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1998 CEDAR Workshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998 Tutorial Lecture by Michael Mendillo Boston University Equatorial Aeronomy

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Page 1: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

1998 CEDAR WorkshopBoulder, Colorado

June 7-12,1998

Tutorial Lecture

by Michael MendilloBoston University

Equatorial Aeronomy

Page 2: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Tc/ToRMC I Bc(^AT0R14L ABR(?k/QMy—^icii)e/ Aienii'//# —

JLO Xukt

OUTHW£

• G-OALS :

— Tohos^lth'c P^jsics

-fot s d Misery

^ Xh$^H4<Ht«i"6 c'fua"tohJ / Tkti'tHos^lthic ehP<ioM^ "J

/he It^^Jes lokiii^ioiy

* t-py

—Review- o'f Vlijhos'Lic Te^nKic^nti-T«J.-i.Wl 'Rew-e.. ]—T^hoAeh ^ew'ieiv f^p-th jcoi^pHiliti^sii^ei

' ' O'f I( Coh'itil^ciitcftts

^g'/trcmei

•kdle^♦ Ini. i\ 3/IST^^Syf'ff

Page 3: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

PR(?PUCT|0V OF lo^/osfHEHwtaeweasB—..eangeeggnBWHBSVBiaaflBaBieBaeHseBHaeessBBeBBweHHSBiMB

- Sd/j»- ^UV + 0—^ 0*^+6*

(1)

A

F" ie')

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Ve

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A/e<

* Lohe^euii^ due "fco Ci) vj.

his Sintllesi. H.

tiocAL TiHE

Page 4: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

+2^ </i|> /fh'luJe.

ExnCTATtOA/$ FoA LowLATiri/t>£ loA/csMefte

• Mikofr\X'1oopHv^ hWt ==>'» " Bf-fcch

veAicil

/ MilfOh

SetschilMifhdic Ei-fccis

j^B W/'iiih Jo^(Oj:y}ie^c ~>• t^lhol- ckshjes

^eojoi jyJie'̂ 'C Siofhtj»t^o 3Ulretil jJt-i^c.i^i'li'i.ioH -L»

tteJuce. Stnlll Sc)/tA/c / Ilh"i les

8 HiOS'i/j Ir^oHioh'iil ==>#?/3SM3 c/m hiitics ikIuc-I ^3

h/piiAn! Wi'hJs C^m.) SHill.

=2^^ C«sj</'>

T)e.^niuHs -ftOh^ CkifHih-like" teiifc'iV •/4a/pm^l/E5 us. Xhf^Roveo Jhj^sics

Page 5: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Theoretical approachGeophysical Inputs:

Neutral densities

Neutral wind

Neutral temperatureSolar flux

Energetic particle precipitationElectron temperatureIon temperatureElectric field

Magnetic field

GLOBAL IONOSPHERIC MODELING OF GEOMAGNETIC STORMS Slide 3

Page 6: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Equatian. of Motion

K. dVi ^ _ _ _Njmi =Nimi g-V(Nj k Tj) + eNj(E +Vj x b )

- Nj mj z/jn(Vi-U )-Ninnii/ji^(Vi-Vk)-Njmji/je(V|-Ve)

Continuity Equation

+V.(Ni Vj) - P -L

aNi - _ _Vjj_. VNj P-L-V.(NjVj^^)-Nj V. Vjj.

V- - ill

(Mk /Mdl

Page 7: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

63P»/i 4, tropical arcs

F REGION lONIZATION

TRANSPORT

E REGION

MAGNETIC EQUATOR

\

v-si';ai».v-''A«(!»; •_-.j'y'.i^,.i •';>5 „ iA

* h..

Page 8: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

i «

NMAX

(10^

cc)

0/

<cj

>o%

^^

oo

cy

<y

^^

oo

cycj

oo

oo

oo

•*

•'

tr

NM

AX

(10^

cc)

^o

oo

oo

^O

OO

OC

)p

po

oo

c?^

^^

^'

fI

f

m ni

o -H o "V rn

r- s 0 5 K Cn 1

o « ?»

Page 9: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

&PS Total Elbctron Contbut

MOA/THiy ME/A/TCC.: Bofoh'/ittju.yj-SlitiiJfO

Wimik

msm.

im

i

Page 10: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Jlcamarca October 1-2, 1970

1000 I I . I I • I

400 -

^ 800

^ 400

T—I—i—I—I—I—r0600 LT

Log Density (cm'®)I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I

2000 LT

Log Density (cm"^)

5 400

> Observed Drift

® Zero Drift

1200 LT

Log Density (cm'®)1000

400-

5 6

Log Density (cm"®)

0000 LT

Obsemi N^Ch)

O.AHOSfiSOM

Page 11: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

D/naho Models fpr Xo^oipHsmc D/hpts

(0

E

Q

"o

CO

$>—*

V)(0

HI

w

E

COo

v_

o

>

100--

I I I I I I I 11 I i I I 1111 I I I I I I

JicamarcaGrain et al. (1993]

OI^AL

WEST

" Vertical drift

Pte-%vtir3»t

eVtrSJ

9 12 15 18 21

Local Time

K Dcm/

Mcw'tl'il W'tv^is { lOhSjC," Xfi-ssp 5

B/ec+hc Fie/Js Cjuje P/jsHa 3)hf'tj

Koue iohifi'6io«t 'h.khm^I)H Hg.

( SciJe

Page 12: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

90

60

u;Q3

^ 0H-

<

-30

Examples of Wia/osAAJO 7BhPBKATUf(es5

4=>A^ZZZ

k \ \ I «

A -t- 1 -V \ ^ - -

-60 =

Hmnr: zooHh

-90 /• ! (~~<r^\ ^ ,- -*

12

LOCAL TIME

frf/T = xto

13.

LOCAL TIME

34

3ries£tire ciirfiw^^

Page 13: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

• P-^£6-/0A> Oh'f'ts

Po^"!: -SWhSet coh Ji i I*0H5 : V-H-* If ^Ce»s-4) j ChoM)

°i?-j 'ff(K-i)0^ J/sfl/jfci ^ ^-A -» -i

A?

g> Bo CJowh) : \A Co^i-c') ' xS^ ^ B'

l/a '̂C^^bX ^B_ QB'

00/^K B^s'Lvi/h-J U/IwJ jitoJuces Bssiu^itJ Phsttj Oh'{i'̂̂ Col^filiciiiohs '^ ^ A 7f

0^olc o'f V''+

0VctiicilHotiivh'̂ l ^nJit-chs

fXoh OhJ

Page 14: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

P REGION lONIZATION

20 N

.a i 'M.v?*-

v*-

'• • " "'."V-.A • r __•. _.r

EXB

F REGION

E REGION

MAGNETIC EQUATOR

f r«»jv •'•' y.li 1

^ ^ -t A/i ^^ ^ ^ ^ I V'"- '

Iv v*A'i S \ %' " *5'

1

Page 15: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

WIA/D5 Aa/H

TL^ShA DRIFTS

-M/Sei/I-"

Arbc^liip^ ^

A^ph^jI

/ ALL-Sk^'

II". M>,X Ohosoh

Hk

OA

Page 16: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Effec'h

9 Shi'f't^ ih LT o'f f Vtiriial Het/tt-sils.

• J) isiutlf^J DyHJinO (/^Utonl Xhftihy-- yiiiHoSfithic ^isUflfikees (T^^O)

#M,*AiyU Ptcssii^c %Jfc (TiJil XH^et)cli0Hs)^A Tn CK) fh?w> Seisoml Mea^

(V) Zo f 'J lo t iiTh

3 o.y -1

Tn ^9O0'l00of(

f-2o 'U>

12 2o—I h("A/) 2® T

lo

O -

'lo

.20 4

^/n

\

0+

MsyttiMej"f Oh'tii^iiioits -_

Vai-M

Nisht-io^igUV- Seisohs

2 4 LT—I 1—

Conse^HChces:

•4 ^ioh3

Page 17: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

X

Geometry of "Brightness Waves"

/ IMAGER \I FOV 1

^ PMTMVsnA

1 IMAGER \1 FOV j

w

E

IH

^viS

PRE.MIDNIGIITBW

ORIENTATION ANGLE

CALCULATION

AVG. PRE-MIDNIGHT 0 = 4S

e = tan'(V,/V,J

Vw =Earth's corotation speed

Vns =Apparent meridional velocity

Observable :VnsDerived : 0 - Orientation ofnightly

MTM pattern

MTM

MIDNIGHT BW

ORIENTATION ANGLE

CALCULATION

1?93 AVG. MIDNIGHT e = -52

1?94 AVG. MIDNIGHT e=.4S

Page 18: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

10

I1-

12

3

o 14w

LU 16Q31—

18

1-20

22

14 OCTOBER 1993 AREQUlPA, PERU 300km 6300A

4:00 5:00TIME (UT)

weather conditions

t

Page 19: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998
Page 20: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

F fZ Ot&mvATteMSAifP

COMPARISON OF TIEGCM AND MSIS86 NEUTRAL TEMPERATURE MODELS

LUCC3

1200

1100

1000

g 900Q.

111h-

< 800cch-3111

700

600

500

15

T 1 1 1 1-

QUIET

i f• «

i\i

I I I r I I r

-r rJb. •

/rI

.

AVERAGED FPI

TEMPERATURE

(Ap-9)

— TIEGCM MODEL

(Ap-3)

- - MSIS86 MODEL

(Ap-3)

^ ^

j—\—I I • ' I . . J 1 1 1 1 I L

20 1 6Local Time (Hrs.)

11

.1200

1100-

1000LUOC3

S 900Q.

lUI-

^ 800GC

3LU

700-

600-

500

15

T—I—I—1—I—I—I—I—\—I—I—r

DISTURBED AVERAGED FPI

TEMPERATURE

(Ap-49)

TIEGCM MODEL

(Ap-22)

MSIS86 MODEL

(Ap.22)

\"F'[ 1'

I I I

^ -VII.

^

J I I L J 1 ' ' ' I I L

20 1 6Local Time (Hrs.)

11

Figure 13.

Page 21: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Issues Ih He £\ri I

®VcHithi/^ Xoh CoujtlikjTl^e CoMs ^

\ 'bisioUeJ ?l\^l>otrihcc cf £•-^<•J'/^,^ SM*«et P

>

®T/l5)s ei/t-h sech ^*,c ^

» VaW,fc;/,-<3 .\Otien'ii'iieuy

Does i"t W\iiit\r%̂

MTM — ajOht'ekhiiohs,

#£l«-tfoij«i„-cs... jitxtin-lU',, sLtlJi^f^Ol/tt"$l\it(JI kj o'f Svhs'loti^e^lec'̂ hc "fii-Us^

^XokospneHc oi low liii'iuj^, - '^SiSiB^ ssisss:^

5ca/c Xhf-eyti/lK-fr/es.

Page 22: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

BqUAToRiAL SpRBAD'f^A SuJJchj looliiej tlrihi-foth^iloirt oi

p/jSiwJ j-t /ov hii't<^Jes hc>He>^eHeobi$ciccitoh Jthsi'iirs inio kijk/^ ittryukh i'Lt-xAuKs

h A V A—\ >»/ .^ 0(?

3C*C?

-f } ^ M:J.0^ (e'/ch,^)

f XoiTiO SOInJe,

XJ F-Sighdi^^-

j f(MHi)•fja 20

?) SaK'^Tu

i(P^

•fcFd ??

Spi-eid (' ill pt/€hI j_i.. .1.. '

uvzr

fhce\'Sf F•fcm)

/ii^JjSOj 4:t\e mcs^ eK^loilvt/ii-^t^i'Lic sj^ict ^/53Ai;pAy S/f5 ]i^s'i)ioilii>j ih i^\c heil" S^ire-ehuit-oHt^tfiJti:iS hih^tj "iije -fiiftitt ^ Jfi^i\Oi'Lic Cipihill'ij ^---A l^oht ^^^sics "hse-J hidjt Wet^ll Wen

£<jnjioi-;j/ Sdwhllhiio^ J^iclJsE^iiiiohi)! ^itHciutes i-Fluc'iui'iiohsJ

Page 23: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

tooo

X 200

IDM&A^ost|C5I ^ (i.e., JV- ' g,„,w /

JtCAMARCA. PERUELECTRON DENSITY

SEP 13-14,1972

I I I T—I—I—r T—I—T-T

rw: xWi

55 5.0

1>Xv:%

18 20 22 00 02 04 06 08TIME (75'W)

mox

8.F«j«r

fiWX>.e»^we4 SCji-ttt- RW»^ CIS*)»Fot- 2»tt»tgUt%

'Fot A/,*4^ ♦ jj i.8,^Eel.,»JSRMuMvr C

w ^

Muktts i^f

Page 24: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

JiCAHAkcA Pi.UMt5

f •wtftoc^c

Jicamarca Spread-F Power-Map OcU)ber17, 1994 (20:00-01:00)

\

Local time 75W (hours) (1 iimijkt

5 10 IS 20 25 30

til)

A 'bwtUc sma// sca/e

^7

Page 25: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

600

ALlAll{ - ISR ^•" • \A Hot 1ft

e^sr

_. ALTAIR Radar Data :p2 August 1990 10:30—TG-40 tIT^ ^uOO, —^——'• - ' • :Log(Poiver):

T* • p- •_. • «"•.••''*" '"'•V'V. V»/_*" V'

'"'•--S'Csl

• J,/,. ,..•. ;•

6,49

5-96

5..'Field' Aligned :^:'

'-r- r'V^ ..*'.

-^a-DC J;:;. •^;r" ?-i-S'^P •; -^V'•;,. J:' (i'v."E35^',D'Stl^'^V "f

AL^IR: Kadar^poto^^ 0S'̂ i4ug"S^ 3

r-n.-WV

<- 200

-* • '•• .''! «/• >»».

"s •••

•'

Off ;Perp #4 •rf--.'-^ V'.t;:

; G fkniV- '• • • ' • '- . •" ••.\rVi/-''":'-'i.A!,'.'\ • "• i- . J .

Xhictc^^njc.

'l et- I

•-:-'§,7.0'1

R.T5HA/ee><

Page 26: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

ASCENSION ISLAND MAGNETIC MERIDIAN

AIRGLOW VIEWING GEOMETRY

WAONEtW0,p

HEIGHT(km)^2000-

zenith

1500

hooo

400

-10

^^^ension'̂ LANd

it E^wiiej- F/mHwU

-/5

f flirts

Page 27: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

• •'•••

V •< r ,, 4"• v'. / j ..v

,./-•• ••; ^•• •

>1 'f'-:' '/. •'^ • f'' •' ' . i " ."•

' • . •Vj,-,-v;':-, , . 'V,^•:'• ".•';;" ••.. -• •* y.j

•; ••,'••

'••y-.'' • *•, -1

i-r^K-"J

«'• i'i<

•:^-V>:;.T, •

. i'*'»*!

-••-''a

V- . • •̂•" . ^ s'i •'V

sr/%f'̂ > I *••*

Page 28: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Backscatter Plumes in

Equatorial Region

I 900UJQ

Z>-

t 700

Airglow Depletion in

Equatorial Plane

k • :•<

6300 A Airglow

Apex Mapping to

Geomagnetic EquatorialPlane

Airglow Depletions in

"Anomaly Region"

\ / \

Page 29: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

V\/H£/^£ /^a/q WHgA/ DO£>s BSF OCCOf{ ?Huancayo, Peru Natal, Brazil Accrai Ghana

I I I I I I > I I I I I 1 I I I I I I I rJAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN

Kodaikanal, India Manila, Philippines

JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN

Guam Kwa]aleln

JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN

noNJHiy

A Lotiy/"tuJc •flur'iukrs

SeOJon Occut5 wkeh/u/ltet-c Solth 'Lefri^tni'loh(_ SMhSei. liht) is Sct/tnl -to iMChV/Jtl .

T^»>s ^lloiv3 E'lrc^iohs it A//s o-f B "to dcci^9w3u s Itnn/"ti'iroMS/u .

Page 30: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

E)f>lMPLe; pBHiob

"DJ/** Huancayo, Peru Natal, Brazil Accra, Ghana

EP HOV JAN JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN J/In MAR MAY ML SEP NOV JM

Kodalkanal, India Manila, Philippines

JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN

Guam Kwajalein

EP NOV JAN JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JANJAN MAR MAY

DECLINATION 5UJi/SET

-150. -120.

Longitude

I Wheh Suhie't f/ BJWit^Js ihe ^ SHill

l^ehiisf ^etlc sss^hxuteitics )0^0 T^o U/ljs ^ Spteil- F

Page 31: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

OAy wnniA^ zf

e.j. k^A^ALBlM #HRadar

IW

^'::V 07:19-UT

07:29 UT

' 07:48 UTy-'X-

Or:57 UT

08:06 UT+800 -800

August

08:11 UT

11

, 08:19 CT

08:56 J

i,. !,• ••:•

08:27 UTi •

^800 -800

09:12

Wmmm

09:27 L

09:37 1-nrrrsnrTTciT^

ii

08:47 UTi • ., 09:46 UT

0:05 U-

^Geomagnetic East Distance [

L.'og(Pov/er).^6,40

•-.-; ' ;v"., •' •• I

\\

Page 32: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Tlic A/eift A/iVAt

ALTA:R Radar Da:c.,'^

'v, •••»iRr

07:1,4 UT

I'S't-X '•:• .i', •! • '^Ai.'-

<•••.-., I..,.

I.'

N.s?X'n- • ^ ^

07:45: UT I•• i-f •••?7-';'.ii..7,".^

07:55 UT.

09:19^u

T0;00

10:15 w

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10:55 Ii'i" ' -" '• t'J*

11:31 -L

11:58 .U"08:30 JT, 10:21

I'A ^*^-1 i.

-'•tlr'.

V/ . '- ' < . u."**

08:35 UT 10:36 12:25 U+600 -800 <-300 -800

Georriagn:elic ;E,ast .Distance [km]

Log(Pov/er)6.40

..6

- ll'Sll-'lf iWli'i^P 'iMi

i 4.97

W*i«n £SF 15 "OM" - it is H®t suUle or e/M5i>e --/\»»u nJio/ofiicil is se*$#ii.Vc ^A/e/A/c Sfe tt

Page 33: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

T^>e MoJe,!Geometry at Magnetic Equator Allows

Development ofthe Ravleigh-Tavlor Instability

r

ii2«0

figOnd i<OpE»

II i"" fiit "

Seed Perturbation

Plasma (MHD) Analog to Classical Hydrodynamic Instability:Heavy Fliiid over a light Fluid

%Seed

Principal Characteristics:1. Rising ^TBubble" ofDepleted Plasma,2. Smaller-Scale Turbialeniee/Instabilities at Edges of

Bubble.

Entire Process called Eguatdrial Spread F Because ofEffects Observed by lonosondes.

Page 34: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

The -Priveii

G-Rota/TH K^rt

Y '[hi -H^-ll>Vhk ( _)Vt L b« " ^J 1ar t f /

Ail ®«/ Qu9k'ii^ie$

FAVoS^AM C&A^$m^4fS^nTFaBffirrfl'WffTg'aTiwrmiTOttwaafc

S) df'iif' Sahset

S'tt^p df MiCkf

l) r©^

H) Seei w^k^-i)\Jhf ^A\^OkAU^ C9Mtil7i9MS

Vfi t&wk wit-^

Page 35: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

VJ

uy

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mm

.

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%

Page 36: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

T)

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Page 37: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Examls I

VU M'Buoij'ihCtj P

vs Loci I CohJll-Lioiis

•hkz Aftey hei^iit -fot ati B5F PItikie?" "f/njr "ti'ie }rii^s UH"ti/ /"t

i'is

FLL/XTUBE QUAA/TlTIES

Vo! =y\ A-ois V

Nj ~f -A Z/a^^///wx ^

Apex Height [km'

Local EG?U4To/il/iL

h/e M FroF/L£

= -f(hJ

Cachoiera Paulista^O'.90° ZA

Dip Latitude (°S)

Page 38: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

COHPAt(l50Ji/S Ol^* L«Kil"ube Mean and Equatorial Density

35001—' ' ' \ ^ ' ' Hi, M ' y"' ' I ^ ' ' ' i ' ' ^ ' I ' ' ^ ^

- \ ToPSIOEi "\\\ tube mean density for 100% H+W -—- equotono^ensiW for 100% H+ ~1\|-J, e^uotono^ens^ for 100% 0+

Htube mean density for 100% 0+2500 - \0*/Ly \\ —

> -

3000

2500

tube mean density for 100% H+

- —- equotona^ensiW for 100% H+

eouotono^ens^ for 100% 0+

tube mean density for 100% 0+

X'i; 2000

1500

1000

500

0 +

LOCAL

Bqi^AToRIAL

Log (N) [cm ^IBt^oXANcy Point Calculations U E.£esm+S.F^lli "fot O* (AtiJttUit «i t! AT "

Page 39: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

ExAnne: FLoYToBB-lA/TP^Am BfFecr ou S-^omn iirB

T^ft ^+iJoili4y o-f ^owoyWiC. flasMK«»

^4Um t . Tkfc ^rowHi*. Jailtf u ^Iwtte Vj^.'

y - S C.!'""***^ 0"et€

I • '

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Page 40: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

FluytuicXh'iifti'ltJ Pffee"t OH 6'l-oi¥'il^ Kj'ic

Effect iltl

CohjieihC'C^ HOl^cs yfl'/'s/njdownlyitJ "t-o loss —hipl&Cciln- iPiiS — 'Li lit-' e.-ffe.c't'

Stil>iliie Oh.Jown w'ti\<l e-nd

Meniiou/ y^\ J! %Waves jilishi. Hjik/itJ

lesj . lessVe.s'i^ 'lie Ohu^vv/fii e-»v</.

sptAvn

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d

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^xltsifl ^ Hu.ls

Page 41: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

0 i^eliwrr 0^ (--g^ ^KWcK^ tw, vv\5VH\v»i« c^(t<Hrl4l Uwe^f u«y« :

^) TW <Vv\^4 w9«^vi€VicrUuces -l-We

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♦ TK. i. u«.A,- 5^Uil,yN.»hHt«- HKwert«.l yH»lH, thef»>n^ ywB** (tfiiwidVieaHy .'

Page 42: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Flu/tuBB'JjifTes-ATEQ Issiies IOf Seei yiicH

w/iu« w'dk fkst // S

—Cipl SiAhSft Jctl^ihAx>\^ //B C^S^ttij'F Sc^jok**)l^unclf U/i.u<s J

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®Do HTM 3f/rrt £5/^?"Pocs i.'f'ftc'h BS^ P'Role o*f dt'iiuii^ ih

Ic?n/ hii'if^Je, F- \rt^iou\ P

Page 43: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

i . ^i*(i|it» £5^ 5e)i«« 4*f 4 }9nji'i^th(ci)B^F OH$9i 4h*>, t9-eHLT-^0 «j ©

(lifSM4//«i sioW ©"tW •* OfCUfS «A#^#Wlywief *4»<«ie4. /

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:. £5f Se^sefu$ " ^^#Ve«»

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iSP C0MJl^Mi9M 7o $fACi U/^4Wi^

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ft

5: J

Page 44: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

Large electric field (plasma drift) perturbations are often xobserved at the equator during disturbed conditions

LU<

17 23

20

11 17 23 11 U.T.

1 i 1 i 1 -I 1 1 1 1 1 » 1 1 i

I August 8-10, 1972

T" 1 1 J

1

i 1 1 1 i i 1 i 1 1 1

^ Jicamarca

f/ZM rrTV

—^—1—'—\-

W-_i—1—1—1—1—1—I—1—1—1—I—

Q 0

*cdo

<D

>

Local Time

BUT

The average equatorial drifts during geomagnetically quietand disturbed conditions are essentially identic^ !

CO

1CD

Q

150

%—•

1

I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 T 1 — I 1 T 1

- Jicamarca © AE < 250 nT

O =130

Mar-Apr_ Sep-Oct

May-Aug

O AE S 250 nT

02 06 10 14 18 22Local Time

Page 45: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

ESP SfACB

X. RiJi* ioiij/

l/M)

SciA^ hfi^ti * Lhs tlf (/»/(« CotmHt.

t.»JPoSiiivttMj

Sci^r £f/eeT ♦ (.M4 •/ f(<S€fi¥4t

liS HiaJL'T^C *jA/eCM

a

Ttc "es^ en4W«"

Sfi%^ ^it^p

C^fi$ eH999i/i>^ I

Page 46: byMichael Mendillo BostonUniversity Equatorial Aeronomycedarweb.vsp.ucar.edu/.../1998_CEDAR_Tutorial_Mendillo.pdf · 2015. 1. 7. · 1998CEDARWorkshop Boulder, Colorado June 7-12,1998

FINAL THOUGHTS

• sko^lJ Hc't

be coH-fuje ^ ** Pt0ji/€*ti¥iiy'̂

Ii9©^c &b$eti^9i>i0kS,

e d PjTpyCOK •

Ut A/o't h^J^UJ

'* ACROf^/M'^