Business Information Systems utilizing the Future InternetFuture Internet

Keynote BIR 2011, y ,Riga, Latvia 8/10-2011

John KrogstieIDI NTNUIDI, NTNU

Trondheim, Norway

1

Overview of presentation

• Background O– On me

– On modelingOn overall trends in business and society– On overall trends in business and society

– On the Future Internet• Trends and challenges for business information systems• Trends and challenges for business information systems

– Examples– Role of modelingRole of modeling

• Conclusion

2

Short background on me• Master and PhD in Information Systems (1991, 1995),

modeling techniques, quality of modeling in particularg q , q y g p• Employed 9 years in Andersen Consulting (Accenture)• 2000-2005 SINTEF ICT (Oslo)

f dh i• Professor at IDI, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway 1.August 2005.

• Leader of Strategic Area ICT at NTNU, coordinate cross-Leader of Strategic Area ICT at NTNU, coordinate crossdisciplinary ICT research at the university (health informatics, eGovernment etc)

• Leader of IFIP WG 8 1 on Design and Evaluation of• Leader of IFIP WG 8.1 on Design and Evaluation of Information Systems (EMMSAD, POEM, BPMDS ME…)

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Usage of modeling and models

4

Different execution environment for different process models

Process

Hardcoded Predefined Evolving Im plicitProcessM odels

Static Dynam icSpectrum

Enterprise m odel

M odel-driven solutions:

Platform Independent M odel

P latform Specific M odelEnterprise

M odelPlatform Specific M odel

Code

Operating system , runtime execution environm ent (EE)

EEPIM EE

PSM EE

5ICT

Operating system , runtime execution environm ent (EE)

Quality of Models SEQUALQuality of Models - SEQUALSocial actor

Perceived semantic

explicit knowledge Social

Deontic

Goals of modelling

Social actor interpretation

Deontic Physical

(learning)

LanguageModeling

Deontic

Model

y

Pragmatic(humanunderstanding)

Deontic(action)

Languageextension

Modelingdomain

Model externalization

Syntactic

PragmaticEmpirical

Semantic

Technicalactor

i t t ti

(tool understanding)p

6

interpretation

Societal and political trends

• Globalization• Towards sustainability• Demographicsg p• Geo-politics• Individualization• Individualization

-> How we perform business needs to change-> The way we develop and evolve business

7

y pinformation systems need to change

Business trends (from FINES FutureBusiness trends (from FINES – Future Internet Enterprise Systems )

• The disappearing boundaries of the Enterprise.• The larger role for SMEs. • The WhatYouSenseIsWhatYouGet (WYSIWYG) ( )

Enterprise • A Knowledge Commons for EnterprisesA Knowledge Commons for Enterprises • Enterprises spanning the real and the virtual world

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Future internet

• Description from 7FP ICT program : The Future Internet, both evolutions of the current and completely new network and service infrastructures, are key developments. In the shorter term, breakthroughs are expected from the integration of (IP-based) networking and service development tools into open platforms for the development of innovative internet-empowered applications. In the longer term, breakthroughs like all-optical networks combined with advances in wireless communication, sensor networks, computing, autonomic network/service management capabilities, trust and

i d ld ll k h dsecurity are expected to yield totally new network architectures and systems.

• Focus (in Norway) on development according to( y) p g– Mobile internet– Social networks– Internet of Things

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g

Overall technological trends

• The support of end-to-end design and engineering (i l di f ll lif l fprocess (including full life-cycle support of

products)• Integration across organizations and nations• Information systems being provided by y g p y

ecosystems of providers rather than individual providers p

• Event-oriented systems utilizing the internet of things

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things

End-to-end engineering process – exampleVirtual Aircraft for Early Involvement of Downstream ActivitiesVirtual Aircraft for Early Involvement of Downstream Activities

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Aker Project Execution Model

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Model-driven approach for collecting d di t ib ti i ti i f tiand distributing existing information

Workplaces for roles

Active Knowledge

Organization Roles

Systems, ViewsTechnologies Processes, TasksUpdate of

data in core

te o edgeArchitecture

systems

Systems engineering

Project t

3D Layout Document management

Etc.

13

engineeringmanagement managementProject

Execution Model

Engineering Numbering

System

Model-generated workplaces

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Workplace for Piping Engineer

15

EU project starting next week (SAP, NTNU + 10 more partners)

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From one to several organizations

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Interactive models to support looslyInteractive models to support loosly couple processes in extended enterprises

DYNAMIC NETWORKEDORGANISATION

Reflected byACTIVE KNOWLEDGE

MODELReflected by MODEL

Tools

InformationResources

Process

O i tice

nded

Mod

el

Multiple shared views

Organisation

Experience

feedback

ResourcesExte

nEnt

erpr

ise M

18EXTENDED ENTERPRISE

Interactive (active) models

• Visual (graphical) models of enterprise aspects (goals, tasks, roles, organizations, persons, information, systems...)

• Available for normal users to be viewed, traversed, analyzed, simulated, executed, and adapted

• Changes to the models influence the information systems supporting (part of)Changes to the models influence the information systems supporting (part of) the enterprise

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International organizations supporting otherInternational organizations supporting otherinternational organizations

• Case: Veritas certificationC idi i il i ( ifi i ) i• Company providing similar service (certification) in many countries,

• A need to support international clients in the same way• A need to support international clients in the same way everywhere

• Attempted to streamline the process across countries• Attempted to streamline the process across countries• Needed to relate to different cultures and national

constraintsconstraints• -> Harmonized rather than standardized process

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From EU Ministral declaration on eGovernment (November 2009)

• Mobility in the Single Market is reinforced by seamless eGovernment services for the setting up and running of aeGovernment services for the setting up and running of a business and for studying, working, residing and retiring anywhere in the European Union y p

• -> but relates to different legislations, cultures etc. but relates to different legislations, cultures etc.

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Systems being provided by ecosystems of prosumers rather than individualof prosumers rather than individual providers • Information systems to a lesser degree developed in-house• Increasing use of packaged systems• Increasing use of packaged systems• Increasing levels of outsourcing of development, maintenance,

operations, and user support• From primarily internal users to a mix of internal and external users• Consumers of software services and content turns to prosumers

Open so rce sol tions are increasingl more sed• Open source solutions are increasingly more used• Need to understand the added value of a more open business model

22

Digital content and software ecosystemsDigital content and software ecosystems

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E t th I t t f thi (I T)Enter the Internet of things (IoT)

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Business applications following EDABusiness applications following EDA –Event-driven architecture• Report current events as they happens• Pushes notification on events• Pushes notification on events• Consumer system respond immediately on event• One-way communication• Notifications free of commands

• Event-driven and minimally coupled

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End-to-End Solution StackIntegrating IBM Sensor Solutions with Tivoli Maximo

Reporting & AnalyticsAuto-ID

Asset Lost

Supplier Lost Asset

Asset is

Asset InventoryContainer LossesCycle TimesAged Inventory

Shared Business Events

Asset Added

Asset

damaged

Asset is

IBM Maximo

IBM Real-Time Asset Locator

Asset Scrapped Asset

Location Changed

repaired Enterprise AssetManagement

AeroScoutEkahau

RadienceCentrak

Ultra Wide Band

Ultra Wide Band

UltrasoundUltrasound InfraredInfrared WiFiWiFi BarcodeBarcodePassive RFID (UHF / HF)

Passive RFID (UHF / HF)

433Mhz433MhzISO 24730ISO 24730

26 26

MotorolaIntermecImpinjTagsysZES

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Similar approach from telecom

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Summary on trends and challenges

• business processes are potentially increasingly interconnected within and across organizational boundariesand across organizational boundaries

• the number of processes an organization has to cope with is rapidly increasing

• An increasung number of types of stakeholders is involved• modern technology is generating large streams of event data

representing the states of different processes p g p• different devices are used to access the business information systems

in different situations necessitating a flexible multi-channel supportddi i l ( l ) d b d• Additional concepts (e.g. location) needs to be represented

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Motivation for modeling location

• ’Where’ is increasingly relevant– Supply Chain Management/LogisticsSupply Chain Management/Logistics– Virtual organization– Eco-systems of providers– Mobile applications and information systems

• And it is possible to utilize ’where’ to a larger degree (also real time) to know where users, equipment and goods should be, are or where at , q p g ,a certain time

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Representation of location

• Maps of different types• Topological diagrams• Topological diagrams• Conceptual representation of place and space in enterprise modeling

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Example – representation of space

• COSTT – Co-operation Support Through Transperancy• Case in the hospital domain• Case in the hospital domain• Utilize the possibility to detect location of persons and equipment

automatically real-time (RTLS- Real time Location Systems)• Support of self-coordination of task• Need a representation of aspects related to location, time and concepts

to support continous replanningto support continous replanning

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33

’Naive’ representation

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Representation with emphasis on time

35

Representation with emphasis on distance

36

Usage of modeling and models

37

Different execution environment for different process models

Process

Hardcoded Predefined Evolving ImplicitProcessModels

Static DynamicProcessSpectrum

Enterprise model

Model-driven solutions:

Enterprise model

Platform Independent Model

EnterprisePlatform Specific Model

Code

pModel

EEPIM EE

PSM EE

38 ICT

Operating system, runtime execution environment (EE)

Quality of models revisitedQuality of models revisitedSocial actor

Perceived semantic

explicit knowledge Social

Deontic

Goals of modelling

Social actor interpretation

Deontic Physical

(learning)

LanguageModeling

Deontic

Model

y

Pragmatic(humanunderstanding)

Deontic(action)

Languageextension

Modelingdomain

Model externalization

Syntactic

PragmaticEmpirical

Semantic

Technicalactor

i t t ti

(tool understanding)p

39

interpretation

Summary

• The future internet gives new challenges and opportunities for business information systemsinformation systems

• This give new challenges and opportunities for modelling– Interaction and federation vs automation and global consistency

• Some of these one have tried to attack for quite some time • But the adoption of many important solutions are slow • Existing knowledge on modeling can be reused and adapted (but again• Existing knowledge on modeling can be reused and adapted (but again,

knowledge adoption are slow)

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Questions ?

• Coming up: PoEM 2011 – Practice of Enterprise Modeling , Oslo, Norway, November 2-3, 2011Norway, November 2 3, 2011

• EMMSAD 2012 and CAiSE 2012 : Gdansk , Poland June 25-29 2012 (call for papers, CAiSE November 30, EMMSAD February 2012)

• John Krogstie: Model-based Development and Evolution of• John Krogstie: Model-based Development and Evolution of Information Systems: A Quality Approach, Springer 2012

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Selected references• Lillehagen, F., & Krogstie, J. (2008). Active Knowledge Modeling of Enterprises:

Springer.• Krogstie, J., & Jørgensen, H. (2004). Interactive Models for Supporting Networked g , , g , ( ) f pp g

Organisations. Paper presented at the 16th Conference on advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE 2004)

• Krogstie, J., & Sølvberg, A. (2003). Information systems engineering - Conceptual d l l dh i di f lmodeling in a quality perspective. Trondheim, Norway: Kompendiumforlaget.

• Houy, C., Fettke, P., Loos, P., van der Aalst, W. M. P., & Krogstie, J. (2010). BPM-in-the-Large – Towards a higher level of abstraction in Business Process Management. Paper presented at the GISP under IFIP WCCPaper presented at the GISP under IFIP WCC

• Recker, J., Rosemann, M., & Krogstie, J. (2007). Ontology- versus pattern-based evaluation of process modeling language: A comparison. Communications of the Association for Information Systems 20, 774-799f f y ,

• Krogstie, J., Lyytinen, K., Opdahl, A. L., Pernici, B., Siau, K., & Smolander, K. (2004). Research Areas and Challenges for Mobile Information Systems. International Journal of Mobile Communication 2(3)

• Andresen, S. H., Krogstie, J., & Jelle, T. (2007a). Lab and Research Activities at Wireless Trondheim. Paper presented at the 4.th IEEE International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS'07) See also http://research idi ntnu no/trimaks

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http://research.idi.ntnu.no/trimaks• IFIP WG8.1 https://research.idi.ntnu.no/ifip-wg81/• EMMSAD : http://www.emmsad.org