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Chapter 7: Traffic Control Equipment

and Road Furniture (TCERF)

CC 302 Highway Engineering

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Introduction

Definition oftraffic control devices

(TCD) :-

Traffic control devices include all trafficsigns, traffic lights, road signs, and other

devices placed on or sight of a street or

highway by the public authorities

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BASICCHARACTERISTIC

OF TCD

Fulfill the

needs of

traffic

Get the

attention

of traffic

Convey a clear,simple

meaning

Get

appreciationfrom road users

Provide ample

time for roadusers to react

correctly

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REQUIREMENT OF TCD

Design of devices

Placement of devices

Operation / applicationof devices

Maintenance of devices

Uniformityof devices

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ii) WARNING SIGN

Warning signs direct attention to conditions on or

adjacent to a street or highway those arepotentially hazardous to traffic operations. Suchsigns require motorists to exercise caution, reducespeed, or make some maneuver in the interest oftheir own safety or that of other motorists orpedestrians

Examples of warning signs are curve signs (showingcurved arrow), STOP AHEAD signs, PAVEMENTENDS signs, and advisory speed plates. The latter

signs supplement other types of warning signs.Warning signs have a black legend and borderplaced on a yellow background. With but fewexceptions, warning signs have a diamond shape.

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iii) INFORMATORY SIGNS

Guide signs indicate route designations,directions, distances, point of interest, andother geographic or cultural information.

Other examples of guide signs includeJUNCTION signs, DETOUR signs, REST AREAsigns, and service signs (FOOD, GAS,LODGING, etc ).

Sign board like this normally provided withcolor blue as background and symbol or whitewhich write by hand.

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GUIDANCE/INFORMATION DEVICES

Guide signs indicate route designations,

directions, distances, point of interest

and other geographic or culturalinformation

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ROAD SIGNS OR ROAD

MARKINGS

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ROAD SIGNS OR ROAD MARKINGS

Defined as lines, symbols, words, numbers or

other recorded instrument, or mounted on the

sill of the road surface or road.

In contrast to the traffic signs, markers continued

to provide information to motorists.

Signs are divided into two:-Signs on the road surface (permukaan)

- Signs on the object path (pada objek)

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PURPOSE OF ROAD SIGNS

To mark the class path.

To give the user access to the user.

To be a reference to the road authorities.

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TYPE OF MATERIAL USED IN THE ROAD

SIGNS

PAINT S (reflectorised and non-reflectorised)

THERMOPLASTIC (reflectorised and non-

reflectorised)

PREFORMED PLASTIC TAPES(pita plastik pra

bentuk)

MARK ARISING (tanda timbul )

Proof POWDER LANE (serbuk jalur pemantul)

OTHER MATERIALS

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PLASTIK HABA (TERMOPLASTIC)

Bahan yang dibekalkan dalm blok atau serbuk

Sekiranya dibekalkan dalam blok ia perlu dipecahkan dalambentuk kecil dan dimasak dalam mesin pembakar yangmempunyai penggaul mekanikal.

Begitu juga dengan hamparan di mana suhu dikawal agarmematuhi spesifikasi pembekal.

Ketebalan hamparan bahan bergantung kepada kehendakspesifikasi serta jenis garisan atau tanda atas jalan rayasama ada garisan memanjang, mellintang atau anak panah.

Julat ketebalannya adalah antara 2mm 5mm. Jenis bahan termoplastik terbahagi kepada 2 iaitu :- Tergelek tuang panas

Tergelek sejuk

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PLASTIK HABA (TERMOPLASTIC)

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TANDA TIMBUL

Digunakan di kawasan yang tidak tedapat

kerja-kerja menolak salji atau penggunaan

tayar berpaku.

Tanda ini sangat baik pada waktu malam dan

cuaca basah.

Tanda ini timbul setinggi 0.62cm 2.3cm.

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SERBUK JALUR PEMANTUL CAHAYA

Baru sahaja dimajukan dan boleh digunakan

sebagai tanda jalan bebas segera juga di

lintasan pejalan kaki, kawasan sekolah dan

lain-lain.

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BAHAN-BAHAN LAIN

Paku keluli tahan karat dan bahan tambahan

lain seperti manik kaca yang terutamanya

dicampur dengan cat yang telah digunakan.

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ROAD SIGNS or ROAD MARKINGS

Road signs or road markings on pavement dividedinto lines, symbols, words, numbers or othersmaterial that painted or paste on the surface of

the road. Five (5) generals class of markings:-

Pavement markings

Curb markings

Object markings Delineators

Colored pavement

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Pavement mark

Curb markings

Object markings

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Delineators

Coloredpavement

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MATERIALS IN ROAD MARKINGS

Paints (reflectorised andnon-reflectorised)

Thermoplastic (reflectorisedand non-reflectorised)

Preformed plastic tapes

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COLOR USED IN ROAD MARK

All pavement markings shall be white in

color.

Yellow paint may be used at:a) Yellow boxes in the urban areas

b) kerb markings showing parking prohibitionscovered by signs or ordinance.

c) parking bays for taxis, buses and pedestriancrossings.

d) Yellow bars at approaches to roundabouts andcrosswalks.

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TYPES OF ROAD MARKINGS LINES

Longitudinal lines

Transverse lines

Diagonal and chevron markings

Ordering on pavement Arrows

Entry sign to railroad crossings

Vehicle parking area limit

Yellow box

Transverse yellow bars

Paved road shoulder sign

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Longitudinal linesDiagonal and chevron markings

Transverse lines

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ROAD STUDS

When road condition is wet, reflectorized road

lines with reflectorized road studs is much

needed.

3 types of road studs:-

i. Cats eye

ii. Corner cube

iii. Ceramic

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CATS EYE

Cats eye

consists of 2

parts:-

Metal base

Rubber pad

insert into eachside

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CORNER CUBE

Corner cube hasindividual reflectors in

each face of the stud

consists ofthree sidesof cube

It give 20 times more

light than cats eye at adistance of 100 mm

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CERAMIC ROAD STUDSCharacteristic of Ceramic

Road studs:-

Consisting of a heat-fired,

vitreous & ceramic base

and a heat-fired, opaque& glazed surface to

produce the properties

Ceramic markers' glazeprotects against rainy

days with excellent

visibility.

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ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF

ROAD STUDS

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Provide great visibility for drivers at

night and during bad weather

conditions.

Costly

Prevent fatal accidents and serious

injuries caused by hidden and hard-to-

see center lines.

Maintenances require

Maximize the drivers ability to

operate and maneuver through dark

spots, or dangerous sharp-curved