By: Dannie Wilson and Ian Ferguson

Cell Processes

• Cell Organelles pg.3

• Active and Passive Transport pg.4

• Cellular Respiration pg.5

• Fermentation pg.6

• Mitosis and Meiosis pg.7

• Asexual Reproduction pg.8

Contents

Cell Organelles pg.3

• Organelles perform specific functions in cells.

• All cells contain organelles that perform different functions within a cell.

• Mitochondrion is the power house of the cell and is a organelle.

• The nucleus contains DNA and inside the DNA are the genes.

• The vacuole is a membrane-bound sac within a cell or tissues that stores water or other materials.

• A plant cell usually has one large vacuole.

• Ribosome is a organelle responsible for protein synthesis.

• Cytoplasm is the jelly like substance in the cell.

• Endoplasmic Reticulum is the network of passage ways in a cell.

• Golgi Body- it receives materials and packages them and disperses them to other parts of the cell.

• Lysosome break down food particles.

Active and Passive Transport pg.4

• Active transport uses extra energy.• Passive transport doesn’t use any energy.• Diffusion is a type of passive transport and is the

movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

• Osmosis – is another type of passive transport that involves the movement of water .

• The definition of osmosis is the diffusion of water through the membrane that allows specific substances to pass through.

Cellular Respiration pg.5

• Plant cells use carbon dioxide , water, and light to make food, or glucose.

• The production of glucose in plants is known as photosynthesis.

• Cellular Respiration occurs when bacteria, plant, fungi, and animal cells convert glucose to make energy.

• Glucose- the simplest form of sugar, used as a source of energy .

• First stage of cellular respiration takes place in the cytoplasm.

• Cytoplasm- the jelly like substance of a cell.• The second and third stage require oxygen

the first stage doesn't.

Fermentation pg.6

• When oxygen is not available cellular respiration can not work.

• So energy is formed through fermentation.• Fermentation-the process in which cells break

down molecules without the use of oxygen.• There are two types of fermentation lactic

acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation.

Meiosis and Mitosis pg.7

• The three main stages of cell division is interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.

• Mitosis has four stages prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

• Meiosis- the type of cell division that produces reproductive cells.

Asexual Reproduction pg.8

• There are four types of asexual reproduction binary fission, spores, budding, and vegetative reproduction.

• Binary fission-a type of asexual reproduction in which a cell divides into two parts.

• Budding- a type of asexual reproduction that involves the outgrowth of a small part of the parent and develops into a new organism.

• Spores- a type of asexual reproduction when spores reproduce on there own.

• Vegetative reproduction-a type of asexual reproduction found in plants when a growth from the parent plant eventually becomes a new plant.

THE END