By: Andrew Seitler

Practical retinal prosthesis for people afflicted with progressive loss of photoreceptor cells.

Retinal chip implanted on the back of eye Create a simple yet effective form of power

University of Southern California’s Doheny Eye Institute is using RF signals to transmit both data and power to the retinal implant.

Stanford University is using ambient light entering the eye for both data and power.

For 2 years a 60-pixel retina has been used in clinical trials known as the Argus II.

Stanford Ophthalmology department recently discovered migration of retinal cells.

Sub-retinal implant preserves axonal connections to the retina above the implant.

Uses goggle mounted camera Transmits from goggles using pulsed IR Photodiodes convert pulses of light into

pulsed current from intraocular photovoltaic

University of Southern California’s Biomimetric MicroElectronic Systems Engineering Research Center boasts a 1000-pixel test system.

Expecting nearly 5 years before clinical trials

More progressively they want to fit everything entirely into the eye.

Entirely implantable device Miniature camera system Use light we already see with to power and

give detail to newer more effective systems. Use carbon nanotubes for designs Increase safety for long term implants Drastically decrease need to power circuit

http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/bionics/a-formfitting-photovoltaic-artificial-retina

http://ophthalmology.stanford.edu/research/basic_retinal_prosthesis.html

http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/bionics/researchers-hope-to-mime-1000-neurons-with-highres-artificial-retina