by: ms. susan m. pojer horace greeley hs chappaqua, ny edited by mr. adam stonehill
DESCRIPTION
The European Conquest of the Americas. By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Edited by Mr. Adam Stonehill. Christ of Colon [1451-1506] -European explorer whose discoveries had long term effects -promoted future Western European exploration. Columbus’ Four Voyages. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
By: Ms. Susan M. PojerBy: Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua,
NY NY
Edited by Mr. Adam StonehillEdited by Mr. Adam Stonehill
By: Ms. Susan M. PojerBy: Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua,
NY NY
Edited by Mr. Adam StonehillEdited by Mr. Adam Stonehill
Christ of Colon Christ of Colon [1451-[1451-1506]1506]
-European explorer whose discoveries had long term -European explorer whose discoveries had long term effectseffects
-promoted future Western European exploration-promoted future Western European exploration
Christ of Colon Christ of Colon [1451-[1451-1506]1506]
-European explorer whose discoveries had long term -European explorer whose discoveries had long term effectseffects
-promoted future Western European exploration-promoted future Western European exploration
Columbus’ Four Columbus’ Four VoyagesVoyages
Columbus’ Four Columbus’ Four VoyagesVoyages
Other explorers• Da Gama – Portugal – reaches Indian Ocean trade routes
• Vespucci – Spanish – further explorations of “New World”
• Magellan – Spain - circumnavigates the world
• Cabot – England – first Western European to North America
• de Leon – Spain – first Spaniard to North America
• Cortes – Conquistador of the Aztec Empire
• Verrazano – Spain – North America
• Pizarro – Conquistador of the Incan Empire
• de Soto, Coronado, Cabrillo – Spain – further explorations of North America
• 1565 – Spain establishes first North American colony at St. Augustine, FLA
• Cartier – France – first Frenchman to reach North America
• Frobisher – Dutch – first Dutchman to explore North America
• Raleigh – England – explores Virginia area (future Jamestown colony)
• Hudson – England – explores NYC region and up the Hudson river
• Gilbert,Champlain, LaSalle – France – further explorations of North America
Ferdinand Magellan & Ferdinand Magellan & the First the First
Circumnavigation of the Circumnavigation of the World:World:Early 16cEarly 16c
Ferdinand Magellan & Ferdinand Magellan & the First the First
Circumnavigation of the Circumnavigation of the World:World:Early 16cEarly 16c
European ExplorationsEuropean ExplorationsEuropean ExplorationsEuropean Explorations
Looking for “El Dorado”Looking for “El Dorado”Looking for “El Dorado”Looking for “El Dorado”
Fernando CortesFernando CortesFernando CortesFernando Cortes
The First Spanish The First Spanish Conquests:Conquests:The AztecsThe Aztecs
The First Spanish The First Spanish Conquests:Conquests:The AztecsThe Aztecs
Montezuma IIMontezuma IIMontezuma IIMontezuma II
vsvs..
vsvs..
The Death of The Death of Montezuma IIMontezuma IIThe Death of The Death of Montezuma IIMontezuma II
Mexico Surrenders to Mexico Surrenders to CortésCortés
Mexico Surrenders to Mexico Surrenders to CortésCortés
Francisco Francisco PizarroPizarro
Francisco Francisco PizarroPizarro
The First Spanish The First Spanish Conquests:Conquests:
The The IncasIncas
The First Spanish The First Spanish Conquests:Conquests:
The The IncasIncas
AtahualpaAtahualpaAtahualpaAtahualpa
vsvs..
vsvs..
Cycle of Conquest & Cycle of Conquest & ColonizationColonization
Cycle of Conquest & Cycle of Conquest & ColonizationColonization
Explorers Conquistadores
Mission
arie
s
PermanentSettlers
OfficialEuropeanColony!
Economic Effects of Colonialism
Europe• Mercantilism policy put into place• Mother Country becomes wealthy at the expense of their colonies• Country tries to export more than it imports – favorable balance of trade• Colonies exist as markets for their mother country’s goods• Country tries to get as much gold and silver as possible
Latin America • – “encomienda system” – large plantations or mines and forced labor Native
Americans first and then African Slaves• Plantations - Sugar, bananas, tobacco, etc.• Mining of Precious Metals - Silver and Gold
MercantilismMercantilismMercantilismMercantilismThe economy and trade
are essential to the health and safety of the nation.
1.Get as much gold and silveras you can.
2.Establish a favorable balance of trade.
3.Get colonies.
The “Columbian The “Columbian Exchange”Exchange”
The “Columbian The “Columbian Exchange”Exchange” Squash Avocado Peppers Sweet
Potatoes
Turkey Pumpkin Tobacco Quinine
Cocoa Pineapple
Cassava POTATO
Peanut TOMATO Vanilla MAIZE
Syphilis
Olive COFFEE BEAN Banana Rice
Onion Turnip Honeybee Barley
Grape Peach SUGAR CANE
Oats
Citrus Fruits Pear Wheat HORSE
Cattle Sheep Pigs Smallpox
Flu Typhus Measles Malaria
Diptheria Whooping Cough
Trinkets
Liquor
GUNS
Docs. 1- 4Docs. 1- 4
Sacrifice of the First-Sacrifice of the First-BornBorn
by Theodore de Bryby Theodore de Bry
Sacrifice of the First-Sacrifice of the First-BornBorn
by Theodore de Bryby Theodore de Bry
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trans-Atlantic Slave TradeTrade
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trans-Atlantic Slave TradeTrade
Slave ShipSlave ShipSlave ShipSlave Ship
““Coffin” Position Coffin” Position Below DeckBelow Deck
““Coffin” Position Coffin” Position Below DeckBelow Deck
African CaptivesAfrican CaptivesThrown OverboardThrown OverboardAfrican CaptivesAfrican Captives
Thrown OverboardThrown Overboard
Slaves Working in a Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar MillBrazilian Sugar MillSlaves Working in a Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar MillBrazilian Sugar Mill
TreasuresTreasuresfrom the Americas!from the Americas!
TreasuresTreasuresfrom the Americas!from the Americas!
Colonialism – Social Effects
• Latin America – New Social Status structure put into place based on race and ethnicity
• - Catholicism becomes the dominant religion• - Spanish now “universal language”• • North America – religious freedom and economic opportunity often
brings new colonists• -Protestant groups
The Colonial Class The Colonial Class SystemSystem
The Colonial Class The Colonial Class SystemSystem
PeninsularPeninsulareses
PeninsularPeninsulareses CreolesCreolesCreolesCreoles
MestizoMestizoss
MestizoMestizoss
MulattMulattosos
MulattMulattosos
Native IndiansNative IndiansNative IndiansNative Indians Black SlavesBlack SlavesBlack SlavesBlack Slaves
The Influence of the The Influence of the Colonial Catholic Colonial Catholic
ChurchChurch
The Influence of the The Influence of the Colonial Catholic Colonial Catholic
ChurchChurch
Guadalajara Guadalajara CathedralCathedral
Guadalajara Guadalajara CathedralCathedral
Our Lady of Our Lady of GuadalupeGuadalupe
Our Lady of Our Lady of GuadalupeGuadalupe
Spanish Spanish MissionMission Spanish Spanish MissionMission
The Treaty of Tordesillas, The Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 & 1494 &
The Pope’s Line of The Pope’s Line of DemarcationDemarcation
The Treaty of Tordesillas, The Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 & 1494 &
The Pope’s Line of The Pope’s Line of DemarcationDemarcation
Father Bartolomé de Father Bartolomé de Las CasasLas Casas
Father Bartolomé de Father Bartolomé de Las CasasLas Casas
New Laws --> 1542New Laws --> 1542
European Empires in the European Empires in the AmericasAmericas
European Empires in the European Empires in the AmericasAmericas
Political Effects of Colonialization
• Political:• Spain – 2 main colonies in ‘New Spain” (Mesoamerica) and “Peru” (South
America). Also have various colonies in the Caribbean• Basically Imperialize local population which means complete control of
government, laws, economics, etc.)• Hidalgos – lazy upper-class develops in Spain itself as described in Cervantes’
Don Quixote• • Portugal – main colony in New World is Brazil and colonies in Indian Ocean
trade (India-Goa and Southeast Asia)• • England and France – colonies in North America and Caribbean• Sea Dog terror tactics used to plunder much of the wealth of Spain and Portugal
from the New World• Colonies are often left to rule themselves since resources are less than in Spain