by stephanie ellegood graves central elementary. enslaved africans: people from ____________ who...
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By Stephanie Ellegood
Graves Central Elementary
History Alive! Chapter 8FACING SLAVERY
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Enslaved Africans: People from ____________ who were forced to give up their ______________ and spend their lives obeying and working for their “______________” (masters)
dilemmas: Situations in which a person is forced to make a __________, even though there is no _________ choice to make (ex: enslaved Africans had to choose between __________ on the voyage to America or working as a slave for _______)
Middle Passage: The ____________ (“passage”) of slave traders and enslaved Africans across the _______________________ from _______ to the ________________.
TERMS TO KNOW……Africa
freedom
owners
choicegood
deathlife
voyage
Atlantic Ocean AfricaAmericas
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o The West African region is along the __________ of Africa above the _____________. To the north of it is the _______________________. To the west and south is the ____________________. The land is mostly covered with __________________ or __________________.
http://brightstarvision.org/images/MAP_OF_AFRICA.png
8.2 West Africa in the 1500’scoast
equatorSahara Desert
Atlantic Oceangrassland rainforest
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West Africans were the alike in many ways: most people _____________, but some were miners,
craftspeople, or tradersTrading ___________: ______ & _________ sent to countries
north of the Sahara desertTrading ___________: _______, __________, and other goods
http://makinghistoryrelevant.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/slavetrademap.jpg
8.2 West Africa in the 1500’s (cont…)
farmed
exports gold ivory
imports
salt cloth
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society was based on _____________families lived in the same _______________owned _________ together and shared their
__________worshipped __________ of the ancestors and asked
spirits to ___________ themthey enjoyed _____________________
West Africans were different in many ways: some lived in small ______________ / some live in
_________many different ___________________ were spoken.
In the 1500’s most West Africans lived in ___________________
8.2 West Africa in the 1500’s (cont…)
familyvillage
landcrops
spiritsprotect
storytelling
villagescities
languages
freedom
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In West Africa some people were not as ________ as others. Some were ________________ or ______________ who had been captured during ________, found guilty of ____________, or sold as slaves by other ________________.
Many of these “slaves” in Africa were different that slaves in America. Many of them became part of the _____________ they worked for. They didn’t have as many ____________ as others in the village, but they could ______ land and ________, as well as earn ___________ and gain FREEDOM through ________ or ______________.
8.3 Dilemma: The European Slave Trade in West Africafree
servantsworkers
wars crimesAfricans
familyrights
ownfarm $money$
work marriage
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Europeans used African slaves to work on their sugar and tobacco ____________________ in the Americas. Europeans bought slaves by ________________ cloth, rum, guns, tobacco, etc… for them.
The Africans that traded slaves for ________ became a ___________, so then their neighbors also traded for guns. This soon caused slave trade for guns all over West Africa
8.3 Dilemma: The European Slave Trade in West Africa
plantations
trading
gunsthreat
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8.4 The European Slave Trade in West Africa: What Happened?
refused
captured
community
childrenfarming
African’s reacted in different ways to the need for many slaves by the slave traders.A few West African _____________ to take part in the slave trade. Many of these people were _________________or sold as slaves.Some captured Africans outside of their ______________________ and sold them to slave traders. Some even kidnapped African _______________ while the parents were out __________________.
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Some traded people who were already slaves such as _________________ of wars. These Africans didn’t want to trade slaves, but their neighbors who were trading slaves were becoming ____________ and more __________________. They feared these neighbors might try to _________________ them and sell them as slaves.
8.4 The European Slave Trade in West Africa: What Happened?
prisoners
richer
powerfulcapture
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West Africans taken into slavery faced a long and terrible _______________. They were put in ___________ and marched _________________ of miles to the coast, and many ________ along the way. Others suffered ______________ and died when they reached the coast. Those who survived were marked with hot branding ________ and loaded onto slave ships.
The voyage by ship to America was called the Middle Passage because it was the second of three stages of slave trade:Stage 1: _____________ and movement of slaves to
the __________ of AfricaStage 2: _____________ to the colonies on the
____________________ (Middle Passage)Stage 3: _________________ of slaves from American
ports to ___________________
8.5 Dilemma: The Middle Passage
journey chainshundreds
died injuries
irons
Capturecoast
VoyageAtlantic Ocean
Movementplantation
s
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8.5 Dilemma: The Middle Passage
http://images.inmagine.com/img/aspireimages/drk003/drk003995.jpg
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8.5 Dilemma: The Middle Passage
http://reflectionsbyshirley.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/middle_passage.jpg
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8.5 Dilemma: The Middle Passage
http://archive.fieldmuseum.org/pirates/photos/SLV4.jpg
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The voyage from Africa to the colonies took about ________ weeks. (Middle Passage)
During the Middle Passage slaves received little _______________. Men were chained together in _________ at their hands and feet. Many times there was no room to ______ up or __________. They were so close together they could barely move. The rough boards gave them __________ on their bodies. The __________ and heat were unbearable. There were lice, fleas, rats, blood, and mucus. _____________ followed the ships feeding on the dead thrown overboard.
At least ________ million West Africans traveled the Middle Passage. Between 10-20% died on the voyages.
8.5 Dilemma: The Middle Passage
5-12
exercisepairs
sit stand
soressmells
Sharks
15-20
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Enslaved Africans reacted differently on the slave ships.
Some Africans tried to ______ themselves by refusing to eat or jumping overboard. Losing slaves meant losing ___________, so the ships’ captains tried to keep them alive. Slaves who refused to eat were _______________ and their jaws were ____________ open or their lips were burned with _______________. If slaves jumped overboard, the ship’s crew went after them in _________________, and they were whipped when they returned.
8.6 The Middle Passage: What Happened?
kill
money
whippedforced
hot coals
row boats
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Some Africans tied to __________ against the crew. They attacked with knives or pieces of metal or wood they tore from the ship. One slave named _____________________ led a revolt on a slave ship. The slaves killed the _____________ and tool over the ship.
Many Africans saved their energy to ________________, were too sick to ____________, or just chose not to resist.
8.6 The Middle Passage: What Happened?revolt
Joseph Cinque
captain
survive resist
Middle PassageMiddle Passage
Middle PassageMiddle Passage
Middle PassageMiddle PassageMiddle Passage
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When slaves arrived in the colonies, they were sold to plantation owners at “scrambles” or auctions.
At _________________ the price was the _______ for each slave and buyers grabbed the slaves they wanted.
At slave _______________ the slaves stood on an auction ___________ and slaves were sold one at a time to the highest _____________. Many African families were separated and never saw each other again
8.7 Dilemma: Arrival in America
scrambles
same
auctionsblock
bidder
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8.7 Dilemma: Arrival in America
http://cache2.artprintimages.com/p/LRG/29/2943/CVKRD00Z/art-print/slave-auction-in-the-deep-south-c-1850.jpg
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During the first year on plantations (also called the “_______________” period) slaves received new ___________, were shouted at in _________________ they didn’t know, and given strange ________ to use. If they didn’t understand of resisted, they were whipped, burned, or killed.
Slaves worked in fields ____ hours a day planting and picking _________. They sometimes walked an ________ to and from the fields. _________ or more people lived in small cabins with _______ floors and slept on bundles of __________ with rags for blankets.
8.7 Dilemma: Arrival in America
breaking innames
languagestools
16crops
hour Eightdirt
straw
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Slaves reacted differently to their new lives on plantations.
Some slaves tried to ________________. Most that ran away were caught and punished or even killed.
Some slaves resisted by “playing ________” by pretending not to understand what they were asked to do. Some slaves pretended to be too ______ or _____ to work. Some broke _________ or set buildings on ________. Some even _____________ themselves because they believed when they died they would return home to West Africa
8.8 Arrival in America: What Happened?
run away
dumb
sick hurt toolsfire
hanged
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Some slaves worked ________ and did what they were told to do. They wanted their masters to make them house servants or skilled workers. Some slaves worked in the “__________________ ” with the master’s family. Sometimes slaves were paid for extra work on _________________ and ________________. They hoped to earn enough money to buy their _________________. Few slaves became free that way.
8.8 Arrival in America: What Happened?hard
big house
Sundaysholiday
s freedom