c all to f reedom holt holt, rinehart and winston 1865 to the present 1 immigrants and the cities...

CCALL TOALL TOFFREEDOMREEDOM

HOLT

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON

1865 to the Present

1

IMMIGRANTS AND THE CITIESIMMIGRANTS AND THE CITIES(1870-1900)(1870-1900)Section 1:Section 1: A New Wave of Immigrants A New Wave of Immigrants

Section 2:Section 2: City Life City Life

Section 3:Section 3: Society and Culture Society and Culture

Chapter 7


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OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Why did immigrants come to the United Why did immigrants come to the United

States, and where did they come from during States, and where did they come from during the late 1800the late 1800’’s?s?

What was life in the United States like for What was life in the United States like for immigrants in the late 1800immigrants in the late 1800 ’’s?s?

How did some Americans try to limit How did some Americans try to limit immigration?immigration?

Section 1: Section 1: A New Wave of ImmigrantsA New Wave of Immigrants


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Reasons for Immigration to the U.S. Reasons for Immigration to the U.S. During the Late 1800During the Late 1800’’ss for employmentfor employment to escape political problems and religious to escape political problems and religious

persecutionpersecution

These These new immigrantsnew immigrants came from countries in came from countries in southern and eastern Europe such as southern and eastern Europe such as Czechoslovakia, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, and Russia.and Russia.



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Life in the U.S. for ImmigrantsLife in the U.S. for Immigrants Faced poorly run processing centers upon Faced poorly run processing centers upon

arrival to the U.S. such as the one opened on arrival to the U.S. such as the one opened on Ellis IslandEllis Island in New York harbor in New York harbor

Faced a very different life from their homelands Faced a very different life from their homelands and formed their own neighborhoodsand formed their own neighborhoods

Founded organizations to help preserve their Founded organizations to help preserve their beliefs and customsbeliefs and customs



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Life in the U.S. for ImmigrantsLife in the U.S. for Immigrants Opened local shops and small banksOpened local shops and small banks Found city life difficultFound city life difficult Formed Formed tenementstenements Formed Formed benevolent societiesbenevolent societies to offer aid to offer aid Tried to adopt American customsTried to adopt American customs Faced discrimination in the workforce such as low Faced discrimination in the workforce such as low

pay and long hourspay and long hours

tenementstenements – poorly built, overcrowded apartments – poorly built, overcrowded apartments


(continued)


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Opposition to ImmigrationOpposition to Immigration NativistsNativists – those that opposed immigrants – used – those that opposed immigrants – used

violence against immigrants and passed laws, such as violence against immigrants and passed laws, such as the Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) banning Chinese the Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) banning Chinese people from immigration to the U.S. for 10 years.people from immigration to the U.S. for 10 years.

Founded in 1894, the Founded in 1894, the Immigration Restriction LeagueImmigration Restriction League demanded that all immigrants prove that they could demanded that all immigrants prove that they could read and write before they entered the U.S. read and write before they entered the U.S.



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OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Why did so many people move to cities, and Why did so many people move to cities, and

what problems resulted from rapid urban what problems resulted from rapid urban growth?growth?

What developments in public spaces What developments in public spaces improved the quality of city life?improved the quality of city life?

How did city residents organize to deal with How did city residents organize to deal with the challenges of urban life?the challenges of urban life?

Section 2:Section 2:City LifeCity Life


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Movement to the CitiesMovement to the Cities New farm machinery reduced the need for New farm machinery reduced the need for

farm labor.farm labor. African Americans moved to northern cities African Americans moved to northern cities

seeking jobs, to escape discrimination and to seeking jobs, to escape discrimination and to find better economic opportunities.find better economic opportunities.



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New Places for the PublicNew Places for the Public Public parks enhanced the cityPublic parks enhanced the city ’’s image and s image and

improved city life.improved city life. Public libraries and museums were founded to Public libraries and museums were founded to

educate and serve the people.educate and serve the people. Department storesDepartment stores, or giant retail shops, , or giant retail shops,

opened.opened.



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City Residents Organize to Deal with City Residents Organize to Deal with Challenges of Urban LifeChallenges of Urban Life Benevolent societiesBenevolent societies – associations that helped – associations that helped

injured or unemployed members – were formed.injured or unemployed members – were formed. African American religious groups aided the urban African American religious groups aided the urban

community.community. Private organizations aided the poor.Private organizations aided the poor. Settlement houses were opened such as ChicagoSettlement houses were opened such as Chicago ’’s s

Hull HouseHull House..



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OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES What new forms of popular entertainment What new forms of popular entertainment

developed in the late 1800developed in the late 1800 ’’s?s? How did American literature and publishing How did American literature and publishing

change in the late 1800change in the late 1800 ’’s?s? In the late 1800In the late 1800’’s, what new styles of art and s, what new styles of art and

methods of photography were developed?methods of photography were developed?

Section 3:Section 3:Society and CultureSociety and Culture


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Popular Forms of Entertainment Popular Forms of Entertainment in the late 1800in the late 1800’’ss Forms of Forms of mass culturemass culture – leisure and cultural – leisure and cultural

activities shared by many peopleactivities shared by many people WorldWorld’’s fairs – such as the s fairs – such as the Philadelphia CentennialPhiladelphia Centennial

ExpositionExposition in l876 in l876 Amusement parks like Amusement parks like Coney IslandConey Island in New York in New York

CityCity Athletic events on the college and professional levelAthletic events on the college and professional level



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Changes in American Literature and Changes in American Literature and Publishing in the Late 1800Publishing in the Late 1800’’ss Publishing revolution made books more Publishing revolution made books more

affordable.affordable. To interest a growing audience, authors used To interest a growing audience, authors used

new story settings, locations, and writing new story settings, locations, and writing styles like styles like realismrealism..

realismrealism – writing style that presented accurate images – writing style that presented accurate images of American societyof American society



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New Styles of Art in the Late 1800New Styles of Art in the Late 1800’’ss Members of the Hudson River School started Members of the Hudson River School started

a unique type of painting that celebrated the a unique type of painting that celebrated the land in the western U.S.land in the western U.S.

Other American painters used a distinct style Other American painters used a distinct style of watercolor painting.of watercolor painting.



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New Methods of Photography New Methods of Photography in the Late 1800in the Late 1800’’ss Photography offered another way of creating Photography offered another way of creating

realistic images of the world and realistic images of the world and George George EastmanEastman made improvements on the camera. made improvements on the camera.

Newspapers used black-and-white photos Newspapers used black-and-white photos more widely.more widely.

Art photography grew in popularity.Art photography grew in popularity.


c all to f reedom holt holt, rinehart and winston 1865 to the present 1 immigrants and the cities...

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