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Smart Cities ….and where do renewables fit in?

19th March 2014



Agenda

Cities

Energy requirements

The new paradigm

Case studies


Cities

100 years ago, 2 out of every 10 people lived in an urban area

Source: WHO

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Fifth_Avenue_at_Fifty-First_Street,_New_York_City,_1900.jpg


Cities

In 2010, more than 50% of all people live in an urban area

Source: WHO

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Hong_Kong_skyline_night_lights.jpg


Cities

By 2050, 7 out of 10 people will live in a city

Sources: WHO and Unicef


Cities


Energy requirements

What are the drivers for energy in Smart Cities?

- Attracting talent and investment

- Economic growth

- Improving services for the customer

- Reducing the cost of delivering services

- Leveraging infrastructure:

- Street lighting

- Communications

- Health services

- Etc.


Energy requirements

Requirement is to have reliable and cost effective power supplies….

Some questions:

How much electricity does a city need now and in the future?

Will the electricity demand be more ‘peaky’?

Where will the electricity come from?

How does it get from where it is generated to where it is consumed?

Can the local and national grid cope?

Is this where Smart Grid meets Smart City?


Energy requirements


The new paradigm

CENTRALISED GENERATION

TRANSMISSION NETWORK

DISTRIBUTION NETWORK



DEMAND DEMAND DEMAND DEMAND

One-way power flows Remote generation Little communications Passive network Delivering electricity passively to consumers The traditional paradigm: “Generate what is consumed”


The new paradigm

CENTRALISED GENERATION

TRANSMISSION NETWORK




DEMAND DEMAND DEMAND DEMAND

Offshore and onshore wind New marine

and hydro

Aging assets

DG

Small and large solar

Electric Vehicles

Heat pumps and aircon

Micro-grids

Clustering

New loads to connect

Network loading and

voltage limits

Two way power flows

Less predictable

load and generation

Consuming what is

generated


Smart Grid for a Smart City

• Increasing generation from renewable intermittent sources – Improved forecasting of resources and scheduling of consumption – Time of use tariffs – Increasing use of demand response and balancing services

• Increasing demand on the network (e.g. electric vehicles) – Smart charging for local and national constraints

• Increased resilience – More distributed and back-up generation – Emergence of microgrids – Supply of critical loads

What does this mean for traditional utility companies and their business model? What opportunities does it create?


Case studies

• Smart EV Charging

• Sharing demand response

resources for local and national

needs

• Proving responsiveness to Time of

Use tariffs

• Integrating DG to the local grid

Proving the Smart Grid for a Smart City concepts

• Growing a financially rewarding

demand response programme

• Microgrid development

• Integrating Distributed Energy

Resources and Microgrids

• Integrating EVs and options for

Smart EV charging

The passive one-way electricity grid of today is going to have to change for cities to realise their ambitions BUT this will be highly disruptive to traditional utility business models

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=con+edison&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=MINq9ntZglyicM&tbnid=cKKRjyWQw10G4M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://blogs.villagevoice.com/runninscared/2012/11/con_ed_hits_son.php&ei=3yVKUcvZE4b60gXgp4C4Dg&bvm=bv.44011176,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGk5lkTXaFL7-KD3q7H8PpkL_s0Rg&ust=1363900250494450


Thank you

Alan Gooding

Director and Co founder

[email protected]

+44 (0) 141 568 4310

+44 (0) 790 171 0388

mailto:[email protected]

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