burmese - karenni · 2019-05-06 · sf 'kugbmkyh. 'kugbmky h [u hjku. 'kubkj gjkg g....
TRANSCRIPT
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Burmese - KarenniLexicon
;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg
bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh;kygbkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh;kygbkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh;kygbkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh;kygbkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh;kyg
'ku'ku'ku'ku'ku
jrefrmcufqpft"dyg,fudk u&ifeDvkdjrefrmcufqpft"dyg,fudk u&ifeDvkdjrefrmcufqpft"dyg,fudk u&ifeDvkdjrefrmcufqpft"dyg,fudk u&ifeDvkdjrefrmcufqpft"dyg,fudk u&ifeDvkd
bmomjyefaompmpkbmomjyefaompmpkbmomjyefaompmpkbmomjyefaompmpkbmomjyefaompmpk
lrkGg bdflkHh ndJl;K rfhoJg-oGheHhnGh
lrkGg zJhbdf jfgryg rfhjuh-
afgdfh;kyg lrkGg;kHgbdJh ;yg;kGg aKgbygjyg
jfgkJg
bkFhqkyhoJg sfg-2007 ( 2007 )
pkaqmif;a&;om;ol - xJbl;zJ
ppfaq;wnf;jzwfðyjyifol - u&ifeDtrsLd;om;pmayaumfrDwD
xkwfa0onfhESpf -2007
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jkGkJemy jfgrdJh-jkGkJemy jfgrdJh-jkGkJemy jfgrdJh-jkGkJemy jfgrdJh-jkGkJemy jfgrdJh-
1/1/1/1/1/ kJemy jfgrdJh ifrf[Hg jkHgrGg [t fg [dJ qfh afgdfh;kyg 'kuzkK,kfh
sf bkdfg'ku zkK,kfh [t rfhbf ugsJg odthkKsdtg jfgkJg sf fg bdfrfh juheGgzkdu
qfh ;ygafgdfh ;ygl;Khghh rfhl;K jfgkJg/
2/2/2/2/2/ kJemy jfgrdJh afgdfh;kyg lrkGg;kHgbdJh ;yg;kGg aKgbyhjyg jfgkJg [t
Ggiyh zJhbdf jfgryg juheGgzkdu qfh ;ygl;Kg rfhl;K sf fg'ku ;fgcf [t ;ygl;K
lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh ;kyg'ku [t ;yg dJhjfg[dJ (wtkyf) fgaHh/
3/3/3/3/3/ kJemy jfgrdJh bkxtlrHh bkxtlrkG [t fg lkugoJg;kdth lkJ qfh
zyodfg. zyoJg. zyskxth sf zy;kdfg iyh jfgkJg fgjkGg kJeGg fg'ku jfg;kfh sf
fg'ku ;fgcf/
4 4 4 4 4/ kJemy jfgrdJh lrkGgzkdf aKgldHgjtg (computer) iyhjfgkJg [t Ggiyhjfgryg eJgsdthzkdu qfh ;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg 'ku;fgcf sf afgdfh ;kyg'ku [t
aKgldHgjtg fgaHh nHh at bkJgoJgeG ;yg dJh jfg[dJsdtg/
5/5/5/5/5/ kJemy jfgrdJh ifrf vHg sG;kKg.lrkGgzkdf aKgedHgjtg [t fg eJgsdth
-----zkdu ;yglrkul;K [t aKgedHgjtg fgaHh.bkFhjuh eGgzkdu bkdfg;yg l;Kgl;K sf
jfgrygzkdu ;yg[dJ fga;Kh/
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PrefacejkGgbJ g'ku-jkGgbJ g'ku-jkGgbJ g'ku-jkGgbJ g'ku-jkGgbJ g'ku-
[t ;ygl;Kggl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh;kyg 'ku dJh jfg[dJ
(wtkyf) fgaHh sdtg rfhoJg lrGjF bkdfg'ku [t atlkugoJg fg;fgcf sf afgdfh;kyg
'ku rK fg lkdfh fg cGh sf ;kfh'ku [t bkdfg'ku ug afgdfh;kyg 'ku ugjug jfgkJg
lrG/ bfg fg bkJgjJh kJbfg afgdfh;kyg lrkGg;kHgbdJh sdtg Gjfgayg Ggiyh kJeGgzkdf
bkdfg'ku rK fg ;ug rfhoJglkauh oJg[duh bkdfg'ku lfhjug jfgskJg nHhsdtg lrG/
;kfh'ku [t bkdfg'ku ug afgdfh;kyg 'ku ugjug jfgkJg fgpJh sdtgbfg juhlkugoJg
fg'ku ;gfgcf fgiGh sf afgdfh;kyg 'ku fgiGh lrG/ nHhat lkugoJgeG fg'ku ;fgcf fgiGh
sf afgdfh;kyg 'ku sdtg eGgbdf fg'ku ;fgcf [t fg nFg sf bkdfg'ku. aHh;fh'ku
sf afgdfh;kyg 'ku fg;fgcf sdtg lrG/ jFsdtg jdthjug afgdfh;kyg lrkGg;kHgbdJh
;yg;kGg aKgbyhjyg sdtg fg [dJzkdu jkGgjfgskJg sf jkGgiGl;Kg juheGgakath rK
jF lkugoJgeG fg;fgcf fgiGh lrG/
fgrKfgrKfgrKfgrKfgrK-v#yfppf ]cyg;yg/ (fg kdfh [t cyg;ygeK jfgadJh)/
vmwf ]emyjGh/ (fg kdfh [t emy jfgadJh)/
aZmf*sD ]zKemybkyg lrkug/ (kdfh [t etu[kf jkGg,kF jfgadJh)/
"gwf ]cyxy/ (jkGgomkuhodfg [FgjGh [t xyaHh jfgadJh)/
avmu"gwf ]kJgvHgcyxy/ (jkGgomkuhodfg [FgjGh [t kJgvHg skJvHg xyaHh
jfgadJh)/
a&'D,dk ]cyg;yg';mkuh/g ([t l;mkuhoJg sf cyg;yg)/
odyH ]cyg;ygiG/ (jkGgomkuhodfg [t bKarkKh cyg;ygeK jfgadJh)/
&lyaA' ]bkKeuhcyxy/ (jkGgomkuhodfg [t jfgbkK oKzmyg jfgadJh)/
&kuQaA' ]skJa;kKcyxy/ (jkGgomkuhodfg [t lrkGg;kHg. iwKgqGg. kJgvHg
skJa;kK jfgadJh)/
"gwfqD ]sfgbyg vkatgodJh/ (omkuhodfg [t sfgbygodJh jfgadJh)/
eHygwf ]bfjuh/ ([t ;kJbkJgbf fgpJh jfgadJh)/
atmfvH ]cyg;ygjF/ (bkJglrkfg oJg;kdth sf cyg;yg jfgadJhh)/
&kyfjrifoH=um; ]bdfodJg skykath cyg;ygl;mkuh/ ([t l;mkuhoJg sf cyg;yg
jfgadJh)/
iyh jfgkJglrG/
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[t ;yg dJh jfg[dJ(wtkyf)fgaHh ;kfh'ku [t lkugoJg fg;fgcf fgiGhsdtg fg ugG
;uh lrG/ rK fg ;fcfiGh dJh jfgkJgsdtg aygrfhsdth [t ;yglrkuaHh kJbfg rfhl;Kjkt
sf 'kuGbmkyh. 'kuGbmkyh [uhjku. 'kubkJgjkGg. 'kubkJgefh. 'kul;kduhoFh sf
'ku,kH iyh jfgkJgbfg fg zkdf lrG/ jfg[tgrK fg ;fgcf oJgiGh dJh jfgkJg sdtg
eGgktbdf rK eGgjkuhsky lrG/
;yl;Kggl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh;kyg 'ku dJh fg[dJ(wtkyf)
sdtgbfg fg ;tefh;fh kyjug/ jfg[tgrK ;kJsKhJg vuhpkf sf vuhpkf bfg fg sky lrG/ nHh
at ;tefh sdtg eJgsdth efhodfglku jfgayg sf jfgayg bfg fg ;tefhodfg [Fglkfh lrG/
vuhpkfdJh afgdfh ;kygnH fgjkGg kJeGg sdtgbfg Gjfgayg fg sKhJg cyh[df sf
bkdfg'ku lrG/ pJhlkfhbfg afgdfh ;kyg'ku cybkJ zkdflkfh lrG/ nHh afgdfh
;kygnH at sKhJg zkdfsky fg'ku . nHh afgdfh ;kygnH fg'ku at cybkJ jug sdtg
fg pJh rK jF rfhoJg lrG #;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh;kyg
'kuEdJh jfg[dJ lrG/
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o ----- 106[ ----- 113t ----- 114T ----- 129{ ----- 129O ----- 129OD; ----- 130. ----- 131=o ----- 131I ----- 131Y ----- 131ÁajENN ----- 131
;yg,kHh;kdth;yg,kHh;kdth;yg,kHh;kdth;yg,kHh;kdth;yg,kHh;kdth
rmwdumrmwdumrmwdumrmwdumrmwdum
jkGgrJg jkGgadfh ;ygefg bfjuh
1/ afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgbkxt sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgbkxt
[t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh --- 6 toHxGufwl=uaomu&ifeDAsOf;tuQ&mESifhjrefrmAsOf;tuQ&mrsm; --- 6
2/ afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxt sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kg
lrkfgbkxt [t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh --- 6 toHxGufwl=uaomu&ifeDo&tuQ&mESifjrefrmo&tuQ&mrsm; --- 6
3/ afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K
[t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh jfgkJg --- 7 toHxGufwl=uaomu&ifeDpmvkH;wGJESifhjrefrmpmvkH;wGJrsm; --- 7
4/ 'ku [t fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idfh;Hh
fg'ku ;fgcf --- 20 5/ ;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf afgdfh ;kgyg'ku --- 31 jrefrmcufqpft"dyg,fukdu&ifeDvkdbmomjyefaompmpk --- 31
bkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt---;ygefg bfjuhbkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt---;ygefg bfjuhbkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt---;ygefg bfjuhbkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt---;ygefg bfjuhbkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt---;ygefg bfjuh
jrefrmtuQ&m----------pmrsufESmjrefrmtuQ&m----------pmrsufESmjrefrmtuQ&m----------pmrsufESmjrefrmtuQ&m----------pmrsufESmjrefrmtuQ&m----------pmrsufESm
x ----- 59' ----- 62" ----- 64e ----- 65y ----- 69z ----- 74A ----- 78b ----- 79r ----- 82, ----- 88& ----- 90v ----- 950 ----- 103
u ----- 31c ----- 36* ----- 39C ----- 41i ----- 41p ----- 43q ----- 48Z ----- 51ps ----- 52Om ----- 52n ----- 52X ----- 53w ----- 54
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afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgbkxt sf bkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt [t fg lrkfgoJgafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgbkxt sf bkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt [t fg lrkfgoJgafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgbkxt sf bkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt [t fg lrkfgoJgafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgbkxt sf bkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt [t fg lrkfgoJgafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgbkxt sf bkdfg;yg l;Kgbkxt [t fg lrkfgoJg
idf;Hh jfgkJgidf;Hh jfgkJgidf;Hh jfgkJgidf;Hh jfgkJgidf;Hh jfgkJg
toHxGufwl=uaomu&ifeDAsOf;tuQ&meSif h jrefrm AsOf;tuQ&mrsm;toHxGufwl=uaomu&ifeDAsOf;tuQ&meSif h jrefrm AsOf;tuQ&mrsm;toHxGufwl=uaomu&ifeDAsOf;tuQ&meSif h jrefrm AsOf;tuQ&mrsm;toHxGufwl=uaomu&ifeDAsOf;tuQ&meSif h jrefrm AsOf;tuQ&mrsm;toHxGufwl=uaomu&ifeDAsOf;tuQ&meSif h jrefrm AsOf;tuQ&mrsm;
afgdfh;kyg bkdf afgdfh;ky bkdfg
;ygl;Kgbkxt ;ygl;Kgbkxt ;ygl;Kgbkxt ;ygl;Kgbkxt
a = u s = e
v = c l = y
x = * C n = z
' = i b = r
w = p [kf = ' "
c = q ekf = b A
,kf = Z ps d = & ,
p = n-O ; = v
j = w m = 0
o = x i = o
k = [
iyh jfgkJg lrG/
afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxt sf bkdfg;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxtafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxt sf bkdfg;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxtafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxt sf bkdfg;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxtafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxt sf bkdfg;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxtafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxt sf bkdfg;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxt
[t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Jh jfgkJg/ [t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Jh jfgkJg/ [t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Jh jfgkJg/ [t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Jh jfgkJg/ [t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Jh jfgkJg/
toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDom&tuQ&mESif h jrefrmom&tuQ&mpmvkH;rsm;toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDom&tuQ&mESif h jrefrmom&tuQ&mpmvkH;rsm;toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDom&tuQ&mESif h jrefrmom&tuQ&mpmvkH;rsm;toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDom&tuQ&mESif h jrefrmom&tuQ&mpmvkH;rsm;toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDom&tuQ&mESif h jrefrmom&tuQ&mpmvkH;rsm;
afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kg bkdfg;ygl;Kg afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kg bkdfg;ygl;Kg
lrkfgbkxt lrkfgbkxt lrkfgbkxt lrkfgbkxt
f = t tf = twf tyf
y = td ty = tifh
u = tkdh tu = tkwf tkyf tkHh
G = tJ fkf = trfh tefh
G: = tuf iyh jfg kJg lrG/
H = tk
J = ath
K = atm
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tT = tkduf
fktT = tkdifh
tY= O
tU = tdwf tdyf
tI = atmuf
fktI = atmifh
afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K[tafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K[tafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K[tafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K[tafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K[t
fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh jfgkJg/fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh jfgkJg/fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh jfgkJg/fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh jfgkJg/fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh jfgkJg/
toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJESif h jrefrmtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJrsm;toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJESif h jrefrmtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJrsm;toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJESif h jrefrmtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJrsm;toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJESif h jrefrmtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJrsm;toHxGufwl=uaom u&ifeDtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJESif h jrefrmtuQ&mpmvkH;wGJrsm;
a a a a a =;ygl;Kgl;K-
af =u amtT: =uGdKuf akGg =u,f
ay =ud amtT =uGdKifh akty =upf unf
au: =udkh aty =uifh amG =uGJ
aG =uJ atu =ukwf ukyf amG: =uGuf
aG: =uuf akf =urfh uefh amJ =auGh
aH =uk akty =unfh upf amkGg =uG,f
aJ =au aktu =ukrfh ukefh atf=uyf uwf
aK =aum amf =uG amtf =uGyf uGwf
atT =udkuf amkf =uGrfh uGefh
aktT =ukdifh amy =uGd
atU =udwf amty =uGifh
aktU =udrfh udefh amtu =uGwf uGyf
atI =aumuf amkty =uGnf uGpf
aktI =aumif amktu =uGrfh uGefh
v =v =v =v =v =;ygl;Kgl;K-
vf =c vty =cifh vmkGg =cG,f
vtf =cyf cwf vtu =ckyf ckwf vmtT: =cGdKuf
vy =cd vkf =crfh cefh vmtT =cGdKifh
vu =cdkh vkty =cpf cnf
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vG =cJ vktu =ckrfh ckefh
vG: =cuf vmf =cG
vH =ck vmtf =cGyf cGwf
vJ =ach vmty =cGifh
vK =acg vmy =cGd
vtT =ckduf vmtu =cGyf cGwf
vktT =ckdifh vmkty=cGpf cGnf
vtU =cdyf cdwf vmktu=cGrfh cGefh
vktU =cdrfh cdefh vmJ =acGh
vtI =acguf vmG =cGJ
vktI =acg ifh vmG: =cGuf
x =x =x =x =x =;yl;Kgl;K
xf =8 xtU =8dyf 8dwf xmJh =a8G;
xtf =8yf 8wf xmktuh =8Grf; xK =a8g
xkug =8k%f xktug =8kH
xktTh =8kd%f; xktuh =8kH;
' ' ' ' ' =;ygl;Kgl;K-
'f =i 'G =iJ 'G: =iuf 'H =ik 'tu =ikyf ikwf
'tf =iyf iwf 'sG =iSJ 'sG: =iSuf 'tI =aiguf 'ty =iifh
'sf =iS 'u =idkh 'tT: =idkuf 'ktI =aigifh 'kty =ipf inf
'stf =iSyf iSwf 'J =aih 'ktT =ikdifh 'mf =iG 'ktu =idrfh idefh
'y =id 'K =aig 'tU =idyf idwf 'mJ =aiGh 'mktu =iGrfh iGefh
'mty =iGifh 'mtu =iGyf iGwf 'stT =iSKduf
w w w w w =;ygl;Kgl;K-
wf=p wtT: =pdkuf wtU =pdyf pdwf wmG: =pGuf
wtf =pyf pwf wktT =pdkifh wktU =pdrfh pdef wmtTg =pG,f
wG =pJ wt:I =apmuf wmf =pG wmG =pGJ
wy =pdd wktI =apmifh wmtf =pGyf pGwf
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wu =pkdh wty =pifh wmkf =pGrfh pGefh
wH =pk wtu =pkyf pkwf wmty =pGifh
wJ =aph wkf =prfh pefh wmtu =pGyf pGwf
wK =apm wkty =ppf pnfh wmkty =pGpf pGnhf
wG: =puf wktu =pkrfh pkefh wmktu =pGrfh pGefh
c c c c c =;ygl;Kgl;K-
cf =q ct:T =qkduf cktu =qkrfh qkefh cmkty =qGpf qGnf
ctf =qyf qwf cktT =qkdifh cmf =qG cmktu =qGrfh qGefh
cG =qJ ctU =qdyf qdwf cmy =qGd
cy =qd cktU =qdrfh qdefh cmJ =aqhG
cu =qkdh ctI: =aqmuf cmG =qGJ
cH =qk cktI =aqmifh cmtTg =qG,f
cJ =aqh cty =qifh cmtf =qGyf qGwf
cK =aqm ctu =qkyf qkwf cmtu =qGyf qGwf
cG: =quf ckty =qpf qnfh cmty =qGifh
p p p p p =;ygl;Kgl;K-
pf =n ptT: =ndKuf pkty =npf nnf ptu =nKyf nKwf
ptf =nyf nwf pktT =ndKifh psf =nS pktu =nKrfh nKefh
pG =nJ ptU =ndyf ndwf pstf =nSyf nSwf pmktu =nGrfh nGefh
py =nd ptI: =anmuf psy =nSd psmktu=n$rfh n$ef
pu =nd pktI =anmifh pG: =nuf pktU =ndrfh ndefh
pJ =an pty =nifh psktI =anSmifh
pG: =nuf ptu =nKyf nKwf pskty =nSpf nSnf
pH =nK pkf =nrfh nefh pmtu =nGyf nGwf
pK =anm pkJ =ndrfh ndefh psmtu =n$yf n$wf
j j j j j =;yl;Kgl;K-
jf =w jt:T =wkduf jktu =wkrfh wkefh jmtT =wGuf
jtf =wyf wwf jktT =wkdifh jkf =wrfh wefh jktTg =wG,f
11
jG =wJ jt:I =awmuf jmf =wG
jG: =wuf jktI =awmifh jmtf =wGyf wGwf
jy =wd jty =wifh jmty =wGifh
ju =wdkh jtu =wkyf wkwf jmtu =wGyf wGwf
jH =wk jtU =wdyf wdwf jmktu =wGrfh wGefh
jJ =awh jktU =wdrfh wdefh jmkty =wGpf wGnf
jK =awm jkty =wpf wnf jmJ =awGh
ooooo =====;ygl;Kgl;K-
of =x otT: =xkduf omf =xG
otf =xyf xwf oktT =xkdifh omty =xGifh
oG =xJ ot:I =axmuf omtu =xGyf xGwf
oG: =xuf oktI =axmifh omkty =xGpf xGnf
oy =xd oty =xifh omktu =xGrfh xGefh
ou =xkdh otu =xkyf xkwf omJ =axhG
oJ =axh okf =xrfh xefh omtT =xGuf
oH =xk okty =xpf xnf omtf =xGyf xGwf
oK =axm oktu =xkrfh xkefh omy =xGd
sssss =====;ygl;Kgl;K-
sf =e stT: =ekduf ssf =ES smf =EG
stf =eyf ewf sktT =Ekdifh ssty =ESifh smty =EGifh
sG =eJ st:I =aemuf sskty =ESpf ESnfh smJ =aEGh
sG: =euf sktT =aemifh ssK =aEShm smtf =EGyf EGwf
sy =ed sty =eifh sstI =aESmifh smtu =EGyf EGwf
su =Ekdh stu =eKyf eKwf ssJ =aESh smtTgT =EG,f
sJ =aeh skf =erfh eefh ssktu =ESKrfh ESKefh smktu =EGrfh EGefh
sH =Ek skty =epf enfh sstU =ESdyf EdSwf smG =EGJ
sK =aem sktu =eKrfh eKefh ssG =ESJ smkty =EGpf EGnfh
sstI: =aESmuf ssG: =ESuf
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l l l l l =;ygl;Kgl;K-
lf =y ltU =ydyf ydwf ldty =ysifh lkdK =ajym
ltf =yyf ywf lktU =ydrfh ydefh ldtu =ysLyf ysLwf lkdtT =jydLifh
lG =yJ lmf =yG ldH =ysL lkdtT: =jydKuf
lG: =yuf lmG =yGGJ ldG =ysJ lkdtU =jydyf jydwf
ly =yd lmtT: =yGdKuf ldG: =ysuf lkdtI =ajymifh
lu =ydkh lmJ =ayGh ldt:T =yskdLuf lkdtI: =ajymuf
lJ =ayh lmy =yGd ldtT =ysLdifh lkdtu =jyKyf jyKwf
lH =yk lmty =yGifh ldK =aysmh lkdty =jyifh
lK =ayg lmtu =yGyf yGwf ldtI: =aysmuf lmkdf =jyG
ltT =ydkuf lmkty =yGpf yGnfh ldtI =aysmifh lmkdtu =jyGyf jyGwf
lktT =ykdifh lmktu =yGrfh yGefh lkdf =jy lmkdty =jyGifh
ltI =ayguf lmtTg =yG,f lkdtf =jyyf jywf lmkdtf =jyGyf jywf
lktI =aygifh lmktT =yGdKifh lkdG =jyJ lmkdtug=jyGrf jyGef
lkf =yrfh yefh lmG: =yGuf lkdG: =jyuf
lty =yifh ldf =ys lkdy =jyd
ltu =ykyf ykwf ldy =ysd lkdu =jydKh
lkty =ypf ynfh ldu =ysdLh lkdH =jyK
lktu =ykrfh ykefh ldJ =aysh lkdJ =ajyh
lmdf =ysG lmdtu =ysGwf lmdG =ysGJ
n n n n n =;ygl;Kgl;K-
nf =z ntU =zdyf zdwf ndJ =azsh nkdty =jzifh
ntf =zyf zwf nktU =zdrfh zdefh ndH =zsKK nkdtu =jzKyf jzKwf
nG =zJ nmf =zG ndtT =zsdKKifh nkdJ =ajzh
nG: =zuf nmty =zGifh ndtT: =zsdKKuf nkdH =jzK
ny =zd nmtu =zGyf zGwf ndtU =zsdyf zsdwf nkdtT =jzdKifh
nu =zkdh nmtf =zGyf zGwf ndK =azsm nkdtT: =jzdKuf
nJ =azh nmG =zGJh ndtI =azsmifh nkdtI =ajzmifh
nH =zk nmG: =zGuf ndt:I =azsmuf nkdtI: =ajzmuf
nK =azg nmtTg =zG,f ndtf =zsyf zswf nkdK =ajzm
13
nkf =zrfh zefh nmy =zGd ndty =zsifh nmkdf =jzG
nty =zifh nmu =zGHh ndtu =zsKKyf zsKKwf nmkdJ =ajzGh
ntu =zkyf zkwf nmJ =azGh nmdf =zsG nmkdtu =jzGyf jzGwf
nkty =zpf znfh ndf =zs nmdty =zsGifh
nktu =zkrfh zkefh ndtf =zsyf zswf nmdJ =azsG
ntT =zkduf ndG =zsJ nkdf =jz
nktT =zkdifh ndG: =zsuf nkdtf =jzyf jzwf
ntI =azguf ndy =zsd nkdy =jzd
nktI =azg ifh ndu =zsdKKh nkdG =jzJ
b =b =b =b =b =;ygl;Kgl;K-
bf =r bskty =rSpf rSnfh bkdf =jr
btf =ryf rwf bmf =rG bkdtf =jryf jrwf
bG =rJ bmtf =rGyf rGwf bkdty =jrifh
bG: =ruf bmty =rGifh bkdtu =jrKyf jrKwf
by =rd bmtu =rGyf rGwf bkdu =jrdKh
bu =rkdh bmkty =rGpf rGwf bkdy =jrd
bJ =arh bmktu =rGrfh rGefh bkdG =jrJ
bH =rk bsmf =r$ bkdJ =ajrh
bK =arm bsmJ =ar$h bkdK =ajrm
bkf =rrfh refh bdf =rs bkdtT =jrdLifh
bty =rifh bdtf =rsyf rswf bkdtT: =jrdKuf
btu =rkyf rkwf bsdf =r# bkdtI =ajrmifh
bkty =rpf rnfh bdty =rsifh bkdtI: =ajrmuf
bktu =rkrfh rkefh bdtu =rsKKyf rsKKwf bkkdty =jrpf jrnfh
btT =rkduf bdG =rsJ bkkdtu =jrKrfh jrKefh
bktT =rkdifh T bdu =rsdKKh bmkdG: =jrGuf
btI =armuf bdy =rsd bmkdG =jrGJ
bktI =armifh bdtT =rsdKKifh
bsf =rS bdtT: =rsdKKuf
bsG =rSJ bdtI =arsmifh
14
bsJ =arSh bdtI: =arsmuf
bstI =arSmuf bdG: =rsuf
[ [ [ [ [ =;ygl;Kgl;K-
[kf =' " [ktT ='kdifh [kkmty ='Gpf 'Gnfh
[ktf ='yf "gwf [ktT: ='dkuf [kkmtu ='Grfh 'Gefh
[kG ='J [ktI =a'gifh [kmtTg ='G,f
[ky ='d "d [ktI: =a'guf
[ku ='dkh [kkty ='pf 'nfh
[kG: ='uf [kktu ='krfh 'kefh
[kJ =a'h [kmf ='G
[kK =a'g [kmty='Gifh
[kty ='ifh [kmtu ='Gyf 'Gwf
[ktu ='kyf 'kwf [kmG ='GJ
e e e e e =;ygl;Kgl;K-
ekf =b A ektT =bkdifh ekkmty =bGpf bGnfh
ektf =byf bwf ektT: =bkduf ekkmtu =bGrfh bGefh
ekG =bJ ektI =abmifh ekmtTg =bG,f
eky =bd ektI: =abmuf
eku =bdkh ekkty =bpf bnfh
ekG: =buf ekktu =bkrfh bkefh
ekJ =abh ekmf =bG
ekK =abg ekmty =bGifh
ekty =bifh ekmtu =bGyf bGwf
ektu =bkyf bkwf ekmG =bGJ
eug; =Akdvf eH =bk
d d d d d =;ygl;Kgl;K-
df =& dky =,d dmf =&G
dkf =, &rfh dku =,kdh dmtf =&Gyf &Gwf
dtf =&yf &wf dkJ =a,h dmG =&GJ
15
dktf =,yf ,wf dkK =a,m dmG: =&Guf
dkkf =,rfh ,efh dkty =,ifh dmJ =a&Gh
dG =&Jh dtu =&kyf &kwf dmty =&Gifh
dG: =&uf dtT =&dkifh dmtT =&GLifh
dkG =,J dtT: =&kduf dmtT: =&GLduf
dkG: =,uf dtI =a&mifh dmtTg =&G,f
dy =&d dtI: =a&muf dsmf =&$
du =&kdh dktu =,kyf ,kwf dkmf =,G
dJ =a&h dktT =,kdifh dkmty =,Gifh
dK =a&m dktT: =,kduf dkmtu =,Gyf ,Gwf
dty =&ifh dktI =a,mifh dsmJ =a&$h
dH =&k dktI: =a,muf dsmty =&$ifh
; ; ; ; ; =;ygl;Kgl;K-
;f =v ;sG =vSJh ;df =vs
;tf =vyf vwf ;sG: =vSuf ;sdf =v#
;kf =vrfh vefh ;sJ =avhS ;dty =vsifh
;G =vJ ;sty =vSifh ;sdty =v#ifh
;G: =vuf ;stu =vSKyf vSKwf ;dy =vsd
;y =vd ;skty =vSpf vSnfh ;du =vsdKKh
;u =vdkh ;mf =vG ;sdu =v#dKKh
;J =avh ;smf =v$ ;dK =avsm
;H =vk ;mG =vGJ ;dtI =avsmifh
;K =avm ;mG: =vGuf ;dtI: =avsmuf
;sf =vS ;my =vGd ;skdty =v#pf v#nfh
;ty =vifh ;mty =vGifh ;dH =vsKKh
;tu =vkyf vkwf ;mtu =vGyf vGwf ;sdu =v#dKKh
;kty =vpf vnfh ;kmty =vGpf vGnfh ;sdtI =av#mifh
;ktu =vkrfh vkefh ;kmtu =vGrfh vGefhh ;sdtI: =av#muf
;mtTg =vG,f ;mJ =avGh
;tU =vdyf vdwf ;ktU =vdrfh vdefh
16
m m m m m =;ygl;Kgl;K-
mf =0 mtT =0kdifh mty =0ifh
mtf =0yf 0wf mtT: =0dkuf mkty =0pf 0nfh
mG =0J mtI =a0gifh mktu =0krfh 0kefh
mG: =0uf mtI: =a0guf mstT: =0SdKuf
my =0d mktT =0dkifh msktT =0SdKifh
mu =0dkh mktI =a0gifh mkf =0rfh 0efh
mH =0k mtu =0kyf 0kwf mf: =0Hh
mJ =a0h mtU =0dyf 0dwf
mK =a0g mktU =0drfh 0defh
mkf =0rfh 0efh msJ =a0Sh
i i i i i =;ygl;Kgl;K-
if =o itu =okyf okwf imty =oGifh
itf =oyf owf iktu =okrfh okefh imtu =oGyf oGwf
ikf =orfh oefh itT =odkifh imG =oGJ
iG =oJ itT: =odkuf imG: =oGuf
iG: =ouf iktT =okdifh imJ =aoGh
iy =od itI =aomifh imktu =oGrfh oGefh
iu =odkh itI: =aomuf imy =oGd
iJ =aoh iktI =aomifh imtTg =oG,f
iH =ok itU =odyf odwf
iK =aom iktU =odrfh odefh
ity =oifh imf =oG
ikty =opf onfh imtf =oGyf oGwf
k k k k k =;ygl;Kgl;K-
kf =[ ktT =[kdifh kmtT =[GKdifh
ktf =[yf [wf ktT: =[kduf kmtT: =[GdKuf
kkf =[rfh [efh ktI =a[mifh kmG: =[Guf
kG =[J ktI: =a[muf
kG: =[uf ktU =[dyf [dwf
17
ky =[d kktU =[drfh [defh
ku =[dkh kkty =[pf [nfh
kH =[k kktu =[krfh [kefh
kJ =a[ kmf =[G
kK =a[m kmJ =a[Gh
kty =[ifh kmty =[Gifh
ktu =[kyf [kwf kmtu =[Gyf [Gwf
z z z z z =;ygl;Kgl;K-
zdf =us zdty =usifh zkdJ =a-uh
zdtf =usyf uswf zdtu =usKKyf usKKwf zkdK =a-um
zdG =usJ zmdf =uGs zkdty =-uifh
zdG: =usuf zmdty=usGifh zkdtT =-udKKifh
zdy =usd zmdtu =usGyf usGwf zkdtT: =-udKKuf
zdu =usdKKh zmdJ =ausGh zkdtU =-udyf -udwf
zdJ =aus zmdG =usGJ zkddtU =-udrfh -udefh
zdK =ausm zmdy=usdG zkdtI =a-umifh
zdtT =usdKKifh zmkdty =usGpf usGnfh zkdtI: =a-umuf
zdtT: =usdKKuf zmdtTg =usG,f zmkdf =-uG
zdtI =ausmifh zmddtu =usGrfh usGehf zmkdty =-uGifh
zdtI: =ausmuf zkdf =-u zmkdy =-uGd
zdtU =uDsyf usdwf zkdtf =-uyf -uwf zmkdJ =a-uGh
zddtU =usdrfh usdefh zkdG =-uJ zmkdtTg =-uG,f
zddf =usrfh usefh zkdG: =-uuf zmkdG =-uGJ
zddty =uspf usnfh zkdy =-ud zmkdG: =-uGuf
zddtu =usKKrfh usKKefh zkdu =-udKKh zmkdtu =-uGyf –uGwf
cdf cdf cdf cdf cdf =;ygl;Kgl;K-
cdf =&S cdtT =&SdKKifh
cdtf =&Syf &Swf cdtT: =&SdKKuf
cdty =&Sifh cdtI =a&Smifh
18
cdtu =&SKKyf &SKKwf cdtI: =a&Smuf
cdy =&Sd cdtU =&Sdyf &Sdwf
cdG =&SJ ckdtU =&Sdrfh &Sdefh
cdG: =&Suf cdtTg =&S,f
cdu =&SdKKh csmdJ =a&$h
cdJ =a&Sh csmdty =&$ifh
cdK =a&Sm
ckdf =&Srfh &Sefh
ckdty =&Spf &Snfh
ckdtu=&SKKrf &SKKefh
cdH =&SKK
zcf zcf zcf zcf zcf ;ygl;Kgl;K-
zcdf =cs zcmG =csGJ zckdtI: =ajcmuf
zcdtf =csyf cswf zcmG: =csGuf zckdu =jcdKh
zcdty =csifh zcmJ =acsGh zckkdty =jcpf jcnfh
zcdtu =csKKyf csKKwf zcmu =csGrfh csGef zckkdtu =jcKrfh jcefh
zcdG =csJ zcmy =csGd zcmkf =jcG
zcdG: =csuf zckdf =jc zckmtf =jcGyf jcGwf
zcdy=csd zckdtf =jcyf jcwf zckmty =jcGifh
zcdu =csdKKh zckdty =jcifh zckmy =jcGd
zcdJ =acs zckdtu =jcKyf jcKwf zckmG =jcGJ
zcdK =acsm zckdG =jcJ zckmtu=jcGyf jcGwf
zcddf =csrfh csefh zckdH =jcK zckmJ =ajcGh
zcddty=cspf csnfh zckdy =jcd zckmu =jcGHHh
zcddtu =csKKrfh csKKefh zckdG: =jcuf zcmtu =csGyf csGwf
zcdH =csL zckdJ =ajch zckdK =ajcmifh
zcmf =csG zckdK =ajcm
zcmtf =csGyf csGwf zckdtT =jcdKKifh
zcmty =csGifh zckdtT: =jcdKuf
19
afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K [t fg lrkfgafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K [t fg lrkfgafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K [t fg lrkfgafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K [t fg lrkfgafgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K [t fg lrkfg
idf;Hh jfgkJg/idf;Hh jfgkJg/idf;Hh jfgkJg/idf;Hh jfgkJg/idf;Hh jfgkJg/
fkyg =T etu[kf =yk'< fgxtf =tm*~~~~
sstT =Y ltucwfg =ykp>m fjtfeKh =twWabm
fkK =-o myltf =0dygwf fjtfkyjf =twW[dw
dkJ =I ltubf =yk'fr okfglfgskfg =Xmyem
fkJ ={ tYltusJ =Oykofaeh fokfbf =tXr
jfgrJckfg =w&dp>mef ltugskfh =ykÀm; tuafgotf =OuUX
ekJg[kf =aA' ltugifg[kfg =ykHo¿mef aH;fifgbGxtf =ukvor*~
;G:vfgskfg =vuQ%g fgbdHjJg =tjrKaw
[ktf ="gwf dHglfgdtug =&lyg&kH
muotY=0xWK dJgcdHvry =a,&k c&pf
zkdug; =j8dKKvf ptfHhdtfg =nOfhOD;,H
sG:vf =euQ wG:dfgjfgdfh=puf,E W&m;
fotulfjy =txWKywWd bkfhjfgdfheJg[tyg =rE W&m;aA 'if
my[Hgrf =0d'l& cdtygifgbfgskJg =&Sifomra%
[tuvf ='kuQ Gvfgdkfg =tuQ&m
;ktyg=vdif kybfmtugjkfg =[dr0 E Wm
itfjoH =owWK mtuo =0Éf
mJgifgjrfg =a0om E W&m fkJgatfgjf ={u E W
ekfkugd =A[dk&f fgatfgjkH =tm8E WK
jtTafgiug; =wuUodkvf y =Á
itfjfgmkfg =owW0g fktyiGg ={nfhonf
afgdfh;kyg l;Kgl;K sdtg rfhlrkfgoJg sf bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K bfg
fg lrkfgoJzkdf ;kKh lrG/ jfg[tgrK afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg;yg
l;Kgl;K [t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh sdtg eGgJg bfgsky lrG/ bfg fg bkJgjyhjJh kJbfg
bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K fgjkGg lrkfgoJg sf fg'ku ;fgcf sdtg fg kdfh nHh [t fg;kGh
dJhsdtg lrG/-
bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K [t fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf ;ygl;Kg [tvdJh;t jfgl;Kg-
fgrK-
a-umif ]odu/
20
a-umuf ]iJcJhg/ fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf ;ygl;Kg [tvdJh;t =uf sf =if sdtg lrG/
cspf ]bkugsky/
csnf ];dtg/ fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf ;ygl;Kg [tcdJh;t =pf sf =nf sdtg lrG/
urf; ]odJhoFh/
uef; ]bygiGg;Gh/ fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf ;ygl;Kg [tvdJh;t =rf; sf =ef; sdtg lrG/
xkyf ]eug/
xkwf ]ndJoJgadfh/ Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf ;ygl;Kg [tcdJh;t =yf sf =wf lrG/
bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K [t fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf lrkfg(o&) jfgkJg/
fgrK-
av; ]odtg/
vif; ]fg;yh/ fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf lrkfg(o&) a=; sf =if; sdtg lrG/
-uyf ]jfgzdJh/
usyf ]rFh jfgeGg/ fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf lrkfg(o&) -= sf =s sdtg lrG/
udkuf ]ffg/
udkif; ]iwKgndfh/ fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf lrkfg(o&) =dkuf sf =dkif; sdtg lrG/
bkdfg ;ygl;Kgl;K [t fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf ;ygl;Kgbkxt(AsOf;) jfgkJg/
fgrK-0uf ]odf/
vuf ]jfgvHg/ fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf ;ygl;Kgbkxt(AsOf;) 0 sf v sdtglrG/
av; ]okxtg/
a0; ],kdJg/ fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf ;ygl;Kgbkxt(AsOf;) v sf 0 sdtglrG/
auG; ]jfgakKg/ [fvKh/
acG; ]omyg/ fg Jg fg'ku ;fgcf sf ;ygl;Kgbkxt(AsOf;) u sf c sdtg lrG/
bkdfg;ygl;Kg sdtg ayg eJgodfg fg;Gg(toyf) [t ;ygl;Kgbkxt(AsOf;) fgvHg
kJsdtgbfg ;ygl;Kgbkxt sdtg jfgl;K bfg fg omkuhodfgadfh lrkfg(o&) lrG/
fgrK -uf =,f =yf =wf =ef =rf iyh jfgkJg lrG/
afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kgl;K sf bkdfg;ygl;Kgl;K [t fg lrkfgoJg idf;Hh dJhsdtg
rfhlrkfgoJg lrG 'ku [t fglrkfg[fh;t(fg lrkfgodfg;t) sdtg lrG/ aygiJ
bkJglrkfg;kdfg(bkJglrkfgzkdug) fg kJbfg [t afgdfh;kyg ;ygl;Kg sdtg
juheJgsdth -g . -h iyhlrG/ [t bkdfg;ygl;Kg sdtg juheJgsdth =m / =mf / =: =/ =l / =D
iyh sdtg jfgkJg lrG/
21
'ku [t fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'ku'ku [t fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'ku'ku [t fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'ku'ku [t fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'ku'ku [t fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'ku
;fgcf/ ;fgcf/ ;fgcf/ ;fgcf/ ;fgcf/
afgdfh ;kygnH fg;kfh fg'ku fgjkGg kJeGg lrkfgoJg bfg fg idf;Hhjug/ jfg[Kh sf
jfg[Kh jfgbth sf jfgbth fgjkGg kJeGg lrkfgoJg bfg vuvdJh;Hh lrG/ jfg[Kh [Kh bfg fg
kJeGg zmygzkGskfg jfg[Kh[Kh bfg kJeGg lrkfgcdug lrkfgcKh cyl;F cycdJg. jfg[Kh[Kh
bfg kJeGg zmygodfg jfg[Kh[Kh bfg kJeGg zmyg;kdfg lrG/ afgdfh ;kygnH ;kKhl;yh
fgjkGg sKhJg ;ygl;Kgbkxt bfg fg idf;Hh jfg[tgrK fg sKhJg lrkfg sdtgbfg fgvu;Hh
jFrK kJeGg lrkfgoJg vuvdJh;Hh lrG/ bfg fg bkJgjJh kJbfg afgdfh ;kygnH 'ku sdtg
rfhbf sf ;yg;kGgjug [t fg afg;Hlfh rKjF kJeGg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh lrG/
sky[fh jkfhjkfh afgdfh jfglrkGg fgjkGg kJeGg sdtgbfg vuhpkf fglrkfgoJg
jfgztg cdJhlkfh fglrkfgoJg jfgztg lrG/ ayg kJ fgrK bfg-vuhpkf fg kJ sf qfh iG,kF
cdJhlkfh fgkJ sf qfh iJ,kF nHhsdtg lrG RRrK WiGW sf WiJWbfg fgjkfh sf fg'ku
;fgcf idf;kHh lrG/
vuhpkf fg kJ sf qfh bdfodJg cdJhlkfh fg kJ sf qfh bGotg nHhsdtgrK
#bdfodJg$ sf #bGotg$ bfg fg 'ku;fgcf idf;Hh lrG/ vuhpkf fg kJ sf qfh
l;mkuhadfh jkGiF cdJlkfh fg kJ sf qfh l;kduhadfh jkGgiF cdJhlkfh fg kJ sf
qfh l;mkfhadfh jkGgiF nHhsdtgrK #l;mkuh$ #l;kduh$. #l;mkfh$ sdtgbfg fg'ku
;fgcf jfgztgjdth lrG/ afgdfh jfglrkGg sdtg vuhpkf fg kJ lkH jfg[dth. cdJhlkfh fg
kJ lkH jfg[kxth nHhsdtgrK #jfg[dth$ sf #jfg[kxth$ bfg fg'ku ;fgcf idf;Hh
lrG/ afgdfh jfglrkGg sdtg vuhpkf fg kJ qfh sdth [t fgaHh. cdJhlkfh fg kJ qfhskxth
[t fgaHh.nHhsdtgrK #sdth$ sf #skxth$ bfg fg'ku ;fgcf idf;Hh lrG/ dJhbfg [t
jkGgkJeGg rKhrGh;Hh fgvHg fgvdJh lrG/ jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ sf bkJgakat bkJgvfJg.
jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fgkJ sf bkJakF bkJvfJg nHhsdtgrK #akat$ sf #akF$ sdtgbfg
fg'ku ;fgcf idf;Hh lrG/
jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ sf bygiGgodJh. jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ sf bGgiGgodJh nHhsdtgrK
#byg$ sf #bGg$ bfg fg'ku ;fgcf idf;hH lrG/ jkGgkJeGg rKhrGh vdJh;HdJhh aygrdu
idf [t fgvfhcdJh bfg jfg[Kh sf jfg[Kh.jfgbth sf jfgbth sdtg fgjkGg kJeGg lrkfgoJg
vu;Hh jfgaKh jfgayg lrG/ jfg[tgrK eyh jfg[Kh sf jfg[Kh jfgbth sf jfgbth jkfhcFg
jkfhl;K ;HhrK kJeGg vdJh;Hh fg vGhsdtg nHhatrkGh iJpJhrdf vdJh;Hh jkGgkJeGg
sdtg arkduhkJeGg akath vdJh;HhvdJh RrKjF omkuhodfg jkGgkJeGg rKhrGh lrG/
jkGgkJeGg rKhrGh bfg kJeGg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfg[tgrK fg'ku ;fgvf idf;Hh lrG/
22
jFsdtg jdthjug jfg[Kh sf jfg[Kh.jfgbth sf jfgbth fgjkGg lkugoJg jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg
iwKgqGg fgbmkyh bfg fg vuvdJh;Hh. jkGgsKhJg ;ygl;Kgbkxt bfg fg idf;Hh jfg[tgrK
jkGgsKhJg #lrkfg$ bfg fg vu;Hh jFrK jkGgkJeGg sdtg fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh lrG/ jfg[tgrK
jkGgkJeGg lrkfgoJgvu sdtg fg'ku ;fgcf idf;Hh lrG/
nHhsdtgrK [t ;yg[dJ #;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf;ygl;Kgl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf
afgdfh ;kyg'kuafgdfh ;kyg'kuafgdfh ;kyg'kuafgdfh ;kyg'kuafgdfh ;kyg'ku$ fgaHh dJhsdtg rfhlrkfgoJg lrGsf 'ku lrkfgoJg jfgztgjdth lrG/
nHhsdtgRrK nHh HhGlrkGg atrkGh iJpJhakath fg'ku ;fgcf sdtg rfhoJgakath #'ku
[t fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfg[tgrK Hh sKhJgidf;Hh fg'ku ;fgcf$ nHh [t fg;kGh dJhsdtg
lrG/
'ku [t lrkfgoJg vu;Hh- fg'ku ;fgcf-'ku [t lrkfgoJg vu;Hh- fg'ku ;fgcf-'ku [t lrkfgoJg vu;Hh- fg'ku ;fgcf-'ku [t lrkfgoJg vu;Hh- fg'ku ;fgcf-'ku [t lrkfgoJg vu;Hh- fg'ku ;fgcf-
a-
akdfh=akGh -----------------bygakdfh=bygakGh/
akdf=akG------------------akdfa;G=akGa;G/
akat=akF------------------bkJgakat bkJgvf=bkJgakF bkJgvf/
a;dJ=adf-----------------Ggiyh a;dJvdJh;Hh=Ggiyh adfvdJh;Hh/
akGa;dJ[du=akGadf[mf/
a;mkug=a;Hg=a;mfg-----------fg a;mkug nkathvyh=fga;Hg nkathvyh=fga;mfg
nkathvyh/
akdfg=akGg----------------- fgakdfg;fh=fgakGg;fh/
arkduh=armfh=armkuh--------arkduh qfhvdJh=armfh qGhvdfh/
a;mu=a;mf-----------------fgnf jfga;mu=fgnf jfga;mf/
arH=armf------------------ fgarH qyg;fh=fgarmf qyg;fh/
adf=aG------------------- adf vfgnf=aG vfgnf/
ardth=arkuh---------------- fg ardth fg;kGg;fh=fgarkuh fg;kGg;fh/
akdfh =akGh---------------- akdfhaHh=akGhaHh/
akaug=amkug=amkfg----------- eJgakaugsky=eJgamkugsky=eJgamkfgsky/
amkyh=amkuh=amkfh---------- amkyhjkfh=amkuhjkfh=amkfhjkfh/
v-
vkatg=vug------------------- bygvkatg=bygvug/
vkau=vmku=vmkf------------ l;dJgjfgeuh fg vkau;fh=l;dJggjfgeuh fg
vmku;fh=l;ktgjfgeuh fgvmkf;fh/
23
vkau=vmu=vmf------------- fgvkau ug jfgbJh=fgvmu ug jfgbJh=fgbmf ug
jfgbJh/
vdJ=vdf------------------ qfh vdJ;fh=qfg vdf;fh/
vkdfg=vkGg----------------- [yg jfgeGg fgvkdfg oHh;fh=[yg jfgeGg fgvkGg
oHh;fh/
vdf=vkG--------------------eHhvHgvdf=eHhvHgvkG/
vkaug=vmkug=vmkfg------------- omyg jfg[dth fgvkaug ug;fh=omyg jfg[dth
fgvmkug ug;fh=omyg jfg[uh fgvmkfg ug;fh/
vdJh=vth------------------- fgvdJhzdth=fgvthzuh/
vdfh=vkGh------------------- fg vdJh;fh fgcGh=fg vkGh;fh fgcGh/
'-
'kug='kHg------------------- fg'kug fglrkyg=fg'kHg fglrkyg/
'kat='kug ------------------ fg 'katyh;fh=fg 'kugyh;fh/
'kau='kH------------------- Jg'kauJg=Jg'kHJg/
c-
cdJh=cfh--------------------- cdJhjfgeGg=cfhjfgeGg/
cdug=cmfg-------------------- fg cdug;fh=fg cmfg;fg/
cdJg=cfg------------------- fg cdJg afglry=fg cfgafglrf/
cdfg=cGg-------------------- fg cdfgcFg cdug;fh=fg cGgcFg cmfg;fh/
cdt=cu--------------------- fg cdt sfqfh=fg cu sfqGh/
fgcdt fgvGh=fgcu fgvGh/
cFg=cHg---------------------- fg cFgryg=fg cHgryg/
cHgl;G=cygl;G--------------- lkH cHgl;Gadfh=lkH cygl;Gadfh/
cJcJh=iJcJh------------------ qfh cJcJh=qfh iJcJh/
cHgey=cHgy------------------cHgey fgaHh=cHgy fgaHh/
,-
,f=df-------------------- ,fzdt JgcGh=dfzdt JgcGh/
,Kh=dKh-------------------- fg zdt,Khef =fg zmfdKhef/
,dJg=dfg------------------ lkH,dJg=lkHdfg/
,kdJg=dkfg---------------- fg ,kdJg;fh=fg dkfg;fh/
,kKh=dkKh----------------- ,kKhjfg[dth=dkKhjfg[ug/
24
,mGg=dmGg------------------ rFh,mGg=rFhdmGg/
,kug=dkug------------------ lrkGg,kug=lrkGgdkug/
,kGh=dGh------------------- kdJgzkfg,kGh=ktgzkfgdGh/
,Hh=dHh-------------------- fg ,HhpJ;uh=fgdHhpf;uh/
,dt=dug------------------ ,dtjfg[dth=dugjfg[uh/
p-
pJh=sdJh------------------- pJhl;Kg=sdJhl;Kg/
pJh=pkfh------------------ fg pJhlrkfg cdug;fh=fg pkfhlrkfg
cmfg;fh/
pfg=sdfg------------------ cypfg=cysdfg/
pfh=sdfh=sGh---------------- ugpfh=ugsGh=ugsdfh/
pkfg=skGg------------------ fg pkfglG=fgskGglG/
j-
jkduh=jmkuh=jmkfg---------- fg jkduh;fh=fg jmkuh;fg=fg jmkfg;fh/
jkdth=jkxth=jkug----------- zdtjkdth=zdtjkxth=zmfjktg/
jkdt=jkxt=jkug----------- fg jkdt fh;Jg=fg jkxt fg;Jg=fg jkug fg;Jg/
jdJ=jktg------------------ fg jdJ[Hg;fh= fg jktg[Hg;fh/
jfgomu=jfgodu=jfgomf-------- jfgomuodfg =jfgoduodfg =jfgomfoGg/
jfgl;mu=jfgl;kdu=jfgl;mf--- vfgnf jfgl;mu=vfgnf jfgl;kdu
=vfgnf jfgl;mf/
jfg;mku=jfg;kdu=jfg;mf----- jfg;mku adfhkK=jfg;kdu adfhkK
=jfg;mf aGhkK/
o-
odJh=okth----------------- odJh[Hg=okth[Hg/
odth=okxth=ouh------------- bkJgodth adfhkK=bkJgokxth adfhkK
=bkJgouh aGhkK/
odtg=okxtg=okug------------ fg odtg;fh=fg okxtg;fh=fg okug;fh/
okduh=omkuh=omfh------------ fg okduh fg nGodfg=fg omkuh fg nGodfg
=fg omfh fg nGoGg/
odu=omku=omf------------- odubypf=omkubypf=omfbypf/
odf=oG------------------- odf jfg[dth=oG jfg[uh/
25
okxt=ou----------------- okxtoJg=ouoJg/
odu=omku=omf----------- fg odujug=fg omkujug=fg omfjug/
s-
sdth=skxth=skuh------------ sdth [t fgaHh=skxth [t fgaHh
=skuh [t fgaHh/ eGsdth =eGskxth =eGskuh/
skygakH=skxtgakH----------- skygakH qyg;fh=skxtgakH qyg;fh/
sdu=smu=smf-------------- sdundJ=smundJ=smfndJ/
sH=skxt------------------ fg sH[Hg;fh=fg skxt[Hg;fh/
sdfh=pfh------------------ vfgsdfhbKg=vfgpfhbKg/
l-
lkatg=lmkug=lkug------------ lkatgsky [t akdfhaHh=lmkugsky [t
akdfhaHh=lkugsky [t akGhaHh/
l;mkuh=l;kduh=l;mfh-------- l;mkuhoFh=l;kduhoFh=l;mfhoFh/
l;mu=l;du=l;mf---------- kJl;mu skJ=kJl;du skJ
=kJl;mf skJ/
lkauh=lmkuh=lmkf------------ lkauhlrkGg=lmkuhlrkGg=lmkfhlrkGg/
l;muh=l;kduh=l;mkfh--------- l;muhadfh=l;kduhadfh =l;mfhaGh/
lkxt=lkat=lkug------------ lkxtqdfh=lkatqdfh=lkugqGg/
lku=lkau----------------- lkusky;Hh=lkausky;Hh/
lrkJ=lrkJg---------------- lrkJnH=lrkJgnH/
lkauh=nuh------------------ lkauhjkyhbkK=nuhjkyhbkK/
l;u=l;mu=l;mf----------- l;uoJg=l;muoJg=l;mfoJg/
ldJ=ldf------------------ fg ldJadfh=fg ldfaGh/
lkdf=lkGg----------------- fg lkdfcGh;fh=fg lkGgcGh;fh/
l;dJg=l;tg----------------- cHgl;dJg=cHhl;tg/
l;dfh=l;Gh----------------- fgl;J fgl;dfh=fgl;J fgl;Gh
qGgl;dfh jfgeuh=qGgl;Gh jfgeuh/
l;kdf=l;kGg--------------- qfh l;df nkathcy=qfg l;kGgnuhcy/
n-
nkatg=ntg=nug--------------- fg nkatgjt=fg ntgjt=fg nugjt/
nGg=nkGg-------------------- qGgnGg=qGgnkGg/
26
nH=nHh--------------------- nHdJhsdtg=nHhdHhsdtg/
ndJh=nkth------------------ ndJhbkxtlrkG=nkthbuglrkGg/
nkath=nuh------------------- nkathbkxtlrkG=nuhbuglrkGg/
ndJ=ndf------------------ ndJJg=ndfJg/
nkat=nu--------------------nkateHh cF;Fh=nueHh cF;Fh/
nGg=n;Gg-------------------- nGgiHg=n;GgiHg/
b-
bdf=bG------------------- bdfodJg=bGotg/
byg=bGg-------------------- bygiGgl;Kg=bGgiGgl;Kg/
bmkyh=bmyh------------------ skGgbmkyh sf HhlJh=skGgbmyh sf HhlJh/
bkxt=bug--------------------skGgbkxt=skGgbug/
bkGg=qkdfh------------------ skGgbkGg [Hg;t=skGgqkdfh [Hg;t/
bGiGg=bHiGg----------------- bGiGg jfgl;Kg=bHiGg jfgl;Kg/
bmkuh=bkauh=bmfh------------- bmkuhl;yh =bkauhl;yh =bmkfhl;yh/
bmu=bkau=bmf-------------- bmuJg rFh=bkauJg rFh=bmfJg rFh/
bkdfg=bkGg------------------ bkdfgnH=bkGgnH/
bkdJ=btg------------------- jfgbkdJ jfgl;Kg=jfgbtg jfgl;Kg/
bu=bH---------------------- fg [Hg;fg buodfg=fg [Hg;fg bHodfg/
bHg=bkHg--------------------- afgdfh jfgbHg=afgdfh jfgbkHg/
bkHh=bmfh-------------------- bkHhJgsdth [t akdfhaHh=bmfhJgsuh
[t aGhaHh/
bkdfh=bkGh--------------------fg jfgbkdfh jfcuh;fh=fg jfbkGh
jfgcHh;fh/
bG=zG--------------------- fgodJh bGpfgzkK=fgodJh zGpfgzkK/
[-
[dth=[kxth=[uh---------------lkH jfg[dth=lkH jfg[kxth =lkHg jfg[uh/
[kduh=[mkuh=[mkfh-----------lkJh[kduh;Hh=lkJh[mkuh;Hh =lkJh[mkfh;Hh/
[du=[mku=[mf-------------[du bJhqkGg=[mku bJhqkGg
=[mf bJhqkGg/ [duiGhsky
=[mkuiGhsky=[mfiGhsky/
[tg=[katg=[ug---------------[tg;kdthoJg=[katg;kdthoJg
27
=[ug;kdthoJg/
[dJ=[kt=dJ--------------- [dJ sf Gg=[kt sf Gg=dJ sf Gg/
[dtg=[kxtg=[ug---------------[dtgJg cGg=[kxtgJg cGg=[ugJg cGg/
[kxtg=[kug------------------bkfh[kxtg=bkfh[kug/
[dJg=[tg------------------- cdJh[dJg=cfh[tg/
[df=[G------------------- cyg[df=cyg[G/ [df jkGg[df
=[G jkGg[G/ fg [df G;uh
=fg [G G;uh/
[dfg=[Gg------------------- [dfg sf jfgiy=[Gg sf jfgiy/
[tg=[ug---------------------kdJg[tg=ktg[ug/
[my=[y--------------------[myjfglrKg=[yjfglrKg/
jfg[mysdth=jfg[ysdth/
[yh=yh----------------------[yhzFh=yhzFh/
[fh=[Gh---------------------[fhiGg jfg[dth=[GhiGg jfg[uh/
e-
edJg=edfg------------------;fgedJgadfh=;fgedfgaGh/
jfgedJgadfh=jfgedfgaGh/
ey=eyh---------------------eysdtg=eyhsdtg/
eHh=bHh---------------------fg eHhbkdf=fg bHhbkdf/
ekxtgg=ekug=etg----------------ekxtgJg cGg=ekugJg cGg =etgJg cGg/
ekxt=eku=et---------------ekxtbkK=ekubkKg=etbkK/
ekau=emku=emf-------------ekau;Gg=emku;Gg=emf;Gg/
edfh=eGh--------------------fg;fgedfh=fg;fgeGh/
eJg=[dfg=[Gg-----------------eJgjkfh=[dfgjkfh=[Ggjkfh/
r-
rdf=rG------------------- fg rdf;fh=fg rG;fh/
rdu=rmf=rmu-------------- rdu jkGgbkyg vfh;kJ=rmf
jkGbkyg vfh;kJ=rmu jkGgbkyg vfh;kJ/
rH=rkH--------------------rH jfgruh=rkH jfgeuh/
rdth=rkuh------------------ rdthjkfh=rkuhjkfh/
rdtg=rug------------------- jfgrdtg jfgldfh=jfgrug jfglGh/
28
rkdth=rkuh----------------- cdJhbkxt jfgeGg fgnHrkdth
= cfhbkug jfgeGg fgnHrkuh/
rkdtg=rdtg=rkug------------ afgdfhrkdtg=afgdfhrdtg= afgdfhrkug/
rku=ru--------------------ugrku;fh=ugru;fh/
rkHg=rHg--------------------rkHgzdt=rHgzdt/
rkJ=rJ------------------- fg rkJ;t=fg rJ;t/
rkug=rug------------------- rkugrdfh=rugrdfh/
kdfhrkug=kdfhrug/
rky=ry-------------------- rky jfgeuh=ry jfgeuh/
rdu=rmu------------------ rdua;ugh=rmua;uh/
rkyg=ryg------------------- ekxtrkyg;fh=ekxtryg;fh/
rkyh=ryh-------------------- fg ;kHg jfgrkyh=fg ;kHg jfgryh/
rkG=rG------------------- fg rkGsky=fg rGsky/
d-
dJ=[dJ=[t---------------- dJ qfh=[dJ qfg=[t qfh/
dKg=,Kg------------------- eJgdKg eGgiyg=eJg,Kg eGgiyg/
dHh=,Hh------------------- fg dHhpJ;uh=fg ,HhpJ;uh/
dkHh=,kHh----------------- dkHh;kdth=,kHh;kdth/
dtg=,kdtg------------------ fg dJgcdug;fh=fg ,kdtgcdug;fh/
df=G--------------------- dfzF=GzF/
dug=,dug------------------- jkfhdugadfhg=jkfh,duadfhg/
dKh=,Kh------------------- dKhbf cF;Fh=,Khbf cF;Fh/
dug=,dt------------------- dug jfg[uh=,dt jfg[dth/
dGh=,Gh-------------------- zkfgdGh=zkfg,Gh/
dy=,y-------------------- Jgdyjkfh=Jg,yjkfh/
dF=,F-------------------- fg dFlrdfh;fh=fg ,Flrdfh;fh/
dK=,K-------------------- dKzKadfh=,KzKadfh/
dmGg=,mGg------------------ rFhdmGg=rFh,mGg/
dJh=th--------------------- dJh jfgakatg=th jfgakatg/
dHh=,Hh-------------------- dHhzdt a;df=,Hhzdt a;df/
dkKh=,kKh------------------ dkKh jfg[uh=,kKh jfg[dth/
29
dfg=,dJg------------------- fgdfg=fg,dJg/ kJgdfg=kJ,dJg/
dfh=,kfh------------------- lrkGgdfhJg=lrkG,kfhJg/ fgdfh=fg,kfh/
dmy=fmy=,my-------------- fg jfgdmy=fg jfgfmy=fg jfg,my/
dug=,kug-------------------- dfdug=,kf,kug/
dtg=dug=,dtg---------------- fg dtgcdug;fh=fg dugcmfg;fh=
fg ,dtgcdug;fh/
df=,f--------------------- dfzdt=,fzdt/
;-
;kdt=;kug----------------- Jg;kdtjkfh=Jg;kugjkfh/
;kxt=;ku----------------- yg;kxtjkfgh ;kxth=yg;kujkfh ;kuh/
;dJg=;ktg-------------------;dJg;Hg=;ktg;Hg/ fg ;dJgadfh
=fg ;ktgaGh/
;mu=;mf--------------------bdf;mu=bG;mf/ ;muJg Jgedfg
=;mfJg JgeGg/
;mkuh=;mkfh------------------;mkuhjkf=;mkfhjkfg/
;kdth=;kuh------------------ ;kdthoJg;yh=;kuhoJg;yh/
;mku=;mkf----------------- fg jfg;mkuadfh=fg jfg;mkfaGh/
;mkujkfh odJh=;mkfjkfh oth/
;kdt=;kug------------------ K;kdtvy=K;kugvy/
;kf=;kfg--------------------fg ;kf fg ;yh=fg ;kfg fg ;yh/
;kdf=;kGg-------------------fg ;kdf;fh=fg ;kGg;fh/g
;kdfvHg=;kGgvHg/
;dtg=;ug---------------------;dtg jfgvHg=;ug jfgvHg/
;kdtg=;kug-------------------vHg;kdtg=vHg;kug/
;dJh=;kth---------------------[dJ;dJh=[t;kth/
;df=;G-------------------- ;dfjkfhadfh=;GjkfhaGh/
Jg;ug Jg;df=Jg;ug Jg;G/ lkH;df=lkH;G/
m-
muh=qmuh=mf-------------------fg muhkK=fg qmuhkK=fg mfhkK/
my=qy=emy-------------------jfgayhmy=jfgayhqy=jfgayhemy/
myg =qyg--------------------- fg myg;fh=fg qyg;fh/
30
mK=qK-----------------------mKodfg a;tg=qKodfg a;dJg/
mKg=qKg-----------------------fg jfgmKgaHh=fg jfgqKgaHh/
i-
iG=iJ-----------------------iG,kF=iJ,kF/ iGl;Gh=iJl;Gh/
iGoJg=iJoJg/ iG;kKh=iJ;kKh/
iG,kKg=iJ,kKg/ iGzdt=iJzdt/
iGskJ=iJskJ/ iyh jfgkJg/
iG=iK-----------------------iG[uh=iK[uh/
idtg=iug----------------------fg idtg fg arJh=fg iug fg arth/
idJh=wth=ith-------------------fg idJhadfhkK=fg wthaGhkK/
idf=wG----------------------fg idf;Hh=fg wG;Hh/
iF-wF---------------------- fg iFadfh=fg wFaGh/
iK=wK---------------------- fg jfgiK jfgau=fg jfgwK jfgau/
iy=wy---------------------- iy jfgbJh=wy jfgbJh/
iHg=wHg---------------------- ekxtiHg=euhwHg/
iH=wH---------------------- fg iH fgef=fg wH fgef/
k-
kdfh=kGh--------------------- kdfhjkdthkK=kGhjkugkK/
kdf=kG--------------------- iygkdf=cygkG/
ku=kau=kmf------------------fg ku;fh=fg kau;fh=fg kmf;fh/
kath=kuh----------------------kath jfgeJh=kuh jfgeJh/
katg=kug--------------------- Jgkatg=Jgkug/
kxt=u----------------------- eJgkxt=eJgu
kxt=[Ggu/
kat=ku--------------------- katarfh=kuarfh/
kxth=th---------------------- kxthrK=thrK/
kkfh=kkGh-------------------- bkJgnHh dJhkkfh=bkJgnHh thkkGh/
fkxt=u---------------------- fkxtakdfh byg=uaGh byg/
qfh=qGh---------------------- qfh zdt=qGh zmf/
31
T
qkdf=bkGg=qGg----------------- lkxtqkdf=lkugbkGg=lkugqGg/qdf=qG--
-------------------- qdf jfgbkxt=qG jfgbkug/
zK=wK----------------------- zKbfgrdfg=wKbfgrdfg/
zkKh=wKh---------------------- zkKhzdt=wKhzdt/
zkdJh=zkfh------------------- fg zkdJhzFg;fh=fg zkfhzFg;fh/
zkdu=zmfg------------------- bkJgzkdu=bkJzmfg/
zug=wug---------------------- fg zug;kKh=fg wug;Kh/
zkdfg=zkGg-------------------- zkdfgbdf=zkGgbG/
zkdfg;kdfg=zmGg;kGg/
zf=wf---------------------- zfodfg=wfodfg/
zfh=wfh---------------------- zfhbdf=wfhbdf/
32
-um;aeEdkifiH = akJugl;Gg/ akJug[fh/
a-u;eef; = aJhsfh/ cyg;yg bkFhl;dJg/
uGif;jyif = vfh;kJ;kfh/ vfh;kJ ;kfhlkJh/
uGefjrLepf = augbdHgsy/
a-unmcsuf = lkugoJg ;kdthl;y/
-um;aea&; = jkGgugl;Gg/ jkGgug[fh/
-um;aea&;pmcsKKyf = jkGgug[fh ;yga;kK/g
ukefxkwfud&d,mwefqmyvm = jkfhbkxt
jyhjkGg ;kJbkJgoJg jkGgakat
(akF)/
ukefxkwfvkyftiftm;pk =jkGg;kJ bkJgoJg
jkGgakat (akF) kGhrJgl;K/
ukefzvS,fr+ = jkGgjfg;dfg jkGgakat
(akF)/
ukefzvS,fr+wefbdk; = jkGgjfg;dfg
jkGgakat(akF) 'kuglrkyg/
usL;ausmfr+ = jkGg,yey afgsdth/
umuG,fa&; = jkGgjfgaK jfgakGg/
umuG,fa&;0ef-uD;Xme =jkGgjfgaK jfgakGg
[dfgvHg bfeuh/
u,fq,fa&; = jkGgvdf bkJgzkduh/
uGefuGufobG,fypfcwfjcif; = jkGgvGjky/
udk,fykdiftkyfcsLyfa&; =sky[Fg jkGglt jfgry/
udk,fykdifjyXmef;cGifh = sky[Fg jkGg[dfg
;kdthodfg vmfdfg/
udk,fawG@0g' = skJbkJgsK rdua;uh/
ukefxkwfvkyfief; = bkJgoJg jkGgakat
(akF) fgjkGgbkJg/
ukefxkwfqufqHa&; = bkJgoJg jkGgakat
(akF) fgjkGg zygzFh/ bkJgoJg fgjkGg
eKidu vGvuh/
-urf;wrf;aom = bfgot bfgrK/ jfglrH
lkdfhcGh/ jfglrH [dfcdf/
aus;&Gmtkyfpk = [Khl;KzFh/
auseyfonf = rygiG/ cfgodth/
-uufodrf;xonf =jfglF nf;kGh/ cFgnuhoJg/
ul;vl;qufqHonf = zdtakfg eKidu
vGvuh/
aumif;usLd; = jkGomkuhemy/
ul;pufonf = rkGhsky rkGhrkduh/
armfawmfum; = ;kuzG/
ausmif;tkyf(ynma&;) = idu;yg kuhvHg/
lrkGglt idu;ygkuh/
ukd,fhudk,fudkowfaor+ =jkGgzdfg bkJidJh
skyskJh/
um,vkyftm; = skJa;kK jkGgbkJgkGh/
Burmese-Karenni Lexicon;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf sf
afgdfh;kyg 'kuafgdfh;kyg 'kuafgdfh;kyg 'kuafgdfh;kyg 'kuafgdfh;kyg 'ku
jrefrmcufqpft"dy` g,fuk du&ifeDvd kjrefrmcufqpft"dy` g,fuk du&ifeDvd kjrefrmcufqpft"dy` g,fuk du&ifeDvd kjrefrmcufqpft"dy` g,fuk du&ifeDvd kjrefrmcufqpft"dy` g,fuk du&ifeDvd k
bmomjye faompmpkbmomjye faompmpkbmomjye faompmpkbmomjye faompmpkbmomjye faompmpk
uuuuu
33
ukef;wkduf = kJgvHg a;Fefg/
udk,fpm;vS,f = lrkGgjdfskJ/
lrkGgbkJgjdf/ lrkGgzdtjdf/
usL;vGefonf = bkJgiF ;fgl;H/ bkJgiF
nKh[dfh/
udk,fa&;&mZ0if =skJa;kK rJgadfh/
udk,fa&;orkdif; =skJ[Fg jkGg[dfadfh/
usifhokH;onf =;kFgidubkJg/ ;kFgsKhJg/
udk,fpm; =skJvdJh/ jdfskJ/
usifhxkH; =iduidfg ;kJa;uh/
ue@fuGufonf =cf[yh[dfh/ nKh[dfh
jkfhjkFh/ akatgcFg/
}uD;-uyfxdef;odrf;onf =bdfvmGg
[duiGsky/ bdfvmGg
[df[dusky/
udkufnDonf =juheGg/ juhjF rfg[Fh/
u|rf;usifr+ =jkGgiJpJh zkdf[Gg/
jkGgbkJgsgK zkdf[Gg/
usDp,fonf =cHgeG/ kJvfvug/
usif;yðyvkyfonf =bkJgodfg jfgryg/ jfgryg
bkJgodfg/
udk;um;rSDjim;onf =bdfeFh ndJsky/
bdfeFh iJ;kGg/
}uD;-uyfonf =bdflt vmGgsky/
óud;rJha-u;eef; =l;kdJgjkdt aJhsfh/
ausjyGef =l;Fodth/ l;Flkauh/
acwftqufquf =oFhvGh fgoFhoFh/
óudqkdonf =GcFg/ GbkugcFg/
-um;ae0g' =ugl;Gg rdua;uh/
ukvor*~ =lrkGg;kHgbdJh odJhakJ
jfgl;KzFh/
uGyfuJtkyfcsLyfonf =ltjfgry vmGgsky/
ukodkvfaumif;r+ =emyjfgrdJh fgjkGgrdf
ugsJg/ jkGgemyrdf ugsJg/
ukokdvf =emyjfgrdJh ugsJg/
a-ujyGefpGm =l;Fodth ;kKhlkauh/
usifhpOf =jkGg;kFgidu bkJga;uh/
udpP =jGhpJh/ fgrJg/ jkGgrJg/
u,fwifonf -vdfndJ [duodfg/
udk,fusLd;pGef@jcif; =jkGgqyhadfh skJ[Fg
skyemy/
udk,fusdK; =skJ[Fg skyemy/
ukd,fcsif;pmw&m;xm;&Sdjcif; =jkGgug sf
jJhbdf sf skJ zKjkJg/
a-u;pm;wyf =a;dJhJgaGg/
u&kem =iG,kKg a;fgeGg/
usifusifvnfvnf =zkdfzkdf [Gg[Gg/
uvJhpm;acs =;dJhaGg/ bkJg;dJhgcFg/
u,fq,fonf =vdfbkJgzkdu/
aumufuspfpOf;vJonf =afgl;dfg/
ukefpnf =jkGgakat/ jkGgakF/
ukefonfyGJpm; =lrkGgbkJg akatJg
jkGgakatvHg/ lrkGbkJg akFJg
jkGakFvHg/
udef;*%ef; =jkuomGgbf [mfbf/
udef; =jkuomGgbf/
}uD;us,fonf =[Hg;kdflt ifhrdfh/
uAsm ='kukt ruhnkxtg/
uav;oli,f =lfgzKh lfgzkG/
uref;uwef; =jfgl;dt jfgl;dJh/
urux =,kHhjkfh ltbkJg/
url;&SL;xkd; =jfgl;dt jfgrkdfg/ jfgbmyh
34
jfgrkdfg/
uawmufuq =iGl;Kg[Hg jfgbmkuh
jfg;Gh/
uysuf,ysuf =eKheKh edJgedJg/
umqD; =jkfhjkFh [y[dfh/
ausmufuyf =;yh;Hh/
uGyfypf =;faFg odfg;th/ vfh;kJ jfgzkug/
uefausmufonf =okxthjfglkGh/
urBm =kJgvHga;kK/ kJgvHgefg/
uH-umrRm =emyjuheGg/
ukokdvfuH =emyjfgrdJh ugsJg/
uef;onf =bygiGg;Gh/ bygiGgvy/
uefh =dfgiHedfh/
urf;vSrf;onf =l;muhoFh;uh/ kJl;muhh
oFhzdt/
uyfoDuyfo -vujfg a;y;uh/
uyfoduyfoajymonf =kJvu jfga;y;uh/g
uGef;jrL;onf =jfgvKg jfgvGoJgh/ rfg,kyh
rfg,kugoJg/
u,fronf =vdfndJodfg/
uJh&Jonf =lfgzdJ ygcdJ/
udEN&m =vfgsdfh bKg,dtg/
udwfeuQwf =cGg[mf/ cGgl;K jkGgomGh/
udef;atmif;onf =jfg,Jg ugsKg/ sJgug
kxtsKg/ ugkatgsJg/
ukwf =[yharkdfg ly;Hh/
óud;ukwfoif-um;onf =dfzF ndJidu/
ukyfonf =aflrfg/
ukefpifonf =;kKhl;yh;kf jfga;ygadfh/
ukef;ajr =kJgvHg odfg;th/
ukdufonf =ffg/ juhjF;Hh/
ukd,fcE<m =skJa;kK/
ukd,fwkdif =[FgskJ/ cyhskJ/ cyhjkK sf
skJ/
-uGvm =kdfh/(zKemy/ Hh[Hg)
-umanmif;onf =pJh;fh/ pJhcF;Fh/
-unfh&SKppfaq;onf =bdflkHh zJhbdf/
usnfayGh =ygodf/ afgcdtgh/
usnfqH =cyhsdfgl;Kg/ cypgfhl;Kg/
usnfaxmuf =bdfh/
usm;=rwef;wla&;0ef-uDXme =lrkGgvHh
lrkGgbKg fgjkGg vmfdfg ugrfg[Fh
[dfgvHg bfeuh/
-unfeL;onf =nmkyhbkugiG/ bkug iGl;Kg/
-unfndkonf =,kFpkfJg/ ,kFpkfsky/
usKKKyif =jfglkuodJh/
usKKK;vGefapmfum;onf =bkJgiF ;fgl;H
edJg/ bkJgiF ;fgl;H eKhedJg/
usKKK;ausmfonf =bkJgiF afgsdth/ ,kyey
afgsdth/ sdthugnJg/
ausnmonf =lkug;kdthoJg/
ausjyD =l;FodthkK/ cHg;yhkK/
a-uonf =nGbFg/
a-u;r+H =bkfh[dtg/ bkfh[kxtg ;kJbdf/
a-u;pnf =oKhjfg;yh/ a;dtg/ jfg;yh
efglrkfg/ jfg;yhefg ;kJ[Kglrkfg/g
aºuG =omyhyh/
aºuGusonf =;fgjkfhidth/
au|;arG;onf =ekxtgJg ekxtguh/
aºuG;_rD‡ =skxtcHg/
aºuG;qyfonf =l;fcHg/
aºuG;a-umfonf =Gouh ;kdthodfg/
35
usJonf =jfglrJh/ fgodJh afg[kxtjug/
fglrKh/
-uJonf =Jgqkyhjkfh/ nfgjkfh/ Jgqkyhjkfh
lfgcyh/
ausmckdif;onf =aKsf pkfa;Kh/ aKadfh
sf pkf/
-uef@-umonf =fgpJ;fhh/ lkdf,kGh/
lkdf,kG lkdfcGh/
-uHh-uHhcHonf =vdfcFg cKhcKh/
u|Honf =jkfhl;H/ ;fgl;H/
ausmf-um;onf =bmkyhiGg oJg;kdth/
bmkyh[Hg iGgoHh/ bmkyiGgh oJg;kdth
odfgnug/
-um;emonf =sky[fh iJpJh/
ºuGm;0gonf =sJg[H skyskJ/ zkdJodfg
nug/ [dfg[HgskJ/ kJlt/ zkdJlt/
uef@owfonf -eJhgjfg[Fg jkfhjkFh/
uyfzufvkyfonf =bkJgjfgvmu jfgaGg/
usufonf =fgmuh/ muhkK/
usufpm;onf =;kJa;uh bdfJg/
u|rf;usifonf =zkdf[Gg iJpJh/
usifonf =jfgqy/ jfga;Fh/
usifvnfonf =bkJgsK zkdf[Gg/
-uifemonf =iJ,kKgsky/
usifh-uHonf =iduzdfg jfgryg/
usif;onf =jfglrug/
usif;wl;onf =ygvFg kJaHh/
usOf;usyfonf =jfgzKg jfgzkdJh/
-uOf;aqmfonf =ltbkJg/ ltkJ/ ltiHh/
ºuGif; =jkGgugadfh/ ugadfh;t/
ºuGif;usefonf =ugadfhrJg/ ugadfh vfhcJg/
uspfvpfonf =l;KzFh lrkdJhbfg/
uspfonf =Jgqkyh jfgrkyhg/(Jgqkyh
cHgl;dJg)/ lrkdJhbfg/
usyfckd; =ldfh;dJh/
-uwf =adfh(;Ghadfh. bkKadfh)/
-uyfronf =ltjfgry a;kKgbfgsky/
u|wfonf =jkfhl;u/ cHgl;G/
ºuGyfonf =fgarH/
usef;rmonf =ugcdug uglrdfh/
usef;rma&;0ef-uD;Xme =jkGgugcdug uglrdfh
[dfgvHg bfeuh/
usrf;*ef ='kuzkK,kfh ;yg[dJ/
usrf;opPm =;yg;kGh vdfzK/
usrf;usdefonf =kJakath;yg/ Jgakxt;yg/
-urf;wrf;cufxefonf =bfot lkdfhcGh/
u|ef; =a;F/ ;GgkdJg/
u|rf; =iJpJh/ akdfh(byg akdfh)/
u|rf;0ifonf =iJpJh sK;Hh/ iJpJh
vdJh;Hh/
us,f0ef;onf =vfh;kJ;kdf/ fg ;kdf
-u,fwcGef =cGgjfgvGh/
-uG,f0onf =[Hg,kf odfgiGh/
usdwfI-uHpnfonf =jfgskJg zdfgkatg/
usdwfusdwfwkd;onf =jfg[my jfgcdfg/
usdwf =,dJgl;Hg/ ffgjfgarFg/(vHgcdJh)/
ygrkFg/
usdwfIrsdKKonf =eKgaryg eycf a;Hhsdth/
usd yf =jfgl;K/
óudhxdk;onf =cylfgfkxth/
-udwfonf =JgqkyhbFg/ rmkuh/ JgqkyhoJg/
usdefqJonf =ygcKhkfh/
36
-udrf =fgnkat/ fgkFg/ ryhbkK/
-udrf-udrfcgcg =fgnkatnkat fgl;Jgl;Jg/
fgkFgkFg fgl;Jgl;J/g
usdef;aoonf =;fgaf ;fgauh/ ;gfauhlkfh/
jkfhjkJg ;fauh/g
}udfrf;armif;onf =Gouh iJlrkduh/
ausmuf&wem =;kKiJ'kug lrkygug/
;kKiJ'kHgug/ ;kKiJ/
a-umufvef@onf =vdJ,kF iJggcJh/ iJcJh
jfgrKgiG/
a-umifa-umifusm;usm; =adJgrfgqKh rfgqG/
adJgryg adJgrKh/
a-umifawmifawmifvkyfonf =jfglkfglkfg
bkJg/ jfga;Ha;H bkJg/
a-umifh =sdtgrK/ dJhrK/ vHgvdJrKh/
[t fgvdJhrK/
óudufESpfoufonf =iJ,kF iJ;kK/
iJ,kF iJ;uh/
usdKif;aumif =jfgayh [flrkG/
usdKcsufonf =nuhzkHgmuh/
usdK;EGHonf =,kFpkf cdfg;kdfg/
aumif;usdK; =omkuhemy/ [dJemy/
óud;wdk;usJwJ =zKgzKg zkGhzkGh/ jfglrKg
jfglrJh/ jfgaHh jfgnugg/
óuHóudufonf =eGgcdt eGgvGh/ jkfhjuh
cdthvGh/ jkfhjuh jkfheGg/
óuHvSDonf =arkdfhjfgary/
óuH@onf =jfg,my/
usKH;Ivkyfonf =ndJbkJg;kKh/
uyf =jkGgzkdJhzFg/ akJrkf/
uyfqkdufonf =jkGgzkdJhzFg eGg/
akJrkf eGg/
uyfap;ESJonf =oyhsf/
usifxkHonf =jfgqy jfga;Fh/
a-umfnmonf =lkug[dfg ;kdthoJg/
a-umfnmpm =;yg lkug[dfg ;kdthoJg/
uHxkdufonf =emyjuheGg/ cdtfddf/
emyjuh jfgrdJheGg/
ºuGufom; =,dJglrku/
óud;pm;onf =dfzF/
uHtm;avsmfpGm =juhcdt juhvGh/ juheGg
jkfhjuh/ emy jkfhjuh/ jkfhjuh emy/
aumv[mv =jkGgryg eKhedJg/
udk,fa&;udk,fwmudpP =skJ[Fg jGhpJh/
skJ[Fg jkGgrJg/
u,fwif&Sif =edfgzGg vdfakfg
nkatgakfg/ vdfakfg nkatgakfg
edfgzGg/
ukefpdrf; =jkGgakat iyidth/ jkGgakF
iyidth/
usdK;onf =;fgakG/
uavmif&Sif =lrkGgrfhoJg/
ukoonf =akH,fg/
uwkd;qdyf =iwKga;dJh ;kJug/
óud;pm;tm;xkwfonf =dfzF oKkGh oKrJg/
umonf =jfgakdfgadfh/ jfgakdfg
jkfhjkFh/
umvom; =lrkGgvHh nHiGg/uwdpmcsKyf
=;yga;kKg thbfg/
uwdðyonf =th;kdfg/ K;kdfg/
ujym; =a;mkyhnG/ a;mkyh cyh[df/
aºuGyefuef =eJhomyhyh/
37
udk;uG,fonfhbmom =jkGg,kF zKeGh/
jkGgzKeGh/
uif;vGwfonf =cHl;G nmkyhadfh/
uef@owfcsuf =[dfgjkFhl;y/ eJghjkFjkfhh
jfg[Fgl;y/
cGJxGufa&;0g' =oJglkGh rdua;uh/
c&D;&SnfcsDwufjcif; =jkGgodfga;dJh
a;dfoHh/
ceJ@wJwJ -jfgvmu(vkxu) jfgaGg/
c&dkif =jfgyg/
csDwuf =odfga;dJh/
csDwufwdkufckdufonf =odfga;dJh odfgcf/
acg ufqGJ =[yhjteuh/
acsmarG@aom =[t jkduhbmkuhl;yh/ [t
efl;myh bmkuhl;yh/
cH,lonf =vdfndJ/ vdf,kFJg/
csrSwfpDppfonf =eJgjkfh zJhbdf jfgryg/
cGJ =fgadJh/ eJhadJh/ a;dJheGl;K/
lkfhnGadJh/
acgif;aqmif =vHga;K[Hg/ [HgvHg/
lrkGgltvHg/
csdKK;azgufonf =bkJgl;uhldJ/
_cdrf;ajcmufonf =bkJgjfgrkdtg cJcJh/
kJjfgrkdtg cJcJh/ bkJgjfgrkdtg
jfgldfh/ bkJgiJcJh jfgrkdtg/
acwftqufquf =lkauhoFhoFh/
lkauhjfgoFh/ fgoFhoFh fgl;Jgl;Jg/
ckcHwGef;vSef =cfcFg cdfgoJg/
acwforkdif; =lrkGg;kHgoFh jkGg[dfadfh/
cspfcifav;pm; =bkugsky ,kFpkf/
acgufcsdK; =xGa;dJ vfh;kJ/ jfglmy;t/
acgufwkef@acgufjyef =akfgvdJh kdfhhpJh/
csdKifh0Srf; =cug[fh akJ[Fh/ jkKgaHh akJ[Fh/
cGifh =fgvmf/ vmfdfg/
ckdif_rJonf =a;kKgbfg/
ckdifrmonf =jfgpfh a;kKgbfg/ a;kKgbfg
jfgpfh/
ckdifcef@onf =a;kKgbfg jfga;t/ jfgpfh
jfga;t/
cef@tyfonf =sKhjkfha;kKg/
ckESpfouU&mZf =sfgJgskJ/ pJhiGh ;Ghsfg
bfjuh/
ckdudk;&m =iJ;kGg kFgug/
csD;rGrf;onf =oHgigGsky/
csD;usL;onf =oHgiG akGakuhsky/
csD;usL;axmyemðyonf =oHgiG akGaku
odfgsky/
csrSwfonf =[dfgjkfha;kKgf/
acszsufonf =bkJgl;yhadfh/ oFl;yh
adfh/ bkJgl;yh ldJadfh/
cs,fvS,fonf =ltjfgryg skyvHg/ jfgryg
jkFhvHg/
csKyfcs,fonf =lt[K jfgrygsky/
acsmifusonf =jfgskfh [Kkxth/
cs,fonf =jJh;fg/ eGg;fg/
cif;usif;jyonf =[dfgjkfh [tg;kdth/
cuf&mcufqpf =fglkdfh fg,kfh/
ckcHrkK -jkGgvdf bkJgcFg/ jkGgvdf
jfgakGgcFg/
cH,lcsuf -vdf,kF Jgl;y/
ccccc
38
cH,ljcif; -jkGgvdf ,kFJg/ jkGg,kFJg/
acgufonf -akGa;dJ/ [fhh([fh vHga;K)/
cdkifcdkifrmrm -a;kKga;kKg bfgbfg/
ckd;a=umifckd;0Suf -bkJgkatg bkJgimG/
bkJgkatg bkJgey/
cdk;&mygypPnf; -jkfhjyhjkGg Jgkatg/
cufxefonf -vfhaGg cdugcKh/ bkfhcdug
bkfhcKh/ lrdJhcdug lrdJhcKh/
ckcHawmfvSefa&; =jkGglt odfgjuh cfcFg/
jkGglt odfgjuh jkGgcfcFg/
csdKcsdKomom =zkGzkG skfgskfg/ zkGzkG
pkfgpkfg/
csdKompGm =zkGskfg pkfg;fh/
ckd;aiG@=vkatgimy/
cGefwkwf =bugrfh/ fgbug fgrfh/
cef;oifhonf =jkfhjuh/ jkfheGg/
crf;crf;em;em; =rkuGjuh ifhrdfh ifh[Gg/
+cHarG;w&dp>mef -jkGgnH jkGg;dJg
ekxtgsky/
csnfaESmifonf -zKhbfga;kKg/ zKha;kKg/
cspf=unfa&; -jkGgbkug lkJh[duh/ jkGgbkug
cFg;Hh/
c,onf ='kKg;kdfg ,kFpkf/
acwfumv =oFhcdthvGh/
acwWc% =jfgl;tg jfgl;df/
cwfonf =jf/
cyfonf=[dfodfg([df odJh)/
cGyfonf =ygl;kFg/
cHonf =vdf/
cef@rSef;onf =;fhcfh/ jfg,Jg/
cnm;&dkaoonf =[dfg[Hg ,kFpkf/
crf;crf;em;em;&Sdonf =ugrkuG ltifhrdfh/
cGeftm; =kGhrJg/
cGH@onf =bHhJg/
ckwfonf =lkfh/
ckefonf =lkf/
ckH =vuga;df jfg;th/
ckduf&efjzpfonf =a;dJ'fh bFhlkKg;Hh/
csxm;onf =eJgjkfhadfh/
jc =lkHmuh/
csufcsm =vfh;kJ vfhcdJ/ vfh;kJ
a;fhbJh/
csufcsmusonf -jkfh vfh;kJ a;fhbJh/
jcmonf =jfgarKh/ zfgarKh/ zkdfjug/
jkfh,du/g
csnf;eJaomol =lrkGsky;f ugjug/
csDonf=ndfodfg/ ndfsky/
csnf =;dtg/
csnf;ESD;jzpfonf =omkuhjkFh[Jh/ fgjkFh[Jh/
fgjkdth[Jh/
csLonf =jfglrug(kKaHh)/
csL -lrkfhiGg/
csLcsmonf =arkdfh;fg;kfg/
acsacsiHiH&Sdonf =iG;kKh nKgnFhcFg/
acsyajymqkdonf =kJcFg jkFh;dJh/
kJl;mucFg akfgvdJh/
csufvufrSwf =rFhzJgjJh/ rFh;kJsky
;ygefgg bfjJh/
jcifaumif=nkxthcy/
cs Ofaomtm&om =iuhruhcdJg/ fgcdJg
iuhruh/
csifhcsdefonf =jfg,Jgbdf/ jfg,JgeGg/
39
csif;csif; =idfrkuh;Hh/
csOf;uyfonf =rkHgkdfhnFg/
cspfcif-uifemonf =iG,kKg bkugsky/
jcpfonf =jfgarkfh/ rfh/ arf/
c|wfonf =l;uhadfh/ l;muadfh/ bkJg;fg
lkuadfh/
csrf;ajrhonf =jfgzkH nmkyhbkug/
c|ef;=jfgcdfh ygvKg/
cdswfonf =[Kbkfh/
csdefcGif =;kJzkdfg/ zmkG/ zkdfgzH;Gg/
_cdrfh_cdrfhoJoJ =jfgqK jfgl;Kg/ jfgqK jfgiuh/
csdef;qkdonf =jkdfkdfhcFg/ thkdfhcFg/
csKKyfukdifonf =lkFarkyga;kKg/
acsmufvSef@onf =bkJgjfgrkdtg jfgldfh/
bkJvdJ bkJg,F/
ajcmufuyfonf =arkfhafg[Gg/
acsmifonf =jfga;dfh/
acsmif; =;kdfha;uh/ odJha;uhnH/
acsmif;ajrmif;onf =bdfzuh bdfxyg/
c&D; =jkGgzdta;df/
csdKifonf =lkfhjkfh/
csdKonf =cFh/ fgcFh/
acgif;pOfay;yg -[dJ ;yglrku vHga;K/
acgif;wkdif -bygvkatg oJgeuh/
acgif;aygif; -augouh/ vHgeug/
acgif;&dwfonf -Jgzyg vHga;K/ JgrJhvHga;K/
acwfaemufusonf -jkfhnkatg oFhvGh/
acgif;pOf}uD;pmvkH; -;yglrku vHga;K
;ygl;Kg[Hg/
acgif;pOfi,f -;yglrku vHga;KnH/
òcHonf =oKey/ JgoK/
csHK;onf =bkJgnkxtgadfh/ bkJgjfg,my
lfgjyadfh/
csdKcsOf =cdJgcFh/
cifrifonf =bkugsky iJpJh/ bkugsky
iJpJh;Hh/
cifrif&if;ESD;onf =bkugsky iJpJhnFg/
csKKyfudkifxm;onf =lkFa;kKg bfgsky/
_cdrf;onf =bKarKh/
csKKyfqkdonf =rfhjkfh ;yga;kKg/
rfhjkfha;kKg/
cspfóuduf-uonf =iJ,kF iJ;kKh
bkugsky;Hh/h
cifrifwG,fwmonf =bkugsky iJ;kGg/
c%c% =jfgbuh jfgbuh/ jfgl;tgnH/
c&D;p&dwf =zdta;dfaGg/
ckwkH;vkyfonf =bkJg sf ;kJbkxu(bmku)/
c&D;OD;óudðyonf =GbkugcFg zdta;df
kdfhjkdth/ GbkugcFg lrkGg
zdta;df/
cg;awmif;usdKKufonf =iGhaGhodfg
kdJgjfgqkfg/
cHpm;r+ =jkGgvdfeGg/
acwfrSDonf =arkduheGg oFhvGh/
arkduh;G oFhvGh/
acwfpm;onf =oFhvGh iJ,kF/ oFhvGgeGg/
cH0efcsKyf =vdfth ;yga;kKg/
acgifonf =idtgarJh/ ug jfgztjug/
cdkv+Honf =kFgug/ ugkFg iJ;kGg/ iJ;kGg
kFgug/
cifyGef; =bJh/ qkGg/ vueKidu/
acgif;pOf =;ygvHga;K/
40
csKd;onf =,KakG/ bkJg;fgakG/ Jg;kdth
odJh/
cGJjcm;onf =[uhadJh vuadfh/ eJhadJh
vuadfh/ [uhaFh vuadfg/
cGJjcm;owfrSwfonf =eJhadJh [dfgbfvu/
[uhaFh [dfbfvu/ [dfbf
jkuhbfvu/
cJ|onf=zkG,dJg/ eKeGyh/
jcif; =jkGg/
ac|;wyf =a;dJhoKzmyg/
c|wf,Gif;csuf =;kJeJg ,dugl;y/
cE<maA' -skJa;kK cyxy/
cef@ -efsdtg/ efdJh/
ajcwk -vfh[kxtg skJ,kug/ vfh[kxtg
efeFh/
ajcvsifwyf -a;dJh vfh[kxtglrdfh/
+cHcwfonf -rkfg jfgrG/
cuf&mcufqpf -fglkdf fgcGh/ ;kJlkdf
;kJcGh/
cufcufcJcJ -lkdflkdf cGhcGh/
cGJjcm;odjrifonf -bdfodJg eJhadJhvu/
ajcmufvkH;jyL; -cysdfg(pfg) jfgry/
jcif;vkH; -rkyoKh jfg;Hh/
cGm -vfhbkG/ jfgnfh/ oJgjfgnfh/
acGonf -JgvHg/ JgqkKg/(JgqkKg[du
cHgl;dJg)/ lkfharHg/
acG;av;-jfga;f/ omygnH/ omygjfga;f/
acG;oGm;pdyf -omygvHg vdJhffg(omygvHg
vdJhffg [t zGefh;kug)/
acG;tlonf -omyg Kgbkug/ omyglrkfh/
cGJcGmonf -zdtlkGh/ zdtcyglrdfh/
zdtlkGhadfh/ oJgzdt jfgnfhadfh/
cGJjcrf;onf -bkJgnGadfh/ lkfhnGadfh/
cGJpdyfukoonf -rfhnG aH,fg/
cGJxGufonf -oJglkGhadfh/
cGJpdyfq&m0ef -jkGgvHg ifrf ;kJrfhnG/
cGJa0onf -eJhadJh oJglkJ/ eJhadJh
jkfhlkJ/ eJhlkJ/
cGifhðycsuf -skyeGg vmfdfgl;y/
cGifhðyonf -[dJ vmfdfg/
cGifhvGwfonf -l;mkuh vmfdfg/ l;mkuh
jkGgiF/
¹cGif;csefonf -eJgjkfh [fhadfh/
*kd%f;*%0g' =adJhnH a;KnH rdua;uh/
*kd%f;tpk =adJhnHa;K/ adJhl;KnH/
*&kðy =skJgrdf odfgsky/ iJskJ
odfgsky/ jfgskJgsky/
*%ef;wGufonf =omGhbf [mf/
*%ef;ocFsm =[mf/
ò*dvf =;y;HhcGg/
*k%f =skJ;yh jfgvGh/
*k%fðyonf =bkJodfgglkJ skJ;yh jfgvGh/
bkJg;yh jfgvGh odfgsky/
*k%f,lonf =ndJ skJ;yh jfgvGh/ ndJ
jkGg;yh jfgvGh/
*k%foduQm =skJ;yh jfgrdJh[Hg/
*wdwnfjcif; =jkGgJgbfg K;kdfg/
jkGgK;kdfg a;kKgbfg/
*kwfaoG;pkwfvuf0g;}uD;tkyf =zmyuh akdfh
euhimyg rK eKgeyjkFh/
*****
41
*&kem =iG,kKg a;fgeGg/g
*k%fom&nf -skJ;yh jfgvGh zkdf[Gg/
*k%fawmf -skJ;yh jfgvGh zfhcGh/
*k%fj'yf -skJ;yh jfgvGha;kK/
*kH;acsmonf -yg;ug eKga;dJ/
*&kpdkufonf -sJgjkJgsky/ bdfvmGg
rdfsky/
*,uf&dkufonf -kfku eGgcGh/ kfku
lkfeGg/
*Edkifawm -jfgsKh jfgkuh/
8a,muf*,ufEkdifonf -cyl;F cycdJg/
,K,K ;Jh;Jh/
*sKH -ekxt vfhbkyhoHh/ ekxtaHh;fh/
a*gwHausmuf -;kKjfg'ug/
*dk%f;csKyf -lrkGgltsky jkGgzKeGh
vfhcdJ/
*dk%f;tkyf -lrkGgltsky jkGgzKeGh [HgvHg/
*0Hausmuf -;kK[yharfh/
*Grf; -jfgndf/
*VKefiSuf -oHg[Hg JgrkH/
*wfXme -a;dJhlkKqkyh bfeuh/
*kHeDtdwf -vFh;kygldJh/ vFh;kyg ldJhoKh/
ò*dvfeuQwf -lfgidtg ;yh;Hh cGgl;K/
*&kðyonf -jkuhbfg iJskJodfg/ jfgskJg
rdfodfgsky/ bdfjkuh iJskJ
odfgsky/
*wd -jkGgK;kdfg/
*wdðyonf -bkJgbfg jkGgK;kdfg/ K;kdfg/
K;kdfg a;kKgbfg/
*k%ft*gF -skJ;yh jfgvGh,kug/
ò*dvfom; -lfgidtg vHgnH/ cGg;y ;HhnH/
ò*dvfwk -cGg,K;Jh/ cGg,kug bdfeFh/
*a,mifacsmufcsm; -jkfhjkKh jkfhjkdf/
*&if;0pfpHawmfcsdef -aryhmyw bfeuh
cdthvGg/
a*:&cg;oD; -arkfhaHh ;yiGg/
a*: jym; -zku[Hg (;kJlkGh sfkJg)/
*kefavsmf -vFh/
*g0ef -kdJg[tg jfgqkfg/
*sme,f -jkGgryg ;yg;kGg/
*Dwm -jyg/ jyg[Kg/
*gxm -'kufkxtef/ 'kufkxtnmy/
*a[ -l;Kgyg(;kJnHg yhzFh sf jkKoG)/
*a[qufonf -nHgyhzFh jkKoG.jfg;yh/
a*gyuvl}uD; -lrkGg bdfvmGg jkGzKeGh
[HgvHg/
*%gr+idrf -ugkatg ifhrdfhjug/
*%ef;-[mfbf/ cdug/
*%ef;aygif;puf -[mfbf l;KzG/
*%ef;vufru&d,m -cdugafgsKh Jgqkyh/
*rl;&SL;xkd;vkyfonf -bkJgjfgoK jfgokxtg/
*%ef;ocFsmynm&Sif -[mfiynG edfgzGg/
*a,mifacsmufcsm;jzpfonf -vdJ,F
jkfhjKh jkfhjkdf/ omkuhvdJ,F
jkfhjKh jkfhjkdf/
*&dvlrsLd; -xryw lrkGg;kHg bdJztgh/
*&0w&m; -jkGgeJg ,kFpkf jkGgzK/
*gvef -afg;fg(afg;fglHh)/
*Dwynm&Sif -jkGg[Kg jkGgfkxt iynG
edfgzGg/
*Dw - jkGg[Kg jkGgfkxt/
42
*D,m - oHg;kHg/ ,K;kHg/ jkGgeuh oHg;kHg/
*D,mbD; - oHg;kHgefh/
*layguf - cugaHh/
*zDyef; - jfgl;Gg aHh;fhnuh/
*zDxkwf -jfgl;Gg aHh;fheug/
a*gufoD; - xKl;KglrdJh jfg;Hh/
a*gufuGif; - xKakJ[Fh/ akJ[Fh ;kJbkFh
xKl;Kg jfg;Hh/
a*gufoD;&dkufonf -bkFh xKl;Kg jfg;Hh/
*k%fwufaponf -skJ;yh jfgvGhodfg/
*dk%f; -adJha;K/
*dwf -xJj/ a;dJh jfgakdfgjkFh/
*dwfa=u; -a;dJh jfgakdfg jkFhaGg/
*syefjynf -zdfglfgakJ/
*sD=or}wD -zygK bfgjry[mf/
*sL'dk -jkGgndf skyjkfh/
*sL;vlrsLd; -zdHh lrkGg;kHgbdJh/
*sufwkdufav,Of -zdGakath iKhnKh
;kJcfjkGg/
*sif -l;Kgjfhrkyh/ efhjfgrkyh/
*spfum; -;kuzGzdyn/
*sLHpuf -zG qkyhbkFg ekxtaHh;fh/
*Grf; -jfgndf/
*Grf;apmif -kyakGg ndfl;dJ/
CCem;em; =ifhrdfh ifh[Gg/
_idrf;csrf;a&; =jkGglkJh[duh/ jkGglkJh[muh/
_idrf;csrf;a&;wyfzGJ@ =jkGglkJh[duh
a;dJhl;K/
aiGwefbkd;usonf =rFh'kug lrkygjkfh/
rFh'kHg lrkygjkfh/
jiif;qkdonf =zkHhjug oJardfcFg/
akxtgcFg/ arJcFg/
jiif;qJonf =bkJgzkdJh bkJgzkFg/
_idrf;csrf;pGmtwl&SifwGJaexkdifa&; =jkGgug
lkJh[duh juheGg rku;Hh/
iSg;&rf;onf =amkyhvdfh/ amkyheKg/
amkyh;kuh/ [dJvdfh/ [dJeKg/
[dJ;kuh/
irf;onf =iJ;kKh juhaGg/ bdfjuhaGg/
_idonf =xfyhbfg/ jfgeKgbfg/ edfyhbfg/
jfgarkfhbfg/
_iD;aiG@onf =jfgfkxth jfgcGhkatg/
jiLplonf =iJvfkatg/ iJ[dJ jugkatg/
_idrfqdwfonf =ugidtg ugkatg/
ajimifh =jfgbkKh/
òid;onf =iJoJg iJkfhkatg/
_idrf;csrf;om,mpGm =jfgzkH jfgeG
lkJh[duh bkug;fh/
_idrf;onf =bkJglkJ/ bkJglkyh/
òidjiifonf =iGhl;Ghkatg/ iJbkJg jugkatg/
juhjugkatg/ iJ[dJ jugkatg/
jiif;qefonf =zkHhjug/ akatgcFg/
jiif;y,fonf =zkHhjug eJgadfhcFg/
akatgndJcFg/ zkHhjugcFg/
òid@onf =yg;fgsky/
iwfrGwfonf =iJqkyh iJJg/ ugqkyh ugaKh/
iefonf =cFhkGh/
iHhqkdif;onf =ugakatrJ/ uglkK akatrJ/
CCCCC
iiiii
43
ug,duh akatrJ/
ikwfikwfxdkifonf =jfglHlH ugpfh/
ikyfrdoJwkdif =;kdfg'kFhjkdth jfgbfug/
ikHonf =lkxtgsky/
ikH@Iaumufonf ='kKgjkfhndJ/
'kKg;kdfg Jgodtg/
jirf; =jkGgjfgrkG/
ikH;iSuf =oHgrmy/ oHgoGh/
jirf;qifonf =jfgrkGodfg eyh edf euhzyg
fgvGh sdtg/
iwfrGwfacgif;yg;onf =fgakdfg ugqkyh ugaKh/
iSg;vkyfonf =[fhaGgbkJg/ vdfhbkJg/
_idrfoufonf =ugidtg/ idtgarJh/ fgidtg
fgarJh/
i&J =bKrfg lkKgjkdfgaHh/
i&J rD; =bygodJh/
iwkH; =lrkGgjkFh[Jh/
i&kwfaumif; =lrFhnHiGg/
ivsif =jfgsJ oK[y/
i&kwfqkH =iygkdf afgcFg/
iJhonf =,kFgoJg/ ,kFgjkfh/
iJh!Smonf =iJ,kKg lkJhakath/ iJ,kKg
eJgnmyh/
ig;}uD;qD; =jkGh[Hgef/
ig;a-umf =jkGhJg 'kxuarfhJg/
ig;usyfwefpuUL =rFhzkJg pkfheGgskJ/
ig;yg;oDv =jkGg[kxtgzK pkfha;uh/
idkoH ='kxtlrkfg/
ai;onf =bdfjfglkfg/
idkufonf =ugbdJhvfh/
ief;(bJief;) =jfgif akdfheuhoHh/
i,frljyefonf =zkdJlfgzkG akfgvdJh/
i,f&G,fekysdKonf =sfgzkG eFgefh aKhlfh/
aiGwdkuf =rFhkuh/ rFhkygkuh/
aiG&if; =rFhrfh/ rFhbkxt/
aiGpuUL =rFhzkJg/
aiGazgif;yGonf =rFhodfgnug/ rFhlrkygjkfh/
aiG&if;ðryfESHonf =Jgl;Fhjkfh rFhbkxt/
iSufusm; =oHg[Hg suarku/
iSufpvkyf =oHgjfgsyh/
iSufzsm;a&m*g =jkGgcmy jfgpkfh/
aiGvJvS,fE+ef; =rFhjkGg jfg;dfg eGlmy/
_iD;oH =jfgfkxthlrkfg/
jiif;ckHonf =oJarkdf vdJh;Hh/
arkdfoJ vdJh;Hh/
ig;wef; =jkGhrkfh/ pkfhjku/
_idrf0yfydjym;a&; =jkGglkJh[duh idtgarJh/
_idrfoufjcif; =jkGgidtgarJh/
aiGudkpDppfIokH;pGJonf =bdfjfg,Jg zfgJg rFh/
aiGa-u; =rFhoGh/
aiG'*gF; =rFhlrkdJh/ rFh,dJg/
iJuGufonf -lkusky/ iJlkusky/
ig;pdrf; -jkGhiyiKh/ jkGhiyidth/
ig;ylwif; -jkGhjfgnug/
ig;ref; -jkGh[Hg [fcdf/ jkGh[Hg [fekxth/
ig;z,f -jkGh;Gg/
ig;vifyef; -jkGhoFh/
ig;oavmuf -jkGhl;KgiH/
ig;aowWm -jkGhaKhit/
+iD;onf -jfgfkxth/
+iD;apmfeHonf -skxtgjfgrkdJh/
+idrf;csrf;a&;pmcsLyf -jkGglkJh[duh
44
;yga;kKg/
aiG!Spfonf -bkJgsFh JgrFh/
aiGwk -rFh bdfeFh/
iSufukvm;tkyf -oHg[Hg zkfh;kfh/
ppfom; =a;dJhnH/
ppfwyf =a;dJhjf/
ppfpnf;urf; =a;dJh jkGgiduidfg/
ppfwef;vsm; =a;dJhkygrkf/
ppftkyfcsKyfa&; =a;dJhjkGglt jfgry/
ppfaxmufvSrf;a&; =a;dJh jkGg;kFglkHh
oFzJh/
ppfpkHaxmuf =a;dJh lrkGgoFzJh/
pum;0Suf='ku[Kkxt/
pD;yGm;a&; =jkGgrkdfg skyodfg/
pD;yGm;a&;ESifhukefoG,fa&;0ef-uD;Xme
=jkGgrkdfg skyodfg sf
jkGgbkJakat bkJgvf [dfgvHg
bfeuh/
pnf;urf; =jkGgiduidfg/
pnf;rsOf; =jkGgidu a;dfa;uh/
pepfusaom =[t juha;uh jkfhjkJg/
ppfat;wkdufyGJ =jkGgcf jfgzdJ/
pD;yGm;a&;usKK;ausmfr+ =jkGg,ky eysdth
jkGgrkdfg skyodfg/
pm;okH;ypPnf;pk =cGgJg cGgguh jkGgakata;K/
pD;yGm;a&;jyXmef;r+0g' =jkGg[dfg ;kdthodfg
jkGgrkdfg skyodfg rdua;uh/
pD;yGm;a&;yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufr+ =jkGgrkdfg
skyodfg fgjkGg l;KzFh/ jkGgrkdfg
skyodfg fgjkGgrkdfg l;KzFh/
pDrHudef; =jkuomGhbf/ jkGglt jfgryg
a;kKgodfg/ jkGgjfg,Jg jfgryg
odfga;kKg/
pDrHudef;a&;qGJonf -rfhzmyg jkuomGhbf/
pkdufysKd;a&; =jkGgcKl;Fh/
pyspfoD; =odfoFhiGg (wfgeyiGg)/
ppfqifa&;rSL; =lrkGgjfgryg jkGgcfvHg/
pum;jyef =lrkGg lkugoJjuhg 'ku;fgcf/
lrkGglkug oJgjuh 'ku/
pmar;yGJatmifonf =lkJodfg ;ygjkGgzJh/
pmar;yGJ =;ygjkGgzJh/
apmifhxdef;cHe,f =btheGg jkGgarkyga;kKg/
btheGg jkGguglkK akdJhsky/
apmifha&SmufcHe,f =btheGg jkGgjfgakGg
a;kKgsky/
pkHprf;axmufvSrf;a&;tzGJ@ =bdflkHh oFzJh
fgl;K/
pm-unfhwkduf =;kJbdf ;ygkuh/
pmoifausmif; =idu;ygkuh/
pufr+vufr+ =zGrkdfg jfgvHg bkJgjkGg/
pufr+vufr+awmfvSefa&; =zGrkdfg
jfgvHgbkJg jkGglt odfgjuh/
pm&Gufpmwrf; =;yg;Gg jJhbf/ ;yg;Gg
;ygjJ/
pufr+0g' =zGrdua;uh/
pwk&ef;rkdif =jfgqkfg l;KlrKbtTg;/
pmpDpmukH; =;ygcHg ;ygjJh/ ;ygjJ ;ygidJg/
ppfaq;a&;tzGJ@ =cHg[dfh oFzJh fgl;K/
pOf;pm;qifajc =jfgskJg odfg;kdfg/
jfgskJg jfg,Jg/
ppppp
45
pnf;vkH;nD!Gwfr+ =jkGgl;KzFh lkJh[duh/
jkGg[muh lkJh[muh/ jkGglkJh
jkGg[duh/
pkaygif;vufcHr+ =jkGgvdfndJ l;KzFh
rku;Hh/
pkaygif;wm0efcHr+ =jkGgvdfndJ
jkGg[dfgvHg l;KzFh rku;Hh/
pkaygif;acgif;aqmifr+ =jkGglt,kHh l;KzFh
rku;Hh/
pkaygif;wm0ef,lr+ =jkGgndJodfg
jkGg[dfgvHg l;KzFh rku;Hh/
pDrHcef@cGJa&; =jkGgjfgryg juheGg/
apwem =iGl;Kg jkGiJg[dJ/
pdwf"gwf =iGl;Kg a;kKgbfg/ jkGgiHgcdug
iGcdug/ iGl;Kg jkGgug/ iGl;Kg
fgjkGg [dfgcKh/
pnf;&kH; =zmygl;K oKzFh/
pGyfpGJonf =,kGh(,kGhJgkatg)/ akGg
(akGcmy akGcGh)/ [df ([dfsJ)/
pGyfpGJcsuf =,kGha;kKgl;y/ zmGh
jfgrfhl;y/
apmfum;onf =bkJgey bkJgug/ bkJgjfgrkGh/
bkJgjfgrkGh bkfhiGlrdJh/
pwkxW =;mkyh;H;t/
pnf;&kH;a&; =jkGzmygl;K oKzFh/
pmcsKyf =;yga;kKgbfg/
pdwf0g' =iGl;Kg rdua;uh/
pdwful;,Ofqkd&S,fvpf0g' =sJgrJg cugcdGg;y
rdua;uh/
pOf;pm;jcif; =jkGgjfgskJg/
ppfEdkifonf =cflkJ/
pDrHuGyfuJonf =jfgryg lt,kHhsky/
pGef@pm;jcif; =jkGgedfhvFh/ jkGgedfhemy/
pdwfwefckd; =iGl;Kg jfgrdJh/
pOf;vJaumufuspfonf =afgl;kdfh jfgxfg/
ppfaq;onf =cHg[dfh oFzJh/ bdflkHh
zJhbf/
pDppfonf =oFzJh [dfbf/
pDpOfonf =jfgryg/
pdefac:onf =Gakat GcmJh/ GaF Gcuh/
GaF Gcdth/
pnf;vkH;nDnm =l;KzFh rfg[Fh/
apmifhpnf;onf =[duiG sJgbfgsky/
[duiG [kxtg[dusky/
pnf;rsOf;Oya' =iduidfg a;dflrku
Hlfgjyg/
pnf;urf;enf;vrf; =iduidfg a;dfa;uh/
aphaph-unfhonf =;Gh;Ghbdf/
bdfjkfhjkJg/
aphaphatmufarhonf =zGhzGh sJgsky/
pJonf =ugakat/ jfg[Fg/
ap;uyfonf =yha;kKg/ yhbfg/ edfbfg/
pHE+ef; =juhjkua;uh/ juhjkubf/
pyfqkdifonf =eJgadfhsf/ eGgrkGhsf/
pGufzufonf =sdthkJ [famku/ kJ[f
amkujkFh/ sdthkJ cyqdfh/
prf;oyfonf =zfhbdf/
pGwfajymonf =rkfhkJ/
pGef@}uJonf =[dJemyadfh/
paumpu =lKg;t lKgefhjug/ rfgrKh rfgrJg/
pD&ifonf =zygrkdfg/
pnfum;onf =jfgarkdt ugrkuG/
46
pnf;pdrfcsrf;om =[Hg,kf jGhug/ [Hg,kf
odfgiGh/
pifppftrSef =fgjuh fgeGg/ juheGg ;fgauh/
pOfrjywf =;fgjkFjug/ zygzFh/
ppfonf -zGrdf/ bGrdf/ vHglrkGrdf/
zJhbdf/
pGyfonf =jfgl;musdth/
pGHonf =skyeGg/ emyrdf/
pef;yGifhonf =emyeGg/
pHxm;onf =eJgjuha;uh/ eJg sf juhbf/
pkHprf;onf =bdflkHh oFbdf/ oFbdf/
pyf[yfonf =eGgrkGhjuh/ rkGhnFg idf;Hh/
juheGg nFg;Hh/
pnfyifom,m =jkduhlkJhbkug ifhrdfh/
pGrf;aqmifonf =bkJgeGodfg/ bkJgodfgeG/
pdyfonf =eJhlrkdJg/ lkfharyg/ ugjky/
pG,fpkH =;kKhl;yh/ ;kfjfa;yg/
zkdflkauh/ zkdflkauh[muh/
zkdflmkug[duh/ zkdfiJpJh
;kKhl;yh/
pdef;pdef;-unfhonf =a;Hga;Hgbdf/
bdfa;Hgifh/ ;Gh;Ghbdf/ bdfa;Hg/
pdrfh0ifonf =;fgzkdJhsdth/ ;fgrdJhsdth/
pdwful;onf =jfgskJg/ jfgskJgsJg/ jfgskJg
ugsJg/ jfgskJg ,JgsJg/
pdwful;,Ofonf =jfgskJg rJgbkug/
pdwful;pdwfoef; =jkGgjfgskJg/ iGl;Kg
fgjkGg jfgskJg/
pepf =juha;uh/
pH&efaiG =rFh[dJsJg/ rFh [dJrJhsJg/
pwk&ef; =l;KlrK jfgqkfg/
pmemaxmufxm;onf =iJ,kKg juheGg/
iJ,kKg eJgnmyh/
apm'uwufonf =oHhkJ odfg;t/
oHharJ odfg;t/ oHhcHg [dfh;t/
pD;yGm;OpPm =rkdfgskyodfg jkGgjGh[Fg/
pnf;vkH;nD!Gwfonf =l;KzFh lkJh[duh;Hh/
pOfhtkd; =iuh/ iuhedf/
pOf;vJonf =afgl;kdfg/
pyfonf =kdf/ a;dthjkt/ [uhaFh jtgeGg/
a;dthcyh[df/ a;mkyh cyh[df/
aphpyfonf =[du([du bJhqkGg)/ jkfhjkJg/
w&GwfwdkufqGJonf =zmygjfgrHh/
pHjy =bf;kdth/ jkGgeJg sf bf;kdth/
pH =bf/
pef@onf =oK(oKjfgl;kdth)/
pGefzsm; =oFh;t/
pGef@ypfonf =qyhadfh/
pdrfonf =l;kdtg/ zJg/
pkd;&drfonf =eJg,kKg/ akHakdfh/
pkd;&drfa-umufusonf =eJg,kKg eGgiyg/
pkd;aph =jyhjG/ jfgayg/
apmifha&Smufonf =jfgakGg uglkKsky/
uglkK jfgakGgsky/
pum;ykH -'ku lkugugadfh/ 'ku kJadfh/
'ku fgrK/ 'ku kJug/
pum; =;kfh'ku/ 'ku/ jkGgkJeGg/
pum;ajymonf =kJeGg oJg'ku/ kJeGg/
pum;}uD;pum;us,f ='ku[Hg 'ku;kdfh/
'kuzkK 'ku,kfh/
pum;ajy =;ygl;K ;fgcf/ ;kfh'ku
;fgcf/
47
pum;&nfvkonf =[yhzGh;Hh 'kukJeGg/
pum;&nfvkyGJ ='kukJeGg [yhzGh aHadf/
pwdk;cef; =jkfhjyh jkGg[K/
prkefpyg; =ekxtku/
ponf =zfodfg/ cHgeG ;fgqKh/ bkJg;fgqKh/
iyhjfgkJg/
pmwdkuf =;ygzdt ;ygakfg kygkuh/
pcef; =vfh;kJ ugl;K/ jkGgugl;K vfh;kJ/
pmvkH; =;ygl;Kg/
pkonf =ugl;K/ ndJl;K/ eJgl;K/
pkpnf;onf =ugl;KzFh/ ugl;K yhzFh;Hh/
l;KzFh;Hh/
pdwfaumufonf =iGl;Kg jfgakfg/
bkJglkxt/
ppfokH@yef; =a;dJhlkFsky/
pmay =;yg;kGg/
pm&Guf pmwrf; -;yg;Gg/
pGJonf =zmGh(JgzmGh uhzmGh)/ yhzFha;kKg/
edfbfg/
pGJvef;onf =iJ,kFzFh/ sJgskyzFh/
sJgzmGhsky/
pm;yGJckH =[yhrkGh/
pm;yGJxkd; =lrkGg;JhJg ;Jhuh/
pm;okH;jcif; =jkGgJguh/ jkGgzfgJg zfguh/
pDwef;vSnfhvnfonf =zdt;Jh lrku[fh
rkfh/
pufbD; =;kuhyg,ky/ ;kuh,ky/
pkpkaygif; =l;Kl;yh;kKh/ l;Kjkt;kKh/
pl;onf =cdf/
pl;xkd;onf =cFhekxt/
plonf =zkdJzdthoJg (zkdJzdthoJg
vfhHg)/
pdwfcs = thbfgsky jkfhjkJg/ jkfhjkJg/
,kFsky jkfhjkJg/ iGl;Kg
,kFsky/ ,kFJgsky/
pdef =;kKiJlrdJh jfgvGh/
ppfajy_idrf;a&; =jkGgbkJglkJh [duhadfh
jkGgcf/
pdkxkdif;onf =jfgzkHh jfgyh/
pufud&d,m =zGarFg zGarKh/
pif-u,fonf =bmkuhl;yh cyhl;kug/
pifòydiftpdk;& =vmy juhaGg/ vmy [yhzGh/
ppfa-umif; =a;dJha;uh a;dfodfg/
ppfonf =a;dJhnH/ fgzG/ a;dJhnH
a;uhnH/
ppfckH&kH; =a;dJhjkGg zygrkdfg fgl;K(;H)/
ppfjzpfonf =jkGgcf omkuhodfg/ bkJg
jkGgcf/ cf jkGgcf/
pnf;rJhurf;rJhtðytrl =iduldJ idfgldJ
fgjkGg bkJg,kug ;kdthoJg/
pdwful;Om%f =jkGgjfgskJgzkdf/ iGl;Kg
jkGgjfgskJg jfgrdJh/
pdwfpGJonf -iGl;Kg zmGhsky/
pmaypDppfa&; -;yg;kGg fgjkGg jfgrygjuh/
;yg;kGg fgjkGg zJhbdf rfhjuh/
pdwf&_yfonf -iGl;Kg bkJgkdfh/ iGl;Kg
cHcf/
p}uFm0Vm -lfgidtgl;K/
pdwf!Spfonf =iGl;KgldJ/ iGl;KgzkdJh/
pdwf!dk@ynm =zmyga;kKg iGl;Kg iynG/
pdwWZ =iGl;Kg iGhrkGg/ iGl;Kg jfgbmyh/
pdwfxufoefonf =iGl;Kgcdug/
48
pdwf0ifpm;onf =iGl;Kgug/ iGl;Kg
ugakath/ iGl;Kg cdugakath/ iGl;Kg
sdth aHhakath/
pdwfynm =iGgl;Kg iynG/
pdwfv+yf&Sm;onf =iGl;Kg[Kg/ iGl;Kg
akHakf/
pdwf0rf;uGJonf =iGl;Kg ;kHgvuvdJg/
iGl;Kg ;kHgvu vdJh;Hh/ iGl;Kg
nGadJh vdJh;Hh/
pdwftm;i,fonf =iGl;KgzkG/ iGl;Kg
cKhjug/
pEN&m; =jygjt[Hg/
prf;w0g;0g; =nFhiF nFgzktg/
prf;w0g;0g;oGm;onf =zdtiF zdtzktg/
pdrfhxGufonf =;fgzdJhoJg/ ;fgrdJhoJg/
pkHprf;onf =bdflkHg oFbdf/
pkHprf;ppfaq;onf =bdflkHh oFzJhbdf/
pGJuyfonf =yha;kKg/ rkGhsky/ bkJgeGg/
pwl'D,dk -jkGg[Kg jkGgfkxt kygkuh/
pawmfb,f&D -[yhafg 'myh,dug/
pwD&D,mwkdif -rfgqkFg oHgefh/
pmwdkufykH; -;yglHh/
pm;awmfyJ -afgeGg aHh;fh/
pmwnf; -jkGeJhjkFh ;yg/
pmayAdrmef -;yg;kGg kygkuh/
pmydk@ -;ygjkGgiHh/
pmydk'f -;yglrkul;K/
pmðypkonf -rfhl;KoJg ;yh/
pmzwfonf -kt ;yg/
pma&;pmusD -zfgrJh/ zfgrJh lrkGgrfh/
pma&;ud&d,m -jkG;kJ rfh;yg arFgarKh/
pm&if; -zfgrfhh/
pm&if;udkif -lrkGglkF zfgrfh/
pm&if;ppf -lrkGgzJh zfgrfh/
pm&dwW -jkGgug jfgryg/ skJ fgjkGg ugjfgryg/
pmvkH;aygif; -;ygl;Kgl;K/
pmvkH;aygif;onf -kt ;ygl;Kgl;K/
pmtkyf -;yg[dJ/
pmtdwf -;ygaKh/
pmtkyfzkH; -;yg[dJ aKha;Kh/
pmusufonf -idukt ;yg/
pm;aomufqkdif -cGgJg cGguha;G/
pD;u&ufbl; -cy;y eHhoKh/
pkaygif;v,f,m -;kdf l;KzFh/
pl;pdkufjcif; -jkGgdfzF sJgjkJg/
apvGwfonf -l;mkuhzdt/
puUL -zJgefg/
aphpyf!SdEd_if;onf -[tgpfh lkJh[duh;Hh/
puULcsKyfpuf -zG xfbfg zJgefg/
apcdkif;onf -sKh/
pufcsKyform; -lrkGgcG zG/
puf&kH -zGrkdfg kygkuh/
pufaoewf -cysdfg oJgzFh/
p}uFm -a;dfodfg;th/
apmif; -jyg[Kg jfgakfg/
ppfwvif; -jkGgcf vfh;kJ/
ppfwkdif; -a;dJhlt jfg;kdf/
ppfaxmufcsKyf -a;dJhjfgomu [Hga;kKg/
ppfrJhZkef -jkGgcf ug[fh vfh;kJ/
ppfaoemywd -a;dJh[Hg vHga;kKg/
pOfwGif -eyhsdtgvGh/
pOf;pm;onf -jfgskJg/
49
pnf -oKh/ iuh[Hg/
pnf; -a;dfl;dJg/
pnf;csonf -[dfgjkfh a;dfl;dJg/
pdwf -iGl;Kg/ jkGgjfgskJg/
pdwfwdkonf -iGl;Kgnkatg/ iGl;Kg[Hg/
pkwfonf -zmy/
pkef; -sJ/
prf;acsmif; -odJha;uhnH/
prf;oyf¹yGef -bkfh[kxtgeuh ;kJzfhbdf/
pdrf;um;onf -jfgvuhadfh/
pkH -nHg/
pGef@ypfonf -qyhadfh/
pGyfus,ftif;usD -zkfg,du/
pGrf;&nf -skJjkGg zkdf[Gg/
qkdif =a;G/ kyg ;kJakdfa;G/
q,fajrmif; =odJhvKg odJha;uh/
qkwfcGmonf =iKakfgvdJh jfgnfh/ iKiF
akfgvdJh jfgnfh/
qkH;jzwfcsuf =[dfgjkFh jkfhl;y/ jfg,Jg
l;Fhl;y/
qkH;ronf =kJidu kJidfg/ iduidfg/
qyfjym =oFbmkuh/
qyfjymr+ef@ =oFbmkuhbFg/
qENrJ =iJ,kFiG/
qEN =iG;kKh fgjkGg iJ,kF/ jkGjuhg
iGl;Kg/ jkGgeGgiG/
qufvuf =zyhzFh l;Jgkdfh/ zyhzFh
jkfhl;Jgkdfh/ jkfhkdfhpJh/
qifhac:csuf ='kuzky Gkdfhl;y/
Gkdfhl;y/
aqmifyk'f ='ku,JgeGg/ 'kuJgbfg/ 'kuGouh/
'kueJga;kKg/
qef@usifajymqkdonf =kJeGg cfaug/ kJeGg
cfjkFh/ kJeGg cfrkdfh/
qkwHqdwf -cdJh,kH jfhcy/
aq;cyfonf -ekxtg jfgrdJg/ ekxtbkFgg
sf jfgrdJg/
qufa=u; -rFh amkyhcdug/ rFh amkyhl;Gg/
qef@usifbuf =cfaug/ fg cfaug/ fg cfjkFh/
fgcfrkdfh jfga;my/
qef@usifr+ =jkGgcfaug/ jkGgcfjkFh/
qef@usifv#uf =cfaugkdfh/ cfaugadfh/
qENjyonf =[tg;kdth odfgkGh/
[tg;kdthodfg jkGgeGgiG/
qEN&Sdonf =jkGgeGgiG ug/ jkGiJ,kF
bdfcFhug/
qef@usifa&;0g' =cfaug rdua;uh/
qGay;r+ =jkGgjfgcdfg eKodfg/ jkGcF
eKodfg/ jkGgjtg oHgrkdfhodfg/
qkdif;xm;onf =ugakat adfhrkJh/
eJgakat akathrkJh/
qkdvkdonf =nHhiJkJ/ nHh iJkJsdtg/
qdkif;ykwf =;yga;Gug/
qifjcifonf =sJgjkJg/ sJgodfg sJg;kdfg/
jfg,Jgbdf jkfhjkJg/ jfg,Jgbdf
odfg;kdfg/
aqGaEG;onf =kJeGg [tgpfh/ kJeGg [tgpfh
vdJh;Hh
aqmufvkyfonf =JgcKodfg/ JgcK
bkJgodfg/
qqqqq
50
qufoG,fonf =l;kduhoFh/ zmygyhzFh/
l;mkuhoFh yhzFh/
aq;ppfonf =zfhbdf jkGgcmy/
qdwfuG,f&mt&yf =idtgarJh [Kkat
vfh;kJ/
qkwf,kwfonf =;fgrdt ;fgrkGg/ ;fgrdt
;fgrkGgjkfh/
qwljzpfonf =eGlmy juheGg/
qnf;uyfonf =rfgkdfh ,kFpkf/
qnf;yl;onf =rfgkdfh ndJidu/
qkHqnf;onf =jkfhcFg;Hh/
vwfvwfqwfqwf =iyidth iGhlfh/
iyidth af,myh/
qGwfqGwfjzLonf =eHhcF;F/ eHhcHjF/
qnf;yl;avhvmonf =rfgkdfh ndJidu
iJpJh/
qI-unfhonf =jfg,Jbdf/ arkdtbdf/
qDqkdifonf=eGgrkGh/
qD;Ióudonf =ugGcFg/ uglkK GcFg/
qkd;qkd;0g;0g; =zkdJhzkdJh zkFgzkFg/
qef@onf =zFg/ zFgoHh/ zFgjfgakfg/
qHhonf =sdthjuh/ sdtugh[ug/ fg[ug/
qef;onf =vuvdJg/ oJgiGh/ fgvu fgvdJg/
syjkt/
qdwf_idrfonf =idtgarJh ugkxtg/
qef;ppfonf =jfg,Jg [dfbdf/ oFzJh
jfg,Jgbdf/
qkH; =jfg[Fg;t/ [tvdJh;t/
qmavmifonf =iJqyh iJJg/
qnf;qmcsdef =bkKjkfh rfg,kJg/
qDav#mfonf =juheGg/
q,fwifonf =ndJodfgoJg/
qD;ESif;cJ =eHhvHgvdf/ odJhjfgcy vdf/
qJqJ =atrkGh(atrkGhbkJg)/ eyhatrkGh/
qJqkdonf =ygcKh/ ygcKh ygefg/
aq;a-umonf =cyhl;yh/ Jgidtgryg/
aq; =jkGgvHg/ jfgrdJgJg/
qyf =l;f(l;fcHg)/
qGJqefhonf =zmygoHhoJg/ zmygduoJg/
zmyg,duoJg/
qef;-u,fonf =vuvdJg oJg;kdth/
qGrf; =zKemy cGgJg/
aqmif;&moD =sfgoJg akJruvGh/
aqmif;Owk =;GhiGg akJrkuvGh/
qk =cdJh,kH/ jkGgskyeGg/
qkH;jzwfonf =eJghjkFhjkfh/ jfg,Jg jkFhjkfh/
qkH;jzwfcsufcsrSwfonf =[dfgjkfh jfg,Jg
jkFhjkfhl;y/
qifajcay;onf =kJl;muoJg/ [dJ jkGg
kJl;mu/
qGJxkwfonf =zmygoJg/
qlnHonf =lrkfgjfgart jfgarG/
lrkfgrH lrkfgjG/
qkd;onf =kfhrygzkdf/ kfhvfhaGg/
q&m0ef =jkGgvHg ifrf/
qka-u;aiG =cdJ,kHrFh/
qlylonf =iJlrkduh/ bkJgcHcf/
iJlrkduh iJ;yg/
qlyGufonf =eKjfgdf/
aq;cef; =jkGgvHg fg[K/
aq;pyfonf =a;kdth jkGgvHg/ afglrkHg
jkGgvHg/
51
ql_zd;onf =eFgidJg afg;kdf/
aq;acsmufyif =jfgrdJhbkFg arkfhbkK/
aq;qdk;onf =eGg;fg(eGg;fg;kyg
eGg;fg;kKg)/ zkJg;fg jkGgvHg/
aq;a&mifpkH -jkGvHg;fg fgztgztg/
aq;+rD;wdk -jkGgvHg cyhbkJlrdfh/ jkGgvHg
cyhbkJakat/
aq;odyH -jkGgvHg cyg;ygiG cyxy/
qHacG =vHgoF/
qHxkd; =vHgcdf/
qHyifwk =vHg;kdtgedJg/ vHg;kdtg efeFh/
qkd;,Grf;,kwfrmonf =kfhrygzkdf vfhaGg/
qufcHonf =odfg fgvfh;kJ/ odfgaJg
vfh;kJ/
qufpyfr+ =jkGgyh zFh;Hh/
qufqHonf =bkJgvuh bkJgidu/ l;muhoFh/
bkJgzFh jkt;Hh/
qufwkduf =zygzFh/ l;Jgkdfh/
qufwkdufjzpfonf =omkuhodfg zygzFh/
omkuhodfg l;Jgkdfh/
qufvkyfonf =bkJgl;Jgkdfh/ bkJgzyhzFh
l;Jgkdfh/
qD;oGm;onf -ygcdJg/
qD;csLda&m*g -jkGgcmy ygcdJgcdt/
aqG;onf -fgarH/ lfgHg/ fg;dJg arHarG/
qkdufa&mufonf =kdfhjkdth/ zdtjkdth/
qifjcifwkHw&m;uif;rJhonf =jkGgjfgskJg
odfg;kdfg zKjkJg ugjug/ jkGgjfg,Jg
odfg;kdfg ugjug/
qufEG,fonf =yhzFhjkt/ yhzFhjkt;Hh/ yhzFh
vdJh;Hh/
aqmif&Gufonf =ndJodfg bkJgodfg/
qif;oufaygufzGm;onf =a;mkyh ;fg;my
jkfhafg;kdfg omkuhodfg/
qENðyonf =[dfg;kdtoJgh nHh juh
iGl;Kg/ [dfg;kdth nHh ;kJiJ,kF/
amkyhodfglkJ nHh juhiGl;Kg/
[dJ;kdth iGl;Kg juheGg/
qdyfurf; =iwKga;dJh ;kJug/
odJha;uhoFh/
qkyfudkifxm;onf =aryga;kKgsky/
qkHcsuf =jkfhcFgl;y/
qkHpnf;onf =jkfhcFg l;KzFh/
qkH;&SHL;onf =;fgzkH ;fglrKg/ ;fgzkH/
q,fausmfouft&G,f =lrkGg sfgcdJvHg/
aqGrsdK;quf =a;mkyh;hdfhoFh/
qGJac:onf =Gzmygzdt/
qG,fonf =Jg;ug/ kJiJ;kKh/
qifacsqifvuf ='kul;mku 'kunmkyh/
q&m -ifrf/
qvwf&Guf -cfg;f jfgl;Gg/
qm;iefonf -JgiGg cFhkGh/
qD -[tug/ iHodJh/
ql;a!Smifhcvkwf -cHgcdf jfgnKh/ cHgcdf
cHgau/
aq;qdk;ol -lrkGg zkJg;fg jkGgvHg/
aq;xkd;tyf -oG ;kJcf jkGgvHg/
aq;0g;-jkGgvHg jkGgjdJ/
aq;okwfol-lrkGg oF jkGgvHg/ lrkG
l;kK jkGgvHg/
qJa&;wkdif;xGmonf -ygcKh ygefg/
qkd&dk;pum; -'ku ;kJa;uhkJ/
52
qufoG,fa&;ò*dvfwk -cGg,kug efeFh
;kJl;mkuhoFh/
qifqmvkyfol -lrkGg bdfeJh jkFhjkfh/
qifhuJajymif;vJr_ -jkGgjfg;dfg fgskJ
fgjkujku/
qdkif&Sif -a;GedfgzGg/
qef;jym;onf -vuvdJg/
q,fq -lmycdJ/
q,fESpf&moD -;GhiGg cdJsdJhkFg/
aqGhajrhonf -arHarG/
qGJóud; -afg;kfhl;dJg/ l;dJgzmyg/
qGJaqmifr_ -jkGgJg;ug iJ,kF/ jkGgJg;ug
iJbdf/ jkGgJg'ug oKzmyg/
qGJqkwfonf -oK,kGhadfh/
qGH@tem;r=um;ol -lGafgKh/
qGwfcl;onf -Jgefg/ skyeGg ndJsky/
qG,fwm -zkfg,du l;fhoHh/
qyfuyfyGJ -jkGgnH jkGg;dJg fgjkGg ;fgqKh/
qD;jzLyif -jfg;GhbkK/
qkawmif;onf -amkyhzKeGh/
aqmif;yg; -;yg jkGgrJgnkatg/
Zgwfobif =jkGglt;Jh oJg;kdth/
ZD0aA' =iGomkuh cyxy/
Zmwd =vfh;kJ ugoJg/
ZGwfw&Gwf =jfgl;kdt sKhcdug/
aZmf*sD =lrkGgbyglrkug/ zKemy bkyglrkug
ZdrfcHonf =vdfugeGg jkGgfgbkug/
aZmac|;jyefonf =akHifh jfgzdJ oJg/
ZeD; =bJh/
Zmwm =;ygugoJg/
Zufóud; =jfgiy ffgl;dJg/
Zmwf =jkGgkt;Jh ;fgqkKh/
Z,f =;fgqkKhl;Kg/
Zdrf =fgbkug/
aZmufxkd; =jfga;my/
aZmufxkd;rkd;ar#mf =jfga;my odfgbK/
ZD;jzLyif =[yhafg ;dJbkK/
ZD;oD; =[yhafg ;dJiGg/
Zd;uGuf =oHgekxtg/
Zmxkd;onf =vf iuhcFg/
ZgwdcsufaºuGae&m =vfh;kJ ugoJg [yheuh
vfh;kJ/
ZD0ydk;r$m;ppfqifa&; =jkGgcf sf iGomkuh
arkGomkug/
ZD0"gwkay' =iGomkuh arkGomkug cyxy/
Zd0vufeuf =iGomkuh arkGomkug
jfgakatg jfgeGh/
Zifa,mifiSuf =oHg;Jh odJhvHg/
Zpf =zmyga;G/ kdJgzkfg zmyga;G/
Zpfjrpf =vfhcdJ/ fg vfhcdJ;t/
Zgwf =(lrkGg;kHg)jkGg;kJ a;uh[kxtg/
jkGglt Jg;Jh/
Zgwf!Gef; =jkGg[df kt;Jhh fg a;uh/
jkGgkt;Jh fga;uh/
Zgwfvrf; =jkGgkt;Jh fga;df/
Zgwfodrf; =jkGgkt;Jh sug;t/
ZgwftzGJ@ =lrkGgkt;Jh fgl;K/
ZdrfcHypPnf; =jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg
;kJvdfbkug/
Zdrfacgif; =kygbdfnGg vHga;K/
ZZZZZ
53
ZdrfcHr,f =kygbdfnGg/
Zg0ufom =jkGgvHg imyxy/
ZGJ =jkGgdfzF vdfheG/
Zgwfvkdufrif;om; =lrkGgfddf
zkdJzkdfnGh/
ZgwfvkdufriforD; =lrkGgfddf
zkdJzkdfbkxt/
Zgwfaumif =lrkGgkt;Jh/
Zgwfq&m =lrkGgkt;Jh ifrf/
Za0Z0gjzpfonf -jfgskJg iFzktg/ lfg;yh
lfg;ku
Zg -eGgHh jfglrdJh/
ZgwfckH -jkGg;kJ Jg;JhrkG/
Zum -[fhaKg jfgjrdJh/
ZvDzg;wkH; -;kuhbygFh a;dfbmu/
ZvkH -eJh[Hg/
Zmyg; -eGgHh eFhjfglrdJh/
ZD;&Sdonf -ugsf fgkK fgiG/
Zuf -akdfhoFgvHg/
psmye =;kxthjkug/
psmyetcrf;tem; =;kxtjkug jkGgjfgryg/
aps; =a;G/
psmefw&m; =,dtglrkug jkGgzK/
psmef =,dtglrkug/
psKH =a;fhbJh/
aps;upm;onf =;fgqKh odfg;kdfg
jkGg'kuglrkyg/
aps;qpfonf =sKheJg jkfh,dug 'kuglrkyg/
kJ'kugjkfh/ kJ'kugaKg/
aps;wifa&mif;csonf =JgcGh [dfgodfg
'kuglrkyg/
aps;ae@ =a;GeGg/
aps;òrd@ =a;Gqkyh/
aps;aygonf -'kugaKg/
Om%f =jfgskJg jfgrdJh/
Om%f}uD;&Sif =jfgskJg jfgrdJh edfgzGg/
Om%fuGef;jrL;onf =jfgskJg jfgrdJh
;kdthoJg jfgvGh/
Om%fprf;ar;cGef; ='kucHg[dfh zJhbdf
jfgskJg jfgrdJh/
Om%fynm =jfgskJg jfgrdJh iynG/
Om%fynm&Sdonf =jfgskJg jfgrdJh iynGug/
Om%fylaZmfc =jfgskJg jfgrdJh vmuaGg/
Om%f&nf =jfgskJg jfgrdJh fg jkGgzkdf
[Gg/
Om%fopfavmif;oifwef; =jkGgiduodfg
jfgskJg jfgrdJh fg jkGgzkdf fgiGh/
!Gef-um;a&; =jkGg,kHh;kdth/
nD!Gwfa&;wyfaygif;pk =jkGglkJh [duhzFh
a;dJhl;K/
nDr#a&;0g' =rfg[Fh juheGg rdua;uh/
n%f%vkyftm; =jfgskJg jfgrdJh
jkGgbkJgkGh/ skJvHg jkGgbkJgkGh/
pspspspsps
OmOmOmOmOm
nnnnn
54
!Gef-um;csuf =,kHjkfhh ;kdthl;y/
nDvmcH -amugqnrG/ jkGgaH [Hglkauh/
jkGgaH [Hglmkuh/
!Gef-um;jcif; =jkGg,kHh ;kdthjkfh/
npfywfr+ =jkGgafgl;kdfg rygzkdf/
jkGgrygzkdf/ jkGgafg eHhbkdf/
nDnmonf =lkJhrfg[Fh/
nDr#onf =idflkJh rfg[Fh/ idflkauh
[duh/
nDwlonf =idfjuh;Hh/ idfrfg [Fh;Hh/
!dSEd+if;onf =kJcug sdthaHh;Hh/ jtglfg/
jtglfg sdthaHh;Hh/ [ygpfh
sdthaHh;Hh/
!Sd,lonf =zmygjuheGg/ bkJglkJh/ zmyglkJh/
_iD;aiG@onf =iGhl;GhbkJg/ iGhl;Ghug/ oJgiJ
jfgaKh/
npfnrf;onf =rygzkdf eHhbkdf/
rygzkdf jfglru/ jfglru jfglrfg/
nD!Gwfonf =lkJh[duh;Hh/ lkJh[muh;Hh/
!GwfuGif; =jfgzkdfh l;dJgaHh/
n%f =jkGgsJg iJpJh/ jfgskJg jfgrdJh/
nHhonf =zkdfrdfjug/ lG/ zfgarkKh
lG'K/ l;uhjug/ lGiHg/
npfywfon f=afgl;kdfg rygzkdf/
eHhbkdf rygzkdf/
nmonf =kJ,K/ ;fgkuh/ kJ,K kJ;Jh/
nHhzsif;onf =fglG fgiHg/ lGiHg/
anmifyif =a;KgbkK/
anmif;nmonf =fg jfg,kG/ jfg,Kh jfg,kG/
a!Smfonf =fg skxtgakH skxtgarkdu/
anmif;rdonf =eGgjkGg jfg,Kh jfg,kG/
nDwlr#wl =rfg[Fh juheGg idf;Hh/
!$ef;onf =,kHh;kdthjuh/ ,kHh;kdth
vdJhidf/
n =bkKvy/ bkKkJh/
nvkH;ayguf =jfgiGh jfgiGg/
nmvuf&kH; =lrkGg [t sKhJgsky [t jfgvHg
zKomu vfh;kJ/ jfgvHg zKomu/
nifomonf =ugkatg idtgarJh/ zkGskfg
ugkatg/
nD!Gwfr+òyduGJonf =jkGglkJh[duh jkfhlrKg
nGadfh/
nOfhoefacgif =bkKskJgvGh/
!dko}uD; =vfh[kxtg jfglkug/ vfhvyg/
!dko}uD;&Dk; =vfh[kxtg jfgfglkugarmy/
vfhvygarmy/
!SdKh"gwf =cyxy zmyiGg/
!SdKhonf =zmygiG/
!SOf;yef;ESdyfpufonf =bkJzkdJh bkJzkFg/
!Syfonf =[f[dJ/ Jgzyg/ JgrJh/
!Syfzdeyf =vfhnf [f[dJ/
n$ef-um;a&;rSL;csKKyf =lrkGg ,kHh;kdthjkfh
[HgvHga;kKg/
n$ef-um;onf =,kHh;kdthjkfh/
n$efjyonf =,kHhoJg;kdth/
nDr#aom -[t rfg[Fh idf;Hh/
!Gef@aygif;tpdk;& -vmy l;KzFh/
Xme =bfeuh/ vfh;kJ/
XmecsKKyf =vfh;kJa;kKg/ bfeuha;kKg/
XXXXX
55
Xmepdyf =bfeuh eJharkyg/ vfh;kJ
eJharkyg/
XmecGJ =bfeuh eJhadJh/ vfh;kJ eJhadJh/
XmeD =vfh;kJ ugsJg/ vfh;kJ ugsky/
XmeDwkdif;&if;om; =vfh;kJ ugsJg lrkGg;kHg
bdJhztg/
Xyem =jyhjkGg zfcGh/
Xmyemonf =eJg;kdfg jyhjkGg zfhcGh/
wyfaygif;pkwyfOD; =a;dJhl;K zyby/
wkdif;ðyjynfðyv$wfawmf =akJ;kJ
l;Fl;uh/
wyfrawmf =a;dJha;uh/
wwyfpdyf =a;dJh jfgeGidu/
wwyfpk =a;dJh jfgeGbkHg/
wwyfcGJ =a;dJh jfgeGl;K/
wwyf&if; =a;dJh jfgeGzFh/
wwyfr[m =a;dJh jfgeGa;uh/
wyfajymif;a&G@a&; =a;dJh jkGgiKiF/
wyfwGif;o,f,lydk@aqmifa&; =a;dJhaHh
jkGgndJiHh zdtakfg/
wyfwGif;tkyfcsKKyfa&; =a;dJhaHh jkGglt
jfgry/
awmfvSefa&; =jkGglt odfgjuh/
wm0ef =jkGg[dfgvHg/
wef;pm; =jkuztg/
wnfaqmufa&; =jkGgcK a;kKgodfg/
wm;qD;jcif; =jkGgbkJg jkfhjkFh [yh[dfh/
jkGgbkJg jkfhjkFh/
wefjyefawmfvSefa&; =jkGgjfg akGgcFg
jkGglt odfgjuh/
wpnf;wvkH;wnf; =jfgl;K jfgzFhjdth/
w0d+uf =jfgqkyh jfg[fh/ jfgqkyh jfgqkfg/
wwkdif; =jfg;kdf/
wGef;tm; =jtkGh/ cdfgkGh/
wkdif;jynf =odJhakJ/
wuf =odfg/
awmifolv,form;vlwef;pm;=lrkGgJgrkdfg
;kdflrG jkuztg/
w&m;aoorm; =lrkGgiHgjkKhh iGjkKh/
lrkGg,kF JgjkKh/
wyfpdyfrSL; =eGidu a;dJhifrf/
wyfpkrSL; =eGbkHg a;dJhvHg/
wyfcGJrSL; =eGl;K a;dJhvHg/
wyf&if;rSL; =eGzFh a;dJhvHg/
wyfr[mrSL; =eGa;uh a;dJhvHg/
awmifbuf =eG;kdfg/ zy;kdfg/
awmifolv,form; =lrkGgrkdfgJg
;kdfnH/
awmif,mckwform; =lrkGglkfhJg
lrGcugnH/
wifjycsuf =[dfg;kdthodfg l;y/
aw;uAsm&Sif =;ygktruh edfgzGg/
;kJktruh edfgzGg/
wm0efcH =lrkGgvdflkF jkGg[dfgvHg/
wnDw!Gwf =jfgl;K lkJh[duh/ jfgl;K
lkJh[muh/ rfg[Fh lkJh[duh/
wu,fjzpf&Sdaom =[t omkuhodfg ug ;fgauh/
wkduf&kduf =zKzF/ juh[Gh/ cyhjkK/
w&m;a&; =jkGgeJhzK/
wwwww
56
wpGef;wp =jfgaKh jfgayg/ jfgarKh jfgaryg/
w&m;aom =[t fgzK fgjkJg/ [t zKjkJg
fgaHh/
wif;rmr+ =jkGgvK lrdJhcFg/ jkGgaK
lrdJhcFg/
w&m;vkd =lrkGgvdfjuh/
w&m;cH =lrkGgvdfiF/
wkef@jyef =bkJgakfg vdJhcFg/ vdJhcFg/
bkJg;dJhcFg/
awmifwef;a'o =cugvHg vfh;kJ/
wqifh =jfgjku/ [uhjku/
wkdufckduf&eftoifhjyif =jfgrygsJg juhcfcFg/
ugjfgryg ;kJcfcFg/
wyfykef;cswkdufcdkufjcif; =jkGgugmu cfvdJ/
wHqdyfwkH; =jfhcy/ jfgcya;kK/
wcGefwkdif =yg;Hh/ akJomkuheuh/ augouheuh/
awmufajymifonf =jfgvGh oJg;kdth/
woufwm =jfgoFh lrkGg;kHg/ jfgzkHh
lrkGg;kHg/ jfgoFh omkuhlrkGg/
awmifa0S@ =ygodf;fh/
wwd, =idth;H;t/
w&m;r#wr+ =jkGgzK eJh[duh/ jkGgzK
eJh[muh/ jkGgzkdfg lkJhrfg[Fh/
wifjyonf =[dfg;kdthodfg/
wefjyefukefxkwfvkyfief; =bkJgoJg ;kdJhaGg
jkGgakat jkGgbkJg/
wkd;wufatmifjrifonf =[Hgodfg Godfg
lkJhodfg/ [Hgodfg oHhodfg
lkJhodfg/
waoGrwdrf; =idfjuheGg/ zKzF juheGg/
wifjyaqG;aEG;onf =kJodfg [tgpfh;kdth/
[dfgodfg [tgpfh;kdth/
way =jfgl;kGhjkFh/
wav#mufvkH; =jfgzkHhoFhh/ jfgzkHhnkat/
fgoFhoFh/ jfgzkHh nkat;kdt/
wef;wla&; =jkGgjku rfg[Fh/ jkGgug rfg[Fh/
w&m;r#wonf =eJhzK idfjuh/ eJhzK
jkfhjkJg/ eJhzK rfg[Fh/
w&yfvkH; =jfglrf l;KzFh/ jfglrfzFh/
w&m;r#wjcif; =jkGgeJhzK idfjuh/
jkGgeJhzK lkJh[duh/ jkGgeJhzK
rfg[Fh/
wkdufckdufajcr+ef;onf =cfcybkJ l;Fhadfh/
wkdif;&if;om;vlrsdK; =akJaHh lrkGg;kHg
bdJhztg/
wyfaygif;pkzGJhpnf;jcif; =jkGgcK l;Kodfg
a;dJhl;KzFh/
wkd;wufonf =[Hgodfg Godfg/ [Hgodfg
oHhodfg/
wufºuGonf =rJgodfg/ iGl;Kg cduodfgg/
wufwufºuGºuGulnDonf =bkJgzkdu sf
rJgodfg cdugcdug cKhcKh/
wkefv+yfonf =jfgpkfh vdJ,F/
wkefcHonf =jfgpkfh jfgl;kKg/
wdusonf =jkfhjkJg/ bkfjkfhjkJg/ juheGg
jkfhjkJg/
wGef;vSefonf =cdfgjkfha;kKh/
cdfgoJgadfh/
wdrfaumyaysmufonf =;fgrdt
cybkJadfh/
wdrfðryfonf =;fgzFadfh/ ;fgzF
bkJadfh/
57
wa,mufwav =jfglrkGg jfgug/
wnfhrwfonf =zKjuheGg/ jkfhjuh eGzKg/
wnfhwnfhajym =kJzK rfgsG/ kJzKzK/
wnf-unfonf =cfhlrkGh jkduh[Hg/
wl&d,m =jkGg[Kg jkGgfkxt/
wifhw,fonf =jkduhifhrdfh/
wif;wdrfonf =iJ;kKh eyhlkKg/ iJ;kKh
efskyeGg/ rygiG ef fgug/
wwfEdkifonf =eG/ bkJgeG/ bkJgeG;fh/
wefonf ='kuglrkygjuh/ 'kuglrkyg juheGg/
aKgeGgjuh/
wrf;wonf =iJ,kF bdfcFg/ iJ,kF
skyeGg/
wdyfemrdwf =,Jgomkuh vucdJg/ ,Jgomkuh
bdf;mku/
wkdufwGef;onf =jfgomu jfgcdfgodfg/
wnfwnfwHhwHh =a;kKga;kKg bfgbfg/
a;kKgbfg cfhlrkG/
wwfajrmufonf =zkdfodfg/
wkyonf =bdfeFhbkJg/ bkJgefeFh/
wDxGifonf =bkJgomkuhodfg/ bkJgoJgomkuh/
wnfaxmifonf =cKomkuhodfg/
wGef;ykd@onf =cdfgiHhomkuh/ cdfgiHhodfg/
wdusrSefuefpGm =jkfhjkJg juheGg pfgzkK/
wlnDonf =idfrfg[Fh vdJh;Hh/
idfvdJh;Hh
wuUokdvf =iynG jkuvHg/ iynG jkuoHh/
wuUokdvfausmif; =iynG jkuvHg
idu;ygkuh/
awhIxm;onf =[dfga;kfnFg/
wdrf;,drf;onf =muouh mu;kdfg/
wdrf;apmif;onf =;fga;kKh jfgzfh/
awmif;wif;onf =lrdJhbfg jfgpfh/
lrdJhcKh jfgpfh/
wGufcsufonf =omGhzJhbdf/ omGh,Jggbdf/
wdkonf =nkatg/
wkdawmif;onf =nkatgjt/
wif;wdrfa&mifh&Jjcif; =jkGgiJ;kKh eyhlkKg/g
jkGgiJ;kKh eyh juhskyeGg/
jkGgiJ;kKheyh ;kJskyeGg/
jkGgrygiG efskyeGg/
wrvGefb0 =jkGgug ifhrdfh [t
;kxthakJ/
woD;yk*~vdu =[FgjGh jfglrkGgjdt/h
wGe@fwkdonf =iJ;uh [dJoJg/
w&m;a[monf =kKjfgrfh/ kJlrKg
oJg;kdth/
w&m;rr+ =jkGgiF zkGlrdJh/
awmif;yefonf =amkyhiJ,kKg/
awmif;qkdonf =amkygodfg/
wkduf =a;Fefg/ cf/ jkfeGg/
wefckd; =jfgrdJh jfgvGh/ jfgrdJh[Hg/
w&m;0ifonf =sdth jkGgeJh zKaHh/ sdth
zfgrfhaHh/ ug jkGgeJh zKaHh/
waq; =kathbkFg/
wnDw!Gwfwnf; =jfgl;K lkJh[duhjdth/
wa,m =jygzmyg/
w&m;cHjyoufao =lrkGgvdfiF fg
jkGgvdf jdf;kdth/
w&m;pD&ifcsuf =jkGgzyg rkdfgl;y/
w&m;pD&ifqkH;jywfonf =zygrkdfg
[dfgjkFhjkfh/
58
w&m;pGJonf =zmGhjfgrfh/ ,kGh sf
jkGgeJhzK/
w&m;rusifhxkH; =jkGgiF zkGlrdJh eJhzK
;kJa;uh/
w&m;r0if =sdth jkGgeJhzK aHhjug/ sdth
zfgrfh aHhjug/
w&m;vkdjyoufao =lrkGgvdfjuh fg
jkGgvdf jdf;kdth/
w&m;aov$wfonf =cHgl;G;fh sf
jkGgeJhzK/
w&kyfZD;oD; =kJh[yh afg;dJhiGg/
wmwkdajy;onf =a;dfg fgnFg/
wd&dp>mef =jkGgnH jkGg;dJg/ jkGgarkG
jkGgodug/ jkGgbkyg jkGgbkdf/
wD;wkd;0g'jze@fonf =l;mkuhoJg lfgcyhkatg
rdua;uh/
wl;ajrmif; =odJa;uhqkGh/
aw;uAsm ='kuktruh 'kuktrGg/
aw;pyfol =lrkG cHgjJ 'kuktruh/
awm =bkyg[Hg iHga;Gh/
wcg;rSL;=lrkGguglkK afg[fhvHg/
wHcGef =eGgHh zkKakath/
wHigonf =lrkGg lkFJgjkGh/
wHqdyfacgif; =jfhcy vHga;KzJg/
wkdvDrkdvD =jkfhjyhjkGg nHbKh nHbG/
wkd;jrifhonf =[dfgiKodfg/
wufºuGol =lrkGg iGl;Kgcduh/
wufa&mufol =lrkGg odfgugakath/
wufa&mufonf =odfugakath/
wkdufckdufonf =cflkfh/
wefbkd;&Sdonf ='kuglrkygug/
wkefwkef&D&D =jfgpkfh jfg[Gg/
wkefv+yfacsmufcsm;onf =iJcJg vdJ,kF/
jfgpfh vdJ,kF/
-wd*H =idthskfhlrku/ idthskfh jfgqkfg/
awGa0xkdif;r+dif; =odtgvy jfglkfg/
awG@&Sdonf =bdfodJg/ bdfodJgug/
awG;qonf =jfgskJg jfg,Jg/
awG;ac:onf =jfgskJg jkfhcf/ jfgskJg
jkfhl;H/
awG;awmonf =jfgskJg/ ugjfgskJg/
wGJbuf =zygzFh/
wG,fwmonf =iJ;kGg ,kKgsky/
wkdufcsif;ypf'kH;ysH =cy;H ;kJvG a;Fefg
sf a;Fefg/
wkdufqkdifonf =jkfhjuh jkfheGg/ jkfhjuh
cdtvGh/ jkfhjuh cFg;Hh/
wdkuftdrf -kygueFg/
wdkufyGJ =jkGgcf/
wkduf&dkufypfonf =vGzKzF/ vGjuh[Gh/
vGcyhjkK/
wkdufav,Of =akathiKhnKh ;kJcf/
wif;um; =;kuhzG jkKoG/ bKgjfgafh
jkKoG/
wif;ykwf =iwKgyg lkKg[Hg/
awmif0if&dk;pGef; =kJgvHg [yheuh oFh;t [t
zy;kdfg/
awmif;wonf =sJgidtg bdfcFgamkyh/
sJgidtgamkyh/
awmif;qkdcsuf =amkyhodfgl;y/
awmif;&rf;onf =amkyhJg amkyhuh/ amkyhrKh
amkyhrJg/
59
wkdif-um;onf =kJcug ;kdthodfg/
wkdifwnfonf =kJa;kKgbfg/ eJg sf
;kJa;kKgbfg/ kJjdf sf
;kJa;kKgbfg/
wdkifwef;csuf =kJcug oJga;kKgl;y/
wkdifwef;onf =kJcdug oJga;kKg/
wkdifyifonf =kJcug [tgpfh sdthaHh
vdJh;Hh/
wkdif;wmonf =jJhbdf/ jJhzK/
wkdif;rSL; =jfg;kdf[HgvHg/
wu|ef;ydk@onf =iHhzdtadfh [t a;FvHg/
wcgw&H =jfgnkat jfgvdfg/
wcsufvGwftrde@f ='kuzy l;FjkFh/
wcsdefwnf; =jfgnkatjdth/ cdtvGh
jfgnkatjdth/
wm;ckefonff =lkfheG jfgakdfg/
wpkHwa,muf =jfgaHh jfglrkGg/
wpHk =jfgidu/
wzef =jfgnkat/ jfgnkat vdJidf/
idfjfgnkath/ vdJhidf jfgnksth/
w,loef =,kFJg zkHhjkK/
w&H =jfgnHg/
wnf;jzwfonf =jfgryg eJhjkFhjkfh
rdflkJh/
wdwfqdwfonf =idtgarJh/
wefqmyvm =jkfhjyhjkGg ;kJjfg
rygodfg/ jfgakatg jfgeGh/ arFgarKh/
wefjyefxkd;ppf =jkGgcf;dJh cFgvdJh/
wefjyef0g'jze@fonf =l;mkuhoJg lfgcyh
vdJhcF;dJhg rdua;uh/
wefbkd;}uD;onf ='kuglrkyg[Hg/
wef;pDonf =ug [fhrkf/ jJ [fhrkf/
awmifwef;a'oomoemðytzGJ -lrkGg
bdflkHh bkJgoJg;kdth eku[kf
jkGgzKeGh [t cugvHg vfh;kJ fgl;K/
wck -jfgakatg/
wwGJ -jfgzK/
wckdif -jfgnkath/
wzD; -jfgidJg/
wxkwf -jfgzKg/ jfgeug/
wbl; -jfgbdfh/ jfgaKh/
wtkyf -jfg[dJ/ jfgbkHg/ jfga;K/
w&m;p&dwf -jkGgzygrkdfg eJhzKaGg/
w&m;&kH;vufpGJ -;H fgjkGg zygrkdfg
;kJbdfeFh ;yg[dJ/
wduspGm -jkfhjkJg pfgzkK/
wd&p>mef&Hk -jkGgnH jkGg;dJgbkyg
vfh;kJlkug/
wD;acguf=unfhonf -cHg[dfh [Kgbdf/
cHg[dfh cHgjkJgbdf/
wD;0dkif; -jkGg[Kg l;KzFh/
wl&d,m0dkif; -jkGg[Kg jkGgfkxt l;KzFh/
awmykef; -lrkGg cfaug Hlfgjyg rK ugmu
[t bkyga;Gh/
wHcg;ue@fve@f -afg[fh ;kJrkdfhey/
wHcg;rif;wkH; -afg[fh ;kJxyhgey/
wHpdk;vufaqmif -cdJh,kHh bmkuJg/
wHwkdif; -ueFg jfgrG/
wkd;csJ@onf -bkJoJg;kdf/
wkd;wkd; -katgkatg imGimG/
wkd;wufonf -[Hgodfg oHhodfg/
wkd;yGm;onf -ugGoJg/
60
wuf -odfg/ iwKga;dJh ;kJqkGh/
awmufyonf -jfgvGh/
wkdufrdonf -jkfeGg/
wif;jynfhygwD0if -lrkGg sdth;tefh lfgjyg/
wpkH wck -jfgbyh jfgztg/
wa,mufpD -jF jfglrkGglrkGg/
wOD;csif; -jfglrkGg jF[Fg/
wnf&mXme -vfh;kJ cKa;kKg/
wnf;jzwfxkwfa0onf -jfgryg eJhjkFhjkfh
[dJeJhoJg/
wdwfacG -jJl;dJg rfgqkKg/
wdwf&Daumf'g -jJlkFl;mkuh/
wefjyefaxmufvSrf;a&; -jkGgoFzJh ;dJhaGg/
wyfjze@fonf -[dfgjkfh lfgcyh a;dJh/
wyfzGJ@ -a;dJhl;K/
wyfr}uD; -a;dJh vfhcdJ[Hg/
wyfrawmftpdk;& -a;dJ fgvmy/
wdrf -jfg;kF/ K;kdt/
wGm;oGm;owW0g -jkGg;fg efzdt
arkGomkug/
awG@qkH&Sif;vif;onf -bdfodJg kJcug;yh/
awG@qkHonf -bdfodJg jkfhcFg/
wGef;z,fonf -cdfgjfgnfh/
wDxGif}uHq -zdfjfg rygoJg bkJgoJgomkuh/
xkH;pH =;kJa;uh/ rugrdfh/ ;kJa;uh
;kJvdfg/
xºuGawmfvSefa&; =jkGgafgoKg ltodfgjuh/
xdwfvSe@fajcmufjcm;onf =vdJ,F jfgrdtg
jfgldfh/ vdJ,F iJcJh/
axmywf =sHodJhef/
xkwfjyefausjimcsuf =lkugoJg [dfg;kdth
l;y/
xkwfjyefcsuf =lkugoJgl;y/ lkugoJg
;kdthl;y/
xkacsonf =oJl;yhcFg/ kJl;mucFg/
xdef;odrf;umuG,fonf =[duhiG jfgakGg
sky/ [dfg[du jfgakGgsky/
xl;c|efonf =zkdflkJ ;tefh/
zkdfzkK,kfh/
axmufcHcsuf =jfgomul;y/ jfgcdfgl;y/
xGufqkdcsuf =lkugoJg ;kdthl;y/ kJoJg
;kdthl;y/
xdef;odrf;onf =[duiGsky/ [dfg[du
sky/ lkFug [dfg[dusky/
lkF[K ugsky/
axmufcHjcif; =jkGgjfgomu(odu)
jfgcdfgodfg/ jkGglkusky/
axmufcHajymqkdonf =kJeGg lkusky/
kJeGg jfgomu(odu) jfgcdfgodfg/
axmufcHtm;ay;r+ =jkGgjfgomu(odu)
jfgcdfgodfg [dJkGh/
xD;eef; =zKndfgkuh/ zKndfg vfh;kJ/
xd;eef;cscH&onf =vdfeGg jkGgeJgjkfh
adfh[t zKndfg vfh;kJ/
xD;eefcsonf =eJgjkfh adfh[t zKndfg
vfh;kJ/
xD;eef;pGe@fv$wfjcif; =jkGgqyhadfh zKndfg
vfh;kJ/
xm0& =jfgzkHhlrkGg jfg;GgarG/ jfgzkHh
xxxxx
61
oHh;kdt/ ;fgoFh ;fgl;F/
omkuhlrkGg jfg[Fg/ jkGgug;kdt/
jkGgjfg[Fg zkdfjug/
xkwfjyefonf =lkugoJg [dfg;kdth/
xrf;aqmifonf =ndJ,fodfg/
xyfrHjznfhpGufonf =eJgsdth(skxth)
efhlku/ eJgsdth(skxth)efh fgiGh/
axmufjyonf =,kHh;kdth/ skGg;kdth/
xufjrufonf =zkdf[Gg ifhrdfh/
zkdf[Gglrdfh/ zkdf[Gg,kfh/
iJpJh lrdfhry/
xm0pOf =jfgzkHhlrkGg/ jfgzkHhoFh/
ug;kdt/
xajrmufonf =omkuhodfg vdJhidf/
eGodfg/ nGodfg/ lkJodfg/
axmufxm;onf =sJglkusky/ jfglkKh
odfg/ jfgomuodfg/ jfgskJgjdf fgpJh/
xdefvif;onf =;kdth;yh/ ;yhjfgvGh/
axmufxm;nmwmonf =iG,kKg lkusky/
iG,kKg [dfgnmkyh/ jfgskJg iG,kKg
jdfsky/
xdef;csKyfonf =lkFbfg arkyga;kKgsky/
ltug a;kKgsky/
xdefay:ausmf-um;onf =;kdth;yh odfgnug/
bmkyhiGg ;kdth;yh odfgnug/
xdyfwef; =jkuvHg/
xdyfoD; =jkuvHg;t/
axmifacsmuf =;kJcdflkF/
jkGgcdflkFaHh/
x,f0gonf =ifhrdfh ifh[Gg/
xkx,f =[kxtha;kK/
xdawG@onf =bdfodJg jtgeGg/
axmufvSrf;a&;=jkGgoFzJh/
xD =edJ
xkwfvGifhonf =l;kduh(l;mkuh)oJgakxth/
xdyfwef;acgif;aqmif =jkuvHg [HgvHg/
xdyfoD;acgif;aqmif =jkuvHg;t [HgvHg/
xGifonf =zkdfbkJgomkuh/
xl;onf =vuodfg/ vuoJg/
xl;qef;onf =vuvdJg/ iGarkJh/ fgvu
fgvdJg/
xl;jcm;onf =vuvdJgoJg/ vuvdJgodfg/
xlxyfonf =[kxtky/ ugG/ fg [kxt/ ugG
[kxtky/
xm;onf =eJg/ [dfg/
xm;odkonf =eJg[du/ [dfg[du/
xkdufwefonf =juheGg/ juheGgsky/ aKgeGg/
xif&Sm;onf =;kdth;yhoJg/
xkd;onf =l;H/ cHg/ cFh/
xkd;}udwfonf =l;HoKg/
xkonf =lkKg/ [fh/ oG/ oKg/
xkwfvkyfonf =bkJgoJg/
xkwfaz:onf =lkugoJg;kdth/
xkwfjyonf =[tg;kdthoJg/
xyfrH =lku;t/ ;tlku/
xyfqifh =lku;ta;Kh/ lkua;Kh;t/
xyfwl =idf;Hh/ idfnHh/
xkd@twl =idfnHhsdtg/
xkduJhokd@ =nHhsdtgrK/
xkdrSwqifh =[tsdtg jfgjkuodth/
xkd@tjyif =;ta;Kh sf sdtg/
xGif;onf =arf/ aG/
62
xdk;azmufonf =cFhl;uh/ sdth(skxth)sky/
xkaxmif;onf =bkFhlkKg/ lkKgJggcf/
bkFhlkKg jfgskfh/
xpf =fgbkfh/ fgafg[ug/
xpfonf =lkfhafg[ug/ lkfhbf/ afg[ug/
axmif;onf =Jgcf/
xdonf =jtgeGg/ bkJgeGg/ fgeGg/
xdef;xm; =ugafgoKg a;kKgcFg/ akdJhsky/
akdJhbfgsky/ lkFa;kKg bfgsky/
xm0&umv =jfgzkHh oHh;kdt cdtvGh/
xm0&wnfwHhonf =uga;kKg cKbfg jfgzkHh
oHh;kdt/
xm0&jzpfonf =omkuhodfgjkdth fgjfg[Fg/
omkuhodfgjkdth jfgzkHh oHh;kdth/
xm0&bk&m; =zKbfgrdfg [t jfgzkHh
oHh;kdt/
xdu&kef;yif =cHgcdf jfg,mybkK/
xdcdkufusqkH;r+ =jkGgeGgcGh jkfhadfh/
xdcdkufemusifjcif; =jkGgeGgcGh eGgskfg/
xdcdkufepfemjcif; =jkGgeGgcGh ;fgzkH
;fglrkKg/
xdcdkufjcif; =jkGgeGgcGh/
xdckdufrdjcif; =jkGgeGg jkGgeGgcGh/
axmywfoD; =sHvdfiGg/
xkdrS =[tug/ [t fgug/
xdkr#avmuf =[tefsdtg/
xkd[m =[tsdtg/
xkd[m. =sdtg fgjGh/
xkd;xGif;Om%f =jkGgjfgskJg l;uhoJg
jfgrdJh/
xkacsvGm =oJl;yhcFg ;ygefg/ kJl;mucFg
;ygefg/ ;ygefg kJl;mu/
xkda-umifh =[tsdtg vHgvdJh/
xkd;ESufcsuf =bkJgcGh bkJgskfgl;y/ kJcGh
kJskfgl;y/
xkd;_rJvufrSwf =jfgvHg jkGgjJh ;kJa;uh/
jfgcHgjJh ;kJa;uh/
xufoefonf =;ygbdfh cduglrdfh/
iGl;Kg cduglrdfh/
axmufya-u; =rFh [dJbkJgzkdu/
axmufvSrf;onf =oFbdf zJhbdf/
oFzJhbdf/
xifonf =sJg/
xif&Sm;ausmf-um;r+ =jkGgodfgnug oJg;kdth
iJpJh/
xifjrifcsuf =sJg,Jgl;y/
axmifh =fgskfhzdth/ fgskfh/
axmifhrSef =skfhzdthjuh/
xkwfukef =jkGgakat bkJgoJg/
xkwf,lonf =ndJoJg/
xkwfay;onf =[dJoJg/
xef;yif =qyg[KhbkK/
xef;&nf =qyg[KhodJh/
xef;vsuf =qyg[Kh odJhvdf/
xyf =lku/(bkJglku jfgkFg)/
xdyf =vHgqky/ bkfhoG/ [tpJh;t/
[tvHg;t/
xkyfonf =eug/ eugodfg/
xkHaq; =jkGgvHg jfga;Fh/
xkH;enf;Oya' =Hlfgjyg ;kJa;uh/
xGufukef =jkGgakat(akF)oJg/ jkGgakat
;kJoJg/
63
xlaxmifol -lrkGg bkJgodfg/ lrkGg [dJ
ugodfg/ lrkGg cKomkuhodfg/
xl;c|efajymifajrmufonf -zkdf[Gg ;tefh
odfg/ zkdf[Gg ifhrdfh odfglrdfh/
xHrS -[t fgug/
xkd;oGif;onf -cFhsdth/ cHgsdthh/
rkdfhsdth/
axmif'%f -oKh fgjkGg eGgcGh/ jkGgug eGgcGh
[t oKhaHh/
axmifhauG@ -fgskfh akGakfg/ fgskfhakG/
xnfhoGif;az: jyonf -eJgsdth lkugoJg
;kdth/
xkwfcsif;ayguf -aHh;fgl;H/
xkwfvkyfol -lrkGgbkJgoJg/
xkwfa0onf -bkJgoJg eJhjkfh/ ndJoJg
eJhjkfh/
xyfqifhxkd;vufrSwf -jfgvHg jJh;kdfg
[uhjku/
xyfwvJvJ -idfjkKh fgvfh;kJ/
idfjkKhlrG/
xyfajymonf -kJoJg ;tlku/ kJoJglku/
xyfrHI -;tlku/ ;tlku sf/
xdyfwkdufawG@jcif; -jkGgcfaug juh[Gh cFg;Hh/
jkGgzuhaGg cFgvdJh;Hh/ jkGgbdfodJg
juh[Gh cFg;Hh/
xdyfajymifonf -bkfhoG[Gh/
xrf;pif -Jg,frkG/
xrf;ykd; -Jg,feuh/ Jg,f Jgnkxtg/
xdrf;jrm;onf -vuhbkGh/ vuhbkGh vuhbkfg/
xGufay:vmonf -oJg;kdthodfg/
xGufayguf -fgaHh lkJoJg/ ;kJoJgaHhh/
xGefpuf -zGof lrG/
xGef,ufonf -ofomy/
'Drkdua&pD =[ygbug afgrJgwyg/
'l;&if;oD; =lfg;dfh skxtgiGg/
'kwd, =sdJh;H;t/
'k=OuUX =sdJh;H;t vHgzK/
'Drkdua&pDA[kdcsKyfudkifr+ =[ygbug afgrJgwyg
vfh;kJ a;fhbJh fgjkGg lkFa;kKg/
a'o =vfh;kJ/ jfglrf/
'kdif; =afgjkdfg/
'Da& =lfh;Gh odJhodfg/
'Dv+dif; =lfh;Gh odJhkfku/
'%f =jkGgeGgcGh/
'%f&m =jfgbGg/ jkGgeGg jfgbGg/ eGgjfgbGg/
'%f&m'%fcsuf =jfgbKh jfgbGg/ eGgcKg
eGgcGh/
'defcJ =sHodJhvdf/
'ef@ovGefoD; =cdJh,dJgiGg/
a'go =iGkfh/ iGl;Kg[Hg/
a'goxGufonf =iGkfhodfg/ iGl;Kg
[Hgodfg/
'Gd[ =;fgcfvu/ ;fgcf oJg sdJhztg/
'lvm =jkGgcmy ;fg;kfg/
j'yf =cyxya;kK/
j'yfxk =cyxy a;kK[kxtg/
'kH;ysH =cy;H/
'kuQdw =lrkGgjfgvHg afg[fh ;tefhjug/
lrkG[f jfgrkHg/ lrkGgug jfgrkHg/
'''''
64
'kuQ =jkGglkdf jkGgcGh/ jkGgzkdJh
jkGgzkFg/ jkGgeGglkdf eGgcGh/
'kuQa0wem =jkGgzkdJh jkGgzkFg cmycGh/
jkGgcmy jkGgcGh zkdJhzkFg/
'kuQonf =lrkGgeGg jkGglkdfh jkGgcGh/
lrkGgeGg jkGgugzkdJh ugzkFg/
lrkGgeGg jkGglkdf jkGgcGh/
'kuQonfpcef; -lrkGgeGg jkGgugzkdJh
ugzkFg vfh;kJ ugl;K/
'orudef; =[Ggwfgbtg; jkuomGgbf/
'or*%ef; =[Ggwfgbtg; [mf/
'orcGJonf =eJhnG [Ggwfgbtg;/
'orykdif; =[Ggwfgbtg adJh/
'oedu =jkfhcf jfgskJg/
'oeduaA' =jkfhcf jfgskJg cyxy/
'DZ,fqD =[ygwGg; iHodJh/
'Dyvdkrm =[ygl;ugbfg iynG/
'DrSm =[tdJh/ dJhbfg/ dJhsdtg/ eyhdJh/
'kp&dkufavmu =jkGgkfh rygzkdf kJvHg/
'l;qpf =vfhbkfh/
a'opGJ =zmGhsky vfh;kJug/ zmGhsky
jfglrf/
'*F g;jym; =rFh,dJgeGg/
'dkiferkd =[tTgsf bkugzG/
'kdifEdkaqm =[tTgsugwK arkGomkug/
'dkifAifxkd;onf =lkfcf jfga;myjkfh/
'dkif,m&D =[tTgdfgryg ;kJrfhbf/
'dkifvl}uD; =lrkGeJhadJh/ lrkGgvmGglkJ/
'dkif;erkduf =[tThsf btTlkK
'dXd =lrkGg,kF zKbfgrdfg jug/ lrkGg
jkGgzKeGgh ugjug/ lrkGgvfhaGg/
'dXd 0g' =zKbfgrdfg ugjug rdua;uh/
'%fcwfonf =sKhvdf jkGgeGgcGh
'%faiG =jkGeGg cGhzkdJh rFhjdf/ rFh
bkJg;dfJg/
'%fay;onf =[dJ jkGgvdf eGgcGh/
'¿m&D =sHgvGh jkGg[dfadfh/
'¿m&Dqefonf =at idf sf sHgvGh
jkG[dfadfh/
'ef =jfgjkdJgzkG/
'efowWK =jfgjkdJgzkG lrkG/
'ef;pD;onf =cyg[df oHgmu/
'kH;ysHxdyfzl; =cy;H vHgiGg/
'kef;pdkif;onf =l;mkuhlkf/
',ftdk;}uD; =lkKgjkdfg/
j'yfpif =cyxya;kK bmkuhl;yh/
j'yfa&m =cyxya;kK cyh[df/
'kp&dkuf -jkGgkfh vfhaGg/ jkGgiF vfhaGg/
'k-AdkvfcsLyf}uD; -sdJh;H;t a;dJh[Hg
vHga;kKg/
'k-AkdvfrSL;}uD; -sdJh;H;t a;dJheGzFh
[HgvHg/
'k-a&wyfAkdvfcsLyf=uD; -sdJh;H;t odJh
a;dJh[Hg vHga;kKg/
'l;ywf -lrkGg Jgeyh vfgbkfh/ lrkGgadf
vfgekxt/ adf vfgekxt/
'l;av; -a;dJg/
a'pDyef; -[Jgwyg jkGgnuh/
a'vD,myef; -[Jg;ygdfg jkGgnuh/
a'otvdkufpum;tokH;tE_ef; -vfh;kJ
jfgnug sf jfgnug fgjkGg zfgJg vu;Hh
'ku/ jfglrf jfgnug sf jfgnug fgjkGg
65
zfgJg sky[Fg fg'ku/
a'0gvDcHonf -vdf jkGgjGhg jkdtl;F/
a'gif; -oHglrkGh/
'dkifcGuf -jkGgefg bygiGg jfgqFgaHh/
'dkif -vfhcdJ ;kJeJh/
'%f&dkufonf -bkJg;dfJg/
'eftdk; -jfgjkdJg zkGlkKg/
a':vm -rFh[Kg;fg/
"gwfqD =sfgbyg vkatgodJh/
"e&Sif =lrkGgjGhug edfgzGg/
"gwkaA' =;fgiG cyxy/
"eo[m, =iduvuh eGl;K/
'eo[m,EkdifiH =iduvuh eGl;K
odJhakJ/
"e&SifawmfvSefa&; =jkGgltodfg juhcFg
lrkGgjGhug/
"gwf =cyxy/
"g;jy =lrkGg,kfJg/
"gwfvkH; =cyxylrkug/
"gwfavSum; =cyxy afgeuh/
"etiftm; =jGhugkGh/ jkGg[Hg ,kfkGh/
"avh =;kJkdfg/ ;kJvdfg/ ;kJa;uh
bkJg/
"avhxkH;pH =;kJa;uh ;kJkdfg/ ;kJa;uh
rugrdfh/ ;kJkdfg rugrdfg/
"dXmef =th,Jglrkug/ thodfg ,Jglrkug/
"du =;ug[Hg;t/ iJ,kF [Hg;t/ ;kJsky
[Hg;t/ vfhcdJ [Hg;t/
"gwfjym; =cyxyefg/
"epnf;pdrf =jkGg[Hg,kf odfgiGh fgjkGg
ugbkug/
"eOpPm =jkGgjGhsky jkGg[Hg,kf/
jkGg[Hg,kf jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg/
"edyif =oGhbkK/
"ed&nf =oGhbkKodJh/
"gwkvufeuf =;fgiG cyxy zFgl;kG
jfgakatg jfgeGh/
"gwfwkdif =cyxy kyoFg/
"gwfykHynm =cyxy,kug iynG/
"gwfykH&dkufonf =bFh cyxy,kug/
"gwful;onf =cyxy rkGgsky/ cyxy
nHgrkGh/ cyxy yhzFheGg/
"gwfrSefq&m =cyxy bkfh[kxtg ifrf/
"gwfvkdufonf =cyxy lkF/
"gwfajr-oZm =cyxy rygkJg/
"gwfowWK =cyxylrkGh/
"gwfóud; =cyxyl;dJg/
"gwfcsKyfonf =kKaHhbfg/
"gwfcGJcef; =kyg[K ;kJeJhnG cyxy/
"gwfcGJonf =eJhnG cyxy/
"gwfaiG@ = cyxyvkatg/
"gwfpm =lrkGgcmy cGgJg/
"rRq&m =;ygzfcGh ifrf/
"rRmwm =;kJa;uh [FgjGh/
jkKh;kJa;uh[Fg/ ;kJa;uh/
"rRmwmtavsmuf =nH ;kJa;uh
[FgjGhsdtg/ nHh;kJa;uhsdtg/
"rR"dXmef =thK ;kdfga;kKg/ jkGgK;kdfg
th;kdfg zKjkJg/ jkGgth;kdfg zKjkJg
"""""
66
;fgaf ;fgauh/ jkGgzKjkJg
;fgauh ;fgaf/
"rRowf =;ygeJgjkfh eJhlkJ jkGgzyg
rkdfg/
"g;pmcH -jkGgvdfjdf/ lrkGgvdfjdf/
"g;"g;csif;vSHvSHcsif; -ky[Fg cFg ky[Fg.
jfgedfh cFg jfgedfh/
"g;aoG;ausmuf -;kKrmkuh/
"gwfcJ -bygzygl;Kg/
"gwfrD; -cyg;yg bygzyg/
"gwfjym;puf -zGktruh/
"gwfrSefa&mifjcnf -cyxy ;yhlrku/
"l0H=u,f -cGgzyodfg/
EdkifiHwum =akJlkauh(lmkuh)akJ/
akJlkauheGg/
aEG&moD =akJakHvGh/ sfgoJg akJakHvGh/
enf; =a;uh/
enf;y&d,m,f =a;uh jfrygg,Jg/
emrfydkif; ='kuGbmkyh jfgadJh/ ,kfxy
jfgadJh/
erlem =fgrK ugsJg/ jkxtrdfrK/
EdkifiHa&; =odJhakJrJg/
EdkifiHa&;pmay =odJhakJrJg ;yg;kGg/
EdkifiHawmf =odJh;kJ akJvHg/
EdkifiHa&;tkHºuGr+ =odJhakJrJg jkGglkK
l;uhodfg/ odJhakJrJg fgjkGg afgoKg
cHcf/
EdkifiHa&;Edk;-umr+ =jkGgoHg rkdfhodfg
odJhakJrJg fgjkGg iJpJhodfg/
odJhakJrJg fgjkGg oHgrkdfh
iJpJhodfg/
e,fcsJ@orm; =lrkGgJg ;kdfoJgakJ/
lrkGgcfJg ;kdfoJgakJ/
euQaA' =bKzkG cyxy/ bkKcGg cyxy/
Edkifonf =lkJ/
EdkifiHa&;orm; =lrkGg;kFg odJhakJrJg/
em,u =lrkGg[Hg ,kFpkf/
enf;vrf;pepf =a;dfa;uh juha;uh/
eHygwf =bfjuh/
EdkifxufpD;eif; =bkJgsFh bkJgzf/ bkJgey
bkJgug/
enf;rsdK;pkH =a;uh fgztgztg/ a;uhlkauhztg/
E+dif;,SOfjcif; =jkGgjJh zkdfgbdf/ jkGgjJh
rfg[Fhbdf/ jkGgjJh[yh zGhbdf/
Ed+if;,SOfonf =jJhzkdfgbdf/ jJh[yhzGh/
ESvkH;&nf =iGl;Kg jfgrdJh/
EkdifiHaygif;csKKyftoif; =odJhakJ l;KzFh
fgl;KnH/
EG,fwlvlrsdKK;pk =bdJhidfnH/
e,fcsJ@tpdk;& =lrkGgcfJg ;kdfoJgakJ
fgvmy/
e,fcsJ@pepf =cfJg ;kdfoJgakJ juha;uh/
e,fcsJ@usL;ausmfu|efðyzdESdyfr+ =jkGgcfJg
;kdfoJgakJ fgjkGg ,kyeysdth
sKhomkuhzkF bkJgey bkJgug/
edrfESif;onf =cfbkJ idtgadfh/
eD;pyfonf =nFgsf/ nFgvdJh;Hh/
aESmifhaES;onf =jkfhnkxtg lkdf,kG/
aESmuf,Sufonf =bkJgjkfhjkFh [yh[dfh/
eeeee
67
bkJgcHcf [yh[dfh/
ESD;aESmonf =[tgpfh vdJh;Hh/ jfg;dfg;Hh
jkGgkJeGg [tgpfh/ [tgpfh odfg
;kdfg;Hh/
enf;vrf; =a;dfa;uh/
Edkifeif;onf =zkdflkJ ifhrdfh/ lkJifh
rdfh/
ed,mr =a;uhjkfhjkJg/ a;dfa;uh
jkfhjkJg/
edAŠmef =bKvHg odJhakJ/
ESdyfuGwfonf =bkJgldJey/ bkJglkJ
jkfhey/ cflkJ bkJadfh/
enf;em =a;uhlrku/
em-unf;r+ =jkGgeGgcGh iGl;Kg/
epfemjcif; =jkGgeGgcGh eGgskfg/
epfema-u; =eGgcGh eGgskfgaGg/
enf;pepf =a;uhjuh a;uheGg/
ed'gef; =;ygkt vfhcdJ/ jkGgkJeGg
vfhcdJ/
ed*kH; =jfg[Fg/ jkGgkJeGg jfg[Fg/ jkGgjfg[Fg/
ed*kH;csKyf =jkGgjfg[Fgadfh/ jkGgeJg jfg[Fg
adfh/
aES;auG;onf =,Khafgot/ ,Khef/
eDvmausmuf =;kKiJ ;fgbK/ ;kKiJ
;fgiuh/ ;kKiJ odJh;fgbK/
ae@pOf =lkauhpJh/ lmkuhpJh/
ae@wkdif; =lkauhpJhpJh/ lkauhjfgpJh/
ESHaZmfonf =skxtgjfgrdJh jfgbkfg/
Eke,fonf =zkGhedfg/ zkGskfg/
ESdyfpufonf =bkJgzkdJh bkJgzFg/
El;nHhonf =zkGhafgsH/
aexkdifonf =ugcK;kdfg/ ugcK ;kdfgsky/
eDjref;onf =;kygafgcmy/
ESH@pyfonf =lkauhl;yh/ lmkuhl;yh/
aemufusonf =jkfhsug/ jkfhnkatg/
aEG;axG;onf =;kGgbkugcFg/
ae-umaph =jfgbkK iGgl;Kg/
emvmx =cmy afgoKgiGh/
ESarsmonf =iJ;usky/
Ekwfqufonf =kJbkugcFg/ lkFbkugxFg/
zKeGh bkugcFg/
Ekwfqufpum; ='kukJ bkugcFg/
E+Hef; =lmy/
aemifw&onf -iJpJhsky skJ rK
cdfg;kdfgidf skJ/ iJskJ
cdfg;kdfgidf skJ/
aEGOwk =;GhiGg akJakHvGh/
ed'gef;ysdK;onf =zfkJeGg vfhcdJ/
ESpfywfvnfae@ =pJhefhsfg/ jfgsfg fgaHh
bkKpJh jkdthidf/
e*g; =rkHkJh/
e*g;aiG@wef; =cGgvkatglrku/
eaEG; =bkygedfhvHg/
emusifr+ =jkGgcGh/ jkGgeGgcGh/
em-unf;onf =iGl;KcGh vdJh;Hh/ eGgcGh
iGl;Kg/
emcHonf =sky[fh 'ku/
emZD0g' =sfgwyg rdua;uh/
emwm&Snfa&m*g =jkGgcmy ugjfgrkFg/
emembm0 =,kfxy jkGgug ifhrdfh/
lrkGgidJhodth jkGgug ifhrdfh/
emrnf =bmkyh/
68
em&D =zGjfgrkyh/
em;usyf =adf;kJ sky[fh/
em; =vfh;Gg/
edrdwfjyonf =[tg;kdth ;mkusJg/
edu,fvfowWK =sygaGg;lrkGh/
Elema&m*g =jkGgcmyjH/ jkGgcmy oJgjH/
aeomonf =ugjfg a;dfhbkug/
ae@pOfrSwfwrf; =lkauh(lmkuh)pJh
jkGgrfhbf/
eH&H =[K[G/
Edk@qD =sHodJh vdfcFh/
Edk;-um;onf =iJskJ skykath/ iJskJ
afg;yh/
Edk;aqmfonf =kJoHg rkdfhodfg/ kJiJ
skJodfg/
Edk;qGonf =oHgrkdfh jfgcdfgodfg/
ifafgoKg/ [dJcdugodfg kGh/
euQywfvrf;a-umif; =cGg ;kJ;kHga;df/
aemufacs; =lkHyg/
aemufcHwD;vkH; =jkGg[Kg ;kFgarkduh/
aemufwGif =[tvdJhsdtg/
aemufY =[tvdJh/
aemifvmaemufom; =nH;dJg [tvdJh/
Edkifacst&SdqkH;ol =;fhcfhGg [t lrkGg
lkJ;t/
EdkifiHwumOya' =odJhakJ lkauheGg
Hlfgjyg/
Edkifawmfpsmye =odJh;kJ akJvHg jkGgjfg
ryg;kxtjkugh/
EdkifiHawmfopPmazmufr+ =jkGgnKhldJ
odJh;kJ akJvHg jkGgvdfzK/
EdkifiHa&;ajcxkd;r+ =jkGgeKga;dJ odJhakJ
rJg/ odJhakJrJg fgjkGg eKga;dJ/
EdkifiHa&;vSKyf&Sm;r+ =odJhakJrJg fgjkGg akH
akf rHrkdfg/
EdkifiHa&;tm%m =odJhakJ ,Jglrkug/
EdkifiHom; =odJakJnH/ odJhakJ
lrkGg;kHg/
EdkifiHomjzpfjcif; =jkGgomkugodfg odJh
akJnH/
EdkifiHawmf0efxrf; =odJh;kJ akJvHg
fglrkGg bkJjkGg/
epfemonf =vdfeGg jkGgeGgcGh ;fgzkH/
eGgcGh ;fgzkH ;fglrKg/
eef;awmf =zKndfgkuh/
eef;wGif;ta&;awmfykH =jkGgomkuh jkGgldJ
rJg [t zKndfg kuhaHh/
edrhfusonf =jkfh [t Hh;kGh/ ug [t Hh;kGh/
jkfh jfgrkFh/ jkfhnkatg Hh;kGh/
e,fajr =kJgbth/
e,fvSnfh =zdt;Jhbth/
ESpfvkdbG,faumif;onf = ;kJiJ,kF
iJ;kKhrdf/
eSpfaxmif;tm;&onf =iJ;kKh rygiGh/
iJarFh rygiG/ iJarFh cFh;Fh/
ESpfodrhfonf =bkJgbkug iGl;Kg/ kJbkug
iGl;Kg/ bkJgbkug eysky/
E+wf =vfhHg/
ESdyfe,fonf =zyga;dt/
ESdrfhcsonf =cdfg;kdfg/ cdfg;kdfg skJ/
emrfr0daooe -'ku bkJgefh bmkyh/
ema&;a=ujimpm -;yg lkugoJg HhidJh
69
HhbkJ/
em;xdkif;onf -vfh;Gg afgKh/
em;aecef; -kyg[K ;kJugakath/
em;vnfoabmaygufonf -iGl;Kg l;uh
iJpJh/
em;0ifcsKdonf -sdthbkuh vfh;GgaHh/
sky[fhbkug/
em;onf -ugakat iGeG/
eD=ue@f=ue@fta&mif -fg;fg ;kygqkJg/
eD*&dk; -sygafg ruh;kKg/
eD;yg; -atrkFhjkdth/ atrkGheG/ atrkGh/
atnFg/
El;nHhajymhaysmif;onf -zkGafg sH,Hh/
El;nHhodrfarG@onf -zkG[Gg afgsH ifhrdfh/
aejyefaumif;onf -ugcdug akfgvdJhidf/
ae&yf -;kJug vfh;kJ/
ae0ifrD;+idrf;trde@f -bkKjkfh byglky
'kuzky/
eHeHyif -nuhzyhbkK/
eH&Huyfem&D -zGjfgrkyh ;kJ[fhbkfh
[K;kug/
Ekd@pm;EGm;r -lkHbkxt ;kJzyg sHodJh/
Ekd@wkdufowWm0g -arkGomkug uhskxt/
aemufusdonf -afg[kxt afgkyh/
aemufa=umif;&mZ0if -jkGg[df omkuh
odth/
EkdifiHul;vufrSwf -;ygbfjJh ;kJsdthakJ/
enf;vrf;usonf -jkfhjuh a;dfa;uh/
ewf -vyhsJ/ jfgsJ/ ;kfhedfgzGg
cugedfgzGg/
emrfpm; -'kuGbmkyh [uhjku/
ESifcsonf -qJjkfhadfh/
e,feHrdwfydkif;jcm;owfrSwfonf -[uhaFh
eJhadJh a;kKgbfg akJaFh/
EGm;pm;cGuf -lkHJg cGga;u/
EGm;okd; -lkHnGh cyh[dJg/
EGm;atmfonf -lkHbkxt bK/ lkHnGh
akK/ lkHnH bG/
ESmwH -vfhnkatharmy/
ESHaumif -jfgayh/
eHpm;ajymif; -imyh/ afglHg/
eHjynfpkwf -oHgrGgcy/
ESifxkwfonf -qJoJgadfh/
ESifh -sf/
ESpfcsLyftpD&ifcHpm -sfgjfg[Fg jkGg[dfgodfg
;yglkug;dth/
ESpfpOf0ifaiG -rFh fgjkGg afgsdth lkauhsfg/
ESpfòcdufonf -iJ,kF juheGg iGl;Kg/
juheGg iGl;Kg/
ESpfxyf -sfg [yhardJh/ sfg [dfl;Gg/
ESpfywfvnf -sfg jkfhgidf jfgkFg/ sfg
cfcFgidf jfgkFg/
ESpfvifESpfr,m; -qkGgsdJhlrkGg
bJhsdJhlrkGg/
ESpf0uf -sfga;fhbJh/
ESpfoufonf -iJ,kF iJ;kKh/
E_wfcGef;qufonf -kJbkugcFg/ kJbkugadfh/
E_wfwkdufoifay;onf -kJiduhjkfh sf
vfhHg/
E_wfxGufonf -amkyhoJgadfh/
E_wf,lonf -Jg,G ndJadfh/
ndJjkfhadfh/ rmyjkfhadfh/
70
oKndJadfh/
E_wfvSefxkd;onf -kJl;mku akfgvdJhcFg/
E_wfoD; -oHg vfhHg/ cdJh cfhHg/
jynfwGif;_idrf;csrf;a&;tzGJ@ =akJaHh jkGglkJh
[duh fgl;K/
jynfaxmifpk =akJl;KzFh/
jynfaxmifpkppfaq;a&;tzGJ@ =akJl;KzFh
jkGgoFzJh fgl;K/
jynfe,f =akJbth/
jyef-um;a&; =jkGglku ;kdthgoJg ;kf;yh/
jkGglkugoJg ;kdthcFg/
jyefvnfxlaxmifa&; =jkGgcKodfg
omkuhvdJh/
yef;wkdif =lkJbf/ jkGglkJbf/ ;kJjkdth
eG vfh;kJ/
yef;yk&kyfxk =jkGg,kuga;kK/ jkGg,kug
oGarf/ jkGg,kug edfomkuh/
ysrf;r#jcif; =jkGgndJidf rfg[Fh/
jkGgidf rfg[Fh/
jynfol@wdk;wufa&;ygwD =odJhakJnH
jkGg[Hgodfg oHhodfg lfgjyg/
yXr =afg;H;t/ jtg;H;t/
jynfol@&Jabmf =odJhakJ vHgnGhkfh/
yk*~dKvf =skJlrkGg/
ynmwwform; =lrkGgiynG/
ypPnf;rJhorm; =lrkGgjGh jkxt;Jg/
lrkGgjGh ugjug/
ypPnf;rJhvlwef;pm;awmfvSefa&; =lrkGgjGh
jkxt;Jg jkuztg jkGglt odfgjuh/
ypPnf;rJhtm%m&Sif =lrkGgjGh jkxt;Jg
,Jglrkug edfgzGg/
ðyjyifa&;0g' =bkJgrdfodfg rdua;uh/
jyefvnfðyjyifa&;0g' =bkJgrdf odfgvdJh
rdua;uh/
jye@fyGm;onf =;fg;myoJg/ ugG oJgodfg/
oJglfgcyhh Godfg/
aysmf&$ifonf =iJarFh ugbkug/ fgbkug
iJarFh/
ypfuGif; =fg[fh ;kJvG/ ;kJvG
sdth (skxth)juh/
ywf0ef;usif =jfgqyh jfgqkfg/
ywf0ef;usif&dkufcwfr+ =jfgqyh jfgqkfg
fgjkGg kfkueGg/
jy\em =jkfhjfg,Jg cHcf/ jkGgomkuh
odfg cHcf/
ydwfqkd@jcif; =jkGgiGh eycFg/ jkGgbkJg
eycFg/ jkGgbkJgey jkfhjkFh/
ykHpH =jkGg[Gh ;kdfgsJg/ skJrK/ jJhrK/
aywH =jkFheuh/ jfgl;kG jkFheuh/
ywfoufI =eGgadfhsf/ eGgrkGhsf/
ynma&;Xme =jkGgiynG bfeuh/
yx0D =kJgvHg skJvHg/ kJgvHg skJxy/
ajymif;a&$@jcif;trde@f/ ='kuzky iKiF/
y&d,m,f =jfgryg,Jg/ jkGgjfg ryg,Jg
[Kkxt/
ya'o&mZfpepf =zKndfg vfh;kJ juha;uh/
ygwDpnf;urf;xdef;odef;a&;aumfrDwD =lrkGg
jfgaK jfgakGg [duiGsky
lfgjyg jkGgiduidfg aKgbygjyg/
ygwDpDppfa&;aumfrDwD =lrkGgoF [dfbf
yyyyy
71
jfgrygbfg lfgjyg aKbygjyg/
ydkifqdkifr+ =jkGgjGhsky/ jkGgjGh sky[Fg/
ygwDpdyf =lfgjygaryg/
ygwDvkdvm;ol =lrkGgiJ,kF iJ;kKh
lfgjyg/
yÉdyuQ =cHcf cfaug/ cyhqkdfh [yh[dfh/
ygwDtaqmufttkH =lfgjygl;dtg/
ðywfusa&; =jkGg;kJ jkfhadfh/
yk'fr =cf/ bfa;kKg/
jyefvnfjyifqifa&;0g' =bkJgrdf vdJhidf
rdua;uh/ jkGgbkJgrdf jfgl;Jg
rdua;uh/
jy'g; -odJhl;Kg okxtgjfg;Hh/
jy'g;wdkif -odJhl;Kgokxtg jfg;Hheuh/
ykefuefxºuGjcif; =jkGgafgoKg cfcyhqkdfh/
ykefuefxºuGonf =afgoKg cfcyhqkdfh/
ykefuefxºuGol =lrkGgafgoKg cfcyhqkdfh/
yg0ifonf =ugsdthaHh/ ugsdth aHhakath/
yl;aygif;onf =sdthl;KzFh/ ugl;KzFh/
yÉdOmOf=jkGgK;kdfg thbfg/
yDZ =skJ[Fg iJpJh/ skJ[Fg omkughoJg/
ygwD&kH;csKyf =lfgjyg ,uha;kKg/ lfgjyg
;Ha;kKg/
ykdifEdkifpGm =lkJsky ;fgauh/ lkJskypfg/
lkJsky jkfhjkJg/
ygwDpnf;urf;xdef;odrf;a&; =jkGgjfgaK
jfgakGg [duiGhsky lfgjyg
jkGgiduidfg/
ygwDpDppfa&; =jkGgoFzJh [dfbf lfgjyg/
lfgjyg fgjkGg oFzJh [dfbf/
yk*~dKvfpGJ =zmGhskJlrkGg/
yifyef;qif;&JcHjcif; =jkGgvdf jkGgcuhnf
cuhrkdfg/
ya'o&mZfe,f0g' =jGhbth rdua;uh/
zKndfg jGhbth rdua;uh/
ðypkysdK;axmifonf =bkJgrdf vmGgodfgsky/
ðypka&;om;onf =bkJgomkuhl;K rfhoJg/
ywfpOf =lmkuhsmyh/ lmkuhcyh[dJh/
ylyefonf =akHakdfh/
y,f&Sm;onf =eJgoJgadfh/
ypfy,fonf =qyhoJgadfh/ qyhadfh/
ydwfyifonf =bkJgeyadfh/ bkJgey
jkfhjkFh/
ykwfjywfvkyfonf =[fgaGg bkJgjkFh/
[fgaGgjkFh/
ykHoufao =,kugjdf/ ,kug;kdthjdf
yDoonf =zG;kdth/ zGafgrG/
l;Fl;uh/ (kJeGgzkdf zGafgrG)/
jyuQ'def =;ygsfg;GhpJh/
jyif;jyonf =iGl;Kg cdugcKh/ iGl;Kgcdug/
ysufjym;onf =ldJjkfhadfh/ ldJedJg
adfh/
jynfh0onf =;tefhodfg/ iHg;t iGefh/
ðyusifhonf =bkJgcGhiduh/ bkJgcGhey/
ysLiSgonf =nKgnFhcFg/
ðypm;onf =bkJgeGgJg/ bkJeGg/ ;ugnKg/
lkFJg/
ðyrlonf =bkJg,kug;kdth/
aysmhajymif;onf =iHgzkG iG[Gg/
ysH@ESH@onf =lfgcyhoJg/ oJglfgcyh/
ajyvnfonf =l;FnmkyhcFg/ l;FodthcFg/
ysufpD;onf =ldJadfh/
72
ysufjy,fonf =ldJbkJ nkHhadfh/
ysufuGufonf =ldJjkfhadfh/
jyifqifonf =jfgryg bkJgsJg/ jfgryg ugsJg/
ykHjyif0wWK =jkGg[df jfg,Jg/
jyif;xefonf =cdugcKh/ cKh;fh/
jypf'%f =jkGgiF eGgcGh/
ajymifajymif =;kf;kf ;yh;yh/
ysdK;axmifonf =jfgryg vmGgodfgsky/
òydifqdkifonf =[yhzGh;Hh/
ðyef;wD;onf =ldJ bkJl;yhadfh/
;fgbkJ ;kKhadfh/ [fbkJ
;kKhl;yh/
jywfoef;onf =zKzF l;FjkFh/ l;FjkFh
eG/
jywdkuf =kygkuh [dfgug ;kJbdf/
ajymif;jyef =jfga;my/ jfgl;Jg/
ykHo¿mef =skJ,kug/
ykHao =sJgjkKh bf;kdt/ jfgskJg jkKhbf/
bkJgjkKhbf/ jkGgjkKh ;kJa;uh/
ay:aygufonf =ugoJgodfg/ omkuhnGodfg/
ay:vGifonf =oJg;kdth/
ysdK;vuFm ='kuktruh ktrGg/ 'kukt
ruhnkxtg/
ykef;atmif;onf =ugmu ugey/
ykwfcwfajymqdkonf =kJeGgcGh eGgskfg/
kJeGg jfgrkGh/
ypfy,fonf =qyhlkGgadfh/ eJgjkfhadfh/
qyhjfg nfhadfh/ lkGgjfg nfhadfh/
ydwfyifwm;qD;onf =bkJgey jkfhjkFhadfh/
ykp>m ='kulrku/
ayG@ydkufonf =ndfeF cFg;Hh/ ndfeF/
ykd'f =;yglrkul;K/
aysmfarG@onf =ugbkugsky/ ugbkug;fh/ ugbkug
iJarFh/
jyuf&,fðyonf =bkJgjfgrkGh pJharkdth/
ajyjypfonf =efl;mkyh juheGgcFg/
lkJh[duh juheGgcFg/ lkJhrfg[Fh/
jy,fonf =nkHhadfh/
ydkifqkdifonf =jGh[Fg/ jGhsky[Fg/
ynma&; =jkGgiynG/
ay:vGifxif&Sm;onf =oJg;kdth odfgnug/
yGJ =aHadf/
yGJvrf;obif =rkuG aHadf/
ynmwwfvlwef;pm; =lrkGgiynG jkuztg/
ynmtajrmftjrif&Sdonf =ug sf jkGgbdf
odJg sf iynG zK,kfh/
ynmoifqk =cdJh,kH ;kJ;kFgidu
iynG/ iynG cdJh,kH/
ynwfawmf =zKbfgrdfg 'kuzky/
yx0Dbmom&yf =kJgvHg skJxy ;yg;kGg
vfhcdJ/
yrm% =effgrK/ uhef fgrK/
y,if; =;kKiJzkG/
y&dabmu =kygndfh jkfhjyhjkGg/
y&dowf =lrkGgrkuG/
ya&m*q&m =ifrf aH,fg ;ugnKg/
ygwDpkH'Drdkua&pDtaxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJ =[ygbug
afgrJgwyg lmkuh[muh fgjkGg smuodfg
aHadf/
yg&*lbGJ =jkGgzkdf;t jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg/
yg&rD =emyugsJg/ emy qykdfhsky/
yg;uGuftm%mom; =lrkGgndJ jkGg[dfg
73
vHg [t ;kJbkJgidJh lrkGgjkGg
iFug/
yg;eyfonf =;ygbdfh afg;yh/
ydËuwf =zKemy ;ygzfhcGh/
yd&drpf =yzdJakJ euhzyg/
ydokum =jkGgjJhodfg edfadfh/
jkGgedf odfgomkuh/
yDwd =iJarFh rygiG/
yD,aq; =jkGgvHg bkJgiJ,kF/ jkGgvHg
bkugsky/
yDavmyDeH =iwKgardtgjdJ/
ykwD;aph =nfhiGgl;Kg/ aKadfl;Kg/
ykxkd; =euhzyg euhzKh/ euhzKh euhzyg/
yka&m[dwf =lrkGgiJpJh zkugsJg/
lrkGgbdf;mku/
ylwDem&Guf =nfh;Gg/
yJh =;kJlkGg/ iwKga;dJh ;kJlkGg/
yhJukdifol =lrkGglkF ;kJlkGg/
aygrsm;ºuG,f0onf =ugG ;tefh/
aygonf =ugG/
ay:onf =oJg;kdth/ odfgnug/
ykd;yJonf =odfhjfglrKh jfglrkG/
aygavmay:onf =odfgnug ;ug;kdth/
ay:a-umh =odfg;th/ ugodfg;th/ Jgodfg;th/
zkdJodfg;th/ ugodfg ;thbkug/
ydk@onf =iHhzdt/ iHh/
ydk; =iy/
ydk;r$m; =iyarkGomkug/
yufjzef;onf =kflfgcyh/ jfgcy lfgcyh/
ydkuf(uGef) =jfgqkyh jfglrdJh (;kJzkK
lkF sf jkGh)/ jfgqkyh/
ydkufvkH; =euhjfg;Hh/ odJheuh/
ykdufvkdif; =odJheuha;df/ euhjfg
;Hha;df/
yifpif =sfg[Hg ;GhaGg/
yifpifpm; =Jg sfg[Hg ;GhaGg/
yifpnf =iwKgbkKa;ku/
yif;rif;qkdif =;kJcdtg l;yha;G/ a;G
cdtg kdJgzkfg/
yifv,furf;ajc =lfh;Gh odJhoFh/
yifv,fauG@ =lfh;GhoFh jfgakfg/
aygifESHonf =lKJgadfh/
aygif;rke@f =aKbHh jfgnug/
aygif;ul; =l;mkuhoFh/ [yhzFh/ ;kJ[yhzFh/
aygif;pnf;onf =eJgl;K a;KhzFh/ ugl;K
ugzFh/ ugl;K l;KzFh/
aygif;oif;onf =Jga;kdf bkyg/ eKidu
ugrku;Hh/ eKidu vGvuh/
ywWjrm; =;kKiJ ;fg;kyg/
ydwWLp =eGgHh [kxtharyg/
ywf0ef;usiftajctae =jfgqkyh jfgqkfg
jkGgug omkuhodfg fgskJ/
okH;oyfr+ynm =;fhcfh zfhbdf iynG/
ydwfum; =eGgHh oK;kdth/ eGgHh zkK
;kdth/
ydwfp =eGgHharyg/
ykwfjywftvkyform; =lrkGgbkJg jkGgbkJg
nH [t [fhaGg jkFhbkJg/ lrkGg[fhaGg
jkFhbkJg/
yefum =;kfhJgkF/
yefuefjym; =[yheJh/
yef;csDum; =lrkGg,kug efg;kdf/
74
yef;csDqGJonf =zmyg lrkGg,kug/
yef;acG =jkGgnuh jfgqkKg/
ydefonf =arkdfh/
ydef;O =ardtg/
ykapmfESHonf =skxtgiKh/
yv††if =zKndfg vfh;kJ ugpfh/
ykH}uD;csJhonf =bkJ,ku[Hgg ;kdfoJg/
kJ;kdfoJg oJg;t/ lkugoJg;t/
ykH-urf; =,kug [dfhlfh/ ,kug akatrJ/
,kugiG arJhlfh/ ,kugiGharJh/
ykHwkdywfp =jkGg[df nKhnkatg/
ysH0Jonf =,dtgJgkyh/ ,dtgjfgqkfg/
yHkESdyfpuf =zGbkFh;yg/
ykHESdyfwdkuf =kygkuh ;kJbkFh qkyhoJg ;yg/
ysHhonf =lfgcyh/
ysdK@tefonf =lrdfodfg/ iJardf/
jyZgwf =jkGga;Hg ;Jh;kdth/ jkGglt
;Jh;kdth/
ajypm =;yg l;FvdJh/ ;yg l;Fodth/
òydusonf =jkfhlrkKg/ ;fglrkKg/
òydvJonf =;fgldJg/ ;fgedJg/
jyufvkH; =jkGgbkJg iJpkJh/ jkGgkJ
iJpkJh/
ajymifonf =[Gh;kfh/ cHgeG ;fgqKh/
;kf;yh/
ajymif;vJonf =jfg;dfg/ jfga;kfg/
oHgjfga;kfg/
jynfhpkHonf =;tefh/ lkauh[duh/
jyefay;qGJonf =zmygzdt amkyh;dJh/
jyefwef;0ift&m&Sd =[HgvHg uga;kKg vfh;kJ
[dfg[Hg/
yGifhvif;onf =;kfh;yh/
ykHESdyfxkwfa0onf =bkFhqkyh eJhoJg ;yg/
yËdZD0aq; -jkGgvHg bkJgidJh jkGgcmy
fgarkG/
yEMJwdkif -kyoFg oGbf/
yvD -bHgwfg;yg jkGgzKeGh iKrK/
ya&m*enf; -jkGg;ug jkGgnKg fga;uh/
y&kyfvkH; -jkGgvHg l;Kgskxtg/
yvl -lkyh/
yvkdif,m -jkKoG Jg[dJ/ jkKoG
[fh[dJ/ Jg[fh[dJ/
yvkwfusif;onf -jfglrug akdfhaHh/
yvdyfa&m*g -jkGgcmy ,dtarkG/ l;yx
jkGgcmy/
yoonf -ekxtgJg vyhsJ vyhsKhcGg/
ya[Vd0Sufonf -;fgcf [Kkxt/
ygvDref -lfg;ygbkfg jkGgugaH/ l;Fl;uh/
yg; -skycdJ/ fgeFh/
yg;csLdifhay:onf -skycdJ jfgqkyhaHh
oJg;kdth/
yg;odkif;arG; -skycdJcFg/
ydwkef; -amughbkxtnGh/
ykZGefqdyf -cdugxunH/
yg;csdwf -vGgarmy/
yk&pf -jfgayh odfjdJ/
ykvJ -jfgbdJ l;ygodJh l;KgeHh/
ay;ydk@onf -iHhzdt[dJ/
ay;tyfonf -[dJjkfhadfh/
ay;qyfonf -[dJ;dJh/ l;f;dJh/
yJoD; -afgeyhiGg/
yJcsdwf -iwKga;dJh zmygrkG/
75
yJwifoH -jkGglrkfg lfgqK/
ayghonf -nmyh/ cFhjkfh,dug/
ay:yvif -eGgHheFh/
ydkaumif;onf -rdf;t/ rdfa;Kh;t/
ydk;wkH;vkH; -iy;Hg/
ydk;zvHaumif -lyhlkdf arkGomkug/
ydk;avmufvef; -iynH [H[f odJhaHh/
ykd;r#ifxkwfonf -JgkyoJg jfgjkH;kdtg/
ykd;owfaq; -jkGgvHg bkJgidJh iyarkG/
yufusd -a;Hg[fhky/
ykd;yef;onf -ug;Jh iJ,kF/
ykdufqH -rFheGg/
yifyef;EGrf;e,fonf -iGlrf ;fg[fh/
yifv,f&yfjcm; -lfh;Gh odJha;Kh/
yifv,fatmf -lfh;Gh jfgqkKg/
aygif;rke@fuif -aKbHh rFhedJg vGgarfh/
aygif;pyfonf -eJgl;K cyh[df/
ydkifeufusL;vGefonf -bkJgiF eysdth
HhjGhbth/ ,yeysdth [t HhbthaHh/
ypPnf; -jkfhjyhjkGg/ jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg/
ypfonf -qyh/
ywfonf -Jgeyh/
yufonf -yglfh/(odf yglfh)/
yk'fjzwfonf -rfhcf jkFhadfh/
yef;em&ifusyfa&m*g -jkGgcmy bfgaru
iG[Fg/
yef;bJxkonf -[fh/ [fh jkKoG/
yef;bJzkd -aruh ;kJ[fh jkKoG/
aysmufqkH;onf -ugbkJhadfh/ jkfhbkJadfh/
aysmufuG,fonf -ugbkJ kxtadfh/ ugbkJ
jfg[duhadfh/
aysmufuif;onf -cyhbkJadfh/ cyhbkJ
adfhkK/
ysOfjym; -iwKgedJg/
jyyGJ -jkGg[dfg;kdth aHadf/
jym;onf -jfgedJg/
jym;csyfonf -jfgedJg cGjG/
+yD;pD;onf -odthadfhkK/
+yD;qkH;onf -odthjfg [Fgadfh/ odthl;F
adfh/
+yD;ajrmufonf -odthodfg eGadfh/
ðyvkyfonf -bkJg/ bkJgoJg/ bkJgomkuh/
ajy;ckefypf -a;dfglkfqyh jkGg;fgqKh/
aysmufusm;ppf -jkGgcf vGa;dfg/
jyify -fga;Kh fg[K/
ajymifavSmifonf -bkJgedfeFh ;fgqKh/
zkdJhedfkFh ;fgqKh/
ajymif;a&$@onf -iKiFzdt jfga;kfg
vfh;kJ/ iKiFzdt ugvu/
òydifbuf -lrkGg[yh zGhcFg/
jypfr_usifhxkH; -jkG;kJ zygrkdfg jkGgiF
;kJa;uh/
jynfESif'%fay;onf -[dJ jkGgqJ oJgadfh
akJa;Kh fgjkGg eGgcGh/
jyefvnfaygif;pnf;onf -ugl;K ugzFh
vdJhidf;Hh/
òyH;onf -pJhzfgaruh/
yGJxkwfonf -sHhoJg;kdth aHadf fgpJh/
yGwfoyfonf -nFhidJg nFh;dfh/
zdEdSyfcsKKyfcs,fjcif; =jkGgcdfga;kKg [Khey/
zzzzz
76
zufqpfqe@fusifa&; =jkGgcf augcFg nGcy/
jzpf&yfog' =omkuhrJg rdua;uh/
azgufjyefa&;orm; =lrkGgbkJgl;kGg
nK[dfh/ lrkGgbkJgl;kGg ldJl;uh/
zsufodrf;a&;0g' =bkJgldJ[du rdua;uh/
zefwD;onf =bkJgomkuhoJg/ bkJgomkuhodfg/
zuf =eG/(eGoJ. eGskxth)/[t jfgadJh/
ndfeFbfg/
zwfurm; =kdJgjfg qkfgjkFh/
azgufzsufusL;vGefonf =bkJgl;uhldJ
bkJgiFsdth (skxth)/
zGJ@pnf;onf =cKl;Kodfg/ eJgl;K ugodfg/
bkJgomkuh odfgl;K/
zDvmaoGzDjcif; =jkGgcfrkdfh jfga;myh/
zsufqD;jcif; =jkGgbkJg jkfhlrkKg
ldJadfh/ jkGgbkJgldJ/
jkGgbkJgldJ bkJgadfh/
jzefajza&; =jkGgqkdfhlkJh [dfg[duh/
jkGgqkdfh lkJh[duh/
zswfvwfonf =jfgbkdfh jfgcuh/ afg;yh
afgjG/ vHglrdfh akdfh;yh/
zdwf-um;onf =Gkdfhbkug/ Gkdfhsky
[fhbkug/
zsufodrf;onf =bkJgldJ[du/ bkJgldJ
[duadfh/
zGHH@òzd;a&; -jkGgbkJg [Hgodfg ;tefh/
zGH@òzd;wdk;wufonf =[Hgodfg oHhodfg ;tefh/
zDvgqe@fusifonf =cfrkdfh cfaugcFg/
cfrkdfh zuhaGgcFg/
azgazgoDoD =ugG ;tefh/ ;t;t efhefh/
zefqif;onf =iH;Hjkfh/
azgufzsufonf =bkJgl;uh ldJadfh/
bkJgldJ l;uhadfh/
zkdifwGJ =;ygjJidJg/
zD;pD;onf =cdfgjkfh zkdJhzkFg/ cdfgey
cdfgug/ jkygey jkygug/
zvS,fonf =jfg;dfg/ oHg;dfg/
oHgjfga;kfg/
z,f&Sm;onf =iKoJgadfh/ ndJoJgadfh/
eJgoJgadfh/ eJgoJg jfgnfhadfh/
az;ronf =jfgomku afgoKg/ jfgomku
bkJgzkduh/
zsmxGufonf =nHndfhoJg/ oJgjfgrkGg/
oJglfgcyh/
zkH;zdonf =cHgey kJheysky/
cHgbmkeusky/ [Kkxtsky/ eJgkxt
eJgeysky/
zefonf =jfgvdJ/ vGgldJh/
zGH@òzd;onf =[Hgodfg ;tefh/
az:onf =lkugoJg;kdth/
azsmfonf =a;dth/ (a;dthodJh akHcFh)/
afglrHguh(iyhiK vJl;Kg)
jzm;a,mif;onf =yg;ug yg;df/ yg;ug
zmyggvu/
ajzqkdonf =lkugoJgcFg/ kJcug oJgvdJhcFg/
azsmfajzonf =[dfgbkug ;kdthcFg/
;Jhbkug ;kdthcFg/ ;kJhJg ;kJhuhcFg/
zsif;onf =skJlG/ jkfh,dug/ fgiHg/
zkdfjkfh,dug/
jzpfonf =omkugh/
zsef;Iajymonf =kJeGg jfgcyedJg/ ;fhcfh
kJedJg/ jfg,Jg kJrJg/
77
zsef;onf =jfgcy/ jfgcyjkfh/ jfgcyzug/
jzef;onf =rkFh,dJg/ jfglkF rkFh,dJg/
ðzwfonf =oKjkfhadfh/ oKoJgadfh/
bkJglrdt oJgadfh/
ndJlrdtadfh/
azsmufypfonf =bkJgcy bkJhadfh/
bkJgldJ cybkJadfh/
ajzmifhrwfonf =zKjuheGg/ zKjkJg/
ajzmifhjzL;onf =zKbmkuhl;yh/
òzdzsufonf =bkJgjkfh lrkKgldJ/
òzHonf =afgcfg/ afgrfg/ eJgiGg/
jzKef;wD;onf =bkJg;kKh bkJgl;yhadfhh/
jze@fjzL;onf =eJhjkfh lfgcyh/ nfgjkfh
lfgcyh/ ;myhjkfh lfgcyh/ [dJjkfh
lfgcyh/
jznfhpGrf;onf =eJgefhodfg/ bkJg;t efhodfg/g
bkJ;t efhzkdf/ bkJg;t efheG/
zdwfpifonf =jkfhakat jkfhqGhadfh/
jkfhoJgadfh/
zDqefonf =zkHhjug jfgrygcFg/ oJarkdf
cFg/ akatgbkJg/ akatgcFg/ cfaugcFg/
z&dkz&J =jfgrkGg [fh[Gg/ ;kHglrdt
;kHglrdfh/ jfgnKh jfgnkatg/
azgufum;a&mif;0,fonf =bkJgakat(aF)
JgcGh Jglrkyg/
zl;pmqkHonf =emyjuh jfgrdJh eGgvdJh;Hh/
nfrfgvG fgjuh iGl;Kg a;Hg;Gg;kKg
fgeGg idtgodJh vdJh;Hh/
azsmf&nf =odJha;dth/ afglrHgodJh/
zcif =nGh/
zaemifh =vfhskxtgadfh/
zvm; =eJh[Hg/ odJheJh[Hg/
zgax;onf =JgcG nGgey/
zgonf =nGgey/ bkJgey fgl;uh/
zm;yavmif; =[ygl;KhvG/
zm;zkd =aruh/ akJ;fg iGaKh/
zdESdyfr+ =jkGgcdfgey zkdJhzkFg/
zdESdyfonf =cdfgey bkJgzkdJh/ cdfgey
zkdJhzkFg/
zdonf =cdfgey/ cdfgjkfh/ cdfga;kJg
jkfh/ jkygpJjkfh/ a;kJgpJjkfh/
zdtm;ay;onf =[dJcdfg a;kJgkGh/ [dJ
jkGgcdfg a;kJgkGh rK kJidu
kJidfskyg/
zJóud; =jfgjkH l;dJgefg/
az: jycsuf =lkugoJg ;kdthl;y/
az:a&Gr+ =jkGgbkug juhcFg/ jkGgiJarFh
iJ;kKh nKgnFhcFg/
az:a&Gonf =bkJgbkug juhcFg/ iJ;kKh
nKgnFhcFg/
az:vmzm;onf =oHgiG odfg;t eKhedJg/
zl;ikH =nuhl;H/
zufòydifonf =[yhzGhcFg/
azgufuGJonf =bkJglkK nGadfh/
azgufcGJonf =bkJglkK l;uhnGadfh/
azgufxGif;onf =bkJgl;uhsdth/
azgufjyefonf =bkJgl;Gg nKh[dfh/
bkJgl;Gg nKhldJ/
azgufonf =lrkGgJg lrkygjkFh/ bkJgl;uh/
zwfpmtkyf =;yg[dJ ;kJkt/
zkwfonf =JgeFh/
jzwfydkif; -;ygbfjJh jkFhamug/
78
zefxnfvkyfief; =bkfh[kxtgzdfh jkGgbkJg/
zefcGuf =eJhbkfh [kxtgzdfh/(eJhiwKgzdfh
bfgbkJg sf iwKgzdfh. eJhbkfh [kxtgzdfh
bfg bkJg sf bkfh[kxtgzdfh)/
zrf;0&rf; =;kJlkF vmfdfg/
zkH;tkyfonf =ugeyjkfh/ oKjkfhey/
jfga;mkuhey/
zsufy,fonf =bkJgl;yh oJgadfh/
jzLzwfjzLa&mf =eHh;Gh a;GhHg/
ajz-um;onf =kJcug skykathcFg/
ajz&Sif;onf =kJcug bkJg;yhcFg/ kJcug
kJ;yhcFg/ kJcug ;yhcFg/
ajzmifhcsufay;onf =[dJ kJl;mkul;y/
jzpfEdkifonfhtvm;tvm&Sdonf =atrkGh
omkuhodfg eGsdtg jkGgbdf cFgug/
jzpfzGm;onf =omkuhoJgodfg/
jzpfysufr+ =jkGgomkuh jkGgldJ/
jzpfajrmufonf =omkuhodfgeG/
jzpfvmonf =omkuhkdfh/ omkuhodfgkdfh/
jzpf&yf =jkGgomkuhodfg vfhcdJ/
jznfhpGufonf =eJgsdthefh/
jznf;aES;pGmoGm;onf =zdtiK[uh pfgzkK/
jzwfonf =lkfhjkFh/ bkJgjkfh/ [FhjkFh/
eFhjkFh/ zdteG/
jzwful;onf =zdteG/ aGgeG/ aGgjkFh/
zdtjkFh/
jzwfausmfoGm;onf =zdtjfg;mku
eGadfh/ zdtjfg ;mkuadfh/
jzwfxkd;Om%f =jfgskJg jfgrdJh l;Fl;uh/
jzwfxkd;Om%fraumif;ol =lrkGg [t jfgskJg
jfgrdJh l;Fl;uh rdfjug/
jzwfoGm;onf =zdtjfg;mku/ zdtjkFh/
zdt;fg l;Hadfh/ zdteGadfh
zGifhvSpfonf =efbuh;kdth/ efbuhoJg/
jze@fa0onf =eJhjkfh lfgcyh/
jzL;onf =;my/ ;myjkfh/(;my kathbFg)/
jze@fjzL;onf =;myjkfh eJhlfgcyh/ [dJjkfh
lfgcyh/
jzef@csDonf =nfgjkfh lfgcyhzdt/ eJhjkfh
lfgcyhzdt/ [dJzdt;kdth lfgcyh/
za,mif; -jfgrG/ jfgsyh jfgrG/
z&JoD; -[dJh;kFiGg/
zg;onf -oHgiGodfg skyrJg/
zJaA'if -nf omGgh emy/
zkdrqufqHa&; -fgbkxt fgnGh fgjkGg vGvuh
yhzFh/
zufxm;onf -ndfbfgsky/
azgufwH -;kJbkJg l;uheuh/
zkdifwGJonf -[dJidJg;yg/
zrf;qkyfonf -lkFarygbfg/
zkefcHonf -oKlrdt jkfhadfh fgrmy
fgrmuh/
zsmcif;onf -[Ghjkfh ;kJ[Gh/
zsm;emonf -cmycGh/
zkH;onf -bkJgey/ jfga;mkuhey/
azsmhonf -eHh;Gh/ zGrdfjug/
zsufqD;onf -bkJgldJ ldJadfh/
zsufypfonf -bkJgldJadfh/
zsufonf -bkJldJ/ oFl;yh/
zsufoabFm -odJhiKhnKh ;kJbkJgldJ/
ajzmifhwef;onf -zKrfgsG/
ajzmifhrSefonf -zKjuheGg/
79
jzpfysufaponf -bkJgomkuh bkJgldJ/
zsH -zKafgry/
jzpftHhqJqJ -jfgayhnH atrkGh omkuhodfg/
jznfhonf -eJgsdthefh/ ,Fgsdthefh/
jzwfvrf; -a;dfzK/
jzwfoef;onf -zdtjkFh/ aGgeG/ zdtjfg
;mkuheG/
jzwfcsonf -bkJgjkFhjkfh/ ndJjkFh
jkfhadfh/
jzKwfaumif -nKhif/
zGifhonf -efbuh/
aA'ifynm =jkGgomGhemy iynG/
ArmvlrsdK;}uD;0g' =bkdfgbdJh ztg[Hg
rdua;uh/
Armtu =jkGg;Jhbkdfg/ jkGgJg
;Jhbkdfg/
A[dk&f XmecGJ =vfh;kJ a;fhbJhadJh/
A[k0g' =rkuG rdua;uh/
A[dk&f =vfh;kJ a;fhbJh/
A[dk&fXmecsKyf =vfh;kJ a;fhbJha;kKg/
vfh;kJ a;fhbJh vfhcdJ/
Adkvf =a;dJhvHg/
Akdvf}uD; =eGl;K a;dJhvHg/ a;dJvHg[Hg/
AkdvfrSL; =eGzFh a;dJhvHg/ a;dJh[HgvHg/
AkdvfrSL;}uD; =eGzFh a;dJhvHg[Hg/
AkdvfcsKyf =a;dJhvHg [Hga;kKg/
AkdvfcsKyf}uD; =a;dJh[Hg vHga;kKg[Hg/
ArmvlrsdK; =bkdfgbdJhztg/
Adwmef =,fxy kK;K/
Adrmef =kygzfhcGh/
Adokum =jkGgedf odfgha;kKg/
lrkGgedf odfgug/
Adokumvuf&m =jkGgedfa;kKg jfgvHg
jkGgjJh/
aAmufzwf =vHgefg/ vHgardJg/
Asm'dwfawmf ='kuzky zfhcGh/
AkH;vufeuf =byglkK jfgakatg jfgeGh/
ADZ =skJ[Fg iJpJh/ iJpJh [FgskJ/
iJpJh [FgjGh/
aA'gyif =nuhbkK odJhvHg/
aAm"dyif =a;Kgbmkyhg;kfg/
AvD =bHgcfg;Jg iKrK/
A[ef;ausmuf =lrkGhhyg/
aAmif; =augouh/ vHgeug/
AsdKif; =oHgodJh nGheHh/
A[kokw =jkGgbdfodJg iJpJh bkJgsK/
ADZm =vmfdfg sdthakJaHh/
ADwmrif =jkGgvHg kGhrJg/
ADwmrif"gwfvGefuJjcif; =jkGgvHg kGhrJg
cyxy fgjkGg ugG jfg;mku/
ADAmzsH =zKafgry eygefg bdJhzyg/
AD&dk =jtafgoKg/
Ak'<bmom =jkGgzKeGh zKemy ;kJa;uh/
Ak'<ouU&mZf =sfgJgskJ zKemy ;kJa;uh/
AkH;}uJav,Of =akathiKhnKh ;kJqyhjkfh
byglkK/
AkH;cdkusif; =kJgaHh ;kJugmu byglkK
vfh;kJ/
Adkvfuspdk;rdk;onf =bkJgey bkJgug/ bkJgsFh
AAAAA
80
bkJgzf/ omkuh[Hg bkJgey bkJgugjkfh/
AdkvfwJ =kyg;fgjkdfh ;kJugakath/
Akdvfavmif; =lrkGgjfg,Jg omkuha;dJhvHg/
Akdvfoifwefausmif; =a;dJhvHg jkGgidu
idfgkuh/
AsL&dkua&pD =[HgvHg jkGglt ;kJa;uh/
AsL&dku&uf =lrkGglkFbfg [HgvHg vfh;kJ/
AsL[m =jkGgjfg ryg,Jg zkK,kfh/
ajAmuftkd; =bygl;KglkK/
Akd@tm; -cyg;yg bygkGh/
Ak'<[l; -bkKidthpJh/
AkdvfpGJol -lrkGglkJ;t/
+Adwdo#toHvGifhXme -aHh;fh cyg;ygl;mkuhg
bfeuh/
ajAm -oKhnHbG ;kJl;kdf/
ajAmuftkd; -zJgbyglkK/
bkHaps; =a;GjGhzFh/
b0ypPnf; =jkGgug ifhrdfh jkGgakat(aF)/
b0 =jkGgug ifhrdfh/
bmomjyef =lkugoJgeGg/ lkugoJg'ku/
bkef;uH}uD;aom =emy[Hg jfgrdJhoHh/
bmompum; =;kfh'ku/ ;kfh'ku
jkGgkJeGg/
blrdaA' =kJgvHg skJxy cyxy/
b¿ma&; =rFhrfh vfhcdJ/ rFhrfh
jkGga;kKg/
bkH0g' =rkuG jGhzFh rdua;uh/
bk&ifcH =vmykuhvfh/
buf =eGadJh/ jfgadJh/ zy/(eGoJg.
zyoJg)/
b%fwdkuf =rFhvfh;kJug/ rFhkuh/ rFhkygkuh/
bdkifusonf =arfhafg[Gg/ arfhafg[yh/ rFh
arfhafg[Gg/
bkdifpudk@ =lrkGg,kug omkuhlrkGg/
bkd;ab;bDab =nkathnGhnkath/
bufpkH =eGadJh lkauh(lmkuh)zTtg/
zkdflkauhztg/
bmomb0 =ugomkuh [FgjGh/ omkuh[FgjGh/
jkGgomkuh [FgjGh fgjkGg ugifhrdfh/
bdodwfcHonf =vdfeJg a;kKgbfg zKndfg
vfh;kJ/ vdfodfg zKndfg vfh;kJ/
bk&m;w&m; =zKbfgrdfg jkGgzKjkJg/
blwm&kH =;kubygFh ;kJugakat kyg/
;kubyg Fhkyg/
bkd;ab; =nkathgnGh/
ab; =eGgcGh eGgsfg/ eGglkdfh eGcGh/
vfhcdJ/ rKha;Gh/ jkGgidJh jkGgbkJ
vfh;kJ/
ab;&ef =a;dJ'fh fgjkGg bkJeGglkdf
eGgcGh/
ab;t E W&m,f =eGglkdfh eGgcGh
zkdJhzFg/ jkGgeGgidJh eGgbkJ/
ab;&eftE W&m,f =a;dJ'fh fgjkGg bkJgeGg
lkdfh eGgcGh zkdJhzFg/ a;dJ'fh
fgjkGg bkJgeGgidJh eGgbkJ/
abmpOfcJbG,f =cGgJg uhqyg/
befwdkbef&Snftwwf =;fhnkatg ;fhoHh
fgjkGgzkdf/
bkwfwap> =kJgjfglrkfg/
bbbbb
81
bG,fbG,f&m&m =juhjuh eGgeGg/ ifhrdfh
ifh[Gg/
bGJ@ =jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg/
bGJ@wHqdyf =jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg jfhcy/
bGm;ueJay:onf =;kdth;yh odfgvdJ/
bkHAdrmef =kyg[Hg zfcGh/
bkHypPnf; =jkGgakat(aF) jGhzFh/
bkef;}uD;ol =lrkGgemy[Hg/
abmifbifcwfonf =kfkuh lkKgaHh/
abmif =a;Khjfgqkfg/
bef;pum; ='kuoJg;t/ 'kuoJglkGh/
abG =[dfgiGg/ vHgiF/ eJgiGg/
abG,lonf =ndJ[dfgiGg/ eJgvHgiF/
ndJeJgiGg/
bmom =;kfh'ku/ jkGgzKeGh/ jkGg,kFJg/
;ygvfhcdJ/
abmf =rFhiyiKh/
abmuaA' =JgcGhlrkyg jkGgrdfg
skyodfg cyxy/
b0ifjrifhonf =sJg[Hg skyskJ/ sJgodfg;th
skyskJ/
bma-umifh =bfgnHhjJh/ bfgjyhjkGg
vdJhjJh?/
bm*sm =ayaG fkxtbkug/
bmbJjzpfjzpf =nHhjJh eGgeGg/ bkJgnHhjJh
eGgeGg/
bmvDaph =efg;yg ekxtl;Kg/
bmvJ =bfgjJh/ bfgjyhjJh?/
bmomw&m; =jkGgzKeGh zKjkJg/
jkGgzKeGh ,kFJg/
bmom&yf =;kfhh'ku vfhcdJ/ ;yg;kGg
vfhcdJ/
bmomra&G; =jkGgzKeGh jygjJh eGgeGg/
bdvyfajr =;kKomy yhbFg/ kJvHg aHh;fh/
bdvyf&nf =odJha;dthcFh/ odJhaHh;fhg/
bdvd,uf =jkGgcFh;kHg ;fgqKh/
bdvd,ufpm;yGJ =jkGgcfh;kHg ;fgqKh
[yhrkG/
bdvd,ufxkd;wH =ygodf ;kJcFg;kH/g
bdodufyGJ =aHadf ndJodfg zKndfg
vfh;kJ/
bdpuGwf =eywfgamu aKbHh/
bD,m =odJhjfglrGg/
bD; =aKidJg/ ;kuefh/
bkusonf =juhcFgjug/ oJarkdfcFg/
bk&ifcHcsKyf =vmykuh vfha;kKg/
bk&if =zKndfg/
abuif;onf =;kJeGg lkdfhcGh ugjug/
;kJidJh ;kJbkJ ugjug/
ab;rSm =[t rKha;Gh/ [t vfhcdJ/
bJav;tu =jkGg;Jh lyhzktg jfgryh/
bufnDonf =juheGg cFg;Hh/ juhrfg[Fh
vdJh;Hh/
bufajymif;ol =lrkGoJglkGh/
lrkGglkflkGh/
bifc&m =jkGgfkxt jkGg[Kg/
abmif;bD&Snf =kdJgvdfgoHh/
b%fvkyfief; =rFhrfh jkGgbkJg/ rFh kygkuh
jkGgbkJg/
b%fwkd;ESKef; =rFhrfh vfhcdJ fgjkGg
nHodfg eGlmy/ rFhkygkuh fgjkGg
nHodfg eGlmy/
82
befuvkd =kyg[Hg cyhlrkJ ;kJugakat/
bwf(pf)um; =efw ;kuzG/
bwf(pf)uufabm =jkGgqyh cHgsdth ;fgqKh
nfjfgnug/
bkef;}uD; =zKemy/
bkef;}uD;ausmif; =zKemykuh/
b,f =eyjJh?/
b,fwkef;u =[t bfgvGhjJh?/ [t
eyjJhvGh?/
b,fawmhrS =jfgnkxtjug/ jfgvdfhjug/
b,fae&mrS =jfgnujug/ [t vfh;kJ
jfgnujug/
b,fbuf =[t zKzyg jfgadJh/
b,fudk =[tjJh?/
b,fu =[teyjJh?/
b,fvkd =nHjJh?/
b,frSmvJ =[t ugeyjJh?/ [t eyjJh
jfgnug?/ fgug eyjJh?/
b,folvJ =bfgHhlJh?/
b,folrqkd =HhlJh kJjug/ HhlJh eGgeGg/
b,foltm; =[t ;kJ sf HhlJh/ [t
;kJ[dJ sf HhlJh?/
b,fol. =bfg-HhlJh/ bfgHh lJhjGh?/
b,f[m =eyjJh jfgakatg kkGh?/ eyjJh
jfgkJg kkGh?/
b,f[mbJjzpfjppf =eyjJh jfgkJg eGgeGg/
b,ftcsdef =cdtvGh efjJh/ cdtvGh
eyhjJh?/
b,favmuf =efjJh?/
b,fawmh =eyhjJhvGh/ eyjJh fgvGh?/
b,fae&m =vfh;kJ eyhjJh?/
b,fudkrS =[t jfgnujug/ [t eyjJh
jfgnujug/
b,fvkdbJjzpfjzpf =omkuh nHhjJh eGgeGg/
bGJ@0wfpkH =jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg kdJgzkfg/
bGwfzeyf =vfgnf[Hg/ vfgnfeug/ vfgnf
cHgoKh/
bGJ@xl; =jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg oHh;t/
bmZlumvufeuf -cysdfg[Hg
;kJvGlrdt/
b&mZD,m -lrkGgbKg zkfgnH kKaHh/
b&dwf -;kJ,y ugakat/ ;kJlkF
ugakat/
bmompum; -;kfh'ku/
bmomw&m;udkrxDrJhjrifðyol -lrkGgbkJgjfg
vmu(vkau) jfgaGg jkGzKeGh
zKjkJg/
bmomjyefol -lrkGg lkugoJgeGg ;kfh'ku/
bmoma&;ppf -jkGgzKeGh jkGgcf/
bDvl; -nyh;H nyhnfh/ nyhif;kH/
bk&m;zl;orm; -lrkGg zdtbdflkHh
zKeGh/ lrkGg zdt;kJ zKeGh/
bk&m;&Sdckd;onf -zKeGh/
ab;rS=unfhol -lrkGg ugbdf [t fga;Kh/
bJief; -jfgif akdfheuhoHh/
abmvfyif -eK;lGgs ;ygeuh/
abmif'gaqmif -idu;yg kuhnH ;kJug
bdJh kygkuh[K/
bufawmfom; -vuhidu [t ugjfgadJh/
vuhidu [t vfhcdJ jfgadJh/
bufnDonf -juheGg rfg[Fh;Hh
bufx&D; -cyg;yg cyxyaKh/
83
b%ftyfaiG -rFh [dfgug rfhkyg kuhaHh/
bdef; -jfgrdJg;kKg/
bdef;jzL -jfgrdJg ;kKgeHh/
bGJ@ESif;obifcef;raqmif -kygkuh [K[HgaHh
;kJ[dJjkfh jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg/
arG;jrLa&;=jkGgekatgbdf/ jkGgekatgsky/
rsdK;cspf =bkug bdJhztg/ bkugsky bdJhztg/
rkdif =by;fg/ btTg/
rkwfokefav =akJ;fg iGimy/
rD;awmuf rD;v#H =bygakdfh bygl;kG/
rif;rJh0g' =vmyjkdt rdua;uh/
rsufrSef =bkfh[kxtgadf/ bygiGg
bkfh[kxtg/
rSefbDvl; =bkfh[kxtg ;kdth;kfh/
bkfh[kxtg ;kdth,kdJg/
bkfh[kxtg ;kdth[Hg/
òrd@pm; =lrkGglt Jgqkyh/
rS =[tey/
ajrmufbuf =eGodfg/ zyodfg/
ajru|efpepf =kJgzkF vfh;kJ juha;uh/
kJgzkF juha;ug/
ajruwkwf =kJgedfl;kHg/
ajr&Sif =kJgvHg edfgzGg/ kJgedfgzGg/
ajr,mjyefvnfa0jcrf;a&; =jkGgeJh juhvdJh
kJgvHg/ kJvHg fgjkGgeJh juhvdJh/
ajr,ma0jcrf;a&; =jkGgeJhjkfh kJgvHg/
kJgvHg fgjkGg eJhjkfh/
rdrd =skJ[Fg/ jGh[Fg/ sky[Fg/
rl =rJga;uh/
rlay:vpD =rJga;uh lKg;fgwyg/
rl0g'ay:vpD =rJga;uh rdua;uh lK;fgwyg/
rl0g' =rJga;uh rdua;uh/
rJ =iG/
rudkufnD =sdthaHh juheGgjug/ juheGjug/
rd&dk;zvm =rugrdfh/ ;kJa;uh/
remvkd =iJvmG/ iJvf/
remvkd0efwdkonf =iJvmG iJkfh/ iJvmG
iJ;uh/ iJvf iJ;uh/
ajrykH =kJgvHg,kug/
rk'def;usifhonf =bkJgldJ bkJgadfh
lrkGgbKg ifhbJh/ lkFcdug bkJgedJg/
rde@fcGef; ='kukJzky/ 'kukJjkJg/
rw&m; =iFl;f/ zKjkJgjug/ afgl;kdfg/
rw&m;ðyvkyfonf =bkJgiF bkJgl;f/
bkJgzK jkJgjug/ bkJgafg
bkJgl;kdfg/
jrL;wl;onf =ef[df cdJhnug/
ajriSg;c =kJgvdfhaGg/
rSwfwrf; =jkGgrJg jJhbf/ jkGgjJhbf
jkGgrJg/ jkGgrfhbf rfhjJh/
r[mrdwfzGJ@jcif; =jkGgcK l;Kodfg vuhidu/
jkGgbkJgvuh bkJgidu/
r[mvlrsdK;}uD;0g' =bdJhztg[Hg rdua;uh/
rmefeaxmifv$m;jcif; =jkGgjfgskJg[Hg
skyskJ/ jkGg[dfg[Hg skyskJ/
jkGgeJg[Hg ltskJ/
rufarmonf =iJ,kF iJ;kKh(iG,kF
iG;kKh)/
r,foDv =zKemybkxt/
arSmifarSmifrJrJ =vyjfgrkFg/
rrrrr
84
rnfr# =efjJh/
rSL;rwf =zKndfg lrkGg[dfg[Hg/
rSwfausmuf =;kKbf/ [dfgbf/
jJhbfa;kKg/
rmefygygajymonf =kJeGg odfg;th;th/
kJeGg fddf[Hg[Hg/ kJeGg kGh[Hg[Hg/
rm&fewfrif; =vyhsJ yg;ug yg;df fgvmy/
rGrf;rHonf =bkJgjkduh rdfidf/
bkJgrdf odfgidf/
ref;onf =kxthnmy/
rGefjrwfonf =zKjkduh ifhrdfh/
rGef;onf =iG[Fg/
rSefuefonf =juheGg/ fgjuh fgeG/
rSef;onf =;fhcfh/ ;fhbdf/ jfg,Jgbdf/
ar#mfrSef;onf =;fhcfh bdfcFg/ bdfcFgsJg/
rdwfaqG =vuhidu/
rSdef;onf =;fg'kKg zkdJhbkug/ ;fg'kKg
fddfbkug/
rlv =vfhcdJ vfhedfg/ vfhcdJ vfhrkdfg/
rw&m;ojzifh =zKjkJgjug vHgvdJh/ iFl;f
vHgvdJh/ afgl;kdfg vHgvdJh/
rkef;wD;onf =iJoJg iJkfh(iGoJg iGkfh)/
iJjfgvuh/
jrausmuf =;kKiJodJh ;fgidth/
r#wonf =rfg[Fh juheGg/ idfrfg[Fh/
ajrZmyif =bkygdHdf/
arGyg =odusJ/
_rJ_rHckdifce@fonf =a;kKgbfg jfgpfh/
arsmygoGm;onf =;ugzdtadfh/ ;ugomy
zdtadfh/ ;ugzdt akathadfh/
arhajrmonf =idJh'kFg/ iJpJh skJjug/
cuhjfglkfg/ idJhjfgl;kdf/
ar#mfvifhonf =bdfcFg/ bdfcFgsJg/
ajrmfjrifonf =jfgskJg bdfjuh/ jfgskJg
jfg,Jg/
rsufajcrjywf =bdfoF bdfkatg/
bdfkatg bdfjkuhsky/
bdfkFg bdfl;Jgsky/
jrifhjrwfonf =jkduhzK zfghcGh/
jrnf[def;onf =lrkfgjfgqK/ jfgqK jfgiuh/
r#if =;kdtg/
ar;jref;onf =cHg[dfh cHjkJg/
_rdefonf =qyg/ iuhruh iuhxf/ Jgqyg/
tðryf =eKeG/
ajrmufrsm;onf =GpfgzkK/ uG;fh/g
ajrmufpm;onf =[dfg[Hg odfgsky/
ajr‡mufudef; =l;KlrK jkuomGghbf/
ajrrsdKonf =kJgvHg zya;Hh/ kJgvHg cya;Hh/
òrdifqkdifonf =rkuG ifhrdfh/
arm[dkufonf =iGlrf ;fg[df/ iGlrf
;fg[fh/
rsdK;qufopf =lrkGg;kHgbdJh oFhiGh/
bdJhoFhiGh/
ajrmufyifhonf =oHgiG jfgcdfg odfgsky/
rwfapmifhonf =jfgpf yglth/
r+ =fgbH/ fgvHg fgvdJh/ fgvHgvdJh/
r+cif; =fgbH fgrfg/ jkGgomkuhodfg fgvHg
fgvdJh vfh;kJ/
rkd;&moD =akJzkFgvGh/ sfgoJg akJzkFgvGh/
rkd;Owk =akJzkFgvGh/ ;GhiGg akJzkFgvGh/
rif;rSm*wdvlrSmopPm =vmybfg ugsf
jkGgth;kdfg lrkGg;kHgbfg ugsf
85
jkGgvdfzK/
raumif;qkd;0g; =vyhsJ vyhsKh eHhbkdf
rygzkdf/
ra-ueyfcsuf =rygiG jugl;y/
a-ueyf_yD =rygiGkK/ rygiG cfgodthkK/
r-umc% =jfgbuh jfgbuh/ jfgnkat
jdthjug/
r-umrSD =pJhjdfgjug/ jdfgjug/
r*%ef; =jtg[mf/ [mfbf jkfhlfg[fg/
r_idrfrouf =fgidtg fgarJhjug/ cHcyh
cHcfug/
rqmvm =Jgimy skxtgbFbFg/
rw&m;r+ =jkGgzK jkJgjug/ jkGgafg
jkGglkdfg/ jkGgiFl;f/
rwdkifrSD =eyh jkdthkyjug/ eyh cdtvGh
eGgkyjug/ eyh cdtvGh jkdthkyjug/
rxDav;pm;vkyfonf =bkJgeJg,kF
eJgpkfjug/
ryDuvmyDuvmajymonf =kJeGg afg[f
afg[uh/ kJeGg jfgoK jfgoFg/
r&Jw&Jvkyfonf =bkJgeFg bkJgeFgjug/
bkJgzktjug/ bkJgeFg zktjug/
ra&mifh&JEdkifjcif; =jkGgiJ,kF iJ;kKh
lKgeG lkJjug (iG,kF iG;kKh
lKgeG lkJjug)/ jkGgrygiG eGjug/
r&yfrem; =ugakath lfhjug/ bkJgzyhzFh
l;Jgkdfh/ zFhzFh bkJgsky/
r[mAsKK[m =jkGgjfg ryg,Jg zkK,kfh[Hg/
r[mrif;}uD; =lrkGglt jfgry vmy[Hg/
r[m0dZ…m =jfgskJg iynG jkuvHg;t/
r[modyH =cyg;ygiG iynG jkuvHg;t/
rmwdum =;yg,kHh;kdth/
rme}uD;onf =sJgodfg;th [HgskyskJ/
rme =jkGgsJg odfg;thskJ/
rm&oGefajy;yGJ =a;dfg,kdJgl;F aHadf/
rdcifbmompum; =bkxt;kfh'ku/
rdzk&m; =zKndfg fgbJh/ zKndfgbkxt/
rdom;pk =kygndfhnH/ kygnH ndfhnH/
rD;awmif =cugbyglkK/
rD;eDjyonf =[tg;kdth byg;kyg/
rD;pdrf;jyonf =[tg;kdth bygidth/
rD;jywkduf =byg;yh ;kdth,kdJg vfh;kJ
odfg;th/
rkqkd; =lrkGg;kFgJg jkGgbkyg/
rkom; ='ku;fgkuh/
rl-urf; =fgrK ;kdthrkJ/ rJga;uh
lrdJhlfh/
rl-urf;a&;qGJonf =rfhzmyg fgrK ;kdthrkJ/
rfhzmyg rJga;uh lrdJhlfh/
rl&if;ykHpH =jkGg[Gh;kdfg ugsJg fg,kug
vfhcdJ/ skJrK vfhcdJ/
rlvwef;ausmif;=idu;ygkuh fgjku
vfhcdJ/
rl;,pfaq;0g; =jkGgvHg bkFglrdf/
arxkefrJhom;pyfenf; =bkJgomkuha;mkyh sf
fgnGh a;uhjug/
ar;cdkifa&m*g =vGgcKh jkGgcmy/
ar; =vGg/ cHg[dfh/
ar;cGef;xkwfonf =lkugoJg 'kucHg[dfh/
rJqG,fonf =oKzmyg [t iG fgpJh/
rJay;onf =[dJ iG/
rJqENe,f =iGbth/
86
armfuGef; =jkGgrfhjJh jkGg[df
adfha;kKg/
armfuGef;xdrf;Xme =jkGg[duiG sky
jkGgrfhjJh jkGg[df adfha;kKg
bfeuh/
rkd;av0oXme -;kJ;fhcfh akJzkFg
akJ;fgiG fgkGh bfeuh/
rkd;oD;usonf -jfgarFg iGgzdJ/
rkduf*&dkpukwf -bkfh[kxtg bkJgoJg[Hg/
rk'fOD; -euhzyg aHhoFh/
r*~Zif; =jkGgryg ;yg;kGg/
rifpkwfpuUL -zJgzmy ;ygodJh/
rif;quf -zKndfg fgoFh afg;kdfg/
rif;wkwf -euhjkK(;kJjkKbfg afg[fh)/
rif;ajrmufwmqef -jfgakatg jfgrdJh
;kJeJodfg sf zKndfg/
armif;jyefaoewf -cyhsdfg oJgzFh/
rdwWL -;ygefg lku;Hh/ ;ygefg zyhzFh/
rdwWLul;puf -zG zmygzFhoJ ;ygefg/
arwWm&yfcHonf -vdfiJ,kF amkyhiJ
,kKgodfg/ amkyhvdf
iG(iJ),kKgodfg/
refae*sm -lrkGg ltjfgryg [HgvHg/
rmef -kGhodfg;th/
rde@fqkdcsuf -'kuzy kJoJgl;y/
rke@fºuGyf -aKbHharH/
rkef;wD;&GH@&Smonf -iJoJg iJ,kK/ iJkfh
iJ,kK/
rsdK;aph -jkGga;mkyh jkGg;myl;Kg/
rsdK;quf -oFhyhzFh/ a;mkyhzFhjkfh/
rsdK;&dk;vdkufonf -;kFga;mkyh ;kFg;dfh/
;kdfgbkxt ;kdfgnGh/
rsufa=um -bygiGgomkug/ bygiGgbkfh/
bygiGgjkug/
rsufuG,fwGifpD&ifonf -zygrkdfgjkfh [t
bygiGg jfg[duh/
rsufESmpkHnDtpnf;ta0; -uglkauh ug[duh
jkGgugaH/
rsufESmxm;wif;rmonf -bygiGg;kyg/ eJg
bygiGg lrdJhcKh/
rsufESmomay;onf -bdf bygiGg/ bdf[Hg
bygiGg/
rsufESmajymifwdkufonf -bkJg;kf bkJg;yh/
kJ;kf kJ;yh/
rsufarSmifukwfonf -zkdJjfg,my
bkfhakath/ zkdJjkfhlkyh
bkfhakath/
rsufarSmuf -vuhpkf/
rsufvSnfhq&m -jkGgjfgryg [tg;kdthvu
ifrf/ jkGgjfgry bygiGg ifrf/
rsOf;a=umif; -euhzK/ ;ygzmygeuh/
rsOf;usm;vrf; -euhadJga;df/
a;dfeuhadJg/
rsOf;òydif -euhzK [yhzGh/
rsOf;rwf -euhzK afgoKg/
jr -;kKiJ odJh;fgidth/
ajrjzL =kJgomyeHh/
ajr-oZm =jkGgkGh rygkJg/ jkGvHg rygkJg/
kJgvHg rygkGh/
"gwfajr=oZm -cyxy rygkJg/
òrd@awmfcef;r =qkyhvHg jkGugaH [KaHh[Hg/
ajrmuf0if&dk;pGef; =kJg[yheuh oFh;t [t
87
zyodfg/
jrif;aumifa&tm; =jfgiy[dth kGhrJg/
jrpf0 =odJh ;kJomyoJg aHhoFh/
jrpf0u|ef;ay:a'o =odJh ;kJomyoJg
aHhoFh a;Fjfglrf/ a;FkJgiuh
jfglrf/
jrpf0Srf; =odJha;uh jkKga;uh/
jrnf; =jfgiy jfglkK(a;mkyh)/
arG@&m =kathnFg/
arG;zGm;onf =ugoJg/ nHugoJg/
arG;&myg Om%f =jfgskJg jfgrdJh [t
ugoJgsky/
arG;&mygtcGifhta&; =fgvmf fgdfg [t
ugoJgsky/
rSDckdol =lrkGgkFgug/ lrkGgkFg ugakath/
rSDcdkonf =kFgugakath/
arSmftwwfynm =jkGgbkJg a;Hgvu iynG/
arSmufonf =jfga;kxth/ eGjfga;kxth/
arSmifckdaps; =a;GcGhkatg/
arSmifckdypPnf; =jkGgakat cGhkatg/
rSwfcsuf =rfhbfl;y/
rSwfpk =jkGgrfh bfl;K/
rSwfwrf;ðypkonf =jfgryg rfhbfl;K jkGgrJg
jJhbf/
rSwfOm%f =jfgskJg jfgrdJh fgjkGg
jkuhsky/ jfgskJg jfgrdJh/
rSwfwrf;Xme =jkGgrJhg jJhbf bfeuh/ rfhbf
jkGgrJg bfeuh/
rSwfykHwifonf =rfha;kKgl;K/
rSwfykHwif&kH; =rfha;kKg l;K;H(,uh)/
rSefajymif; =bkfh[kxtg a;Heuhh
;kJbdf,kdJg/
rSeftdrfrD; =bygaKh bkfh[kxtg/
arwWm =jkGgiJ,kF bkugsky/
arwWm*&k%m =jkGgiJ,kKg a;fgeGg
iJ,kF bkugsky/
òrd@jy =vkauqkyh/
rSwfom;onf -bkJgbf/ rfhbf/ jJhbf/
rSwfxm; -bkJgbf ;kJjkuhsky/
jkuhskybf/
tr_rJhtrSwfrJh -jfglkfg afgKh/ ugjfglkfg
afgKh/ iJskJ jkdthjug/
r=um;w=um; -skykath zkthjug/ skykath
jfgayg jugjfgayg/
rwwfEdkif -bkJgeGjug/
rae@u -lfhkJsHg/
r,m;ygom;orD; -bJhnHrJ/ nHhrJ jfgkK/
r&D; -vyh(lrkGgvHh sf lrkGgbKg)/
afgsfh(lrkGgbKg)/ sfgh (lrkGgvHh)/
r&dk;om;r_ -jkGgzK zFjug/
ra&mifh&JEdkif -iJ,kF lKgeG lkJjug/ rygiG
lKgeGjug/
rvGJa&SmifEdkifjcif; -jkGgrkKg jfgnfh eGug/
jkGg[kxtg[du eGjug/
raocsmaom -[t ;kJjkfh jkJgjug/
rdbrJhuav; -lfgzkG ugardfnH/ lfgzkG
cuh[uh bkxtnGh/
rD;cHaowWm -jtvdfh byg/
rDyl -byglkKg oFidJg/
rD;ykH;ysH -bygvkatg jfgnug aKhg,dtg/
rD;&xm; -;kuhbygFh/
rD;,yfa&m*g -lrkGgbKg jkGcmy/
88
rD;oò* õvfonf -ygcF ;kxth sf byg/
rD;owfwyfzGJ@ -a;dJh bkJglkyh byg/
rkqkd;r -lrkGgbKg ugardf/
rlydkif -jkGgjGh sky[Fg/
rl&if; -rJga;uh vfhcdJ/
rlvD -;yglfgsfg jfgrkyh/
rl;rkdufoGm;onf -bkFgvy jfgjkfg/
ar;aph -vGg/
arhaq; -jkGgvHg bkFgjfglkfg/
arhavsmhonf -cuhjfglkfg/
rJjym; -iGefg/
rkd;csKef;onf -bKarKh/
rkd;ysHwdkuf -kygueFg odfg;th/
rkd;ysHvrf; -a;df[Hg odfg;th/
rufvkH; -jkGg;kJ iJ;kKh/ jkGgbkJg
iJ,kF/ jkGg[tg;kdth iJ,kF/
armufrmonf -zkdJlt skJ/
rdkufrJr_ -jkGgkfh ldJedJg/
rkduf&l;&J -kfhjfgbmyh iGhrkGg/
rifa=umif -jkGgcf adJgskJ/
r*vFmaqmifonf -vuhbkG vuhbkfg/
rifpkwfpuUL -zJgzmy ;ygodJh/
rif;rsdK;rif;EG,f -vmyzK ndfga;mkyh/
armif;cs"g; -[ygouf Jga;Fg vHg;kdtg/
armif;wifonf -fodfg cysdfg/ iKodfg
cysdfg/ qKodfg a;dJg/
armif;ESifonf -qJ;kHgzdt/ qJadfh/
armif;rrdwfom -lrkGgbKg uglkKsky
zKndfg/
rnf;arSmifonf -vyjfgrkFg/
rwfcGuf -eJhjfgjkdJg/
rdwfqufonf -l;mkuhoFh vuhidu/
bkJgeKidu vGvuh/ lkugeKidu sf
skJ/
rdwfuyf -jkGg;kJ l;kKjkduh/
arsmufO -ardtg/
rkwfaumif -jfgbdJ [yhzku[Hg/
rkwfokef&moD -sfgoJg ;fgiG imyvGh/
arwWmvufrSwf -;ygbfjJh [dJbkug/
rde@fcGef;ajymonf -[dJjkfh 'kukJzky/
rdef;armonf -bdfbkug cuhjfglkfg/
rdef;rvsm -lrkGgvHh lrkGgbKg/
rkefwkdif; -akJ;fgiG ;fg;dfh[Hg/
rkefvmO -jfgl;GgjdJ/
rke@f[if;cg; -Jgimy [yhjtvGg/
r,f'vif -jygnH jfgl;dJh/
rsufESmjyif -bygiGg lkJhvHg/ jkGgefg
lkJhvHg/
rsufESmokwfy0g -eGgHh oF bygiGg/
rsufaphapGonf -bygiGg cdJhjkug/
bygiGgl;Kg jfgzfh/
jrm;ewfarmif -jfgsJnH vGl;kG/
ajr!Sdpuf -zG oflkJh kJg/
ajrwkdif; -jkGgjJh zdtbdf kJg/ jkGgjJh
kJg/
ajr,mawmfvSefa&; -kJgvHh vfh;kJ jkGglt
odfgjuh/
ajr,mðyjyifajymfif;vJa&; -jkGgbkJg
rdfodfg jfgl;Jg kJgvHg vfh;kJ/
jruf&dwfpuf -zG aGidJg bkygiGg/
jrifuGif; -;kJbdf odJg,kdJg jfgqkfg/
jrif;apmif; -jfgiylkug/
89
jrif;yGJ -jfgiy a;dfg[yhzGh aHadf/
ajrmif;i,f -fga;uhnH/
jrpfqkH -odJha;uh cfcFg/
jrnfwGefawmufwD;onf -jfgbmkuh jfg;Gh/
iJlrkuh iJ;yg/
jrnf;=unfhonf -Jgbdf/ uhbdf/
arG;&myg -jkGgug oJgsky/
arG;zGm;E_ef; -jkGgugoJg eGlmy/ nHugoJg
eGlmy/ nHugoJg ,kGglmy/
rSwyg; -jF jfgakatgjdth/ jFsdtgjdth/
jFdJhjdth/
rSDp&m -;kJjfgjJg/
rSJ@ -bf/
rd_ -ardFg/
rSifpm -kJgvyhsJ nHbG/
rd_if; -lkdfh;dJ/
rSnfh+yD -byhkK/
ar#mh -,kfg/
ajr‡mufypfonf -qyhodfgbK/
r#pf -Jgedfg/
r$efxlonf -cHcf cyhqkdfh iGl;Kg/
ðryfESHonf -Jgl;Fh eyjkfh/ Jgl;Fh jkfhey/
Jgl;Fhjkfh rFhrfh/
ar$;óudifonf -skxtgbF skxtgcFh/
ar$;xkHonf -skxtgbkdfh qyg/
,kH-unfcsuf =,kFJgl;y/
,kH-unftm;udk;onf =,kFJg iG;kGgsky/
,Ofaus;r+ =jkGgzkGh[Gg ifhrdfh/
,lqonf =sJg,Jg/ jfgskJg,Jg/ jfgskJg
jkfhcf/
,lqcsuf =sJg,Jgl;y/ jfgskJg ,Jgl;y/
jfgskJg jkfhcfl;y/
,pfrsdK; =jkGga;mkyh bkFglrdf/
,ckacwfjyefvnfjyifqifa&;0g' =oFhvuhpkf
jkGgbkJgrdf odfgvdJhidf
rdua;uh/
,m;,Honf =afgiKh afgiG/
a,mif,rf;onf =vdJ,F jkfhjkdf/
jkfhjKh jkfhjkdf/
,ufonf =afqGh/ eK/ Jg;dJg/ Jgofh/ eKoG/
a,muf,ufcwfonf =cfaKh cfaGg/ cyqyh
cyqkdf/
,Ofaus;onf =zkG[Gg ifhrdfh/ zkG[Gg
pkfg/ zkGpkfg/
,mOf =;kuh;kJ cyg[df/
,if; =Ggiyh/ nH/ Gg/
,if;pum;twdkif; =nH Gg'ku sdtg/
,if;onf =byhlrkGh/ fgbyh oJglrkGh/
,Gif;onf =ldJadfh/
,kd,Gif;onf =ldJjkfhadfh/ ldJjkfh
afg;kdfg/
,Sufonf =[KidJg/ [KidJg bfg;Hh/
,SOfonf =ugrfg[Fh/ jJhrfg[Fh/ jJharHhpkfg/
[dfomy/
,SOf-unfhonf =jJhrfg [Fhbdf/ jJharHh
pkfgbdf/
,SOfwGJaexkdifonf =ugrfg[Fh lkJh[duh
rku;H
,ZfylaZmfonf =zKeGh jdfhodfg/
,,,,,
90
jdfhodfg/
,yfawmif =;kJkF lfg;mkyh/
,Ofonf =pkfg/ pkfgzkG ifhrdfh/
jkduhpkfg ifhrdfh/ pkfglG ;fgG/
,OfatmifqkH;ronf =kJidu kJidfg
pkfzkGgsky/
,drf;,kdifonf =mu/ muouh mu;kdfg/
uga;kKgjug/
,kdif;yif;ulnDonf =jfgomku bkJgzkdu/
,kdpD;onf =jkfhbGh omyhjkfh/
,kdusonf =jkfhbGhjkfh/
,kH-unfpdwfcsonf =,kFJg juhiG l;Kgsky/
iGl;Kg ,kFJgsky/ ,kFJg
iG(iJ);kGgsky/
,kH-unfav;pm;onf =,kFJg pkfJgsky/
,kFJg eJgpkfsky/
,k,k,, =nFhidJg nFh;dfhsky/ bkJgbkug
bkJgrdfsky/
,m,D =jfgl;tg jfgl;df/
,m,Dðyvkyfonf =bkJuggakat jfgl;tg
jfgl;df/
,mawm =vHga;Gh/
,k,onf =bkJgbkug nFhidJgsky/
,lonf =ndJ/
,SOfòydifonf =[yhzGh;Hh/
a,mif;r =vyh/ afgsfh/
,lZem =jkGgfg,kdJg/
a,bk,senf; =jfg,JgrJg fga;uh/
a,bk,stm;jzifh =nHh jfg,JgrJg sdtg/ nHh
jfg,JgrJg fga;uhsdtg/
,rf; =dfgiH/
,rf;"gwf =dfgiH cyxy/
,rf;"gwfaiG@ =dfgiH cyxyimy/
,Gef;vlrsdKK; =,mygbdJhztg/
,ifaumif =nKh/
,drf;EGJ@onf =akGouh akG;kdfg/
akGodfg akG;kdfg/
,kwfonf =kfhrygzkdf/ eHhbkdf
rygzkdf/
a,mifaqmifonf =a;mugomkuhskJ/
a;HgomkuhskJ/ fddfskJ/
a;HgskJ/ a;mugskJ/
a,mifayayaeonf =uga;Hgouh a;Hg;kdfg/
,kdifonf =rHrkdth/ rHrkdth jfgzfh/
,kd =iwKgiGg odJhvdf/
,kd;onf =akGg/ [df/ ,kGh(akGgsJ/
[dfsJ ,kGhJgkatg)/
,kef =[fhiGg/
,cktcsdeftxd =jkdth eyh cdtvGh
vuhpkf/
,m,Dtvkyform; =lrkGgbkJg jkGnH
jfgl;tg jfgl;df/
,leDazgif; =kdJgzkfg [duhidf;Hh/
kdJgzkfg fg;fg idf;Hh/
kdJgzkfg [duhidf/
a,m*D =zKemy bkyga;Gh/
,kdxGufonf =jkfhbGoJg/ jkfhbGh omyoJg/
,ufr =iwKg[dfg/ jfgzkKg/
,ufuef; =oG/ oGeK/ oGarFg oGarKh/
a,mufsm;yDoonf =lrkGgvHh lrkGnGh/
lrkGgvHh ifhrdfh/
,Zfyv†if =vfhjdfh/ jfgrkG ;kJjdfh/
91
,Ofaus;ysLiSmr+ =jkGgzkG[Gg kJbkugcFg/
jkGgzkG[Gg nKgnFhcFg/
,Ofyg;onf =pkfglG/ pkfglG ;fgG/
,kwWd&Sdonf =idf;fgaf ;fgauhpfg/
,kwfrmyufpufonf =kfhrygzkdf
zkdJhzkFg/
,kwfrm&dkif;pdkif;onf=kfhrygzkdf vfhaGg/
,kwfrmonf =kfhrygzkdf/ afgl;kdfg
rygzkdf/
,kwfavsmonf =jkfhjkfh,dug/
jkfhadfh,dug/ jkfh,dugadfh/
,rf;axmifh =cyhsdfgl;Kg/ cyhsdfg
l;KaKh/
,kH-unftyfESHonf =,kFJg rK [dJugsky/
,kH&cufonf =;kJ,kF Jglkdf/
,yum -odJha;dthcFh/
,laqmifonf -ndJzdtsky/
a,muQr -lrkG/
,Ofyg;onf -lGpkfg ;fgG/
,rf;pdrf; -l;Gyg dfgiH/
&kd;&dk;ukefxkwfvkyfr+ =jkGgbkJgoJg
jkGgakat(aF) zKzF/
&kyf0g'=skJa;kK rdua;uh/
a&avSmifuef =odJhvKg[Hg/ vKgug odJhKg/
odJhvKg Kg[Hg/
&Jabmf =vHgnGhkfh/ a;dJhnH/
a&'D,kd =cyg;ygl;kduh(l;mkuh)/
&Jwdkuf =kyg[Hg ;fgjkdfh/
¶+cif; =vfh;kJ bdfjkduh/
&kyf&Sif =lrkGg,kug omkuhlrkGg/ jkGg,kug
akHakf/
&kyfjrifoH-um; =bdfodJg skykath cyg;yg
l;kduh(l;mkuh)/
&mcdkifESKef; =lmyeG,kGg/ ,kGglmy/
¶lyaA' =bkKeuh cyxy/
&kuQaA' =skJa;kK cyxy/ jkGgbkKeuh
cyxy/
&Srf;tu =;JhlrkJ/ lrkJjkGg;Jh/
&mpk =,kGgl;K/
&mZ0wfjypfr+ =jkGgiF lrkdJhcKh/
a&mif;aps; =JgcGh 'kug('kHg)lrkyg/
&mxl; =vfh;kJ [dfg[Hg/
&nfrSef;csuf =sJg,Jg ;fhcfh bdfcFgl;y/
&nf&G,fcsuf =jfgskJg ,Jgl;y/ jfgskJg
,JgsJgl;y/
a&mifjyef[ =;yhcfvdJh/
&kyfao; =lrkGg,kug lfgjy/
&nf&G,fonf =jfgskJg,Jg/
&kyfodrf;onf =zmyg[duadfh/ oK[duadfh/
[dfg[duadfh/
&yfuGuf =[KhaFh/ [Khlrf/
a&;qGJcsrSwfonf =rfhoJg [dfgjkfh/
&kef;uefonf =oKkGh oKrJg/ dfzF
zmygoKbkJg/
&yfwnfvkdonf =iJug afgoKg cKa;kKg/
iJuga;kKg cKbfg/
&ufpufonf =bkJgzkdJh bkJgzkFg/
&JpGrf;owWd =vFhkfh lrkGgnGh/ vFhkfh
jfgrdJh/
&&&&&
92
a&mifjcnf =jkGgcf;yh jfgvGh/
&dkif;onf =vfhaGg/ kfhkJh/
&dkif;pdkif;pGmqufqHjcif; =jkGgcyjtg eKidu
sf vfhaGg/
&dk;&m"avhxkH;pH =;kJa;uh rugrdfh/
odJh;kJ akJeuh rugrdfh/
;kJkdfg rugrdfh/
a&SmifusOfonf =ugjfgnfh/ rkKgjfgnfh/
[kxtgbkJg/ rkKgrdJhbkJg/ [kxtgJg/
&JpGrf;owWd&Sdjcif; =jkGgug sf vFhkfh lrkGgnGh/
jkGgug sf vFhkfh jfgrdJh/
a&;qGJjyifqifjznfhpGuf =rfhoJg bkJgrdfvdJh
eJgsdthefh/
&ef =at/ eGgbkJglkfh/ a;dJ'fh/
&efol =a;dJ'fh/
&H =ugjfgqkfg/ eJgugsJg/ eJgamkugsJg/
&rf;um;onf =cHcf bkJgldJ/
&ufa&monf =iJ[dJedJg/
&kwfw&uf =omkuhodfgvdJ/ ugodfgvdJ/
ug;kdthvdJ/ vdJ/
aqmif&Gufonf =qy,fodfg/
&J&ifhonf =vFhkfh/
&Sufa-umufonf =cJcJh jfgrkGh/ jfgrkGh
cJcJh/ iJcJh jfgrkGh/
&Sifbk&if =vmyzKndfg/
&Sifocif =edfgzGg/
&Sdcdk;ylaZmfonf =zKeGh jdfhodfg/
&Sif;vif;onf =kJ;kfh;yh iJpJh/ [tgpfh
;kdth;yh/
&yf&Gm =[Khjfglrf/
&yfqdkif;onf =eJgugakat/ ugakat/
a&&GwfqJqkdonf =jfgbmkuh ygcKh/ jfgbmkuh
jfg;Gh/
&Sm;yg; =fgakdfg/
&,fp&m =jkGg;kJiJ pkJhardth/ jkGg
;kJ iJpkJh/ jkGg;kJ pkJhardth/
&dwfodrf;onf =aG[du/
&dyfa&mif =,kugkxtg;kdth/
&kyfxk =lrkGg,kuga;kK/
a&mifjcnfawmf =jkGg;yh zfhcGh/
a&mifh&Jwif;wdrfonf =iJ;kKh efhlkKg/
&dkif;pkdif;onf =vfhaGg rygzkdf/ kfhvfhaGg/
&dk;om;ajzmifhrwfonf =zKjkJg zKzF/
&kH; =,uh/ ;H/ af/
a&maESmonf =cyh[df/ ugcyh[df/
a&m,Sufonf =cyh[df sdthl;Gg/
a&m0ifonf =eKidu sdthaHh/
&nf;pm; =vuhlrkGgbKg/ vuhlrkGgvHh/
&lyg&kH =jkGgzfhcGh bdfodJg/
jkGgbdfodJg zfhcGh/
&l;oGyfonf =jfgbmkyg iGhrkGg/
&Jrufppfonf =a;dJhnH a;uhnH/
a&mifh&Jonf =iJ,kKg iJ[dJ/
&J&JeDonf =;kygafgimy/
&ifhonf =fglrkGkK/ iGglrkGkK/
&if;jrpf =vfhcdJ vfhrkdfg/ fgrmyomug
vfhcdJ/
a&mif;&if; =vuhsdthaHh/
&Sif;&Sif;aeonf =ugjfgnfh [FgjGh/ ug[FgjGh/
&pfywfonf =ygeyh jfgqkfg/
&Gwf =fgomug fglkdfg/
&Gyf&GyfcH|cH| =vFhvFh kfhkfh/ cdugcdug cKhcKh/
93
&Gwfqkdonf =kJlrkfgarkduh/ kJoJglrkfg/
ktlrkfgoJg/ arduhkJ efeFh/
&SyfoGm;onf =eGgjfglkGh/ eGgof/
&GH@onf =jfgrkdtg/ iJcJh/ bkJgeFgjug/
&$H@tkdif =lfgf odJhKg/
¶+yf,Sufcwfonf =cHcf cfaGg/ cHcf
[yh[dfh/ cHcf cyqdfh/
¶+yfcsajymqkdonf =kJlfg zkdJjkfh/
lfgzkdJ ygcdJjkfh/
¶+yfaxG;onf =jfgnkatg cHcf/ jfgnkatg
cfaGg/ jfgnkatg cyqkdfh/ jfgnKh
jfgnkatg/
aygufa&mufonf =jkdtheGlkauh/
[dfodfg/
a&mifqif; =fg;fg fgztg/
&kdaoonf =,kFpkf/
&dkaoav;pm;onf =eJg[Hg ,kFpkf/
&dkaoudkif;¶d+if;onf ='kKg;kdfg ,kFpkf/
v#dKajrmif =cugl;Gg jkKgrkfh/ cugl;Gg
jkKga;uh/
&moDOwk =sfgoJg ;GhiGg/ jfg;kdJgiG/
a&Smifz,fonf =ugjfgnfh/ rkKgjfgnfh/
a&Smifwwfonf =rkKgjfg nfhzkdf/ 'kKhjfg
nfhzkdf/
a&Smifjrefonf =rkKgjfg nfhlrdfh/
&wem =jkGg'kug[Hg lrkyg[Hg/ jkGgcG
jkGglrdJh/
&xm;wGJ =;kuhbyg FhrkG/
&xm;vrf; =;kuhbyg Fha;df/ a;df
jkKoGeuh/
&,lydkifcGifh =;kJjuh skyeGg fgvmf fgdfg/
fgvmf fgdfg [t ;kJjuh skyeGg/
&v'f =jkGg;kJsky/ jkGg;kJ omkuhemy/
[mfbf vdJhjuh/ omGhbf oJgjuh/
&[wfav,mOf =akathiKhnKh rfgkGg/
&[ef; =zKemy zKjkJg/
&mZyv†if =zKndfg ;kJugpfh/ zKndfg
vHga;df/
&mZ0if =sHgvGh jkGg[dfadfh/
&mZ0wfaumif =lrkGgiF lrkdJhcKh/
&l;a-umifa-umifjzpfonf =jfgbmyh rfgrJg/
jfgbmyh jfglkfgrJg/
a&umwm =odJhvKg[Hg/
a&tm;v#yfppf =odJhkGh cyg;yg/ odJhrfgkGg
cyg;yg/
a&cJaowWm =odJhvdfjt/
a&ikwfpuf =zG;kJ ;kdfg'FhodJh/
a&ppfydwf =eGgHh lrkdJhodJh/
a&pnf =odJhiuh/ odJhiuh lyglfg/
a&wavsmuf =odJhl;yg/ odJha;u/
a&wGufonf =[df/ [dfbfbdf/ [dfeGg/
a&'g =zG ;kJlkF jfgl;kKg;kdth/
a&eH =sfgbygodJh/
a&Ekwfajrmif; =odJha;uh zmygadfh/
a&ykduf =odJheuh/
a&ydkufacgif; =odJheuh vHga;K ;kJqkyh/
odJheuh vHgiGg/
a&jrif; =odfodJh/
a&&Snfppf =jkGgcf zmygoHh/
a&vuf-um; =lfh;Gh odJhjfgzkdJh/ lfg;Gh
odJhyg/ lfh;Gh zFhzkfg/
&J =a;dJh uglkK qkyh/ a;dJhlkKqkyh/
94
&Jpcef; =a;dJhlkKqkyh xf/
a&m*gvuQ%m =jkGgcmy bf;kdth/
a&mpyfonf =a;kdthcyh[df/ ,Fgcyh[df/
a&m¹yGrf;onf =ugcyh [dfjkt/
a&monf =cyh[df/
a&mfbm =iwKgoKzdfh/ iwKgzdfh,du/
&ufcsdef;ayonf =[dJ bkKpJh thcFg/
&ufpGJ =bkKpJh/
&ufxyfESpf =bkKpJh jkfhcFg fgsfg/ bkKpJh
jfglrK fgsfg/
&duQm =cGgJg cGguh/
a&muf&Sdonf =kdfhugjkdth/
&dkuful;onf =bkFhzmygsdth/
&ifqkdifonf =juh[GhcFg/ jkfhcFg juh[Gh/
&if;ESD;u|rf;0ifonf =iJpJh nFg;Hh/
&dkif;jyonf =vfhaGg;kdth/
&nfpl;onf =jfgskJg ugsJgsky/ iJskJodfg
[t HhpJh/ jfgskJg jfgryg [t ;kJiJ
skJodfg/
&nf!Gef;onf =,kHh;kdth vdJhsky/ lkug
oJg vdJhsky/ ,kHh;kdthsky
vdJhidf/
&efykHaiG =rFh ugsJg/ rFh eJgugsJg/ rFhcyg[Kh/
rFh eJgakaug/
&efvkdonf =iJa;dJ iJkfh/ iJa;dJ
iJ'fh/
&ef&Smonf =bdflkHha;dJ/ bdflkHh'fh/
&efapmifonf =zuhaGgcFg vdJh;Hh/ jfgvfh
cFgvdJ;Hh/ jfgryg a;dJ'fh ;Hh/
&kyfqkd;onf =eHhbkdf/ bHhbkdf/ skJ
eHhbkdf/
&kyfykH =lrkGg,kug/ skJ,kug/
&kyfzsufonf =jfgryg vuskJ/ jfgryg
ldJskJ/
&kyf&nf =skJa;kK nf,dJg/
&rRuf =iJ,kF[Hg/ iJ,kFG/
&kH;vkvif =;Hg;J ;kJsKh [t ;HaHh/
&kH;okH;bmompum; =;H(,uh) ;kJsKh Jgsky
;yg;kGg vfhhcdJ/ ;H ;kJsKhJgsky
;kfh'ku vfhcdJ/
&,farmonf =pkJhlrkfgbkug/
a&Gay: =ifg/(oFidJg sf ifg)/
a&Gay:xkd;onf =oFhifg/
a&G@ajymif;onf =iKiF zdtvu/ iKiFzdt
ugjfgl;Jg/
a&G@vsm;onf =iKiFzdt/
a&G@onf =iKiF/
a&G;aumufyGJ =aHadf Jgokxtg smuodfg/
a&G;cs,fonf =bdflkHh smundJodfg/
a&G;,lonf =bdfsmundJ/ smundJ/
&GufoabFm =odJhiKh nKhakath/
&G,fonf =,Jg/ ,JbFh/ ,Jgl;kdf/
&SmazGawG@&Sdonf =bdflkHh bdfodJg/
&Sdoifhonf =juheGgug/
a&S@aqmifvrf;jyonf =,kHh;kdth a;df
[tpJh/
a&S@qifh aemufqifh =[tpJh odthjug [tvdJh
kdf;G/
a&S@ae =lrkGglku skyjdf/
a&S;ajy;edrdwf =jkGg[tg ;kdth;mku [tpJh/
a&S; =[tpJhsHg/ [tsHgvGh/
a&S;a&S;wkef;u =[tpJh sHgsdtg/ [tsHg
95
vGhsdtg/
a&S;a[mif;ypPnf; =jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg;dJg
[tsHgvGh/
&Sufp&maumifonf =;kJiJ(iG) jfgrkGh
rdf/
&Sif;jyonf =kJcugoJg ;kdth;yh/
a&SmifwcifcGifh =jkGgjfgeKg ugakat vmfdfg/
a&Smif&Sm;onf =rkKgbkJg/ bkJgakathjug/
akatgbkJg/ rkKgjfg nfhadfh/
a&SmifvGJonf =rkKgvuadfh/ rkKgjfgnfh
vuadfh/
&Snfvsm;aponf =sKhzmygoHh/ sKhomkuh
lkdf/
¶+H@oGm;onf =jfg,myadfh/
&HSL;ESdyfoGm;onf =;fg,kHadfh/
a&$@qdkif;on f=eJgiKiF ugakat/ eJgug
akat iKif/ iKiF ugakat/
a&$@ajymif;ekdifaomypPnf; =jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg
[t ndJzdt iKiFeG/ jkfhbkxt
jyhjkGg [t ndJzdt iKiFzkdf/
&xm;vrf;vGJ -;kuhbygFh fga;df
;kJlkGg/
&ref -jkGgiHh akfgvdJh [t vfh;kJ [Kug/
&,lonf -ndJsky/ ndJugsky/
&&Sdonf -skyeGg/
&[E Wm -zKemy fgjku fgjfh/ zKemy
fgjkGg ugifhrdfh/
&mZ0wfr_-jkGgiF lrdJhcKh/
&mZ0wfr_usifhxkH;Oya' -jkGgiF lrdJhcKh
;kJ;kFgarduh Hlfgjyg/
&mZ0wfr_usL;vGefonf -bkJgiF jkGgiF
lrdJhcKh/
&mxl;pGe@fvGwfonf -qyhadfh vfh;kJ
[dfg[Hg/
&mxl;rSxkwfypfonf -sHhoJgadfh [t
vfh;kJ [dfg[Hg/
&mxl;rSE_wfxGufonf -amkyhoJgadfh [t
vfh;kJ [dfg[Hg/
&mjynfh -efh,kGg/
&mjzwf -eJhjkFhjkfh jkGg'kuglrkyg/
&moDaoG;ay:onf -lrkGgbKg skJbkJg/
a&a=umifvrf;oGm;onf -zdt sf odJh
a;df/
a&a=umif;vrf;c&D; -a;df ;kJzdt sf
odJh jfgadJh/
a&cJjyif -eHhvHgvdf efgvHg/
a&ikwfoabFm -odJhiKhnKh ;kdfg'Fh/
a&wyf -a;dJhjfodJgh/
a&yef; -odJheuh oJglfgcyh/
a&olr -lrkGgbKg a;HgjkGh/
a&;qGJonf -rfhzmyg/
&Jbuf -jkGgsKhJg oKhnH/ oKhnH ;kJsKh/
&J0Hhonf -kfhvFh/ vFhkfh/
&dk;&m -;kJa;uh rkugrdfh/
&dk;om;jzLpifonf -zKzF bmkuhl;yh/
&ufowWywf -jfgcyh[yh/ jfgsmyh/
&ifwk -sH,kug/ skxt,kug/ sH,kug efeFh/
&ifxkd; -jfguh oGcdf/
a&mifjcnfwef; -jkGg;yhlrku/
a&mif;0,fonf -JgcGh Jglrkyg/
&nf!Gef;csuf -,kHh;kdth vdJhl;y/
&efyGJ -bkFhlkKg vdJh;Hh aHadf/
96
a;dJ'fh vdJh;Hh aHadf/
&yfonf -ugakat/ afgoKg jfgpf/
&kyfajymif -jkGg,kug bdfeFh/ jkGg,kug
iJpkJh/ jkGg,kug vfvug/
&kyf&Sifrif;om; -jkGg,kug omkuhlrkGg vHgnGh
fddflt/
&kyf&Sifrif;orD; -jkGg,kug omkuhlrkGg bKgbfg
fddflt/
&kyf&Sif&kH -lrkGg,kug omkuhlrkGg kygkuh/
&kyftavmif;aumif -;kxthjkug skJ,kug/
&Gufxnf -nf;fgefg/
&Gufonf -Jgakat/
&Sm;ap; -cfhzJh/
&SL;zdeyf -vfgnf cHgoKh/ vfgnf jfgl;mku/
¶+axmifh =fgskfh ;kJbdf/
a&S@wef; -[tpJh;t/ [tpJh jfgrkf/
a&S@ydkif; -[tpJh jfgadJh/ [tzyoJg jfgadJh/
a&S@rS -[teypJh/
a&S@odk@ -[tpJh/
a&S@okd@wGef;ydk@onf -cdfgodfg [tpJh/
a&S;usonf -jkfhrkJ [tpJh/ ugsJg
[tsHgvGh/
a&S;&dk;pum; -'ku;kJkJ [tsHgvGh/
a&S;OD;olemðy -;kJaH,fg rkJsJg/
¶H_@vdrfonf -jfg,my jfgl;Kh jfgl;Jg/
a&$yef;wdrf -zkdfvfh oGh/
vrf;pOf =a;dfa;uh/
v#yfppfrD; =cyg;ygbyg/
vkyfudkifpm;aomufa&; =jkGgrkdfgJg rkdfg
uh/ jkGbkJgJg rkdfgJg rkdfguh/
vGwfvyfr+ =jkGgeGgl;muh/ jkGgeGg eFg;fh/
vGwfvyfa&; =jkGgeGg eFg;fh/
vGwfvyfaompD;yGm;a&; =jkGgrkdfg sky
odfg [t eGgeFg;fh/
v+H@aqmfa&; =jkGgrkdth nGodfg/
v+yf&Sm;r+ =jkGgiKiF aHakf rHrkdfg/
vkHòcHa&; =jkGgug jfg[duh jfg[y/ jkGgakGg
jfg[duhsky/ jkGgjfgakGg ugarJhsky/
vufeuf =jfgakatg jfgeGh/
avhusifhcef; =jkGgidu bkJgsky/ jkGgbkJg
arkduhsky/ jkGarkduh bkJgsky
jkGgiduidfg/
vufawG@orm; =lrkGgjfgvHg bkJgbdf/
vufawG@usonf =jkfhjfgvHg bkJgsK/
vlr+a&; =lrkGg;kHgrJg/
vlwef;pm;&kef;uefr+ =lrkGg;kHg jkuztg
jkGgdfzF oKkGh oKrJg/
vlwef;pm;wkdufyGJ =lrkGg;kHg jkuztg
jkGgcf/
vlom; =lrkGg;kHgnH/
vlOD;a& =lrkGgskJ/
v[m =lfgidtg/
v[mjyif =lfgidtgvHg/ lfgidtgaHh/
vl@orkdif; =lrkGg;kHg jkGg[dfadfh/
v,form; =lrkGgrkdfgJg ;kdfnH/
lrkGgkdfhJg ;kdfnH/
vkyfom; =lrkGgbkJg jkGgnH/
vlrsdK;pk =bdJztgnH/
av;pm;onf =,kFpkf/ eJg,kF eJgpkf/
vvvvv
97
vuf0g;}uD;tkyfonf =eKgey jGhjkFhadfh/
vuf0g;}uD;tkyft&if;&Sif =eKgey jGhjkFh
fgrfh edfgzGg/ fgrfh edfzGgg
fgjkGgeKg eyjkFh/
vGwfvyfpGmukefoG,fr+e,fy,f =;kJbkJg
akat(aF)Jg eGgeFg;fh vfh;kJbth/
vjcrf; =;GhadJh/
vkyf}uHr+ =jkGgzdfg idJhbkJ/
av#mufv$m =;yg[dfgodfg/
vufcH =ndJbfgcFg/ ndJa;kKgcFg/
jkGgvdf ndJbfg/ jkGgvdf
ndJcFg/ ;ygvdf ndJa;kKg/
vufcHonf =vdfndJcFg/
vkyfydkifcGifhtm%m =eGgbkJgsky vmfdfg
,Jglrkug/
vkyfief;pOf =jkGgbkJg a;uhlrku/
vrf;!$efoabmw&m; =iGl;Kg jfgskJg
fgjkGg ,kHhjkfh a;dfa;uh/
vpfvyfonf =ugl;Gg/ ug[fh/ ugarJh ug[fhaHh
adfh/ ug[fhadfh/
vpfvyfaomae&m -[t vfh;kJ ug[fh/
vkyfief;vrf;pOf =jkGgndJ jkGgbkJg
a;dfa;uhlrku/
vkyfief;csrSwfcsuf =eJgjkfh;kdth
jkGgbkJgl;y/
vkyfenf;vkyf[ef =jkGgbkJga;uh
jkGgbkJg;kdth jfg,Jg
v$wfv$wfvyfvyf =eFgeFg ;fh;fh/
vkyfief;ppfaq;a&; =jkGgzJhbdf [dfbf
jkGgbkJg/
vlrsdK; =lrkGg;kHg bdJhztg/
vufrSwfa&;xkd;onf =rfhjkfh jfvHg jJhbf/
jJh;kdfg bmkyh/ rfhjkfh bmkyh/
vlrsdK;okwfoifa&; =jkGgbkJgjkdt bkJg
;kJg lrkGg;kHg bdJhztg/
vwfwavm =vuhpkf sf vuhpkf/ vuhpkf
fgvGh/
vkH;0 =jfg[Fg ;kKhl;yh/ jfg[Fg ;kfjfg
a;yg/ jfgayjug/
vkH;0usqkH;onf =jkfhlrkKgadfh jfg[Fg
;kKhl;yh/
vuf&kH;&nf =jfgvHg jfgrdJh/
vqef; =;GhoJg/ ;Ghodfg/
vSHwH =jfgedfh ;kJcf/ ygodfeuh/
vSnfhpm;r+ =jkGg;fgkuh zmygvu/ jkGgjfgry
zmygvu/ jkGgjfgry ;fgkuhJg/
vlr+awmfvSefa&; =lrkGg;kHgrJg jkGglt
odfgjuh/
avhvma&; =jkGgbdflkHh iJpJh/
vuQ%m =fgbf;kdth/ fgbf jJh;kdth/
jkGg;kdthbf/
avhvmppfaq;onf =bdflkHh iJpJh
oFzJh [dfbf/
avmif;wrf;upm;onf =edfhJg ;fgqkKh/
av;eufpGm =cfhlrkG pfgzGh/ zkK,kfh
pfgzkK/ zkKzkK ,kfh,kfh/ zkK,kfh
jkfhjkJg/
vlrsdKK;aygif;pkHcspf-unfa&; =lrkGg;kHgg bdJh
ztg lkauh(lmkuh)bdJh jkGgbkug
sky;Hh/
vGwfvyfaomefkdfifiHjcma&;0g' =odJhrkdtg
akJa;KhrJgh fgjkGg eGgeFg;fh
98
rdua;uh/
vlvlcsif;acgif;ykHjzwftjrwf}uD;pm;jcif; =lrkGg
;kHg idf;Hh jkGgJgjkFh ;HhvHg
Jg[Hg rFhnH/
vlom;csif;pmemaxmufxm;a&;=lrkGg;kHg
idf;Hh jkGgiJ,kKg eGgjuh vdJh;Hh/
avhvmqnf;yl;jcif; =jkGgbdflkHh idu
idfg iJpJh/
vlaer+tqifhtwef;wkd;jrifha&; =jkGgbkJg
[Hgodfg oHhodfg lrkGg;kHg
fgjkGgug fgjku fgjfh/
vdrfvnfonf =;fgkuh ;fgkdfg/
vlavvlvGifh =lrkGgakxthouh akxth
;kdfg/
avhusifhonf =idubkJgsky/
bkJgarkduh(armkuh)sky/
vnf;aumif; =eGgrGg/ eGgryg/ eGgeGg/
vdrfnmonf =;fgkuh/ kJ,K/
vJvS,fonf =jfg;dfg/ oHga;kfg/
jfga;kfg/
vmbf =emyjGh/
vmbfay;onf =bkxu(bmu)Jg emyjGh/
vmbf,lonf =ndJ bkxu(bmu)Jg emyjGh/
vmbfpm;onf =Jg bkxu(bmu)Jg emyjGh/
vmbf&$ifonf =emyjGh rdfodfg/
vGwfvyfonf =eGgeFg;fh/ eGgl;mkuhnmyh/
eGgl;mkuh eFg;hfh/
vSefIusonf =;fgjkfh jfgGh akfgvdJh/
avvHwifa&mif;csonf =[dfg;kdth JgcGh
'kug('kHg)jkfh 'kug('kHg)odfg/
avvHwifonf =[dfg;kdth 'kug('kHg)
jkfh 'kug('kHg)odfg/
vGefuJonf =fgjfg;mku/ jfg;mku ;tbf/
jfg;mku cFh;Fh/
vSefonf =oHgjfgl;Jg/ ekxthjfgGh/
vGrf;òcHonf =oKey/ oKey;kKh/
katey;kKh/
vdyfpm =vfh;kJug/ ;yglrku ,kHh;kdth
vfh;kJ ;kJug/
vdif =jkGgbkxt jkGgnGh/
vdrfhrnf =at/ lkfh/
v+yf&Sm;onf =akHakf rHrkdfg/
vdrfrmonf =;ygbdfh/
vkH@v0d&d, =jfgryg dfzF/ dfzF jfgryg/
jkGgjfgryg oKkGh oKrJg/
vkH@v0d&d,&Sdonf =ug sf jkGgjfgryg dfzF/
ug sf jkGgjfgryg oKkGh oKrJg/
vkdufavsmonf=;kFgarkduh(armkuh)akath/
K;kdfg arkduh(armkuh)akath/
avsmhay;onf =eJg,dug(,mug)/ eJgjkfh
,dug(,mug)/ vdf;fgzkH/
avsmfay;onf =[dJ;dJh vdJhidf/
[dJjkfh;dJh/ l;fjkfh
;dJhidf/ l;f;dJhidf/
vrf;av#mufonf =zdt;Jha;df/ zdt
sf vfh[kxtg
vspfvsL¶+onf =eJg fgiGgjug/ ndJ fgiGgjug/
[dfgiGgjug/ bdfeGvHg/
vGefvGef;onf =jfg;mku ;tadfh/
jfg;mku cFh;Fhadfh/
vGrf;qGwfonf=iGl;Gh sJgidtg/ sJgidtg
sky/
99
vGrf;qGwfowd&onf =iGl;Gh sJgidtgsky/
iJskJodfg sJgidtgsky/
vufESifhvrf;I,lonf =,kundJ;uh sf
jfgvHg/
vSrf;Iac:onf =G;uhkdfh/ G;uhzdt/
Gzdt;uh/ Gouh zdt;uh/
vGrf;rkd;onf =[Hgeyadfh/ ;kHgeyadfh/
vmvdfrfhrnf =kdfhlkfh/
vdrfhusonf =;fg;Khjkfh/ ;fgjkfh/
avsmufywfwifhw,fonf =jkduhjuheGg
ifhrdfh/ jkduhlt ifhrdfh/
av;vHxkdif;rd+if;onf -okxtgskJ okxtgedfg/
okxtgskJ vyjfglkfg/
ve@fjzwfonf =vdJ,F/
vl;vdrfhonf =eGlfgrKh/ eGjfgl;Kh jfgl;Jg/
eGnHg;Kh/ eG;fg;Kh/
vSdrfhIoGm;onf =;fg;Khzdt/
vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufonf =ndJodfg bkJg
odfg/ lkFbkJgodfg/
vkH;aomt&m =jkGg [t fg jfg;Hh/
avsmfuefonf =juheGg/ juhjF sdthaHh/
av#mfzGwfonf =ygcdtgl;yh/ JgcdJg JglkKh/
vsm; =oHh/ fgoHh/
v#uf =Jg;dJg/
vsifjref =lrdfhry/ lrdfh;y/
v#yfay:avmfvnfonf =lfgjf ;kdth;yh/
lfgjf a;fpJh/
av#mufIoGm;onf =zdt;JhedJg/
zdt;JhrJg/
v#dKonf =Jgjkdt sdthaHh/ Jgjkdtsdth/
rkdfgsdth/
v#dK@0SufIxm;onf =[Kkxt eKgeysky/
eJgkxt eKgeysky/
vdyfjym =lyhldfh/ ,kfh,kug/ ,kug/
vdyfjymac:onf =G,kug/
vufrSwf =jfgvHgjJh/ ;ygjJhbf/ ;ygbf
;ygjJh/
av,lavodrf; =kJeGg zmygodfg
zmyg;kdfg/
av;vHonf =fgoKh fgokxtg/
v-uwfonf =;Ghadfh/
vpOf =lkauh;Gh/ lmkuh;Gh/
vm; =bkdfgH;df/
vk,ufonf =lkFl;G ,GnJg/
vl =lrkGg;kHg/
vlul;rsOf;-um; =lrkGg;kHg ;kJaGgeG
a;dfadJg/
vlom;=lrkGg;kHg kJgvHgnH/
vl}uD;vlaumif; =lrkGgjkduh [HgvHg/
lrkGgifhrdfh [HgvHg/ lrkGg[Hg
lrkGgrdf/
vl}uD;vlaumif;yDoonf =lrkGgjkduh[Hg
jkduhvHg ifhrdfh/
vlóudufrsm;onf =lrkGgiJ,kF rkuG/
vlºuGm; =lrkGgzkdJlt/
vlpm; =lrkGgsdthjdf Hhvfh;kJ/
lrkGgjfgztg/
vlpk vla0; =lrkGgbkHg lrkGgaH/
lrkGgbkHg lrkGl;K/ lrkGgaH
lrkGgadf/ lrkGg rkuG/
vlqdk;vlrkduf =lrkGgkfh vfhaGg/ lrkGgkfh
rygzkdf/
100
vlawG@ppfaq;r+ =jkGgbdfodJg oFzJh
cHg[dfh juh[Gh/ jkGgbdfodJg oFzJh
cH[dfh cyhjkKskJ/
vlxkcsDwufyGJ =lrkGg;kHg rkul;K
odfgrfg[Fh aHadf/
vlrsdK;a&; =lrkGg;kHg bdJhztgrJg/
vlr+qufqHa&;ynm =lrkGg;kHrJg
jkGgeKidu vGvuhg iynG/
vlrsdK;cGJjcm;a&; =jkGg[uhaFh eJhadJh
lrkGg;kHg bdJhztg/
vlrsdK;ra&G; =lrkGg;kHg lkauh(lmkuh)bdJh
lkauh(lmkuh)ztg/ smujkfhadfh
lrkGg;kHg bdJhzJgjug/
vl,kHawmf =lrkGg ;kJ,kF Jgsky/ lrkGg
,kFJgsky/
vlvwfwef;pm; =lrkGgjkuztg a;fhbJh/
vlom;csif;rkef;wD;r+ =lrkGg;kHg idf;Hh
fgjkGg iJkfh iJoJg vdJh;Hh/
ava-um&Snfonf =bdflkHh kJeGgG/
akJ;fgiG oHh/
avqma&mifjcnf =bkKcyxy fgjkGg ;yhcf/
avxD; =vHgakat ;fgiG/ vHgakatakxth/
vlxk =lrkGg;kHg rkul;K/ lrkGgrku
l;K/
avzdtm; =akJ;fgiG cdfgkGh/ ;fgiG
cdfgkGh/
av,mOfjyefay;qGJonf =zmygzdt amkyh
;dJh akathiKhnKh/
avvHqGJonf =zmyglrkygjkfh/
av;jrwfpGm =,kFpkf [Hgpfg;fh/
avmu =kJgvHg skJvHg/
avmb}uD;onf =iJ,kF ;tbf/
vkdaiG =rFh jkfh,dug/ rFh ug,dug/ rFh;ug/
avmu"gwf =kJgvHg cyxy/
vkd&if;csuf =vfhcdJ ;kJskyl;y/
vkdtyfcsuf =juheGg skyl;y/ juheGg
;kJskyl;y/ jkGg;ugl;y/
vkdtyfonf =juhsky/ juheGg ugakath/
juheGg ;kJsky/ ;ugakath/
vdkonf =juh;kJsky/ juh;kJ ugakath/
;ug/
vkdcsifonf =iJ,kF skyeGg/
vkdvm;onf =iJ,kF juhcFg/ iJ,kF ugcFg/
vkd&Sdonf =iJ,kFug/ iJ,kF ugsky/
iJ(iG),kF ;kJugsky/
vufum; =jkGgJgcGh vfhcdJ/ jkGgJgcGh
l;KzFh/
vufum;a&mif;onf =JgcGh l;KzFh/ JgcGh
a;kKvkath/
vJcsm; =kJgzFg(;kJcHglrdJh sf jkKoG)/
vufpm;acsonf =bkJ;dJhvdJh/
bkJg;dJhcFg/ bkJg;dJhadfh/
vufwqkyfpm =jfgzkFgjdth/ ug jfgzkFg
jdth/
vufwke@fjyefonf =bkJgakfg vdJhcFg/
[dJakfg vdJhcFg/
vufaxmuf =jfgvHg jfgomu/ jkGgjfgomu/
lrkGgjfgomu/
vufxdyf =jfgvHg ;kJxfbfg/ xfjfgqkKg
(;kJxfbfg sf jfgvH)g/
vufeufudkifawmfvSefa&; =jkGglt odfgjuh
sf cyh;H cyhsdfg/
101
vufaAG =afgsKh vHgcmy/ afgsKh vHgqky/
vufa0S@ = jkGgl;H vdJh;Hh/
vufeufzsufodrf;a&; = jkGgbkJg ldJ[du
adfh jfgakatg jfgeGh/
vufESdyfpuf = zGbFh;yg/
vufr+ynm = jfgvHg jkGgbkJg iynG/
vufa&; = jfgvHg jkGgrfh/
vuf&Sdjzpfaom = [t omkuhodfg vuhpkf/
vufvD = jkGgJg cGhjkfh [yhjkF/ jkGgJg
cGhjkfh,mGg/ jkGgJg cGhjkfh lrdJg/
vufvDa&mif;onf = JgcGh jkfh[yhjkF/ JgcGh
jkfhlrdJg/
vufvD0,fonf = Jglrkyg [yhjkF/
Jglrkyg,mGg/
vufvSrf;rSDonf = eyh jfgvHg ;kJjkdth/
eyh ;kJjkdtheG vfh;kJ sdtg/
vufav#mhonf = [dfgadfh/ vdf;fg
zkHadfh/ arkuhjfgrkdu
akathadfh/
vufOD;onf = skyrJh;t/ ndJsky rJh;t/
bkJgrJ;t/
vkdufonf =;kFgarkduh/ arkduh;kFg
akath/ rkGh sf/
vkdufemonf = arkduhbkJgakath/
arkduhsky [fhakath/ sky[fh
arkduh(armkuh)akath/
vkdufavsmnDaxGonf = arkduhjfgrdu
juheGgcFg/ rkGhcFg;Hh/ juheGg cFg;Hh/
vkdufvHonf = ;kFglkHh/ ;kFgakath/
vkdufvmonf = arkduhzdtakath/
avmifpm = bygcGgJg/
vkdifpif = ;kJjGhsky vmfdfg/ ;kGg,Jg/
vmfdfg ;kJjGhsky/
vSnfhywfonf =jfgry jfgqkfg/
vSnfhpm;onf =jfgryJg/ jfgry ;fgkuhJg/
vwfqwfonf =iyidth iGharJhlfh/
vwfwavmOm%faumif;ol =lrkGg [t
jfgskJg jfgrdJh rdfodfgvdJ/
vkyfaqmifonf =ndJbkJgodfg/
vkyf&yf =jkGgbkJg ,kug;kdth/
vrf;qkH =a;dfjkfhcFg/ a;dfcfcFg/
a;dfjkGh cfcFgl;K/
vrf;ckvwf =a;df jfgamkug/ a;dfa;fh
bJh/ a;df;kug/
vrf;nGefpmtkyf =;yg[dJ ,kHha;df/
vrf;vGJonf =oJglkGhadfh/ oJgvuadfh/
;mkuhvua;df/ zdtlkGhadfh/
vrf;vGJ -a;dflkGh/ a;dfoJglkGh/
vdrf;usHonf =l;kK/ oF/
vkH;ywf =jfg;HhoFh jfgqkfg/ euhjfg;Hh
oFhjfgqkfg/ fg jfg;Hha;Kh jfgqkfg/
vkH;0OokH =;kKhl;yh pfgzkK/ ;kKhl;yh
;fgauh/ ;fgauh ;kKhl;yg/
avsmfa-u;ay;onf =l;fjkfh ;dJhrFh/
l;fjkfh ;dJhaGg/
vGwf_idrf;csrf;omcGihf =jkGgl;mkuhnmkyh
vmfdfg/ jkGgl;mkuh eFg;fh vmfdfg/
vGwfajrmufjcif; =jkGgcHgl;gG/
vGwfajrmufonf =cHgl;G/ cygl;G/
vGwfvyfpGm,kH-unfudk;uG,fr+ =jkGgzKeGh
,kFJg fgjkGg eGgeFg;fh/
vGwfvyfpGma&G;cs,fykdifcGifh =jkGgeGg skyeGg
102
vmfdfg smundJodfg fgjkGg
eGgeFg;fh/
vGwfvyfpGma&;om;az:xkwfykdifcGifh =jkGgeGg
skyeGg vmfdfg rfhoJg lkugoJg
fgjkGg eGgeFg;fh/
vGwfvyfpGm,kH-unfudk;uG,fydkifcGifh =jkGgeGg
skyeGg vmfdfg zKeGh ,kFJg
fgjkGg eGgeFg;fh/
vGwfvyfr+udktvGJokH;pm;onf =zfghJg iFzktg
jkGgeGg eFg;fh/
vSywifhw,fonf =jkduhlt ifhrdfh/
vSL'gef;onf =;Hhjdfhodfg/ bkJ;Hh
bkJjdfh/
avSmfwuf =iwKgedJgeuh ;kJafqkGh/
iwKga;dJh afqkGh/
avSmfajymifonf =bkJg;kdth ,K;Jh/
bkJg;fgqkKh ,K;Jh/ bkJefeFg
;fgqkK ,K;Jh/
vd+if;avxefonf =akJ;fg iGcKh odJhkf
kucdug/
vSnfhuGuf =jkGgjfg ryaHh/
v#memcGgema&m*g =lkHlfgskG vfhbkGlkK
l;ygcGh jkGgcmy/
av#musonf =jkfhefadfh/ jkfh,dug
adfh/
v#dK@0Sufcsuf =jkGg[K kxtl;y/
avsmufywfonf =juheGg ifrdfh/
av#mufvJonf =[dfgodfg amkyhiJ,kKg/
v#yfppf"gwf =cyg;yg cyxy/
v$ =ofeF/
v$wdkufonf =eF ofeF/
v$wkduform; =lrkGgeF JgiwKg/
v$Jonf =;kHgiF/ eGgiF/ eGgjug/
v$Jtyfonf =[dJjkfh ugskyadfh/ [dJug
skyadfh;kug/
v$wfonf =l;mkuh/ l;mkuhoJgadfh/
l;mkuhadfh/
v$wfawmf =l;Fl;uh/
v$wfawmftrwf =l;Fl;uh fglrkG
vdfjdf lrkG;kHg/
vcpm;vlwef;pm; -lrkGg Jg ;GhaGg jkuztg/
lrkGg Jg ;Ghvmu ;GhaGg jkuztg/
vlzrf;0&rf; -'kuzky ;kJlkF lrkGg/
vlrr,f -lfgzKh lfgzkG/
vl&kdif;0g' -lrkGgbdJhztg vfhaGg rdua;uh/
vl0ifpm; -lrkGg sdthomkuh nH jfgl;Jg
vdJh/ lrkGg akfgafgsdth omkuhvdJh/
vlowfr_ -jkGgbkJg idJhhlrkGg fgbH fgrfh/
vl@qEN -lrkGg;kHg fgjkGg iJ;kKh/
ava=umif;c&D; -a;df zdt ;fgiGvHg/
ava=umif;pmydk@ -;ygiHh sf a;df
;fgiGvHg/
avc|efonf -iKimy/ iKiy/
avief;a&m*g -akJ;fgiG odfg jkGgcmy/
avqifESmarmif; -akJ;fgiG eKqyheuh/
avqdyf -akathiKhnKh vfh;kJjkfh/
avxk -;fgiG a;kKvkath/
av,Ofr,f -lrkGgbKg arduh akathiKhnKh/
avhusifhonf -;kFgarduh bkJgsky/
avhvma&;c&D; -a;df bdflkHh iJpJh/
av;óud; -ndfzkKl;dJg/ a;dJgl;dJg/
avcG -ndfzkK nf,du/
103
av;jrwfpGm -[dfg[Hg ,kFpkf;fh/
vJrdk@ -jkKgnuh/
vJavsmif;onf -ugbdJh jfgGh/ ugbdJh
akfgvdJh/ qyhvF qyhghGh/
vkdtyfr_ -jkGgjuheGg ugsky/ jkGgjuheGgg
ugakath/ jkGg;uglfh/
vufurf;a=umfjimpm -;yglkugoJg [dJjkfh/
vufcsm; -kJgzFgl;Kg(;kJcHglrkdJh sf
jkKoG)/
vufqifhurf; -,kH[yhjkF/
vufqGJbm*sm -ju zmyglrkfg/
vufqGJEkwfqufjcif; -jkGglkF oKbkug
jfgvHg/ jkGglkF zmygbkug jfgvHg/
vufawG@prf;oyfr_ -jfgvHg fgjkGg bkJgbdf/
vufeufzsufodrf;jcif; -jkGgbkJg ldJ[du
adfh jfgakatg jfgeGh/
vufESdyf"gwfrD; -bygzyg/
vufyl;vuf=uyfrdonf -lkFsky cygjkK
fgskJ/ lkFsky cyjtg cyhjkK/
vufypfAkH; -byglkK ;kJqyh/
vufywfem&D -jfgvHg ;kJadf zGjfgrkyh/
vufbufajcmuf -syh;Ggarfh/
vufr -afgsKh bkxt[Hg/ jJJgbf/
vufr&GH@tm%mom; -lrkGg;kJa;uh
bkJgidfheFg/
vufrSwfppfonf -oFzJh ;ygbfjJh/
vufa&;wdktwwf -;kJrfhnkatg ;yg
fgjkGg zkdf[Gg/ ;ygl;Kgnkatg
fgjkGgzkdf/
vuf,yfac:onf -qtqdfhkdfh/
vufa&G;pifvlxk -jkGgsmu ugsJg lrkGg;kHg
rkuG/
vuf0g;um;wkdif -juh;dfh kyoFg/
vufa0S@xkd;onf -l;HvdJh;Hh/
vuform; -lrkGgjfg vHgzkdf/
lrkGgzkdf bkJkyg/
vufoD; -jfgvHg jfg;Hh/
vufoD;qkyfonf -arygjfg;Hh jfgvHg/
vufonf -lrkGg [dJug nH/
vufonf; -afgsKh bkxtefg/
vufokwfy0g -eGgHh ;kJoF/
vuf[efajc[efjzifhajymjcif; -kJeGg sf
jkGg,ku jfgvHg afg[fh/
vuftdwf -jfgvHg jfl;mu/
vufatmufcHjzpfonf -omkuh;kJ vdfug
[t ;kGh/
avmufionf -lkKgcFh/
vkdufavsmnDaxGpGmaeonf -ugarduh
jfgrdu idfjuheG rfg[Fh;Hh/
vifyef; -[fhaKg jfg;yh/
vif;,kef -;kfh/
vdifudpP -lrkGgvHh lrkGbKgjGh/
avmifcsm -cysdf[Hg ;kHglkK/
avmif*sDwG'frsOf; -zmygeuh jfgqkfg kJvHg/
vnfpD; -eGgHh ;kJzKh akdfheuh/
vnfqH -akdfheuhcFg/
v'f8sDwG'frsOf; -zmygeuh aGgjkFh kJgvHg/
vnfywfonf -;Jhjfgqkfg/ zdtug;Jh/
;kHgjfgrkyh/
vnfrsdK -akdfharugaHh/
vnf;aumif; -eGgrGg/ eGgeGg/
vkd%f*l -cugaHh/
104
vdyfacgif;a&m*g -jfga;y vHga;KoJg
jkGgcmy/ jkGgcmy vfhl;dJxy
jkfhoJg/
vdyfonf -eugjf;Hh/ oHgjfg;Hh/
vdyfjymroe@fjcif; -jkGg,kFsky skJjug/
jkGg,kFsky jkfhjug/
vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufonf -lkFarkf
bkJodfg/
vkyfief; -jkGgndJ jkGgbkJg/
vkyfaqmifr_ -jkGgbkJodfg/
vkyfykdifcGifhay;xm;onf -[dJug fgvmf
;kJbkJgsky/
vkyf&Judkif&Jonf -bkJgeFg bkJgvFheFg/
vkyf&yf -bkJg,kug;kdth/
vrf;cif;onf -[Ghjkfh a;df/
vrf;pnf;urf;trSwftom; -a;df fgjkGg
iduidfg fgbf fgjJh/
vrf;!Gefonf -,kHhjkfh a;dfa;uh/
vdrf;aq; -jkGgvHgl;kK/ jkGgvHgoF/
vkHrysdK -lrkGgbKg nHiGg/
vsifjrefpGm -lrdfh;fh/
vGJacsmfonf -fgiF fgzktg/ iFlkGhadfh/
vGifwD;acgif -iFl;F ;kfhjfga;yg/
vGifjyif -akJpkJg/ akJ[Fh/ akJlkJh/
vGwfvyfpGmawG;ac:cGifh -jkfhcf jfgskJg
eGgeFg;fh vmfdfg/
vGefuJonf -jfg;mku cFh;Fh/
vGefqGJyGJ -jkGgzmyg cHgl;dJg aHadf/
vGef -jfg;mku/ oGJgqkyh/
vSyacsmarmonf -bmkuhl;yhjkduh/
jkduhbmkuhl;yh/
avSum;xpfpdkufysKd;a&; -jkGgcKl;Fh idf
afgeuhiHh/
avSmifajymifonf -bkJg;fgqkKh ,K;Jh/
vd_if;vdyf}uD; -odJhkfku jfg;Hh[Hg/
v_yf&Sm;onf -akHakf rHrkdfg/
av#mf -vFhbkK/
v#Kd@0Sufr_ -jkGg[Kkxt/
v#Kd@0Sufonf;zkd0xWK -iGl;Kg [Kgkatg [Kgey
jkGg[df/
v#yfppfynm&Sif -cyg;ygg cyxy iynG
edfgzGg/
v#yfwjyuf0ifa&mufwkdufckdufjcif; - jkGsdth
cfvdJ jfgnkatjdth/
v$puf -zGeF/
0dnmOf =,kfxy/ iGomkuhlrkGg/
0dnmOfawmf =,kfxy zfcGh/ iGzfhcGh/
a0zefa&; =jkGgkJ euheGg/
0g'jze@fcsDa&; =jkGgnfg oJg;kdth rdua;uh/
0,faps; =lrkyg'kug('kHg)lrkyg/
0ef}uD; =lrkGg[dfgvHg/ lrkGgvdfvHg/
0ef}uD;csKyf =lrkG[dfg vHg[Hg/ lrkGgvdf
vHg[Hg/
0g' =rdua;uh/
0ifa&mufpGufzufonf =sdthhjfg akGgvu/
sdthjfgakGg bfgsky/ sdth,kGhg
zmygvu cHcf/ sdthkJ cHcfakath/
0efcHonf =K;kdfg/
0g'D =lrkGgarkduhbkJg rdua;uh/
00000
105
0goem =iGl;Kg iJbkJg/ iGl;Kg iJjkKh/
iJ,kF bkJgjkKh/
a0zefonf =kJeuheGg/
0Ëf =jkGgrkGh rkduhiG/ 'fgrfg/
0Éfvdkufonf =jkGgrkGh rkduhiG eGg/
jkGgrkGh rkduhiG ;kFg/
0wfvkHawmf =lrkGgzkfg[Hg/ lrkGgkJ
eGgjdf/ lrkGgkJjdf/
lrkGglkujdf/
0wW&m; =jkGgbkJg [dfgvHg/ jkGg[dfgvHg
jkGgbkJg/
0wfqH =nuhxybFg/
0yfwGm;&dkaoonf ='kKg;kdfg ,kFpkf/
0efcH*wd =jkGgK;kdfg skxtg;kdfg/
jkGgK;kdfg tha;kKg/
0efpnfpv,f =jkGgakat(aF) jkfhjkGg/
jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg/
0ef;&HIaeonf =ugjfg qkfgsky/
0rf;ajrmufonf =iJarkFh iJ;kKh/
0rf;omonf =iJarkFhbkug/
0dZ…m =jfgskJg iynG/
0dZ…m*k%fxl;wef; =jfgskJg iynG jfgvGh
fgjku/
0efwkdonf =iJvf iJ;uh/ iJvmG oyhsf/
0dkif;0ef;ulnDonf =bkJgzkdu(zmku)
jkfhjkt/ bkJgzkdu jfgqkfg
jkfhjkt/
0Hhpm;onf =,kFpkf cdfg;kdfg/
0Srf; =jfgqyh jfgqkfg/
a0;&yfajrwae&m =[t kJgvHg vfh;kJ
,kdJg jfgnug/
0uftl =;yglfgsfg Jgqkyh/
0uFmygvrf; =a;dfjfgqkfg oFhjkdt/
0if&kd; =[yheuh a;fhbJh/
(urBm)0if&dk; =kJgvHg [yheuh a;fhbJh/
(urBmh)0if&dk;pGef; =kJvHg [yheuh a;fhbJh
oFh;t/
0wfqifonf =aFhidfodfg/
0HykavG =omygbkyg ztg[Hg/
0rf;Akduf =kK/
a0g =,frkG/
0ifa&mufusKK;ausmfonf =,kyeysdth
0òzd;onf =eFgidJg afg;kdf/
eFgafg;kdf/
0wfðyonf =zKeGh/
0wfðyudk;uG,fonf =zKeGh ,kFJg/ zKeHg
zKeGh odfgsky/
0wfpm;qif,ifonf =aFhkdJg idfzkfg/
0ef =[dfgvHg/ jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg fgokxtg/
0ef;0dkif;onf =ugjfgqkfg/ ugjfg qkfgsky/
0yfonf =ugmu jfg[G/
a0a0qefqef =rkurku GG/ ugG ifhrdfh/
[HgjkduhG ifhrdfh/
0if;vJhonf =jfgvGh ;yh;kdth/ jfgvGh
rug,kug/
a0iSonf =eJhjkfhlkJ/
0Hhonf =bkJgeFg/
(urBm)h0if&dk;wef;EdkifiH =akJ ug [t kJgvHg
[yheuhoFh/
0xWK =jkGg[df/
0 =eFg/
0uGuftyfonf =[dJjkfh zkdJhhadfh/
106
0ajymonf =ugG ;tefh/
0&wm =kyg;faFg jfgbkdfh/
0&kef;okef;um;jzpfonf =omkuhcyqkdf
[yh[dfh/
0&rf; ='kuzky ;kJlkF/
0&rf;ajy;ol =lrkGga;dfg 'kuzy lkF;J/
0&rf;r+ ='kuzky ;kJlkF fgbH fgrfg/
0g}udwfpuf =zGJgqkyh jfgndf/
0g'a&;&m =rdua;uh rJga;uh/
0g,móud; =imGgnH l;dJgeuh/
0g&ifhyk*~Kdvf =skJlrkGg sfg[Hg/ lrkGg sfg[Hg
skJlrkGg/
a0vig; =lfh;Gh jkGh[Hg/
a0[if =vfh;kJ ;y;Hh/
a0[ifrSajr}uD;odk@ =[t vfh;kJ ;y;Hh sf
[t kJgvHg/
a0[ifrSa0[ifodk@ =[t vfh;kJ ;y;Hh sf
[t vfh;kJ ;y;Hh/
a0;uGmonf =fg,kdJg/
a0;vHonf =fg,kdJg;fh/
0J-o* = odJhjfgqkfg zmyjkfh/
odJhjfgrkyh zmyjkfh/
0uf_cH =odflkug/ nKhiF/
0ufodk; =odfnGhjdJ/
0uftl&pf =oGjfgrkyh vfh;kJ
jfgrkyhadJg/ oGjfg rkyhadJg/
0uftlvSnfh =oGJgqkyh/ oGjfgrkyh/
0ifcGifh =vmfdfg sdthsky/
0wf&kH =zkfg[Hgzkug/
0ifh0gonf =zkdJodfgbK/ zkdJlt/
0if;x&H =jfgrG jfglkug/
0dkif;zGJ@pum;ajymon f=ugjfgqkfg kJeGg;Hh/
0dkif;&Honf =ugjfgqkfg/ eKgjfgqkFg/
0dkif;xm;onf =eKgjfg qkfgadfh/ eKgjfg
qkfgsky/
0dkif;y,fonf =qyhadfh jkfhjkt/
0efcsonf =cdfg;kdfgskJ/ K;kdfg
jkGgiF/ K;kdfg skyskJ/
0efxkyf0efydk; =jkGg,f jkGgeug/ jkGgnkatg
jkGgeug/
0efxrf; =lrkGgvdfndJ jkGg[dfgvHg/
lrkGg bkJg vmyjkGgbkJg/
0ef;usif =jfgqkyh jfgqkfg/
0rf;qGJq&mr =ifrfbkxt [dJugnH/
0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omonf =iJarFh iJ;kKh
bkug/
a0Sh,rf;onf =kF;kdth/ qyqdfh;kdth/
a0S;oif;onf =cmy[dJg/ lkKg[dJ/
a0g[m& ='ku;dJg ;fgcf/
0gus =;ygl;Kg cHglrkdu/ ;ygl;Kg
jJlrkdu/
0dbuf ='ku,kHh. 'kul;mkuhoFh/
0wfpm;wefqm =;kJaFhidf jfgryg
jfgakatg/
a0pk =jkGgeJhjkfh fgl;Hg/ jkGgeJhjkfh
fga;K/
0g*Grf; -jfgndf/
0g;rsKdonf -Jgcdfh lycf a;Hhsdth/
0g;vkH;uGJ&,foH -jfgarkdth jfgarkG
pkJhlrkfgvdJ/
0g;onf -Jgcdfh/
0denf; -zKemy jkGg[kxtg[du ;kJa;uh/
107
0d&d, -jkGgdfzF jfgryg/
a0pkcGJonf -eJhadJhlku [yhjkF
jkGgeJhjkfh/
a0'em -jkGgvdfeGg jkGgcmy jkGgcGh/
0Jem -aruhjfgndJ/
0ufouf -oJgjfglrH/ oJgjfgarkG/
0ifcGifhðyonf -[dJsdth fgvmf/
0if&dk;wef;a'o -kJgvHg [yheuhoFh jfglrf/
0ifa&muf,SOfòydifta&G;cHol -lrkGgsdth
smuodfg [yhzGhakath fgskJ/
0wfpkH -kdJgzkfg eGlt/
0if; -jfgrG;kug jfglkugaHh/
0dkif;&Hydwfqkd@onf -ugey jfgqkfgsky/ ugey
jfgqkfg jkfhjkFhsky/
0dkif;aomt&m -jkGg [t fgjfgqkFg/
0ef}uD;Xme -lrkGgvdf[Hg bfeuh/
0ef}uD;&mxl; -lrkGgvdf[Hg vfh;kJ
[df[Hg/
0ef}uD;tzGJ@ -lrkGgcdf[Hg fgl;K/
0ef;(0if;) -jfgrG jfglkugaHh/
0rf;csKyfonf -kKaHh bfg/
0rf;enf;onf -iGl;Gh/
0rf;azgonf -kKefh/ efhkK/
0rf;omp&mowif; -jkGgryg [t ;kJiG
arFh/
0,fonf -Jglrkyg/
orw = akJvmyvHg/ akJvHgzK/
akJedfgzGg/ vHgzK/
opPm = vdfzK/ jkGgvdfzK/
opPm&Sdonf =vdfzKug/ ug sf vdfzK/
owd =jfgrygiG/ rkKgrdJh/ jkGgrkKgrdJh/
owd0d&d,m =jfgrygiG dfzF/
jkGgrkKgrdJh dfzF/ jkGgdfzF
rkKgrdJh/
odrf;,ljcif; =jkGgndJ l;K[du([mu)/
jkGgkKh [du([mu)l;K/
odrf;ydkufonf =kKhl;K/
or*~ =l;KzFh aHl;K/
owif; =jkGgryg jkGgadfh/ jkGgryg/
oabmwlpmcsKyf =juhrku ;yga;kKg/
omrn =zKzF/
oJuE W& =jfgbf ;fgrkHg/ odJhcG jfgbf
;fgrkHg/
owW0g =iGomkuh lrkGgnH/ jkGgarkG
jkGgomkug/
oifc%f;pm =;ygkJidu/ ;ygktidu/
oif,ljcif; =jkGgkt idundJ/
jkGgidundJ/
obm0ukefxkwfvkyfief; =bkJoJg [FgjGh
jkGgakat(aF) jkGgbkJg/ [FgjGh
fgjkGg bkJgoJg jkGgakat jkGgbkJg/
obm0 =[FgjGh/
ordkif; =jkGg[dfadfh/ jkGg[tg pfhadfh/
odk@ =[t/
o'Ng =;ygbkxta;mkyh/ 'ku fga;mkyh
fg;my/
oabmw&m; =iGl;Kg jkGgjfgskJg/ jkGg
idu idfgzK/ jkGgidu jfgskJgzK/
ouf&SdoufrJh =iGomkuh iGbkJ/ iGomkuh
ooooo
108
iGjkdt/ iGomkuh iG;kJg/
odyH =cyg;ygiG cyxy/ bKcyxy/
aoGzDonf =oJglkGh jkfhl;Ggadfh/
oif;vkH;uGswf =aHnH ;kKhl;yh/
oabmxm; =iGl;Kg jfgskJg/ iGl;Kg
jfg,Jg/ jkGg[dfgiHg [dfgiG/
oifhavsmf =juheGg/
oabmESifhtjrif =iGl;Kg jfgskJg sf
jkGgbdfodJg/
okH;oyfonf =rdunFh jfg,Jg/ bdflkHh
eJhadJh/
owfrSwfwkd;jrifhonf =eJgbfg [dfgodfg
fgjku/
oDcsif; =bfgrdfg/ jkGgifmyg/ jkGgktruh/
o,f,lykd@aqmifa&; =jkGg;kJndJ
iHhzdtakfg/ jkGgiHh zdtakfg/
oG,f0dkufusL;ausmfr+ =jkGg,ky eysdth
katgl;Gg/ jkGg,ky eysdth vuvdJg/
,kyeysdth [Kkxt/
oduQm =jfgrdJh cfhlrkG/
ol&Jaumif; =lrkGgnGh/ vHgnGhkfh/
oufao =lrkGgvdfjdf/ jkGgvdfjdf/
jkGgbdfodJg skykath vdfjdf/
(ypPnf;)odrf;ydkufonf =kKhl;K jkGgakat
(aF)/ kKhl;K jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg/
odrf;,lonf =kKh[du([mu)/ ndJ[du
([mu)/
o0%fvGm =;ygiHhbkug/
oHwrefa&; =jkGgvdfjdf odJhakJrJg/
odkuf -fglmyg/ rFhoGh l;Fhadfh/
odkif; -jkGg;fh ;fgqkKh/
oufoufvkyfonf -bkJgjfgaGg/
oHrSL; =lrkGgvdfjdf odJhakJrJg
[HgvHg/
owfjzwfr+'%f =jkGgvdfeGg jkGgeGgcGh
bkJgidJh/
ordkif;ay;wm0ef =jkGg[dfadfh fgjkGg
[dfgvHg/
olawmfaumif; =vHgnGh ifhrdfh/ vHgnGh
zKjkJg/
olawmfaumif;a,mifaqmifonf=zkdJvHg
nGhifhrdfh/ a;HgvHgnGh ifhrdfh/
a;mkugvHgnGh zKjkJg/
aoG;aqmifonf =;fgkuh iduldJ/ ;fgkuh
zmygvu/ yg;ug yg;df/
aoG;cGJajcxdk;onf =idunG eKga;dJ/
eKga;dJ eKg'fh/ ygcdf ygxy/
aoG;pnf;nDnGwfonf =imygzFh lkJh[duh/
okwfoifonf =bkJgcy bkJadfh/ bkJg
idJh bkJadfh/
oif,lonf =kJidu/ ndJidu/ kJidu
ndJsky/
oDv =jkGg[kxtgzK/ [kxtgzK/
oDqkdonf =ktruhoJg/ ktruhlrkfg/
kJktruh/ ifmyg/
oDcsif;qkdonf =ktruh bfgrdfg/ ifmyg ;yg/
ktruh ;yg/ ktkJ ruh/
owd&onf =iJskJodfg/ iJskJ
odfgsky/
oDonf -Jgjkdtl;K/
o-uFef&uf =pJhiGh kfodJh/
oò*õ&fonf =yg;kxt;kxth/
109
onf =lrG/
o,fykd;aqmif&Gufonf =qy,f odfgbkJg/
owfykH =;ygl;Kg jJhl;K/ ;ygl;Kg
rfhl;K/
odjrifonf =iJpJh bdfodJg/
odrSwfonf =iJpJh eJgbfg/ iJpJh jkuhbfg/
odu|rf;onf =iJpJh jkuhsky/ iJpJh
jkuhbfgsky/ iJpJhsK vdJh;Hh/
onfh =dJh/[t/
olaeonfhtdrf =kyg [t fg ugsky/
olajymonfhpum;rsm; ='ku [t fg kJ
dJhjfgkJg/
oJoJ-um;&onf =skykath lfg;ku/
oD;oe@fjcm;em;onf =vuhvdJg a;kfhskfh/
odyfodyfoD;oD;&Sdonf =ugl;K a;kKgbfg
rku;Hh/ ugarkFh uga;Gh rku;Hh/
l;KzFh a;kKgbfg ug/
onf;nnf;cHonf =vdfiG[uh/
&kwf&kwfoJoJ =aHakf cHcf/ jfgardth
cHcf/ jfgardth jfgarkG/ cHcf
cyqdfhodfg/
oJuGJonf =;kdthoJg vuvdJg/
;kdthoJgvu/ vuvdJh;Hh/
oJvGefp =vfh;kJ l;mkuhoFh/ vfh;kJ
;kJrmu/ fgoFh ;kJrmu/
opf =iGh/ Jgl;kG(Jgl;kG bygiGg)/ iwKg/
opfaomt0wf =kdJgzkfgh [t fgighGh/
owfrSwfonf =eJga;kKg jkuhbfg/
eJga;kKg jJhbf/
oyfoyf,yf,yf =bmkuhl;yh ifhrdfh/
bmkuhbmkuh l;yhl;yh/
o'Ngusrf; ='kufga;mkyh fg;my
;yg[dJidug/
o'Ngw&m; =jkGgiG,kKg zKjkJg/
o'Ngw&m;ESifhay;onf =[dJ sf jkGgiG
,kKg zKjkJg/
oefpGrf;onf =jfgpfh cduglrdfh/
okomef =;kxthvHg/
obufwap> =jfglrkdfg[Hg/ ;kxthjfg
;rkdfg[Hg/
oGwfoGif;onf =zmygsdthaHh/ oKsdthaHh/
cdfgsdthaHh/
oGefoifqkH;ronf =iduidfg iJpJh/
kJiduidfg iJpJsky/ kJidu
juha;df juha;uh/
oGefonf =,Fgjkfhadfh/ ,Fgadfh/ ,Fg/
oGef;avmif;onf =,Fgsdth edfomkuh/
bkJgzkHg edfodfg/
odyHausmif; =cyg;ygiG idu;ygkuh/
bKcyxy idu;ygkuh/
odkodyfxm;onf =eJg[du([mu)
[Kkxtsky/ cHgbmkusky/ [dfg[du
cHgbmkusky/
odyfonf =jkygsdth/ jkygsdthpJ/
odrfzsOf;onf =lGiHg/ fgiHg/
ao;odrfonf =jfgskJg lfgjy/ sJglfgjy/
lfgjy/
odrfarG@onf =zkGskfg ifhrdfh/
odrf;qnf;onf =ndJug[du([mu)/
[dfgug[du([mu)/
odrf;&kH;onf =JgkKh l;K;kKh/ ;kKhl;yh
;kfjfga;yg/
110
okwfoif&Sif;vif;onf =bkJgl;yhbkJ
;kKhadfh/ bkJidJh cybkJ
;kKl;yhhadfh/ bkJgcybkJ
;kKhl;yhadfh/
okwfvdrf;onf =l;kK/ oF/
okwfoD;okwfjyef =jfgl;kdt jfgrkdfg/
jfgl;kdt jfgl;dJ/h akfgvdJh
kdfhpJh/
okyfpm;onf =a;dthJg/
okH;pGJonf =zfgJg/ sKhJg/
okH;pm;onf =zfgJgsky/ sKhJgsky/
okH;aqmifonf =Jguh/ sKhzfg Jgsky/ sKhJg
sky/
odkif;0dkif;onf =rkuG ifhrdfh/
odkrSD;xm;onf =[dfg[du([mu)ug skysJg/
[dfgug[du([mu) ugsJgsky/
[dfg[du ugsky/
odk@aomf =jfg[tgrK/ eGgrGgrK/
owdxm; =ugrkKgrdJh/ rkKgrdJh/ ugjfg
rygiG/
owday;csuf =[dJrkKg rdJhl;y/
[dJiJ pJhl;y/
owdðyrdonf =bdfodJg iJpJh odfgsky/
jfgskJg jkuhodfgsky/ iJskJ
odfgsky/
owdarhonf =cuhjfglkfg/ idJh'kFh/
owdarhvJonf =;fgvF idJh'kFh/
owif; um; =jkGgryg,kug/
owif;pm =;ygjkGgryg/
owif;pmacgif;}uD; =;ygjkGgryg vHga;K
;ygl;Kg lrku[Hg/
owif;pmynm =;ygjkGgryg rJgadfh iynG/
owif;pOf =jkGgryg lrkua;uh/
oem;-uifemonf =iJ,kKg a;fgeGg/
oydwfarSmufonf =akatgcFg/ [tg;
odfg jkGgakatgcFg/ [tg;kdthcFg
jkGgzkHhjug/
obmywd =lrkGglkK vfh;kJ ugpfh/
lrkGg[Hg vHgzK/
obm0ukxkH; =[FgjGh jkGgaH,fg/
obm0"gwfaiGh =[FgjGh cyxyimy/
oabmxm;}uD;onf =eJgiGl;Kg jfgskJg
[Hg/ iGl;Kgzkdug/ eJgzkdug
igGl;Kg/ iGl;Kg fgjkGg jfg,Jg[Hg/
oabmxm;uGJonf =iGl;Kg jfgskJg ;kHg
vu/ jkGg[dfgiHg [dfgiG nGvu
vdJh;Hh/
oabmxm;ao;onf =iGl;Kg jfgskJg
lfgjy/ jkGg[dfgiHg [dfgiG
jkfh,dug lfgjy/
oabmusonf =juhiGl;Kg/ juh;kJ
iJ,kF/ iGl;Kg juheGg/ juheGg
iGl;Kg/
oabmaygufonf =l;uhiGl;Kg/
iGl;Kgl;uh/
omr&dk;usvufeuf =jfgakatg jfgeGh zKzF/
or0g,mr =jGhrku fgl;K/ jGhzFh fgl;K/
orm;awmf =ifrf aH,fg/
orkdif;0ifjzpfonf =ug sf jkGg[dfadfh/
sdthaHh sf jkGg[dfadfh/
o,HZgwºuG,f0onf =kJgvHg jkGgcG
lrkdJh ug;tefh/
111
o,HZgw =kJvHg jkGgcGlrkdJh/
ork'N&m =odJh[Hg odJhjfgqkfg/
om& =;ygl;Kg lrkfgbkxt. lrkfgnH/
o&zl =zKndfg vHga;mkuh/
o&kyfaqmifonf=a;HgbkJg/ a;mkugbkJg/
fddfomkuh/ fddfzkdJ/
o&kyfaz:onf =a;Hglkug oJg;kdth fg,kug/
a;mkuglkug oJg;kdth fg,kug/
ovif;ausmuf =;kKiH odJhcG bdJhztg/
o'u =jkGgfgrK/
omaygif;nmpm; =;fgkuh ;fgkdfgJg/ oHgiG
;fgkuhJg/
om,monf =zkG[Ggbkuh/ ifhrdfhbkug/
zkGskfg ifhrdfhbkug/
omvGefonf =;t/ ;ta;Kh/ a;Kh;t/
om;ydkufaumif =afarHh rkdfhskynH/
oGm;ykwfavvGifh =kJlkyhbmkyh iyodJh/
kJldJ kJadfh/
odomonf =;kdthoJg iJpJh/ oJg;kdth
iJpJh/
okHn =rfgqkfg/
oli,fjyefonf =zkdJlfg zkGvdJh/
fddf lfgz,GvdJh/
olpdrf; =lrkGg [t cyjtg sKjug/ lrkGgiGh/
om;a& =nf/ nf,du/
om;&Jwd&dp>mef =jkGgbkyg jkGgbkdfhnH/
olemðyq&mr =ifrfbkxt aH,fg
lrkGgcmycGh/
olykef =lrkGg afgoKgcf cHcf/
ol&Jabma-umifonf =jfgrdtg/
olv#dK =lrkGg bdflkH oFzJh/
lrkGgoFkatg/
aocsmonf =jkfhjkJg/
aopm;aoaptrde@f =idJh;dJhaGg
'kuzky/
aooyfonf =ifhrdfh jkfhjkJg/ ifhrdfh
ifh[Gg/
aomua&mufonf =jkGgakH jkGgakdfh
eGg/ jkdtheGg jkGgakH jkGgakdfh/
aomtcg =eyhsdtg fgvGh/ eyh fgvGhsdtg/
aomh =cKakf/
oHóud; =cHgl;dJg jkKoG/
oHacs;wufonf =jkKoG oJgyg/
oHcsyfumum; =;kuhzG [KjkKoG/
oHajcusif;cwfonf =akfbfg vfh[kxtg sf
adfeuh jkKoG/
oHajcusif; =vfh[kxtg adfeuh jkKoG/
oHql;óud; =cHgl;dJg jkKoGcdf/
oHvkduf =jkKoGsJ/
oHvkduftdrfajrmif =jkKoG sJ,kHh/
oHa0*&onf =iJpJh cdfg;kdfg idf
skJ/ iJskJodfg skyidf jkGgiF/
oHo, =,kFsky jkfhjug/ ,kFJg jkfhjug/
oHo,uif;onf =;kJ,kF jkfhjug ugjug/
oHo,jzpfonf =fgomkuh ;kJ,kF jkfhug/
odk@ygv#ufESifh =nHhsdtg kJrK/ nHhsdtg
jfg[tgrK/
odk@r[kwf =jugbfg/ jugrK/
odk@aomfvnf; =jfg[tgrK/
odk; =iyby/
oufqkdifonf =eGgadfh sf/ eGgrkGh sf/
oufawmfapmifh =lrkGgug lkKsky
112
iGomkuhlrkGg/
oufwe@f =cdJhbkxt ;fgu cf/
oufwrf; =fgsfg ugoHh/ jkGgsfg ugoHh/ fgsfg
fgoHh/ fgsfg jkGgoHh/
oufjyif;csonf =iGbkxt jkfhvdJ/
iGjkfh iGbkxt/
oufom&m&onf =skyeGg jkGgnmyhiG/
skyeGg jkGg,fvGg/ skyeGg ;kJ,f
vGgakfg/
oufomonf =nmyhiG/ ,fvGg/ ,fvGgakfg/
oufaocHcsuf =jkGgvdf bdfodJg
skykath jdfl;y/ jkGgvdf
;kdthl;y/
oufaocHvufrSwf =;ygbfjJh vdfjdf/
oufaojycsuf =jkGg[tg;kdth vdfjdf
l;y/ jkGg,kHh;kdth vdfjdfl;y/
oufOD;qHydkif =jkGgjGhsky lrkGgrkdtg
iGomkuhlrkGg/
aomufpm;aysmfyg;onf =Jguh vdfbkug/
oif =skGg/ kJidu/
oauFw =jkGgfgbf fgjJh/ jkGgbf jkGgjJh/
oif-um;ay;onf =kJidu skylkJ/
kJidu iJpJh skylkJ/
oif-um;ydk@csonf =kJidujkfh skylkJ/
oifwdkif; =zkfgzkdug/
oifwef; =jkGgkJidu/
oabmF =odJhiKhnKh/
oabmFom; =odJhiKh nKhnH/
oif&dk;nGef;wrf; =;ygjfg rygsJg ;kJidu
jkfh/
opPmw&m; =jkGgvdfzK vdfjkJg/
opPmazgufonf =nKh[dfhldJ vdfzK/
bkJgl;uhldJ vdfzK/
opfawm =iwKg[Hg iwKglrHh bkyga;kGh/
opfawmðzef;wD;onf =bkJg;kKh bkJl;yh
iwKg[Hg iwKglrHh bkyga;Gh/
onf;ajc&nf =idtgodJh fgodJh/ idtgodJ
owWaA' =jkGgnH jkGg;dJg cyxy/
iGomkuhlrkGg cyxy/
aowWm =jt/
o'NgaA' ='ku fga;mkyh fg;my cyxy/
owWd&Sdonf =vFhkfh jfgrdJh ug/ ug sf
vFhkfh jfgrdJh/
owWK =lrkGh/
owWK&dkif; =lrkGhiyiKh/
oE Wmausmuf =;kK odJharkG edf
omkuh/
oE Wmu|ef; =a;F odJharkG edfomkuh/
oENdXmef =th;kdfgsJg(;kJbkJg [tpJh)/
jkGgth ;kdfgsJg/ jkGgth a;kKgsJg/
oe@f&Sif;onf =bmkuhl;yh/ zfhcGh/
oef; =idtg/ fgiyh cdJ/
ouQmqnfonf =oyhsky jfgrdJh cfh
lrkG/ [kxuiGsky jfgrdJh
cfhlrkG/
oyHynm =cyg;ygiG iynG/ bKxy iynG/
orRwEdkifiH =vHgzKa;uh odJhakJ/
orRmusrf;pm =;ygzfhcGh/
odrf;qnf;onf =ndJ[dfg[du/ ndJeJg
[du/
oGm;acgonf =vHgvdJh jfgaruh/ vHgvdJh
jfgvKh/
113
aoG;ckefE+ef; =imyglkf lmybf/
aoG;wkd;a&m*g =jkGgcmy imygodfg/
aoG;wkd;onf =imygodfg/
aoG;tkyfpk =imygbdJhztg fgbkHg/
ouU&mZf =sfgJgskJ/
owkd;om; -vHgnGh atvuhbkGh/
owkd;orD; -bKgbkxt atvuhbkGh/
oeyf -jkGgcdJg 'kxua;dth/
oajyyef; -jfgbdJhnuh/
ombm0ususawG;ac:r_ -[FgjGh fgjkGg
jkfhcf jfgskJg jkfhjkJg/
oa&yGJ -rfg[Fh;Hh/ lkJ;Hh jfgvujug/
omul -aKhbHh [yg[dJg/
omvdum -oHgiwKg byha;f/
om; -,dJg/ nHlrkGgvHh/
om;pyf+cH -jfgrGaHh ;kJl;mkuharH/
om;arG; -jkGgnH jkGg;dJgcFg/
om;orD; -nHlrkGgvHh nHlrkGgbKg/
odcsifonf -iJ,kF iJpJh/
okawoeðyonf -bdflkHh bkJbdf
iJpJh/ bdflkHh zfhbdf iJpJh/
okb&mZm -lrkGg uglkK ;kxthvHg/
ol -Gg/
olckd; -lrkGgJgkatg/
olckd;aps; -a;GcGhkatg/
oli,fcsif; -vuheKiduh/
oli,fema&m*g -lfgzkG jkGgcGh jkGgcmy/
oli,fem&dk;aysma&m*g -lfgzkG jkGgcGh
armyzkG jkGgcmy/
olwdk@ -Ggiyh/
olwdk@udk -Ggiyhsdtg/ [t Ggiyh/
olwdk@. -GgiyhjGh/ GgiyhpJh/
olawmif;pm; -lrkGg amkyhJg[fh -Jg/
olemðy -lrkGg aH,fg/
olr -bKgbkxt/
ol&Jaumif;yDoonf -ifhrdfh vHgnGhkfh/
vHgnGh vFhkfhzG/
ol&Jabma=umifol -lrkGg jfgrdtg/
aocsmaponf -sKhbkJg jkfhjkJg/
aowrf;pm -lrkGgidJh fgjkGg rfhadf;yg/h
aowrf;pmjzifhtarGay;cJhonf -[dJadfh
HhzGh sf jkGgidJh ;yg rfhadfh/
ao'%f -jkGgeGg cGhidJh/
ao'%ftrde@fcsonf -[dJjkfh 'kuzky
jkGgeGg cGhidJh/
aoewf -cysdfg/ cypkfg/
aoajr}uD;&Sifa&$xD; -idJhomkuhkJh
omkuhlrkGg omkuhzKndfg/
aoma=umifh -nHhsdtgrK/ nHhsdtg vHgvdJh/
oHZmum -jkKoG jfglrJh/
oHr%d -jkKoG vdflrdJh/
oHa,mZOf -jkGgbkugsky/ jkGgiG
,kKgsky/
oH&kH; -jkGgvdfjdf akJ;H/
oufu,f -jfgkdJh/ vdfndJ[du
iGomkuglrkGg/
ocFsmynm -[mfiynG/
oifykef;acsonf -eJgjkfhadfh jkGg;kJ
iJoJg/ l;mkuhadfh jkGgiF/
oifhonf -juhbkJgnHh/ juhskyeGg/
aomifjyif -kJgiuhvHg [t odJh a;uhoFh/
odkif;óud; -l;dJg ;kJcfh efaGg/ l;dJg
114
cfhef;mu/
opfukvm;tkwf -arKakdfh euhoHh/
opPmqkdonf -kJoJg 'kuvdfzK/
opfawm -iwKg[Hg bkyga;Gh/
opfawmoDd; -iwKgidthiGg/
owWdAswd -jfgrdJh vFhkfh/
owWKa=um -lrkGha;df/ lrkGhrmy/
okwfajcwifonf -a;dfgadfhlrdfh/
a;dfgjfgnfh adfhlrdfh/
oefaumif -,kfh(,kfh [t kKaHh)/
oef;ºuG,folaX; -lrkGg[Hg,f eGif
eGafg[Jg/
oef;aumifpm&if; -zfgrfh Jgodtgl;K
lrkGgskJ/ lrkGgskJl;K zfgrfh/
odrf;iSuf -;kfh/ oHg;kfh/
oGm;yGwfwH -;kJoF vHgvdJheuh/
oGm;zkH; -vHgvdJhl;dJ/
aoG;vSL&Sif -lrkGgbkJg ;Hhimyg edfgzGg/
[yfpyfonf =idfnFg;Hh/ juhnFg;Hh/
[efvkyfonf =zkdJbkJg,K/ zkdJ,K/
bkJg,K/
[efyefvkyfonf =zkdJlt,K/
fddflt,K/ bkJglt,K/
[efaqmifonf =zkdJhomkuh,K/ a;Hg
omkuh,K/ a;mkugomkuh,K/
[efyeftrlt&m =jkGgaHakf zkdJ
zkdf/
[dwf[efxkwfonf =zkdJ[Hg ,K;Jhlt/
zkdJbkJglt/ zkdJifh rdfhlt/
[def;onf =jfgqK/ xK (nkatgvyhxK)/
[kwfrSefonf =juheGg/
[kefonf =iHg/ fgiHg(fgiGgiHg)/
[kef;[kef;awmufonf =akdfhodfg ;kdth
;yh/ akdfhodfg lrkfgku/
[kdw,f =cyhlrkJkyg/ kygcyhlrkJ/
[Donf =(jfgiy) lrkfg/
[e@fwm;onf =bkJgjkfhjkFh/ bkJg[yh[dfh/
[kac:onf =GnHhsdtg/ GnHhdJh/
[kwfrSefa-umif; =juheGgrK/ juheGglrG/
[kwf[yf =bkf;fgauh/
[kdt&yf =[tsdtg jfgzy/ [tsdtg jfgadJh/
a[mfeef; =kuh/ zKndfgkyg/
[yfonf =(jkGhnH) Jg ygey/ akHlkGh
(bygakHlkGh)
[kwfuJh =Kg/ fg bkfh/
[Hk;yif =cdtgrybkK/
a[monf =kKjfgrfh/ lkugoJg;mku/
kJoJg ;mkusJg/
a[mifonf =Kg(omyg Kg)/
a[mufonf =vK(jfgvdJh vK)/ iGlrkuh
cdug/ ugbdJh iGlrkfg/
[nfonf =lrkfg[rFg(jfgcdfh lrkfg[rFg)/
[muGuf =jkfh[fh/ jkfh[fhaHh/
a[mudef;xkwfonf =lkugoJg;mku
jkuomGhbf/
[kdif'&dk*sif"gwf =ktTg[rugzdJg cyxy/
[if;csdKr+e@f =Jgimy cFhbFg/
[if'lbmom0if =kyg[kHg jkGgzK eGhnH/
[Gef; =;kJzyglrkfg/
[[[[[
115
[kd;vif;wausmf =;kdth;yh oJg;kdth/
;kdth;yh odfgnug/
tykdif; =fgadJh/ fgjkFh/ fgjkFhamkug/
tpdyf =fgaryg/ fgarKh fgaryg/
tpdyftykdif; =fgadJh fgaryg/ fgaryg
jkFhamkug/
twGif;a&;rSL; =vHg[dfh/
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; =lkauh(lmkuh)ztg
vHg[dfh/ fgztgztg vHg[dfh/
tpdk;& =vmy/
trde@femcHjcif; =jkGgsky[fh 'kuzky/
trdef ='kuzky/
trsKd;om;jzpfa&; =jkGgomkuh odfgsky
odJhakJnH/
trsKd;om;jzpfa&;Oya' =jkGgomkuh
odfgsky odJhakJnH Hlfgjyg/
trskKd;oDR;tcGifhta&; =lrkGgbKg fgjkGg
vmfdfg/
tvkyform;tcGifhta&; =lrkGgbkJg jkGgnH
fgvmf fgdfg/
tm%m =,Jglrkug/
tm%mokH;&yf =,Jglrkug vfgcdJ idtgztg/
tm%mcGJa0a&; =jkGgeJhadJh ,Jglrkug/
tda¹EN =cfhlrkG ifhrdfh/
tcsdef =cdtvGh/
tcsdeftcg =fgcdt fgvGh/
tm%mcsifhcsdefr+ =jkGgzkdfgeJh ,Jglrkug/
tm%m&Sifpepf =,Jglrkug edfgzGg
vfh;kJa;uh/
tm%m&Sif =,Jglrkug edfgzGg/
tm%mydkif =eGgjGhsky ,Jglrkug/ lrkGjGh
sky ,Jglrkug/ ugsky ,Jglrkug/
tm%mydkiftzGJ =lrkGgjGhsky ,Jglrkug
fgl;K/ ugsky ,Jglrkug fgl;K/
t&dyf =,kugkxtg/ ,kugfkxtg/ fgkxtg/
tkyfcsKyfa&; =jkGglt jfgry/
tkyfcsKyfa&;tm%m =jkGglt jfgry
,Jglrkug/
tawG;tac: =jkfhcf jfgskJg/
tawG;tac:&Sif =jkfhcf jfgskJg edfgzGg/
toif; =jkGgaH/ aHnH/
tzGJ@ =fgl;K/
tzGJ@0if =l;KnH/ lrkGgl;KnH/
tpnf;ta0; =jkGgugaH/
t,l0g' =jkGgzkHh,kF rdua;uh/
todtrSwfðyjcif; =jkGg[dfgbfg jkuhsky/
jkGg[dfgbfg iJpJsky/
ta-umif;t&m =jkGgrJg jkGgadfh/
jkGgrJg jkGga;uh/ fgrJg fgadfh/
atmifyGJcHonf =vdfskyeGg jkGglkJodfg/
vdfskyeGg jkGgbkJglkJ/
t&yfa'o =zyjfglrf/ fgvfh;kJ jfglrf/
tE W&m,f =jkGgeGgcGh zkdJhzFg/ jkGgeGg
cGh eGgskfg/ jkGeGggidJh jkGgeGgbkJ/
tm&kH =iJpJh jfg,Jg/ jkGgiJpJh jfg,Jg/
tm&kHa-um =rmyomug iJpJ jfgh,Jg/ iJpJh
jfg,Jg rmyomug/
tm&kHpl;pkdufr+ =iJpJh jfg,Jg fgjkGg jfgskJg
,kfh/ iJpJh jfg,Jg fgjkGgbdf
odJg,kfh/
ttttt
116
tcsJufjy =jkGg,kHh;yhl;y/ jkGg[tg;kdth
l;y/ jkGg,kHh ;yh;kdtl;yh/
tm;emjcif; =jkGgjfgrkGh zfgzt/
tm;emonf =iJjfgrkGh zfgzt/
tvkyftudkif =jkGgndJ jkGgbkJg/
tHh-oonf =jfglkfg vdJiG/ jfglkfg
vdJiHg/ vdJiHg vdJiG/ fgjfglkfg/
tokH;ðyonf =sKhJgsky/ sKhomkuhsky/
zfgJgsky/ sKhsky/
t,ltq=zkHh,kF jfg,Jg/ jkGgzkHh,kF
jfg,Jg
trsdKK;om; =lrkGg;kHgbdJh/
tacsmiform; =lrkGgbkJg Jg[fh/ lrkGgbkJg
Jgl;Gg/
tvkyform;vlwef;pm; =lrkGgbkJg jkGgnH
jkuhztg/
trsdKK;om;awmfvSefa&; =lrkGg;kHgbdJh
jkGglt odfgjuh/
trsdKK;om;'Drkdua&pD =lrkGg;kHgbdJh [ygbug
afgrJgwyg/
tapcH =vuhlfgzkG ;kJsKh/ ;Hg;J/
lrkGgvdf jkGgsKhJg/
tajrmuf(vuNm%m)x-l;KlrK/
tekwf ( ? )= =rmkyhadfh/
taygif; ( ? )+ =l;K/
tpm; ( ? )=Hh =eJhadJh/
tydkif; ( ? )½ =jJaryg/
tEG,fwlvlrsdKK;pk =bdJhidfnH/
tr+xrf; =lrkGg[dfg vHgnH/
txl; =[Gg;t/ a;Kh;t/
ta&S@zuf =eGoJg/ zyoJg/
taemufzuf =eGskxth/ zyskxth/
ta&mifwifonf =eGg;fg/ bkJg;fg/
ta&miftqif; =fg;fg jkduhztg/
tcef; =[KaHh/ ruhaHh/
t&Sdef=;kHgkGh/
tiftm; =kGhrJg/
tu =;Jh/ yg;Jh/ Jg;Jh/ jkGgJg;Jh/
tqkdwifoGif;onf =kJcug [dfgsdth/
[dfgsdth jkGgkJeGg/
t&Sdefjyif;pGm =;kHgkGh cKhpfgzkK/ ;kHgkGh
lrdfhpfgzkK/
t,ltqusKKK;ausmfr+ =jkGg,y eysdth
jkGgzkHh,kF jfg,Jg/
t}uHtpnf =jkGgzdfg jfgryg/
tHqGJ =zmygruh/
t&yf =zy/
ta&S@t&yf =zyoJg/
tr+tcif; =fgbH fgrfg/ jkGgomkuhodfg
fgvHg fgvdJh vfhcdJ/
taxGaxGv$wfawmf =fgztgztg l;Fl;uh/
ta&mif =fg;fg/
ta-umif;rlum; =fgrJg nHhdJh/ fgrJg
nHhsdtg/
tckd;taiG@ =fgvkatg fgimy/
tqdyftawmuf =fgzFg fgl;kG/
tyl"gwf =fgakH cyxy/ jkGgakH cyxy/
tylydkif; =fgakH vfh;kJadJh/ fgakH
aFhadJh/ jkGgakH aFhadJh/
tpdkiftcJ =fga;kK fgvkath/
tjref =fglrdfh/
tcGifhta&; =fgvmf fgdfg/
117
t&if;&Sif =fgrfh edfgzGg/
t&m&Sd t&mcH =Hh[Hg HhvHg/ lrkGgvdf[Hg/
lrkGgomkuh[Hg/
t&m&Sd =lrkGg[Hg lrkGgvHg/
tESpfom& =xyaHh eJhcG/ xycG/ xyaHh
;fgcf/ xyaHh zkK,kfh/
t&if; =fgrfh/ fgvfhcdJ/
tajccHOya' =Hlfg[yg vfhcdJa;kKg/
twnfðyonf =eJga;kKgbfg/ eJga;kKg
eJgbfg/ eJga;kKg odfgbfg/
twnfðycsuf =eJga;kKg bfgl;y/
tqkdðycsuf =kJcug sdthl;y/
t,lcHv$m =;ygamkyh vdfodfg/ ;ygamkyh
nmyhodfg/
tusifhpm&dwW =skJjkGgug jfgryg juha;uh/
iHgiG jkGgug jfgryg juha;uh/ jkGgug
jfgryg juha;uh/
ta&;,lonf =ndJfgrJg/ ndJjkGgiF/
tusifh =fgjkGgug jfgryg/
t&nftcsif; =jkGgzkdf skJ[Gg/ jkGg
zkdf jkGg[Gg/ jkGgzkdf[Gg bkJgsK/
t&nftaoG; =jkGgzkdf imyg[Gg/
jkGgzkdf[Gg bkJgeG/
ta&twGuf=[dfbfeGg/ jkGg[df bfeGg/
tjzpfrSef =jkGgomkuhodfg juheGg/
tjypfay;ta&;,l =ndJjkGgiF [dJjkfh
jkGgzygrkdfg/
tcGifhtm%m =fgvmf ,Jglrkug/
tr+udpP=jkGgbH jkGgrfg jGhpJh/ fgvHg
fgvdJh omkuhodfg vfhcdJ jGhpJh/
tpD&ifcHpm =;ygjfgryg [dfg;kdthodfg/
;ygjfgryg/
taxmuftxm; =jkGgjfgomku juheGg/
jkGgjfgomku vfhrkdfg/
tajctae =jkGgomkugodfg fgskJ/
jkGgbkJg fgskJ/ jkGgug fgskJ/
tajccHzGJ@pnf;jcif; =jkGgcKomkuh vfhcdJ/
vfhcdJ fgjkGg cKomkuh/
tvm;tvm =jkGgbdfcFg juheGg/
tuJtcwf =fg bdf fg jfg,Jg/ jkGgbdf
jfg,Jg/ jkGgbdf ;fhcfh jfg,Jg/
tajccH =fgvfh cdJa;kKg/ vfhcdJa;kKg/
trSefw&m; =jkGgzK juheGg/ fgzK juheGg/
atmifjrifr+ =jkGglkJodfg/ jkGgbkJg
omkuhodfgeG/
ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0; =jkGgrJgodfg
jkGgugaH/
toif; =aHnH/
tcGifhtm%mydkifqdkifr+ =jkGgeGg jGhsky
fgvmf ,Jglrkug/
taxmuftul =jkGgjfgomku bkJgzkdu/
tajz = 'kulkug oJgcFg/ jkGglkugoJg
;kdthcFg/ lkugoJg kJcugcFg/
tvkduf=sky[Fg/ [Fgsf/
tpDtpOf =jkGgjfgryg/
ta&;}uD; =fgrJg[Hg/ fg;ug[Hg/ jkGgrJg[Hg/
ta&;}uD;udpP -jkGgrJg[Hg jGhpJh/
ta-umif;jycsuf =[tg;kdth l;mul;y/
,kHhl;mu a;dfjuh eGgl;y/
tcrf;tem;rSL; =lrkGgjfgryg ,kHhjkfh/
todtrSwfðyonf =iJpJh eJgbfgsky/
iJpJh [dfgbfg jkuhsky/
118
trsdKK;om;pD;yGm;a&; =lrkGg;kHgbdJh
jkGgrkdfg skyodfg/
taumiftxnfaz:xkwfonf =bkJgomkuh
odfg nGoJg;kdth/
tcsKyftcsm =[Hga;kKg/
tcsKyftcsmtm%mydkifqkdifr+ = jkGgeGg
jGhsky ,Jglrkug [Hga;kKg/
tdrfeD;em;csif;=odJhakJ nKhnF;Hhg/ kygnKh
kygnFg;Hh/
tpOftvm =;kJa;uh ;kJkdfg/
;kJa;uh;kdt/ ;kJa;uh
sky;kdt/
trwf =zKndfg fglrkGg [dfg[Hg/
l;Fl;uh fglrkGg vdfjdf
lrkGg;kHg/
tawG@tóuH =jkGgbdfodJg bkJgsK/
tjrifrSm; =jkGgbdf odJgiF/
tjrifrSef =jkGgbdfodJg juheGg/
tqufjzwfonf =oKjkFhadfh jkGgl;muh
oFh/ eJg;fg jkFhadfh jkGgl;mkuhoFh/
tEkenf; =fgzkG fgskfg ;kJa;uh/
zkGskfg ;kJa;uh/
twkta,mif =jkGgomkuh ,K;Jh/ fg,K
fg;Jh/ jkGgbkJgomkuh bdfeFh ,K;Jh/
t"rR =sKhcdug/ jtjfgaf/
tyef;ajzonf =ugakath iGeG/
tpnf;t&kH; =fgl;K fgzFh/
tvkdtavsmuf =omkuhodfg [FgjGh/
ugodfg [FgjGh/
tkwfjrpfcsonf =eJgjkfh ueFg bfjJh/
eJgjkfh ueFg vfhcdJ/
t}uD;tus,f =fg[Hg fg;kdf/
touf&Sifonf =omk uhlrkGg/ iwthlrkGg/
tzGJ@0ifrsm; =lrkGgsdth l;KaHh jfgkJg/
lrkGgl;KnH jfgkJg/
txGwftxdyf =vfh;kJ odfg;th;t/
fgvdJh;t/ fg odfg;th;t/
twk,l&ef =juhbdf eFhndJ/ ;kJbdf
eFhndJ/
tqkH;owfonf =[dfgjkFhadfh/ eJgjfg
[Fgadfh/ [dfg jfg[Fgadfh/
tcsKyftcs,f =jkGglt [Keysky/
jkGg[Key iduidfgsky/ jkGg[Key
akdJhsky/
trsm;qEN =GlrkGg jkGgeGg iGl;Kg/
GlrkGg jkGgeGgiG/
tkwfwHwkdif; =ueFg jfgrG/
ta&;ydkif =lrkGgltvHg/ lrkGglt
jkGgrygvHg/
tyk'f =;yglrkul;K/ fglrkul;K/
lrkubf/
tkyfcsKyfa&; =jkGglt jfgry/
atmifyGJcHjcif; =jkGgvdf skyeGg
jkGgbkJglkJ/ jkGgvdf skyeGg
jkGglkJodfg/
tusdK;aqmif =lrkGgbkJgzkduh/ lrkGgjfg
rygbkJgzkduh/
t_rJwrf; =lkauh(lmkuh)nkat/ lkauh
(lmkuh)l;Jg/ lkauhnkat;kdt/
trSefw&m; =fgjuh fgzK/ jkGgjuh jkGgzK/
tcsif; =rfgqkfg fg;kdf/
tcsif;csif; -idf;Hh/
119
taetxm; =fgvfh;kJ ugjuh/ fgvfh;kJ
juhug/ fgjkGgug fgskJ/ jkGgug fgskJ/
tcsKyftjcm tm%m =,Jglrkug [Hga;kKg/
tepfemcHjcif; =jkGgvdf cdfg;kdfg
zkdJhzFg/
trsdK;om;'Drkdua&pD0g' =lrkGg;kHgbdJh
[ygbug afgrJgwyg rdua;uh/
trsdK;om;pD;yGg;a&;pepf =lrkGg;kHgbdJh
jkGgrkdfg skyodf juhga;uh/
trSefw&m;udkvufcHjcif; =jkGgvdfndJ
jkGgzK jkGgjkJg/ jkGgvdfndJ
jkGgzK juheGg/
trsdK;om;opPmazguf -nKh[dfhldJ
lrkGg;kHgbdJh jkGgvdfzK/
trsdK;om;opPmazguform;=lrkGgnKh[dfldJh
lrkGg;kHgbdJ jkGgvdfzK/
t&HygwD0if =lrkG jfg,Jggomkuh lfgjygnH/
lrkGg ugjfg,Jg sdth lfgjyg/
tppf -fgzG/ fgbG/
tusifhw&m; =jkGgug jfgrygjuhg zKjkJg/
atmufarhonf =jfgskJg odfgsky/ iJskJ
odfgsky/
atmifonf =lkJodfg/ lkJkK/ eGodfg
kK/
atmufusaemufusonf =jkfhnkxtg
jkfhsug/
atmif;owW0g =jkGgiG omkuhlrkGgg ug
fgaHh/
tuQ&m =;ygl;Kgbkxt/
tufOya' =GH lfg[yg/
tufuGJonf =nGadJh/ nGrJ/ lkKnG/
tif;tkdif =odJhsu odJgKg/
txWKywWd =skJrJgadfh/ skJlrkGg
rJgadfh/
tyfESHonf =[dJa;kKgadfh/
[dJ;kdfgadfh/ [dJjkfh
uga;kKgadfh/
atmtefonf =lrdfiG[Fg/
tHhqJqJ =eyhatrkGh(eyhatrkGh zdtsdtg)
jfg;y(atzdt jfg;ykK)
tdwf =lkdJh/ zkfgoKh/ lkdJhoKh[Hg/
tdwfpufonf =ugbdJh;kdfg/ ugbdJhsky/
tdrfajrmif =jkKoG sJ,kHh/
tkwftkwfusufusuf =jfgardth jfgarkG/
t&om =fgiuhruh/ fgqyg/ jkGgiuh ruhqyg/
tvSnfhus =jkfhl;tg;Hh/ jkfh;dJhaGg/
cdthvGh juhjkfh/ jkGgjkfh ;dJhaGg/
tcsKd;us =jkfhakGbkfh/ jkfheGgbkfh/
jkfhjuhbkfh/ juhbkfh/
tcsdK;usay;onf =[dJjkfh akGbkfhh/
[dJjkfh eGgbkfh/ [dJjkfh juhbkfh/
tlwlwlvkyfonf =zkdJlG jfga;H/
at;csrf;onf =jfgzH jfgzJ/ idtgarJbkugh/
at;csif; ='kukJ ktruh ,kfhsky lfgzkG/
atmf[pfonf =Gouh Gbkug/
atmfonf =Gouh/
atmfvH =cyg;ygjF/
atmif;onf =tIh (jfgcdfh tIh iwKh)/ ugmu
kJgaHh/
atmif;tif;onf =zkdJhvdf iG[uh/
zkdJhvdfh/ zkdJvdfhsky/
tif; =afgofg rfhadJg/ odJhsu/
120
tif;csonf =[dfgjkfh afgofg rfhadJg/
tHwkonf =[yhzGhcFg/ GakatcFg/ zuhaGgcFg/
tHhtm;oifhonf =jfglkfg vdJ,kF/
vdJiHg vdJigG/
trf;onf =zyh (zyhvdJidf rFh,mGg)/
tkyfzkH;onf =;kHgey;kKh/ ,dugey;kKh/
oKey;kKh/ katey;kKh/
tkyfaqmif; =jkGgvHg[K/ vHg[K/ jkGg;kJ
jfga;muhey/
tkyf&Spfyif =iwKgrygy bkK/
tkyfzGJonf =ugaH l;K;Hh/ ugl;K;Hh/
ugl;K vdJh;Hh/ ugzFh;Hh/
tkHzGJonf =edfodfg fgl;kdtg/ ug sf
fgl;kdtg/
tkHvmonf =kdfhugl;K/ kdfhl;K
jfgqkfg/
tkef;yif =bfHgbkK/
tJcsif; =kJktruh ugbdJh/
tHoGm; =vHgvGg/
(bkwf)tDoH =oHgodJhlkKg lrkfg/
tppftrSef =fgzG fgeGg/ fgzG fgjuh/
trSefpifppf =fgjuh fgeGg ;fgauh/
tðyoabmaqmifonf =bkJ;kdthoJg [t
;kJomkuh nGodfg/
t"du =fgvfh cdJ;t/ fgrJg [Hg;t/ fg;ug
[Hg;t/ fgjuh [Hg;t/
t,lcHonf =vdfamkyh nmyhodfg/
amkyhodfgnmyh/
toGiftjyif =skJ,kug fgjkGg;kdth/
skJ,kug ;kdthoJg/
tcsuf tvuf =fgbFh ;fgcf/ fgl;y ;fgcf/
fgbFh fgiGg/
tðytrl =jkGgbkJg,kug ;kdthoJg/
jkGgakHakf rHrkdfg ;kdthoJg/
tmrcHonf =th;kdfg a;kKgsky/ thbfg
a;kKgsky/ ,kFJgsky/
tusdKt-um; =fgl;Kh fgl;Gg/
tem*wf =fgsuglkfh/ cdJ fgsuglkfh/ fgsug
jfgoFh/
tpOftvdkuf =jfgakatg odth jfgakatg/
tvkd&dSonf =iJ,kF skyeGg/
t&m =jkGg [t/
tuGuf =fg[fh/
tEkjrL =cyxybFg/
tvdkqEN =jkGgiJ,kF iJ;kKh/
t*~d&wf =jkGgrkdfhoJg cyxylrkug/
tudk;tum; =jkGg;kJ bdfeFh fgrK/
tmrcHcsuf =tha;kKgl;y/ jkGth
a;kKgl;y/ jkGg,kFJg skyl;y/
trlt&m =jkGgzkdJzkdf ,kugoJg
;kdth/ jkGgakHakf rHrkdfg
,kugoJg;kdth/
tmwkr+ =jkGg[yh zGhcFg/ jkGgG akatcFg/
jkGgzuh aGgcFg/
tue@ftoe@f =jkGgeJh jkFhjkfh ugsJg/
jkGgeJhjkFh jfg[Fg ugsJg
t&G,f =fg[Hg/
txl; =;t/ ;ta;Kh/
twGuf =fgpJh/
tumtuG,f =jkGgjfg[duh jfgskfh/
jkGgjfgakGg jfg[duhsky/ jkGgbkJg
jfg[duh jkfh[yhsky/
121
tukodkvf =emykdfh rdfjug/
emykdfhzkdJh/
tukodkvftusdKK;ayonf =emykdfh rdfjug
[dJomkuhemy rdfjug/ emykdfh
zkdJh [dJomkuh emyzkdJh/
tu,fpifppf =fgbkfh ;fgauh/ fgbkfh
fgzG juheGg ;fgauh/
tuJjzwfcsuf =;fhcfh jfg,Jg eJhjkFh
bdfl;y/
tcGeftaumuf =fgbug fgrfh/
taumif;jrif0g' =bdfodJg [t fgrdf
rdua;uh/ bdfodJgjF ;kJrdf
rdua;uh/
tusdK;quf =omkuhemy zygzFh/ jkGg;kJ
omkuhemy l;Jgkdfh/ jkGg;kJ
omkuhl;Jgkdfh/
tauG@taumuf =fgjfgaKh jfgakfg/
fgakGaKh akGakfg/
tusdK;w&m; =jkGgomkuhemy zKjkJg/
tusdK;tjrwf =jkGgomkuhemy fgjkGg
omkuhnGoJg/
tusOf;csKKyf =jkGgzmygnkatg/ jkGgeJgnkatg/
tus,fw0ef;az: jyonf =lkugoJg
;kdth;kdf/ lkugoJg;kdth;yh
;kdfoJg/
t}uHtOm%f =jkGgzdfg jfgskJg/
t}uHay;tzGJ =lrkGg[dJ jkGgzdfg
jfgskJg fgl;K/
t}uHðycsuf =[dJ jkGgzdfg jfgskJgl;y/
ta-umif;rJh =jkGgrJg ugjug/ bkJgedJg/ fgrJg
fgadfh ugjug/ fgrJg eKhedJg/
ta-umif;&if; =jkGgrJg vfhcdJ/
tºuGif;rJh =jkGgugadfh jfgztjug/ ;kKhl;yh/
;kfjfga;yg/
t-uyftwnf; =jkGgjfgzKg jfgzdJh/
jkGglkdf jkGgcGh/
t-urf;zuf0g' =jkGgbkJg vfhaGg rdua;uh/
jkGbkJg zkdJhzkFg rdua;uh/
jkGgbkJg kfhvfhaGg rdua;uh/
t-urf;zufonf =bkJgkfh vfhaGg/
bkJgzkdJh bkJgzkFg/
tcrJh =fgarfh/ jkGgbkJgarfh/
jkGg[dJarfh/
tcuftcJ =fglkdf fgcGh/ jkGglkdfh
jkGgcGh/
tcif;tusif; =jkGg[Gh;kdfg vfh;kJ
;kJug/ vfh;kJ [Gh;kdfg/
tcdkuf =jfgl;tgnH fgvGh/ eyh fgvGhsdtg/
tcdkif =fgnkath/ fgzkK
tzD; -fgidJg/
tcef;quf =jkGgzmyg l;mkuhoFh fgbkfh/
fgbkfh zyhzFh/ fg[K fgjkGg zyhzFh/
tcsif;jzpfyGm;onf =jkGga;dJ'fh vdJh;Hh
omkuhodfg/
tcsif;0uf =rfgqkfg fg;kdf jfgamkug/
tcsnf;ESD;jzpfonf =omkuhjkFh[Jh/ fgjkFh[Jh/
tcsdef =cdtvGh/ fgcdt fgvGh/
tcsdefqGJonf =zmygfggcdt fgvGh/
tcsdefðzef;onf =bkJg;kKhadfh cdtvGh/
tcsKyfum; =;kuhzG [dfg lrkGgjkfhoKh/
tcsKyftcsmydkiforRwEdkifiH =vHgzKa;uh
odJhakJ [t jGhsky ,Jglrkug
122
[Hga;kKg/
tacG =efgrFgqkFg/ fgjfgqkKg/ jfgqkKg/
tiSg; = fgndJvdfh/ fg[dJvdfh/
fgndJ;kuh/ fg[dJ;kuh/ fgndJeKg/
fg[dJeKg/ jkGg[dJvdfh/
jkGgvdfhjkfh/
til=fgoFhzdth/ fgoFh zdthoJg/ jkGgoFh
zdthoJg/
tjiif;yGm;r+ =jkGgoJ jkGgarkdf/
tpðyonf =vfhcdJ zfodfg/
tpm =cGgJg/
tpD&ifcHcsuf =jfgryg [dfg;kdth
odfgl;y/
tpDtpOfa&;qGJonf =zmyg jkGgjfgryg/
tpkH =eGnHg/ fglkauh/
tpktykH =fgl;K fgl;Hg/ fgbkHg fgl;Hg/
fgl;Hg fgnGg/
tpdk@ta!Smifh =fg[dfzkG fg[dfskfg/
fg[dfzkG fgl;HoJg/
tpuf =fgbGh/ fgl;Kg/ fgl;KgadJg/
tpufajymuf =fgadJg cfl;Kg/
tcef;vkduf =fg[K sf fgjGh/ fgbkfh sf fgjGh/
fgjku sf fgjGh/
tpnf; =fga;Kh jfg;Hh/ jkGga;Kh
jfg;Hhhl;K/
tpGef; =fgoFh;t/
tqkdawmf =lrkGgktru bfgrdfg/
tqkdðycsuf =kJcug omkuhl;y/
tqkd;jrif0g' =bdfodJg jF fgrdfjug
rdua;uh/
tqufrjywf =zygzFh/ ;fgjkFhjug/
tqifhavsmhonf =eJgjkfh,dug fgjku/
eJgjkfh,dug fgbkfh/ ;fgef
jkfhadfh fgjku/
taqmufttkH =jkGgcKodfg ugl;K ugzFh/
jkGgugl;K ugzFh/ fgl;K fgl;kdtg/
taqmuftOD; =jkGgcKodfg kygndfh/
kyg[Hg ndfhoHh/ jkGgcK odfgug/
taqmif =jkGgiJ;kGg ugsky/ jkGglku
skyskJ(idf sf ugsky ;kKlkug)/
jkGg;kJ ugardth skyskJ/
tqifhomonf =fgjku ifhrdfh;t/ fgjku
odfg;t/
tqifhtwef; =fgjku fgbkfh/ fgjku fgjfh/
tqpf =fgbkfh/ fg;t/ lku;t/ ;tlku/
tqdyfyif =fgzFg fgl;GhbkK/
tnrn =jkGgjfgomku jfgcdfg vdJh;Hh/
jkGgiJ;kGg zygzFh vdJh;Hh/
t%kjrL =cyxy imyakH/
twlwuG =rkul;K;Hh/ ugrku ugl;K;Hh/
ugjktl;K vdJh;Hh/ rkuvdJh;Hh/
twkcdk;onf =bdfeFhbkJg/ bdfeFhkatg/
tawmfqkH; =fg[Gg;t/ zkdf[Gg;t/
twkdcsKyf =jkGgbkJg jkFhnkatg/ jkGgeJg
jkFhnkatg/
twkd;E+ef; =Godfg ,kGglmy/ fglmy Godfg/
twif;tzsif; =kJlkyhbmkyg iyodJh/
[df,kug lkugbmkyh/
twkdifyifcH =;kJvdf [tgpfhcFg/
twdkifyifcHtzGJh =;kJvdf [tgpfhcFg fgl;K/
twdwfumv =cdthvGh [t fg jfg;mku
adfhkK/
123
twdwferdwf =jkGg[tg;kdth bdf;mku/
jkGg[tg ;kdth;mku/ jkGg[tg;kdth
;mkusJg/
twGJ =fgnHgzFh/ fgeGnHg/ fgeGzK/ jfgeGzK/
twGif;pdwf =iGl;KgaHh/ iGl;Kg fgaHh/
tawmftwef =cfh;J/ cfh;kJ ;fgauh/
tawmftwef}uD;_yD =fg[Hg cfh;JkK/
txD;usefb0 =jkGgug ifhrdfh [t ugadfh
jF[Fg jfglrkGgjdth/ ugadfh jF[Fg/
ugjF[Fg/
txufwef;vGm =lrkGgjGhug l;Ggefg/
txifrSm;aponf -sKh jfgskJgiF/ bkJgjfg
skJiF/
txif =jkGgjfgskJg/ jkGgsJg/
xifonf =jfgskJg/ sJg/
t"du&k%f; =jkGgafgoKg akHakf cHcf/
t"dXmef =jkGgth ;kdfga;kKg/ jkGgth
a;kKgsJg/ jkGgtha;kKg
edfhjkdfhsJg/
t"dXmefðyonf =bkJgjkGg th;kdfg
a;kKgsJg/ th;kdfg a;kKgbfg/
tha;kKg edfhjkdfhsJg/
t"dyg,f =fg'ku ;fgcf/
tem*wf =cdJsug jfgoFh/ fgsuglkfh jfgoFh/
tempdrf; =jkGgqfhoJg/
tem; =fgoFh/ fgvfhcdJ/
tem;,lonf =ndJ jkGgugakat/
ugakatadfh/
tEk-urf;pD;onf =jfgry ,fJg/ ,fJg
zkGskfg/
tEkynm&Sif =jkGgzkG[Gg iynG edfgzGg/
tEkjrLAkH; =cyxyimy byglkK/
taetxm; =jkGgug jkGgcuh/ jkGgug fgskJ/
taetxm;b,fvdk&SdovJ =fgug fgcuh vfh;kJ
bkJnHhjJh?/ jkGgug fgskJ
bkJgnHhjJh?/ jkGgug jkGgcuh
bkJgnHhjJh/
tES@Ht&om =fgskxtg bFqyg/ jkGgskxtg
bFqyg/ fgskxtg iuhruhqyg/
teuf =fg,kfh/ ;kKhl;yh fga;Gh jFjfg
akatgjdth/ fg;kKg/
tenf;i,f =jfgaKh jfgayg/ jfgaygnH/
taemuft,Suf =jkGg[yh[dfh jkfhjkFh/
tylcsdef =jkGgakHbf/ fgakHbf/
tay:,H =;yh;mug [tvHg(ayg bdf;yh
;mug [t fgvHg kJbfg)/
tydkif;udef; =eJharyg jkuomGgbf/
taysmfc&D; =zdtbkuga;df/
taysmfwrf;wyfom; =lrkGgomkuh
bkuga;dfhnH/ a;dJh omkuhbkug/
tysuftpD; =fgldJ fgadfh/
tjypf'%f =jkGgiF eGgcGh/
tjynfht0 =fg;t fgefh/
tajzay;onf =[dJjkGg kJcug cFgvdJh/
kJcug cFgvdJh/
tzGJ@tpnf; =fgl;K fgzFh/ fgl;K fgbkHg/
tbd"gef ='kuzkK,fh/
trltusifh =jkGgug jfgrygbkJg/
tar; ='kucHg[dfh/ jkGgcHg[dfh/
tar;tjref; =jkGgcHg[dfh cHgjkJg/
trJom; =jkGg,dJg jkGgedfg/
trde@fa-ujimpm =;yg lkugoJg 'kuzky/
124
trde@ftm%g&Sdonf ='kuzky ,Jglrkug ug/
ugsf 'kuzky ,Jlrkug/
trsm;tusdKK; =jkGgomkuhemy [t GlrkGg
fgpJh/ emy GlrkGg fgpJh/
trsm;pk =GlrkGg/ GgbkHg/
tjrwfE_ef; -rFh nHoJg fglmy/
tjrwftpGef; -rFh nHoJ;t/
trsdK;rsdK; =fgztgztg/ fgbdJhbdJh/
trsdK;om;a&;0g' =lrkGg;kHgbdJh
rdua;uh/
trsdK;om;0wfpkH =lrkGg;kHgbdJh fgjkGgaFh
jkGgidf[duh/
trsKd;om;jzpfjcif; =jkGgomkuh odfgaky
odJhakJnH/
trsKd;om;jzpfjcif;Oya' =jkGgomkuh
odfgsky odJhakJnH Hlfgjyg/
t_rJwrf;wyf =a;dJhzygzFh/ a;dJh[Hg/
tajr‡muf =l;KlrK/
tajrmuf =bdJ/ bdJ[Hh/
tajrmuftrsm; =ugrku ugG/ ugl;Hg ugnGg/
fgugG/
tjrwf =rFhnH/ fgnHoJg/
tjrwfawmfa-u; =rFhnH fgbug/
tarGtESpf =HhzGh jfg,kG/
trSmpm =;ygbJg/
trSmpum; ='kubJg/
tr+ =fgbH fgrfg/ jkGgrJg omkuhoJg/
tr+xrf;onf =bkJgjkGg [dfgvHg/
ndJodfg jkGg[dfgvHg/
tr+onf =lrkGg ugsf fgbH fgrfg/ lrkGg
ugsf jkGgkJ eGg'ku/
tr+dufo&dkuf =fgrky fgrmuh/
trSwf =bfjJh/
trSwftom; =fgbf fgjJh/
t,lcH0ifonf =[dfgsdth ;kJamkygh
nmyhodfg/ sdthamkyh nmyhodfg/
t,kHt-unf =jkGg,kFJg/ jkGg,kFJg
pkfJg/ jkGgzkHh jkGg,kF/
t&m&Sdavmif; =lrkGgjfg ,Jgodfg [HgvHg
vfh;kJ/
t&m0xWK =jkfhbkxt jyhjkGg/
ta&;}uD; =fgrJg[Hg/ fg;ug[Hg/ jkGgrJg[Hg/
ta&;ygonf =jkGgrJg [Hgakath/ fg;ug
[Hgakath/
t&Hwyf =a;dJhakaug(amkug)sJg/
a;dJhugakaug(amkug)/
t&ufysH =odJh;kKrt/ odJhcy
lrkJvkatg imyodJh/
t&dkuft&m =vfh;kJ ;kJa;uh/ vfh;kJ
[dfg[Hg ;kJa;uh/
ta&mifpkH =fg;fg fgztgztg/
ta&miftqif; =fg;fg jkuztg/ fg;fg fgztg/
ta&mif;t0,f =jkGgJgcGh Jglrkyg/
tvSnfhusay;onf =[dJjkfh eGgbkfh/
[dJjkfh eGgkFg/ [dJjkfh sf fgkFg/
tm&k%f =bkK;yheHh/
t&yfom; =lrkGg;kHg ug[fhnH/
t&dyft¹rGuf =fg,kug fgxy/
t&G,fa&mufonf =[HgefhkK/
t&SufcGJonf =bkJjfgrkGh/
t&SHL; =jkGg;fgzkH/
tav;ðyonf =,kFpkf/ 'kKg;kdfg
125
,kFpkf/
tvJtvS,f =jkGgjfg;Kh jfg;dfg/
tvHvGifhonf =kFodfg eGg;Gg/ cKodfg
eGg;Gg/
tvkdvkdufonf =;kFgarmkuh bkJbkuskyg/
;kFgarmkuh fg iGl;Kg/ lkujfg
rdusky/
tvif;a&mif =fg;yh;fg/ fg;yhcf/ jkGg;yh
fg;fg/
tavmif; =;kxthjkug/ jkGgjfg ,Jgomkuh/
tvpfokwfonf =ndJkatg vdJadfh/
ndJkatg a;dfadfh/
tvkyf-urf;ESifhaxmif'%f =jkGgbkJgcKh sf
oKh jkGgeGgcGh/
tvkH;t&if; =fgl;KzFh fgbkHg rkuG/
fgl;Hg fgnGg/
tv,fA[dk&f =xyaHh a;fhbJh/ fga;fh
bJhaHh/
tvGef =cF;Fh/ jfg;mu cF;Fh/
tvGJokH;pm;onf =sKhJg iFzktg/ sKhJg
vuadfh/ zfgJg iFzktgadfh/
tvSnfh =aJg/ juhaJg(skGg juhbkJgaJg)/
eGkFg/ jkfhjuhaJg/
tvSnfhusonf =juhjkfh l;tgaJg/
juhjkfhaJg/
ta0;odk@ =[t fg,kdJg/
t0wfwefqm =;kJaFhidf jfgakxtg
jGgeGh/
toem;cHvGm =;ygamkyh iJ,kKgodfg/
toa&zsufonf =bkJgldJbmkyh
bkJgldJ bygiGg/
tom;!Syfr+e@f =aKbHh ,dJgl;Gg/
tom;wiftjrwf =rFhnH ;toJg/
todpdwf =iGl;Kg iJpJh/
todOm%f =jfgskJg jfgrdJh fgjkGg iJpJh/
tod tu|rf; =iJpJhsK vdJh;Hh/
tokb =;kxthjkug/ ;kxth/
tol&u,fbkH =;kxthakJ bKrfg/
taocHwyf =a;dJhvdfidJh/
toHcsJhpuf =zGzyg lrkfgcdug/
toHcGuf =;kJkJ eGgeJh/
toufu,favS =iwKga;dJh vdf[dfg
omkuhlrkGg/
touf}uD;ol =lrkGgsfg[Hg/ lrkGgsfglrkG/
toifh&Sdonf =ug jfgrygsJg/
tokH;ðyonf =sKhJgsky/ sKhzfg Jgsky/
tokH;0ifonf =fgrdf ;kJ sKhJgsky/ fgjuh
;kJsKh zfgJgsky/
tokH;tE+ef; =jkGgkJeGg zfgJg ;kfh'ku/
jkGgsKhJg 'kuiGg/ jkGgrfh;yg
sKhJgsky ;kfh'ku/
tonf; =idtg/
tumo =lfgidtg ;yh;Hh/
twk -fg,K fg;Jh/ bdfeFh,kug/ jkGgefeFh/
tmcHonf =vdfoJcFg/ jkdfharJcFg/
vdfbkJgcFg/ zuhaGgcFg/ GakatcFg/
tumo'kH;ysH =lfgidtg ;yh;Hh cy;H/
tmCw =iGl;Kg afg[ug/ iGl;Kgakfg/
iGl;KgcGh/
tmZenf =vHgnGh jdf,kug/ bKgbkxt
jdf,kug/
tmZenfAdrmef = vHgnGh jdf,kug
126
vfh;kJkuh/
tm%modrf;onf =kKhl;KnJg ,Jglrkug/
tmwdwfpuf0kdif; =fgjyv oFhjfgqkfg/
tmywfajzonf =amkyhl;mkuh jkGgiF/
tm&Swkduf =Jcdfh a;Fefg/
tmom =jkGgiJ ,kFJg/
tm[m&"gwf =jkGgomkuhkGh omkuhrJg
cyxy/
tm;upm; =kGhrJg jkGg;fgqKh/
tm;usonf =iJ,kFakath/ iJ;kKhakath/
tm;ay;onf =[dJkGh/
tm;jznfhonf =bkJgefhkGh/
tm;vyfcsdef =cdtvGh ugakat/ cdtvGh
ugauh/
tm;vkH;aygif; =eJgl;K ;kKhl;yh/
l;K;kKhl;yg/
tDauGwm =kJvHg [yheuh/
tl =lrkdfh/
tlonf =Kgbkug(omyg Kgbkug)/
atmfajymonf =GouhkJ/
tHhtm;oifhonf =jfglkfg vdJ,kF/
tkdrif;rpGrf; =bkxtlrkG sky;fjug/
tkdvHypf =kJgvHg fgjkGg ;fgqKh/
tkd;xdef;onf =lrkGgedf [yhlkKg/
tkd;at;ppf =vfh;kJ iyidth(vfh;kJ
iyidth [t odJhcG jfgbf
;fgrkHg)/
tkd;pnf =oKhnGhoHh/
tkd;rJh tdrfrJh =cugh[ugh kyglrG/ kyglrG ugjug/
tufonf =nGrJ/
atmufajc =fg;kGh vfhcdJ/
atmufvrf;q&m =ifrf ;ugnKg/ ifrf
fkxtnmy/
atmufvrf;ynm =jkGg;ugnKg iynG/
atmufpD*sif"gwf =KwygzdJg cyxy ;kJiG/
tdkufpuD;rkd;vlrsdK; =tTwfayhbu lrkGg;kHg
bdJztgh/
t*Faw =;kKomyyh uefg/
t*Fawudkifonf =edf ;kKomyyh uefg/
edf sf ;kKomyyh/
tif*sif =zG;kJ;kHg arFgarKh/
tif*sifeD,m =lrkGgzkdf cKomkuh/
lrkGgzkdf zGarFgarKh/
tifysOf =oJg;dfefg/ oJgjfgarkG/
tifyg,m =akJ;kdf zygzFh/
tifO =arFgarkdfh/
tiftm;}uD;EkdifiH =akJkGh rJg[Hg/
tif;qJydk;r$m; =iynH arkGomkug/
atmifyGJ =jkGglkJodfg/ jkGgeGodfg/
atmifjrifonf =bkJgodfgeG/ bkJgomkuh
eG/ bkJlkJeG/
atmifvufrSwf =;ygbfjJh lkJodfg/
tpPvmrf bmom =ywfg;fgb fgjkGg zKeGh/
tdwf =ldJh/ ldJhoKh[Hg/
tdwfaxmif =zkfgoKh/
tkwfºuGyf =ueFg arHefg/
tkwfcJ =ueFg/
tkwfjrpf =ueFgrmy/ ueFg vfhcdJ/
tE Wmwdwfpuf0dkif; =fjfgjyv oFhjfgqkfg/
tyf =oG/
tyfcsKyfpuf =zGcGjkGg/
tyfESif;onf =[dJjkfh a;kKgadfh/
127
tdyfarG@csonf =fkxt;uhg ugbdJh/ fkxt
ugbdJh;uh/
tdyf&mvdyf =;kJbdJheug/
tkyfpk =fga;K fgbkHg/ fgl;K fgbkHg/
tkyfcsKyfonf =ltjfgry/
tkyfpkzGJ@onf =ugodfg sf fga;K fgbkHg/
ugl;Kodfg sf fga;K fgbkHg/
cKl;Kodfg fgl;K fgbkHg/
tdrfiSg;c =vdfhkygaGg/ kygvdfhaGg/
tdfrfwufr*Fvm =cKhryg odfg kygiGh/ odfg
kygiGh/
tdrfa&S@rif;om; =zKndfgnH juhodfg
zKndfg vfh;kJa;uh/
at;aq;onf =fgidtg fgarJh/ fgidtg
jfgzkH/ idtgarJh
at;onf =jfgzkH jfgzdJ/ jfgzkH/
fgjfga;Hg/
at;at;aq;aq;aeonf =ugidtg ugarJh[Fg/
ugjfgzkH jfgeG[Fg/
thHbG,f =;kJjfglkfg jkGgjfgskJg/
;kJjfglkfgg iHgiG/ jfglkfg
;kJjfgskJg/
tuQm&mocsmF =;ygl;Kg[mf/
tkduf =akJakH/
tifyif =jfgoKhbkK/
tOD;tzsm; -fgrJ;t/
twWpdwf -iJ(iG);kKh bdfrdf
jFpJhjdth/ iJ(iG);kKh iJ,kF
jFpJhjdth/
tdrfpm =;yg;kJ akfgkt/ ;yg akfgkt [t
kyg/
tdrfaxmif =kygndfh/ kyglrG/
tdrfaxmifpk =kygndfhnH/ kygndfh nHl;K/
tdrfaxmifOD;pD;ol =lrkGgltsky
kygndfhnH/
t,f'Dwm =lrkGgbdfzJh jfgrygrdf ;yg/
t,f'DwmcsKyf =lrkGgbdfzJh jfgrygrdf
;yg[Hga;kKg/
tr+vkyfonf =kJeGg sf 'ku/ kJeGg 'ku/
bkJg fgbH fgrfh/
taumufcGef -fgrfh fgbug/
tausmay;onf -[dJ;trJ fgbf/
tusifhygonf -ug sf ;kJa;uh jfgrygbkJg/
tus,fcsKyf -jkGglkFnmyh/ jkGglkF
[Knmyh/
tusnf;wef -bkxteHhbkdf/ nGheHhbkdf/
skJ,kug eHhbkdf/
t=urf;buftkyfcsKyfonf -ltjfgry sf
jkGgbkJg vfhaGg/
taºuG; -skxtcHg/ cHg/
tcdkuf -eyhsdtgvGh/ eyhfgvGh/
tcsLd; -fgakG/ fgbkfh/ eGbkfh/
tcsKd@ -jfga;Ka;K/ jfgkJgkJg/
tcsufay;onf -bkJglrkfg;kdth/
tcspf -iJ(iG);kKh bkugsky/
iJ(iG),kF bkugsky/
tcspfawmf -;kJbkugsky/
tcsnf;ESD;jzpfonf -fg omkuhjFh[Jh/
tcsnf;ESD;bJ -fg jFh[JhlrG/
tcsdefem&D -zGjfgrkyh cdtvGh/
tcsdefrSpI -zfodfg cdtvGh eyhsdtg/
tcsdeftydkif;tjcm; -cdtvGg fgjkGg
128
eJhadJhvu/ cdtvGh fgl;Gg/
tcsKyftcsmtm%mydkifvGwfvyfaomeKdifiHawmf
-odJh;kJ akJvHg eGgeFg;fh [t
jGhsky ,Jglrkug a;kKgbfg/
tajcusonf -uga;kKg cKbfg/
tcGifhóuH óudufonf -jkfhcFg ndJsky
fgvmf/
tajccHjzpfonf -fg omkuh vfhcdJ
;kJa;uh/
tpma=uaq; -jkGgvHg bkJgbFg cGg/
tpmiwfcHqENjyjcif; -vdfugqkyh rK
[tg;kdthodfg ;kJiJ(iG),kF/
tpmacsonf -iKnkathl;Gg/ bkJgbFg cGg/
tpm;xkd;onf -eJgsdth;dJh/ eJsdth
;dJhaGg/
tpmra=ua&m*g -cGgJg bFgjug jkGgcmy/
tpmtdrf -nkath/
tpmtdrfa&m*g -nkathjkGgcmy/
tapmifhta&SmufcHwkdif;jynff -odJhakJ
vdfeGg jkGguglkK akdJhsky/
tprf;avhusifhr_ -jkGgzfh bkJgarduh
(armkuh) jfgrygrJ/
tpGef;a&mufol -lrkGg jfgskJglkGh
jfgadJhjdth/
tqkdtrde@f -jkGgkJeGg fg'kuzky/
taqmifta,mif -fgvdJh ;kJarduh
(armkuh) ugjfgryg/
tqkwfa&m*g -iHgjkGgcmy/
tqdyfajyaq; -jkGgvHg ,fgugbkJ fgzFg
fgl;kG/
tqkH;tpr&Sdaom -[t fgvfhcdJ fgjfg[Fg
ugjug/
twkvkyfjcif; -jkGgbdfeFh bkJgoJg fg,K
fg;Jh/
tawmrowfeJdifaom -[t ;kJeJg jfg[Fg
eGjug/
tawmftoifh -cf;kJ jfgayg(fg ugcf;kJ
jfgayg)/
twdkaumufpmvkH; -;ygl;Kgnkatg/
twkdif;twm -fg[Hg fg;kdf/ jkGgjJh fg[Hg
fg;kdf/
twGif;a&;jzpfaom -jkGrJgg [t fgaHh
jfgadJh/ fgaHh jkGgrJg/
tawmtwGif; -eyhsdtg fgvGh/ eyh
fgvGhsdtg/
tawmftwef -;fgauh cf;kJ(ugG ;fgauh
cf;kJ)/
t"dyg,fzGifhqkdcsuf -jkGglkugoJg fg;fg
cfl;y/
tem;uGyf -fgoFh jfgqkfg/
tEl -jkGgcmy oJgjH/
teHtvsm; -fg;kdf fgoHh/
teH@cHonf -skxtgidfh/ vdf;kFg
skxtgidfh/
tESdyfonf -lrkGgzyg/
taygifqdkif -a;G;kJ lKJg/
taygifypPnf; -jkGgakat lKJg/
typftcwf&yfpJ&efoabmwlnDcsuf -;kJvG
vdJhlfh ;Hhjug iGl;Kg sdthaHhl;y/
tygwfpOf -lkaujfg cyh[yh/ lkaujfgsmyh/
tjypfzkd@onf -[dfg jkGgiF/
tjyeftvSefpum; -'ku [tgpfh akfgvdJh
129
kdfhpJh;Hh/
tzkd -fgnGh/
tzsm;&SHL;oGm;onf -fgvdJh zdthvdJhadfh/
tar;tajz -'kucHg[dfh 'kulkugcFg/
trsdK;jcif;wlonf -fga;mkyh idf;Hh/
fgbdJh fgztg idf;Hh/
trsKd;rsKd;tpm;pm;jzpfaom -[t fgomkuh
fgbdJhbdJh fgztgztg/
tarsmftjrif&SdpGm -ugsf jkGgbdfodJg
jfgskJg ,kdJg;fh/
tarSmifcs jcif; -jkGgeJgjkfh vyadfh/
trSwfw&ypPnf; -jkGhbkxt jyhjkGg
;kJiJ skJodfg/
trSwf&aponf -bkJg;kJ jkuhsky/
ta& cGHvJonf -fg jfgl;mu fgaKh/ fg
jfg;dfg fgnf/
ta& jym; -fg,dJgnf/
ta&;w}uD;ud pP -jkGgrJg rJg[Hg jGhpJh/
t&dk;pk -armyarfhl;K/ armyarfhl;Hg/
ta&mifc|wfonf -bkJgl;yhadfh fg;fg/
ta&mifu|wfonf -fg;fg ;fglku/
t&nfaysmfonf -fgodJh zkHg/
t&SLH;ay;0g' -vdf;fgzkH rdua;uh/
tvdkawmf&d -lrkGg arduhlku oKgsky/
tvdyf -fgeug jfga;Hh/ jfga;Hh/
tvkyfce@fonf -sKhjkfha;kKg jkGgbkJg/
tvkyfcGif -jkGgbkJaHh/
tvkyfxkwfypfonf -sKhoJgadfh jkGgbkJg/
tvkyf&Sif -jkGgbkJg edfgzGg/
tvkH;pkH -lkauhjfgztg/ ;kKhl;yh/
tvSjyifqdkif -a;G jfgryg jkduhskJ/
tvSL&Sif -jkGgbkJg;Hh edfzGg/
tvSqD -iHl;kKskJ/
t0DpdwGif; -odJha;Fg/
tom;rm -fg jfgl;Kg lrdJhoJg/
tom;0ga&m*g -nf,dJgedfh jkGgcmy/
todynm -jkGgiJpJh iynG/
toHwkefonf -fg lrkfg jfgpkfh/ 'ku
jfgpkfh/
toHvGifhonf -l;mkuhlrkfg akxthoJg/
touf -jkGgiG omkuhlrkGg/ fgsfg/
touf&lusyfonf -iG iG[Fg/ iGjfgzdJh/
touf&Snfonf -fgsfgoHh/ fgomkuhlrkGg
pkJh/
tgugo,OfvGwfwifonf -l;mkuhakxth
odfg iKhnKh ;y;Hh [t lfgidtgvHg/
tgacgif -akdfhaHh/
tm;enf;onf -kGhzkG/
tg;ay;ESpfodrfhonf -[dJ kGh bkJgbkuhsky/
tgvl; -ardtgjfg;Hh/
tl -lrkfh/
tlonf -Jgbkug/
tlusa&m*g -lrkfhjkfh jkGgcmy/
[dJgjkfh jkGgcmy/
tHhtm;oifhonf -jfglkfg vdJ,kF/
tHhtm;oifhonfhtcsuf -jfglkfg vdJ,kF
l;y/
tufoH -lrkfgnG/ 'ku lrkfgnG/
fglrkfgnG/
t*FvdyfvlrsLd; -aHh;fheHh lrkGg;kHg
bdJhztg/
t*F0dZ…mtwwf -;fhcfh eJhadJh skJ,kug
130
fgjkGzkdf/
atmifEdkifol -lrkGgcflkJ/
atmifoG,f -nHzkKg/
tdwf -ldJh/ ldJhoKh/
tdwfaxmif -zkfgoKh/
tefpHwkH; -nfarmy/
tyfcsnfóud; -;dtg;kJcG/
tdyfcef; -;kJbdJh[K/
tdyfaq; -jkGgvHg ugbdJh/
tdrfcef; -kyg[KaHh/
tdrfaxmifonf -lrkGg jkfhkyg jkfhlrG/
lrkGg ugsf nHbJh nHqkGg/
tdrfaz: -lrkGg lkKardth kyg/
T =dJh/ nHhdJh/
TuJhokd@ =nHhdJhrK/
Tòrd@ =qkyhdJh/
Tae&m =vfh;kJ eydJh/
Tr# =efdJh/
Tta-umif;a-umifh =dJhfg rJgadfh
vHgvdJh/
TuJhodkhjzpfv#if =aygomkuh nHhdJhrK/
Tr#avmufeSifh =sf efdJhbfg/
TodkhjzpfI =bkJnHh dJhrK/
{u =kJgvHg vfh;kJ;kdf/ jfg;kdf/
sdJh;kdf/
{u&mZfrif; =zKndfg vHg[Hg/
{&mr =[HgpfgzkK/
{uefrkcs =bkfhjkfhjkJg/ bkfh;fgauh/
{nfhóudonf =GcFg cyhlkdJ/
{nfhcHonf =bdfvmGgcFg cyhlrkdJ/
{nfhcef; =cyhlrkdJ[K/
{nfha*[m =cyhlrkdJ kygkuh/
{nfh0wfa-uonf =bdfvmGgcFg cyhlrkdJ
;tefh/
{u&D =zKndfg kuhvfhbkxt/
{&d,m =jkGgjfg qkfg;kdfaHh/ jfgqkyh
jfgqkfg fg;kdfaHh/
O =fg[dJg/ fgjkdJ/
Oonf =[dJgoJg/ jkdJoJg/
Oa%Smuf =vHga;KskKh/
Oyrm =fgrK/
Owk =;GhiGg/
Oyk'fapmifhonf =uglkK [kxtg/ [kxtg/
OuUX =vHgzK/
Oya' =Hlfgjyg/ ;kfh'ku tha;kKg/
'ku,kHhzK/
Oya'-urf; =Hlfgjyg iyidthlfhh/ ;kfh'ku
tha;kKg iyidthlfh/ 'ku,kHhzK
iyidthlfh/
Oya'u|rf;usifol =lrkGg zkdflkJ Hlfg
jyg/ lrkGg zkdflkJ ;kfh'ku
tha;kKg/ lrkGg zkdflkJ
'ku,kHhzK/
TTTTT
{{{{{
OOOOO
131
Oya'csKd;azgufonf =bkJgl;uhldJ Hlfgjyg/
bkJl;uhldJ ;kfh'ku tha;kKg/
bkJgl;uhldJ 'ku,kHhzK/
Oya'ESifhqe@fusifonf =cfaug sf Hlfgjyg/
cfaug sf ;kfh'ku tha;kKg/
cfaug sf 'ku,kHhzK/
Oya'ðytm%g =,Jglrkug ;kJrfhzmyg
Hlfgjyg/ ,Jglrkug ;kJbkJgomkuh
;kfh'ku tha;kKg/ ,Jglrkug
;kJbkJgomkuh 'ku,kHhzK/
Oya'abmif =Hlfgjyg jfgqkfg fgaHh/
;kfh'ku tha;kKg jfgqkfg fgaHh/
'ku,kHhzK jfgqkfg fgaHh/
Oya'yg&*lbGJ@ =Hlfgjyg fgjkGg zkdf[Gg
vHg;t jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg/ ;kfh'ku
tha;kKg fgjkGg zkdf[Gg vHg;t
jfgrdJh a;kKbfg/ 'ku,kHhzK
fgjkGg zkdf[Gg vHg;t jfgrdJh
a;kKgbfg/
Oya'r[m0dZ…mbGJ@ =Hlfgjyg fgjkGgzkdf
[Gg[Hg jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg/ ;kfh'ku
tha;kKg fgjkGg zkdf[G[Hg jfgrdJh
a;kKgbfg/ 'ku,kHhzK fgjkGg
zkdf[G[Hgg jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg/
Oya'0dZ…mbGJ@ =Hlfgjyg fgjkGg zkdf[Gg
jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg/ ;kfh'ku tha;kKg
fgjkGg zkdf[Gg jfgrdJh a;kKgbfg/
'ku,kHzK fgjkGg zkdf[Gg jfgrdJh
a;kKgbfg/
Oy"d&kyf =skJa;kK,kug fgjkGg ;kdthoJg/
OyuQmðyonf =ndJiGgjug/ bdfeGvHg/
Oaygufonf =nHnG/
Orifvkd%facgif; =cugaHhoHh/ ;kfhaHhoHh/
O,smOf =jfgrGnGg/
O,smOfrSL; =lrkGgbdf vmGgsky jfgrGnGg/
Oa&mywkduf =dHrulf a;Fhefg/
O0yfonf =katsky [dJg/
Oo#pfyif =iwKgry ybkK/
O-o =zG;kJ zmyglrkfg/
O-oiSuf =oHglyhlu/ oHg[yhlu/
Oya'jyXmef;a&; -jkGg[dfg;kdth lkugoJg
Hlfgjyg/
Oya'jyKvGwfawmf -l;Fl;uh fgjkGg
rfhzmygoJg Hlfgjyg/
Oya'jyKtzGJh -lrkGg rfhzmyg Hlfgjyg
fgl;K/
Oya'rJhwkdif;jynf -Hlfgjyg jkdt;JgakJ/
OD;acgif; =vHga;K/
OD;csKd =fgskKg/
OD;aqmifðyvkyfonf =,kHhlt jfgrygbkJg/
bkJedfkFh/ ltedfkFh/
OD;aqmifonf =lt,kHh/
OD;wnfonf =;kJzdtjuh/ ;kJ;kHgjuh/
OD;wnf&mvrf;a-umif; =a;df [t
;kJzdtjuh/
OD;xkyf =vHga;mkuh/
OD;aESmuf =vHga;KskKh/
OD;a& cGH =vHga;Knf/
OD;}uD; =nGh[Hg;t/
OD;OD;OD;OD;OD;
132
OD;av; =nGh[Hg/
OD;aqmifvkyfonf =lt,kHh bkJgedfkFh/
OD;onf =skyeGg rJ;t/ fgrJ;t/ fgpJh;t/
OD;zsm; =fgvHg;t/ fgrJ;t/
OD;a& = fgodJh rJ;t/ skJlrkGg/
jkGg[dfbf [t ugefjJh/
ODaqmiftzGJ@ -lrkGglt,kHh fgl;K/
OD;pD;tzGJ@ -lrkGglt ,kHhsky fgl;K/
OD;aqmifr_ -jkGglt,kHh/
. =Gg/ fgjGh/ fgjkGg/
-o0g' ='kujkuhbf/ 'kukJidu/
-o0g'ay;onf =[dJ 'kujkuhbf/
-obmay;onf =jfgardth jfgarkG
oHgiGodfg/
-oZm ='kujfgrdJh/
-oZm&Sdonf =ug sf 'kujfgrdJh/
'kujfgrdJh ug/
-oZmvGrf;onf ='kujfgrdJh ;kHgey/
-oZmoD; =iwKgiGg jfglrH/
-oZmtm%g ='kujfgrdJh ,Jglrkug/
-oZmtm%g&Sdonf =ug sf 'kujfgrdJh
,Jglrkug/
-obmoH =jkGgoHg iGodfg fgjkGlrkfg/
oHgiG odfglrkfg/
I =rK/ sdtgrK/ dJhrK/
Y =eyhsdtg/ eyhdJh/ sdtg/ vGhsdtg/
ÁÁÁÁÁajENajENajENajENajEN -jkGgcfhlrkG cfhoKh/ jkGgzkdJ
cfhlrkG/ jfgrdJh cfhlrkG/.....
-o-o-o-o-o
IIIII
YYYYY
ÁÁÁÁÁajEajEajEajEajE
133
jkGg,kHh;kdth afgdfh ;kyg'ku fg;fgcf sf afgdfh ;kyg'ku/jkGg,kHh;kdth afgdfh ;kyg'ku fg;fgcf sf afgdfh ;kyg'ku/jkGg,kHh;kdth afgdfh ;kyg'ku fg;fgcf sf afgdfh ;kyg'ku/jkGg,kHh;kdth afgdfh ;kyg'ku fg;fgcf sf afgdfh ;kyg'ku/jkGg,kHh;kdth afgdfh ;kyg'ku fg;fgcf sf afgdfh ;kyg'ku/
afgdfh ;kygnH bfg fg;yg fg;kGg ugjug [t afg;Hlfh rK jkGgrfhbf rfhjJh 'ku
lrkfgoJg sdtg fg ugjug/ nHhsdtgrK zkHhiJkJ lrkfgoJgsdtg fg ugzkdflrG/ [t zkHhiJkJ
lrkfgoJgsdtg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfgaKh jfgayg jfg[tgrK fg;ku ;fgcfsdtg fg idf;HhlrG/
fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-iGsf iJ. lrkGgjfglrkGg sdtg vuhpkf fg kJ sf iGarFh;fhh. cdJlkfh fg
kJ sf iJarFh;fh lrG/ vuhpkf fg kJ sf iG,kKgsky. cdJlkfh fg kJ sf iJ,kKgsky
lrG/ vuhpkf fg kJ sf iG,kF. cdJlkfh fg kJ sf iJ,kF lrG/ nHhsdtgrK iG sf
iJ sdtg fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfgayg jfg[tgrK sKgJg fg'ku ;fgcfbfg idf;HhlrG/
fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-cygl;G sf cHgl;G. lrkGgjfglrkGg sdtg vuhpkf fg kJ sf lkHcygl;G.
cdJlkfh fg kJ sf lkHcHgl;G lrG/ nHhsdtgrK cygl;G sf cHgl;Gbfg fg'ku ;fgcf
idf;HhlrG/ jfg[tgrK jkGgnH jkGg;dJgsdtg fgskxt fgcHg ugjugrK sKhJg sf cygl;G.
lrkGg;kHgsdtg ugsf fgskxt fgcHgrK sKhJg sf cHgl;Gbfg fgrdflrG/
fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-zK sf wK. lrkGgjfglrkGg sdtg vuhpkf fg kJ sf zKbfgrdfg. cdJlkfh
fgkJ sf wKbfgrdfg nHhsdtgrK zK sf wK bfg fg'ku ;fgcf idf;HhlrG/ jfg[tgrK wK
sdtgbfg kJeGgzkdf lfgaFh fg'ku rKjF lkugoJg suglrG/ zK sdtgbfg afgdfh ;kyg'ku
[tsHg [tifglfh nHhsdtgrK sKhJg zK bfg fgjuh fgeGg a;KhlrG/
lkGg afgdfh ;kygnH bfg jfg[Kh sf jfg[Kh fgjkGg kJeGg bfg fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh
jkGgkJ -eGg zmygodfg zmyg;kdfg vu;Hh. jkGgkJeGg jfg;kfh vu;HhlrG/ sKJg idf;Hh
;ygl;Kgbkxt jfg[tgrK sKhJg lrkfgbkxt sf lrkfgnH sdtgrK jFfglrkfg oJgvulrG/
jfgnkat jfgvdfg bfg sKhJg vu;Hh ;ygl;Kgbkxt jfg[tgrK fg'ku ;fgcf idf;Hh bfg fg
ugzkdflrG/
fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-[dJ sf dJ. jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ sf [dJ qfh. jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ sf dJ
qfh lrG/ nHhsdtgrK [dJ sf dJ bfg fg;fgcf idf;HhlrGg/
fgrKfgrKfgrKfgrKfgrK-,Kh sf dKh. jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ sf fg ,KhpfgzkK. jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ sf fg
dKhpfgzkK. nHhsdtgrK ,Kh sf dKh bfgfg'ku ;fgcf idf;HhlrG/
fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-qy sf lmy. jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ sf jfgayh jfgqy. jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ sf
jfgayh jfglmy. nHhsdtgrK qy sf lmy bfg fg;fgcf idf;HhlrG/
fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-bdf sf bkfg. jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fg kJ qfh bdf. jfg[Kh[Kh bfg fgkJ qfh bkfg.
nHhsdtgrK bdf sf bkfg bfg fg;fgcf idf;HhlrG/
afgdfh ;kygnH sdtg jfgbth sf jfgbth. vfh;kJ jfgnug sf jfgnug sdtg fgjkGg
kJeGg lrkfgoJg vu;HhlrG/ sKhJg idf;Hh ;ygl;Kgbkxt jfg[tgrK sKhJg lrkfgbkxt.
134
lrkfgnHsdtg fgvu;Hh lrG/ aygbdf 'ku lrkfgoJg vu;Hhbfg fg ug idthztg/ 'kuzyskxth.
'kuzyodfg. sf 'kuzyoJg lrG/ 'kuvfhcdJ ;ygl;Kgbkxt bfg idf;Hh jfg[tgrK
sKhJgvu lrkfgbkxt. lrkfgnH rKjF lrkfgoJg vu;HhlrG/
fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-ekxt. et. sf euh. 'kuzyskxth kJ sf ekxt jfg[dfg. 'kuzyodfg kJ
sf et jfg[dfg. 'kuzyoJg kJsf euh jfg[GglrG/ nHhsdtgrK ekxt. et. sf euh
fg;fgcf idf;HhlrG/
fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-nkath. nthlrkGgvHh. sf nkuh. 'kuzyskath kJ sf nkayhbkxtlrkG.
'kuzyodfg kJ sf nthlrkGgvHh bkxtlrkG. 'kuzyoJg kJ sf nkuhbuglrkGg lrG/
nHhsdtgrK nkath. nth. nkuh sdtgbfg fg;fgcf idf;HhlrG/
fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-fgrK-bkxt. bt. sf bug. 'kuzyskxth kJ sf qfhbkxt. 'kuzyodfg kJ sf
qfhbt. 'kuzyoJg kJ sf qGhbuglrG/ nHhsdtgrK bkxt. bt. sf bkug sdtgbfg fg;fgcf
idf;HhlrG/
afgdfh ;kyg'ku bfg 'ku [t fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfg[tgrK fg;fgcf idf;Hh. 'ku
[t fg lrkfgoJg atrkGh idf;Hh jfg[tgrK fg'ku ;fgcf vu;Hhsdtg fg ugG ;uhlrG/
'kuzyskxth. 'kuzyodfg. sf 'kuzyoJg bfg fg lrkfgoJg vu;Hh jfgaKh jfgayg jdthlrG/
Gjfgayg jkGgsKhJg idf;Hh ;ygl;Kgbkxt. jfg[tgrK sKhJg lrkfgbkxt sf lrkfgnH
sdtg fgvu vdJh;Hh rK jFlrkfg vuvdJh ;HhlrG/ nHhsdtgrK aygrfh oJg;kKh sf 'ku
dJh idthztg
bfg fglkdfh ;fhlrG/ nHhsdtg fgvHg fgvdJh W;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcfW;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcfW;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcfW;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcfW;ygl;K lkugoJg bkdfg'ku ;fgcf
sf afgdfh ;kyg'kuEsf afgdfh ;kyg'kuEsf afgdfh ;kyg'kuEsf afgdfh ;kyg'kuEsf afgdfh ;kyg'kuEdJh jfg[dJ fgaHh sdtg rfhoJg lrGjF sf 'kuzyskxth jdthlrG/
nHhsdtgrK lrkGg kJeG 'kuzyodfg. 'kuzyoJg iyhjfgkJg. nHh atiJ pJhrdf fg'ku
;fgcf sdtg bdf;fgkdfh eyh ;yg dJh jfg[dJ fgaHh eyh W'ku [t fglrkfgoJg vu;HhW'ku [t fglrkfgoJg vu;HhW'ku [t fglrkfgoJg vu;HhW'ku [t fglrkfgoJg vu;HhW'ku [t fglrkfgoJg vu;Hh
jfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'kujfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'kujfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'kujfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'kujfg[tgrK Hh sKhJg idf;Hh fg'ku ;fgcfE ;fgcfE ;fgcfE ;fgcfE ;fgcfE sdtg eyh ;ygefg bfjuh( ) sdtg jfgayg/