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A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e
Chapter 10:Chapter 10:
Social Class in the United Social Class in the United
StatesStates
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 2
WealthWealth
Distinction Between Wealth and IncomeDistinction Between Wealth and Income
Distribution of PropertyDistribution of Property
Distribution of IncomeDistribution of Income
What is Social Class?What is Social Class?
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 3
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 4
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 5
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 6
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 7
WealthWealth
Distinction Between Wealth and IncomeDistinction Between Wealth and Income
Distribution of PropertyDistribution of Property
Distribution of IncomeDistribution of Income
PowerPower
What is Social Class?What is Social Class?
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 8
Occupations and PrestigeOccupations and Prestige
They Pay MoreThey Pay More
They Require More EducationThey Require More Education
They Entail More Abstract ThoughtThey Entail More Abstract Thought
They Offer Greater AutonomyThey Offer Greater Autonomy
Displaying PrestigeDisplaying Prestige
PrestigePrestige
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 9
Ordinarily Wealth, Power, Ordinarily Wealth, Power,
and Prestige are Similar - and Prestige are Similar -
Status ConsistentStatus Consistent
When they Don’t Match - When they Don’t Match -
Status InconsistentStatus Inconsistent
Status InconsistencyStatus Inconsistency
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 10
Updating MarxUpdating Marx
CapitalistsCapitalists
Petty BourgeoisiePetty Bourgeoisie
ManagersManagers
WorkersWorkers
Sociological Models of Social Class
Sociological Models of Social Class
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 11
Updating WeberUpdating Weber
Capitalist ClassCapitalist Class
The Upper Middle ClassThe Upper Middle Class
The Lower Middle ClassThe Lower Middle Class
The Working ClassThe Working Class
The Working PoorThe Working Poor
The UnderclassThe Underclass
Sociological Models of Social Class
Sociological Models of Social Class
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 12
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 13
The Fords - Capitalist ClassThe Fords - Capitalist Class
Ford Executives - Lower Capitalist ClassFord Executives - Lower Capitalist Class
Owner Ford Dealership - Upper MiddleOwner Ford Dealership - Upper Middle
Ford Salesperson - Lower Middle ClassFord Salesperson - Lower Middle Class
Ford Mechanics - Working ClassFord Mechanics - Working Class
Ford Detailer - Working PoorFord Detailer - Working Poor
Car Lot Cleaner - UnderclassCar Lot Cleaner - Underclass
Social Class in the Auto Industry - Ford
Social Class in the Auto Industry - Ford
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 14
Physical HealthPhysical Health
Mental HealthMental Health
Consequences of Social Class
Consequences of Social Class
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 15
Family LifeFamily Life
Choices of Husbands and WivesChoices of Husbands and Wives
DivorceDivorce
Child RearingChild Rearing
Consequences of Social Class
Consequences of Social Class
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 16
EducationEducation
ReligionReligion
PoliticsPolitics
Consequences of Social Class
Consequences of Social Class
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 17
Crime and the Judicial SystemCrime and the Judicial System
Social Class and the Changing EconomySocial Class and the Changing Economy
Consequences of Social Class
Consequences of Social Class
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 18
Three TypesThree Types
IntergenerationalIntergenerational UpwardUpward
DownwardDownward
StructuralStructural
ExchangeExchange
Social MobilitySocial Mobility
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 19
Women and Social MobilityWomen and Social Mobility
Studies of BoysStudies of Boys
More Recent Studies with GirlsMore Recent Studies with Girls
Social MobilitySocial Mobility
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 20
Apple Doesn’t Fall Far From TreeApple Doesn’t Fall Far From Tree
The Pain of Social MobilityThe Pain of Social Mobility
Interpreting Statistics on Social Mobility
Interpreting Statistics on Social Mobility
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 21
Who are Poor?Who are Poor?
Drawing the Poverty LineDrawing the Poverty Line
GeographyGeography
PovertyPoverty
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 22
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 23
Who are Poor?Who are Poor?
Drawing the Poverty LineDrawing the Poverty Line
GeographyGeography
Race-EthnicityRace-Ethnicity
PovertyPoverty
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 24
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 25
Who are Poor?Who are Poor?
Drawing the Poverty LineDrawing the Poverty Line
GeographyGeography
Race-EthnicityRace-Ethnicity
EducationEducation
PovertyPoverty
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 26
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 27
Who are Poor? Who are Poor?
Feminization of PovertyFeminization of Poverty
PovertyPoverty
Old AgeOld Age
Children of PovertyChildren of Poverty
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 28
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 29
Most are LazyMost are Lazy
Poor are Trapped and Few EscapePoor are Trapped and Few Escape
Most are Latino and African-AmericanMost are Latino and African-American
Myths About the PoorMyths About the Poor
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 30
Most are Single Mothers and KidsMost are Single Mothers and Kids
Most Live in Inner CityMost Live in Inner City
Most are on WelfareMost are on Welfare
Myths About the PoorMyths About the Poor
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 31
Culture of PovertyCulture of Poverty
Most Poverty is Short-livedMost Poverty is Short-lived
Dynamics of PovertyDynamics of Poverty
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 32
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 33
Culture of PovertyCulture of Poverty
Most Poverty is Short-livedMost Poverty is Short-lived
Number of Poor Relatively StableNumber of Poor Relatively Stable
Dynamics of PovertyDynamics of Poverty
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 34
Social StructureSocial Structure
Features of SocietyFeatures of Society
Characteristics of IndividualsCharacteristics of Individuals
Why are People Poor?Why are People Poor?
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 35
Welfare Reform Welfare Reform
Welfare Restructured in 1996Welfare Restructured in 1996
Deferred GratificationDeferred Gratification
PovertyPoverty
Chapter 10: Social Class in the United StatesCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 36
Where is Horatio Alger?Where is Horatio Alger?
Social Functions of a MythSocial Functions of a Myth
PovertyPoverty
A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e
Chapter 10:Chapter 10:
Social Class in the United Social Class in the United
StatesStates