ca in haryana india: past experiences and future plans. ashok k yadav
DESCRIPTION
A presentation from the WCCA 2011 conference in Brisbane.TRANSCRIPT
Conservation Agriculture in Haryana India: Past
Experiences & Future Plans
Ashok Kumar YadavDirector General (Agriculture)
Government of Haryana, India
Haryana: Agricultural FactsGeographical
Area• 1.4% of country• 4.4 mha• 85% under cultivation
Cropping Systems
• Rice-wheat (1.2 mha)• Cotton-Wheat (0.6 mha)• Sugarcane-Wheat (0.06
mha)
Food-grain production increase2.6 mt in 1966-67, 16.6 mt in 2010-11Six-fold increase in total production, Rice (16 fold), Wheat (11 fold)
Agricultural Achievements2nd largest contributor in country food basket Awarded “Krishi Karman Award” for best performance in wheat production 2010-11
Achievements in Principal Crops
Crop Production (million tonnes) Increase
1966-67 2010-11
Rice 0.22 3.47 > 15 times
Bajra 0.37 11.85 > 3 times
Wheat 1.1 11.63 10 times
Food grain Production
2.59 16.13 6 times
Mustard 0.08 0.94 > 11 times
Cotton (in million bales)
0.29 1.75 > 6 times
Sugarcane 0.51 6.04 > 11 times
Monotonous Cropping System
No diversification
Soil Health
Imbalance input use
Factor productivity
Over-exploitation of natural resources
Water intensive
Tillage intensive
Fuel intensive
Labor intensive
Poor quality water
Residue Management
Residue burning
Alternate option
Changing climate
Terminal heat
High GHG
Abrupt micro-climate
Constitution of Farmers’ Commission: Policy Reforms
Constitution of Working Group of Key Agricultural Issues for Action Plan: One on CA
Prioritized Investment in Agriculture
Organizing Stakeholders Interactions for Better Understanding and Implementation
Prioritized Promotion of Conservation Agriculture Technologies
Government Action on Key Issues
Integrating Conservation Agriculture with State
SchemesGovernment of Haryana and Government of India Schemes:• National Food Security Mission (NFSM):
US$ 7.5 million • Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY):
US$ 40 million • National Horticulture Mission:
US$ 22.6 million • Accelerated Fodder Development Programme: US$ 3.5 million
• Other minor schemes
Basic, Strategic and
Adaptive Research
• CCS Haryana Agricultural University
• ICAR Institutes• Krishi Vigyan Kendra• International Organizations• Sate Agricultural Department• NGOs & Private Sector
Policy Guidelines
• Agriculture Department, Govt. of Haryana
• Agriculture Department, Govt. of India
• Farmer Commission, Govt. of Haryana
• SAU
Delivery
and
Adaptatio
n of
Technologi
es
•Agricultural Department, Govt. of Haryana•KVKs & Private Sector•CCS Haryana Agricultural University•Farmer Groups•Progressive Farmers•ICAR Institutes•Krishi Vigyan Kendra•International Organizations
Pathway: Last Milestone Delivery
Benefits:• Saves 20-25% irrigation water• Improves input use efficiency • Improves crop productivity 5-10%
• Saves electricity/energy to the
tune of 900 units/ha/rice season• Employment generation of 350
man days/machine
Laser Land leveling- a Water Revolution
Conservation Agriculture: Experience to address major issues
Haryana Govt. Policies:• Subsidy @ 50% upto INR 50000 per implement • Promote custom Hiring• Demonstration at each District and KVK level• Govt. procurement for custom hiring basis• Training of Laser Leveler service providers
Benefits:• Timely sowing of crop• Increase in productivity by 5 to 10%• Less weed infestation • Saves INR 2000/ha• Irrigation water Saving -15-20%• Improves Soil health• Prevents burning of crop residue
thereby reduces pollution
Area to be covered 2011-12 : 0.6 mha
Cost of Machine Rs. 30000/-
Farm Machinery Promotion: Conservation Agriculture
Govt. Policies:• Create CA machinery Banks with Farmer cooperatives in the
Blocks;• Reduce/ eliminate incentives from tillage machineryto CA
machinery• Create a policy environment that enable farmer to buy quality
machines from nearby retail outlets of Haryali, IFFCO, Kribhco Tata Sansar, and KVKs etc. at subsidized rate.
• Facilitate development of new implements based on quality and allow open competition in the industry
• Introduce new prototypes of cultivator, double disk openers and harrows,
• Promote off baring machine, cotton stubble cutters etc..
Straw Reaper Benefits:• Converts crop residue into fodder • Avoids burning of stubbles• Collection of additional grain
Govt. Policy:• Subsidy @ 50% i.e INR 40000 per implement• Plan to subsidize 1000 straw reapers
Benefits:
• Harvesting and binding in single operation
• Harvest wheat, paddy, oats, barley and other grain crops of height up to 85 to 110 cm
• Field capacity is 1acre/hr
Govt. Policy:
• Subsidy INR 40,000/- per machine
• 500 Reaper binder target for current year
Reaper Binder
Straw Bailer Paddy, wheat and sugarcane straw baled better storage 2 Bailers purchased by Agril. Department Covered 500 ha. in 2010-11 and target 2000 ha. in 2011-12
Happy SeederBenefits: Enables sowing in preceding crop stublesAvoids burning of paddy straw and environment pollutionImprove Soil fertilityIncreases organic matter & water retention capacity of soilGovt. Policy:Promotion of Happy Seeder from ensuing Rabi 2011-12.1000 demonstrations in year 2011-12 Subsidy of INR 40000 per machine (in plan)
Benefits:• Saves 10-30 % irrigation water• Saves input cost and net incomeGovt. Policy:• 800 demonstrations in next season• Subsidy of INR 7500 per ha provided for the promotion of DSR• Plan to bring 0.3 mha of Basmati rice under DSR • Procuring 500 reaper binder for current year
Direct Seeded Rice
Other Technologies promotion:• Promotion of relay wheat cropping in standing cotton• Promotion of relay munbean in wheat crop• Promotion of zero tillage in Guar crop based systems• Promote raised bed intercropping system in Sugarcane based
systems• Promotion of zero-till system in fodder crops
Rotavator- MisuseWhat’s heppening ?? Policy reforms
•Misused for puddling and planting•Promotes residue burning •Promote broadcasting of seed & fertilizers •Creates sub-soil compaction (hard pan) •Consumes more energy, fuel, reduces tractor life• Temporary water logging at establishment stage, yellowing of crop • Farmers have to apply extra dose of N /P fertilizer (50Kg/ha)
Relocate rotavator subsidy to turbo-happy seeder and multi-crop planters
Sensitize farmers and Govt. departments on ill effects of rotavators
Future Strategies for CA3.0 mha under laser levelling upto 2017
50 % cultivated area to be brought under CA
0.5 mha of Basmati area to be under DSR by 2017
0.12 mha area under zero tillage upto 2014
0.2mha under Turbo Seeder sowing by 2013
Diversify 0.2 mha area from rice to maize
Raised bed sugarcane inter-cropping in 0.05 mha
Relay cropping of wheat in 50% Cotton area
Future Strategies for CAResidue retention for nutrient recycling, soil moisture retention, reduce transpiration
Promote micro-irrigation systems
Promote surface residue retention
Better weed management practices
Cultivar choices for CA
Promote Public private partnership for CA
Linking problematic areas with soil health cards
Mapping of problematic soils and link to CA
Capacity Building and Improving Communication with Extension Agents and
Farmers
Include CA in the course curriculum at the graduate level and master and PhD degree programs on CA in SAU
Farmer participatory seed systems and seed cooperatives for quality seed
Long-term research platform trials & farmer participatory trial
Strong public-private partnership for knowledge sharing on inputs, markets, weather etc
Across agro-ecologies farmer interactions through farmer schools, exposure visits, traveling seminars
Research Initiations on CA
Double no-till in non RW system
Nutrient & water management in CA
Integrating CA with salinity-alkalinity research-Salt movement??
Develop agronomic practices for intercropping systems
Research on herbicide usage and in residue mulches
Real Time Access to Information –ICTs
A Model of CIMMYT glex
Help farmers by providing precise and value added information when they need:• New Practices/technologies• Forecasts• Market• Inputs & Services
Local ICAR Institutes
CCSHAU
State Deptt of Agri
KVKs
Media
CSISA Hub (CIMMYT/
IRRI)
Private Sector
Young Farmers Forum
Cooperative Society(Participatory adaption of CA technologies, Service windows, Farmer meets, travelling seminars, field
days)
CA modules farmers
CA adopters
CA modules farmers
CA adopters
CA modules farmers
CA adopters
Innovative Pathways for Technology Adaptation and Dissemination
Farmer Commission Report on CA: Govt. of Haryana
ByRaj Gupta, ML Jat, RK Malik, YS Saharawat
