

company has served clients since 1963.

CAL-IN offers both powder and granularactivated carbon for various applicationsCONTACT CAL-IN TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TODAY FOR A QUOTATION

Knowing how to preserve art with distilled water I can trust...thanks CAL-IN Ancient sailors valued carbon
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