bureau of indian standards manak bhavan, 9 …10239-10307)_23052016.pdf · bureau of indian...

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar

Marg New Delhi 110002

Phones 2323 0131 TeleFax +91 11 2323 1192 Website :www.bis.org.in

2323 3375 Extn 4284 email : [email protected]

व ‍यापक‍परिचालन‍म‍मसौद

रलख‍रषण‍सञापन

तकनीकी‍सममतत‍ईटी‍10

............................................................................................................................................ रषती :

1. ईटीडी 10 क सभी सदस य

2. वियत तकनीकी विभाग परिषद क सभी सदस य तथा 3. चि िखन िाल अन य सभी ननकाय

मह दय,

कप या ननम नलल खखत मस द की एक रनत सलग न ह :

रलख शीषषक

ईटीडी 10 (10239) घडी की बटिी - विलशटट

ईटीडी 10 ( 10240) षािीय मगनीज डाइऑसाइड सल - विलशटट

ईटीडी 10 (10242) राथलमक बटरिया - ललचथयम बटरिय की सिषा ईटीडी 10 (10244) राथलमक बटरिया - जलीय इलर लाइट क साथ बटरिय की सिषा ईटीडी 10 (10245) षणदीप - विलशटट

ईटीडी 10 (10307) राथलमक बटरिया - भ नतक औि विधतीय अपषाए

कप या इस मस द का अिल कन कि औि अपनी समनतया यह बतात हए भज कक अतत यदद य

मानक क प म रकालशत ह जाए त इस पि अमल किन म आपक ि यिसाय अथिा काि बाि म क या कदिनाइया आ सकती ह ।

समनतया भजन की अनतम तािीख: 20-07-2016.

समनतया यदद क ई ह त कप या अगल पष ि पि ददए पर म अध हस ताषिी क उपरिललखखत पत पि

भज द ।

‍‍ ‍सदभ ददनाक

ईटीडी 10/ टी – 2, 5,6,8,9,13 20-05-2016

यदद क ई सम मनत राप त नही ह ती अथिा सम मनत म किल भाषा सबधी रदट हई त उपि क त रलख

क यथाित अनतम प ददया जाएगा । यदद क ई सम मनत तकनीकी रकनत की हई त विषय सलमनत

क अध यष क पिामशष स अथिा उनकी इि छा पि आग की कायषिाही क ललए विषय सलमनत क भज

जान क बाद रलख क अनतम प द ददया जाएगा 1। कपया न ट कि कक मस द की तकनीकी विषय िस त क सल ननत नही ककया गया ह क यकक य

मस द आई. ई. सी. मानक क समप ह । विस तत ब य ि क ललए कपया सबचधत िाष रीय राक कथन

म उललखखत आई. ई. सी. रकाशन पढ अथिा अध हस ताषरित क सपकष कि ।

धन यिाद,

भिदीय,

( डी ग स िामी ) िञाननक एफ एि रमख (वियत तकनीकी)

सलग न : उपरिललखखत


Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar

Marg New Delhi 110002

Phones 2323 0131 TeleFax +91 11 2323 1192 Website :

www.bis.org.in

2323 3375 Extn 4284 email : [email protected]

DRAFTS IN WIDE

CIRCULATION

DOCUMENT DESPATCH ADVICE

Reference Date

ETD 10/ T- 2,

5,6,8,9,13

20-05-2016

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ETD 10

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ADDRESSED TO:

1. All Members of Primary Cells and Batteries Sectional Committee, ETD 10

2. All Members of Electrotechnical Division Council; and

3. All other Interested.

Dear Sir(s),

Please find enclosed a copy of the following draft Indian Standard:

Doc No. Title

ETD 10 (10239) Watch Batteries – Specification

ETD 10 (10240) Alkaline manganese dioxide cells specification

ETD 10 (10242) Primary Batteries- Safety of Lithium Batteries

ETD 10 (10244) Primary Batteries - Safety of batteries with aqueous electrolyte

ETD 10 (10245) Flashlight- Specification

ETD 10 (10307) Primary Batteries Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications

Kindly examine the draft standards and forward your views stating any difficulties which you

are likely to experience in your business or profession, if these are finally adopted as Indian

Standards.

Comments, if any, may please be made in the format given overleaf and mailed to the

undersigned.

Last date for comments: 20-07-2016.

In case no comments are received or comments received are of editorial nature, you will

kindly permit us to presume your approval for the above documents as finalized. However,

in case of comments of technical in nature are received then it may be finalized either in

consultation with the Chairman, Sectional Committee or referred to the Sectional Committee

for further necessary action, if so desired by the Chairman, Sectional Committee.

Thanking you,

Yours faithfully

(D.Goswami)

Sc ‘F’ & Head (Electrotechnical) Email: [email protected]

Encl : See attachment.

Date Document No.

20-05-2016 Doc: ETD 10( 10239, 10240, 10242,

10244, 10245, 10307 )

Sl.

No.

Name of the

Organization

Clause/

Sub-

clause

Paragraph/

Figure/Table

Type of

Comment

(General/

Technical/

Editorial

Comments Proposed

Change

Doc: ETD 10 (10239)


DRAFT FOR COMMENTS ONLY

(Not to be reproduced without the permission of BIS or used as a STANDARD)

Draft Indian Standard

WATCH BATTERIES – SPECIFICATION (First Revision of IS 11675)

Last date for receipt of comments is: 20-07-2016

0 Foreword

1 (Formal clauses will be added later)

1 SCOPE This standard specifies dimensions, designation, methods of tests and requirements for

primary batteries for watches. In several cases, a menu of test methods is given. When

presenting battery electrical characteristics and/or performance data, the manufacturer

specifies which test method was used. 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES

The following referenced documents are in dispensable for the application of this

document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,

the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

IS No.

Title

Doc ETD (6901)

Primary batteries–General

Doc ETD (10242)

Primary batteries–Safety of lithium batteries

Doc ETD (10244)

Primary batteries Safety of batteries with aqueous

electrolyte.

3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IS 6303as well as

the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1 Capacitive reactance

Part of the internal resistance that leads to a voltage drop during the first seconds under

load.

3.2 Capacity

Electric charge (quantity of electricity) which a cell or battery can deliver under

specified discharge conditions.

NOTE The SI unit for electric charge is the coulomb (1 C = 1 As) but, in practice, capacity is usually

h5

h1/h

2

1

expressed in ampere hours (Ah).

3.3 Fresh Battery

undischarged battery 60 days maximum after date of manufacture

3.4 Ohmic Drop

part of the internal resistance that leads to a voltage drop immediately after switching the

load on.

4 PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Battery dimensions, symbols and size codes

Dimensions and tolerances of batteries for watches shall be in accordance with Figure 1 ,

Table 1 and Table 2. The dimensions of the batteries shall be tested in accordance with

7.1.The symbols used to denote the various dimensions in Figure 1 are in accordance

with Doc ETD (10307), Clause 4.

Dimensions in millimetres

II 0,1

d4

(–)

0,05

(+)

d2

<10

d ≥10

0,05

0,1

d1

Key

h1 maximum over all height of the battery

h2 minimum distance between the flats of the positive and negative contacts

h5 minimum projection of the flat negative contact

d1 maximum and minimum diameter of the battery

d2 minimum diameter of the flat positive contact

d4 minimum diameter of the flat negative contact

NOTE this numbering follows the harmonization in the IEC60086 series.

Figure1–Dimensional drawing

Table1–Dimensions and size codes

Diameter

d4

Height h1//h2

Codea

d1

Toleranc

e

Code a

10 12 14 16 20 21 25 26 27 30 31 32 36 42 54

Tolerance

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0, 10 -0, 15 -0, 15 -0 ,18 -0, 20 -0, 20 -0,2 0 -0,20 -0 ,20 -0, 25 -0, 25 -0,25 -0,25 -0 ,25 -0,

25

4

4 ,8

0 -0, 15

1,65

2 , 15

5

5,8

0 -0, 15

2,6

1,05

1,25

1,45

1,65

2 , 15

2 ,70

6

6 ,8

0 -0, 15

3,0

1,05

1,25

1,45

1,65

2 , 15

2,60

7

7 ,9

0 -0, 15

3,5

1,05

1,25

1,45

1,65

2 , 10

2,60

3, 10

3,60

9

9 ,5

0 -0, 15

4,5

1,05

1,25

1,45

1,65

2, 05

2 ,70

3,60

11

11,6

0 -0,20

6,0

1,05

1,25

1,45

1,65

2, 05

2,60

3, 05

3,60

4 ,20

5,40

12

12,5

0 -0,25

4,0

1,20

1,60

2, 00

2,50

NOTE Open boxes in the above matrix are not necessarily available for standardization due to the concept of overlapping tolerances.

a See Annex A .

Table2–Dimensions and size codes


Diameter

d4

Height h1/h2

Codea

d1

Tolerance

Codea

12 16 20 25 30 32

Tolerances

0 –0,20b

0 –0,20b

0 –0,25b

0 –0,30b

0 –0,30b

0 –0,30b

16

16

0 –0,25

5,00

1,20

1,60

2,00

2,50

3,20

20

20

0

–0,25

8,00

1,20

1,60

2,00

2,50

3,20

23

23

0 –0,30

8,00

1,20

1,60

2,00

2,50

24

24,5

0

–0,30

8,00

1,20

1,60

3,00

NOTE Open boxes in the above matrix are not necessarily available for standardization due to the concept of over-lapping tolerances.

a See Annex A.

b To be reduced in the future.

4.2 Terminals

Negative contact (–): the negative contact (dimension d4) shall be in accordance with

Tables 1 and 2.This is not applied to those batteries with a two-step negative contact.

Positive contact (+): the cylindrical surface is connected to the positive terminal.

Positive contact should be made to the side of the battery but may

be made to the base.

4.3 Projection of the negative terminal (h5)

The dimension h5 shall be as follows:

h5≥0,02 for h1/h2≤1,65

h5≥0,06 for 1,65 < h1/h2 < 2,5

h5≥0,08 for h1/h2≥2,5

NOTE the negative contact should be the highest point of the battery.

4.4 Shape of negative terminal

The space requirements shall be contained within an angle of

45°(seeFigure2).The minimum values of l1,for different heights of

h1/h2,aregiveninTable3.

h1/h

2

l1

d1 45º

IEC 156/11

Figure 2–Shape of negative terminal

Table 3–Minimum values of l1


h1/h2 l1 min

1<h1/h2≤1,90 0,20

1,90<h1/h2≤3,10 0,35

3,60≤h1/h2≤4,20 0,70

5,40≤h1/h2 0,90

4.5 Mechanical resistance to pressure

A force F(N),as specified in Table 4, applied for 10s through a steel ball of 1mm

diameter, at the centre of each contact area, shall not cause any deformation prejudicial

to the proper functioning of the battery, i.e. after this test, the battery shall pass the tests

specified inClause7.

Table4–Applied force F by battery dimensions

Battery dimensions Forc

e d1

mm

h1/h2

mm

F

N

<7,9 <3,0 5

≥3,0 10

≥7,9 <3,

0

10

≥3,0 10

4.6 Deformation

The dimensions of batteries shall conform with the relevant specified dimensions at all

times including discharge to the defined end-point voltage.

NOTE1 A battery height increase up to 0.25mm can occur in B, C, L and S systems, if discharged below this voltage.

NOTE2 A battery height decrease can occur in B and C systems as discharge continues.

4.7 Leakage Undischarged batteries and, if required, batteries tested according to 7.2.6 shall be

examined as stated in 7.3.The acceptable number of defects shall be agreed between the

manufacturer and the purchaser.

4.8 Marking

4.8.1 General The designation and the polarity shall be marked on the battery. All other markings

may be given on the packing instead of on the battery:

a) Designation according to normative Annex A, or common;

b) Expiration of are commended us age period or year and month or week of

manufacture;

The year and month or week of manufacture may be in code. The code is composed by

the last digit of the year and by a number indicating the month. October, November

and December should be represented by the letters O, Y and Z respectively.

EXAMPLE

41: January 2014;

4Y: November 2014.

c) polarity of the positive(+) terminal;

d) nominal voltage;

e) name or trade mark of the supplier;

f) cautionary advice;

g) caution for ingestion of swallowable batteries shall be given. Refer to Doc ETD

(10244)

NOTE1 Battery marking should not impede electrical contact.

NOTE2 Examples of the common designations can be found in Annex D of Doc ETD (10307).

4.8.2 Disposal Marking o f batteries with respect to the method of disposal shall be in accordance with

local legal requirements. 5 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS

5.1 Electro chemical system, nominal voltage, end-point voltage and open-

circuit voltage The requirements concerning the electro chemical system, the nominal voltage, the end-

point voltage and the open-circuit voltage are given in Table 5.

Table 5–Standardised electro chemical systems

Letter

Negative electrode

Electrolyte

Positive electrode

Nominal

voltage

(Vn)

V

End-point

voltage

(EV)

V

Open-circuit voltage (UOC orOCV)

V

Max. Min.

B Lithium(Li) Organic electrolyte Carbon mono

fluoride

(CF)x

3,0 2,0 3,70 3,00

C Lithium(Li) Organic electrolyte Manganese di oxide

(MnO2)

3,0 2,0 3,70 3,00

L Zinc(Zn) Alkali metal

hydroxide

Manganese di oxide

(MnO2)

1,5 1,0 1,68 1,50

S Zinc(Zn) Alkali metal

hydroxide

Silver oxide(Ag2O) 1,55 1,2 1,63 1,57

5.2 Closed circuit voltage Ucc (CCV), internal resistance and impedance

Closed circuit voltage and internal resistance shall be measured according to 7.2.AC

impedance should be measured with an LCR meter.

Limit values shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

5.3 Capacity

The capacity shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser on the basis of

a continuous discharge test lasting approximately 30 days, according to 7.2.6.

5.4 Capacity retention

The capacity retention is the ratio between the capacities under the given discharge

conditions measured on fresh batteries and a sample of the same lot stored during 365

days at (27±2)°C and a relative humidity between 45% and 75%.

The ratio of capacity retention shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the

purchaser. The minimum value should be at least 80% for a period of 12 months. The

capacity measurement is carried out according to 7.2.6.

6 Sampling and quality assurance

6.1 General

The use of sampling plans or product quality indices may be agreed between manufacturer

and purchaser. Where no agreement is specified, the options in 6.2 and/or 6.3 are

recommended.

h1/h

2

6.2 Sampling

6.2.1 Testing by attributes

When testing by attributes is required, the sampling plan chosen shall be in accordance

with relevant Indian standard. The individual parameters to be tested and the acceptance

quality level (AQL) values shall be defined (a minimum of three batteries of the same type

shall be tested).

6.2.2 Testing by variables When testing by variables is required, the sampling plan chosen shall be in accordance with

the relevant Indian Standard. The individual parameters to be tested, the sample and the

acceptance quality level (AQL) shall be defined.

7 Test methods

7.1 Shape and dimensions

7.1.1 Shape requirement The shape of the negative contact is checked preferably by optical projection or by an open

gauge according to Figure 3.

The measurement method shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

l1

d1 45°

IEC 157/11

Figure 3– Shape requirement

7.2 Electrical characteristics

7.2.1 Environmental conditions Unless otherwise specified, the sample batteries shall be tested at a temperature of

(27±2)°C and a relative humidity between 45% and 75%.

During use, batteries maybe exposed to low temperatures; it is therefore recommended to

carry out complementary tests at (0±2)°C and at(–10±2)°C.

7.2.2 Equivalent circuit–effective internal resistance– DC method Resistance of any electrical component determined by calculating the ratio between the

voltage drop ΔU across this component and the range of current Δi passing through this

component and causing the voltage drop R = ΔU / Δi.

NOTE As an analogy, the internal d.c. resistance Ri of any electro chemical cell is defined by the following relation:

Ri()ΔU(V)

(1)

Δi(A)

U

U

U

U(t

)

U'

The internal d.c. resistance is illustrated by the schematic voltage transient as given

below in Figure 4.

U1(i1)

U2=f(i2,t)

U2(i2)

∆t ∆t' t

t1 t2 t3

Figure 4– Schematic voltage transient

As can be seen from this diagram, the voltage drop ∆U of the two components differs in

nature, as shown in the following relation:

∆U=∆UΩ+∆U(t) (2) The first component ∆UΩ for (t=t1) is independent of time (ohmic drop), and results from the increase in current ∆i according to the relation:

∆UΩ=∆i × RΩ (3)

In this relation, RΩ is a pure ohmic resistance. The second component ∆U (t) is time dependent and is of electro chemical origin (capacitive reactance).

7.2.3 Equipment The equipment used for the voltage measurements shall have the following specifications:

– accuracy: ≤0,25 %;

– precision: ≤ 50 % of last digit;

– internal resistance: ≥ 1MΩ

– measurement time: in the tests proposed in the following sub clauses, it is important

to make sure that the measurement is taken during the flat period

of the voltage transient (see Figure5 ). Otherwise, a measurement

error due to the capacitive reactance may occur (lower internal

resistance). The time t' necessary for the measurement shall be brief in comparison to t, and the

measurement equipment compatible with these criteria.

U

1

2

3

4

t

t

Key

1 open-circuit voltage Uoc (OCV)

2 effect of capacitive reactance

3 closed circuit voltage Ucc(CCV)

4 Δt'(measurement Ucc)

Figure 5–Curve:U=f(t)

7.2.4 Measurement of open-circuit voltage Uoc(OCV) and closed circuit voltage Ucc(CCV)(seeFigure6)

1 V

2

Key

1 Reading Ucc/Uoc

2 Rm resistance of measurement

Figure 6– Circuitry principle First measurement Uoc: The switch is left open while this measurement is being carried

out.

Next measurement Ucc: The battery being tested shall be connected to the load Rm.The switch shall be left closed during the duration ∆t according to Table 6.

Table 6–Test method for Ucc(CCV) measurement

Test method Battery with KOH electrolytea All other batteries

Rm Ω

t s

Rm Ω

t ms

Ab 150±0,5% 1±5% 1500±0,5% 10±5%

Bc 150±0,5% 0,5–2 470±0,5% 500–2000

Cd 200±0,5% 5±5% 2000±0,5% 7,8±5%

NOTE Rm should take into consideration the resistance of the connection lines of the battery being tested and the contact resistance of the switch. a Application with high peak current.

b Method A (recommended test): requires specialized test equipment.

c Method B: to be used in the absence of method A test equipment.

d Method C: to be used only by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

7.2.5 Calculation of the internal resistance Ri

The internal resistance may be determined by the following calculation:

U -U Ri=

oc cc

Ucc/ Rm

NOTE The relation Ucc/Rm corresponds to the current delivered through the discharge resistance

Rm(see7.2.4).

7.2.6 Measurement of the capacity

7.2.6.1 General

There are two methods for measuring capacity: – The recommended method is method A, which is more indicative of watch

requirements; method B is a more general method and is already specified in Doc ETD (6901)

and Doc ETD (10244).

When presenting capacity data, the manufacturer shall specify which test method was

used.

7.2.6.2 Method A

a) Circuitry principle(seeFigure7)

1 V 3

2

Key

1 Reading Ucc/U’oc

2 Rm resistance of measurement

3 Rd resistance of continuous discharge

Figure 7–Circuitry principle for method A

b) Procedure

The duration of the discharge test at the resistor Rd approximates to

30days.

Value of the resistance Rd: the value of the resistive load (specified in Table 8 )shall include all parts of the external circuit and shall be accurate to within ±0,5%.

c) Determination of the capacity

The measurements of the open-circuit voltage U'oc and that of the closed circuit

voltage Ucc are carried out at least once a day on the battery permanently connected

to Rd, until the first passage of the Uccunder the end-point voltage defined in Table 5 is obtained.

1) First measurement U'oc: the resistance Rd being much higher than Rm, U'oc approximates to Uoc.

The switch is left open while the measurement is being carried out.

2) Next measurement Ucc: the battery being tested is connected to Rm.The switch is left closed during the duration ∆t according to Table7.

Table 7–Test method A for Ucc(CCV)measurement

Batteries with KOH electrolyte All other batteries

R

m

Ω

∆t

s

Rm

Ω

∆t

ms

150±0,5% 1±5% 1500±0,5% 10±5%

NOTE1 The value of resistive loads (which includes all parts of the external circuit) should be as specified in Table 7 and Table 8.

3) Calculation of the capacity C : the capacity of the battery is obtained by adding the partial

capacity amounts Cp, calculated after each measurement with the following formula:

U'×t

Cp= oc i

Rd

Where ti is the time between two measurements

C=ƩCp

NOTE2 At the end of the discharge, it is recommended to carry out several measurements a day in order to obtain sufficient accuracy.

7.2.6.3 Method B

a) Circuitry principle (see Figure 8 )

1 V 2

Key

1 Reading Ucc

2 Rd resistance of continuous discharge

Figure 8– Circuitry principle for method B

b) See procedure in (7.2.6.2

b).

c) Determination of the capacity: when the on-load voltage of the battery under test

drops for the first time below the specified end point as specified in Table 5, the time t

is calculated and defined as service life.

The capacity is calculated by the following formula:

where

C is the capacity;

C= Ucc(average)

t

Rd

Ucc(average)is the average voltage value of Ucc during discharge duration time (0-t);

t is the service life. 7.2.7 Calculation of the internal resistance Ri during discharge in case of

method A (optional) After each measurement of U'oc and Uccis carried out according to the procedure described in 7.2.6,it is possible to calculate the internal resistance Riof the battery using the following formula:

Ri =

′oc − cccc/m

Table 8 – Discharge resistance (values)

Code number according to the

dimensions

Letter for electro chemical systems

Code number according to the

dimensions

Letter for electro chemical systems

L S C B

Discharge resistance

kΩ

Discharge resistance

kΩ

416 1212

421 1216

510 1220 62

512 1225

514 1612

516 150 1616

521 100 1620 47

527 68 1625

610 1632

612 2012

614 120 2016 30

616 100 2020 30

621 68 2025 15

626 47 2032

710 2312

712 100 2316

714 68 2320 15

716 68 2325

721 47 2412

726 33 2416

731 27 2430

736 22

754 15

910

912

914

916 47

920 33

927 22

936 15

1110

1112

1114

1116 39

1120 22

1126 15

1130 15

1136 15

1142 10

1154 6,8

NOTE Blank values under consideration.

7.3 Test methods for determining the resistance to leakage

7.3.1 Preconditioning and previous examination

Before carrying out the tests specified in 7.3.2 and 7.3.3, the batteries shall be submitted

to a visual examination according to the requirements stated in Clause 8.

For tests in 7.3.2.1 and 7.3.2.2, batteries shall be pre conditioned at the specified

temperature (40°C and 45°C respectively) for 2h to avoid condensation at elevated

humidity.

7.3.2 High temperature and humidity test

7.3.2.1 Recommended test

The battery shall be stored under the conditions specified in Table 9.

Table 9 – Storage conditions for the recommended test

Temperatu

re

°C

Relative

humidity

%

Test

time

day 40

2

90to95 30or90

NOTE The test time of 30 days may be used for an accelerated routine quality control test, whereas the

test time of 90 days applies to qualification testing of new batteries.

7.3.2.2 Optional test

After agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser, the following testing conditions

may be chosen (see Table10).

Table 10–Storage conditions for optional test

Temperature

°C

Relative humidity

%

Test time

day

45 2 90 to 95 20 or 60

NOTE The test time of 20 days may be used for an accelerated routine quality control test, whereas the test time of 60 day applies to qualification testing of new batteries.

7.3.3 Test by temperature cycles

The battery shall be submitted to 150 temperature cycles according to the schedule

inFigure 9:

1 cycle

(60 ±2)°C

Room temperature (-10 ± 2) °C

0,5 h 1h 1h 1 h 1h

Figure 9–Test by temperature cycles

The relative humidity shall be 50% to 60% at room temperature; it will subsequently

vary with the temperature variation.

8 Visual examination and acceptance conditions

8.1 Pre conditioning Before carrying out the previous visual examination or after the tests specified in Clause7,

the batteries shall be stored for at least 24h at room temperature and at a relative humidity

between 45% and 70%.

NOTE1 The leakage should, as a rule, be observed after crystallization of the electrolyte. The time of the storage of 24h can be prolonged if necessary.

NOTE2 This examination may be applied to new or used batteries, or to batteries which have been submitted to different tests.

8.2 Magnification The visual examination shall be carried out at a magnification of x10 to x15.The

magnification of x15 is necessary in order to detect small leaks.

8.3 Lighting The visual examination shall be carried out under a diffuse white light of 900 lx to 1100 lx

at the surface of the battery to be inspected.

8.4 Leakage levels and classification The leakage levels and classification are given in Table 11.

Table 11–Leakage levels and classification

Leakage levels

Diagram

Definition Classification Grade

Salting

S1

Little salting found near the gasket, affecting less than 10 % of the perimeter of the gasket, detected while observing at a magnification of x15. The leak Is not detectable with the naked eye

S2

Traces of salting near gasket can be detected with the naked eye. At a magnification of x15, it may be noted that these salts affect more than 10 % of the perimeter of the gasket

S3

Salt spreads on both sides of the gasket can be detected with the naked eye, but do not reach the flat of the negative contact

Table 11–Leakage levels and classification (continued)

Leakage levels

Diagram

Definition Classification Grade

Clouds

C1

Leaks spread in clouds on both sides of the gasket, do reach the flat of the negative contact but do not reach the central part of the flat negative contact

C2

Leaks spread in clouds, which reach the central part of the flat negative contact

Leaks

L1

The accumulation of crystallised liquid coming from the electrolyte swells up on part of the cloud spread, which covers the entire surface of the flat negative contact

L2

The accumulation of crystallised liquid coming from the electrolyte swells up on the entire cloud spread, which covers the entire surface of the flat negative contact

8.5 Acceptance conditions

The acceptable level, as well as the proportion of defective pieces, shall be agreed between

the manufacturer and the purchaser.

Fresh batteries, with a level of leakage exceeding S1, shall not be submitted for qualification.

The acceptance criteria may be less restrictive for batteries which have been tested according

to 7.3.2. If necessary, photographic references may be established..

Annex A

(normative)

Designation

Watch batteries manufactured with the express purpose of complying with this standard

should be designated by a system of coded letters and numbers as shown below. However,

the letter W is used to indicate compliance with IS 11675.

EXAMPLE: S R 7 21 S W

Electro chemical system letter

according to Table 4

Round cell: (Doc ETD (6901)

Dimension: diameter in millimetres

Dimension: height in tenths of millimetres

Electrolyte:

- S:SodiumhydroxideNaOH(optional)

- P:PotassiumhydroxideKOH(optional)

Letter P may be left out in the case of electro chemical system letter S

- Organic electrolyte: null

Letter W: compliance with Doc ETD (10242)

Doc: ETD 10(10240)





ALKALINE MANGANESEDIOXIDE CELLS

SPECIFICATION (First Revision of IS 15063)


0 Foreword


1 SCOPE

This standard covers the dimensions, tests and the performance requirements of primary alkaline Manganese

dioxide cells of designation LR1, LR8D425, LR03, LR6, LR9, LR14, LR20, LR41, LR55, LR54, LR43, LR44,

3LR12, 4LR44, 4LR61, 4LR25X, 6LR61.

2 REFERENCES

The following Indian Standards are necessary adjuncts to this standard:

IS No. Title

1248 ( Part 2 ) : 1983

Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring

instruments and their accessories: Part 2 Ammeters and

voltmeters

1885 ( Par t 15) :1967 Electrotechnical vocabulary: Part 15 Primary cells and batteries

6303:2016 (Under

Preparation Doc ETD 10

(6901)) Primary Batteries — General (Second Revision)

3 TERMINOLOGY For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS 1885 (Part 15) shall apply.

The words battery and cell are used interchangeably in this standard as this covers both of them.

4 DESIGNATION

The cells/batteries are designated in accordance with 4.1.5 of IS 6303:2016 (Under

Preparation Doc ETD 10 (6901))

5 DIMENSIONS

The overall dimensions and nominal voltages are shown in Tables 1A to 1L.

Note all dimensions are in mm.

Table 1A

Dimensions LR1 LR8D425

h1 max. 30,2 42,5

h2 min. 29,1 41,5

h3 min. 0,5 0,7

h4 max. 0,2 0,1

d1

max. 12,0 8,3

min. 10,9 7,7

d3 max. 4,0 3,8

d6 min. 5,0 2,3a

P max. 0,5 0,1

a This battery does not fulfill the

requirement d6 > d3 due to

constructional constraints.

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 1,5 1,5

OCV max. (V) 1,68 1,68

Table 1B

Dimensions LR03

h1 max. 44,5

h2 min. 43,5

h3 min. 0,8

h4 max. 0,5

d1

max. 10,5

min. 9,8

d3 max. 3,8

d6 min. 4,3

P max. 0,25

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 1,5

OCV max. (V) 1,68

Table 1C

Dimensions LR6

h1 max. 50,5

h2 min. 49,5

h3 min. 1,0

h4 max. 0,5

d1

max. 14,5

min. 13,7

d3 max. 5,5

d6 min. 7,0

P max. 0,25

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 1,5

OCV max. (V) 1,68

Table 1D

Dimensions LR9

h max. 6,2

h min. 5,6

h3 min. 2,0

h5 min. 0,2

d1 max. 16,0

min. 15,2

d2 min. 10,0

d3 max. 13,5

d4 min. 10,0

d5 max. 12,5

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 1,5

OCV max. (V) 1,68

Table 1E

Dimensions LR14

h1 max. 50,0

h2 min. 48,6

h3 min. 1,5

h4 max. 0,9

d1

max. 26,2

min. 24,9

d3 max. 7,5

d6 min. 13,0

P max. 1,0

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 1,5

OCV max. (V) 1,68

Table 1F

Dimensions LR20

h1 max. 61,5

h2 min. 59,5

h3 min. 1,5

h4 max. 1,0

d1

max. 34,2

min. 32,3

d3 max. 9,5

d6 min. 18,0

P max. 1,0

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 1,5

OCV max. (V) 1,68

Table 1G

Dimensions LR41 LR55 LR54 LR43 LR44

h1 / h2

max. 3,6 2,1 3,05 4,2 5,4

min. 3,3 1,85 2,75 3,8 5,0

d1

max. 7,9 11,6 11,6 11,6 11,6

min. 7,55 11,25 11,25 11,25 11,25

d2 min. 3,8 3,8 3,8 3,8 3,8

d4 min. 3,0 3,8 3,8 3,8 3,8

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5

OCV max. (V) 1,68 1,68 1,68 1,68 1,68

Table 1H

Dimensions 3LR12

h1

max. 67,0

min. 63,0

l1

max. 62,0

min. 60,0

l2

max. 22,0

min. 20,0

l3

max. -

min. 23,0

l4

max. -

min. 16,0

l5

max. -

min. 1,0

l6

max. -

min. 3,0

l7

max. 7,0

min. 6,0

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 4,5

OCV max. (V) 5,04

Table 1I

Dimensions 4LR44

h1 max. 25,2

min. 23,9

h3 min. 0,7

h5 max. 0,4

min. 0,05

d1 max. 13

d1 min. 12

d min. 5,0

d3 max. 6,5

d4 min. 5,0

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 1,5

OCV max. (V) 1,68

Table 1J

Dimensio

ns 4LR61

h1

ma

x. 48,5

min. 47,0

h2

ma

x. 2,7

min. 2,2

h3

ma

x. 2,3

min. 1,8

h4

ma

x. 0,8

min. 0,3

l1

ma

x. 35,6

min. 35,0

l2

ma

x. 9,2

min. 8,7

l3

ma

x. 6,5

min. 6,0

l4

ma

x. 8,0

min. 6,5

l

ma

x. 1,5

min. 1,0

l6

ma

x. 2,5

min. 2,0

α -- 45°

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 6,0

OCV

max. (V) 6,72

Table 1K

Dimensions 4LR25X

h1

ma

x. 115

min

. 108

h6

ma

x. 102

min

. 97

l1

ma

x. 67

min

. 65

l2

ma

x. 67

min

. 65

l3

ma

x. 27

min

. 23

- 45°

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 6,0

OCV max. (V) 6,72

Table 1L

Dimensions 6LR61

h1 max. 48,5

min. 46,5

h6 max. 46,4

min. -

l1 max. 26,5

min. 24,5

l2 max. 17,5

min. 15,5

l3 max. 12,95

min. 12,45

nominal voltages

Vn (V) 9,0

OCV max. (V) 10,1

6 MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION

6.1 The Chemical System of the Cell / Battery Shall Be:

a) Manganese dioxide (cathode);

b) Zinc (anode); and

c) Potassium hydroxide solution in water (electrolyte).

6.2 The Internal Design of the Cell / Battery and the Choice Of Material Shall Be Such That the Product

meets the Following Criteria:

a) The terminals shall be free from corrosion;

b)Terminals should maintain positive contact with external circuits;

c) There shall not be any distortion / dents;

d) There shall not be any leakage of electrolyte during normal storage and use under normal discharge

conditions; and

e) There shall be a system of venting to prevent the explosion due to generation of hydrogen gas

inside the cell during storage/discharge/usage.

7 BATTERY CONNECTIONS

7.1 In All Assembled Batteries, Electrical Connections between Cells and Terminals Shall Be Permanent

And Preferably of A Welded Construction.

7.2 All Soldered or Welded Connections Shall Be Made in Such A Manner As Not to Interfere with

Subsequent Battery Performance.

8 TERMINALS

Terminals shall be in accordance with respective tables provided in the standard and 4.1.3 of IS 6303:2016 (Under Preparation).

9 MARKING

9.1 Marking of Terminals

Each terminal shall be clearly marked with the relevant nominal Voltage and polarity, where applicable.

9.2 Marking of Batteries

The marking shall be done in accordance with 4.1.6.1 of IS 6303:2016 (Under Preparation.)

9.3 BIS Certification Marking

The product may also be marked with the Standard Mark.

9.3.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986

and the rules and regulations made thereunder. The details of conditions under which a licence for the use of the

Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian

Standards.

10 TESTS

10.1 General

General provision of 5.3 to 5.7 and 6.0 of IS 6303:2016 (Under Preparation) shall apply.

10.2 Type Tests

10.2.1 The Following Shall Constitute Type Tests.

a) Checking of dimensions and terminals.

b) Materials and construction.

c) Checking of markings.

d) Initial life.

e) Delayed life.

f) Leakage test for batteries.

10.2.2 Samples

Checking of dimensions ,terminal and markings – all samples.

Initial life test: 9 pcs

Delayed life test: 9 pcs

10.3 Lot Acceptance Test.

The following shall constitute type tests.

a. Initial life test of specified lot acceptance test given in Table 2

b. Sampling inspection, testing and acceptance quality level shall be in accordance with 7.0 of IS

6303:2016 (Under Preparation)

Table 2

SI No Type

No

Load

Ohm

No.

of

cells

to be

tested

Test

Condition

End

Voltage

Minimum

requirement

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

i) LR03 75 9 Continuous 0.8 50

ii) LR6 43 9 Continuous 0.8 70

iii) LR14 20 9 Continuous 0.8 83

iv) LR20 10 9 Continuous 0.8 88

v) 6LR61 620 9 Continuous 4.8 38

10.4 Initial Life Test.

10.4.1 Test shall be carried out in accordance with 5.3 and 6.0 of IS 6303:2016 (under preparation)

and respective tables 3A to 3L.

10.4.2 The Following Reading Shall Be Taken

a. Initial closed circuit Voltage

b. Closed circuit voltage at the end of each discharge period.

10.4.3 The test shall continue until the closed circuit voltage of the battery falls below the appropriate end voltage

specified in tables 3A to 3L. The life of the battery shall include a full discharge period of the day during

which the voltage drops for the first time below the specified end point of the battery.

10.4.4 The battery shall not show any leakage during or at the end of the test.

10.5 Delayed Life Test

a. Test shall be carried out in accordance with 5.3 and 6.0 of IS 6303:2016 (Under Preparation.)

b. After storage test shall be done as specified in 10.4. Batteries shall meet the requirements given in

tables 3A..3B.

10.6 Leakage Test

Nine cells are stored at 45 ± 2°C (humidity < 70 percent) for a period of 30 days and are observed for leakage of

electrolyte or sealing compound.

No electrolyte, sealing compound or other internal component shall appear on any of the external surface of the

battery. No deformation of cells shall take place.

10.7 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE, USE AND DISPOSAL

BATTERIES See Annex G of IS 6303:2015.

Table 3A : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance Requirements for LR1

& LR8D425

Representative

application

Resistance/ power

/current drain Discharge

schedule

End

Voltage Life initial

life after 12

months

1 2 3 4

5 6

LR1 LR8D42

5 LR1

LR8D42

5

Portable lighting 5,1 Ω 5 min / 0,9 94

min 90 min

75

min 72 min

Pager

Pulse: 10 Ω Background: 3

000 Ω

5 s on, 59 min

55 s off for 24

h per dayb

0,9 888

min --

710

min --

Laser pointer 75 Ω 1 h 1,1 -- 27.0 h -- 21 h

Service output test 75 Ω 1 h 0,9 -- 27.0 h -- 21 h

Hearing aid 300 Ω 12 h 0,9 130 h -- 104 h --

Table 3B : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance

Requirements for LR 03

Representative

application Resistance

Discharge

schedule

End

Voltage

Life

initial

life after

12 months

1 3 4 5 6 7

Portable lighting 5.1

4 min/h 8

h/day 0.9 130 min 104 min

Toy 5.1 1 h/day 0.8 120 min 96 min

Digital audio 75 1 h/day 0.9 12.0 h 9.6 h

Remote control 24 15sec/min 8

h/day 1.0 14.5 h 11.6 h

Table 3C : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance

Requirements for LR6

Representative

application

Resistance/

power

/current

drain

Discharge

schedule

End


life after 12

months

1 4 5 6 7 8

Digital still camera

1500

mW ## 1.05 40 Pulses 32 Pulses 650

mW

Portable lighting

(LED) 3.9 Ω

4 min on, 56

min off for 8h

per day

0.9 230 min 184 min

Motor/toy 3.9 Ω 1 h/day 0.8 5.0 h 4.0 h

Toy, non-motorized 250mA 1 h/day 0.9 5.0 h 4.0 h

CD, digital audio,

wireless gaming and

accessories

100mA 1 h/day 0.9 15.0 h 12.0 h

Radio / Clock /

Remote Control 50mA

1 h on, 7 h off

for 24 h per

day

1 30.0 h 24.0 h

## Repeat 10 times per hour: 1500 mW for 2 s, then 650 mW for 28 s, then 0 mW for 55 min.

Table 3D : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance


Representative

application

Resistance/

power

/current

drain

Discharge

schedule

End

Voltage

Life

initial

life after

12 months

1 3 4 5 6 7

Service output test 0,39 kΩ 24 h 0.9 48 h 38 h

Table 3E : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance


Representative

application

Resistance/

power

/current

drain

Discharge

schedule

End


life after 12

months

1 3 4 5 6 6

Toy 3,9 Ω 1 h/day 0.8 14.0 h 11.2 h

Portable Lighting 3,9 Ω

4 min on, 11

min off for 8

h per day

0.9 790 min 632 min

Portable stereo

Current

drain 400

mA

1 h/day 0.9 8.0 h 6.4 h

Table 3F : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance


Representative

application

Resistance/

power

/current

drain

Discharge

schedule

End


life after 12

months

1 3 4 5 6 6

Portable

Lighting 2,2 Ω

4 min on, 11

min off for 8

h per day

0.9 750 min 600 min

Toy 2,2 Ω 1 h/day 0.8 16.0 h 12.8 h

Portable stereo Current

drain

600 mA

2 h/day 0.9 11.0 h 8.8 h

Table 3G : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance Requirements for

LR41, LR55, LR54, LR43, LR44.

Representati

ve

application

Resista

nce

Discha

rge

schedul

e

End

Voltage

LR

41

LR

55

LR

54

LR

43

LR

44

LR

41

LR

55

LR

54

LR

43

LR

44

1 2 3 4 Life initial life after 12 months

Service

output test 22 kΩ 24 h 1,2 300 h

No

Test No

Tes

t No

Tes

t

240

h

No

Tes

t No

Tes

t No

Tes

t

Service

output test 22 kΩ 24 h 1,2

No

Test

275

h

No

Tes

t

220

h

Service


No

Tes

t

350

h

No

Tes

t

280

h

Service


No

Test

359

h No

Tes

t

287

h

Service

output test 6,8 kΩ 24 h 1,2

No

Tes

t

340

h

No

Tes

t

272

h

Table 3H : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance Requirements for

3LR12.

Representative

application

Resistance/

power /current

drain

Discharge

schedule End Voltage Life initial

life after 12

months

1 2 3 4 5 6

Portable lighting 20 Ω 1 h/day 2.7 12 h 9.6 h

Radio 220 Ω 4 h/day 2.7 300 h 240 h

Table 3I : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance Requirements for 4LR44

Representative

application

Resistance/

power /current

drain

Discharge


life after 12

months

1 2 3 4 5 6

Accelerated

application test

for automatic

camera

Pulse: 0,160 kΩ Background: 27

kΩ

a 3.6 310 h 248 h

Service output

test 27 kΩ 4 h/day 3.6 420 h 336 h

Pulse test 0,1 kΩ 4 h/day 3.6 950 pulses 760 pulses

a Pulse load for 1 s every 6 s for 5 min per day. Background load alternately and

continuously for 24 h per day

Table 3J : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance Requirements for 4LR61

Representative

application

Resistance/

power /current

drain

Discharge


life after 12

months

1 2 3 4 5 6

Electric

equipment 0.33 kΩ 24 h 3.6 24 h 19.2 h

Service

output test 6.8 kΩ 24 h 3.6 700 h 560 pulses

Table 3K : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance Requirements for

4LR25X

Representative

application

Resistance/

power /current

drain

Discharge


life after 12

months

1 2 3 4 5 6

Portable

Lighting 1 8.2 Ω 30 min 3.6 900 min 720 min

Portable

Lighting 2 9.1 Ω

30 min on, 30

min off for 8 h

per day

3.6 1020 min 816 min

Road

warning lamp 110 Ω 12 h 3.6 310 h 248 h

Table 3L : Initial Discharge Application Test Regime and Minimum Performance Requirements for

6LR61

Representative

application

Resistance/

power /current

drain

Discharge


life after 12

months

1 3 4 5 6 6

Toy 270 Ω 1 h/day 5.4 12 h 9.6 h

Clock radio 620 Ω 2 h/day 5.4 33 h 26.4 h

Smoke detector*

Background: 10

kΩ Pulse: 0,62 kΩ

1s on, 3599 s off

for 24 h per

day#

7.5 16 days 12.8 days

1

Doc: ETD 10(10242)





PRIMARY BATTERIES – SAFETY OF LITHIUM BATTERIES

(First revision of IS 6303(Part 4))


0 Foreword


1 SCOPE

This standard specifies tests and requirements for primary lithium batteries to ensure

their safe operation under intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse.

NOTE Primary lithium batteries that are standardized and are expected to meet all applicable requirements herein.

It is understood that consideration of this standard might also be given to measuring and/or ensuring the safety of

non-standardized primary lithium batteries. In either case, no claim or warranty is made that compliance or non-

compliance with this standard will fulfill or not fulfill any of the user’s particular purposes or needs.

2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this

document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the

edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced

document (including any amendments) applies.

IS No. Title

6303: 2016 (Under Preparation Doc ETD

10 (6901))

PRIMARY BATTERIES –

General

3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1 Battery

One or more cells electrically connected and fitted in a case, with terminals,

markings and protective devices etc., as necessary for use

3.2 Coin Cell Coin Battery

Small round cell or battery where the overall height is less than the diameter

NOTE 1 to entry: In English, the term “coin (cell or battery)” is used for lithium batteries only while the term “button (cell or

battery)” is only used for non-lithium batteries. In languages other than English, the terms “coin” and “button” are often used

interchangeably, regardless of the electrochemical system.

NOTE “In practice terms, the term coin is used exclusively for non-aqueous lithium cells.” replaced with a different note)]

Cell basic functional unit, consisting of an assembly of electrodes, electrolyte, container,

terminals and usually separators, that is a source of electric energy obtained by direct

conversion of chemical energy

3.4 Component Cell

Cell contained in a battery

3.5 Cylindrical (cell or battery)

Round cell or battery in which the overall height is equal to or greater than the

diameter

3.6 Depth of Discharge DOD

Percentage of rated capacity discharged from a battery

3.7 Fully Discharged

State of charge of a cell or battery corresponding to 100 % depth of discharge

3.8 Harm

Physical injury or damage to health of people, or damage to property or the environment

3.9 Hazard

Potential source of harm

3.10 Intended Use

Use of a product, process or service in accordance with information provided by the

supplier , -

3.11 Large Battery

Battery with a gross mass of more than 12 kg

3.12 Large Cell

Cell with a gross mass of more than 500 g

3.13 Lithium Cell Cell containing a non-aqueous electrolyte and a negative electrode of lithium or

containing lithium

3.14 Nominal Voltage

Suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell, a battery

or an electrochemical system

3.15 Open Circuit Voltage OCV, UOC, Off-Load Voltage

Voltage across the terminals of a cell or battery when no external current is flowing

3.16 Prismatic Cell Prismatic Battery

Qualifies a cell or a battery having the shape of a parallelepiped whose faces are

rectangular

3.17 Protective Devices Devices such as fuses, diodes or other electric or electronic current limiters designed to

interrupt the current flow, block the current flow in one direction or limit the current

flow in an electrical circuit

3.18 Rated Capacity

Capacity value of a cell or battery determined under specified conditions and declared

2

by the manufacturer

3.19 Reasonably Foreseeable Misuse

Use of a product, process or service in a way not intended by the supplier, but

which may result from readily predictable human behaviour

3.20 Risk

Combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm

Safety freedom from unacceptable risk

3.22 Undischarged

State of charge of a primary cell or battery corresponding to 0 % depth of discharge

4 REQUIREMENTS FOR SAFETY

4.1 Design

Lithium batteries are categorized by their chemical composition (anode, cathode,

electrolyte), internal construction (bobbin, spiral) and are available in cylindrical, coin

and prismatic configurations. It is necessary to consider all relevant safety aspects at

the battery design stage, recognizing the fact that they can differ considerably,

depending on the specific lithium system, power capability and battery configuration.

The following design concepts for safety are common to all lithium batteries:

a) Abnormal temperature rise above the critical value defined by the manufacturer

shall be prevented by design.

b) Temperature increases in the battery shall be controlled by a design which limits

current flow.

c) Lithium cells and batteries shall be designed to relieve excessive internal pressure

or to preclude a violent rupture under conditions of transport, intended use and

reasonably foreseeable misuse.

See Annex A for guidelines for the achievement of safety of lithium batteries.

4.2 Quality Plan

The manufacturer shall prepare and implement a quality plan defining the procedures

for the inspection of materials, components, cells and batteries during the course of

manufacture, to be applied to the total process of producing a specific type of battery.

Manufacturers should understand their process capabilities and should institute the

necessary process controls as they relate to product safety.

5 SAMPLING

5.1 General

Samples should be drawn from production lots in accordance with accepted

statistical methods.

5.2 Test Samples

The number of test samples is given in Table 1. The same test cells and batteries are

used for tests A to E in sequence. New test cells and batteries are required for each of

3

tests F to M.

4

Table 1 – Number of test samples

Tests

Discharge state

Cells and

single cell

batteriesa

Multi-cell

batteries

Tests A to E

Undischarged 10 4

Fully discharged 10 4

Test F or G

Undischarged 5 5 component

cells

Fully discharged 5 5 component

cells

Test H Fully discharged 10 10 component

cells

Tests I to K Undischarged 5 5

Test L Undischarged 20 (see Note 1) n/a

Test M

50 % pre

discharged

20 (see Note 2) n/a

75 % pre

discharged

20 (see Note 3) n/a

a single cell batteries containing one tested component cell do not require re-

testing unless the change could result in a failure of any of the tests.

Key:

n/a: not applicable

NOTE 1 Four batteries connected in series with one of the four batteries

reversed (5 sets). NOTE 2 Four batteries connected in series, one of which is 50

% pre discharged (5 sets).

NOTE 3 Four batteries connected in series, one of which is 75 % pre discharged (5 sets).

6 TESTING AND REQUIREMENTS

6.1 General

6.1.1 Test Application Matrix

Applicability of test methods to test cells and batteries is shown in Table 2.

Table 2 – Test application matrix

Form

Applicable tests

A B C D E F G H I J K L M

s x x x x x x a x a x x x x x b x c

m x x x x x x a,

d

x a,

d

x d x x x n/a n/a

Test description: Key:

Intended use tests

A: Altitude

B: Thermal

cycling

C: Vibration

D: Shock

Reasonably foreseeable

misuse tests

E: External short-circuit

F: Impact

G: Crush

H: Forced discharge

I: Abnormal charging

J: Free fall

K: Thermal abuse

L: Incorrect installation

Form

s: cell or single cell

battery Applicability

x: applicable

n/a: not applicable

a Only one test shall be applied, test F or test G. b Only applicable to CR17345, CR15H270 and similar type batteries of a spiral

construction that could be installed incorrectly and charged. c Only applicable to CR17345, CR15H270 and similar type batteries of a spiral

construction that could be over discharged. d Test applies to the component cells.

6.1.2 Safety Notice

WARNING: These tests call for the use of procedures which can result in injury

if adequate precautions are not taken.

It has been assumed in the drafting of these tests that their execution is

undertaken by appropriately qualified and experienced technicians

using adequate protection.

6.1.3 Ambient Temperature

Unless otherwise specified, the tests shall be carried out at an ambient

temperature of 27 °C ± 2 °C.

6.1.4 Parameter Measurement Tolerances

The overall accuracy of controlled or measured values, relative to the specified or

actual parameters, shall be within the following tolerances:

a) ± 1 % for voltage;

b) ± 1 % for current;

c) ± 2 °C for

temperature; d) ± 0,1 % for time;

e) ± 1 % for dimensions;

6

f) ± 1 % for capacity.

These tolerances comprise the combined accuracy of the measuring

instruments, the measurement techniques used, and all other sources of error in the test

procedure.

6.1.5 Pre Discharge

Where a test requires pre discharge, the test cells or batteries shall be discharged to

the respective depth of discharge on a resistive load with which the rated capacity is

obtained or at a current specified by the manufacturer.

6.1.6 Additional Cells

Where additional cells are required to perform a test, they shall be of the same

type and, preferably, from the same production lot as the test cell.

6.2 Evaluation of Test Criteria

6.2.1 Short-Circuit

A short-circuit is considered to have occurred during a test if the open-circuit

voltage of the cell or battery immediately after the test is less than 90 % of its voltage

prior to the test. This requirement is not applicable to test cells and batteries in fully

discharged states.

6.2.2 Excessive Temperature Rise

An excessive temperature rise is considered to have occurred during a test if the

external case temperature of the test cell or battery rises above 170 °C.

6.2.3 Leakage

Leakage is considered to have occurred during a test if there is visible escape of

electrolyte or other material from the test cell or battery, or the loss of material

(except battery casing, handling devices or labels) from the test cell or battery such

that the mass loss exceeds the limits in Table 3.

In order to quantify mass loss ∆m / m, the following equation is provided:

Δm / m

=

m1

- m

2 × 100 %

Where

m1 is the mass before a test;

m2 is the mass after that test.

m1

Table 3 – Mass loss limits

Mass of cell or battery m

Mass loss limit ∆m / m

m < 1

g

0,5 %

1 g ≤ m ≤

75 g

0,2 %

m > 75

g

0,1 %

0,3

m

7

6.2.4 Venting

Venting is considered to have occurred if, during a test, an excessive build up of

internal gas pressure escapes from a cell or battery through a safety feature designed

for this purpose. This gas may include entrapped materials.

6.2.5 Fire

A fire is considered to have occurred if, during a test, flames are emitted from the test

cell or battery.

6.2.6 Rupture

A rupture is considered to have occurred if, during a test, a cell container or battery

case has mechanically failed, resulting in expulsion of gas, spillage of liquids, or

ejection of solid materials but no explosion.

6.2.7 Explosion

An explosion is considered to have occurred if, during a test, solid matter from any

part of a cell or battery has penetrated a wire mesh screen as shown in Figure 1,

centred over the cell or battery on the steel plate. The screen shall be made from

annealed aluminium wire with a diameter of 0,25 mm and a grid density of 6 to 7 wires

per cm.

0,6

m

2 1

IEC

NOTE The figure shows an aluminium wire mesh screen (1) of octagonal shape resting on a steel plate (2).

Figure 1 – Mesh screen

8

6.3 Tests and Requirements – Overview

This standard provides safety tests for intended use (tests A to D) and

reasonably foreseeable misuse (tests E to M).

Table 4 contains an overview of the tests and requirements for intended use and

reasonably foreseeable misuse.

Table 4 – Tests and requirements

Test number Designation Requirements

Intended use tests A Altitude N

L,

N

V,

N

C,

N

R,

N

E,

NF

B Thermal cycling NL, NV,

NC,

N

R,

N

E,

NF

C Vibration NL, NV,

NC,

N

R,

N

E,

NF

D Shock NL, NV,

NC,

N

R,

N

E,

NF

Reasonably

foreseeable

E External short-circuit N

T,

N

R,

N

E,

NF misuse tests

Impact N

T,

N

E,

NF

F G Crush N

T,

N

E,

NF

H Forced discharge N

E,

NF

I Abnormal charging N

E,

NF

J Free fall N

V,

N

E,

NF

K Thermal abuse N

E,

NF

L Incorrect installation N

E,

NF

M Over discharge N

E,

NF

Tests A through E shall be conducted in sequence on the same cell or battery.

Tests F and G are provided as alternatives. Only one of them shall be conducted. Key

NC: No short-

circuit NE: No

explosion

NF: No fire

NL: No

leakage NR:

No rupture

NT: No excessive

6.4 Tests for Intended Use

6.4.1 Test A: Altitude

a) Purpose

This test simulates air transport under low pressure conditions.

b) Test procedure

Test cells and batteries shall be stored at a pressure of 11,6 kPa or less for at least 6 h

at ambient temperature.

9

c) Requirements

There shall be no leakage, no venting, no short-circuit, no rupture, no explosion

and no fire during this test.

6.4.2 Test B: Thermal Cycling

a) Purpose

This test assesses cell and battery seal integrity and that of their internal

electrical connections. The test is conducted using temperature cycling.

b) Test procedure

Test cells and batteries shall be stored for at least 6 h at a test temperature of 72

°C, followed by storage for at least 6 h at a test temperature of –40 °C. The maximum

time for transfer to each temperature shall be 30 min. Each test cell and battery shall

undergo this procedure 10 times. This is then followed by storage for at least 24 h at

ambient temperature.

NOTE Figure 2 shows one of ten cycles.

For large cells and batteries the duration of exposure to the test temperatures shall

be at least 12 h instead of 6 h.

The test shall be conducted using the test cells and batteries previously subjected

to the altitude test.

+72 °C

–40 °C

t2 t1 t2 t1

IEC

Key

t1 ≤ 30 min

t2 ≥ 6 h (12 h for large cells and batteries)

Figure 2 – Thermal cycling procedure

c) Requirements



10

6.4.3 Test C: Vibration

a) Purpose

This test simulates vibration during transport. The test condition is based on the

range of vibrations as given by ICAO [2].

b) Test procedure

Test cells and batteries shall be firmly secured to the platform of the vibration

machine without distorting them and in such a manner as to faithfully transmit the

vibration. Test cells and batteries shall be subjected to sinusoidal vibration

according to Table 5 which shows a different upper acceleration amplitude for

large batteries. This cycle shall be repeated 12 times for a total of 3 h for each

of three mutually perpendicular mounting positions. One of the directions shall be

perpendicular to the terminal face.


to the thermal cycling test.

Table 5 – Vibration profile (sinusoidal)

Frequency range Amplitudes Duration of

logarithmic

sweep cycle

(7 Hz – 200 Hz – 7

Hz)

Axis Numb

er of

cycles From To

f1 = 7 Hz f2 a1 = 1 gn

15 min

X 12

f

2 f3 s = 0,8 mm Y 12

f

3 f4 = 200

Hz

a2 Z 12

and back to f1 = 7 Hz Total 36

NOTE Vibration amplitude is the maximum absolute value of displacement or

acceleration. For example, a displacement amplitude of 0,8 mm corresponds to a Key

f1, f4 lower and upper frequency

f2, f3 cross-over frequencies;

f2 ≈ 17,62 Hz; and

f3 ≈ 49,84 Hz, except for large batteries, where f3 ≈ 24,92 Hz

a1, a2 acceleration amplitude

a2 = 8 gn except for large batteries, where a2 = 2 gn

NOTE gn = 9,80665 m / s2

c) Requirements



6.4.4 Test D: Shock

a) Purpose

This test simulates rough handling during transport.

11

b) Test procedure

Test cells and batteries shall be secured to the testing machine by means of a rigid

mount which will support all mounting surfaces of each test cell or battery. Each

test cell or battery shall be subjected to 3 shocks in each direction of three

mutually perpendicular mounting positions of the cell or battery for a total of 18

shocks. For each shock, the parameters given in Table 6 shall be applied.

Table 6 – Shock parameters

Waveform

Peak

acceleration

Pulse

duration

Number of

shocks per

half axis

Cells or batteries except

large ones

Half sine 150 gn 6 ms 3

Large cells or batteries Half sine 50 gn 11 ms 3

NOTE gn = 9,80665 m / s²


to the vibration test.

c) Requirements



6.5 Tests for Reasonably Foreseeable Misuse

6.5.1 Test E: External Short-Circuit

a) Purpose

This test simulates conditions resulting in an external short-

circuit.

b) Test procedure

The test cell or battery shall be stabilized at an external case temperature of 55 °C

and then subjected to a short-circuit condition with a total external resistance of

less than 0,1 Ω at 55 °C. This short-circuit condition is continued for at least 1 h

after the cell or battery external case temperature has returned to 55 °C.

The test sample shall be observed for a further 6 h.

The test shall be conducted using the test samples previously subjected to the shock

test.

c) Requirements

There shall be no excessive temperature rise, no rupture, no explosion and no fire

during this test and within the 6 h of observation.

12

6.5.2 Test F: Impact

a) Purpose

This test simulates mechanical abuse from an impact that can result in an internal

short circuit.

b) Test procedure

The impact test is applicable to cylindrical cells greater than 20 mm in

diameter.

The test cell or component cell is placed on a flat smooth surface. A stainless

steel bar (type 316 or equivalent) with a diameter of 15,8 mm ± 0,1 mm

and a length of at least 60 mm or of the longest dimension of the cell,

whichever is greater, is placed across the centre of the test sample. A

mass of 9,1 kg ± 0,1 kg is dropped from a height of 61 cm ± 2,5 cm at

the intersection of the bar and the test sample in a controlled manner using

a near frictionless, vertical sliding track or channel with minimal drag on the

falling mass. The vertical track or channel used to guide the falling mass

shall be oriented 90 degrees from the horizontal supporting surface.

The test sample is to be impacted with its longitudinal axis parallel to the flat

surface and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stainless steel bar lying

across the centre of the test sample (see Figure 3).

5

4

3 2

1

IEC

NOTE The figure shows a flat smooth surface (1) and a stainless steel bar (2) which is placed across the centre of the

test sample (3). A mass (4) is dropped at the intersection in a controlled manner using a vertical sliding channel (5).

Figure 3 – Example of a test set-up for the impact test

Each test cell or component cell shall be subjected to one impact only. The test sample

shall be observed for a further 6 h.

The test shall be conducted using test cells or component cells that have not

been previously subjected to other tests.

c) Requirements

There shall be no excessive temperature rise, no explosion and no fire during this

test and within the 6 h of observation.

6.5.3 Test G: Crush

a) Purpose

This test simulates mechanical abuse from a crush that can result in an internal

short circuit.

b) Test procedure

The crush test is applicable to prismatic, flexible 2, coin cells and cylindrical cells not

more than 20 mm in diameter.

A cell or component cell is to be crushed between two flat surfaces. The crushing is

to be gradual with a speed of approximately 1,5 cm / s at the first point of contact.

The crushing is to be continued until one of the three conditions below is reached:

1) The applied force reaches 13 kN ± 0,78 kN;

Example: The force can be applied by a hydraulic ram with a 32 mm diameter

piston until a pressure of 17 MPa is reached on the hydraulic ram.

2) The voltage of the cell drops by at least 100 mV; or

3) The cell is deformed by 50 % or more of its original thickness.

As soon as one of the above conditions has been obtained, the pressure shall be

released. A prismatic or flexible cell shall be crushed by applying the force to the

side with the largest surface area. A coin cell shall be crushed by applying the force

on its flat surfaces.

For cylindrical cells, the crush force shall be applied perpendicular to the longitudinal

axis. See Figure 4.

4 4 4

2 2 2

3 3

1

1

IEC

3

1

IEC

IEC

13

a) Prismatic or flexible cell b) Coin cell c) Cylindrical cell

NOTE Figures 4a) to 4c) show two flat surfaces (1 and 2) with batteries (3) of different shapes placed between

them for crushing, using a piston (4).

Figure 4 – Examples of a test set-up for the crush test

Each test cell or component cell is to be subjected to one crush only. The test sample shall

be observed for a further 6 h.

The term “flexible cell” is used in this document in place of the term “pouch cell” which

is used in [19]. It is also used in place of the terms “cell with a laminate film case” and

“laminate film cell”.

The test shall be conducted using test cells or component cells that have not

previously been subjected to other tests.

c) Requirements

There shall be no excessive temperature rise, no explosion and no fire during this test

and within the 6 h of observation.

6.5.4 Test H: Forced Discharge

a) Purpose

This test evaluates the ability of a cell to withstand a forced discharge condition.

b) Test procedure

Each cell shall be force discharged at ambient temperature by connecting it in

series with a 12 V direct current power supply at an initial current equal to the

maximum continuous discharge current specified by the manufacturer.

The specified discharge current is obtained by connecting a resistive load of

appropriate size and rating in series with the test cell and the direct current power

supply. Each cell shall be force discharged for a time interval equal to its rated

capacity divided by the initial test current.

This test shall be conducted with fully discharged test cells or component cells

that have not previously been subjected to other tests.

c) Requirements

There shall be no explosion and no fire during this test and within 7 days after the

test.

6.5.5 Test I: Abnormal Charging

a) Purpose

This test simulates the condition when a battery is fitted within a device and is

exposed to a reverse voltage from an external power supply, for example memory

back-up equipment with a defective diode (see 7.1.2). The test condition is based

upon UL 1642 [17].

b) Test procedure

Each test battery shall be subjected to a charging current of three times the

abnormal charging current Ic specified by the battery manufacturer by connecting it

in opposition to a d.c. power supply. Unless the power supply allows for setting the

current, the specified charging current shall be obtained by connecting a resistor of

the appropriate size and rating in series with the battery.

The test duration shall be calculated using the formula:

td = 2,5 × Cn / (3 × Ic)

where

td is the test duration. In order to expedite the test, it is permitted to adjust the

test parameters such that td does not exceed 7 days;

Cn is the nominal capacity;

Ic is the abnormal charging current declared by the manufacturer for this test.

c) Requirements

There shall be no explosion and no fire during this test.

6.5.6 Test J: Free Fall

a) Purpose

This test simulates the situation when a battery is accidentally dropped. The test

condition is based upon IEC 60068-2-31 [7].

b) Test procedure

The test batteries shall be dropped from a height of 1 m onto a concrete surface.

Each test battery shall be dropped six times, a prismatic battery once from each of its

six faces, a round battery twice in each of the three axes shown in Figure 5. The test

batteries shall be stored for 1 h afterwards.

The test shall be conducted with undischarged test cells and batteries.

z

x y

IEC

Figure 5 – Axes for free fall

c) Requirements

There shall be no venting, no explosion and no fire during this test and within the

1 h of observation.

6.5.7 Test K: Thermal Abuse

a) Purpose

This test simulates the condition when a battery is exposed to an extremely high

temperature.

b) Test procedure

A test battery shall be placed in an oven and the temperature raised at a rate of 5

°C/min to a temperature of 130 °C at which the battery shall remain for 10 min.

c) Requirements


6.5.8 Test L: Incorrect Installation

a) Purpose

This test simulates the condition when one single cell battery in a set is

reversed.

b) Test procedure

A test battery is connected in series with three undischarged additional single cell

batteries of the same brand and type in such a way that the terminals of the test

battery are connected in reverse. The resistance of the interconnecting circuit shall

be no greater than 0,1 Ω. The circuit shall be completed for 24 h or until the

battery case temperature has returned to ambient (see Figure 6).

+ – – + – + – +

B1 B2...B4

IEC

Key

B1 Test cell

B2…B4 Additional cells, undischarged

Figure 6 – Circuit diagram for incorrect installation

c) Requirements


6.5.9 Test M: Over Discharge

a) Purpose

This test simulates the condition when one discharged single cell battery is

connected in series with other undischarged single cell batteries. The test further

simulates the use of batteries in motor powered appliances where, in general,

currents over 1 A are required.

NOTE CR17345 and CR15H270 batteries are widely used in motor powered appliances where currents over 1 A are

required. The current for non-standardized batteries may be different.

b) Test procedure

Each test battery shall be pre discharged to 50 % depth of discharge. It shall then be

connected in series with three undischarged additional single cell batteries of the

same type.

A resistive load R1 is connected in series with the assembly of batteries in Figure 7

where

R1 is taken from Table 7.

The test shall be continued for 24 h or until the battery case temperature has

returned to ambient.

The test shall be repeated with 75 % pre discharged test batteries.

Table 7 – Resistive load for over discharge

Battery

type

Resistive load R1

Ω CR17345 8,20

CR15H270 8,20

NOTE Table to be modified or expanded when additional

batteries of a spiral construction are standardized.

EXAMPLE When CR17345 and CR15H270 batteries were

standardized, R1 was determined from the end voltage of the

assembly in Figure 7, using the formula

R = 4 × 2,0 V / 1 A

where

2,0 V is the end voltage taken from the specification tables in

– + – +

– + – +

B1 B2...B4

R1 IEC

Key B1 Test battery, 50 % pre discharged and, in separate tests, 75 % pre discharged.

B2... B4 Additional batteries, undischarged

R1 Resistive load

Figure 7 – Circuit diagram for over discharge

c) Requirements


6.6 Information to Be Given In the Relevant Specification

When this standard is referred to in a relevant specification, the parameters given in

Table 8 shall be given in so far as they are applicable:

Table 8 – Parameters to be specified

Item Parameters Clause

and/or

subclaus

e a) Pre discharge current or resistive load and end-point

voltage specified by the manufacturer

6.1.5

b) Shape: prismatic, flexible, coin or cylindrical;

Diameter: not more than 20 mm or greater than 20 mm.

6.5.2 and

6.5.3

c) Maximum continuous discharge current specified by the

manufacturer for test H

NOTE Forced discharge of a cell can occur when it is

connected in series with other cells and when it is not protected

with a bypass diode.

6.5.4

d) Rated capacity specified by the manufacturer for test H 6.5.4

e) Abnormal charging current declared by the manufacturer for test I

NOTE Abnormal charging of a cell can occur when it is

connected in series with other cells and one cell is reversed or

when it is connected in parallel with a power supply

and the protective devices do not operate correctly.

6.5.5

f) Normal reverse current declared by the manufacturer which

can be applied to the battery during its operating life

NOTE Normal reverse current flow through a cell can occur

when it is connected in parallel with a power supply and the

protective devices are operating properly.

7.1.2

6.7 Evaluation and Report

When a report is issued, the following list of items should be considered:

a) name and address of the test facility;

b) name and address of applicant (where appropriate);

c) a unique test report identification;

d) the date of the test report;

e) design characteristics of the test cells or batteries according to 4.1;

f) test descriptions and results, including the parameters according to 6.6;

g) type of the test sample(s): cell, component cell, battery or battery assembly;

h) weight of the test sample(s);

i) lithium content of the sample(s);

j) A signature with name and status of the signatory.

7 INFORMATION FOR SAFETY

7.1 Safety Precautions during Design of Equipment

7.1.1 General

See also Annex B for guidelines for designers of equipment using lithium batteries.

7.1.2 Charge protection

When incorporating a primary lithium battery into a circuit powered by an

independent main power source, protective devices shall be used in order to prevent

charging the primary battery from the main power source, for example

a) a blocking diode and a current limiting resistor (see Figure 8a);

b) two series blocking diodes (see Figure 8b);

c) circuits with a similar blocking function based on two or more independent

protective devices;

provided that the first protective device is capable of limiting the charging current

through the lithium battery to the normal reverse current specified by the

manufacturer which can be applied to the battery during its operating life, while the

second protective device is capable of limiting the charging current to the abnormal

charging current specified by the battery manufacturer and used for conduction of

test I, Abnormal charging. The circuit shall be so designed that at least one of

these protective devices remains operational when any one component of the circuit

fails.

RAM RAM

+ +

– –

IEC IEC

a) Diode and resistor b) Two diodes

Figure 8 – Examples of safety wiring for charge protection

7.1.3 Parallel connection

Parallel connection should be avoided when designing battery compartments.

However, if required, the battery manufacturer shall be contacted for advice.

7.2 Safety Precautions during Handling of Batteries

When used correctly, lithium batteries provide a safe and dependable source of power.

However, if they are misused or abused, leakage, venting or in extreme cases,

explosion and/or fire can result.

a) Keep batteries out of the reach of children

In particular, keep batteries which are considered swallowable out of the reach of

children, particularly those batteries fitting within the limits of the ingestion

gauge as defined in Figure 9. In case of ingestion of a cell or battery, seek medical

assistance promptly. Swallowing lithium coin cells or batteries can cause

chemical burns, perforation of soft tissue, and in severe cases can cause death.

They must be removed immediately if swallowed. See Figure 10 for an example of

appropriate warning text.

NOTE Refer to [14] for general information on hazards from batteries.

+0,1

25,4

0

+0,1

57,1

0

+0,1 ∅ 31,7 0

IEC


NOTE This gauge defines a swallowable component and is defined in ISO 8124-1 [16].

WARNING

Figure 9 – Ingestion gauge

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. Swallowing

can lead to chemical burns, perforation of soft tissue, and

death. Severe burns can occur within 2 hours of ingestion.

Seek medical attention immediately.

IEC

Figure 10 – Example for warning against swallowing,

particularly lithium coin cell batteries

b) Do not allow children to replace batteries without adult supervision

c) Always insert batteries correctly with regard to polarity (+ and –) marked on the

battery and the equipment

When batteries are inserted in reverse they might be short-circuited or charged.

This can cause overheating, leakage, venting, rupture, explosion, fire and personal

injury.

d) Do not short-circuit batteries

When the positive (+) and negative (–) terminals of a battery are in electrical

contact with each other, the battery becomes short-circuited. For example loose

batteries in a pocket with keys or coins, can be short-circuited. This can result in

venting, leakage, explosion, fire and personal injury.

e) Do not charge batteries

Attempting to charge a non-rechargeable (primary) battery can cause internal gas

and/or heat generation resulting in leakage, venting, explosion, fire and personal

injury.

f) Do not force discharge batteries

When batteries are force discharged by means of an external power source, the voltage

of the battery will be forced below its design capability and gases will be generated

inside the battery. This can result in leakage, venting, explosion, fire and personal injury.

g) Do not mix new and used batteries or batteries of different types or brands

When replacing batteries, replace all of them at the same time with new batteries

of the same brand and type. When batteries of different brand or type are used

together or new and used batteries are used together, some batteries might be

over-discharged / force discharged due to a difference of voltage or capacity. This

can result in leakage, venting, explosion or fire, and can cause personal injury.

h) Exhausted batteries should be immediately removed from equipment and

properly disposed of

When discharged batteries are kept in the equipment for a long time, electrolyte

leakage can occur causing damage to the equipment and/or personal injury.

i) Do not heat batteries

When a battery is exposed to heat, leakage, venting, explosion or fire can occur

and cause personal injury.

j) Do not weld or solder directly to batteries

The heat from welding or soldering directly to a battery can cause leakage, venting,

explosion or fire, and can cause personal injury.

k) Do not dismantle batteries

When a battery is dismantled or taken apart, contact with the components can be

harmful and can cause personal injury or fire.

l) Do not deform batteries

Batteries should not be crushed, punctured, or otherwise mutilated. Such abuse can

cause leakage, venting, explosion or fire, and can cause personal injury.

m) Do not dispose of batteries in fire

When batteries are disposed of in fire, the heat build-up can cause explosion

and/or fire and personal injury. Do not incinerate batteries except for approved

disposal in a controlled incinerator.

n) A lithium battery with a damaged container should not be exposed to water

Lithium metal in contact with water can produce hydrogen gas, fire, explosion

and/or cause personal injury.

o) Do not encapsulate and/or modify batteries

Encapsulation or any other modification to a battery can result in blockage of the

safety vent mechanism(s) and subsequent explosion and personal injury. Advice

from the battery manufacturer should be sought if it is considered necessary to make

any modification.

p) Store unused batteries in their original packaging away from metal objects. If

already unpacked, do not mix or jumble batteries

Unpacked batteries could get jumbled or get mixed with metal objects. This can

cause battery short-circuiting which can result in leakage, venting, explosion or fire,

and personal injury. One of the best ways to prevent this from happening is to store

unused batteries in their original packaging.

q) Remove batteries from equipment if it is not to be used for an extended period

of time unless it is for emergency purposes

It is advantageous to remove batteries immediately from equipment which has

ceased to function satisfactorily, or when a long period of disuse is anticipated

(e.g. camcorders, digital cameras, photoflash, etc.). Although most lithium batteries

on the market today are highly leak resistant, a battery that has been partially or

completely exhausted might be more prone to leak than one that is unused.

7.3 Packaging

The packaging shall be adequate to avoid mechanical damage during transport,

handling and stacking. The materials and packaging design shall be chosen so as to

prevent the development of unintentional electrical contact, short-circuit, shifting and

corrosion of the terminals, and afford some protection from the environment.

7.4 Handling of Battery Cartons

Battery cartons should be handled with care. Rough handling might result in batteries

being short-circuited or damaged. This can cause leakage, explosion, or fire.

7.5 Transport

7.5.1 General

Tests and requirements for the transport of lithium cells or batteries are

given in IEC 62281 [12].

Regulations concerning international transport of lithium batteries are based on

the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods [18].

Regulations for transport are subject to change. For the transport of lithium

batteries, the latest editions of the following regulations should be consulted.

7.5.2 Air Transport

Regulations concerning air transport of lithium batteries are specified in the Technical

Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air published by the

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) [2] and in the Dangerous Goods

Regulations published by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) [1].

7.5.3 Sea Transport

Regulations concerning sea transport of lithium batteries are specified in the

International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code published by the

International Maritime Organization (IMO) [13].

7.5.4 Land Transport

Regulations concerning road and railroad transport are specified on a national or

multilateral basis. W hile an increasing number of regulators adopt the UN Model

Regulations [18], it is recommended that country-specific transport regulations be

consulted before shipping.

7.6 Display and Storage

a) Store batteries in well ventilated, dry and cool conditions

High temperature or high humidity can cause deterioration of the battery

performance and/or surface corrosion.

b) Do not stack battery cartons on top of each other exceeding a specified height

If too many battery cartons are stacked, batteries in the lowest cartons might be

deformed and electrolyte leakage can occur.

c) Avoid storing or displaying batteries in direct sun or in places where they get

exposed to rain

When batteries get wet, their insulation resistance might be impaired and self-

discharge and corrosion can occur. Heat can cause deterioration.

d) Store and display batteries in their original packing

When batteries are unpacked and mixed they can be short-circuited or

damaged. See Annex C for additional details.

7.7 Disposal

Batteries may be disposed of via communal refuse arrangements provided no local

rules to the contrary exist.

During transport, storage and handling for disposal, the following safety precautions

should be considered:

a) Do not dismantle batteries

Some ingredients of lithium batteries might be flammable or harmful. They can

cause injuries, fire, rupture or explosion.

b) Do not dispose of batteries in fire except under conditions of approved and

controlled incineration

Lithium burns violently. Lithium batteries can explode in a fire. Combustion

products from lithium batteries can be toxic and corrosive.

c) Store collected batteries in a clean and dry environment out of direct sunlight

and away from extreme heat

Dirt and wetness might cause short-circuits and heat. Heat might cause leakage of

flammable gas. This can result in fire, rupture or explosion.

d) Store collected batteries in a well-ventilated area

Used batteries might contain a residual charge. If they are short-circuited,

abnormally charged or force discharged, leakage of flammable gas might be

caused. This can result in fire, rupture or explosion.

e) Do not mix collected batteries with other materials

Used batteries might contain residual charge. If they are short-circuited,

abnormally charged or force discharged, the generated heat can ignite flammable

wastes such as oily rags, paper or wood and cause a fire.

f) Protect battery terminals

Protection of terminals should be considered by providing insulation, particularly

for those batteries with a high voltage. Unprotected terminals might cause short-

circuits, abnormal charging and forced discharge. This can result in leakage, fire,

rupture or explosion.

8 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

a) Always select the correct size and type of battery most suitable for the

intended use. Information provided with the equipment to assist correct battery

selection should be retained for reference.

b)

c) Replace all batteries of a set at the same time.

d) Clean the battery contacts and also those of the equipment prior to battery

installation.

e) Ensure that the batteries are installed correctly with regard to polarity (+ and –).

f) Remove exhausted batteries promptly.

9 MARKING

9.1 General

With the exception of small batteries (see 9.2), each battery shall be marked

with the following information:

a) designation, IEC or common;

b) Expiration of a recommended usage period or year and month or week of

manufacture. The year and month or week of manufacture may be in code;

c) polarity of the positive (+) terminal;

d) nominal voltage;

e) name or trade mark of the manufacturer or supplier;

f) cautionary advice;

g) Caution for ingestion of swallowable batteries, see also 7.2 a).

9.2 Small Batteries

For batteries that fit entirely within the Ingestion Gauge (Figure 9) the designation 9.1

a) and the polarity 9.1c) shall be marked on the battery, while all other markings

shown in 9.1 may be given on the immediate package. However, when batteries are

intended for direct sale in consumer-replaceable applications, caution for ingestion

9.1g) shall also be marked on the immediate package.

9.3 Safety Pictograms

Safety pictograms that could be considered for use as an alternative to written

cautionary advice are provided in Annex D.

Annex A (informative)

Guidelines for the achievement of safety of lithium batteries

The guidelines given in Figure A.1 were followed during the development of high power batteries for consumer use. They are given here for information.

Design Prevent abnormal temperature rise of the battery by incorporating a current

limitation

EXAMPLE

High current drain can result in a rapid temperature increase in the lithium battery. The designer should make sure that the current drain is controlled by design. One method that has been used successfully is the incorporation of a resettable PTC which activates rapidly when the battery is exposed to a current drain exceeding its design criteria.

Provide intrinsic current limitation In the design of the battery, the designer should make sure that the current flow is limited if the battery temperature rises above its design criteria. One method that has been used successfully is to incorporate a separator system whose ability to pass current is significantly reduced with excess temperature.

Prevent explosion of the battery by a means to release internal pressure when temperature rises excessively

Lithium batteries are tightly sealed to prevent leakage. Therefore, the design of the battery should provide a method to release excessive internal pressure. This should occur at a temperature range consistent with the battery’s design criteria

Pilot production

Confirm that actual batteries can be produced according to design quality

Establish necessary safety precautions

Mass production

Mass production of batteries according to design quality

Request equipment manufacturers to carefully observe the safety

precautions

Reject defects in the production process

Make this information available to end users

Inspection Confirm that batteries meet design quality

Reject defects by the inspection

IEC

Figure A.1 – Battery design guidelines

ANNEX B (informative)

GUIDELINES FOR DESIGNERS OF EQUIPMENT USING LITHIUM BATTERIES

Table B.1 sets out the guidelines to be used by designers of equipment which employs

lithium batteries (see also Doc ETD 10 (10244) ,Annex B, for guidelines for the

design of battery compartments).

Table B.1 – Equipment design guidelines (1 of 3)

Item Sub-item Recommendations Possible

consequences if

the (1) When a

lithium

battery is used

as main power

source

(1.1) Selection of

a suitable battery

Select most suitable

battery for the

equipment, taking note

of its electrical

characteristics

Battery might

overheat

(1.2) Number of

batteries (series

connection or

parallel

connection) to be

used and method of

use

a) Multi-cell

batteries (2CR5, CR-

P2, 2CR13252

and others); one

piece only

If the capacity of

batteries in series

connection is

different, the

battery with the

lower capacity will

be over

discharged. This

can result in

electrolyte

leakage,

overheating,

rupture, explosion

or fire

b) Cylindrical

batteries (CR17345

and others); less than

three pieces

c) Coin type batteri

es (CR2016, CR2025,

CR11108 and others);

less than three pieces

d) When more than

one battery is used,

different types should

not be used in the

same battery

compartment

e) When batteries

are

used in parallela

protection against

charging should be

provided

If the voltages of

batteries in parallel

connection are

different, the battery

with the lower

voltage will

become charged.

This can result in

electrolyte

leakage,

overheating,

rupture, explosion

or fire

(1.3) Design of

battery circuit

a) Battery circuit

shall be isolated from

any other

power source

Battery might be

charged.

This can result in

electrolyte leakage,

overheating,

rupture, explosion

or fire

b) Protective

devices such as

fuses shall be

incorporated in the

circuit

Short-circuiting a

battery can result in


overheating,

rupture, explosion

or fire

a See 7.1.3.

Table B.1 (2 of 3)

Ite

m

Sub-

Item

Recommendatio

ns

Possible

consequences if

the (2) When a lithium

battery is used as

back-up power

source

(2.1) Design of

battery circuit

The battery should

be

used in separate

circuit so that it is

not force

discharged or

charged by the main

power source

Battery might be

over- discharged

to reverse

polarity or charged.

This can result in


overheating,

rupture, explosion

or fire

(2.2) Design of

battery circuit for

memory back-up

application

When a battery is

connected to the

circuit of a main

power source with

the possibility of

being

charged, a

protective circuit

must be provided

with a combination

of

diode and resistor.

The accumulated

amount of

the leakage current

of the diode should

be below 2 %

of the battery

capacity

during expected life

time

Battery might be

charged.

This can result in


overheating,

rupture, explosion

or fire

(3) Battery holder and battery

compartment

a) Battery

compartments

should be designed

so that if a battery is

reversed,

open circuit is

achieved. Battery

compartments should

be clearly and

permanently marked

to show the correct

orientation of

batteries

Unless protection is

provided against

battery reversal,

damage to

equipment can

occur from

resultant

electrolyte

leakage,

overheating,

rupture, explosion

or fire

b) Battery

compartments

should be designed

so that batteries

other than the

specified size cannot

be inserted and make

contact

Equipment might

be

damaged or might

not operate

c) Battery

compartments

should be designed

to

allow generated

gases to escape

Battery

compartments might

be damaged when

internal pressure of

the

battery becomes too

high due to gas

generation

d) Battery

compartments

should be designed

to be water proof

e) Battery

compartments

should be designed

to be explosion

proof when

tightly sealed

f) Battery

compartments should

be isolated from

heat generated by

the equipment

Battery might be

deformed and leak

electrolyte due to

excessive heat

g) Battery

compartments

should be designed

so that they cannot

easily be

opened by children

Children might

remove batteries

from the

compartment and

swallow them

Table B.1 (3 of 3)

Ite

m

Sub-

Item

Recommendatio

ns

Possible

consequences if

the (4) Contacts and terminals a) Material and

shape of contacts

and terminals

should be selected

so that effective

electric contact is

maintained

Heat might generate

at the contact due to

insufficient

connection

b) Auxiliary circuit

should be designed

to prevent reverse

installation of

batteries

Equipment might

be

damaged or might

not operate

c) Contact and

terminal should be

designed to

prevent reverse

installation of

batteries

Equipment might

be

damaged. Battery

might cause


overheating, rupture,

explosion or fire

d) Direct soldering

or

welding to a battery

should be avoided

Battery might leak,

overheat, rupture,

explode or catch

fire

(5) Indication of

necessary

precautions

(5.1) On the

equipment

Orientation of

batteries

(polarity) should be

clearly indicated at

the battery

compartment

When a battery is

inserted reverse and

charged, it

can result in


overheating,

rupture, explosion

or fire

(5.2) In the

instruction manual

Precautions for the

proper handling of

batteries

should be indicated

Batteries might be

mishandled and

cause accidents

ANNEX C (informative)

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON DISPLAY AND STORAGE

This annex provides additional details concerning display and storage of lithium

batteries to those already given in 7.6.

The storage area should be clean, cool, dry, ventilated and weatherproof.

For normal storage, the temperature should be between +10 °C and +25 °C and should

never exceed +30 °C. Extremes of humidity (over 95 % and below 40 % relative

humidity) for sustained periods should be avoided since they are detrimental to

both batteries and packings. Batteries should therefore not be stored next to radiators

or boilers nor in direct sunlight.

Although the storage life of batteries at room temperature is excellent, storage is

improved at lower temperatures provided that special precautions are taken. The

batteries should be enclosed in special protective packing (such as sealed plastic bags

or variants) which should be retained to protect the batteries from condensation

during the time they are warming to ambient temperature. Accelerated warming is

harmful.

Batteries which have been cold-stored may be put into use after return to ambient

temperature.

Batteries may be stored fitted in equipment or packages, if determined suitable by the

battery manufacturer.

The height to which batteries may be stacked is clearly dependent on the strength

of the packaging. As a general rule, this height should not exceed 1,5 m for cardboard

packages or 3 m for wooden cases.

The above recommendations are equally valid for storage conditions during prolonged

transit. Thus, batteries should be stored away from ship engines and not left for long

periods in unventilated metal box cars (containers) during summer.

Batteries shall be dispatched promptly after manufacture and in rotation to distribution

centres and on to the users. In order that stock rotation (first in, first out) can be

practised, storage areas and displays should be properly designed and packs adequately

marked.

ANNEX D (informative)

SAFETY PICTOGRAMS

D.1 General

Cautionary advice to fulfill the marking requirements in this standard has, on a

historical basis, been in the form of written text. In recent years, there has been a

growing trend toward the use of pictograms as a complementary or alternative means

of product safety communication.

The objectives of this annex are: (1) to establish uniform pictogram recommendations

that are tied to long-used and specific written text, (2) to minimize the proliferation of

safety pictogram designs, and (3) to lay the foundation for the use of safety

pictograms instead of written text to communicate product safety and cautionary

statements.

D.2 Pictograms

The pictogram recommendations and cautionary advice are given in Table D.1.

Table D.1 – Safety pictograms (1 of 2)

Referen

ce

Pictogram Cautionary advice

A

DO NOT CHARGE

B

DO NOT DEFORM OR

DAMAGE

C

DO NOT DISPOSE OF IN

FIRE

D

DO NOT INSERT

INCORRECTLY

NOTE The grey shading highlights a white margin appearing when the pictogram

is printed on coloured or black background.

Table D.1 (2 of 2)

Referen

ce


E

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF

CHILDREN

F

DO NOT MIX

DIFFERENT TYPES OR

BRANDS

G

DO NOT MIX NEW AND

USED

H

DO NOT OPEN OR

DISMANTLE

I

DO NOT SHORT CIRCUIT

J

INSERT CORRECTLY

NOTE The grey shading highlights a white margin appearing when the pictogram

is printed on coloured or black background.

D.3 Instruction for Use

The following instructions are provided for use of the pictograms.

a) Pictograms shall be clearly legible.

b) Whilst colours are permitted, they shall not detract from the information displayed.

If colours are used, the background of pictogram J should be blue and the circle

and diagonal bar of the other pictograms should be red.

c) Not all of the pictograms need to be used together for a particular type or brand of

battery.

In particular, pictogram D and J are meant as alternatives for a similar purpose.

Doc: ETD 10(10244)





PRIMARY BATTERIES – SAFETY OF BATTERIES WITH AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE


0 Foreword


1 SCOPE

This standard specifies tests and requirements for primary batteries with aqueous

electrolyte to ensure their safe operation under intended use and reasonably

foreseeable misuse.

2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this

document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,

the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

IS No.

Title

Doc ETD (6901) Primary batteries - General

Doc ETD (6902) Multipurpose dry batteries

Doc ETD (10240) Alkaline battery

Doc ETD (10239) Watch batteries

Doc ETD (10307): Primary Batteries: Physical and Electrical Specifications

IEC 60068-2-6

Environmental testing – Part 2-6: Tests – Test Fc :

Vibrations (sinusoidal)

IEC 60068-2-27

Environmental testing – Part 2-27: Tests – Test Ea and

guidance: Shock

IEC 60068-2-31

Environmental testing – Part 2-31: Tests – Test Ec: Rough

handling shocks, primarily for equipment-type specimens

3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in IS 6303 as well

as the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1 Battery

One or more cells electrically connected by permanent means, fitted in a case, with

terminals, markings and protective devices etc, as necessary for use

3.2 Button Battery

Small round battery, where the overall height is less than the diameter.

3.3 Cell Basic functional unit, consisting of an assembly of electrodes, electrolyte, container,

terminals and usually separators that is a source of electric energy obtained by direct

conversion of chemical energy

3.4 Cylindrical (Cell or Battery)

Cell or battery with a cylindrical shape in which the overall height is equal to or

greater than the diameter

3.5 Explosion (Battery Explosion)

An instantaneous release wherein solid matter from any part of the battery is

propelled to a distance greater than 25 cm away from the battery

3.6 Harm

Physical injury or damage to the health of people.

3.7 Hazard

Potential source of harm

3.8 Intended Use

Use of a product, process or service in accordance with information provided by the

supplier

3.9 Leakage

Unplanned escape of electrolyte, gas or other material from a cell or battery

3.10 Nominal Voltage (Of A Primary Battery)

Vn (symbol)

Suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell, a battery

or an electrochemical system

3.11 Primary (Cell or Battery)

Cell or battery that is not designed to be electrically recharged

3.12 Prismatic (Cell or Battery)

Cell or battery having the shape of a parallelepiped whose faces are rectangular

3.13 Protective Device

device such as a fuse, a diode or other electric or electronic current limiter

designed to interrupt the current flow in an electrical circuit


Use of a product, process or service in a way not intended by the supplier, but which

may result from readily predictable human behavior.

0

3.15 Risk

Combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm

3.16 Round (Cell or Battery)

Cell or battery with circular cross section

3.17 Safety

Freedom from unacceptable risk

3.18 Undischarged

State of charge of a primary cell or battery corresponding to 0 % depth of discharge

3.19 Venting

release of excessive internal pressure from a battery in a manner intended by

design to preclude explosion

4 REQUIREMENTS FOR SAFETY

4.1 Design

4.1.1 General

Batteries shall be so designed that they do not present a safety hazard under

conditions of normal (intended) use.

4.1.2 Venting

All batteries shall incorporate a pressure relief feature or shall be so constructed that

they will relieve excessive internal pressure at a value and rate which will preclude

explosion. If encapsulation is necessary to support cells within an outer case, the type

of encapsulant and the method of encapsulation shall not cause the battery to overheat

during normal operation nor inhibit the operation of the pressure relief feature.

The battery case material and/or its final assembly shall be so designed that, in the

event of one or more cells venting, the battery case does not present a hazard in its own

right.

4.1.3 Insulation resistance

The insulation resistance between externally exposed metal surfaces of the battery

excluding

electrical contact surfaces and either terminal shall be not less than 5 MΩ at 500

0+100V

4.2 Quality Plan

The manufacturer shall prepare a quality plan defining the procedures for the inspection

of materials, components, cells and batteries during the course of manufacture, to be

applied to the total process of producing a specific type of battery.

A Partial use

(n = 5)

B-1 Transportation-

shock (n = 5)

B-2 Transportation-

vibration (n = 5)

C Climatic (n = 5)

5 SAMPLING

5.1 General

Samples should be drawn from production lots in accordance with accepted

statistical methods.

5.2 Sampling for Type Approval

The number of samples drawn for type approval is given in Figure 1.

Open circuit voltage (n = 70) Dimensions (n = 70)

Intended

use

Reasonably

foreseeable

misuse

D

Incorrect

installati

on see

NOTE 1

(n = 20)

E

Exter

nal

short

circui

t (n =

5)

F

Over-

discharg

e see

NOTE 2

(n =

20)

G

Fre

e

fall

(n = 5)

NOTE 1 Four batteries connected in series with one of the four batteries reversed (5 sets).

NOTE 2 Four batteries connected in series, one of which is discharged (5 sets).

Figure 1 – Sampling for type approval tests and number of batteries required

6 TESTING AND REQUIREMENTS

6.1 General

6.1.1 Applicable safety tests

Applicable safety tests are shown in Table 1.

The tests described in Tables 2 and 6 are intended to simulate conditions which the

battery is likely to encounter during intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse.

Table 1 – Test matrix

Syste

m

letter

Nega

tive

elect

Electrolyte

Positive

electrode

No

mi

nal

vol

Fo

rm

Applicable tests

A B-

1

C D E F G

No

letter

Zinc

(Zn)

Ammonium

chloride,

Zinc

chloride

Manganese

dioxide

(MnO2)

1,5 R NR

B N

R Pr x x x x x x x

M x x x N

R

x x x

A Zinc

(Zn)

Ammonium

chloride,

Zinc

chloride

Oxygen

(O2)

1,4 R x x x N

R

x x x

B N

R Pr x x x x x x x

M x x x N

R

x x x

L Zinc

(Zn)

Alkali metal

hydroxide

Manganese

dioxide

(MnO2)

1,5 R x x x x x x x

B x x x N

R

x N

R

x

Pr x x x x x x x

M x x x N

R

x N

R

x

P Zinc

(Zn)

Alkali metal

hydroxide

Oxygen air

(O2)

1,4 R NR

B N

R

x x N

R

x N

R

x

Pr x x x x x x x

M N

R S Zinc

(Zn)

Alkali metal

hydroxide

Silver

oxide

(Ag2O)

1,55 R x x x N

R

x N

R

x

B x x x N

R

x N

R

x

Pr x x x x x x x

M N

R Test description:

A: storage after partial use Key x: required

B-1: transportation-shock R: cylindrical (3.4) NR: Not required

B-2: transportation-vibration B: button (3.2)

C: climatic-temperature cycling Pr: prismatic

single cell

(3.12)

D: incorrect installation

M:Systems L and S button cells or batteries under 250 mAh capacity and system P button cells or

batteries under 700 mAh capacity are exempt from any testing.

6.1.2 Safety notice

WARNING

These tests call for the use of procedures which may result in injury if adequate precautions are

not taken.

It has been assumed in the drafting of these tests that their execution is undertaken by

appropriately qualified and experienced technicians using adequate protection.

6.1.3 Ambient temperature

Unless otherwise specified, these tests shall be carried out at (27 ±5) °C.

6.2 Intended Use

6.2.1 Intended Use Tests and Requirements

Table 2 – Intended use tests and requirements

Test Intended use simulation Requirements

Electrical test A Storage after partial use No leakage (NL)

No fire (NF)

No explosion (NE)

Environmental

tests

B-1 Transportation-shock No leakage (NL)

No fire (NF)

No explosion (NE)

B-2 Transportation-vibration No leakage (NL)

No fire (NF)

No explosion (NE)

Climatic-

temperature

C Climatic-temperature

cycling

No fire (NF)

No explosion (NE)

6.2.2 Intended Use Test Procedures

6.2.2.1 Test A – Storage after partial use

a) Purpose

This test simulates the situation when an appliance is switched off and the installed

batteries are partly discharged. These batteries may be left in the appliance for a

long time or they are removed from the appliance and stored for a long time.

b) Test procedure

An undischarged battery is discharged under an application/service output test

condition, with the lowest resistive load test as defined in Doc ETD

(10240) ,Doc ETD (10239) and Doc ETD (10307) until the service life falls

by 50 % of the minimum average duration (MAD) value, followed by storage at (45

±5) °C for 30 days.

c) Requirements

There shall be no leakage, no fire and no explosion during this test.

6.2.2.2 Test B-1 – Transportation-shock

a) Purpose

This test simulates the situation when an appliance is carelessly dropped with

batteries installed in it. This test condition is generally specified in IEC 60068-2-27.

b) Test procedure

An undischarged battery shall be tested as follows.

The shock test shall be carried out under the conditions defined in Table 3

and the sequence in Table 4.

Shock pulse – The shock pulse applied to the battery shall be as follows:

Table 3 – Shock pulse

Accelerat

ion

Waveform Minimum average

acceleration first

three milliseconds

Peak acceleration

75 gn 125 gn to 175 gn Half sine

NOTE gn = 9,80665 m/s².

Table 4 – Test

sequence

Step Storage time Battery

orientation

Number of

shocks

Visual

examination

periods

1 – – – Pre-test 2 – a 1

each

–

3 – a 1

each

–

4

–

a

1

– 5 1

h

– – –

6 – – – Post-test

a The shock shall be applied in each of three mutually perpendicular directions.

Step 1 Record open circuit voltage in accordance with 5.2.

Steps 2 to 4 Apply shock test specified in Table 3 and the sequence in Table 4.

Step 5 Rest battery for 1 h.

Step 6 Record examination results.

c) Requirements


6.2.2.3 Test B-2 – Transportation-vibration

a) Purpose

This test simulates vibration during transportation. This test condition is

generally specified in IEC 60068-2-6.

b) Test procedure

An undischarged battery shall be tested as follows.

The vibration test shall be carried out under the following test conditions and the

sequence in Table 5.

Vibration – A simple harmonic motion shall be applied to the battery having an

amplitude of 0,8 mm, with a total maximum excursion of 1,6 mm. The frequency

shall be varied at the rate of 1 Hz/min between the limits of 10 Hz and 55 Hz.

The entire range of frequencies (10 Hz to 55 Hz) and return (55 Hz to 10 Hz) shall

be traversed in (90 ±5) min for each mounting position (direction of vibration).

Table 5 – Test sequence

Step Storage

time

Battery

orientation

Vibration time Visual examination

periods

1 – – – Pre-test 2 – a (90 ±5) min each –

3 – a (90 ±5) min each –

4 – a

(90 5) min

–

5 1

h

–

–

–

6 – –

–

Post-test

a The vibration shall be applied in each of three mutually perpendicular directions.

Step 1 Record open circuit voltage in accordance with 5.2.

Steps 2 to 4 Apply the vibration specified in 6.2.2.3 in the sequence in Table 5.

Step 5 Rest battery for 1 h.

Step 6 Record examination results.

c) Requirements


t1

6.2.2.4 Test C – Climatic-temperature cycling

a) Purpose

This test assesses the integrity of the battery seal which may be impaired

after temperature cycling.

b) Test procedure

An undischarged battery shall be tested under the following procedure. Temperature

cycling procedure (see 1) to 7) below and/or Figure 2)

1) Place the batteries in a test chamber and raise the temperature of the chamber

to (70 ±5) °C within t1 = 30 min.

2) Maintain the chamber at this temperature for t2 = 4 h.

3) Reduce the temperature of the chamber to (20 ±5) °C within t1 = 30 min and

maintain at this temperature for t3 = 2 h.

4) Reduce the temperature of the chamber to (–20 ±5) °C within t1 = 30 min and

maintain at this temperature for t2 = 4 h.

5) Raise the temperature of the chamber to (20 ±5) °C within t1 = 30 min.

6) Repeat the sequence for a further nine cycles.

7) After the 10th cycle, store the batteries for seven days prior to examination.

70 °C

20 °C

–20 °C

t1

t1 = 30 min

t2 = 4 h

t3 = 2 h

t2

t

1

t3 t1 t2 t1

IEC 427/11

Figure 2 – Temperature cycling procedure

c) Requirements

There shall be no fire and no explosion during this test.


6.3.1 Reasonably Foreseeable Misuse Tests and Requirements

Table 6 – Reasonably foreseeable misuse tests and

requirements

Test Misuse simulation Requirements

Electrical tests D Incorrect installation No fire (NF)

No explosion (NE)*

E External short circuit No fire

(NF) No

explosion

(NE)

F Overdischarge No fire

(NF) No

explosion

(NE)

Environmental test G Free fall No fire

(NF) No

explosion

(NE)

* See NOTE 2 of 6.3.2.1b)

6.3.2 Reasonably Foreseeable Misuse Test Procedures

6.3.2.1 Test D – Incorrect installation (four batteries in series)

a) Purpose

This test simulates the condition when one battery in a set is reversed.

b) Test procedure

Four undischarged batteries of the same brand, type and origin shall be

connected in series with one reversed (B1) as shown in Figure 3. The circuit shall

be completed for 24 h or until the battery case temperature has returned to ambient.

The resistance of the inter-connecting circuitry shall not exceed 0.1 Ω.

B

1

– + – + – + + –

IEC 428/11

Figure 3 – Circuit diagram for incorrect installation (four batteries in series)

NOTE 1 The circuit in Figure 3 simulates a typical misuse condition.

NOTE 2 Primary batteries are not designed to be charged. However, reversed installation of a battery in a series

of three or more exposes the reversed battery to a charging condition. Although cylindrical batteries are designed to

relieve excessive internal pressure, in some instances an explosion may not be precluded. Therefore, the user should

be clearly advised to install batteries correctly with regard to polarity (+ and –) to avoid this hazard. (See 9.1f)).

c) Requirements

There shall be no fire and no explosion during this test (see NOTE 2 of 6.3.2.1b).

6.3.2.2 Test E – External short circuit

a) Purpose

This misuse may occur during daily handling of batteries.

b) Test procedure

An undischarged battery shall be connected as shown in Figure 4. The circuit

shall be completed for 24 h or until the battery case temperature has returned to

ambient. The resistance of the inter-connecting circuitry shall not exceed 0.1 Ω.

– +

IEC 429/11

Figure 4 – Circuit diagram for external short circuit

c) Requirements


6.3.2.3 Test F – Over discharge

a) Purpose

This test simulates the condition when one (1) discharged battery is series-

connected with three (3) other undischarged batteries.

b) Test procedure

One undischarged battery (C1) is discharged under the application or service

output test condition, with the highest MAD value (expressed in time units), as

defined in IS 15063, IS 11675 and IS XXXX until the on-load voltage falls to (n x

0,6 V) where n is the number of cells in the battery. Then, three undischarged

batteries and one discharged battery (C1) of the same brand, type and origin shall

be connected in series as shown in Figure 5. The discharge shall be continued until

the total on-load voltage falls to four times (n x 0,6 V).

The value of the resistor (R1) shall be approximately four times the lowest value from the

resistive load tests specified for that battery in IS 15063, IS 11675 and IS XXXX. The final

value of the resistor (R1) shall be the nearest value to that prescribed in 6.4 of IS 6303.

C1

– + – + – + – + R1

IEC 430/11

Figure 5 – Circuit diagram for over discharge

c) Requirements

There shall be no fire and no explosion during this

test.

6.3.2.4 Test G – Free fall test

a) Purpose

This test simulates the situation when a battery is accidentally dropped. The test

condition is based upon IEC 60068-2-31.

b) Test procedure

Undischarged test batteries shall be dropped from a height of 1 m onto a concrete

surface. Each test battery shall be dropped six times, a prismatic battery once on

each of its six faces, a round battery twice in each of the three axes shown in Figure

6. The test batteries shall be stored for 1 h afterwards.

z

x y

IEC 431/11

Figure 6 – XYZ axes for free fall

c) Requirements


7 Information for Safety

7.1 Safety Precautions during Handling Of Batteries

When used correctly, primary batteries with aqueous electrolyte provide a safe and

dependable source of power. However, battery misuse or abuse may result in leakage,

or in extreme cases, fire and/or explosion.

a) Always insert batteries correctly with regard to the polarities (+ and –) marked

on the battery and the equipment

Batteries which are incorrectly placed into equipment may be short-circuited, or

charged. This can result in a rapid temperature rise causing venting, leakage,

explosion and personal injury.

b) Do not short-circuit batteries

When the positive (+) and negative (–) terminals of a battery are in electrical

contact with each other, the battery becomes short-circuited. For example loose

batteries in a pocket and/or handbag with keys or coins can be short-circuited. This

may result in venting, leakage, explosion and personal injury.

c) Do not charge batteries

Attempting to charge a non-rechargeable (primary) battery may cause internal gas

and/or heat generation resulting in venting, leakage, explosion and personal injury.

d) Do not force discharge batteries

When batteries are force discharged with an external power source, the voltage

of the battery will be forced below its design capability and gases will be

generated inside the battery. This may result in venting, leakage, explosion and

personal injury.

e) Do not mix old and new batteries or batteries of different types or brands

When replacing batteries, replace all of them at the same time with new batteries

of the same brand and type.

When batteries of different brand or type are used together, or new and old

batteries are used together, some batteries may be over-discharged due to a

difference of voltage or capacity. This can result in venting, leakage and explosion

and may cause personal injury.

f) Exhausted batteries should be immediately removed from equipment and

properly disposed of

When discharged batteries are kept in the equipment for a long time, electrolyte

leakage may occur causing damage to the appliance and/or personal injury.

g) Do not heat batteries

When a battery is exposed to heat, venting, leakage and explosion may occur and

cause personal injury.

h) Do not weld or solder directly to batteries

The heat from welding or soldering directly to a battery may cause internal short-

circuiting resulting in venting, leakage and explosion and may cause personal injury.

i) Do not dismantle batteries

When a battery is dismantled or taken apart, contact with the components can be

harmful and may cause personal injury or possibly fire.

0

25,4

+0

,1

0

57,1

+0

,1

0

j) Do not deform batteries

Batteries should not be crushed, punctured, or otherwise mutilated. Such abuse may

result in venting, leakage and explosion and cause personal injury.

k) Do not dispose of batteries in fire

When batteries are disposed of in fire, the heat build-up may cause explosion and

personal injury. Do not incinerate batteries except for approved disposal in a

controlled incinerator.

l) Keep batteries out of the reach of children

Especially keep batteries which are considered swallowable out of the reach of

children, particularly those batteries fitting within the limits of the ingestion

gauge as defined in Figure 7. In case of ingestion of a cell or a battery, the person

involved should seek medical assistance promptly.


∅ 31,7 +0,1

IEC 265/11

Figure 7 – Ingestion gauge (Inner dimensions)

m) Do not allow children to replace batteries without adult supervision

n) Do not encapsulate and/or modify batteries

Encapsulation, or any other modification to a battery, may result in blockage of the

safety vent mechanism(s) and subsequent explosion and personal injury. Advice

from the battery manufacturer should be sought if it is considered necessary to make

any modification.

o) Store unused batteries in their original packaging away from metal objects. If

already unpacked, do not mix or jumble batteries.

Unpacked batteries could get jumbled or get mixed with metal objects. This can

cause battery short-circuiting which may result in venting, leakage and explosion

and personal injury; one of the best ways to avoid this happening is to store

unused batteries in their original packaging.

p) Remove batteries from equipment if it is not to be used for an extended period

of time unless it is for emergency purposes.

It is advantageous to remove batteries immediately from equipment which has

ceased to function satisfactorily, or when a long period of disuse is anticipated

(e.g. still-cameras, photoflash, etc.). Although most batteries on the market today

are provided with protective jackets or other means to contain leakage, a battery

that has been partially or completely exhausted may be more prone to leak than one

that is unused.

7.2 Packaging

The packaging shall be adequate to avoid mechanical damage during transport,

handling and stacking. The materials and packaging design shall be chosen so as to

prevent the development of unintentional electrical contact, corrosion of the

terminals and some protection from the environment.

7.3 Handling of Battery Cartons

Rough handling of battery cartons may result in battery damage and impaired

electrical performance and may result in leakage, explosion, or possibly fire.

7.4 Display and Storage a) Batteries shall be stored in well-ventilated, dry and cool conditions

High temperature or high humidity may cause deterioration of the battery

performance or surface corrosion.

b) Battery cartons should not be piled up in several layers (or should not exceed a

specified height)

If too many battery cartons are piled up, batteries in the lowest cartons may be

deformed and electrolyte leakage may occur.

c) When batteries are stored in warehouses or displayed in retail stores, they should

not be exposed to direct sun rays for a long time or placed in areas where they get

wet by rain

When batteries get wet, their insulation resistance decreases, self-discharge may

occur and rust may be generated.

d) Do not mix unpacked batteries so as to avoid mechanical damage and/or short-

circuit among each other

When mixed together, batteries may be subjected to physical damage or overheating

resulting from external short circuit. Leakage and/or explosion may then occur.

To avoid these possible hazards, batteries should be kept in their packaging until

required for use.

e) See Annex A for additional details

7.5 Transportation

When loaded for transportation, battery packages should be so arranged to minimise

the risk of falling e.g. one from the top of another. They should not be stacked so high

that damage to the lower packages occurs. Protection from inclement weather should be

provided.

7.6 Disposal

a) Do not dismantle batteries.

b) Do not dispose of batteries in fire except under conditions of controlled incineration.

c) Primary batteries may be disposed of via the communal refuse arrangements,

provided that no local rules to the contrary exist.

d) Where there is provision for the collection of used batteries, the following

should be considered:

i. Store collected batteries in a non-conductive

container.

ii. Store collected batteries in a well-ventilated area. Since some used batteries

may still contain a residual charge, they could be short circuited, charged or

force discharged and thereby evolve hydrogen gas. If collection containers

and storage areas are not properly ventilated, hydrogen gas can build up and

explode in the presence of an ignition source.

iii. Do not mix collected batteries with other materials. Since some used batteries

may still contain a residual charge, they could be short circuited, charged or

force discharged. The subsequent possible heat generation can ignite

flammable wastes such as oily rags, paper or wood and can cause a fire.

iv. Consider protecting used battery terminals, particularly those batteries with

high voltage, to preclude short circuits, charging and force discharging, for

instance, by means of covering battery terminals with insulating tape.

v. Failure to observe these recommendations may result in leakage, fire, and/or

explosion.

8 Instructions for use

a) Always select the correct size and grade of battery most suitable for the

intended use. Information provided with the equipment to assist correct battery

selection should be retained for reference.

b) Replace all batteries of a set at the same time.

c) Clean the battery contacts and also those of the equipment prior to battery

installation.

d) Ensure that the batteries are installed correctly with regard to polarity (+ and –).

e) Remove batteries from equipment which is not to be used for an extended period of

time.

f) Remove exhausted batteries promptly.

9 MARKING

9.1 General (see Table 7)

With the exception of small batteries (see 9.2), each battery shall be marked

with the following information:

a) designation, IEC or common;

b) expiration of a recommended usage period or year and month or week of

manufacture. The year and month or week of manufacture may be in code;

c) polarity of the positive (+) terminal;

d) nominal voltage;

e) name or trade mark of the manufacturer or supplier;

f) cautionary advice.

NOTE The common designation can be found in Annex D of Doc ETD 10 (10307).

9.2 Marking Of Small Batteries (See Table 7)

a) Batteries designated in IEC as small, mainly category 3 and category 4 batteries

have a surface too small to accommodate all markings shown in 9.1. For these

batteries the designation 9.1a) and the polarity 9.1c) shall be marked on the battery.

All other markings shown in 9.1 may be given on the immediate packing instead of

on the battery.

b) For P-system batteries, 9.1a) may be on the battery, the sealing tab or the

immediate packing. 9.1c) may be marked on the sealing tab and/or on the battery.

9.1b), 9.1d) and 9.1e) may be given on the immediate packing instead of on the

battery.

c) Caution for ingestion of swallowable batteries shall be given. Refer to 7.1l) for

details.

Table 7 – Marking requirements

Marking

Batteries

with the

exception of

Small batteries

P-

system a) Designation, IEC or common A A C

b) Expiration of a recommended usage

period or year and month or week of

manufacture. The

year and month or week of

A

B

B

c) Polarity of the positive (+) terminal A A D

d) Nominal voltage A B B

e) Name or trade mark of the

manufacturer or supplier

A

B

B

f) Cautionary advice A Ba Ba

A: shall be marked on the battery.

B: may be marked on the immediate packing instead on the battery.

C: may be marked on the battery, the sealing tab or the

immediate packing. D: may be marked on the sealing tab

and/or on the battery.

a Caution for ingestion of swallowable batteries shall be given. Refer to

7.1 l).

ANNEX A (informative)

Additional Information To 7.4

The purpose of this annex is to describe these good practices in general terms and,

more specifically, to warn against procedures known from experience to be harmful.

It takes the form of advice to battery manufacturers, distributors, users, and equipment

designers.

Storage and stock rotation

a) For normal storage, the temperature should be between +10 °C and +35 °C and

should never exceed +40 °C. Extremes of humidity (over 95 % RH and below 40 %

RH) for sustained periods should be avoided since they are detrimental to both

batteries and packing. Batteries should therefore not be stored next to radiators or

boilers nor in direct sunlight.

b) Although the storage life of batteries at room temperature is good, storage is

improved at lower temperatures provided special precautions are taken. The

batteries should be enclosed in special protective packing (such as sealed plastic

bags or variants) which should be retained to protect them from condensation

during the time they are warming to ambient temperature. Accelerated warming is

harmful.

c) Batteries which have been cold-stored should be put into use as soon as possible

after return to ambient temperature.

d) Batteries may be stored fitted in equipment or packages if determined suitable

by the battery manufacturer.

e) The height to which batteries may be stacked is clearly dependent on the strength

of the pack. As a general guide, this height should not exceed 1,5 m for cardboard

packs or 3 m for wooden cases.

f) The above recommendations are equally valid for storage conditions during

prolonged transit. Thus, batteries should be stored away from ship engines and

not left for long periods in unventilated metal box cars (containers) during summer.

g) Batteries should be dispatched promptly after manufacture and in rotation to

distribution centres and on to the users. In order that stock rotation (first-in, first-

out) can be practised, storage areas and displays should be properly designed and

packs should be adequately marked.

ANNEX B (informative)

Battery Compartment Design Guidelines

B.1 Background

B.1.1 General

In order to meet the ever-growing advances in battery-powered equipment

technology, primary batteries have become more sophisticated in both chemistry and

construction with resultant improvements to both capacity and rate capability.

Resulting from these continuing developments and recognising the need for both

safety and optimum battery performance it was established that the majority of

reported battery failures resulted from electrical abuse generally arising from

consumer accidental misuse.

The following text and figures are intended to aid the battery-powered equipment

designer to significantly reduce or eliminate such battery failures.

B.1.2 Battery failures resulting from poor battery compartment design

Poor battery compartment design may lead to reversed battery installation or to

short- circuiting of the batteries.

B.1.3 Potential hazards resulting from battery reversal

If a battery is reversed in a circuit with three or more batteries in series as shown in

Figure B.1, the following potential hazards exist:

a) charging of the reversed battery;

NOTE The charging current limited by the external circuit/load.

b) gas generation within the reversed battery;

c) vent activation of the reversed battery;

d) leakage of electrolyte from the reversed battery.

NOTE Battery electrolytes are harmful to body tissues.

Reversed battery

IEC 432/11

Figure B.1 – Example of series connection with one battery reversed

B.1.4 Potential Hazards Resulting From A Short Circuit

a) Heat generation resulting from high current flow.

b) Gas generation.

c) Vent activation.

d) Electrolyte leakage.

e) Heat damage to insulating jackets (e.g. shrinkage).

NOTE Battery electrolytes are harmful to body tissues and generated heat can cause burns.

B.2 General Guidance for Appliance Design

B.2.1 Key Battery Factors to Be First Considered

These guidelines are essentially directed toward cylindrical batteries with sizes

ranging from R1 to R20. The battery systems involved are commonly referred to as

alkaline manganese and zinc carbon. Whilst the two systems are interchangeable they

should never be used in combination.

The following physical differences between the two systems and permitted design

features should be noted during the early phases of battery compartment design.

a) The positive terminal of the alkaline manganese battery is connected to the battery

case.

b) The positive terminal of the zinc carbon battery is insulated from the battery

case.

c) Both battery types have an outer insulated jacket. This may be of paper, plastic or

other non-conductive material. On occasion, the outer jacket may be metallic

(conductive); in such instances this is insulated from the basic unit.

d) When forming the negative contact it should be noted that the corresponding battery

terminal may be recessed. (For clarification refer to IS 6303). To ensure good

electrical contact, completely flat negative equipment contacts should be avoided.

e) Under no circumstances should battery connectors or any part of the equipment

circuitry come into contact with the battery jacket. Any design of battery

compartment permitting this, risks the possibility of a short circuit.

NOTE For example, helical (not parallel) springs used for negative connection should compress uniformly when the battery

is inserted and not bridge across to the battery jacket. (Spring connection to the positive terminal of a battery is not

recommended.)

B.2.2 Other Important Factors to Consider

a) It is recommended that companies producing battery-powered equipment should

maintain close liaison with the battery industry. The capabilities of existing

batteries should be taken into account at design inception. W henever possible, the

battery type selected should be one included in IS 8144 Doc ETD 10 (6902), IS

15063 Doc ETD 10 (10240), Doc ETD 10 (10242).

b) Design compartments so that batteries are easily inserted and do not fall out.

c) Design compartments to prevent easy access to the batteries by young children.

d) Dimensions should not be tied to a particular battery manufacturer as this can create

problems when replacements of different origin are installed. Only consider the

battery dimensions and tolerances defined within Doc ETD 10 (6902), Doc ETD

10 (10240), Doc ETD 10 (10242)when designing the battery compartment.

e) Clearly indicate the type of battery to use, the correct polarity alignment (+ and

–) and directions for insertion.

f) Although batteries are very much improved regarding their resistance to leakage,

it can still occasionally occur. When the battery compartment cannot be completely

isolated from the equipment, it should be positioned so as to minimise possible

equipment damage from battery leakage.

g) Design equipment circuitry such that equipment will not operate below 0,7 V per

battery (0,7 V x ns where ns is the number of batteries connected in series).

To continue discharging below this level may result in unfavourable chemical

reactions within the battery/batteries resulting in leakage.

B.3 Specific Measures Against Reversed Installation

B.3.1 General

To overcome the problems associated with the reversed placement of a battery,

consideration should be given at the design stage to ensure that batteries cannot be

installed incorrectly or, if so installed, will not make electrical contact.

B.3.2 Design Of The Positive Contact

Some suggestions for the R03, R1, R6, R14 and R20 size battery compartments are

illustrated in Figures B.2 and B.3 below. Provision should also be made to prevent

unnecessary movement of batteries within the battery compartment.

NOTE Battery contacts should be shielded to prevent contact during reverse

installation.

Insulated ribs hold the

negative terminal away

from contact

IEC 433/11

IEC 434/11

Figure B.2a – Correct insertion of the battery Figure B.2b – Incorrect

insertion of the battery

Figure B.2 – Positive contact recessed between ribs

Negative terminal contacts only the insulated surround

IEC 436/11

IEC 435/11



Figure B.3 – Positive contact recessed within surrounding insulation

B.3.3 Design of the Negative Contact

The following suggestion is given for R03, R1, R6, R14 and R20 size battery

compartments (see Figure B.4).

Positive terminal does not contact U-shaped negative contact but only

insulated centre

IEC 437/11

IEC 438/11



Figure B.4 – Negative contact U-shaped to ensure no positive (+) battery contact

B.3.4 Design With Respect To Battery Orientation

In order to avoid reverse insertion of batteries, it is recommended that all batteries

have the same orientation. Examples are shown in Figures B.5a and B.5b.

Figure B.5a shows the preferred battery arrangement inside a device while Figure B.5b

shows an alternative recommendation.

IEC 439/11

NOTE Protection of the positive contact should be as shown in Figures B.2 and B.3.

Figure B.5a – Preferred battery orientation

IEC 440/11

NOTE 1 Protection of the contacts should be as shown in Figures B.2 or B.3 for the positive and Figure B.4 for the

negative contact.

NOTE 2 This arrangement (Figure B.5b) is only considered practical for R14 and R20 size batteries due to the

small negative terminal area (dimension C of the relevant specification) of the other sizes.

Figure B.5b – Alternative recommendation for battery orientation

Figure B.5 – Design with respect to battery orientation

B.3.5 Dimensional Considerations

Table B.1 provides critical dimensional details relating to the battery terminals and

the recommended dimensions for the devices positive contact. By making reference to

Figure B.6, and designing in accordance with the dimensions shown in Table B.1,

subsequent reversal of a battery, such that its negative terminal is presented to the

devices positive contact, will result in a ‘fail safe’ situation, i.e. there will be no

electrical contact.

Table B.1 – Dimensions of battery terminals and recommended

dimensions of the positive contact of an appliance in Figure B.6


Relevant dry

batteries

Dimension

of the

negative

battery

terminal

Dimension of the

positive battery

terminal

Recommended

dimensions of the

positive contact of

an appliance in

Figure B.6

d6

a

(minim

um)

d3a

(maxim

um)

h3

a

(minim

um)

X Y

R20, LR20 18,0 9,5 1,

5

9,6 –

11,0

0,5 – 1,4

R14, LR14 13,0 7,5 1,5 7,6 – 9,0 0,5 – 1,4

R6,

LR6

7,0 5,5 1,0 5,6 – 6,8 0,4 – 0,9

R03, LR03 4,3 3,8 0,8 3,9 – 4,2 0,4 – 0,7

R1,

LR1

5,0 4,0 0,5 4,1 – 4,9 0,1 – 0,4

a ReferDoc ETD 10 (10307).

h3

Y

X

d3

d6

Insulator Insulator

Positive

contact of

an

appliance

Negative

contact of an

appliance

IEC 441/11 IEC 442/11

Figure B.6a – Correct insertion Figure B.6b – Incorrect insertion

NOTE Positive contact of an appliance is recessed within surrounding

insulation.

Figure B.6 – Example of the design of a positive contact of an appliance

The diameter of the recessed hole is larger than the diameter (d3) of the positive

battery terminal but is smaller than the diameter (d6) of the negative battery terminal.

The insertion of the battery in Figure B.6a is correct. In Figure B.6b the reverse

insertion of the battery is shown; in this instance the negative terminal of the

battery only contacts the surrounding insulation thereby preventing electrical contact.

The letter codes in Figure B.6 are as follows:

d6 minimum outer diameter of the negative flat contact surface;

d3 maximum diameter of the positive contact within the specified projection height;

h3 minimum projection of the flat positive contact;

60086-5 IEC:2011 – 31 –

X Diameter of the recessed hole as a positive contact with the positive battery

terminal.

X should be bigger than d3 but smaller than d6;

Y Depth of the recessed hole as a positive contact with the positive battery

terminal.

Y should be smaller than h3.

B.4 Specific Measures To Prevent Short-Circuiting Of Batteries

B.4.1 Measures To Prevent Short-Circuiting Due To Battery Jacket Damage

In alkaline manganese batteries, the steel case, which is covered by an insulating

jacket (see B.2.1 c), has the same voltage as the positive terminal. Should the

insulating jacket be cut or pierced by any conductive circuitry within an appliance, a

short circuit may occur as shown in Figure B.7. (It should be noted that the damage

described above can be aggravated if the appliance is subjected to physical abuse, e.g.

abnormal vibration, dropping, etc.).

NOTE 1 The potential hazards resulting from a short circuit are defined in B.1.3.

Short Circuit

IEC 443/11

Figure B.7 – Example of a short circuit, a switch is piercing the battery insulating

jacket

NOTE 2 Whilst the example shown in Figure B.7 commonly relates to alkaline manganese battery systems, the batteries

addressed in this annex are interchangeable (see B.2.1).

Prevention: insulating material positioned as shown in Figure B.8 prevents the

switch from damaging the battery jacket.

Insulator

IEC 444/11

Figure B.8 – Typical example of insulation to prevent short circuit

It is also essential that no part of the equipment or equipment circuitry, including

rivets or screws, used to secure the battery contacts etc. is allowed to contact the

battery case/jacket.

B.4.2 Measures to prevent external short-circuit of a battery caused when coiled

spring contacts are employed for battery connection

Placement of a battery (positive (+) end foremost) as shown in Figure B.9 may result in

distortion of the negative (–) spring contact and subsequent cutting and piercing of the

battery insulating jacket when a battery is inserted against the spring as shown in

Figure B.10.

IEC 445/11

Figure B.9 – Insertion against spring (to be avoided)

IEC 446/11 IEC 447/11

Figure B.10a – Spring slides Figure B.10b – Jacket is punctured

underneath the jacket and

contacts the metal can

Figure B.10 – Examples showing distorted springs

Prevention: in order to eliminate the possible incidents shown in Figure B.10,

it is recommended that the design of the battery compartment allows the battery,

when correctly inserted (negative terminal first), to evenly compress the coil

spring as shown in Figure B.11. The insulated guide above the negative (–)

connections in Figure B.11 ensures this.

Insulated guide

IEC 448/11

Figure B.11 – One example of protected insertion

The end of the spring coil i.e. that part in final contact with the battery should be

bent toward the centre of the coil so that no sharp edges are presented to the battery

jacket.

The spring wire should be of sufficient diameter as specified in Table B.2. The

spring contact pressure should be sufficient to ensure that the batteries make and

maintain good electrical contact at all times. However, the spring contact pressure

should not be so great as to preclude easy battery insertion and removal.

Excessive spring contact pressure can cause cutting or piercing of the insulating

jacket or contact deformation.

This can lead to a short circuit and/or leakage.

Table B.2 contains details on the recommended diameters of the spring wire.

Spring coil contacts should only contact the negative terminals of cylindrical

batteries.

d6

d6

Table B.2 – Minimum wire diameters

Batter y type Minimum wire diameter

mm R2

0

LR20 0,

8 R1

4

LR14 0,

8 R

6

LR

6

0,

4 R0

3

LR03 0,

4 R

1

LR

1

0,

4

B.5 Special Considerations Regarding Recessed Negative

Contacts

Doc ETD 10 (6902) specifies the maximum recess of the negative battery

terminal from the external jacket. Many R20, LR20, R14 and LR14 batteries

have a recessed negative terminal. Some batteries are provided with projections

of insulating resin on the negative terminal in order to prevent electrical contact if

the battery is reversed.

NOTE It is imperative that the above shapes and dimensions of negative battery terminals are taken into account

during the early stage of the design of the negative contact of an appliance. Specific precautions of three (3) kinds of

contacts which are generally used are described in the following.

a) When a spring coil is used as the negative contact of an appliance: the diameter

of the coil which interfaces with the battery should be smaller than d6, where d6

is the external diameter of the contact surface of the negative battery terminal.

b) Where sheet metal is cut and formed to make a negative contact (see Figure

B.12), it is essential that the dimensions h4 and d6, as defined in Table B.3,

are noted and acted upon. As shown in Figure B.12 a projection/pip should be

provided. This projection/pip should be of sufficient depth to overcome any

recess in the battery terminal (dimension h4). Failure to follow this advice may

result in loss of battery contact.

c) Where it is proposed to employ a flat metal plate as the negative contact of an

appliance, it is essential that one or more ‘pips’/projection(s) are provided to

ensure battery contact. The projection(s) should be of sufficient depth to

overcome any recess in the negative terminal of the battery (dimension h4)

and be placed within the confines of the battery

terminal contact area (dimension d6).

h4 h4

IEC 449/11 IEC

450/11

Figure B.12a – Spring coil Figure B.12b – Plate spring

contact

Figure B.12 – Example of negative contacts

Table B.3 – Dimensions of the negative battery terminal


Battery

type

Maximum recessed dimension

of negative battery

External diameter of the

contact surface of negative R20,

LR20

1,

0

18,

0 R14,

LR14

0,

9

13,

0 R6, LR6 0,

5

7,

0 R03,

LR03

0,

5

4,3

R1, LR1 0,

2

5,

0 a Reference Doc ETD 10 (10242) and Doc ETD 10 (6902). It should be stressed that battery compartment dimensions should not be tied to

dimensions and tolerances of a particular manufacturer as this can create

problems if replacements of different origin are installed.

For dimensional details, particularly those related to the positive and negative

terminals, reference should be made to Figure 1a and Figure 1b of Doc ETD 10

(10307) and the relevant battery specifications contained in Doc ETD 10 (6901).

B.6 Waterproof And Non-Vented Devices

It is important that hydrogen gas generated in the batteries is either removed by

recombination reaction or allowed to escape; otherwise a spark could ignite the

entrapped hydrogen/air mixture resulting in an explosion of the device. The advice

of the battery manufacturer should be sought at the design stage of such

applications.

B.7 Other Design Considerations

a) Only the battery terminals should physically contact the electric circuit. Battery

compartments should be electrically insulated from the electric circuit and

positioned so as to minimise possible damage and/or risk of injury resulting from

battery leakage.

b) Much equipment is designed to operate with alternative power supplies (e.g.

mains, additional batteries, etc.) and this is particularly relevant to primary

battery memory back- up applications. In these situations, the circuitry of the

equipment should be so designed to either

1) prevent charging of the primary battery, or

2) include primary battery protective devices, for example a diode, such that

the reverse charging current from the protective device(s) to which the

primary battery would be subjected does not exceed that recommended by

the battery manufacturer.

Any intended protective device circuit should be selected so as to be

appropriate to the type and electrochemical system of the primary battery

concerned and preferably not subject to single component failure. It is

recommended that equipment designers obtain advice from the battery

manufacturer concerning the primary battery memory back-up protection

device circuit.

Failure to observe these precautions may lead to short service life, leakage or

explosion.

c) Positive (+) and negative (–) battery contacts should be visibly different in

form to avoid confusion when inserting batteries.

d) Select terminal contact materials with the lowest electrical resistance and

compatible with battery contacts.

e) Battery compartments should be non-conductive, heat resistant, non-flammable

and have good heat radiation. They should not deform when a battery is

inserted.

f) Equipment designed to be powered by air-depolarised batteries of either the

A or P system should provide for adequate air access. For the A system, the

battery should preferably be in an upright position during normal operation.

g) Parallel connections are not recommended since an incorrectly placed battery

causes continuous discharge of the batteries even if the device is not switched

on. To overcome the problem of reversed placement described above and with

the end user in mind, consideration should be given to the arrangement in Figure

B.5a and Figure B.5b.

WARNING In some parallel battery circuits the discharge current can be

similar to that of a battery under short circuit conditions.

Potential hazards arising from the reversal of a battery in a parallel circuit are

described in B.1.3. NOTE In extreme cases, battery explosion may occur.

h) Series connection of batteries with multiple voltage outputs as shown in Figure

B.13 is not recommended since a discharged section may be driven into reverse

voltage.

Example In Figure B.13, two batteries are discharging through resistor R1; if,

following their discharge, the switch is positioned toward the R3 circuit, forced

discharging of the former two batteries may occur.

IEC 451/11

Figure B.13 – Example of series connection of batteries with voltage

tapping

Potential hazards arising from forced discharging (driving into reverse voltage).

1) Gas generation within the forced discharged battery/batteries.

2) Vent activation

3) Electrolyte leakage

NOTE Battery electrolytes are harmful to body tissues

Annex C (informative)

Safety Pictograms

C.1 Overview

Cautionary advice to fulfil the marking requirements in this standard has, on a

historical basis, been in the form of written text. In recent years, there has been a

growing trend toward the use of pictograms as a complementary or alternative means

of product safety communication.

The objectives of this annex are: (1) to establish uniform pictogram recommendations

that are tied to long-used and specific written text, (2) to minimize the proliferation of

safety pictogram designs, and (3) to lay the foundation for the use of safety

pictograms instead of written text to communicate product safety and cautionary

statements.

C.2 Pictograms

The pictogram recommendations and cautionary advices are given in

Table C.1.

Table C.1 – Safety pictograms

Referen

ce


A DO NOT CHARGE

B DO NOT DEFORM / DAMAGE

C DO NOT DISPOSE OF IN FIRE

D DO NOT INSERT INCORRECTLY

NOTE The grey shading highlights a white margin appearing when the pictogram is

printed on coloured or black background.

Table C.1 – Safety pictograms (continued)

Referen

ce


E KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN

F DO NOT MIX DIFFERENT TYPES OR

BRANDS

G DO NOT MIX NEW AND USED

H DO NOT OPEN / DISMANTLE

I DO NOT SHORT CIRCUIT

J INSERT CORRECTLY

NOTE The grey shading highlights a white margin appearing when the pictogram is

printed on coloured or black background.

C.3 Instructions for Use

The following instructions are provided for use of the pictograms.

a) Pictograms shall be clearly legible.

b) Whilst colours are permitted, they shall not detract from the information displayed.

If colours are used, the background of pictogram J should be blue and the circle and

diagonal bar of the other pictograms should be red.

c) Not all of the pictograms need to be used together for a particular type or brand of

battery.

In particular, pictogram D and J are meant as alternatives for a similar purpose.

Doc: ETD 10(10245)





FLASHLIGHT – SPECIFICATION

(Third Revision)


0 Foreword


1 SCOPE

1.1 This standard lays down the requirements and test

for replaceable dry and rechargeable battery operated

portable flashlights.

1.1.1 This Standard is also applicable to built-in

rechargeable battery operated portable flashlight as per

Annex A

1.1.2 This Standard is applicable to pre- focused as

well as focusing type of incandescent bulb and LED

(Light Emitting Diode) as light source of flashlights.

2 REFERENCES

The Indian Standards listed in Annex B are necessary

adjuncts to this standard.

3 TERMINOLOGY

3.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following

definitions shall apply:

3.1 Type Tests

Tests carried out to prove conformity with the

requirements of the specification. These tests are

intended to assess the general quality and design of a

given type of flashlight.

3.2 Acceptance Tests

Tests carried out on sample drawn from a lot or batch

for the purposes of acceptance of the lot or batch.

3.3 Routine Tests

Tests carried out on each flashlight to check

requirements which are likely to vary during

production.

4 MATERIAL, CONSTRUCTION AND

WORKMANSHIP

4.1 Materials

4.1.1 The body of the flashlight shall be made of

aluminum, brass, plastic or any other suitable material

(See 5, 8.4 and 8.6.2)

4.1.2 The front protecting sheet shall be made of glass

or any other suitable material of adequate

transparency.

4.1.3 The total circuit resistance excluding cells and

lamps with switch in “ ON “ position shall not exceed

500 milliohms.

4.1.4 The Light source (incandescent bulb) shall

conform to IS 2261: 1975.and LED shall conform to

Annex D

4.2 Construction

4.2.1 The reflecting surface of the reflector shall be

free (when seen with the naked eye) from defects, such

as scratches and deformations.

4.2.2 Contact parts of the switch shall be so

constructed as to offer ease of operation and shall be

capable of maintaining good electrical contact while in

the “ON” position. The design of the switch shall be

such as to prevent accidental short circuits.

4.2.3 Joints, if any, in the body of the flashlight shall

be firm.

4.2.4 The fit between threaded parts shall be smooth

and even.

4.2.5 Springs, if used, in the construction of the

flashlight shall be of necessary strength and durability

and shall be corrosion- resistant.

4.3 Workmanship

Workmanship of the flashlight and its component parts

shall conform to good engineering practice.

5 FINISH

The finish of the flashlight shall be pleasing and

durable, In case of flashlight with metallic bodies this

may be achieved by anodizing, lacquering, chromium

plating, painting or any other suitable process.

6 DIMENSIONS

The internal dimensions of the body of the flashlight

shall be such as to properly accommodate the

required number of dry batteries conforming to IS

6303:2015 ( under revision Doc ETD 10 (6901)) and

IS 8144 : 2015 ( under revision- Doc ETD 10 (6902)).

7 MARKING

7.1 Each Flashlight packaging shall be marked with

the following information:

a) Designation;

b) Expiration of a recommended usage period or year

and month or week of manufacture. NOTE — The year and month or week of manufacture may be in code.

c) Polarity of terminals (when applicable);

d) Nominal voltage; and

e) Name or trade mark of the manufacturer or supplier.

f) Legal Metrology or applicable guidelines.

7.1.1 Any special marking may be added if required

by the purchaser.

7.1.2 Each flashlight may also be marked with the

standard mark.

8 TESTS

8.1 Type Tests

The type tests shall comprise the following:

a) Checking of dimensions, materials and

construction ( 4 and 6 ) :

b) Test for finish ( 8.4 ) :

c) Drop test ( 8.5 ) :

d) Climatic test (8.6 ):

e) Life test for switch ( 8.7 ) ;

f) Insulation resistance test ( 8.8 )

g) Light distribution test ( 8.9)

h) Test for contact resistance of Switch ( 8.10 )

i) Light depreciation test for LED flashlight

(8.11)

j) Tests of light source (Annex D)

k) Colour chromaticity and colour rendering

index (CRI) (Annex E)

Note – The test for lumen output of lamp as light source is proposed

to be included when sufficient information is available.

For method of measurement of lumen output of

LED as light source refer to IS 16106.

8.1.1 Samples for Type Tests

A minimum number of eight samples of the same type

of flashlight shall be required for conducting the type

tests. The distribution of the tests among these eight

samples shall be as following:

a ) Checking of dimensions, All sample

materials and construction

b ) Test for finish 1

c ) Drop test 1

d ) Climatic test 2

e ) Life test for switch 1

f)Light depreciation test

of LED flashlight (8.11) 3

Notes

1 The other tests, such as insulation resistance, light distribution and

contact resistance of the switch may be done on any of these samples.

2 An additional sample may be required in case the dry cold test is also to

be conducted.

8.2 Acceptance Tests

The following shall comprise acceptance tests:

a) Checking of dimensions , materials and

construction ( 4 and 6 ),

b) Functional test for switch ( 8.7.1 ),

c) Light distribution test ( 8.9 ), and

d) Insulation resistance test ( 8.8 )

e) Test for contact resistance of switch ( 8:10)

8.2.1 Sample for Acceptance Tests

In case of large consignments, a sampling procedure

may be agreed to between the purchaser and the

manufacturer. A recommended sampling procedure for

flashlights is given in Annex C.

8.3 ROUTINE TESTS

The following shall comprise routine tests:

a) Checking of material and construction ( 4 ) and

b) Functional tests , for switch ( 8.7.2 )

c) Circuit current of LED flashlight (8.12)

8.4 Tests for Finish

8.4.1 The plating shall be a minimum of 3

microns of bright nickel followed by a minimum

of 0.15 micron of regular chromium.

8.4.1.1

a) Thickness of chromium plating to be determined

by stripping method as per 6 of IS 3203: 1982

b) Thickness of nickel plating to be determined by

BNF jet test method as per 5 of IS 3203:1982

8.4.1.2

a) Plating on steel parts should withstand

acetic acid salt spray test as per IS 6910: 1985 for 8

hours.

b) Plating on copper and copper alloy should

withstand 16 hours of plain salt

spray test as prescribed in IS 1068 : 1985

c) Plating on zinc and zinc alloy parts should

withstand acetic acid salt spray test as per IS 6910 :

1985 for 8 hour.

8.4.2 In the case of painted flashlight, the specimen

shall be immersed in 5 percent salt solution at about

500C for one hour. At the end of the period, the surface

of the painted specimen shall not soften,

Peel off or produce blobs.

8.4.3 Unless otherwise agreed, anodized aluminum

parts should be tested for continuity of anodized

coating as per IS 8375: 1977 and for sealing by

marking test as per 5.2 of IS 5523: 1983.

8.5 Drop Test

8.5.1 The flashlight, complete with battery (batteries),

shall be held in a normal position of use. (In the case

of tubular type of flashlights, the axis of the body shall

be kept horizontal).

It shall be dropped in this position from a height of 1

meter on to a board made of seasoned deodar wood of

following dimensions placed on a concrete floor:

Thickness Width Length

30mm 250 mm (

Min )

At least twice the length of

the flashlight under test

8.5.1.1 There shall be no severe deformation, split or

crack in any part of the body or cover of the flashlight

after a single drop. There shall also be no defect in the

functioning of the flashlight. NOTES

1 The height of the drop shall be measured as the distance from the

lowest part of the flashlight to the upper surface of the wooden

board.

2 Any damage to the incandescent bulb or front protecting sheet shall

not be considered for rejection under this test.

3

8.6 CLIMATIC TESTS

8.6.1 Dry Heat Tests

The flashlight shall be placed in a chamber maintained

at 50⁰C ± 2⁰C for a period of 16 hours. At the end of

this period, it shall be taken out and cooled to room

temperature and the switch shall then be tested for

operation in accordance with 8.7.1. There shall also be

no deterioration to the finish of the flashlight.

8.6.2 Damp Heat (Accelerated) Test

The flashlight shall be placed in a humidity chamber

in which the temperature is 55 ±2⁰C. The relative

humidity at all times shall be not less than 95

percent. The flashlight shall be exposed to these

conditions for 16 hours at the end of which the

sources of heat and humidity shall be cut off and the

chamber allowed to cool to room temperature, the

air being circulated meanwhile. The flashlight shall

be subjected to two such cycles of damp heat and

the switch shall be tested for functioning as

specified in 8.7.1. The insulation resistance shall

also be checked and there shall be no deterioration

to the finish. The paint film shall show no sign of

breakdown and the metal surface shall show no sign

of corrosion, and no sign of deformation or colour

change shall observe in body of any other material.

8.6.3 Dry Cold Test (Optional)

If required for special purposes, the flashlight shall be

placed for one hour in a cold chamber at – 40±3⁰C

At the end of this period the specimen shall be checked

for functioning of the switch and for insulation

resistance.

8.7 Life Test for Switch

The flashlight shall be loaded with the appropriate

battery (or batteries) and the switch operated through

25000 cycles successively. Each cycle shall comprise a

full operation of the switch including locking, if

provided. The number of cycles per minute shall be 25

to 35. The battery (or batteries) and bulb shall be

changed after every 10000 cycles (or earlier, if

necessary).In case of LED flashlight, LED need not to

be changed during switch test. At the end of the test,

the switch shall continue to function.

8.7.1 Functional Test for Switch (for Acceptance only)

For the purposes of acceptance of samples, the test as

given in 8.7 shall be carried out through 100 cycles

only. The contact resistance then measured shall not

exceed 20 milliohms.

8.7.2 Functional Test for Switch (for Routine Test

only)

The test as given in 8.7 shall be carried out through

only one cycle as a routine test.

8.8 Insulation Resistance Test

At a temperature of 27±2⁰C and relative humidity of

65±4 percent, with the dry cells removed and the

switch in open circuit condition, the insulation

resistance between the anode and cathode for the cells

shall be measured with an insulation resistance tester

3

3

of rated voltage 500 V ( see also IS 2992:1987).The

insulation resistance value shall be not less than 2 MΩ.

8.9 Light Distribution Test

Light from the loaded flashlight shall be projected on

to a plane at a distance of 2 m from the source and held

perpendicular to the central line of the optical axis. In

the case of focusing type of flashlight, this shall be

done after focusing. The bright spot produced on the

plane shall not exceed 30 cm in diameter and shall not

less than 12 cm.

Note – The use of an open box of not less than 60cm x

60cm x 60cm with a circle having a black border and

diameter 30cm placed at the center of one side with a

white background is recommended to carry out this

test.

8.10 Test for contact Resistance of the Switch

The contact resistance of the switch shall be measured

with a current of 300mA flowing through switch

contacts and source voltage being not greater than 3 v.

The resistance shall not exceed 20 milliohms when the

flashlight is new and 30 milliohms after 10000

operations of the switch.

8.11Light depreciation test for LED flashlight:

LED flashlight shall have minimum 90% of initial lux

(LT0) after 200 hour usage. This shall be verified as

per following test method:

a) Light from flashlight shall be projected on to a

plane at a distance of 1 m from the source and

held perpendicular to the central line of the

optical axis. Measure the initial lux (LT0)

using photocell at the brightest spot produced

on the plane. For dry cell operated flashlight

battery shall be fresh and for rechargeable

flashlight battery shall be fully charged.

b) Flashlight shall continue to be ON till the lux

value at the brightest spot become 10% of its

initial lux.

c) Note the time elapsed between initial lux to

10% of initial lux in Hrs.

d) Repeat the process a) to c) after changing( dry

Cell operated flashlight ) or Charging (

Rechargeable flashlight) the battery until the

ON time become 200 hours.

e) After 200 hours ON time, Light from

flashlight shall be projected on to a plane at a

distance of 1 m from the source and held

perpendicular to the central line of the optical

axis and measure the lux(LT200) using

photocell at the brightest spot produced on the

plane using fresh battery for dry cell operated

flashlight and fully charged battery for

rechargeable flashlight.

8.12 Circuit current of LED flashlight

The quantitative value with tolerance for the

circuit current of LED flashlight under specific

operating conditions shall be specified by the

manufacturer and test method will be as shown

infig:1

Control unit Ammeter to

measure circuit

current

DC power

supply

LED

Fig:1

ANNEX A

GUIDELINES FOR THE CHARACTERSTICS OF PORTABLE RECHARGABLE FLASHLIGHTS

A-1 The flashlight shall be a composite unit with a

separate or inbuilt charger included. Charging shall

be hands free operation.

A-2 BATTERY

A-2.1 Suitable rechargeable battery depending upon

its application shall be weather resistant provided

with a charging socket on top of it.

A-3 LIGHT SOURCES

A-3.1 The incandescent bulb shall conform to IS

2261 : 1975.

A-3.2 LED shall confirm to Annex D

A-4 CHARGER

A-4.1 A suitable charger with input 230V AC with

preferably solid state circuitry and automatic

monitoring of the current may be provided. The DC

leads of the charger are plugged into the socket of the

flashlight with separate charger for recharging.

Manufacturer guideline shall be available for

charging batteries.

ANNEX B

(Clause No: 2)

LIST OF REFERRED INDIAN STANDARDS

IS No. Title

6303 : 2016 Primary Batteries General

( under revision Doc ETD 10 (6901) )

8144 :2015 Zinc Carbon Batteries

( under revision Doc ETD 10 (6902))

1068 : 1985 Electroplated coating of nickel plus

chromium and copper plus

Nickel plus chromium on iron

and steel ( second revision )

2083 : 1991 Flashlights ( second revised )

2261 : 1975 Lamps for flashlight(first revision )

2992 : 1987 Insulation resistance testers ( magneto

generator type ) ( second revision)

16106 : 2012 Method of Electrical and Photometric

Measurements of Solid-State

Lighting (LED) Products

IS No. Title

3203 : 1982 Methods of testing local thickness of

electroplated coating ( first revision )

4905 : 1968 Methods for random sampling

5523 : 1983 Methods of testing anodic coatings on

aluminium and its alloys ( first

revision )

6910 : 1985 Method of testing corrosion

resistance of electroplated and

anodized aluminium Coatings by

acetic acid salt spray test ( first

revision )

8375 : 1977 Method for checking continuity of

anodized coatings.

ANNEX C

( Clause No: 8.2.1 )

SAMPLING PLAN AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY FOR FLASHLIGHTS

C-1 LOT

C-1.1 All the flashlights of the same type and size

manufactured by the same factory during the same

period, using the same materials and process shall

constitute a lot.

C-1.2 Sample shall be tested from each lot.

C -2 SCALE OF SAMPLING

C-2.1 The number of flashlights to be selected from

each lot shall depend upon the lot size and shall be in

accordance with col 1 and 2 of Table 1.

Table 1

Sample Size and Permissible Number of Defectives

( Clause C-2.1 )

Lot Size Sample Size Permissible No.

of Defectives

( N) (n) (a)

(1) (2) (3)

Up to 100 13 1

101 to 300 20 2

301 to 500 32 3

501 to 1000 50 5

1001 and above 80 7

NOTES:

Whenever the lot size is below 14 all the flashlights

shall be tested and no defective flashlight shall be

permissible.

The sampling plan is such that the lots with 4 percent

or less defectives would be accepted most of the time

C-2.2 Flashlights shall be selected at random. In order

to ensure the randomness of selection, suitable

Procedures as given in IS 4905 : 1968 shall be

adopted.

C-3 NUMBER OF TESTS AND CRITERIA FOR

CONFORMITY

C-3.1 All the flashlights selected in the sample shall be

subjected to the acceptance tests given in 8.2. A

flashlight shall be called a defective if it fails in any

one of the acceptance tests. The lot shall be considered

as conforming to the requirements of the acceptance

tests, if the num9ber of flashlight failing to satisfy in

any one or more of the acceptance tests does not

exceed the corresponding number of permissible

defective (see col 3 Table 1).

ANNEX D

( Annex A 3.2 )

SPECIFICATION OF LED AS LIGHT SOURCE OF FLASHLIGHT

D-1 LUMEN: Unit of flux. It is equal to the flux

emitted in a solid angle of one steradian by uniform

point source of one candela.

D-2 Rated Value — The quantitative value for the

characteristic of a LED under specific operating

conditions. The value and the conditions are assigned

by the manufacturer.

D-3 Test Voltage, Current or Power — Input voltage,

current or power at which tests are carried out.

D-4 Efficacy: Quotient of the luminous flux emitted

by the power consumed by the LED. LED efficacy

shall be calculated from the measured initial luminous

flux of the LED divided by the measured initial input

power of the same LED. Up to one watt the efficacy

shall be minimum 100 lumen/ watt at rated voltage

and rated current declared by the manufacturer

D-5: Lumen maintenance: Value of the luminous flux

at a given time in the life of a LED divided by the

initial value of the luminous flux of the LED and

expressed as a percentage of the initial luminous flux

value.

Lumen maintenance of LED shall have a minimum

value of initial luminous flux when subjected to 1000

hour test at rated current and rated voltage specified

by manufacturer as mentioned in the table D1A .

D-6:TESTS : Type Tests The following shall

constitute the type tests to be carried out on selected

sample of LED being drawn from regular production

lot.

For method of measurement refer to IS 16106.

Dimension of integrating sphere shall be

20 cm to 50 cm as per CIE 127.

TABLE : D1A

LED wattage Initial lumen

Minimum Lumen

after 1000Hr

<=0.4W 100% 50%

>0.4W & <=3W 100% 80%

Table D1 Sampling Sizes

(Annex D)

Sl

No

Ref of Clause Test Minimum Number of

Samples

1 Annex D ( D-4 ) Efficacy 5

2 Annex D ( D-5 ) Lumen maintenance 5

6

ANNEX E

COLOUR NOMENCLATURE, VARIATION AND RENDERING OF LED AS A LIGHT SOURCE

E.1 COLOUR NOMENCLATURE, VARIATION

AND RENDERING

E.1.1: CCT and Chromaticity Co-Ordinate: The

chromaticity of a LED is measured both initially and

maintained after an operation time of 1000 Hrs at rated

voltage and current. To comply with this standard, the

measured initial and maintained chromaticity values of

each LED in the sample shall be within the range as

mentioned in table E1 and colour tolerances shall fall

within the area on the chromaticity chart bounded by

straight lines joining the 12 points indicated for the

colours as specified in Table E2.

TABLE : E1

LED wattage Cool white(CCT)

Intermediate White

(CCT) Warm White(CCT)

<0.4W 5600K-23000K 4000K-5000K 2500K-3500K

>0.4W & <=3W 5600K-10000K 4000K-5000K 2500K-3500K

TABLE: E2

Cool white (5500K-23000K)

LED

wattage

<0.4W

X 0.32

5 0.313 0.301

0.272

5 0.251 0.223 0.242 0.281 0.314 0.34 0.359

0.37

3

Y 0.34

4 0.356 0.271 0.285 0.283 0.275 0.242 0.26 0.281

0.30

1 0.32

0.33

7

Cool white (5500K-10000K)

LED

wattage

>0.4W

& <=3W

X 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.314 0.315 0.287

5

0.291

7 0.279

0.287

5

0.29

8 0.309

0.31

7

Y 0.31

8

0.342

5 0.368 0.355 0.342

0.320

5 0.318 0.288 0.275

0.28

8 0.301

0.30

9

Intermediate white(4000-5000K)

LED

wattage

<0.4W &

<=3W

X 0.37

7

0.378

5

0.377

2

0.373

4

0.368

2

0.368

8 0.359

0.357

5

0.358

9

0.36

3

0.367

9

0.37

3

Y 0.38

4

0.350

3

0.374

3

0.367

2

0.361

2 0.358

0.358

1

0.361

7

0.367

7

0.37

5

0.380

7

0.38

4

Warm white(2500-3500K)

LED

wattage

<0.4W &

<=3W

X 0.44

6

0.447

9

0.446

8

0.443

5

0.438

5

0.433

5

0.429

6

0.428

1

0.429

1

0.43

3

0.437

5

0.44

3

Y 0.41

2

0.408

5

0.402

9 0.397

0.391

9

0.389

5 0.39

0.393

7

0.399

1

0.40

5

0.410

1

0.41

3

E.1.2 (colour rendering index ) CRI: Minimum CRI

value shall be greater than equal to (Ra) 40. Initial colour

rendering index of an LED shall be measured as is the

value after total operation of 1000hrs .To comply this

standard all measured Initial CRI values shall be greater

than or equal to the rated CRI Value(declared by

manufacturer) less than 3 points and all measured

maintained CRI values (at 1000 hrs) shall be greater than

or equal to rated CRI value(declared by manufacturer)

less 5 points

For method of measurement refer to IS 16106.

Dimension of integrating sphere will be 20cm to 50

cm.

(Annex E)

Table E1 Sampling Sizes

Sl

No

Ref of Clause Test Minimum Number of

Samples

1 Annex E ( E1.1 ) CCT and Chromaticity Co-Ordinate 5

2 Annex E ( E.1.2 ) colour rendering index(CRI) 5

Page No: 1

Doc: ETD 10(10307)





PRIMARY BATTERIES –

Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications


0 Foreword 1 (Formal clauses will be added later)

1 SCOPE

This part of IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901) is applicable to primary batteries based on standardized electrochemical systems.

It specifies

– The physical dimensions,

– The discharge test conditions and discharge performance requirements.

2 Normative References

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901) Primary batteries General

3 TERMS, DEFINITIONS, SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations given in IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901) and the following apply. 3.1 Terms and Definitions 3.1.1 Application Test Simulation of the actual use of a battery in a specific application

3.1.2 CLOSED-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE CCV Voltage across the terminals of a battery when it is on discharge

Page No: 2

3.1.3 End-Point Voltage Ev

Specified voltage of a battery at which the battery discharge is terminated 3.1.4 Minimum Average Duration MAD

Minimum average time on discharge which is met by a sample of batteries

Note 1 to entry: The discharge test is carried out according to the specified methods or standards and designed to show conformity with the standard applicable to the battery types.

3.1.5 Nominal Voltage (Of A Primary Battery) Vn

Suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell, a battery or an electrochemical system

3.1.6 Open-Circuit Voltage OCV

Voltage across the terminals of a cell or battery when it is off discharge

3.1.7 Primary (Cell or Battery)

Cell or battery that is not designed to be electrically recharged

3.1.8 Round (Cell or Battery) Cell or battery with circular cross section

3.1.9 Service Output (Of A Primary Battery)

Service life, or capacity, or energy output of a battery under specified conditions of discharge

3.1.10 Service Output Test

Test designed to measure the service output of a battery

Note 1 to entry: A service output test may be prescribed, for example, when

a. an application test is too complex to replicate. b. The duration of an application test would make it impractical for routine testing

purposes. 3.1.11 Storage Life

Duration under specified conditions at the end of which a battery retains its ability to perform a specified service output

3.1.12 Terminals (Of A Primary Battery) Conductive parts of a battery that provide connection to an external circuit

3.2 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

EV end-point voltage MAD minimum average duration OCV open-circuit voltage (off-load voltage)

Page No: 3

R load resistance Vn nominal voltage of a primary battery

Page No: 4

4 BATTERY DIMENSIONS, SYMBOLS The symbols used to denote the various dimensions are as follows:

h1 maximum overall height of the battery;

h2 minimum distance between the flats of the positive and negative contacts;

h3 minimum projection of the flat positive contact;

h4 maximum recess of the negative flat contact surface;

h5 minimum projection of the flat negative contact; d1 maximum and minimum diameters

of the battery; d2 minimum diameter of the flat positive contact;

d3 maximum diameter of the positive contact within the specified projection height;

d4 minimum diameter of the flat negative contact;

d5 maximum diameter of the negative contact within the specified projection height;

d6 minimum outer diameter of the negative flat contact surface;

d7 maximum inner diameter of the negative flat contact surface;

P concentricity of the positive contact.

Recesses are permitted in the negative flat contact surface defined by dimensions d6 and d7 for batteries having the shape shown in Figure 1a, provided that batteries placed end to end in series make electrical contact with each other and that the contact separation is an integral multiple of the contact separation for one battery. The following conditions shall be satisfied:

d6 > d3 d2 > d7 h3 > h4

5 CONSTITUTION OF THE BATTERY SPECIFICATION TABLES

5.1 Batteries Are Categorized Into Several Groups According To Their Shapes.

5.2 In each category, batteries having the same shape but belonging to a different electrochemical system are grouped together and shown in succession.

5.3 Batteries are always listed in ascending order of nominal voltage and, within each nominal voltage, in ascending order of volume.

5.4 One common shape drawing of these batteries which fall in the same group is exhibited.

5.5 Designation, nominal voltage, dimensions, discharge conditions, minimum average duration and application for these batteries which fall into the same group are summarized in one table.

5.6 When a drawing represents only one type of battery, the dimensions of the relevant battery may be directly shown on the drawing.

5.7 Batteries are categorized into the following groups:

a) Category 1 batteries

Page No: 5

FR10G445, FR14505

b) Category 2 batteries CR14250, CR15H270, CR17345, CR17450, BR17335

c) Category 3 batteries CR11108

d) Category 4 batteries PR70, PR41, PR48, PR44 SR62, SR63, SR65, SR64, SR60, SR67, SR66, SR58, SR68, SR59, SR69, SR41, SR57, SR55, SR48, SR54, SR42, SR43, SR44 CR1025, CR1216, CR1220, CR1616, CR2012, CR1620, CR2016, CR2025, CR2320, CR2032, CR2330, CR2430, CR2354, CR3032, CR2450 BR1225, BR2016, BR2320, BR2325, BR3032

e) Category 5: Other round batteries – Miscellaneous 2CR13252 4SR44 5AR40

f) Category 6: Non-round batteries – Miscellaneous 3R12P, 3R12S,

CR-P2 2CR5 4R25X, 4R25Y 4R25-2, 6F22, 6LP3146 6AS4 6AS6

5.8 The specification drawings show the shape of the relevant batteries. Dimensions for each battery are shown in the tables of Clause 6.

NOTE See Annexes A, B and C for ease of locating battery sizes.

P

h2

h4

h

3

h6

h

4

h3

h

1

6 PHYSICAL AND ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS

6.1 Category 1 Batteries

6.1.1 General

d

3 d

2

1 d3 2

3

d7

d

6 d

1

For the definition of the dimensions, see Clause 4. The cylindrical surface is insulated from the contacts. Terminals: flat/cap and base. For general information, see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901)

Figure 1a: negative contact surface may not be flat over the whole area.

Figure 1b: negative contact surface shall be essentially flat over the whole surface area.

For batteries complying with Figures 1a and 1b, flat negative contact is not necessarily recessed.

When the flat negative contact surface forms the lower part of the battery, dimensions "h1" and "h2" are both measured from the surface and dimension "h4" is zero.

Dimensions "P" to be measured in

accordance with ISO 1101.

The profile over the dotted lines is not specified. 1: Positive contact 2: Optional pip (Dimension "h6" for

batteries having the pip is 0,4 mm max.)

3: Negative contact area

Page No: 6

P

h2

h4

h

3

h6

h

4

h3

h

1

Figure 1a

d3

1 2 d3

3

d6 d1

Figure 1b

Figure 1 – Dimensional

drawing: Category 1

P

h2

h

4

h3

h1

Dimensions FR14505

h1 max. 50,5

h2 min. 49,5

h3 min. 1,0

h4 max. 0,5

d1

max. 14,5

min. 13,7

d3 max. 5,5

d6 min. 7,0

P

max.

0,25

6.1.2 Category 1 – Specifications: FR14505


d3

d6

d1

Figure 4 – Dimensional drawing:

FR14505

Electrochemical system letter F

IEC designation

FR14505 Common designation AA, FR6 Vn (V) 1,5

OCV max. (V) 1,83

Delayed discharge performance

after 12 months

95 Application

s Load Daily

Period EV

(V) MADa

(Initial) Digital still camera

1 500 mW 650 mW

b

1,05

370 pulses

Page No: 8

High Intensity lighting

1000 mW

4 min on, 11 min off for 8 h per day

1,0

120 min

a Standard conditions (see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901)Table 4, Initial discharge test).

b Repeat 10 times per hour: 1 500 mW for 2 s, then 650 mW for 28 s, then 0 mW for

P

h2

h

4

h3

h1

Dimensions

FR10G445

h1 max. 44,5

h2 min. 43,5

h3 min. 0,8

h4 max. 0,5

d1

max. 10,5

min. 9,8

d3 max. 3,8

d6 min. 4,3

P

max.

0,25

6.1.3 Category 1 – Specifications: FR10G445


d3

d

6 d

1


FR10G445

Electrochemical system letter F

IEC designation FR10G445 Common

designation AAA, FR03 Vn

(V)

1,5 OCV

max. (V) 1,83 Delayed discharge performance after 12 months

(% of MAD) 95

Applications Load Daily Period EV

(V) MADa

(Initial) Digital still camera

1 200 mW 650 mW

b

1,05

100 pulses

Digital audio

50 mA

1 h on, 11 hr off for 24 h

0,9

16 h

High Intensity lighting

400 mW

4 min on, 11 min off for 8 h per day

1,0

140 min


b Repeat 10 times per hour: 1 200 mW for 2 s, then 650 mW for 28 s, then 0 mW for

Page No: 10

h4

h3

h1 /

h2

6.2 Category 2 Batteries – Specifications: CR14250, CR15H270, CR17345,

CR17450, BR17335


d3

Dimension

s CR14250

CR15H270

CR17345

CR17450

BR17335

h1 /

h2

max. 25,0 27,0 b 34,5 45,0 33,5

(+) min. 23,5 26,0 b 33,5 43,5 32,0

–

h

3 min. 0,

4 0,6

1,0

0,4

0,1

h

4

max. - 0,4

0,9

- -

min. - 0,05 0,5

- -

d

1

max. 14,5 15,6 17,0 17,0 17,0

min. 13,5 15,0 16,0 16,0 16,0

d

3 max. 8,

0 7,0

9,6

8,0

8,0

d6

d1 d

6 min. 5,

0 8,5

11,0 5,0

5,0 For the definition of the dimensions, see

Clause 4. The cylindrical surface is insulated from the contacts. Terminals: flat/cap and base. For general information, see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901)


drawing: CR14250, CR15H270, CR17345, CR17450, BR17335

Electrochemical system letter C B

IEC designation CR14250

CR15H270

CR17345

CR17450

BR17335

Common designation

CR-1/2AA

CR2

123, CR123A

CR-A

BR-2/3A

Vn

(V)

3,0

3,0

3,0 3,0 3,0 OCV

max. (V) 3,7

3,7

3,7 3,7 3,7 Delayed discharge performance after 12

months

98

98

98

98

98

Application

s

Load

Daily

Period

E

V (V)

MADa (Initial)

Phot

o

Current drain 900

3 s on, 27 s off for 24 h per day

1,55

No Test

840 pulses

1 400 pulses

No Test

No Test Service output

test 0,1 kΩ 24

h 2,0

No Test No Test

40 h No Test


test 0,2 kΩ 24

h 2,0

No Test 48 h No Test

No Test


test 1 kΩ 24

h 1,8

No Test No Test

No Test

No Test

380 h

Service output test

1 kΩ 24 h

2,0

No Test No Test

No Test

710 h No Test Service output

test 3 kΩ 24

h 2,0

750 h No Test

No Test

No Test

No Test a Standard conditions (see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10

(6901)Table 4,Initial discharge test). b The h1/h2 dimensions shall be measured on the label overlap.

h3

h

5

h5

h

2

h2

h

h1

Dimensions CR11108

h max. 10,8

h min. 10,4

h3 min. -

h5 min. 0,2

d1

max. 11,6

min. 11,4

d2 min. 9,0

d3 max. -

d4 min. 3,0

d5 max. 9,0

For the definition of the dimensions, see Clause 4.

The cylindrical surface is connected to the positive terminal.

Terminals: flat/cap and case.

For general information, see IS 6303:2015.

No part of the battery shall project beyond the positive contact area.

Marking: 4.1.6.2 of IS 6303:2015 is applicable. 1:

Optional pip

1

d

6.3 Category 3 Batteries – Specifications: CR11108


(+)

d

5

1 1

d

4

(–) 2

d

2 d

3 d

1

d

5 d

4

(–)

(+) 2

d1

1

Figure 8 – Dimensional Drawing:

CR11108

Electrochemical system letter C

IEC designation CR11108

Common designation 1/3N

Vn (V) 3,0 OCV max.

(V) 3,7 Delayed discharge performance after 12 months

(% of MAD) 98

Applications Load Daily

Period EV (V) MADa

Service output test

15 kΩ 24 h

2,0

620 h

a Standard conditions (see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901)Table 4,Initial discharge test).

Page No: 12

h1

/ h

2

6.4 Category 4 Batteries

6.4.1 General

d4

(–)

(+) d2

d1


drawing: Category

4

For the definition of the dimensions, see Clause 4.

The cylindrical surface is connected to the positive terminal. Positive contact should be made to the side of the battery but may be made to the base.

Terminals: flat/cap and case.

The flat negative contact shall project.

Contact pressure resistance, see 4.1.3.1 of IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901).

For general information see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901)

Any difference between the height of the battery and the distance between the contacts shall not exceed 0,1 mm.

No part of the battery shall project beyond the positive contact.

Marking: 4.1.6 of IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901) is applicable.

h

1 /

h2

Dimensions PR70 PR41 PR48 PR44

h1 / h2

max. 3,60 3,60 5,40 5,40

min. 3,30 3,30 5,05 5,05

d1

max. 5,80 7,90 7,90 11,60

min. 5,65 7,70 7,70 11,30

d2 min. - 3,80 3,80 3,80

d4 min. - 3,00 3,00 3,80

6.4.2 Category 4 – Specifications: PR70, PR41, PR48, PR44


d4

(–)

(+) d2

d1


drawing: PR70, PR41,

PR48, PR44

Page No: 14

Electrochemical system letter P

IEC designation PR70b PR41b PR48b PR44b

Common

10, PR5

312

13

675

Vn

(V)

1,4

1,4

1,4

1,4 OCV

max. (V) 1,59 1,59 1,59 1,59

Delayed discharge performance after 12 months

(% of MAD) 95 95 95 95

Application

s Current

Drain Daily

Period EV

(V) MADa (Initial)

Hearing aid standard

Pulse: 5 mA Background: 1

d,

1,05

50 h

No

No

No

Hearing aid high

Pulse: 5 mA Background:

d,

1,

35 h

No

No

No


Pulse:10 mA Background: 2

d,

1,05

No

55 h

No

No

Wireless streaming

Pulse: 5 mA (15 min)

d,

1,

No

30 h

No

No



d,

1,05

No

No

55 h

No

Wireless streaming

Pulse: 5 mA (15 min)

d,

1,

No

No

45 h

No



d,

1,05

No

No

No

70 h

Hearing aid high


d,

1,05

No

No

No

45 h


b A period of at least 10 min shall elapse between activation and commencement of electrical measurement.

c Equipment designers' attention is drawn to the importance of making positive

electrical contact on the side of the battery so that air access is not impeded for "P" system batteries.

d The pulse load alone shall be applied across the battery. It is the effective load. It is not added in series or parallel to the background load. See diagram in footnote f.

e f Six repeated cycles of the pulse load for 100 ms, followed by the background load

for 119 min, 59 s, 900 ms, then off for 12 h.

g Twelve repeated cycles of the pulse load for 15 min, followed by the background load for 45 min, then off for 12 h.

Electro- chemical system letter

Designa- tion

D d H h

Nominal

Tolerance

Nominal

Tolerance

Nominal

Tolerance

Nominal

Tolerance

P

PR70 5,810 ±0,005 4,210 ±0,005 3,610 ±0,005 2,810 ±0,005

PR41 7,910 ±0,005 5,510 ±0,005 3,610 ±0,005 2,410 ±0,005

PR48 7,910 ±0,005 5,510 ±0,005 5,410 ±0,005 4,210 ±0,005

PR44 11,610 ±0,005 9,010 ±0,005 5,410 ±0,005 4,110 ±0,005

100

20

20

20

20

20

6.4.3 Fit Acceptance Gauge For PR Batteries

d

H

h

D

Figure 11 – Gauge opening for P system batteries

Table 1 – Gauge opening dimension (mm)

2

PR70 PR41 PR48 PR44

Gauge should maintain physical integrity for

form, fit and function. (All dimensions in mm) Figure 12 – Suggested gauge

layout

d

1 l

1 l

2

l3

–

Electr

o-

chemi

cal

Designati

on

d

1

l1 (max.)

l2 (min.)

l3 (max.)

max.

min.

P

PR70 5,80 5,65 - - 2,00 PR41 7,90 7,70 3,7

0 2,30

1,00 PR48 7,90 7,70 3,7

0 2,30

1,00 PR44 11,60 11,30 5,8

0 3,80

1,00

h

1 /

h2

Designation

h1/h2 d1 d2 d4

max. min. max. min. min. min.

SR62 1,65 1,45 5,8 5,55 3,8 2,5

SR63 2,15 1,9 5,8 5,55 3,8 2,5

SR65 1,65 1,45 6,8 6,6 – 3,0

SR64 2,7 2,4 5,8 5,55 3,8 2,5

SR60 2,15 1,9 6,8 6,5 3,8 3,0

SR67 1,65 1,45 7,9 7,65 – 3,0

SR66 2,6 2,4 6,8 6,6 – 3,0

SR58 2,1 1,85 7,9 7,55 3,8 3,0

SR68 1,65 1,45 9,5 9,25 – 3,8

SR59 2,6 2,3 7,9 7,55 3,8 3,0

SR69 2,1 1,85 9,5 9,25 – 3,8

SR41 3,6 3,3 7,9 7,55 3,8 3,0

SR57 2,7 2,4 9,5 9,15 3,8 3,8

SR55 2,1 1,85 11,6 11,25 3,8 3,8

6.4.4 Category 4 – Specifications: SR62, SR63, SR65, SR64, SR60, SR67, SR66,

SR58,SR68, SR59, SR69, SR41, SR57, SR55, SR48, SR54, SR42, SR43,

SR44


d4

(–)

(+) d2

d1

Figure 15 – Dimensional drawing: SR62, SR63, SR65, SR64, SR60, SR67, SR66,

SR58, SR68, SR59, SR69, SR41, SR57, SR55, SR48, SR54, SR42, SR43, SR44

Electrochemical system letter S

Vn (V) 1,55

OCV max. (V) 1,63

Delayed discharge performance after 12 months (% of MAD)

90

IEC designatio

n

Commo

n

designati

on

Test

Load

Dail

y

Peri

od

EV

(V)

MADa

(Initial)

SR62 SR516

Service output test

82 kΩ 24 h 1,2

390 h SR63 379, SR521 Service output

test 68 kΩ 24 h 1,

2 560

h SR65 SR616

Service output test

100 kΩ 24 h 1,2

810 h SR64 SR5

27 Service output test

56 kΩ 24 h 1,2

540 h SR60 363, 364,

SR621 Service output test

68 kΩ 24 h 1,2

685 h SR67 SR7

16 Service output test

68 kΩ 24 h 1,2

820 h SR66 376, 377,


47 kΩ 24 h 1,2

680 h SR58 361, 362,


47 kΩ 24 h 1,2

518 h SR68 373, SR916 Service output

test 47 kΩ 24 h 1,

2 680

h SR59 396, 397, SR726

Service output test

33 kΩ 24 h 1,2

530 h SR69 370, 371,


33 kΩ 24 h 1,2

663 h SR41 384, 392 Service output

test 22 kΩ 24 h 1,

2 450

h SR57 395, 399, SR927

Service output test

22 kΩ 24 h 1,2

500 h SR55 381, 391 Service output

test 22 kΩ 24 h 1,

2 450

h SR48

309, 393

Hearing aid 1,5 kΩ 12 h 0,9

40 h

Service output test

15 kΩ 24 h 1,2

580 h SR54 389, 390,


15 kΩ 24 h 1,2

580 h SR42 344, 350, 387 Service output

test 15 kΩ 24 h 1,

2 670

h SR43 301, 386 Service output test

10 kΩ 24 h 1,2

620 h

SR44

303, 357

Service output test

6,8 kΩ 24 h 1,2

620 h

Accelerated application

test for

Pulse: 39 Ω

Β

Ω

b,c

0,9

450 h


b Pulse load for 1 s every 6 s for 5 min per day. Background load alternately and continuously for 24 h per day

c The pulse load alone shall be applied across the battery. It is the effective load. It is not added in series or parallel to the background load. See diagram below.

h1

/ h

2

6.4.5 Category 4 – Specifications: CR1025, CR1216, CR1220, CR1616, CR2012,

CR1620, CR2016, CR2025, CR2320, CR2032, CR2330, CR2430, CR2354,

CR3032,CR2450, BR1225, BR2016, BR2320, BR2325, BR3032


d4

(–)

(+) d2

d1

Figure 16 – Dimensional drawing: CR1025, CR1216, CR1220, CR1616, CR2012, Designatio

n

h1/h2 d1 d

2 d

4 max.

min.

max.

min.

min.

min. CR1025 2,

5 2,2

10,0

9,7 - 3,0

CR1216 1,6

1,4

12,5

12,2

- 4,0

CR1220 2,0

1,8

12,5

12,2

- 4,0

CR1616 1,6

1,4

16,0

15,7

- 5,0

CR2012 1,2

1,0

20,0

19,7

- 8,0

CR1620 2,0

1,8

16,0

15,7

- 5,0

CR2016 1,6

1,4

20,0

19,7

- 8,0

CR2025 2,5

2,2

20,0

19,7

- 8,0

CR2320 2,0

1,8

23,0

22,6

- 8,0

CR2032 3,2

2,9

20,0

19,7

- 8,0

CR2330 3,0

2,7

23,0

22,6

- 8,0

CR2430 3,0

2,7

24,5

24,2

- 8,0

CR2354 5,4

5,1

23,0

22,6

- 8,0

CR3032 3,2

2,9

30,0

29,6

- 8,0

CR2450 5,0

4,6

24,5

24,2

- 8,0

BR1225 2,5

2,2

12,5

12,2

- 4,0 BR2016 1,

6 1,4

20,0

19,7

- 8,0 BR2320 2,

0 1,8

23,0

22,6

- 8,0 BR2325 2,

5 2,2

23,0

22,6

- 8,0 BR3032 3,

2 2,9

30,0

29,6

- 8,0

Electrochemical system letter C B

Vn

(V)

3,0

3,0 OCV

max. (V) 3,7

3,7 Delayed discharge performance after 12 months (%

of MAD) 98 9

8 Designatio

n Test Load Daily

Period EV

(V) MADa (Initial)

CR1025 Service output test

68 kΩ 24 h 2,0

630 h No test


62 kΩ 24 h 2,0

480 h No test


62 kΩ 24 h 2,0

700 h No test


30 kΩ 24 h 2,0

480 h No test


30 kΩ 24 h 2,0

530 h No test


47 kΩ 24 h 2,0

900 h No test


30 kΩ 24 h 2,0

675 h No test

CR2025

Service output test

15 kΩ 24 h 2,0

540 h No test

Electronic key test

10 mA

5 s on, 55 s off 24 h per

1.8

8.5 h

No test


15 kΩ 24 h 2,0

590 h No test

CR2032

Service output test

15 kΩ 24 h 2,0

920 h No test

Electronic key test

10 mA

5 s on, 55 s off 24 h per

1.8

12.5 h

No test


15 kΩ 24 h 2,0

1 320 h No test


15 kΩ 24 h 2,0

1 300 h No test


7,5 kΩ 24 h 2,0

1 260 h No test


7,5 kΩ 24 h 2,0

1 250 h No test


7,5 kΩ 24 h 2,0

1 200 h No test

BR1225 Service output test

30 kΩ 24 h 2,0

No test 395 h


30 kΩ 24 h 2,0

No test 636 h


15 kΩ 24 h 2,0

No test 468 h


15 kΩ 24 h 2,0

No test 696 h


7,5 kΩ 24 h 2,0

No test 1 310 h


h

5

h3

h1

Dimensions 2CR13252 4SR44

h1

max. 25,2 25,2

min. 23,9 23,9

h3 min. 0,7 0,7

h5

max. 0,4 0,4

min. 0,05 0,05

d1

max. 13 13

min. 12 12

d min. 5,0 5,0

d3 max. 6,5 6,5

d4 min. 5,0 5,0

The cylindrical surface is insulated from the contacts.

Terminals: flat.

For general information see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901).

6.5 CATEGORY 5 BATTERIES

6.5.1 Category 5 – Specifications: 2CR13252, 4SR44


d3 d2

(+)

(–) d4

d1

2


2CR13252, 4SR44

Electrochemical system letter C S

IEC designation 2CR13252 4SR44

Common

designation 2CR-1/3N,

28L -

Vn

(V)

6,0 6,2

OCV

max. (V) 7,4 6,52


(% of MAD) 98 90

Applications

Load

Daily

Period

E

V

(

V

MADa (Initial)

Accelerated application

test for

Pulse: 0,160 kΩ

Ω

b,c

3,6

No test

570 h

Service output test

27 kΩ

24 h

3,6 No test 620 h

Pulse test

0,1 kΩ

2 s on, 1 s off for 24 h per day

3,6

No test

1 000 pulses

Service output test

30 kΩ

24 h

4,0 620 h No test


b Pulse load for 1 s every 6 s for 5 min per day. Background load alternately and continuously for 24 h per day


Background load Background load Background load

Pulse load Pulse load Pulse load

Background discharge Pulse discharge No discharge IEC

6.5.2 Category 5 – Specifications: 5AR40

Dimensions in millimeters

–

Dimensions 5AR40

A max. 190,0

Ø max. 184,0

Terminals: Screw terminals. Terminals located on top surface.

Maximum terminal stud diameter: 4,2 mm. For general information, see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901)

Electrochemical system letter A

IEC designation 5AR4

0a Common designation --

Vn (V) 7,0 OCV max. (V) 7,75 Delayed discharge performance after 12 months (% of

MAD) 80


Period EV (V) MADb

(initial) Electric fence controller

240 Ω 24 h 4,5 120 days a Equipment designers' attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that air

access is not impeded for "A" system batteries. b Standard conditions (see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10

(6901)Table 4, Initial discharge test).

l 7

=

=

l 2

Dimensions 3R12P 3R12S

h1

max. 67,0 67,0

min. 63,0 63,0

l1

max. 62,0 62,0

min. 60,0 60,0

l2

max. 22,0 22,0

min. 20,0 20,0

l3

max. - -

min. 23,0 23,0

l4

max. - -

min. 16,0 16,0

l5

max. - -

min. 1,0 1,0

l6

max. - -

min. 3,0 3,0

l7

max. 7,0 7,0

min. 6,0 6,0

Terminals: spring clips.

For general information, see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901)

6.6 CATEGORY 6 BATTERIES

6.6.1 Category 6 – Specifications: 3R12P, 3R12S


l3

l5 l4

l6

(–) (+)

= = l

1

Figure 19 – Dimensional drawing: 3R12P,

3R12S

Electrochemical system letter No letter

No letter

IEC designation 3R12P

High

power

3R12S

Standard

Common

designation - -

Vn

(V)

4,5

4,5

OCV

max. (V) 5,19

5,19


(% of MAD) 80 80


Period EV

(V) MADa (Initial)

Portable lighting

20 Ω 1 h

2,7 5,5 h 3,5 h

Radio

220 Ω

4 h

2,7 96 h

96 h


l 5

l 6

l h

6

l h

1

Dimensions CR-P2

h1

max. 36,0

min. 34,5

h4

max. 1,5

min. 0,7

h6

max. 1,0

min. 0,1

l1

max. 35,0

min. 32,5

l2

max. 19,5

min. 18,5

l3 - 16,8

l4 - 8,4

l5

max. 16,2

min. 15,3

l6

max. 9,8

min. 9,2

l7

max. 8,7

min. 7,5

l8

max. -

min. 1,3

r1

max. 10,0

min. 7,4

Terminals: flat contacts.

contacts are recessed.

For general information, see IS 6303:2016

(under preparation)

h4

7

2

r

6.6.2 Category 6 – Specifications: CR-P2


(–)

l1

1

(+)

l8 1

r1

l4

l3

Figure 21 – Dimensional drawing: CR-P2


IEC designation CR-P2 Common

designation 223 Vn

(V)

6,0

OCV

max. (V) 7,4 Delayed discharge performance after 12 months (% of

MAD) 98 Applications Loa

d Daily Period EV

(V) MADa

(Initial) Photo

Current drain 900

3 s on, 27 s off for 24 h

3,

1 400 pulses

Service output test 200 Ω

24 h 4,0

40 h a Standard conditions (see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10


l 7

l 6

l

5 l 2

Dimensions 2CR5

h1

max. 45,0

min. 43,0

h6

max. 0,9

min. 0,1

h7

max. 4,5

min. 3,5

l1

max. 34,0

min. 32,5

l2

max. 17,0

min. 16,0

l3 - 16,0

l4 - 8,0

l5

max. 15,5

min. -

l6

max. 1,0

min. 0,2

l7

max. 4,5

min. 3,5

l8

max. 4,6

min. 3,5

r1

max. 9,0

min. 8,0

Terminals: flat contacts.

For general information, see IS 6303:2015.

6.6.3 Category 6 – Specifications: 2CR5


l

1 r1

(–)

(+)

l8

l

4 l3

Figure 22 – Dimensional drawing: 2CR5


IEC designation 2CR5

Common

designation 245 Vn

(V)

6,0 OCV

max. (V) 7,4 Delayed discharge performance after 12 months (% of

MAD) 98

Applications Loa

d Daily Period EV

(V) MADa

(Initial) Photo

Current drain 900

3 s on, 27 s off for 24 h

3,

1 400 pulses

Service output test 200 Ω

24 h 4,0

40 h a Standard conditions (see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10


l 2

Dimensions 4R25X

h1

max. 115

min. 108

h6

max. 102

min. 97

l1

max. 67

min. 65

l2

max. 67

min. 65

l3

max. 27

min. 23

- 45°

Terminals: spiral springs having at least three complete windings compressible to within 3 mm of the flat surface of the box.

This battery has rounded or bevelled corners and shall pass freely through a gauge having a diameter of 82,6 mm.

For general information, see IS

6303:2016 (under preparation)

1: Conical spiral wire spring terminals

6.6.4 Category 6 – Specifications: 4R25X


h 1

h6

1

l3

(–)

(+)

l1


4R25X


IEC designation 4R25X

Vn

(V)

6,0 OCV

max. (V) 6,92 Delayed discharge performance after 12 months (%

of MAD) 80 Applications Load Daily Period EV

(V) MADa

(Initial) Portable Lighting 1

8,2 Ω 30 min 3,6 350 min

Portable Lighting

9,1 Ω

30 min on, 30 min off for 8 h

3,6

270 min

Road warning lamp

110 Ω 12 h

3,6

155 h a Standard conditions (see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION

DOC ETD 10 (6901)Table 4, Initial discharge test).

l

Dimensions 4R25Y

h1

max. 114

min. 106

h6

max. 102

min. 97

l1

max. 67

min. 65

l2

max. 67

min. 65

l3

max. 25

min. 22

- 45°

Terminals: screw terminals (insulated or metallic nuts).

The maximum terminal stud diameter is 3,5 mm.

This battery has bevelled or rounded corners and shall pass freely through a gauge having a diameter of 82,6 mm.



2

6.6.5 Category 6 – Specifications: 4R25Y


l3

(–)

l1

(+)

Figure 24 – Dimensional drawing: 4R25Y


IEC designation 4R25Y

Vn

(V)

6,0

OCV max. (V) 6,92


80


(V) MADa

(Initial) Portable Lighting 1

8,2 Ω

30 min 3,6

350 min

Portable Lighting

9,1 Ω

30 min on, 30 min off for 8

3,

270 min

Road warning lamp

110 Ω 12 h 3,6 155 h


l h

6

h

1

Dimensions 4R25-2

h1

max. 127,0

min. -

h6

max. 114,0

min. 109,5

l1

max. 136,5

min. 132,5

l2

max. 73,0

min. 69,0

l3

max. 77,0

min. 75,2

r min. 14,0

Terminals: screw terminals (insulated nuts).

Maximum terminal stud diameter = 4,2 mm.

Minimum diameter of bearing surface of terminal = 6,3 mm.



1: Insulated nuts

2

6.6.6 Category 6 – Specifications: 4R25-2


1

(+) (–)

l3 r

l1


4R25-2


IEC designation 4R25-2

Vn

(V)

6,0

OCV

max. (V) 6,92


80


(V) MADa (Initial)

Portable Lighting 1

8,2 Ω 30 min 3,6

900 min

Portable Lighting

9,1 Ω

30 min on, 30 min off for 8 h

3,6

696 min

Road warning lamp

110 Ω 12 h

3,6

200 h

l 2

Dimensions 6F22 6LP3146

h1

max. 48,5 48,5

min. 46,5 46,5

h6

max. 46,4 46,4

min. - -

l1

max. 26,5 26,5

min. 24,5 24,5

l2

max. 17,5 17,5

min. 15,5 15,5

l3

max. 12,95 12,95

min. 12,45 12,45

Terminals: miniature snap fasteners.

For general information, see IS 6303:2016 (under

preparation)

1: Socket

2: Stud

6.6.7 Category 6 – Specifications: 6F22,6LP3146


1 2

(–) (+)

l

3 l

1


6F22, 6LP3146


L

IEC designation 6F22 6LP3146

Common

9V

9V, 6LF22

Vn (V) 9,0

9,0

OCV

max. (V) 10,4

10,1


(% of MAD) 80 90


(V) MADa (Initial)

Toy 270 Ω 1 h

5,4

7 h

12 h

Clock radio 620 Ω 2 h 5,4 24 h 33 h

Smoke

detectorb

Background: 10

kΩ Pulse:

Ω

1 s on, 3 599 s off for 24 h

per dayc

7,5

8 days

16 days

a Standard conditions (see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10 (6901)Table 4, Initial discharge test)

b This is an accelerated test


Background load Background load Background load

Pulse load Pulse load Pulse load

h7

h8

Dimensions 6F22

6LP3146

h7

max. 3,10

min. 2,90

h8

max. (2,55)

min.

l4

max. 5,77

min. 5,67

l5

max. (5,38)

min.

r1

max. (0,8)

min.

r2

max. (0,4)

min.

6.6.8 Category 6 – Configurations: Stud for 6F22, 6LP3146


l4

r1

r2

l5

Figure 27 – Dimensional drawing: Stud

l 2

h1

Dimensions 6AS4

h1 max. 114

l1 max. 168

l2 max. 113

Terminals: wire.

Minimum free length of connecting wires = 200 mm.

For general information, see IS 6303:2016 (under preparation)

1: Wire

6.6.9 Category 6 – Specifications: 6AS4


1

(–)

(+)

l1

Figure 28 – Dimensional drawing: 6AS4


IEC designation 6AS

4b Vn

(V)

8,4 OCV max. (V) 9,30


80


(V) MADa

(Initial) Electric fence controller

300 Ω 24 h 5,4 80 days

l 2

h

1

Dimensions 6AS6

h1 max. 162

l1 max. 192

l2 max. 128

Terminals: wire.

Minimum free length of connecting wires = 200 mm.

The wire ends may be fitted with special terminals.

For general information, see IS 6303:2016 (under preparation)

1: Wire

6.6.10 Category 6 – Specifications: 6AS6


1

(–)

(+)

l1

Figure 29 – Dimensional drawing: 6AS6


IEC designation 6AS6b Vn

(V)

8,4 OCV max. (V) 9,30


80


(V) MADa

(Initial) Electric fence controller

300 Ω 24 h 5,4 120 days a Standard conditions (see IS 6303 : 2016 UNDER PREPARATION DOC ETD 10

(6901)Table 4, Initial discharge test). b Equipment designers' attention is drawn to the importance of ensuring that air

access is not impeded for "A" system batteries.

Annex A

( informative)

Tabulation of batteries by application Each of the Tables A.1 to A.17 lists all the batteries for which there is a discharge test given in this specification for that application.

Within each table the batteries are listed in ascending order of nominal voltage and, within each nominal voltage, in ascending order of volume.

Table A.1 – Automatic camera

Designati

on Nominal voltage

V SR4

4 4SR44

1,55

6,2

Table A.2 – Digital

audio

Designati

on Nominal

voltage FR10G4

45 1,5

Table A.3 – Digital still camera

Designati

on Nominal

voltage FR14505 FR10G4

45

1,5

Table A.4 – Electric fence controller

Designati

on Nominal

voltage 5AR40

6AS

7,0

8,

Table A.5 – Electronic key

Designati

on Nominal

voltage CR202

5

3,0

3,0

Table A.6 – Hearing aid

Designati

on Nominal

voltage SR4

8

1,5

Table A.7 – Hearing aid high drain

Designati

on Nominal

voltage PR7

0

1,4

Table A.8 – Hearing aid standard

Designati

on Nominal

voltage PR7

0 1,4 PR4

1 1,4 PR4

8 1,4 PR4

4 1,4

Table A.9 – High intensity lighting

Designati

on Nominal

voltage FR10G4

45

1,5

1,5 Table A.10 – Photo

Designati

on Nominal

voltage CR15H

270 3,0 CR173

45 3,0 CR-

P2 6,0

2CR5

6,0

Table A.11 – Portable lighting (LED)

Designati

on Nominal

voltage 3R12

P 4,5

3R12S

4,5 4R25

X 6,0 4R25

Y 6,0 4R25-

2 6,0

Table A.12 – Radio

Designati

on Nominal

voltage 3R12

P 4,5 3R12

S 4,5

Table A.13 – Radio / Clock

Designati

on Nominal

voltage 6F2

2 9,0

6LP3146

9,0

NOTE The application for the 6F22 and 6LP3146 is Clock radio

Table A.14 – Road warning lamp

Designati

on Nominal

voltage 4R25

X 6,0 4R25

Y 6,0 4R25-

2 6,0

Table A.15 – Smoke detector

Designati

on Nominal

voltage 6F2

2

9,0

9,0

Table A.16 – Toy (motor)

Designati

on Nominal

voltage 6LP31

46 9,0

Table A.17 – Wireless streaming

Designati

on Nominal

voltage PR4

1

1,4

Annex B

(informative)

Cross-reference index Batteries having the same physical dimensions may belong to a different electrochemical system.

In order to allow physically interchangeable batteries from different electrochemical systems to be compared in terms of electrical performance, a cross-reference is given in Tables B.1 to B.6.

Batteries are ranked per category and in each category by chemistry and by shape/size. Batteries are always ranked by voltage and in each voltage by volume.

Table B.1 – Category 1

batteries

Round batteries according to Figures 1a and 1b

Ranking by electrochemical system

Ranking by shape/volume

FR10G445, FR14505 FR10G445, FR14505

Table B.2 – Category 2 batteries

Round batteries according to Figure 2



CR14250, CR15H270, CR17345, CR17450

BR17335

CR14250

CR15H270

BR17335





CR111

08

CR11108

(Figure 8)





PR70, PR41, PR48, PR44

SR62, SR63, SR65, SR64, SR60, SR67, SR66, SR58,

SR68, SR59, SR69, SR41, SR57,

SR55, SR48,

SR54, SR42, SR43, SR44

CR1025, CR1216, CR1220, CR1616, CR2012,

CR1620, CR2016, CR2025,

CR2320, CR2032,

CR2330, CR2430, CR2354, CR3032, CR2450

BR1225, BR2016, BR2320, BR2325, BR3032

SR62 SR63 SR65 SR64 SR60 SR67 SR66 PR70 SR58 SR68 SR59 SR69

PR41, , SR41 SR57

CR1025

CR1216

SR55 CR1220 PR48, SR48 BR12

25 CR16

16 SR54

CR2012 SR42

IEC 60086-2:2015 © IEC 2015


Other round batteries – Miscellaneous



2CR132

52

4SR

2CR13252, 4SR44

5AR40


Non-round batteries – Miscellaneous



3R12P, 3R12S, 4R25X, 4R25Y, 4R25-2, 6F22

6LP3146

CR-P2, 2CR5

6AS4, 6AS6

6F22, , 6LP3146

CR-P2,

2CR5

3R12P, 3R12S

4R25X

4R25

Y

4R25-2

6AS4

Annex C

(informative)

Index

The index in Table C.1 provides for the relation between a particular battery and its physical dimensions and application/service output test requirements.

In this index, the batteries are ranked by increasing number of the numerical part after the alphabetical part of the designation. In the case where two batteries have the same numerical part, they are ranked alphabetically according to the alphabetical part of the designation. In the case where these two rules still do not allow a clear ranking, further distinction is made by the increasing numerical part before the alphabetical part of the designation.

Table C.1 – Index

Battery Pag

e Battery Pag

e Battery Page

CR-P2 21

PR41 10

CR15H270 8

2CR5 22

SR41 14

CR1025 16 FR10G445 7 SR42 1

4 CR1216 1

6 3R12P 22

SR43 14

CR1220 16 3R12S 2

2 PR44 1

0 BR1225 1

6 5AR40 21

SR44 14

CR1616 16 6AS4 2

8 4SR44 1

8 CR1620 1

6 6AS6 29

PR48 10

CR2012 16 6F22 2

6 SR48 1

4 BR2016 1

6 6LP3146 26

SR54 14

CR2016 16 4R25X 2

3 SR55 1

4 CR2025 1

6 4R25Y 24

SR57 14

CR2032 16 4R25-2 2

5 SR58 1

4 BR2320 1

6 SR59 14

CR2320 16 SR60 1

4 BR2325 1

6 SR62 14

CR2330 16 SR63 1

4 CR2354 1

6 SR64 14

CR2430 16 SR65 1

4 CR2450 1

6 SR66 14

BR3032 16 SR67 1

4 CR3032 1

6 SR68 14

CR11108 9 SR69 1

4 2CR13252 1

8 PR70 10

CR14250 8 FR14505 6 BR17335 8

CR17345 8 CR17450 8

Annex D

(informative)

Common designation

The index in Table D.1 provides a cross-reference for IEC and common designations of batteries for marking purposes.

Table D.1 – Index

IEC Designatio

Common

Designatio

IEC Designation

Common

Designation IEC

Designation Commo

n CR-P2 22

3 PR4

1 312

CR15H270

CR2 FR10G44

5 AAA, FR03

SR41

384, 392 CR1025 1025 2CR5 24

5 SR4

2 344, 350, 387 CR1216 121

6 FR14505 AA, FR6 SR43

301, 386 CR1220 1220 3R12P -

- PR4

4 675

BR1225 -- 3R12S -

- SR4

4 303, 357 CR1616 161

6 6F22

9V

4SR44 -- CR1620 1620 6LP3146 9V,

6LF22 PR4

8 13

CR2012 2012 4R25X -

- SR4

8 309, 393 BR2016 -

- 4R25Y --

SR54

389, 390, SR1130

CR2016 2016 4R25-2 -

- SR5

5 381, 391 CR2025 202

5 SR57

395, 399, SR927

CR2032 2032 SR5

8 361, 362, SR721

BR2320 -- SR5

9 396, 397, SR726

CR2320 2320 SR6

0 363, 364, SR621

BR2325 -- SR6

2 SR516

CR2330 2330 SR6

3 379, SR521 CR2354 235

4 SR64

SR527

CR2430 2430 SR6

5 SR616

CR2450 2450 SR6

6 376, 377, SR626

BR3032 -- SR6

7 SR716

CR3032 3032 SR6

8 373, SR916 CR11108 1/3

N SR69

370, 371, SR921

2CR13252 2CR-1/3N, 28L PR7

0 10, PR536 CR14250 CR-1/2AA

BR17335 BR-2/3A

CR17345 123, CR123A CR17450 CR-

A 5AR40 --

6AS4

-- 6AS

6 --

Batteries having a letter ‘W’ at the end of the common designation should comply with Doc ETD (10242), where more detailed dimensions and test conditions are specified.

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