bulletin of the earthquake research institute vol. 47 (1969 ...bulletin of the earthquake research...
TRANSCRIPT
Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute
Vol. 47 (1969) pp. 271-394
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FIELD STUDIES OF MAJOR EARTHQUAKES IN
JAPAN
by
Tatsuo Usami
and
Junzo Tsuno
Earthquake Research Institute
(Submitted Jan. 28,1969 and received Jan. 31,1969.)
Translated at Columbia University under NSF Grant ENV73-07756 (M. Shinozuka, Principal Investigator)
Report No. ENV73-07756-1
August 1977 Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessa rily reflectthe views of the National Science Foundation.
t-B:-I~B;::,:,L-;-IO_G_R_A,:-P;:-H-;,I-:C-:D;-A_T_A __ l1_._R!:!e~p..:..°FrLt!3.N!l0:.' "Z-"Z-Q.lQ.?. _______ JL..2_. ______ +3~p~~,f'::::~...,;ie";.,:,'n~e...,;sL§-lc.;;;:;i~~::::.·s....;~~:~L.n..::,N..;.;~p-.--i..:;. )/: __ -1'['1 SHEET '1'" ! 4 (; ~ :' ;.:. -i/ ".. .."v;.~!-- ... -~ i ---e/~.1 .'.,' ,.
4. Tide and Subtitle 5. Report Date Bibliography of Field Studies of Major Earthquakes in Japan August 1977
7. Author(s) T. Usami, J. Tsuno
9. Performing Organization Name and Address Columbia University Department of Civil Engineering New York, New York 10027
12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address Research Applied to National Needs (RANN) National Science Foundation Washington, D.C. 20550
6.
8. Performing Organization Rept. No.
10. Project/Task/Work Unit No.
11. Contract/Grant No. ENV7307756
13. Type of Report & Period Covered
14.
15. Supplementary Notes Translation of Bibliography by M. Shinozuka, Columbia University Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, Volume 47 (1969)
16. Abstracts A bibliography of field studies on major earthquakes in Japan was prepared. This includes papers concerning the field inspection, seismometrical studies, studies of related phenomena and investigations of damages which were published prior to the end of 1965. The list consists of the following items: (1) reference number; (2) author's name; (3) title of the paper; (4) name, volume, year and page of the Bulletin in which the paper was published or the name of the publishers; (5) name and year of the earthquake studied; and (6) the main topic of the paper. Date, name, latitude, longitude, focal depth, magnitude, and reference number of the earthquakes are arranged in another table. Papers are classified by the year of the earthquake and by the main topic in the form of a table.
17. Key Words and Document Analysis. 170. Descriptors Earthquakes Earthquake resistant structures Bibliographies Tsunamis Faults Earth movements
17b~ Identifiers/Open-Ended Terms
Japan Faults -round Movement
17c. COSATI Field/Group 18. Availability Statement
NTIS
FORM NTIS·33 (REV 1073) ENDORSED BY ANSI AND UNESCO,
I
19. Security Class (This Report)
'lINC': LASS!!" TED 20. Security Class (This
Page UNCLASSIFIED
THIS FORM MAY BE REPRODUCED USCOMM.DC 8265·P74
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CONTENTS'"
TRANSJ ... A'rOR' S NOTES 0 • 0 ••• 0 0 •• 0 ••••••• 0 • 0 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1
ABBREVIATIONS GO Q " 0 • " (j 00 0 (I e Q 0 '" g ~ ~ ill • ~ (/I G ~ e G to! " 0 • " g (!) G • Go • ~ ., '" 01 • 2
INTRODUCTION AND BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE CLASS IFICATION ., $ eo" 011 !lI • Q ~ <3 0 Q III '" '" 03 .. 0 «I $ e 0 00 <III • II> 0 Q OIl • e II) 0 0 $I GO '" 4
REFERENCES 0 Q G I> • '" C> <II 0 0 Go 4> () 0 ., CI 0 0 III 0 Q ij) '" G e III G Q 0 e- Gil II) • 0 $ '" 01> 0 G to 0 0 II) Q 8
Table 1. Earthquakes Investigated in This Bibliography ¢I 0 C a .., 0 CI 0 'iii 0 <J 0 Gil 0 • " oS) •• 0 " (JI 0 • 0 • Gil> ... G Q 9
Table 2. Total Number of Articles Classified by Period and Subject .. o....................... 18
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FIELD STUDIES ON MAJOR EARTHQUAKES IN JAPAN ill .. GO" • CI 0 /) • fiI co tot 0 0 CI G Q) .. G Q 0 () • ., (D 0 • CI • III II> Q ..... ., 0 <I> Il1o '" .. <!I 01> 19
1.
2.
Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute. ( Jishin Kenkyuhjo Iho ) ( ~tH~li1f~PJT~¥a )
Prompt Report of the Earthquake Research
20
Institute.o., II) 1;1 ... " Gil $ Qo$. til e 00 G \!II 00., 0 •• G 13 .. " (I." (:I Qo. CI •• I) III 44 ( Jishin Kenkyuhjo Kenkyuh Sokuho ) ( 1ll! ~ iVf ~ pfi !Vf !'.E iJlHll )
3. Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan. 48 ( Jishin ) ( it!! Zll1 )
4. Quarterly Journal of Seismology •.•• 0 ••••••••• 0 • 63 ( Shinken Jiho ) ( ~7fi~W )
5.1 Report of the Imperial Earthquake Investigation
( Shinsai Yobo Chohsakai Hohkoku ( ~~.:y,l1jdI£lI~~~
5.2 Bulletin of the Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee (in Foreign Languages) 101
5.3 Publications of the Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee (in Foreign Languages) 103
5.4 Seismological Notes .........•................. 104 6. Bulletin of the Disaster Prevention Research
Institute, Kyoto University.o ......•.........• 105 ( Bohsai Kenkyuhjo Kenkyuh Hohkoku ) ( M~M~m~~~~ )
7. Bulletin of the Science and Engineering Research Laboratory of Waseda University ..••.. 107
*No Table of Contents was included in the original edition.
8. Journal of Geography ••.••••.•••••••••••••••••.•• 109 ( Chigaku Zasshi ) ( itl!~~~ )
9 • The Earth....................................... 120 { Chikyu ( it!! J;jI )
10. Journal of the Geogrpahical Survey Institute of Japan........................................ 124
( Chiri Chohsajo Jiho ) ( il!i!."m~~ )
11. The Geography ................................... 125 ( Chirigaku ( :1tI! 31. ~
12. The Geographical Review .••••••••.•••••.••.•••••• 126 ( Chirigaku Hyohron ) ( ~ m~_ i!¥" )
13. Special Rpeort of the Imperial Geological Survey Institute of Japan •.•••.•••••••.•.•••..•••.•.•.. 129
( Chishitsu Chohsajo Tokubetsu Hohkoku ) ( ~_~[Il) it PJT ~ }J't~ ~ )
14. The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan •• 132 ( Chishi tsugaku Zasshi ) ( it!J.~lt~ )
15. Journal of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 136
( Doboku Gakkai Shi ) ( ±*¥~U )
16. Technical Data on Civil Engineering •••.••.••.•.• 140 ( Doboku Gijutsu Shiryo ) ( ± * tt WI _~ *4 )
17. Report of the Public Works Research Institute, Ministry of Construction ••••••••••.••••••••••••• 141
( Kensetsu-sho Doboku Kenkyuhjo Hohkoku ) ( ()I~~) ± '* if R Dr _ iii- )
18. Geophysical Magazine............................ 142 19. IISEE Earthquake Report ••••....•.••.••...•...•.. 143 20. Japanese Journal of Astronautics and Geophysics. 144 21. Science ......................................... 146
( Kagaku ) ( f4!¢- )
22. Scientific Yomiuri .............................. 147 ( Kagaku Yomiuri ) ( i4 -~_~ ~ )
23. Report of the Building Research Institute ••.•... 148 ( Kenchiku Kenkyuh Hohkoku ) ( .. ~~.& )
24. Journal of Architecture and Building Science ••.• 152 ( Kenchiku Zasshi ) ( it ~~ It )
25. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan .• 160 ( Kisho Shuhshi ) ( ~ ~ ~ it )
-ii-
26. Disaster Prevention Research Institute Annual Report, Kyoto University .....•......•.•..•.••.•. 167
( Kyoto Daigaku Bohsai Kenkyuhjo Nenpo ) ( ~W*~~~~~m~~ )
27. Niigata Applied Geological Research Report ....•. 168 ( Niigata Ohyo Chishitsu Kenkyuh Shi ) ( ~~~ffl~~~~U )
28. Transactions of the Architectural Institute of Japan II ............ G CiI ••• ....... lit .. Co 0 II III ...... e .. • .. .. .. .. • • • .. • • .. ... 169
( Nihon Kenchiku Gakkai Ronbun Hohkokushu ) ( 8*~~~~~~~~~ )
29. Technical Report~()f the National Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering ...•.•..... 171
( Nohgyo Doboku Shikenjo Giho ) ( •• ±*M~~~~ )
30. proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Japan .... 172 31. Academic Research Report of the Saito Ho-on Kai. 179
( Saito Ho-on Kai Gakujutsu Kenkyuh Hohkoku ) ( ~~~2~~~~~~~ )
32. Annual Rpeort of the Work of the Saito Ho-oj Kai 180 ( Saito Ho-on Kai Jigyo Nenpo ) ( ~~~m~.~~~ )
33. Scientific Report of Tohoku Imperial University. 181 34. The Hydrographic Bulletin .....•...••............ 183
( Suiro Yoho ) ( * m ~ w )
35. Railway Civil Engineering .••••.....••••......... 184 ( Tetsudo Doboku ) ( ~ii±* )
36. Railway Technical Research Report .•...•.•....... 185 ( Tetsudo Gijutsu Kenkyuh Hohkoku ) ( ~~ttm~~~~ )
37. Technical Notes of the Research Institute of the Minister's Secretariat, Ministry of Railways 186
( Tetsudo Daijin Kanvo Kenkyuhjo Gyohmu Kenkyuh Shiryo ) (~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ )
38. General Studies on the Tohoku Districts •.•....•. 187 ( Tohoku Kenkyuh ) ( ~ ~t rvf ~ )
39. Oriental Arts and Sciences •.•..........•••.•.... 188 ( Tohyo Gakugei Zasshi ) (*~!'F:!:~tt )
40 • Sea and Sky ..... CI 0 I) oS II $ .. e 0 ~ G ... 41 .. e .. II .. 0 .. " ...... " • " ........ G.. 193 ( Umi to Sora ) ( I;fijc.~ )
41. Yamagata Architects News - a Special Edition on the Disaster due to the Niigata Earthquake .•..•. 195
( Yamagata Kenchiku-shi Dayori - Niigata Jishin Saigai Tokushu )
~*B.±~~Y-~.~~~BM.
-iii-
42. Report of the Research Institute of Underground Resources, Mining College, Akita University •.... 195
( Yamagata Daigaku Kozan Gakubu Chika Shigen Kaihatsu Kenkyujo Hohkoku)
~j:m*~8J1;!1J~tl'B~"F10~rm~liJf~pM~)5-
43. Anna1es de Geophysique ••••••..•..••••••••..••.•• 196 44. Annual Report of the Work, Saito Ho-on Kai. .•.•.. 196 45. Bulletin of the Central Meteorological
Observatory of Japan ••••••••••••.•.•.••••..•.... 196 46. Bulletin of the Geographical Survey Institute ... 197 47. Bulletin of the Seismic Society of America ••.••• 197 48. Bu11etin -of Tokyo Gakugei University •••••..•.•.. 198 49. Geophysical Exploration •••••••••.••••.•.•.•••••• 198
( Butsuri Tanko ) ( tlJlm~_ )
50. Earth Physics................................... 199 ( Chikyu Butsuri ) ( i1kJJlt~31 )
51. Earth Science ...••••••.••••...•...••••.•.•..••.. 199 ( Chikyu Kagaku ) ( i1!! __ ~M ~ )
52. The Geography ( Ohtsuka Geographical Society) .• 199 ( Chiri; Ohtsuka Chiri Gakkai ) ( ~ ~(*~~~~~) )
53. The Geography ( Kokin Shoin Press) •.••.•.•••.. 200 ( Chiri; Kokin Shoin ) ( ~ l! (~~.~) )
54. The Geographical Education •••..••••.••••.••..... 200 ( Chiri Kyoiku ) ( ~l!~!f )
55. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan .•••.• 200 ( Chishitsu Chohsajo Geppo ) ( ~ K Nil!i: P1T ,Ej ¥G )
56. Report of the Imperial Geological Survey of Japan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 201
( Chishitsu Chohsajo Hohkoku ) ( ~ 'Ii NIH!f P1T ¥G )5- )
57. Geotechnics ..................................... 201 ( Chishitsu Kohgaku ) ( ~ 'IIf I ~ )
58. The Geological News •.•.••••.••••.••..•.•..••••.• 202 ( Chishitsu News ) ( illl.=:t-:7.. )
59. Monthly Survey Rpeort of the Niigata City Council. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 203
( Chohsa Geppoi Niigata Shigikai Jirnukyoku ) ( iIII~JHa (ii£mUl~.~Jii) )
60. Journal of Central Meteorological Observatory •.• 203 ( Chuo Kishohdai Kenkyu Jiho ) ( qqt::~.t:H1f1l!_~ )
-iv-
61. Coastal Engineering in Japan .•.•.•....••.•.•.... 203 62. Collected Papers, Department of Civil Engineer-
ing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo 204 63. C. R. Seances Conference Gen. Ass. Geod. Int .... 204 64. Journal of the Institute of ElBctrical
Engineers in Japan •...•.••.•.•.......•.•.•.•.•.• 204 ( Denki Gakkai Zasshi ) ( .5{(~~1AIi~ )
65. Circulars of the Electrotechnical Laboratory .•.. 205 ( Denki Shikenjo Chohsa Hohkoku ) ( .~iit~mIDil~Hj,!* )
66. The Radio Wave JournaL ....•...•..••.•.......... 205 (Denpa Jiho)
fI;$lll;f~ )
67. The El,ectric Power.............................. 205 ( Denryoku ) ( II 11 )
68. Disaster Prevention Research Institute Bulletin. 206 69. Civil Engineering ..•.•...••..•.................. 206
(poboku Gijutsu ) ( ±*tt~ )
70. Technical Notes of the Public Works Research Institute ....... e •• e. eo co eo ........ ., ...................... 207
( Doboku Kenkyujo Shiryo ) ( ±*lVf~m~*4 )
71. Report of the Imperial Civil Engineering Testing Institute of Japan ..•....•.....•.......• 207
( (Naimusho) Doboku Shikenjo Hohkoku ) ( (R~~) ±*~Dm~~ )
72. Bulletin of the Imperial Civil Engineering Testing Institute of the Hokkaido Development Burea u .. ., ... 0 0 ... eo" • 0 • 0 ...... 0 " ••• ~ ..... ~ ••••• 0 • • •• 208
( Doboku Shikenjo Iho (Hokkaido Kaihatsukyoku)} ( ±*~~m~~ (~t;iij~IIIH~fiijj) )
73. Research Notes on Coastal Ocean Technology ...... 208 ( Engan Kaiyo Kenkyu Note ) ( ;aJ;i!;m~lVf~/-~ )
74. Jouranl of the University Alumni Association .... 208 ( Gakushikai Geppo ) ( ~±~fl~ )
75. Gerlands Neitrage zur Geophysik .....•.••.••.•... 209 76. Science Report of the Faculty of Liberal Arts
and Education, Gifu University ...........•...... 209 ( Gifu Daig~ku Gakugei Gakubu Kenkyu
Hohkoku, Shizen Kagaku ) ( ~.*~~~~~~~~~ ~~~* 77. Geophysical Bulletin of the Hokkaido University. 210
( Hokkaido Daigaku Chikyu Butsurigaku Kenkyu Hohkoku )
78. ( ~~~~ .. ~-~~.~~~
Memoirs of the Sapporo Meteorological ( Hokkaido Kisho Yoho ) ( :It Jij ii ~ ~ ~ ~ll )
-v-
) Observatory 210
79. Survey Report of the Hokuriku Meteorological Observatory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 211
( Hokuriku Kisho Kanku Kenkyu Hohkoku ) ( :II: JIi~~ W IE if ~ .. JIl ~ )
80. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography •••.•.• 211 81. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial
University of Tokyo •••••••••••.••••.•••••••.••.• 211 82. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial
University of Tokyo, Section II .••••.••••.•....• 212 83. Journal of Geology.............................. 212 84. Journal of Physics of the Earth ..••....••..•.•.• 213 85. Scientific Asahi ................................ 213
( Kagaku Asahi ) ( ~¥~13 )
86. Oceanography and Meteorology ••....•.•••••••.•••• 214 ( Kaisho to Kisho ) ( ;lil.c:~a· )
87. Memoirs of the Kakioka Earth Magnetism Observatory ........... (I • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 214
( Kakioka Chijiki Kansokujo Yoho ) ( ~~~m~.~m~~ )
88. Steam Power Generation~ .••••.•••••.•...••..••..• 214 ( Karyoku Hatsuden ) ( *:h~1lt )
89. ·Architecture ( A Monthly Journal for Architects and Designers ) ........................ 8o........ 215
( Kenchiku ) ( It ~ )
90. Architectural Technology News •..••••••••••••••.. 215 ( Kenchiku Gijutsu News ) ( 1t~!tm=;J,-A
91. Architectural World ••••.••••••••••••••.••••••... 216 ( Kenchikukai ) ( lt~fI. )
92. Memoirs of the First Technical Research Institute, Bureau of Construction, Home Office •• 216
( Kensetsuin Daiichi Gijutsu Kenkyuhjo Gaiho) ( 1tIDi:ll1Cm-tt*PJf~m~fH ')
93. Construction Engineers ••••••.••••••.•••••.••.•.. 217 ( Kensetsusha:) ( It IDi: ~ )
94. The Meteoro"logy .••••.••.•.••... (I •••••••••••••••• 217 ( Kisho ) ( ~ f{ )
95. Technical Report of the Japan Meteorological Agency •.•..•....•..•.•.. III • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 218
( Kishocho Gijutsu Hohkoku ) . ( ~ lUi" !t *i '1H!r )
96. Meteorological Review ••.•..•••••.•••••..••••.••• 218 ( Kisho Zasshu ) ( ~~~!t1.t )
97. Bulletin of the Kobe Marine Observatory ••••••••• 218 ( Kobe Kaiyo Kishohdai Iho ) ( ~~.~~ .. ~~ )
- ilj-
98. Mineralogy and Geology .••.••..•..••....••..•...• 219 ( Kohbutsu to Chishitsu ) ( iI1\~cit!J~ )
99. Research Reports of Kochi University, Natural Science.CI ...... Cio.00~ ..... ""G".lta ••••••• o ••••• It ••••• 219
( Kochi Daigaku Kenkyu Hohkoku, Shizen Kagaku )
( ~~*!FlVf~~*, I3~H!F ) 100. Research Reports of Koch-i University .•.•.••..... 219
( Kochi Daigaku Gakujutsu Kenkyu Hohkoku ) ( •• *!F!F.lVfRg*, )
101. Industrial Water •..••••...•..•..•.•.•...•...•..• 220 ( Kohqyo Yohsui ) ( I ~ m * )
102. Journal of the Geological Survey Institute •....• 220 ( Kokudo Chiriin Jiho ) ( OO±it!Jmll!1i:~g )
103. Ports and Harbors............................... 220 ( Kohwan ) ( ~ ~ )
104. Technical Notes on Structural Design .......•.... 221 ( Kohzohbutsu Sekkei Shiryo ) ( m~~~~~~ )
105. Journal of the Society of Heating, Air-conditioning and Sanitary Engineers of Japan ..•.•..• 221
( Kuhki Chohwa Eisei Kohgaku ) ( ~~~;fo·~1:.I!F )
106. Kyoto Niigata ..............•.......••....•..•.. 221 ( Kyodo Niigata ) ( gjl ± ~ ~ )
107. The Science Report of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University ..•.•..•...•............••..... 222
( Kyushu Daigaku Rigakubu Hohkoku, Chishitsugaku no Bu )
108 .. :~\1.o.nth.~·y Econ Co> ............... e GIl e ..... lit .... " .......... 0 ............ It .. .. .... 222 ( Mansuri Ekon ) ( ~ ;..- A I) - :r. ::J ;..- )
109. Reports of the Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo Universityo .. IlI •• oe.IIII ..... o ••• OIl •••••••••••••• 222
( Meijo Daigaku Rikohgakubu Kenkyu Hohkoku ) (~N~~mlI!FOOlVfRg*, )
110. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B •..•.......•••.•••. 223
Ill. Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Hekkaido Uni versi ty '" I) .... a <II 0 .. OIl 10 .. lit .. l1li ........ III CillO ..................... a .. .. .... 223
112. Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya Uni vers i ty CD • C. 0 0 '" • 0 " • I> " CD •••••••••• I> • 0 • 0 CD (I • " ..... e. 223
113. Memoirs of the Imperial Marine Observatory, Kobe 224 114. Mokuzai Kogyo (Wood Industry) .•....•.....•..• 0 • o. 224
( Mokuzai Kogyo ) ( * M I ~ )
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115. M~~thly Report of Agricultural Meteorology, N11gata Prefecture •••.••••••.••••••••••••.•••••• 224
( Niigataken Kisho Geppo ) ( tff~~5n~nfR )
116. Report of the Japan Society of Seismology ••••.•. 225 ( Nihon Jishin Gakkai Hohkoku ) ( a*~~~~~~ )
117. Journal of the Oceanographical Society of Japan. 225 ( Nihon Kaiyo Gakkai Shi ) ( a* ;~ ;tt. !¥! ~ U; )
118. Research Reports of the Architectural Institute of Japan........................................ 226
( Nihon Kenchiku Gakkai Kenkyu Hohkoku ) ( a*m~~~~~fR~ )
119. Research Reports of Tohoku Branch, Architectural Institute of Japan ••.••.••.••••.••••.•...•••••.• 226
( Nihon Kenchiku Gakkai Tohoku Shibu Kenkyu Hohkokushu )
a*tt~~~.~~~~~fR~~ ) 120. Agricultural technology .••••.••.•.•..••.•••••••• 226
( Nohgyo Gijutsu ) (n * ~ * )
121. Annual Report of the Osaka Weather Station on Earthquake s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 227
( Osaka Sokkohjo Nempo, Jishin no Bu ) ( *WOIH~pJT~¥R l1!!~z~ )
122. Engineering Geo1goy ••••••••••••.•••••••.•.•.•••• 227 ( Ohyo Chishitsu ) ( fiC;ffl~~ )
123. Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics •••••••••••. 227 124. Proceedings of the Tokyo Mathematico-Physical
Society. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 22 B 125. Pub. Bureau Centro Seism. Int. U.G.G.I. Sere A •. 228 126. Saito Ho-on Kai Museum Research Bulletin •••••.•• 228 127. Monthly Journal of the Institute of Industrial
Science, University of Tokyo •••.••.••••..•.•..•. 229 ( Seisan Kenkyu ) ( g:: it .~ .~ )
128. Seismological Journal of Japan ••••....••.•.•.••• 229 129. Journal of the Japanese Association of
Petroleum Technologists ••••.•••.••••••••••••.••• 230 ( Sekiyu Gijutsu Kyohkai Shi ) ( =!5~!l!~~~~~ )
130. Report of the Technical Research Institute, Bureau of War Disaster Restoration •••.•..•••••.• 230
( Sensai Fukkoin Gijutsu Kenkyujo Yoho ) ( .!llUI!. 11l W ~ ~ ~ ~ !re PJT ~ ¥Ii )
131. Bulletin of the Research Institute of National Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 231
Shigen Kagaku Kenkyujo Iho ) .~~~~~m.~ )
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132. Shin Kenchiku (New Architecture) ...........•...• 231 ( Shin Kenchiku ) ( tIT ~ ~ )
133. New Ci tie s ..... " ... .. a e ao ID <It .... e ... " a .. 0 CI ...... 0 .. ,. • & • ... 231 ( Shin Toshi ) ( tlT1mm )
1340 The Nature ....... e 0 GO ... III 0 III '" .... III> 10 • lIP 0 e " .... III • • • ... • • • • • •• 232 ( Shizen ) ( !3??: )
135. Weather Service Bulletin .........•.........•.... 232 ( Sokko Jiho ( ;JII] ~ a;¥ fll )
136. Journal of the Geodetic Society of Japan ......•. 232 ( Sokuchi Gakkai Shi ) (;J!IUt!lt¢~~ )
137. A Monthly Journal of Surveying .....•............ 234 ( Sokuryo ) ( ;JII] fiI: )
138. Special Contributions of the Geophysical Institute, Kyoto University ...•.•.......•••...•. 234
139. Journal of the Water Works Association •......... 235 ( Suido Kyohkai Zasshi ) ( *lith.~(lItu: )
140. The Hydrographic Bulletin ........•.•...•.•.•.... 235 ( Suirobu Iho ) ( 7l<i'8-B6~¥a )
141. Report of the Hydrographic Research ...........•. 236 ( Suirobu Kenkyu Hohkoku ) ( *~&fHvt~~~ )
142. Memoirs of the Imperial Academy of Japan ........ 236 ( Teikoku Gakushiin Kiji ) ( ;.ti§ll!f!±!;i:*C-. )
143. Bulletin of the Astronomy and Geophysics (in Japanese) .. CI I» • a .... I/> III ..... Q 0 • '" ....... III .. 0 CI ......... 0 •• 236
( Tenmongaku oyobi Chikyu Butsurigaku Hohbun Rippo )
( ~~~&~~~W~~x~~ ) 144. Prompt Report of the Railway Technical Research
145.
146.
147.
Ins ti tu te 0 • ....... eo • 0 C1 ., 1/1 ..... 0 '" C QI e ... " ........ a • <It III • • • • •• 237 ( Tetsudo Gijutsu Kenkyuhjo Sokuho ) ( ~l1t1it~~~m)i"~ )
Annals of the Tohoku Geogrpahical Association .•• 237 ( Tohoku Chiri ) ( JI.! ~t ~ 3! )
The Architectural Reports of Tohoku University .. 238 ( Tohoku Daigaku Kenchiku Gakuho ) ( :It! ~t *- ~ jt m t¢ W )
Contributions from the Institute of Geolgoy and Paleontology, Tohoku University •......•......... 238
( Tohoku Daigaku Rigakubu Chishitsugaku Koseibutsugaku Kyohshitsu Kenkyu Hohbun Hohkoku )
( *~t*t¢!lll'¥'fl~~t!l~~tl±.!Im~~~liJf~f~3t~~:t- ) 148. Memoirs of
Tokyo the Tokyo Insititute of Physics ...••• 239 Butsuri Gakko Zasshi ) * :~d~ 1:t1 !'F ;};,): ~1t ti }
-ix-
149. Transactions of the Geographical Society of Tokyo 239 ( Tokyo Chigaku Kyohkai Hohkoku ) ( ~*~¥m~~~ )
150. Transactions of the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo ••.•• 240
( Tokyo Daigaku Kohgakubu Doboku Kohgakuka Rombun Shuhroku )
( ~*~~I~~±*I~H~X$~ ) 151. Annual Report of the Department of Physics,
Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo •.•••.•••• 240 ( Tokyo Daigaku Rigakubu Chikyu Butsurigaku
Kyohshitsu Kenkyu Hohkoku ) ( ~.~.~.~~.~~.~~m~~~ ) 152. Transactions of the American Geophysical Union ••. 241 153. Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan •••.. 241 154. Transactions of the Seismological Society of
Japan ...............•.......•............•....... 242 155. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering •....••• 243
( Tsuchi to Kiso ) ( ±c. £ II! )
156. Special Issue of the Architectural Association of Waseda University (published in the 13th Year of the Taisho Era).......................... 244
( Waseda Kenchiku Gakuho, Taisho 13 Nen Tokubetsugo )
( .!f. ~~ EEl llt m • ~ ~.iE 13 ~ ~;¥ ~IJ % 157. Bulletin of the Yamagata University, Natural
Science .......................................... 244 ( Yamagata Daigaku Kiyo, Shizen Kagaku ) ( 1ll~~.*C~ ~·?i.\H~ )
SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS, A-1 through A-354
Report on the Ko-No Earthquake •••.•.•..••••.••••• 245 (Ko-No Jishin Hohkoku ) ( ll:i~p1l!m~~ )
Reports on the Great Taisho Earthquake and Fire Disaster ............................. lit • • • • • • • • • •• 245
(Taisho Daishin Kasai Shi l ( ~.iE~S1*~it )
Reports on the Taisho Earthquake Disaster in Tokyo .•••.••..•.•••••.•.•. lit • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 247
( Tokyofu Taisho Shinsai Shi ) ( :\t!jiUM~:iE.~it )
Reports on the Kita-Tajima Earthquake Disaster .•• 247 ( Hokutan Shinsai Shi ) ( [email protected] )
Reports on the Izu-Shohnan Earthquake of Novemeber 26, 1930............................... 248
( Shohwa 5 Nen 11 Gatsu 2b Nichi Zuso Zishin Hohkoku )
-x-
General Report on the Strong Off-Sanriku Earth-quake and the Following ~sunami •...•.•.....•..... 249
( Sanrikuoki Kyohshin oyobi Tsunami Gaiho ) ( E~~~~&.~W~ )
General Report on the Tohnankai Earthquake of December 7, 1944 .. e II II & ... 0 ..... Q e I) 0 .... 0 $ II ., II .. II II II II .. ill' II. 250
Shohwa 19 Nen 12 Gatsu 7 ka Tohnankai Daijishin Chohsa Hohkoku )
( a~j;fQ 19 if-. 12 J'l 7 13 * i$j;fii :;I;: :ttl! ~ W!l1t lllI ¥~ General Report on the Great Nankaido Earthquake of Decembeer 21, 1946 .•.•.....••.•.•..•.••...•..• 251
( Shohwa 21 Nen 12 Gatsu 21 Nichi Nankaido Daijishin Chohsa Gaiho )
( !Ill ~ 21 if-. 12 J'l 21 13 m ;til i11l: :;I;; :It!! ~ l'f.d 1t W ~ ) Reports on the Great Nankai Earthquake Disaster .. 253
( Nankai Daishinsai Sh;i ) ( 1¥i;fii:;l;:~~it )
Research Report on the Ground Movement in the Shikoku District .........•..•.•....•....•.....•.. 254
( Shihkoku Chiho Jiban Hendo Chohsa Hohkokusho) ( ~OO:ttl!~~~~~W!l~~~~ )
Prompt Report on the Fukui Earthquake of 1948 .•.. 257 ( Shohwa 23 Nen Fukui Jishin Chohsa Kenkyu
Sokuho ) ( ajg~23if-titjfiillw.l1W!ljIHJf~i*~ )
The Fukui Earthquake of June 28, 1948 ............ 261 Report on the Tokachi-oki Earthquake of Hay 4, 1952 ......... 0 ••• G •••••••••• "ao ••••••• GlII •••••••••• 261
Tokachioki Jishin Chohsa Hohkoku, 1952 Nen 3 Gatsu 4 Ka )
+1!Mpit!!1l(if,lIH~* 1952 ~ 3 J'l 4 El
Prompt Survey Report on the Chilean Tsunami, May 24,1960 ...•......•..........•............... 265
1960 Nen 5 Gatsu 24 Ka Chili Jishin Tsunami Tohsa Sokuho )
( 19GO if- 5 J'l 24 13'1-1) :ttl! •• ;Jl!i'.lBfi:i*OW
Report on the Chilean Tsunami of May 24, 1960, as Observed along the Coast of Japan .•..•.......• 268
( 1960 Nen 5 Gatsu 24 Ka Chili Jishin Tsunami ni Kansura Rombum oyobi Hohkoku )
( 1960 if- 5 J'l 24 BTl) :ttl!\'1.1:4t;.!II:(L:fl11t" ?>IDi'i3t& V'¥~* Report on the Niigata Earthquake Disaster Pre-vention Resea~ch ..•.•......•................•... 272
( Niigata Jishin Boh.sai Kenkyu Sohgo Hohkoku ( ~~:ttl!~M~~~~~OW~
Restoration Plan for the Niigata Earthquake Disaster .. II .... II It .... II .. co .. II II II .. 0 e ., .... If> .. GO G> a cD co .............. co. 275
Niigata Jishin Saigai Fukko Keikaku Wr;~~:ttl!raJ".~m~utii!ii
-xi-
Proceedings of the Research Meeting of the Matsushiro Earthquake •••••••..•.•.••.••••.••••..• 275
( Matsushiro Jishin Sohgo Hohkokukai Koen Yohshi )
)
SEPARATE VOLUMES, B-1 through B-156 .•......•......•.... 277
References under classification B are all published as books. Their authors, titles, publishers, and dates of publication are listed below in Japanese.
B- 1
B-2 ffr~:mtf:
B-3 fj()!li,\jri A &M B - 4 ~jt!!3tjf~ ilii B- 5 )tIH~nn
B - 6 *iRmum· IWl'l1iI§ B- 7 Tilli '!!~
B - 8 lT~[EHII
B- 9 Iii! *"8 u;,i B-I0 L)-H(kn~JJJJ
B-ll '11l!it~
B-12 f)\mat~;J&rMf
B-13 ~~~~
B-14 1JuJliHtrUiI $l~
B-15
B-16 C. Davison
B-17 M. Shibusawa
B -18 v-rf1j'ti ~l:i}";i) B-19 I)HJrtltl:0JI,)
IJIJrtl5 ~lfJ 2 Jl 6 13 ~IB:It!!!lt :It!!~~¥a
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fj(mJli!:;AJt!!m{I"~t1lJ)*~~~rntR The Japanese Earthquake of 1923.
A Description of the Damages Done by the Great
KIE~~jr.; J:' r kiE~~;t-: '!J.~I~lli
B -20 Bureau of Social Affairs The Great Earthquake of 1923 in Japan.
B -21 Bureau of Social Affairs Companion Maps and Diagrams to the Great
B-22
B-23 '1'rJi;~'/~f/
B -24 fl' rJi;';.tt%.!f? B -25 ',t1',d"f: 0 • 'ill'i<\t6lr0 B-26 NIjIU;~W~i~jl
B-27 J,fVI(f1i,~;W];;<~f'J:m
B-281 ~~!f'lJJH~:~~H4!fm B-29 ~mfT
B-3 ~~III!lU~~fflI B-31 B-32 lliftfl!!mtJ.l:fflI B -33 lliftfl!!mtJ:l:fflI B-34 ~Jt!!lJiIJtffll
B- ~Jt!!lII!I.fflI
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8-37 *i3ffl1 B-38 *~fIII B -39 JlI:flIllff/lm~m
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!l'-J1!!1l\II.fflI 1927 Jl1;l1!!lflIlm:flll 1929 Jl1;11!!lflIlllflll 1929 Jl1;11!!1I111Ill:fffl 1929 Jl1;11!!1I1111ll:ffB 1930 l1!!lJ'HJ]' <rem Jl1;.It!!1I1111ft:ffB 1932 Jl1;.It!!1I11113:flll 1935 'Hllil'!j~~
J1lt;f;l;. 7.lcJ1F.f;~ 1934 J1lt.tt·liltt/ii} 1934
Jl1;l1!!1I111Ill:flll 1934 Jl1;.It!!n\llfll:t'ff1 1936 ~1'f1.1I111~m 1934 fiilJ:.It!!JII\~t 1960
rp • 1m • ~~r.3 1955
I I' • 1m • M!altM 1955 ~t·.·J1I.l·tf··{; 1950 ~t·.·J)I,l·!M'·{! 1951
1948 B-61 Y. Sakabe On the Damage of Fukui Earthquake and the !1!!·T:-t!4~· 2 1960 B-62 fUHiWi@f~ffl Jll3;ft:l23~ 6 }j2813 (1)tIilM1!!mC1)j/lHdj,!ili ~JrH:~ldJ(ij@f
B-63 Office of the Eng. G.H.Q, The Fukui Earthquake, Hokuriku Region, Vol. 1 G. H. Q. 1949 B-64 OfficeoftheEng.G.H.Q. The Fukui Earthquake, Hokuriku Region, Vol. 2 G. H.Q. 1949 B-65 1lii:if!lil. ttiljHI~~t tm jj:!IiI. 1949 B -66 ~ttiaJ!l:k!!f:Jl1!.!!f:ffll.lt!?~$
B-67 q:t*~'~#!1!!m~ B-68 *ffllffJlt~rmlt~;llI!
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B -79 9l!illt1iIN±!1!!Jl1!.~ B-80 R. Takahasi
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B-82 ;tHJt/tl'lK~~a
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7 V !1!!1IJnj!:l1t;)I,J~*{!;-.-i1tiW:!1!!Mc 7 V!1!!1I14!l1t-Report on the Chilean Tsunami of 1960, 196(Y<jO 5 fl24EJ 7 ~ t1!!i;It(ltilt.illilfi$j,!Q,' U(3;ft:l35ij:: 5 J124S 7 V -t1!!Jlf4tilt;J41Jtll!!t$j,! 1IB~35~ 5 fj24 El1- v!1!!ill1tllUiIlli.a1!r IIHf035~ 5 Jl24A 7 V 11!!.i1!iltilP.l1f.*l1!f O]llfllJ) 19OO1f- 5 fl24El1- V -.It!!ili1tiltll!!t*l IIBfIl35~ 5 Jl24ElIttl!fffli'GW:t;:*ilItj!}~ t t..: t;;, lA..: 7 V
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Obs. Comm. Earthquake, June 16, 1964. B- 98 ±*~~~~.~lflil1E~ 1IS~39{f.m~!t •• ~ilfIjJ1E*~ ± * ~ ~ 1966 B- 99 B *@~~~ ~~Jm.~i!f~1f*~ 1964 B-1oo B *@~~~ $j:~~.I1f!trl;:::t,;tt o@~1'!oQ)ifit.l5tH~l\!!t;::nII-t oilfljJ1fef 1965 B-101 A *@~~~ilim~(fll ~~Jm.@~?iIli!filfljJ1EfIl~. B o@o~oilifl 1964 B-I02 13 *~:I:~1t@~ta~ m~Jm.I;::.t o~1t@~4nQ)?iIl~:tJ:l7i'.ilfIjJ1ffll~. (m~ n °fIo~o@ota 1964
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fi~.I1f!.~W~~ 1964. 6. 16 13:02 ffi~jtfl.ltiltilfljJ1f*~
ffi~Jm.~~?iIlW*~ mlJm fi~:l1!!.~~?iIlW~IH!f ~ 21m fi~Jm.t;::nII-t 1.> ~ il~m:t::."':)~,-c :ii~Jm •• ~iil'\l1t*~. 1ISftl40~ 9 .fl :ii~Jm1JJmtlt~ItI~1EjJUtt;::~-t o.i!~ ffi~Jm:n1t!!tIt%tlbilfljJ1fIllIj"I::.~-t o*ll1!f (fm'f0391f. 8 fl ffi~Jm1JJmtt%tIbiil'\l11EII\IJfl:t.::.~-t 1.> *Il{lf -. =~*l¥! fi~Jm1Jjtfltr%tIlJiil'\l11EIllIj.t;::nII-t 0 *Il~ -. =~*l\II fi~Jm1JjlM\[~Ib~1tIl\lJ"t;::~-to~15- - 0 =~*11fI jf~Jm1J.I1f!«r~I!liil'\l1tIl\1J.t;::~-tom~ -. =~*l\f! ~~1t!!.~i!fm1!f(m~m~~IT~~) ffi~1t!!.t;::.t o~iRQ)~~t;::"':)I,''(
~~1t!!m~i!f*~. ~~.I1f!.j'iiJJII~~ilfIjJ1t.~. ffi~Jm.t;::.t oj'iiJJllJ;I!JYj~'3 (PH'lfJlI) t;::"':)~,'(
1JT~Jm.~ $J41tflli!r. (lI1:JII TliIO trr~.I1f!.~~:tJ:l7i'.~. (It1:JIITlllO ffi~1t!!.lJii!f~~m.l1f!~1f*1'r.
trr~.I1f!.~1f.l7i'..15-. trr~Jmtl[1tT~1'tfll15-.7
~~Jm.~~B .I1f!.Q)~~~~~~m
trr~Jmft-~~±*~lflt~lJi~.~-6.16trr~h!!1J@t::..t 0 *j!'i'tl:OOffi~iIJ'¥J!t
trr~Jm'V: 8!lJm5~ 11
-xiv-
1fUto~ of4oef 1966
1964 1964
'IIJJrf.1!kef 1964 lflloJYj 0 f4 ott 0 ~ 1965
l'!'l~trrI1Hal: 1964 ;'tsll1Wi~tt~ 1964 ~tfjjllWi~ttef 1964 m-m~@lfltJiij 1965
1964 Jt °liH:.I1f!JI 1965 @o~±:I1!!J!I!. 1965 mofjq±:I1!!JI 1964 @ olJil:f:.I1f!J!!!. 1964 @oM-t:1t!!J!!!. 1966 @ofRI±JmJ!!!. 1966 moM±JmJ1l! 1967 ~Jf!J!l5t1iU
~tllt°@°trr°lll/ 1964 ~t~mi'K!'/iij 1964 ~t~H!ilItliU 1965 ~t~m 0 trri'lt 1964
1965
;miIKl1Tiilh 1964 flhh.illi 0 ~ 0 * 1964
• ~ 'Ii 1964 trr ~ PI': 1965 trr~o±*i!'J 1965 trr~*i4.:ill
,ffiJ,qA 0 @ 0 i!'J 1964
B-135 111 / rI~m7l<;n~~~Jt ffi in ~ B-I36 ffi~!I\l; ffi~.I1!!ml;:: J:: r., !Jj1,'Pt~11 / rI*,ffl 7l<jtt~'i1if_;)f;.V"I;::f!!ln~ ffii'!1~ "(::f;ij
B-137 ffi~m 6.16ffi~~.tm~I;:: J: r., rrr~m'l1t-:c~m 7l<iu ~~~i£ rrr if.~ ~ '!t HiJ
B-138 ffi~m ffi~.I1!!~,'..t ffi ~ m B-I39 WM~~~~Hft~qm IIf:!f039if·.tmm ~ 1!ftt ~-IJM·~·)tf·*
B-140 WM~'ffl\1illm ffi~.I1!!.(})~~ (Mlli\lm~,*"C.'c L-C) ~IJM ·1!n\1illTli B-141 HJ:m ffi~.I1!!~I;:: .t r., H 1:: m~'itfilJ!l1't~ ·N 1: m
B-142 H1:m 6.16ffi~.I1!!~~1f&lff{J!;IJ(})~l£Yli~l'f Jl[{f0391f. 7 JJ H J: m B-143 H1:m 6 .16ffi~.tmljU~1f'1J}!J; (H 1: m) H 1:: in B-I44 j§[Bm ffi~.tm~inrnm~'itf~~ if'i m m B-l45 B *'IIm-~ffi1i~liif.H~~ ffi~.I1!!!I~ *~~-lIBf0391f. 6 Jj 16 B 3e1'.- 't\t~~?J:~
B-146 *~t'll:t)#li~~fi:. ffi~.tm.~1fYli~. *~t'l\t1J1*
B-147 ~t~]iJtli1*~~f± 6.16ffi~.I1!!1j\!h;::.t 7.Jffi~1lt~mQ)~~c -tQ)(~ 1 Yli) ~ti*-JL Wi 1* B-148 ~t~J.LWi1*;;f;~li 6.16ffi~.tmml;::.t r.,ffi~~*,mQ)~1fc -tQ)(~ 2 m) ~ti*-h1!1i1*
B-149 ~tIltJiWi I J4j ffli ~~;ll;t.. (1*) ffi~1t~mQ)m~c -tQ)~IEI ~ti*-JL1!1i1*
B-1 Ji1t'll~1*~~li ffi~.I1!!.K.tr.,OF~-~~Q)~~c)tf. Ji1t1l't~1*
B-151 ?-flfdIl ~I ~~~lil'l11f *~t't\t1J1*~~tf:ffiJ,J*1J~1tm11fjJJ7l<'J!:f~ (1500 '" (/ ?-~m~1*
B-152 ?-l*m~I~;;f;~?t~1f ffi~.I1!!.I;:: J: r., 7l<in&lf;ll ;t.. 'J!:f~ Q) ~1f~1£ HJ1,J:l't L -C ?-~m~1*
B-153 E *.~K K~~ffU!i ~~.I1!! •• *J.t«H~~lMfH4 B*M'l'l'K B-I54 jIf *1it '1J}!J;~ ftr r:IHilU I ffi~.I1!!.'1J}!J;~ 1964. 6. 16 jIf * 1it B-155 ffi~.I1!!ft(})~~ §~cQ)~flQ)'IIh' tn~Fl~m:
B-I56 m.~BfTllt1li ~~.I1!!m ffl~~rurr
C-1 through C-77.
The Geo1goica1 Magazine of Kami-mizuchi-gun .•.... 295 ( Kami-mizuchi-gun 'Chishitsu Shi ) ( J:*~~~.. )
Earthquake Research Report of Wakayama-ken ..••... ( Wakayama-ken Jishin Chohsa Hohkoku ) ( ~W:W~'Ll!ll\UB~~i!!f )
Report on the Great Earthquake of Oct. 28, in the 24th Year of the Meiji Era (1891) •...•...• 295
( Meiji 24 Nen 10 Gatsu 28 Nichi Daishin Hohkoku )
( ~~u.w~.a*~~~
Proceedings of the 5th Pan-Pacific Scientific Congress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 296 Proceedings of the 3rd Pan-Pacific Scientific Congress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 296 Survey Report of the Great Kanto Earthquake in the 12th Year of the Taisho Era (1923) ............... 296
( Taisho 12 Nen Kanto Daijishin Shingai Chohsa Hohkoku )
( *.iE 12 ~ 00 51<!: 7;: :!tllllm ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i!!f ) Scientific Japan: Past and Present ....•.......... 296
-xv-
1964 1964 1966 1964 1965
1964 1964 1966 1965 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964 1966
Topographical Swirl, Ground Fissure and Earthquake297 (Chika, Chiretsu oyobi Jishin ) ( ill! i/ilJ. ill! ~ "& itl! ~ )
Geolgocial Features of the Kanto District ••.•.... 297 ( Kanto no Chishitsu ) ( OOJl(1)iIl!. )
Recent Advances in Seismology ..•.••.•.••..•.•.•. 297 ( Bankin no Jishingaku ) ( ~5li;(1)iIl!~~ )
New Interpretation of Geolgocial Phenomena •••..• 297 ( Chishitsu Gensho no Shin Kaishaku ) ( itl!.~~(1)wrMm )
Regional Geographical Features of Japan: Kanto District ..........•....................... 297
( Nihon Chuhbu Chishitsu Shi,Kanto Chiho) ( a *iIl!:ntt!!J!t~ Dltit!iIl!:n )
Geological Features of Central Shinano District. 297 ( Shinano Chuhbu Chishitsu Shi ) ( ffiil* lmitl!fttt )
Reports on Railway Disasters in the 13th and 14th Years of the Taisho Era ••.•..•..•••..•••... 298
( Taisho 13 Nendo, 14 Nendo Tetsudo Saigai Kiji )
(
Reports on Railway Disasters in the First and Second Years of the Showa Era •••...•..•••..•••.•• 298
( Showa Gannendo, 2 Nendo Tetsudo Saigai Kiji )
Great Earthquakes................................ 298 Report on the Kita-Izu Earthquake .....•......•..• 298
( Kita~Izu Jishin Hohkoku ) ( ~tf¥liill!mI~~ )
General Report on the Kawachi-Yamato Earthquake o f Feb. 21 , 19 36 ............................... o. 299
Showa 11 Nen 2 Gatsu 21 Nichi Kawachi-Yamato Kyohshin Gaiho )
( aiJ ;fIl 11 ~ 2 J'l 21 a ~iiJ I*! :k ;fIl ~ 91HU~ Investigation Report on the Strong Nagano Earthquake of:: July 15, 1941. •••••••••••..••••••..
( Showa 16 Nen 7 Gatsu 15 Nichi Nagano Kyohshin Gaiho )
( ~."~7Rua.~.~~~ •• R7gio~al Geographic Features of Japan: Shikoku D1str1ct ......................................... 299
( Nihon Chiho Chishitsu Shi, Shikoku Chiho ) ( a*iIl!:nitl!mU ~OO~:n )
Studies on Oceanography, Dedicated to Professor Hidaka in Commemoration of his Sixtieth Birthday. 299 Geophysical Papers Dedicated to Professor Kenzo Sassa...................................... 299
-xvi-
Lecture Notes on Disaster Prevention •............ 300 ( Bohsai Kohgi Shu ) ( Itti~~~~~ )
Report on the Chilean Tsunami of May 24, 1960 .... 300 ( Showa 35 Nen 5 Gatsu 24 Ka Chili Jishin
Tsunami Chohsa Hohkoku ) ( ~~H.5~HS~Y~m •• ~.~&
Disaster in Ohfunato by the Chilean Tsunami of 1960 ............................................. 300
( Chili Jishin Tsunami 1960 Ohfunato Saigai Shi )
~ I) ~ 9: • i!1l. 1960 * ~ i~ ~ ~ lot Notes on the Abnormal Weather •••.••...•....•.•••• 301 ,
( Ijo Kisho Shiryo ) ( :n 'td~'d§Hl :14 )
Report on the Abnormal T'Jeather in the 36th Year of the Showa Era (1961), No. 1. .......•............. 301
( Show 36 Nen Ijo Kisho Hohkoku Dai 1 Go ) ( a{:l ;tu 36 • ~ 'ffi' 5n fHIl & M 1 ~ )
Survey Report of the Earthquake-Induced Tsunami, No.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 301
( Jishin Tsunami Chohsa Hohkoku 1 ) ( tt!!m;t.lJll.~&l )
Prompt Report on the Earthquake-Induced Tsunami. 302 ( Jishin Tsunami Sokuho ) ( i't!!IL*i!1l.:ia!¥9 )
Survey Report of the Earthquake-Induced Tsunamis in the 39th Year of the Showa Era (1964), Sendai Meteorological Observatory ••••••••....•••.•..••• 302
( Sendai Kanku Kishohdai Showa 39 Nen Jishin Tsunami Chohsa Hohkoku Dai 1 Go )
( fillt;-"i1l2{~~t;-njg~Q39.!t!!~)l!ti!1l.~lUrH~· M 1 % Proceedings of the Second Symposium on the Disaster Science ................................ 302
Dai 2 Kai Saigai Kagaku Sohgo Koenkai Koen Rombunshu ) ( .2~~.N~.* .. ~~.~~m
1964 Report of the Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineeers ...........•. 302
( Doshitsu Kohgakkai Showa 39 Nendo Kenkyu Hohkokusho )
( ± • I ~ ~ all ;fU 39 • It 9Jf ~ ~ i!; m ' ) Report on the Niigata Earthquake .•..•.•........• 302
( Niigata Jishin Chohsa Hohkoku ) ( ~~!t!!m~~~~ )
Report on the Ground Movement Caused by the Niigata Earthquake of June 16, 1964 ..•.•.••..•. 303
( Showa 39 Nen 6 Gatsu 16 Nichi Niigata Jishin Jiban Hendo Chohsa Hohkoku )
1IB~391f. 6 ~ 16 S JJTi"'Vt!!.id!lnl~IhJ.lll • .a~
-xvii-
Prompt Report on the Earthquake-Induced Tsunamis in 1964, Sendai Meteorological Observatory, No.1 303
( Sendai Kanku Kishohdai Showa 39 Nen Jishin Tsunami Sokuho Dai 1 Go )
( {11J~1fl&5t'i~~fIll;fll39~it!l!ll~;ltii¥a ~ 1-1} ) Survey Report of the Earthquake-Induced Tsunamis in the 39th Year of the Showa Era (1964), Sendai Meteorological Observatory, No.2 •...........••. 303
( Sendai Kanku Kishohdai Showa 39 Nen Jishin Tsunami Chohsa Hohkoku, Dai 2 Go )
( Survey Report on the Abnormal Weather
)
in ~964, No .. 3 .............................. , .... 303 ( Showa 39 Nen Ijo Gensho Chohsa Hohkoku,
Dai 3 Go ) 1IlJ~ 39~1t ~ J.Il f( IIJl ~ ~~M 3-1}
Guidelines for-Educations in Disaster Prevention 304 ( Bunkyo Kankei Bohsai no Tebiki Showa 40 ) ( >c tx OO~ IlJj '-!. (7) 'f- 'U ~ fill ;fIl 40 )
Study on the Fire Disaster Caused by the Niigata Earthquake: Emergency Countermeasures against Fire ........................... e .......................................................... 304
( Niigata Jishin Kasai ni Kansuru Kenkyu ) ( ~.it!lm*'-!.~oo~~~~ )
Proceedings of the Fall Meeting of the Japan Society of Fire Science, 1964 ••...•..••••.••.•.. 304
( Nihon Kasai Gakkai Showa 39 Nendo Shuhki Gakujutsu Koenkai Gaiyohshu )
B **'-!.~$1IlJ~39~gn***~~;1l~lI!nf~
Annual Report of the Research Institute of the Shimizu Constuction Co., Ltd .••...••....•...••.•. 305
( Shimizu Kensetsu Kenkyujo Nenkan Kenkyu Hohkokusho )
( .*m~mR~~~m~¥a5~ ) Prompt Report on the Earthquake .•....•.•...•..... 305
( Jishin Sokuho ) ( it!l1.1lli!¥a )
Reports on the Abnormal Weather in 1965, No.2 ••• 305 ( Showa 40 Nen Ijo Gensho Chohsa Hohkoku Dai
2 Go ) (
Reports on ( Showa (
D-l through D-4
fill ;fIl 40 ~ It ~ J.Il ~ ~ II _fa 5 ~ 2 -I} )
the Abnormal Weather in 1966 ....•...•• 41 Nen Ijo Gensho Chohsa Hohkoku )
H~ ill 41 ~ ~ ~ m ~ iJlIll .a is )
305
Films.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... 306 Aerial Photographs .....•.......................... 306
Others (under Investigation) ..•••..••...•.••.••.....••• 307
-xviii-
Translator's Note
Only the first author's name is listed in case of coauthorship.
A check was made on as many original papers as possible to see if we could find the English version of the titles which were used by the original author(s}. Such English titles are used for those references preceded by an asterisk.
made: For the sake of uniformity, slight modifications were
(i) the dates are given by month and day instead of for example, the 25th of April. (ii) local governing bodies such as prefectures, cities, towns or villages are expressed using Japanese names: -ken or -fu, -shi, -machi, or mura, respectively. (iii) the dates of occurrence of the earthquakes are omitted in the English version since they can easily be found in Table 1. However, when the same name applies to more than one earthquake, the dates (years only) are listed for all but the most recent. (iv) All Japanese proper nouns are Romanized using the Hepburn system.
-1-
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS TRANSLATION*
C. M. o.
Dept. of Geol. & Min. Dis. Relief. Dist. Met. Observ.
Dist. Port Const. Bur.
Ele. Pow. Tech. Research Inst. G. S. I.
Hokkaido Devel. Bureau
I. E. I. C. I. G. S. J. Invest. Com. Japan Soc. of C. Eng. J. N. R. Land Survey Department Mari. Safety Agencies Met. Agency Min. of A. & F. Min. of Transp. M. o. c. M. O. I. T. I. Ports and Harb. Bur. Publ. util. Dept. Rail. Mang. Bur. Reg. Bur. of Int. Trade. & Ind.
Reg. Constr. Bur. Region. Mari. Safety HeadHeadqtr. Tokyo Metro. Univ.
Central Meteorological Observatory, Ministry of transport Department of Geology and Mineralogy Disaster Relief District Meteorological Observatory, Ministry of Transport District Port Construction Bureau, Ministry of Transport Electric Power Technical Research Institute
Geographical Survey Institute, Ministry of Construction Hokkaido Development Bureau, Prime Minister's Office Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee Imperial Geological Survey of Japan Investigation Committee Japan Society of Civil Engineers aapanese National Railways Land Survey Department, Imperial Japanese Military Maritime Safety Agencies, Ministry of Transport Meteorological Agency, Ministry of Transport Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Ministry of Transport Ministry of Construction Ministry of International Trade and Industry Ports and Harbors Bureau, Ministry of Transport Public utilities Department Railway Management Bureau Regional Bureau of International Trade and Industry, Ministry of International Trade and Industry Regional Construction Bureau, Ministry of Construction Regional ~aritime Safety Headquater, Ministry of Transport Tokyo Metropolitan University
*Easily understandable abbreviations are excluded in this list.
-2-
SYNOPSIS * A bibliography of field studies on major earthquakes
in Japan was prepared. This includes papers concerning
the field inspection, seismometrical studies, studies of
related phenomena and investigations on damages which
were published prior to the end of 1965. The list
consists of the following items:
(1) reference number
(2) author's name
(3) title of the paper
(4) name, volume, year and page of the Bulletin in
which the paper was published or the name of
the publishers.
(5) name and year of the earthquake studied
(6) the main topic of the paper
Date, name, latitude, longitude, focal depth, magnitude,
and reference number of the earthqukaes are arranged in
another table. Papers are classified by the year of the
earthquake and by the main topic in the form of a table.
*This English version of the Synopsis has been provided by the Authors.
-3-
INTRODUCTION AND BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE CLASSIFIC~TION
Immediately after an earthquake, we usually investigate
its general characteristics, including the nature of the tsunami
it causes, and the extent of damage it produces, etc. and
at the same time make 6bservations on aftershocks, crustal
movement, earth current and earth magnetism. In undertaking
such investigations and observations, published results of
similar studies on past earthquakes are quite helpful. Un
fortunately, no adequate literature survey has been made for
such purposes and because of this, there has been practically
no way in which pertinent papers and books can be found
wi.thout delay. The only exceptions are those fortunate
cases in which the knowledge of interested individuals
leads us to a few pertinent papers. In order to eliminate
this inconvenience, we have prepared a "Bibliography of
Field Studies of Major Earthquakes in Japan" at the request
of the Earthquake Research Institute.
We surveyed a wide variety of literature published
prior to 1966 dealing with earthquake phenomena in and around
Japan. However, since it is difficult to obtain very old
papers and books, and virtually impossible to look at all
conceivable sources, our collection comes mainly from the
literature currently available at the Earthquake Research
Institute. The recent proliferation of related journals
has added further difficulties in collecting every published
work dealing with earthquakes. Obviously, by the very nature
of the task, it would take an excessively long time if
-4-
perfection is demanded. For these reasons we have decided to
publish the literature list that has been collected so far.
From now on, new material the library recieves will be
added to this collection. We: hope that the users' help will
continually improve this bibliography. We are also planning
to collect, in the Library, reprints of the papers assembled
in the current edition for general use with a card file for
the users' convenience.
The papers were collected by the Library and classified
by the Earthquake Forecasting and Observation Center,
(formerly, the Cooperative Organization). Our bibliography
is arranged in the following order. First are the journals,
then the special editions, and lastly the separate volumes.
The bibliography consists of a reference number, the author's
name, the title of the paper, the date of publication,
the name of the earthquake concerned, its classification and
explanatory notes. In each category, we would like the
reader to note the following:
Number: Reference Number Both classifying numbers and serial numbers are used so that new references can be added.
Author(s): The names included in miscellaneous papers are excluded. In the case of coauthorship, only the first author is cited.
Title: Title of the Paper In some.~ases, the title is abbreviated.
Date: Year of Publication Dates are given using the Christian calendar.
Earthquake: Name of Earthquake Gives the name and the date (year only) of the
earthquake which was considered in the paper or which motivated the author(s) to initiate his research.
-s-
Table 1 gives the date of occurrence, the longitude, the latitude, the focal depth, the magnitude and the earthquake number ( as designated by the Scientific Yearbook of Japan, 1968 Edition) of any earthquake in this bibliography. This table is compiled by consulting "Major Damage-Producing Earthquakes in and Around Japan" (Usami, 1966). The "Monthly Journal of the Earthquake" of the Meteorological Agency is used as a supplement.
A swarm of earthquakes is represented by the one of maximum intensity. When several earthquakes are dealt with in a paper, the most important one is listed, and the others are named in the notes. When it is not clear which one is stressed, no name is listed. Small earthquakes are not named if such naming could possibly cause confusion. The official earthquake names given by the Meteorological Agency are used here. If an earthquake does not have an official name, its common name is used. Earthquakes without offical er common names are named for their hypocenter or for the era in which they occurred (e.g. Ansei,Hoei, Genroku ).
Classification: The classification is based on subject matters discussed in the paper. If the paper deals with more than one subject, it is classified according to the main subject with others being referred to in the Notes. When it is difficult to single out the main subject, subjective judgement is used for classification. The original paper is consulted unless the title clearly suggests the subject. The classification is as follows:
I)
II)
General Characteristics ( Gen: including general statements, history, those papers dealing with more than one subject, and those which cannot easily be distinguished from the Survey Report.)
Survey Report (Srvy. Rep.)
Experimental Measurement (Exp. Meas.: including estimation of hypocenter, magnitude, travel-time curve, and time history of a strong earthquake, etc.) Aftershocks, Cause (includ-ing the distribution of initial microtremors, weather and other factors.) Lightning, Sound, Earthquake Acti vi ty including swarms of earthquakes (Fqke. Act.), Small Earthquake (Sm. Fqke.), Ocean Earthquake (Ocean Eq.k..e.), CU1.lIDunications Report Collection (C.R. Col.f, Earthquake Signs (Eqke. Sgns.), Wave Motion (Wave Mtn.)
-6-
III) Levelling and Triangulation (Lev. & Tri.: results) Tilt, Expansion and contraction (Exp. & Con.), Subsidence and Upheaval (Sub. & Uph.) , Fault, Mountain Landslide (Mt. Ldsde.: including the crumbling of a mountainside) , Landslide (other than that of a mountain), Ground Deformation (Grnd. Def.: including fissure, drifting sand and quicksand), Crustal Movement (Crst. Mvrnt.: including block movement and those not included in the above categories. Tidal Change (Tidal Chge.: including tidal observations), Ground Water (Grnd. Wtr.: including hot springs.), Volcanic Activity (volc. Act.), Gravity.
IV)Geology (including geographical features.) Ground (including microtremors and those
V)
hardly distinguished from geology)
Damage (including general damage and survey reports of damage), Fire, Building Damage (Buil. Dam.), Damage to Public Structures (Publ.Dam.), Building Vibration (Buil. Vib.), Aseismic Design (Aseis. Des.), Disaster Prevention (Dis. Prev.)
Tsunami (including forecasting of Tsunami), Damage caused by Tsunami (Tsu. Dam.), Seiche, Tsunami Report (Tsu. Rep.: Survey report of tsunamis) .
Electric Current and Magnetism (Cur. & Mag.),
Statistics (describing the relationship among earthquake, atmospheric pressure, and weather.)
Others (including debates, round-table discussions, photographs, motion pictures, collected data, estimations of seismic intensity, and acceleration inferred from investigations of tombstone displacements).
Table 2 lists the number of items collected in each class. I, II, III, IV, V in the Table refer to the classification as outlined above. This table indicates how the trend'in research has changed in time.
-7-
REFERENCES
1. ) Tokyo Astronomical Observatory, Sc.i.e.nti6ic. Ye.aJ1.book on Japan (1966 Ed"i;U.on), Maruzen: Tokyo.
2.) T. Usami, Major Damage Producing Earthquakes in and
around Japan, Bulletin 06 the Ea~thQuake. Re~e.a~c.h
rn~titu.te, Vol. 44,1966. pp. 1571 - 1622.
3.) Meteorological Agency, Monthly Jou4nal 06 .the.
Ea4thquake, published monthly by the Meteorological
Agency.
-8-
Table 1. Earthquakes Investigated in This Bibliography.
No. Date Earthquake Longi- Lati- Depth M Eqke. Notes tude tude No.
(km) 1 679 Tsukushi 130.4E 32.7N 6.7 14
2 684 Hakuho 134.0 32.5 8.4 15
3 701 Tango 135.4 35.6 7.0 16
4 830 Dewa 140.1 39.8 7.4 31
5 850 Shohnai 140.0 39.1 7.0 34
6 857 Ten-an 140.6 40.3 7.0 36
7 1498 Tohkaido 138.2 34.1 8.6 130
8 1596 Bungo 131. 7 33.3 6.9 165
9 1605 Tohnankai 140.4 34.3 7.9 172 134.9 33.0
10 1611 Sanriku 143.8 38.2 8.1 174
11 1662 Hy.uga-nada 132.0 31. 7 7.6 208
12 1677 Enpo 141.5 36.6 7.4 231
13 1694 Noshiro 140.2 40.2 7.0 244
14 1703 Genroku 139.8 34.7 8.2 251
15 1704 Hoei 140.0 40.4 6.9 252
16 1707 Hoei 135.9 33.2 8.4 254
17 1710 Inaba-Hohki- 133.8 35.5 6.6 257 Mimasaka
18 1714 Ohmachi 137.8 36.7 6.4 260
19 1763 Hachinohe 142.0 40.7 7.4 295
20 1766 Tsugaru 140.6 40.8 6.9 297
21 1771 Meiwa 124.3 24.0 '1.4 303
22 1792 Shimabara 130.3 32.8 6.4 313
-9-
No. Date Earthquake Longi- Lati- Depth M Eqke. Notes tude tude NO.
(km)
23 1793 Ajikazawa 140.0E 40.7N 6.9 316
24 1804 Kisakata 140.0 39.0 7.1 322
25 1810 Oga 139.9 39.9 6.6 324
26 1819 Ohmi-Ise 1-36.3 35.2 7.4 331
27 1833 Mino 136.6 35.5 6.4 341
28 1847 Zenkohji 138.2 36.7 7.4 353
29 1854 Ansei 136.2 34.8 6.9 360
30 1854 Ansei 137.8 34.1 8.4 363
31 1854 Ansei 135.6 33.2 8.4 364
32 1855 Edo 139.8 35.8 6.9 361
33 1858 Hida 137.2 36.1 6.9 367
34 1872 Hamada 132.0 34.8 7.1 387
35 1880 Yokohama 5.9 387
36 1882 Kohchi
37 1882 Atami
38 1887 Yokohama 6.3
39 1888 utsunomiya 140.0 36.4 5.9
40 1889 Kawasaki 139.7 35.4 5.9
41 1889 Kumamoto . 130.7 32.8 6.3 391
42 1889 Ohsumi
43 1890 .Saikawa 138.2 32.8 6.3
44 1890 Miakejima 139.3 34.3 6.2 392
45 1890 Kinugawa 139.5 36.2 6.2
46 1891 Nohbi 136.6 35.6 8.4 393
-10-
No. Date Earthquake Longi- Lati- Depth M Eqke. Notes tude tude No.
(km)
47 1892 Shimohsa 140.5E 35.9N 6.7
48 1892 Gifu 136.5 36.0 6.6
49 1893 Chinan 130.5 31.4 6.4 397
50 1894 Nohbi 137.0 35.0 7.4
51 1894 Kushiro-oki 146.3 42.4 7.9 399
52 1894 Tokyo 139.9 35.7 7.5 400
53 1894 Shohnai 139.5 39.2 7.3 401
54 1895 Tonegawa 140.4 35.9 7.3 402
55 1895 Setouchi 133.0 34.0 6.7
56 1896 Sanriku 144.2 39.6 7.6 404
57 1896 Riku-U 140.7 39.5 7.5 405
58 1897 Kamitakai 138.2 36.6 6.3 406
59 1897 Rikuzen-oki 141.5 38.1 7.8 407
60 1897 Sanriku 143.7 38.0 7.7 408
61 1897 Rikuchu 141.5 39.6 6.9
62 1898 Rikuchu 143.6 39.5 7.8 409
63 1898 Fukuoka 130.2 33.5 6.5 411
64 1899 Kii-Yamato 136.0 34.2 7.6 413
65 1900 Rikuzen 141.0 39.0 7.3 413
66 1900 Miakejima 139.5 34.0 6.8 416
67 1901 Hachniohe 141.8 40.3 7.7 418
68 1905 Gei-Yo 132.3 34.2 7.6 422
69 1905 Ohshima 139.2 34.8 7.0 423
-11-
NO. Date Earthquake Lonqi- Lati- Depth M Eqke. I Notes tude tude NO.
(km)
70 1906 Tokyo-wan 139.8E 35.5N 7.7
71 1909 Ko-No 136.3 35.4 6.9 428
72 1909 Okinawa 429
73 1909 Hyuga-nada 133.1 32.1 7.9 430
74 1910 Uzu 140.8 42.5 6.5 431
75 1911 Kikaigashima 130.0 28.0 8.2 433
76 1911 Tokyo-wan 140.0 35.0 7.0
77 1912 Ueda 138.4 36.3 5.7
78 1913 Kagoshima 130.5 31.6 6.4 434
79 1914 Sakurajima 130.7 31.6 6.1 435
80 1914 Ugosen 140.4 39.5 6.4 436
81 1914 Izumo 133.4 35.3 6.3
82 1914 Takada 138.2 37.0 6.1
83 1915 Ishinomaki-oki 143.2 38.8 7.5 438
84 1915 Kazusa 141.4 35.2 6.7 10:38 Oct. 16
85 1916 Asama-yama 138.4 36.4 6.0 439 A= 140.8 E \jJ= 34.3 N
86 1916 Akashi 135.0 34.6 6.3 441 M:= 6.7
87 1917 Shizuoka 138.1 35.2 6.3 443
88 1918 Iturup-to-oki 151.8 45.7 7.9 444
89 1918 Iturup-to-oki 148.9 44.1 7.8 445
90 1918 Ohmachi 137.8 36.5 6.1 446
91 1919 Miyoshi 132,9 34.8 5.9
92 1921 Ryugasaki 140.1 35.8 7.1 448
93 1922 Uraga-kai 139.7 35.2 6.9 449
-12-
No. Date Earthquake Longi- Lati- Depth M Eqke. Notes tude tude No.
(km)
94 1922 Shimabara 130.1E 32.7N 6.5 451 130.1 32.8 5.9
95 1923 Suikaido 140.0 36.0 6.3 452
96 1923 Tanegashima 131.1 30.6 6.5
97 1923 Kanto 139.3 35.2 7.9 453
98 1924 Tanzawa 139.2 35.5 7.2 454
99 1924 Kii 135.5 34.0 6.4
100 1925 Tsugaru-oki
101 1925 Tajima 134.8 35.7 7.0 455
102 1925 Gifu-Kita 136.9 35.3 6.1
103 1926 Erimo-misaki 142.2 41. 7 100
104 1926 Kushiro
105 1926 Haneda 139.8 35.4 6.2
106 1926 Obihiro-oki 143.7 42.0 40 6.8
107 1927 Tango 135.1 35.6 10 7.5 456
108 1927 Tango 135.0 35.7 20 6.9
109 1927 Miyagi-oki 142.0 38.0 20 6.9
110 1927 Sekihara 138.8 37.5 0,10 5.3 458
111 1928 Han-no 139.7 36.0 50,60 5.2
112 1928 Heijima-Nishi ' 128.8 31. 7 40 6.4
113 1923 Chiba 140.3 35.6 60 5.8
114 1929 Aso
115 1929 Tosshunbe Uzu-gun, Hokkaido
116 1929 Asshabe Hiyama-gun Hokkaido
-13-
NO. Date Earthquake Longi- Lati- Depth M Eqke. Notes tude tude No.
(km)
117 1929 Suzaka
118 1929 Hyuga-nada 132.2E 31. 7N 30 6.8
119 1929 Nara-Minami 135.75 34.0 20 5.4
120 1929 Sagami 139.1 35.5 20 6.1
121 1929 Fukuoka-Nishi 130.3 33.5 0 4.7
122 1929 Aritagawa 135.2 24.2 10 5.6 459
123 1930 Ito Earthquake Swarm
124 1930 Kaga-Minami 136.3 36.3 20 6.4
125 1930 Izu 139.0 35.1 o 5 7.0 460
126 1930 Hiroshima-Kita 132.9 35.0 20 6.0
127 1931 Tazawa-ko 140.6 39.8 130
128 1931 Uraga-oki 142.6 42.3 40 6.8
129 1931 Nihon-kai 135.7 44.5 350
130 1931 Aomori-oki 142.5 41.2 0 7.6
131 1931 Toshigawa l38.9 35.5 35 6.5
132 1931 Nishi-Saitama 139.2 36.1 10,20 7.0 462
133 1931 Hyuga-nada 132.1 32.2 20 6.6
134 1931 Oguni 141. 7 39.5 0,10 6.1
135 1933 Sanriku 144.7 39.1 1,20 8.3 463
136 1933 Kiisuido 135.1 34.0 20 5.1
137 1933 Okunakayama Earthquake Swarm, North Iwate
138 1933 No to 137.0 37.1 15 6.0
139 1933 Tohkamachi 138.87 37.28 30 6·.1
-14-
No. Date Earthquake Longi- Lati- Depth M Eqke. Notes tude tude No.
(km) 140 1934 Minami-Izu 138.9E 34.8N 0,10 5.5
141 1934 Gifu-Yawata 137.0 35.7 0,10 6.2
142 1935 Taiwan 120.6 24.3 464
143 1935 Shizuoka 138.4 35.0 10 6.3 465
144 1936 Kawachi-Yamato 135.7 34.5 20 6.4 466
145 1936 Kinkazan-oki 142.2 38.2 50,60 7.7
146 1936 Osarizawa Swarm
147 1936 Niijima 139.2 34.5 0,20 6.3 467
148 1938 Tanabe-wan 135.2 33.7 20 6.7 469
149 1938 Iwaki-oki 141.4 36.7 10 7.1 470
150 1938 Kusshara 144.3 43.6 20 6.0 471
151 1938 Ohshima Swarm
152 1938 Shioya-oki 141. 7 37.1 20 7.7 472
153 1939 Oga 139.8 40.0 0 7.0 474
154 1939 Naruko-Onikubi Swarm
155 1939 Shikotan 147.2 43.1 80,100
156 1940 Shakotan-oki 139.5 44.1 .0,20 7.0 475
157 1941 Nagano 138.3 36.7 5,20 6.2 476
158 1941 Hyuga-nada 132.1 32.6 0,20 7.4 477
159 1941 Taiwan 120.6 23.4 7.2 478
160 1943 Tottori 134.2 35.6 20 6.1 479 480
161 1943 Tajima 139.8 37.3 15 6.1 481
162 1943 Tottori 134.2 35.5 10 7.4 482
-15-
No. Date Earthquake Longi- Lati- Depth M Eqke. Notes tude tude No.
(km)
163 1943 Koma 138.2E 36.8N 0 6.1 483
164 1943 Uzu Earthquake
1945 following volcanic activity
165 1944 Tohnankai 136.2 33.7 0,30 8.0 485
166 1945 Mikawa 137.0 34.7 0 7.1 486
167 1945 Hachniohe-oki 142.1 40.9 ~O ·7.3
168 1946 Nankai 135.6 33.0 30 8.1 487
169 1947 Niigata-Nishi 138.1 37.1 0 5.7
170 1947 Ishigakijima 124.0 24.0
171 1948 Fukui 136.2 36.1 20 7.3 488
172 1949 Akinoumi 132.5 34.0 40 6.2
173 1949 Imaichi 139.7 36.7 V.S. 6.4 489 V.S. 6.7
174 1950 Kumanogawa 135'.8 33.8 40 6.7
175 1951 Shimabara 130.2 32.8 0,10 5.4
176 1952 Tokachi-oki 143.9 42.2 45 8.1 490
177 1952 Daishohji 136.2 36.5 20 6.8 491
178 1952 Yoshino 135.8 34.5 20 7.0 492
179 1952 Kamchatka 162.0 52.0 5
180 1953 Bohso-oki 141.8 34.3 40,60 7.5 493
181 1955 . Tottori-Nishi 133.4 35.2 20 ca 5.1
182 1955 Tokushima- 134.3 33.8 0,10 6.0 494 Minami
183 1955 Futatsui 140.2 40.3 0,10 5.7 495
184 1956 Izu 138.8 33,8 40,60 6~5
185 1956 Shiroishi 140.6 38.0 20 ca 6.1 498
-16-
No. Date Earthquake Longi- Lati- Depth M Eqke. 'Notes tude tude No.
(km) 186 1957 Niijima 139.4E 34.3N 0 6.3
187 1958 Ishigakijima 124.5 24.75 80
188 1958 Iturup 148.5 44.3 80 8.0 500
189 1959 Teshikaga 144.4 43.4 20 6.2 144.4 43.5 0 6.1
190 1960 Sanriku 143.5 39.8 20 7.5 502
191 1960 Chilean 73.5W 38.0S 8.5
192 1961 Nagaoka 138.8E 37.5N 20 5.2 503
193 1961 Hyuga-nada 131.9 31.6 40 7.0 504
194 1961 Yoshimatsu 130.7 32.0 00 5.5
195 1961 Kushiro-oki 145.6 42.9 80
196 1961 Kita-Mino 136.8 36.0 00 7.0 505
197 1962 Hiroo-oki 143.9 42.2 60 7.0
198 1962 Miyagi-Kita 141.1 38.7 00 6.5 506
199 1963 Yohrohgyu 145.0 43.6 40 5.3
200 1963 Echizenmisaki- 135.8 35.8 00 6.9 508 oki
201 1963 Iturup 150.0 43.8 20 8.1 509
202 1964 Rausu 145.2 44.0 0 4.6
203 1964 Alaska 147.6W 61.1 20 8.5
204 1964 Oga-oki 139. DE 40.3 00 6.9 510
205 1964 Niigata 139.2 38.4 40 7.5 511
206 1964 Nemuro-oki 146.5 43.0 80
207 1964 Niijima 139.3 34.7 0 5.5 Swa:rm
208 1965 Aleutian 178.6 51.3 40 7.5
209 1965 Shizuoka 138.3 34.9 20 6.1 512
210 1965N Matsushiro Swarm
_1"7_
I I-'
00
I
Peri
od
67
9-1
87
1
18
72
-19
23
(B
efo
re t
he
Kan
to E
qk
e.)
1923
(A
fter
the
Kan
to E
qk
e.)
-19
45
19
46
-19
65
To
tal
Tab
le
2.
To
tal
Num
ber
of
Art
icle
s C
lass
ifie
d b
y P
eri
od
an
d S
ub
ject.
(N
um
eral
s in
pare
nth
ese
s g
ive p
erc
en
tag
es
for
the t
ota
l cla
ssif
ied
by
peri
od
s.)
Su
bje
ct
Fre
qu
ency
I
II
III
IV
of
Eq
kes
.
%
%
%
%
34
75 (
48)
3 (2
) 48
(30
) 3
0(1
9)
62
18
1 (4
2)
66
(15)
5
5(1
3)
99
(23
)
71
202
(19)
26
4 (2
5)
264
(25)
2
64
(25
)
43
132
(12)
15
4 (1
4)
19
6(1
7)
579
(51)
210
590
(21)
48
7 (1
8)
563
(20)
9
72
(35
)
V
To
tal
I , j I %
'-%
2(1
) 15
8 (1
00)
29 (
7)
430
(100
)
64 (
6)
10
58
(10
0)
66
(6)
1127
(10
0)
16
1(6
) 27
73 (
100)
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FIELD STUDIES ON MAJOR
EARTHQUAKES IN JAPAN
-19-
I N o I
No.
* 1
-1
* 1-2
1-3
* 1-4
1-5
* 1-6
*1
-7
1-8
*1
-9
*1
-10
1.
BU
LLET
IN O
F TH
E EA
RTH
QU
AK
E RE
SEA
RCH
IN
STIT
UT
E
Au
tho
r
H.
Ohm
ura
Hy
dro
gra
ph
ic
Dep
artm
ent,
M
inis
try
of
the N
avy
T.
Tan
igu
chi
The
E
arth
qu
ake
Res
earc
h I
nst.
H.
Tsu
ya
N.
Yam
asak
i
A.
Imam
ura
M.
Ish
imo
to
H.
Ohm
ura
H.
Ohm
ura
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
The
Cha
nge
of
Ele
vati
on
of
Lan
d C
ause
d
1926
K
anto
b
y t
he G
reat
Ear
htq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
.
Hy
dro
gra
ph
ic S
urv
ey o
f th
e S
ea F
acin
g
the
Pro
vin
ces
of
Taj
ima
and
Tan
go
, D
istu
rbed
by
a
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake.
1927
T
ajim
a
Dam
ages
to
Bu
ild
ing
s in
th
e P
rov
ince
19
27
Tan
go
of
Tan
go d
ue
to a
D
est
ructi
ve E
arth
qu
ake.
Fir
st
Rep
ort
on
th
e P
recis
e L
ev
ell
ing
acro
ss th
e P
rov
ince
of
Tan
go
. 19
27
Tan
go
pre
lim
inary
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
eo
log
ical
1928
T
ango
S
tru
ctu
re o
f th
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e R
egio
n.
The
Oku
-Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
27
. 19
28
Tan
go
On
the D
est
ructi
ve T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
28
Tan
go
of
Mar
ch
7,
19
27
.
Til
t v
ari
ati
on
of
the E
art
h's
Su
rface,
1928
T
ango
O
bse
rved
at
Miy
azu
-mac
hi
and
Kaw
abe-
mur
a F
oll
ow
ing
th
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Ho
rizo
nta
l D
isp
lace
men
ts o
f L~e
pri
mar
y 1
928
Tan
go
and
Sec
on
dar
y T
rian
gu
lati
on
Po
ints
, O
b-se
rved
aft
er
the E
arth
qu
ake
of
Mar
ch
7,
19
27
, in
Tan
go D
istr
icts
.
Co
mp
aris
ion
of
the R
esu
lts
of
the F
irst
1928
T
ango
an
d S
eco
nd
Pre
cis
e L
evel
ing
s in
th
e
Re-
gio
n D
istu
rbed
by
th
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Su
b.
& U
ph.
Tid
al
Ch
ge.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vrnt
.
Geo
log
y
Gen
.
Gen
.
Til
t
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Pap
ers
by
N
. Y
amas
aki
ers
t.
Mvr
nt.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
*1
-11
S
. Y
onem
ura
The
R
epo
rt o
f th
e R
esu
lts
of
So
un
din
gs
19
28
T
ajim
a T
idal
Ch
ge.
in
th
e R
egio
n o
ff t
he
Co
ast
of
the T
an-
go
Pro
vin
ce,
aft
er
the E
art
hq
uak
es
of
19
27
.
*1
-12
H
. O
hmur
a p
rov
iso
ry M
ap
Sho
win
g th
e H
ori
zo
nta
l 1
92
8
Kan
to
Lev
. &
Tri
. D
isp
lace
men
ts o
f th
e
pri
mar
y T
rian
gu
la-
tio
n P
oin
ts in
Kan
to D
istr
icts
, o
bse
rved
aft
er
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
es o
f S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
.
I *
1-1
3
T.
Mat
uzaw
a O
bse
rvati
on
of
Som
e R
ecen
t E
arth
qu
akes
1
92
8
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Kan
to
N
f-'
and
th
eir
Tim
e-D
ista
nce
C
urv
es
(Part
1)
. I
*1
-14
T
. M
atuz
awa
Rep
ort
of
Insp
ecti
on
of
the S
tro
ng
1
92
8
Sek
ihara
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Taj
ima
Ech
igo
Eart
hq
uak
e,
Oct
. 2
7,
19
27
. T
ang
o
1-1
5
A.
Imam
ura
On
the H
ori
zo
nta
l S
hif
t o
f th
e D
islo
c-
19
28
K
anto
F
au
lt
Tan
go
ati
on
Fo
llo
win
g t
he R
ecen
t D
est
ructi
ve
Tan
go
Sek
ihara
E
arth
qu
akes
in
th
e K
anto
D
istr
ict
and
in
th
e T
ango
P
rov
ince.
* 1
-16
F
. T
ada
Ph
ysi
og
rap
hic
His
tory
of
the
Oku
-Tan
go
19
28
T
ango
G
eolo
gy
P
en
insu
la.
* 1
-17
H
. O
hmur
a C
om
par
isio
n o
f th
e
Resu
lts
of
the S
ec-
19
28
T
ango
L
ev.
& T
ri.
on
d a
nd
Th
ird
Pre
cis
e L
ev
eli
ng
s in
th
e
Reg
ion
D
istu
rbed
by
th
e T
ango
Eart
hq
uak
e.
* 1
-18
C
. T
sub
oi.
A
n In
terp
reta
tio
n o
f th
e R
esu
lts
of
the
19
29
T
ango
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Lev
. &
Rep
eate
d P
recis
e L
ev
eli
ng
s in
th
e T
ango
T
ri.
Dis
tric
t aft
er
the
Tan
go
Ear
thq
uak
e in
1
92
7.
1 I\J
I\J
1
No.
* 1
-19
* 1
-20
* 1
-21
* 1
-22
* 1
-23
* 1
-24
* 1
-25
* 1
-26
* 1
-27
* 1
-28
Au
tho
r
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
T.
Mat
uzaw
a
R.
Tak
ahas
i
N.
Nas
u
N.
Nas
u
H.
Ohm
ura
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
T.
Ter
ada
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
E.
Ish
ii
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
On
the M
echa
nism
of
the S
agam
i-B
ay G
reat
1929
K
anto
E
arth
qu
ake
on
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
.
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f So
me
Rec
ent
Ear
thq
uak
es
and
th
eir
Tim
e-D
ista
nce
Cu
rves
. 19
29
A G
rap
hic
al
Det
erm
inat
ion
of
the p
osi
tio
n 1
929
Tan
go
of
the H
yp
oce
nte
r o
f an
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d
the V
elo
cit
y o
f th
e P
rop
agat
ion
of
the
Sei
smic
Wav
es.
On
the A
fter
sho
cks
of
the T
ango
Eart
h-
1929
T
ango
q
uak
e.
Fu
rth
er
Stu
dy
of
the A
fter
sho
cks
of
the
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake.
Ho
rizo
nta
l D
isp
lace
men
ts o
f th
e p
rim
ary
an
d S
eco
nd
ary
Tri
an
gu
lati
on
Po
ints
, O
bse
rved
aft
er
the E
arth
qu
ake
of
Mar
ch
7,
19
27
, in
th
e
Tan
go D
istr
icts
(P
art
2).
1929
T
ango
1929
T
ango
Rev
isio
n o
f th
e p
rim
ary
Tri
go
nem
etri
ca1
19
29
Tan
go
Su
rvey
in
th
e T
ango
Dis
tric
t.
Def
orm
atio
n o
f th
e E
art
h's
Cru
st i
n t
he
1929
T
ango
K
ansa
i D
istr
icts
an
d i
ts R
ela
tio
n t
o th
e
oro
gra
ph
ic F
eatu
res.
Rev
isio
n o
f th
e S
eco
nd
ary
Tri
go
no
met
rica
1
1929
T
ango
S
urv
ey i
n t
he T
ango
Dis
tric
t.
Co
mp
aris
ion
of
the
Resu
lts
of
the T
hir
d
1929
T
ango
an
d F
ou
rth
Pre
cis
e L
eve1
ing
s in
th
e
Reg
ion
D
istu
rbed
by
th
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Cau
se
Exp
. M
eas.
E
rim
o-m
isak
i,
Han
eda,
Tan
go
, K
ush
iro
, S
ek
ihara
E
Xp.
M
eas.
Aft
ersh
ock
Aft
ersh
ock
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
I N
W I
No
.
* 1
-29
1-3
0
* 1
-31
* 1
-32
* 1
-33
* 1
-34
1-3
5
* 1
-36
* 1
-37
* 1
-38
Au
tho
r
C.
Tsu
bo
i
M.
Ish
imo
to
C.
Tsu
bo
i
Lan
d S
urv
ey
D
ep
art
men
t
C.
Tsu
bo
i
H.
Tsu
ya
M.
Ish
imo
to
A.
Imam
ura
Lan
d S
urv
ey
D
ep
art
men
t
Lan
d S
urv
ey
D
ep
art
men
t
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Inv
esti
gati
on
o
n th
e D
efo
rmati
on
o
f th
e
19
30
T
ang
o
Eart
h's
C
rust
in th
e
Tan
go
D
istr
ict
co
n-
necte
d w
ith
th
e
Tan
go
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f 1
92
7.
Til
t v
ari
ati
on
-o
f th
e E
art
h's
S
urf
ace,
19
30
S
ek
ihara
O
bse
rved
at ~ekihara F
oll
ow
ing
th
e S
ek
i-h
ara
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Inv
esti
gati
on
on
th
e
Defo
rmati
on
o
f th
e
19
30
T
ang
o
Eart
h's
C
rust
in th
e
Tan
go
D
istr
ict
co
nn
ecte
d w
ith
th
e
Tan
go
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f 1
92
7
(Part
2
).
Pre
cis
e L
ev
eli
ng
s in
th
e P
rov
ince o
f 1
93
0 Iz
u
Izu
.
A N
ote
o
n
the A
naly
tical
Tre
atm
en
ts o
f 1
93
0
Kan
to
the H
ori
zo
nta
l D
efo
rmati
on
o
f th
e E
art
h's
C
rust.
On
the G
eo
log
ic S
tru
ctu
re o
f th
e Ito
D
istr
ict,
Iz
u.
Til
t V
ari
ati
on
o
f th
e E
art
h's
S
urf
ace
Ob
serv
ed
Fo
llo
win
g th
e Ito
E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
30
Iz
u
19
30
Ito
Seis
mo
metr
ic S
tud
y o
f th
e
Recen
t D
estr
uc-
19
31
Iz
u
tiv
e K
ita-I
zu
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Co
mp
ari
sio
n o
f th
e R
esu
lts o
f th
e F
ou
rth
1
93
1
Tan
go
an
d F
ifth
P
recis
e
Lev
eli
ng
s in
th
e
Reg
ion
D
istu
rbed
by
th
e
Tan
go
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Co
mp
ari
sio
n o
f th
e
Resu
lts o
f th
e F
irst
19
31
It
o
an
d
Seco
nd
P
recis
e L
ev
eli
ng
s o
n th
e E
ast
Co
ast
R
ou
te o
f th
e
Pro
vin
ce o
f Iz
u.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Til
t
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Geo
log
y
Til
t
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
I N
oil> I
No.
* 1-3
9
* 1-4
0
* 1
-41
*1
-42
* 1
-43
* 1
-44
*1
-45
* 1
-46
*1
-47
*1
-48
Au
tho
r
C.
Tsu
bo
i
w.
Ino
ue
K.
Mus
ha
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
C.
Tsu
bo
i
C.
Tsu
bo
i
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
T.
Ter
ada
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
Tit
le
Ou
tlin
e o
f In
vest
igati
on
s o
f th
e G
reat
Izu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
A N
ote
on
th
e R
esu
lts
of
the R
epea
ted
P
recis
e L
eve1
ing
s acro
ss
the E
arth
qu
ake
Are
a.
On
the S
ound
Phe
nom
ena
of
the
Izu
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 2
6,
19
30
.
On
the L
umin
ous
Phe
nom
ena
that
Att
end
ed
the
Tzu
E
arth
qu
ake,
N
ov.
26
, 1
93
0.·
Rep
ort
of
the S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e
So
uth
wes
tern
Part
of
Kag
a P
rov
ince,
Oct
. 1
7,
19
30
.
On
the R
esu
lts
of
Rep
eate
d P
recis
e
Lev
elin
g a
rou
nd
Iz'
u P
en
insu
la
Inv
est
igati
on
on
the
Def
orm
atio
n o
f th
e
Eart
h's
C
rust
in
th
e T
ango
Dis
tric
t C
on
nec
ted
wit
h t
he T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 19
27
(Part
3).
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
1931
Iz
u
Gen
.
1931
It
o
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
1931
Iz
u
Sou
nd
1931
Iz
u
Lig
htn
ing
1931
K
aga-
Min
ami
Srv
y.
Rep
. G
en.
19
31
Iz
u
1931
T
ango
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. L
ev.
&
Tri
.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Resu
lts
of
the P
recis
e L
eve1
ing
s E
xec
ute
d 1
931
Izu
in
th
e T
anna
Rai
lway
Tu
nn
el a
nd
th
e M
ove-
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. L
ev.
&
Tri
. m
ent
alo
ng
th
e S
lick
en
-sid
e th
at
Ap
pea
red
in
th
e T
un
nel
.
Lan
dsl
ide
at
Hat
ano
.
The
G
eom
orph
olog
y o
f th
e
Kan
o-ga
wa
All
uv
ial
Pla
in,
the E
arth
qu
ake
Fis
sure
s o
f N
ov.
26
, 19
30 a
nd
th
e P
re-
and
Po
st
Sei
smic
Cru
st D
efo
rmat
ion
s.
1932
K
anto
M
t.
Ln
dsl
d.
1932
Iz
u
Geo
log
y
I N
U'\ I
No
.
* 1-4
9
* 1-5
0
* 1-5
1
* 1-5
2
* 1-5
3
* 1-5
4
* 1-5
5
* 1-5
6
* 1-5
7
* 1-5
8
Au
tho
r
Eart
hq
uak
e
Rese
arc
h In
st.
C.
Tsu
bo
i
C.
Tsu
bo
i
N.
Miy
abe
K.
Mu
to
c.
Tsu
bo
i
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
T.
Su
zu
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e
Rese
arc
h In
st.
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Ho
rizo
nta
l D
isp
lacem
en
ts o
f th
e p
rim
ary
1
93
2
Izu
an
d S
eco
nd
ary
Tri
an
gu
lati
on
Po
ints
, Iz
u
Eart
hq
uak
e D
istr
icts
.
Inv
esti
gati
on
on
th
e D
efo
rmati
on
of
the
19
32
T
ang
o
Eart
h's
C
rust
in th
e
Tan
go
D
istr
ict
co
n-
necte
d w
ith
th
e
Tan
go
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f 1
92
7
(part
4
).
Inv
esti
gati
on
on
th
e
Defo
rmati
on
of
the
19
32
Iz
u
Eart
h's
C
rust
in
Izu
Pen
insu
la co
nn
ecte
d
wit
h th
e
Izu
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f N
ov
. 2
6,
19
30
.
On
the D
iffe
ren
t T
yp
es
of
Tim
e-v
ari
ati
on
1
93
2
Kan
to
in th
e
Rate
o
f V
ert
ical
Dis
pla
cem
en
t o
f B
en
ch
-mark
s in
T
ok
yo
an
d it
s V
icin
ity
.
Rela
tiv
e V
ert
ical
Dis
pla
cem
en
ts o
f B
en
ch
-1
93
3
Nis
hi
mar
ks
alo
ng
R
ou
tes
in
To
ky
o
an
d th
e E
nv
ir-
Sait
am
a
on
s,
an
d
fro
m It
ab
ash
i to
F
uji
mi.
Vert
ical
Dis
pla
cem
en
ts o
f B
en
ch
-mark
s in
1
93
3
No
hb
i th
e
No
hb
i an
d O
ther
Dis
tric
ts.
(18
91
)
Vert
ical
Cru
sta
l D
isp
lacem
en
t in
th
e
Seis
-19
33
Iz
u
mic
R
eg
ion
o
f It
o,
on
th
e E
ast
Co
ast
of
the Iz
u P
en
insu
la.
Th
e G
eom
orp
ho
log
y
an
d
Geo
log
y o
f N
ort
hern
1
93
3
Izu
Iz
u P
en
insu
la,
the
Eart
hq
uak
e F
issu
res o
f N
ov
. 2
6,
19
30
an
d th
e P
re-
an
d P
ost-
seis
-m
ic C
rust
Defo
rmati
on
.
Rep
ort
o
f th
e S
tro
ng
N
oto
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.2
l,
19
33
. 1
93
4
No
to
pre
cis
e L
ev
eli
ng
s in
th
e P
rov
ince o
f Iz
u.
19
34
It
o
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vrnt
.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Su
b.
& U
ph
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Su
b.
& U
ph
.
Geo
log
y
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
t N
0'1
I
No.
* 1
-59
* 1
-60
* 1
-61
1-6
2
* 1
-63
* 1
-64
* 1
-65
1-6
6
* 1
-67
* 1
-68
* 1
-69
Au
tho
r
Ear
thq
uak
e R
esea
rch
In
st.
T.
Fu
ku
tom
i
N.
Miy
abe
T.
Mat
suza
wa
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
T.
Su
zuk
i
N.
Miy
abe
T.
Mat
suza
wa
N.
Nas
u
N.
Nas
u
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
The
Rela
tiv
e v
ert
ical
Dis
pla
cem
ents
of
Ben
ch-m
ark
s alo
ng
th
e
Ro
ute
fr
om
Kun
imi
to K
asas
hih
o v
ia N
anao
.
Rep
ort
of
the S
tro
ng
Izu
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
ar.
21
, 1
93
4.
1934
N
oto
1934
M
inam
iIz
u
A S
tati
sti
cal
Stu
dy
of
the I
to E
arth
qu
ake
1935
It
o
Sw
arm
s.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
on
Mar
. 3
, 19
33
(Part
19
35
San
rik
u
1.
Ep
icen
ter)
. (1
933)
The
Och
i G
rab
en i
n S
ou
ther
n N
oto
Pen
in
sula
, Ja
pan
(P
art
1).
Seic
he in
th
e T
okyo
Bay
Cas
ued
by
th
e
Lan
d U
ph
eav
al o
n t
he O
ccas
ion
of
the
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
.
The
D
efo
rmat
ion
of
the E
art
h's
Cru
st i
n
Iwate~ken
and
Miy
agi-
ken
.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
on
Mar
ch 3
, 19
33
(Part
2
. S
urf
ace W
ave
Ob
serv
ed in
C
ali
forn
ia).
1935
N
o to
1935
K
anto
1935
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1935
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Su
pp
lem
enta
ry S
tud
y o
n th
e S
tere
om
etr
ica1
19
35
Tan
go
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
the A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e
Gre
at
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
27
.
Rec
ent
Sei
smic
Acti
vit
ies in
th
e Iz
u
Pen
insu
la
(Part
2).
The
Och
i G
rab
en in
So
uth
ern
Not
o P
en
in
sula
, Ja
pan
(P
art
2).
1935
Iz
u
1935
N
oto
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Gen
.
Sta
tisti
cs
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Geo
log
y
"-----
---~ ...
---
----
--~
Seic
he
ers
t.
Mvr
nt.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Geo
log
y
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
I '" -.J I
No.
* 1
-70
* 1
-71
* 1-7
2
* 1
-73
* 1
-74
* 1
-75
1-7
6
1-7
7
* 1
-78
* 1
-79
* 1
-80
1-8
1
Au
tho
r
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
N.
Nas
u
T.
Hag
iwar
a
T.
Kin
bar
a
T.
Sait
a
H.
Mat
suo
T.
Fu
ku
tom
i
T.
Mat
suza
wa
T.
Fu
ku
tom
i
H.
Kun
o
N.
Nas
u
N.
Nas
u
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
The
Och
i G
rab
en i
n S
ou
thern
No
to P
en
in
sula
, Ja
pan
(P
art
3
).
The
Sh
izu
ok
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
July
1
1,
19
35
Th
e S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ly
11
, 1
93
5
Rep
ort
s o
n t
he S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ly
11
, 1
93
5.
19
35
N
oto
19
35
S
hiz
uo
ka
19
35
8
hiz
uo
ka
19
35
S
hiz
uo
ka
The
Sh
izu
ok
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
July
, 1
1,
19
35
. 1
93
5
Sh
izu
ok
a
Dam
ages
to
th
e Q
uay
Wal
ls o
f S
him
izu
Har
-1
93
5
Sh
izu
ok
a b
or
du
e to
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
on
Ju
ly
11
, 1
93
5,a
nd
th
e
Sei
smic
Sta
bil
ity
of
the
Qua
y W
alls
.
On
the R
esu
lt o
f P
recis
e L
ev
eli
ng
s in
th
e
19
35
S
hiz
uo
ka
Are
a S
tro
ng
ly S
hak
en b
y t
heS
hiz
uo
ka E
art
h-
qu
ake
of
July
1
1,
19
35
.
On
the
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n M
arch
3
, 1
93
3
19
36
(P
art
3
. S
eism
ic M
oti
on
s O
ff S
an
rik
u b
e-
fore
an
d a
fter
the S
an
rik
u E
art
hq
uak
e,
and
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s in
Gen
era
l).
San
rik
u
(193
3)
Hei
gh
ts o
f T
sun
amis
at
Sh
imo
aa
So
uth
ern
Iz
u P
en
insu
la.
19
36
K
anto
The
Geo
log
ic S
ecti
on
alo
ng
th
e T
ann
a T
un
nel
. 1
93
6
Izu
The
K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o E
arth
qu
ake
of
Feb
. 2
1,
19
36
1
93
6.
Dete
rmin
ati
on
of
the N
atu
ral
Peri
od
s o
f th
e
Gro
und
in O
sak
a.
19
36
Kaw
ach
iY
amat
o
Geo
log
y
Gen
.
Gen
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Gen
.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Tsu
nam
i
Geo
log
y
Gen
.
Gro
un
d
Mvm
t.
To
hk
aid
o
To
hn
ank
ai
Gen
rok
u,
Ho
ei,
An
sei
I N
00
I
No.
* 1
-82
* 1
-83
* 1
-84
* 1
-85
* 1
-86
* 1
-87
* 1
-88
* 1
-89
* 1
-90
* 1
-91
* 1
-92
Au
tho
r
N.
Miy
abe
T.
Sait
a
Ear
thq
uak
e R
esea
rch
In
st.
H.
Kun
o
T.
Tak
ayam
a
T.
Nag
ata
T.
Hag
iwar
a
N.
Miy
abe
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
N.
Miy
abe
S.
Yam
aguc
hi
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Som
e P
heno
men
a A
sso
cia
ted
wit
h t
he Kawa~
1936
K
awac
hi-
chi-
Yam
ato
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f F
eb.
21
, 1
93
6.
Yam
ato
Geo
log
ical
an
d T
op
og
rap
hic
al In
vest
igati
on
19
36
K
awac
hi-
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
on th
e B
ou
nd
ary
Y
amat
o D
etw
een
Osa
ka-
fu a
nd
Nar
a-k
en o
n F
eb.
21 ,
1
93
6.
Rela
tiv
e v
ert
ical
Dis
pla
cem
ents
of
Ben
ch-
1936
m
ark
s al
on
g t
he l
ines
of
Lev
els
fro
m
Sh
izu
ok
a (1
935)
F
uk
uro
i to
Ok
itsu
, fr
om
Ok
itsu
to
O
daw
ara,
an
d f
rom
Ok
itsu
to
Ko
fu.
On
the D
isp
lace
men
t o
f th
e T
anna
Fau
lt
sin
ce t
he P
leis
tocen
e.
1936
Iz
u
Rep
ort
on
th
e F
ield
In
vest
igati
on
of
the
1937
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 3
, 1
93
6.
A C
om
par
isio
no
f th
e R
esu
lts
of
Mag
net
ic
Su
rvey
s b
efo
re a
nd
aft
er
the E
arth
qu
ake
in N
iiji
ma,
Dec
. 2
7,
19
36
.
The
N
iiji
ma E
arth
qu
ake
of
Dec
. 2
7,
1936
1937
N
iiji
ma
(193
6)
1937
N
iiji
ma
(193
6)
Su
pp
lem
enta
ry N
ote
s to
th
e S
tud
y o
f C
rust
-19
37
T
ango
al
Def
orm
atio
n i
n t
he T
ango
D
istr
ict.
Fre
qu
ency
-d
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f th
e It
o E
art
h-
1937
It
o
qu
ake
Swar
m o
f 1
93
0.
Tsu
nam
i A
sso
cia
ted
wit
h t
he
San
rik
u
1937
K
ink
a-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e th
at
Occ
urr
ed o
n N
ov.
3,
19
36
.
Def
orm
atio
n o
f th
e E
art
h's
Cru
st in
th
e
1937
Iz
u
Izu
Pen
insu
la in
Co
nn
ecti
on
wit
h t
he
Des
-tr
ucti
ve I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f N
ov.
26
, 1
93
0.
Gen
.
Geo
log
y
Dam
age
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vmt.
Fau
lt
Dam
age
Cu
r. &
Mag
.
Aft
ersh
ock
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Tsu
nam
i
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
I tv
\.0
I
No.
* 1
-93
* 1
-94
* 1
-95
* 1
-96
* 1
-97
* 1
-98
* 1
-99
* 1
-10
0
* 1
-'1
01
* 1
-10
2
* 1
-10
3
* 1
-10
4
Au
tho
r
S.
Yo
shim
ura
T.
Min
akam
i
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
T.
Hag
iwara
N.
Miy
abe
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
T.
Hag
iwara
N.
Miy
abe
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
K.
Kan
ai
T.
Sait
a
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
Th
e U
nd
erg
rou
nd
wate
r in
th
e V
icin
ity
of
19
38
K
an
to
Ch
iba-s
hi
wit
h S
pecia
l R
efe
ren
ce to
E
art
hq
uak
e
Dam
ages
.
Grn
d.
Wtr
. D
amag
e
Th
e H
ino
mis
ak
i-o
kiE
art
hq
uak
e o
f Jan
. 1
2,1
93
8
Tan
abe-
wan
S
rvy
. R
ep.
19
38
.
On
the
Eart
hq
uak
e th
at
Occu
rred
in
N
ov
. 1
93
8
on
th
e P
acif
ic C
oast
o
f N
ort
h
easte
rn J
ap
an
.
19
39
S
hio
ya-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Th
e O
gas
him
a E
art
hq
uak
e o
f M
ay
1,
19
39
. 1
93
9
Og
a
Th
e D
efo
rmati
on
of
the E
art
h's
S
urf
ace
19
39
O
ga
that
Acc
om
pan
ied
th
eO
gash
imaE
art
hq
uak
e
of
May
1
, 1
93
9.
On
the
Eart
hq
uak
e F
issu
res th
at
Occu
rred
1
93
9
Og
a o
n
May
1
, 1
93
9 in
th
eO
gash
ima R
eg
ion
, A
kit
a-k
en
, Ja
pan
.
Th
e T
sun
ami
that
Acc
om
pan
ied
th
e
Og
a E
art
hq
uak
e o
f M
ay
1,
19
39
. 1
93
9
Og
a
Th
e O
gash
imaE
art
hq
uak
e
an
d it
s A
fters
ho
ck
.19
40
O
ga
Tsu
nam
i A
sso
cia
ted
wit
h th
e
Eart
hq
uak
e
of
Au
g.
2,
19
40
. 1
94
0
Sh
ak
ota
n
ok
i
A S
tati
sti
cal
Inv
esti
gati
on
of
the S
tro
ng
1
94
1
Nag
ano
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f Ju
ly
15
, 1
94
1 n
ear
Nag
ano
.
On
the
Dam
age
to B
uil
din
gs
in th
e
Nag
ano
1
94
1
Nag
ano
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f Ju
ly 1
3,
19
41
.
Th
e P
ecu
liari
ties o
f D
well
ing
H
ou
se
Co
n-
19
41
N
agan
o
str
ucti
on
an
d th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
Dam
ages
in
zerl~ohji
Pla
in,
Nag
an
o-k
en
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Grn
d.
Def.
Grn
d.
Def.
Tsu
nam
i
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Tsu
nam
i
Sta
tisti
cs
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
I W
o I
No.
'* 1
-10
5
1-1
06
* 1
-10
7
* 1
-10
8
* 1
-10
9
* 1
-11
0
'* 1
-11
1
1-1
12
1-1
13
* 1
-11
4
* 1
-11
5
Au
tho
r
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
T.
Mat
suza
wa
R.
Tak
ei
S.
Om
ote
H.
Tsu
ya
S.
Om
ote
T.
Min
akam
i
S.
Miy
amur
a
T.
Mat
suza
wa
T.
Hag
iwar
a
T.
Nag
ata
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Resu
lts
of
Rev
isio
ns
of
Tri
an
gu
lati
on
19
41
Oga
an
d L
ev
eli
na i
n t
he N
eig
hb
orh
oo
d
of
_O<fI~~hima,
Ak
ita-k
en
.
The
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n M
ar.
3,
1933
(P
art
3.
1942
S
an
rik
u
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Sei
smic
In
ten
sit
y).
(1
933)
Resu
lts
of
Rele
veli
ng
in
th
e N
eig
hb
or-
1942
N
agan
o h
oo
d o
f N
agan
o.
The
T
ott
ori
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
ar.
4,
1943
19
43
To
tto
ri
Geo
log
ical
Ob
serv
atio
ns
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
1944
T
ott
ori
F
au
lts
($h
ikan
o a
nd
Yo
shio
ka)
o
f 19
43 in
T
ott
ori
-ken
.
The
P
reli
min
ary
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s 19
44
To
tto
ri
of
the T
ott
ori
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Mic
rose
ism
ic O
bse
rvati
on
of
To
tto
ri
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s.
1944
T
ott
ori
The
S
hik
ano
an
d Y
osh
ino
Fau
lts
Acc
ompa
ny-
1944
T
ott
ori
in
g t
he T
ott
ori
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
ar.
3,
19
33
, an
d th
e P
recis
e L
ev
eli
ng
.
Mov
emen
ts o
f th
e L
ion
Dog
S
tatu
es
du
e to
19
44
To
tto
ri
the G
reat
To
tto
ri E
arth
qu
ake.
Mov
emen
t al
on
g t
he F
au
lt t
hat
Ap
pea
red
in
194
4 T
ott
ori
th
e T
ott
ori
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he C
hang
e in
th
e I
ncli
nati
on
of
the E
art
h's
Su
rface.
vari
ati
on
on
Eart
h-C
urr
en
t in
th
e V
icin
ity
19
44
T
ott
ori
o
f th
e S
ikam
o-f
au
lt.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Gen
. M
ar.
4
Fau
lt
Gen
.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
J-,f
ters
ho
ck
Fau
lt
Oth
ers
Fau
lt
Til
t
Cu
r. &
Mag
.
I LV
I-' I
No.
* 1
-11
6
1-1
17
* 1
-11
8
* 1
-11
9
* 1
-12
0
* 1
-12
1
* 1
-12
2
* 1
-12
3
1-1
24
* 1
-12
5
* 1
-12
6
Au
tho
r
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
T.
Mat
suza
wa
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
T.
Min
akam
i
S.
Orn
ote
H.
Tsu
ya
S.
Orn
ote
S.
Orn
ote
S.
Miy
amur
a
T.
Rik
itak
e
R.
Ikeg
ami
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Rep
ort
s o
f th
e P
recis
e L
ev
eli
ng
in
th
e
To
tto
ri D
istr
ict
carr
ied
ou
t aft
er
the
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
94
3.
Dam
age
in T
ott
ori
C
ity
du
e to
th
e
To
tto
ri E
art
hq
uak
e.
Dam
ages
fr
om
th
e T
ott
ori
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n
Sep
t.
10
, 1
94
3.
The
T
oh
nan
kai
E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
and
it
s A
fters
ho
ck
s.
The
Tsu
nam
i,
the E
arth
qu
ake
Sea
Wav
es,
that
Acc
om
pan
ied
th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
7,
19
44
.
19
44
T
ott
ori
19
44
T
ott
ori
19
45
T
ott
ori
19
46
T
oh
nan
kai
19
46
T
oh
nan
kai
The
Fu
ko
zu F
au
lt:
A R
emar
kab
le E
arth
qu
ake
19
46
F
au
lt F
orm
ed d
uri
ng
th
e M
ikaw
a E
arth
qu
ake
Mik
awa
of
Jan
. 1
3,
19
46
.
A P
reli
min
ary
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e M
ikaw
a E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
46
M
ikaw
a
Co
mp
aris
ion
of
the V
uln
era
bil
ity
Rat
es o
f 1
94
6
To
hn
ank
ai
the G
rou
nd
Rev
eale
d i
n T
oh
nan
kai
M
ikaw
a E
art
hq
uak
es.
The
D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f S
eism
ic
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g
fro
m th
e
To
kai
do
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Tsu
nam
i in
Tsu
bak
i-to
mari
Bay
.
19
46
T
oh
nan
kai
19
46
N
ank
ai
A S
tud
y o
n th
e O
vert
urn
ing
of
Recta
ng
ula
r 1
94
7
Col
umns
in
th
e
case
of
the N
ank
ai
Nan
kai
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n D
ec.
21
, 1
94
6.
Lev
. &
Tri
Dam
age
Dam
age
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Tsu
nam
i
Fau
lt
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Gro
un
d
Dam
age
Tsu
nam
i
Oth
ers
No
tes
Dam
age
I W
!\) I
No.
* 1
-12
7
* 1
-12
8
* 1
-12
9
* 1
-13
0
* 1
-13
1
* 1
-13
2
1-1
33
* 1
-13
4
* 1
-13
5
* 1
-13
6
* 1
-13
7
Au
tho
r
N.
Nas
u
T.
Nag
ata
T.
Min
akam
i
S.
Sak
uma
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
Y.
Sato
S.
Miy
amur
a
N.
Nas
u
S.
Orn
ote
S.
Orn
ote
K.
Kan
ai
Tit
le
Lo
cal
Phe
nom
ena
of
Tsu
nam
i (P
art
1).
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1947
N
ank
ai
Tsu
nam
i
No
tes
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
of
the M
urot
o P
oin
t b
e-
1947
N
ank
ai
fore
an
d a
fter
the N
ank
aid
o G
reat
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n D
ec.
21
, 1
94
6.
The
E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
ns
on
Var
iou
s F
orm
-19
48
Nan
kai
ati
on
s o
f th
e E
art
h's
S
urf
ace.
(I).
O
bse
rvat
ion
on
Ko
hch
i-sh
i.
The
E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
ns
on
Var
iou
s F
orm
ati
on
s o
f th
e E
art
h's
Su
rface.
(II)
. O
bse
rvat
ion
s at
Gob
o an
d K
irib
e.
19
48
N
ank
ai
Mo
nth
ly N
umbe
rs o
f E
arth
qu
akes
at
Kai
nan
-19
48
Nan
kai
sh
i,
Wak
ayam
a-ke
n in
19
47
.
The
R
ela
tio
n b
etw
een
Sei
smic
In
ten
sity
an
d E
pic
en
tra1
Dis
tan
ce.
(I)
1948
N
ohbi
(1
891)
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Sei
smic
Mo
tio
n
1948
N
ank
ai
and
G
roun
d C
hara
cte
rist
ics
near
Go
bo
-mac
hi,
W
akay
ama-
ken.
Blo
ck M
ovem
ent
alo
ng
Sei
smic
Fau
lt.
(I).
19
49
Fu
ku
i (F
uk
ui
Fau
lt a
nd
Oth
ers
).
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
es in
Yo
ko
ham
a-sh
i d
ue
to 1
949
Kan
to
the G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
. T
he R
ela
tio
n b
etw
een
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e an
d
the S
tru
ctu
re o
f th
e
Gro
und
in
Yok
oham
a.
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
of
Non
-Woo
den
Bu
ild
ing
s an
d th
e
Nat
ure
of
the G
rou
nd
.
1949
K
anto
1950
Im
aich
i
Gro
und
Gro
und
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
C.
R.
Co
l.
Gro
und
Fau
lt
Dam
age
Gro
und
Oth
ers
To
tto
ri,
J!lu
rum
a
To
hn
ank
ai
Mik
awa,
H
ach
ino
he-
ok
i N
ank
ai,
Fu
ku
i
Dam
age
, w
W
I
No.
* 1
-13
8
* 1
-13
9
* 1
-14
0
* 1
-14
1
* 1
-14
2
* 1
-14
3
* 1
-14
4
* 1
-14
5
* 1
-14
6
* 1
-14
7
1-1
48
Au
tho
r
R.
Ikeg
ami
D.
Sh
imo
zura
S.
Orn
ote
H.
Kaw
asum
i
Y.
Kos
hika
wa
R.
Mor
imot
o
Ear
thq
uak
e R
esea
rch
In
st.
T.
Hag
iwar
a
S.
Orn
ote
T.
Asa
da
S.
Miy
amur
a
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
The
Accele
rati
on
of
Ear
thq
uak
e M
oti
on
De-
1950
Im
aich
i d
uce
d f
rom
Ov
ertu
rnin
g o
f th
e G
rav
esto
nes
in
cas
e o
f Im
aich
i E
arth
qu
ake
on
Dec
. 2
6,
19
49
.
The
Cha
nge
of
the G
rou
nd
-wat
er
Lev
el d
ue
1950
Im
aich
i to
th
e l
maic
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
the A
fter
sho
cks
of
the F
uk
ui
1950
F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
2).
The
Im
aich
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
Dec
. 2
6,
19
49
. 19
50
lmaic
hi
Gen
eral
D
esc
rip
tio
n.
Sei
smo
met
rica
l S
tud
y o
f th
e Im
aich
i E
arth
qu
ake
on
Dec
. 2
6,
19
49
. 19
50
Imai
chi
Geo
logy
of
the lm
aic
hi
Dis
tric
t w
ith
19
50
lmaic
hi
Sp
ecia
l R
efer
ence
to
th
e E
arth
qu
akes
of
Dec
. 2
6,
19
49
. (I
).
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s C
arr
ied
19
50
Imai
chi
ou
t in
Im
aich
i D
istr
ict,
T
och
igi-
ken
.
On
the A
fter
sho
cks
wh
ich
Acc
ompa
nied
th
e
1950
Im
aich
i Im
aich
i E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
26
, 1
94
9.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s o
f th
e
Imai
chi
Ear
thq
uak
e,
1950
Im
aich
i O
bse
rved
at
the N
ish
i-o
ash
i S
tati
on
.
On
Mic
ro-e
arth
qu
akes
Ob
serv
ed A
fter
the
1950
Im
aich
i Im
aich
i E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
26
, 1
94
9.
Aft
ersh
ock
s O
bse
rved
at
Fu
nao
-mu
ra,
1950
Im
aich
i T
och
igi-
ken
, F
oll
ow
ing
th
e
Imai
chi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Oth
ers
Grn
d.
Wtr
.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Gen
.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Geo
log
y
Aft
ersh
ock
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Aft
ersh
ock
Sm.
Eq
ke.
Aft
ersh
ock
I W
of>,
I
No.
* 1
-14
9
.;. 1
-15
0
* 1
-15
1
* 1
-15
2
* 1
-15
3
* 1
-15
4
* 1
-15
5
* 1
-15
6
* 1
-15
7
* 1
-15
8
Au
tho
r
T.
Hag
iwar
a
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
T.
Hon
da
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
K.
Kan
ai
K.
Kan
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e R
esea
rch
In
st.
E.
Ino
ue
S.
Orn
ote
K.
Kan
ai
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f th
e D
efo
rmat
ion
of
the
Eart
h's
Su
rface in
th
e V
icin
ity
of
the
Ep
icen
ters
of
the I
maic
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e •
1950
Im
aich
i
Resu
lts
of
the P
recis
e L
evel
ing
s E
xec
ute
d 1
95
0
lmaic
hi
in t
he E
pic
en
tral
Reg
ion
of
the I
maic
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Lan
d S
lip
in
th
e Im
aic
hi_
Dis
tric
t R
evea
l-19
50
Imai
chi
ed f
rom
th
e B
reak
s in
th
e W
ell-
Tu
bes
.
Inst
rum
en
tal
Rec
ord
ing
of
a L
and
slid
e ca
use
d b
y t
he
Imai
chi
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
26
, 1
94
9.
1950
Im
aich
i
On
the D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s b
y t
he lm
aic
hi
1950
Im
aic
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
26
, 1
94
9.
Ex
per
imen
tal
Stu
dy
of
Vib
rati
on
s o
f S
tru
c-1
95
0
Imaic
hi
ture
s C
ause
d b
y A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e
Imai
chi
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
26
, 1
94
9.
Sei
smo
met
rica
l D
ata
of
the
Imai
chi
1950
Im
aich
i E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
26
, 1
94
9.
On
the v
ert
ical
Dis
pla
cem
ents
Acc
ompa
ny-
19
51
Im
aic
hi
ing
th
e
Imai
chi
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
94
9.
ficati
on
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Lan
dsl
ide
Lan
dsl
ide
Bu
il.
Vib
.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Su
b.
& U
ph.
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
-19
51
To
hn
ank
ai
Gro
und
age
and
th
e S
tru
ctu
re o
f th
e G
roun
d in
N
ago
ya-
shi.
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age1
951
Kan
to
of
Non
-Woo
den
Bu
ild
ing
s an
d t
he N
atu
re
of
the G
roun
d (P
art
II)
.
Fau
lt
Lev
. &
T
ri.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Dam
age
I W
lJ1 I
No
.
* 1
-15
9
* 1
-16
0
1-1
61
* 1
-16
2
* 1
-16
3
* 1
-16
4
* 1
-16
5
* 1-1
66
* 1-1
67
* 1-1
68
Au
tho
r
N.
Nas
u
Y.
Ko
shik
awa
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
R.
Mo
rim
oto
S.
Sh
imo
zu
ru
K.
Kan
ai
A.
Ok
ada
I.
Mu
rai
Y.
Sato
K.
Kasa
hara
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Blo
ck
M
ov
emen
t alo
ng
th
e S
eis
mic
F
au
lt (
2).
19
51
N
ob
i (1
89
1)
Seis
mo
metr
ica1
S
tud
y o
f th
e
Imaic
hi
19
51
Im
aic
hi
Eart
hq
uak
e o
n
Dec
. 2
6,
19
49
(T
he
seco
nd
p
ap
er)
. T
ime
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Perc
ep
tib
le A
fter-
19
51
Im
aic
hi
sho
ck
s o
f th
e E
art
hq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
26
, 1
94
9.
Th
e G
eolo
gy
o
f th
e
Imaic
hi
Dis
tric
t w
ith
1
95
1
Imaic
hi
Sp
ecia
l R
efe
ren
ce to
th
e
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
26
, 1
94
9
(II).
~f1ections
on
th
e
Tsu
nam
i o
f D
ec.
21
, 1
95
2
Nan
kai
19
46
.
Th
e R
ela
tio
nsh
ip
betw
een
E
art
hq
uak
e
Dam
-1
95
3
To
kach
i-ag
e
an
d
the
Natu
re o
f th
e
Gro
un
d.
(Case
o
ki
of
Woo
den
Ho
use
s an
d P
eat
Bed
).
Lan
d D
efo
rmati
on
o
f th
e
Neig
hb
orh
oo
d o
f M
uro
to P
oin
t afte
r th
e
Gre
at
Nan
kaid
o
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f 1
94
6.
Tecto
nic
An
aly
sis
of
the D
istr
ict
Su
rro
un
din
g th
e F
uk
ui
Pla
in.
Th
e R
ela
tio
nsh
ip
betw
een
S
eis
mic
In
ten
sit
y a
nd
Ep
icen
tral
Dis
tan
ce
(2).
19
53
N
an
kai
19
55
F
uk
ui
19
55
N
oh
bi
(18
91
)
A S
ho
rt D
iscu
ssio
n o
n
Rip
ple
s. i
n E
art
h-
19
55
B
oh
so-o
ki
qu
ak
e
Sh
ock
s (A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e B
oh
so-
ok
i E
art
hq
uak
e)
.
Fau
lt
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Geo
loID
'
Tsu
nam
i
Gro
un
d
Dam
age
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Geo
log
y
C.
R.
Co
l.
To
tto
ri,
Fu
rum
a T
oh
nan
kai,
M
ikaw
a,
Hach
ino
h
ok
i,
Nan
kai,
F
uk
ui,
A
kin
ou
mi
Imaic
hi,
T
ok
ach
i·
ok
i,
Dais
ho
ji
Wav
e M
tn.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
I W
0'1
I
No.
* 1
-16
9
* 1
-17
0
1-1
71
* 1
-17
2
* 1
-17
3
* 1
-17
4
* 1
-17
5
* 1
-17
6
* 1
-17
7
1-1
78
* 1
-17
9
Au
tho
r
S.
Orn
ote
E.
Shi
ma
S.
Miy
amur
a
S.
Oob
a
R.
Mor
imot
o
A.
Oka
da
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
T.
Mat
sum
oto
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
A.
Oka
da
Y.
Ohs
awa
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s th
at
Acc
ompa
nied
th
e T
ott
ori
19
55
To
tto
ri
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.
10
, 19
43
(Part
2)
•
Fu
tats
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f O
cto
ber
19
, 1
95
5.
1956
F
uta
tsu
i
Lev
eli
ng
alo
ng
th
e Y
osh
in R
iver
(P
art
3.
19
56
F
uta
tsu
i v
ert
ical
Mov
emen
t o
f th
e G
roun
d F
oll
ow
ing
th
e F
uta
tsu
i E
arth
qu
ake,
O
ct.
19
, 19
55
).
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Gen
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Stu
dy
of
the R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e
Su
bso
il C
on
dit
ion
s an
d t
he D
istr
ibu
tio
n
1957
T
oh
nan
kai
B
ui1
. D
am.
of
the D
amag
e P
erce
nta
ge
of
Woo
den
Dw
elli
ng
H
ou
ses
on
th
e P
rov
ince
of
Toh
tohm
i in
th
e
case
of
the
To
hn
ank
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
7,
19
44
. G
eolo
gy
of
Imaic
hi
Dis
tric
t w
ith
Sp
ecia
l 19
57
Imai
chi
Ref
eren
ce to
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Dec
. 2
6,
1949
(I
II).
Sh
iro
ish
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
30
, 1
95
6,
and
Pre
cis
e L
evel
ing
Res
urv
ey o
f it
s
Ep
icen
tra1
Are
a,
Miy
agi-
ken
.
1958
S
hir
ois
hi
A S
tud
y o
f th
e S
ho
hn
ai E
arth
qu
ake
of
18
94
.19
58
S
ho
hn
ai
Tes
hik
aga
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ja
n.
31
, 1
95
9.
Stu
die
s o
n t
he S
pec
tru
m o
f T
sun
ami.
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e
Nag
aoka
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Feb
. 2
, 1
96
1.
On
the D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s d
uri
ng
th
e
Nag
aoka
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f F
eb.
2,
19
61
.
1959
T
esh
ikag
a
1961
C
hil
ean
1961
N
agao
ka
1961
N
agao
ka
Geo
log
y
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Gen
.
Aft
ersh
ock
Tsu
nam
i
Bu
il.
Dam
. No
tes
Gro
und
Itu
rup
(1
958)
S
an
rik
u,
etc
.
i W
-...]
i
No.
* 1
-18
0
* 1
-18
1
* 1
-18
2
* 1
-18
3
* 1
-18
4
* 1
-18
5
* 1
-18
6
* 1
-18
7
* 1
-18
8
* 1
-18
9
Au
tho
r
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
R.
Yo
shiy
ama
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
Y.
Ohs
awa
T.
Hag
iwar
a
S.
Orn
ote
S.
Miy
amur
a
I.
Mu
rai
R.
Mo
rim
oto
K.
Kan
ai
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
On
the
Tsu
nam
i w
hic
h A
cco
mp
anie
d t
he
Hy
ug
a-n
ada
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f F
eb.
27
, 1
96
1.
19
61
H
yu
ga-
nad
a T
sun
ami
Ear
thq
uak
e n
ear
the N
ati
on
al
Park
Hak
usa
n 1
96
1
Kit
a-M
ino
o
n A
ug.
19
, 1
96
1.
Fie
ld S
tud
ies
of
the K
ita-
Min
o E
arth
qu
ake
19
61
K
ita-
Min
o
of
Aug
. 1
9,
19
61
.
On
the D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s d
uri
ng
th
e
Kit
a-M
ino
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
19
61
. 1
96
1
Kit
a-M
ino
Seis
mo
log
ical
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
the K
ita-
Min
o1
96
1 Kita~Mino
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Aug
. 1
9,
19
61
an
d i
ts
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s o
f th
e K
ita-
Min
o E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
19
61
: O
bse
rvati
on
s at
the
Kad
oh
ara
and
Hir
ug
ano
Sta
tio
ns.
19
61
K
ita-
Min
o
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s o
f th
e K
ita-
19
61
K
ita-
Min
o
Min
o E
arth
qu
ake,
A
ug.
19
, 1
96
1:
Ob
ser-
vati
on
at
Hac
him
an,
Gif
u ~ken.
Cen
tral
Jap
an
.
Som
e N
ote
s o
n t
he G
eolo
gic
S
tru
ctu
res
of
19
61
K
ita-
Min
o
the K
ita-
Min
o D
istr
ict.
Geo
log
y o
f th
e A
rea
Dam
aged
by
th
e K
ita-
19
61
K
ita-
Min
o
Min
o E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
1.
The
U
pp
er
Rea
ches
of
the
uch
inam
i R
iver
an
d th
e
Ito
sh
iro
Riv
er,
F
uk
ui-
ken
an
d G
ifu
-ken
) •
Sei
smic
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ics
in G
rou
nd
of
19
61
K
ita-
Min
o
Mo
un
tain
ou
s F
orm
atio
n.
(Ob
serv
ati
on
of
the A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e K
ita-
Min
o
Eart
hq
uak
e.)
Gen
.
Gen
.
Bu
il.
Dam
age
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Gro
un
d
I W co
I
No.
* 1
-19
0
* 1
-19
1
1-1
92
* 1
-19
3
* 1
-19
4
* 1
-19
5
1-1
96
* 1
-19
7
* 1
-19
8
* 1
-19
9
Au
tho
r
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
K.
Ak
i
Y.
sato
I.
Ond
a
T.
Hag
iwar
a
Y.
Ohs
awa
A.
Oka
da
A.
Jits
uk
aw
a
T.
Mom
oi
T.
Mom
oi
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
ifi
cati
pn
Osc
illa
tio
ns
of
Wat
er i
n a
R
ese
rvo
ir,
Ob
serv
ed i
n t
he C
ase
of
the K
ita-
Min
o
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f A
ug.
19
, 1
96
1.
1962
K
ita-
Min
o
Stu
dy
of
Ear
thu
qak
e W
aves
b
y a
S
eism
o-
1962
K
ita-
Min
o
met
er A
rray
(P
art
1.
Aft
ersh
ock
s o
f th
e
Kit
a-M
ino
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f A
ug.
19
, 1
96
1).
Seic
h
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
On
the E
arth
qu
kae
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he
No
rth
ern
Part
of
Miy
ag
i-k
en
, 19
62
Miy
agi-
Kit
a G
en.
Jap
an,
on
Ap
r.
30
, 1
96
2.
Stu
die
s o
f th
e N
ort
her
n M
iyag
i E
arth
qu
ake
1962
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Gen
. o
f A
pr.
3
0,
19
62
: C
ompa
red
wit
h t
he N
ort
h-
ern
Rik
uze
n E
arth
qu
ake
of
May
1
2,
19
00
.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s o
f th
e N
ort
her
n M
iyag
i E
art
h-
1962
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Aft
ersh
ock
q
uak
e,
Ap
r.
30
, 1
96
2,
Ob
serv
ed a
t T
suk
ub
a S
tati
on
.
On
the
Dam
age
to B
uil
din
gs
du
rin
g t
he
1962
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Bu
i1.
Dam
. N
ort
her
n M
iyag
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
Ap
r.
30
, 1
96
2.
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
of
the N
ort
her
n M
iyag
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
Ap
ril
30
, 1
96
2.
1962
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Gro
und
Gra
vit
y S
urv
eys
in t
he A
rea
of
the
No
rth
ern
Miy
agi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1962
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Gra
vit
y
The
E
ffects
of
Co
ast
lin
es
on
th
e T
suna
mi
1962
C
hil
ean
(1
) an
d
som
e R
emar
ks
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
-n
ami.
The
E
ffects
of
Co
ast
lin
es
on
th
e T
suna
mi
1962
C
hil
ean
(2
) an
d s
ome
Rem
arks
.on
th
e
Ch
ilea
n T
su-
nam
i.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
No
tes
Aft
ers
ho
ck
I W
1.0 I
No
.
* 1
-20
0
* 1
-20
1
* 1
-20
2
* 1
-20
3
* 1
-20
4
* 1
-20
5
* 1
-20
6
* 1
-20
7
* 1
-20
8
* 1
-20
9
* 1
-21
0
* 1-2
11
Au
tho
r
T.
Mom
oi
T.
Mom
oi
T.
Tan
ak
a
S.
Ko
mak
i
T.
Tan
ak
a
T.
Hato
ri
S.
Nag
umo
I.
Aid
a
T.
Hato
ri
T.
Hato
ri
S.
Yam
agu
chi
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Th
e C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
of
May
2
4,
19
60
at
Am
ami-
Osh
ima.
Th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i o
f M
ay
24
, 1
96
0
in th
e V
icin
ity
of
Ch
oh
shi.
19
63
C
hil
ean
19
63
C
hil
ean
Mic
rotr
em
or
Mea
sure
men
t in
th
e D
isaste
r A
rea1
96
3
Nag
aok
a o
f th
e
Nag
aok
a E
art
hq
uak
e o
f F
eb
. 2
, 1
96
1.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Gro
un
d
A R
ep
ort
of
the f
fyu
ga-n
ad
aE
art
hq
uak
e o
f F
eb
. 2
7,
19
64
. 1
96
4
Hy
ug
a-n
ad
a
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Mic
rotr
em
or
Mea
syre
men
t in
th
e D
isaste
r A
rea 1
96
4
Miy
ag
i-K
ita
Gro
un
d
of
the N
ort
hern
Miy
ag
i E
art
hq
uak
e o
f A
pri
l 3
0,
19
62
.
On
the It
uru
p T
sun
ami
of
Oct.
1
3,
19
63
, as
Ob
serv
ed
alo
ng
th
e C
oast
of
Jap
an
.
Fie
ld S
tud
ies o
f th
e O
ga-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e
of
May
7
, 1
96
4.
19
64
It
uru
p
19
64
O
ga-o
ki
A T
sun
ami
Acc
om
pan
yin
g th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
h-
19
64
N
iig
ata
q
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
16
, 1
96
4.
On
the
Tsu
nam
i w
hic
h A
cco
map
anie
d th
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
16
, 1
96
4:
So
urc
e
Defo
rmati
on
, P
rop
ag
ati
on
an
d T
sun
ami
Ru
n-u
p.
On
the
Tsu
nam
i w
hic
h
Acc
om
pan
ied
th
e
96
5
Og
a-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e o
ff th
e
No
rth
west
C
oast
of
Og
a o
n M
ay
7,
19
64
.
On
the
Ch
ang
es
in th
e H
eig
hts
o
f M
ean
19
65
N
iig
ata
S
ea L
ev
els
b
efo
re
and
afte
r th
e G
reat
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e
on
Ju
ne 1
6,
19
64
.
A
Su
bm
ari
ne F
au
lt
Lin
e
fou
nd
n
ear
19
65
N
iig
ata
A
was
him
a afte
r th
e
Jap
an
S
ea E
art
hq
uak
e
on
Ju
ne
16
, 1
96
4.
Tsu
nam
i
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tid
al
Ch
ge
Fau
lt
No
tes
I ~
o I
No.
* 1
-21
2
* 1
-21
3
* 1
-21
4
* 1-2
15
* 1
-21
6
*1
-21
7
*1
-21
8
*1
-21
9
*1
-22
0
*1
-22
1
Au
tho
r
T.
Hato
ri
T.
Hato
ri
I.
Mu
rai
T.
Mat
sud
a
Y.
Ohs
awa
K.
Ak
i
K.
Ak
i
A.
Oka
da
K.
Kas
ahar
a
Ear
thq
uak
e R
esea
rch
In
st.
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
On
the A
lask
a T
sun
ami,
M
ar.
28
, 1
96
4,
as
19
65
A
lask
a O
bse
rved
alo
ng
th
e
Co
ast
of
Jap
an.
On
the P
ossib
ilit
y o
f T
suna
mi
Gen
era
tio
n
1965
S
hiz
uo
ka
at
the T
ime
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
near
Sh
i-zu
ok
a o
n A
pri
l 2
0,
19
65
.
Fra
ctu
re
Sy
stem
s D
evel
op
ed o
n t
he Is
lan
d,
1965
N
iig
ata
A
was
him
a n
ear
the E
pic
en
ter
of
the N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
96
4.
The
S
hiz
uo
ka-
Sh
imiz
u E
arth
uq
ake
of
Ap
r.2
0
1965
N
iig
ata
1
96
5,
and
th
e
"Seis
mo
log
ical
Blo
cks"
R
evea
led
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake.
On
the
Dam
age
to ~indow G
lass
in
Re
info
rced
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s d
uri
ng
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f A
pri
l 2
0,
19
65
.
Gen
erat
ion
an
d P
rop
ag
ati
on
of
G W
aves
fr
om
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
16
, 19
64
(Part
1.
A S
tati
sti
cal
An
aly
sis)
.
1965
N
iig
ata
1966
N
fig
ata
Gen
erat
ion
an
d p
rop
ag
ati
on
of
G W
aves
fro
m 1
966
Nii
gata
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
16
, 19
64
(Part
2.
Est
imati
on
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
mo-
men
t,
Rel
ease
d E
ner
gy
, an
d S
tress
-Str
ain
D
rop
fro
m t
he G
Wav
e S
pec
tru
m).
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Fau
lt
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Cau
se
Cau
se
No
tes
Po
stse
ism
ic S
ub
sid
ence
of
Aw
ashi
ma
Isla
nd
.19
66
N
iig
ata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Gra
vit
y S
urv
eys
in A
was
him
a Is
lan
d a
nd
at
the A
dja
cen
t S
ea B
ott
om
. 19
66
Nii
gata
G
rav
ity
Mat
sush
iro
Ear
thq
uak
es O
bse
rved
wit
h
a 1
96
6
Mat
sush
iro
G
en.
Tem
pora
ry S
eism
og
rap
hic
Net
wor
.k
(Part
1).
E
qk
e.
Act
.
I ~
I-' I
No
.
* 1
-22
2
* 1
-22
3
* 1
-22
4
* 1
-22
5
* 1
-22
6
* 1
-22
7
* 1
-22
8
* 1
-22
9
* 1
-23
0
* 1
-23
1
* 1
-23
2
* 1
-23
3
Au
tho
r
K.
Kasa
hara
T.
Hag
iwara
T.
Rik
itak
e
T.
Rik
itak
e
Y.
Oh
saw
a
R.
Mo
rim
oto
A.
Imam
ura
M.
Ish
imo
to
T.
Tera
da
S.
Yam
agu
chi
H.
Mat
suo
H.
Mat
suo
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Ele
ctr
o-O
pti
cal
Mea
sure
men
t o
f H
ori
zo
nta
l 1
96
6
Mats
ush
iro
E
Xp.
&
Co
nt.
S
train
s A
ccu
mu
lati
ng
in
th
e
Sw
arm
E
art
hq
uak
e A
rea
(1).
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
Til
tin
g o
f th
e E
art
h's
S
ur-
19
66
M
ats
ush
iro
T
ilt
face
du
e to
M
ats
ush
iro
E
art
hq
uak
es.
P
art
1.
Geo
mag
neti
c
an
d G
eo
ele
ctr
ic S
tud
ies o
f 1
96
6
Mats
ush
iro
C
ur.
& M
ag.
the M
ats
ush
iro
E
art
hq
uak
e
Sw
arm
(1
).
Geo
mag
neti
c
an
d
. G
ecele
ctr
ic S
tud
ies o
f 1
96
6
Mats
ush
iro
C
ur.
& M
ag.
the M
ats
ush
iro
E
art
hq
uak
e
Sw
arm
(2
).
On
the
Dam
age
to B
uil
din
gs
an
d O
ther
19
66
M
ats
ush
iro
B
ui1
. D
am.
Str
uctu
res d
uri
ng
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e o
f Jan
. 2
3,
19
66
in
th
e V
icin
ity
of
Mats
ush
iro
.
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsid
era
tio
n o
n th
e M
ats
ush
iro
19
66
M
ats
ush
iro
G
eolo
gy
E
art
hq
uak
e
Sw
arm
sin
ce
19
65
in
Cen
tral
Jap
an
.
Past
Tsu
nam
is o
f th
e S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict.
1
93
4
Th
e T
sun
ami
Co
nsi
dere
d a
s
a P
hen
om
eno
n o
f 1
93
4
Sea W
ate
r O
verf
low
ing
th
e
Lan
d.
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
San
rik
u
(16
11
, 1
89
6,
18
97
)
LU
min
ou
s P
hen
om
ena
Acc
om
pan
yin
g
Destr
cu
tiv
e
Sea W
aves
. (T
sun
am
i).
19
34
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
) L
igh
tnin
g
Ku
sh
iro
-ok
i,
etc
.
Ab
no
rmall
y H
igh
Wav
es,
or
"Tsu
nam
i" ,
on
th
e
Co
ast
o
f S
an
rik
u in
Ja
pan
on
Mar
. 3
, 1
93
3.
Est
imati
on
of
En
erg
y o
f T
sun
ami
an
d
Pro
tecti
on
of
Co
ast
s.
19
34
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
34
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
Ex
peri
men
tal
Inv
esti
gati
on
en
p
rev
en
tio
n
19
34
of
Dam
age
fro
m
Tsu
nam
i.
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Dis
. P
rev
o
Tsu
nam
i
I ~
N I
No.
*1-2
34
*1-2
35
*1
-23
6
*1-2
37
*1
-23
8
*1
-23
9
*1-2
40
*1
-24
1
*1-2
42
*1-2
43
*1-2
44
*1-2
45
*1-2
46
Au
tho
r
W.
Ino
ue
K.
Mus
ha
N.
Miy
abe
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
G.
Nis
him
ura
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
N.
Nas
u
Y.
Su
ehir
o
G.
Nis
him
ura
Ear
thq
uak
e R
esea
rch
In
st.
N.
Miy
abe
H.
Kaw
asum
i
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
On
Sou
nd P
heno
men
a o
f th
e S
anri
ku
19
34
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
arch
3,
19
33
.
On
the L
umin
ous
Phe
nom
ena
that
Acc
ompa
n-19
34
ied
th
e G
reat
San
rik
u E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
93
3.
Part
1.
An
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the S
anri
ku
Tsu
nam
i 19
34
Bas
ed o
n M
areo
gram
Dat
a.
Tsu
nam
i D
amag
es
of
Mar
ch
3,
1933
an
d t
he
1934
T
op
og
rap
hy
of
San
rik
u C
oas
t,
Jap
an.
San
rik
u
(193
3)
San
rik
u
(193
3)
San
rik
u
(193
3)
San
rik
u
(193
3)
A M
odel
Ex
per
imen
t o
n th
e M
echa
nism
s o
f S
eism
ic S
ea W
ave
Gen
erat
ion
. (P
art
1).
19
34
San
rik
u
(193
3)
The
Lon
g W
ave
in a
B
ay o
f V
ari
ab
le
Secti
on
(l).
1934
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Sei
ches
an
d S
urf
ace W
aves
in
Oh
fun
ato
Bay
193
4 an
d T
wo
Oth
er B
ays.
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Sou
nd
Lig
htn
ing
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
. D
am.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Sei
che
No
tes
Lan
dfo
rm
Hei
gh
ts o
f T
suna
mi
and
Dam
age
to S
tru
c
ture
s.
1934
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Tsu
. D
am.
• T
suna
mi
Som
e O
bse
rvat
ion
s o
n t
he
Un
usu
sal
Be
hav
ior
of
Fis
h p
rio
r to
an
Ear
thq
uak
e.
An
Ex
per
imen
tal
Stu
dy
on
th
e P
rop
agat
ion
o
f T
suna
mi
Wav
es
(Part
1).
Rep
ort
s o
n th
e S
an
rik
u T
suna
mi
of
19
33
.
1934
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1934
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1934
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Rec
ent
Sei
smic
Acti
vit
y in
Tai
wan
. 19
36
Tai
wan
(1
935)
O
n a
Pro
ble
m C
on
cern
ing
th
e In
tern
al
1936
S
tru
ctu
re o
f th
e E
art
h a
s D
iscu
ssed
fr
om
the
Tim
e-D
ista
nce
C
urve
of
the
For
mos
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
Ap
ril
30
, 1
93
5.
Tai
wan
(1
935)
Eq
ke.
S
gn
s.
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Exp
. M
eas.
Sep
ara
te v
ol
l.
(Part
2)
I .!:>
W
I
No.
* 1-2
47
* 1
-24
8
* 1-2
49
* 1
-25
0
* 1-2
51
* 1
-25
2
* 1
-25
3
* 1
-25
4
* 1
-25
5
* 1
-25
6
Au
tho
r
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
N.
Nas
u
T.
Hag
iwar
a
N.
Miy
abe
T.
Sait
a
T.
Su
zuk
i
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
N.
Miy
abe
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e R
esea
rch
In
st.
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
The
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Cen
tral
Tai
wan
(F
orm
osa
)19
36
A
pr.
2
1,
1935
an
d E
arth
qu
ake
Fau
lts.
T
aiw
an
(193
5)
(R~s
ume)
.
The
A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e F
orm
osa
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
36
of
19
35
. T
aiw
an
(193
5)
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
Ch
ang
es in
th
e E
art
h's
19
36
Tai
wan
(1
935)
P
ote
nti
al
at
Shu
kkoh
ko a
nd
Kin
sui,
F
orm
osa
.
Cha
nge
in t
he L
evel
of
the W
ater
of
a W
ell
and
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s.
19
36
T
aiw
an
(193
5)
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
ages
an
d th
e G
rou
nd
1
93
6
in T
aiw
an
(Fo
rmo
sa).
T
aiw
an
(193
5)
Ear
thq
uak
e R
esis
tiv
ity
of
Nati
ve F
orm
osa
n
19
36
H
ou
ses
of
Dok
aku
Co
nst
ructi
on
. T
aiw
an
(193
5)
Inte
nsit
y D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f th
e F
orm
osa
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Ap
ril
21
, 1
93
5,
and
th
e
Str
en
gth
of
Dok
aku
Str
uctu
res.
The
Mec
han
ical
Str
en
gth
of
Dok
aku.
On
the
Sin
uo
us
Bu
ckli
ng
of
Rail
s.
Sei
smo
met
rica
1 R
epo
rt o
n th
e
Fo
rmo
sa
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f A
pri
l 2
1,
19
35
,Ob
serv
ed
at
Hon
go,
Tok
yo.
19
36
T
aiw
an
(193
5)
1936
T
aiw
an
(193
5)
19
36
T
aiw
an
(193
5)
1936
T
aiw
an
(193
5)
Fau
lt
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Gro
un
d
Bu
i1.
Dam
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Oth
ers
Pu
b1
. D
am.
Gen
.
Grn
d.
Wtr
.
Dam
age
2 •
PRO
MPT
RE
PORT
O
F TH
E EA
RTH
QU
AK
E RE
SEA
RCH
IN
STIT
UT
E
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
2-1
T
. M
inak
ami
The
D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f S
eism
ic D
amag
es
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
D
amag
e G
roun
d C
ause
d b
y t
he
To
hn
ank
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Mai
nly
, th
e R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Dam
age
and
Gro
un
d.
2-2
S
. ¥
iyam
ura
G
ener
al
Rep
ort
on
Dis
ast
er
du
e to
th
e
1945
. T
oh
nan
kai
B
uil
. D
am.
Srv
y.
rep
. E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he T
ok
ai
Dis
tric
t o
n D
ec.
7,
19
44
: M
ain
ly,
on
Ase
ism
ic
Nati
on
al
Lan
d P
lan
nin
g i
n V
iew
of
the
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Bu
ild
ing
Dam
age.
2-3
S
. O
rnot
e T
suna
mi
Fo
llo
win
g t
heT
oh
nan
kai
19
45
To
hn
ank
ai
Tsu
nam
i E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
7,
19
44
.
I 2
-4
K.
Kan
ai
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
amag
e to
Facto~ies
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
D
amag
e .1:>
0 .1:>
0 I b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he
Sea
of
En
shu
.
2-5
H
. K
awa
sum
i A
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
reat
Nan
kai
19
47
Nan
kai
G
en.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
21
, 1
94
6.
2-6
K
. K
anai
A
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
Bu
ild
ing
Dam
age
1947
N
ank
ai
Bu
il.
Dam
. C
asu
ed b
y t
he N
anka
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
Dec
. 2
1,
19
46
.
2-7
S
. M
iyam
ura
The
S
eism
ic D
amag
e O
bse
rved
in
Hyu
go-
1947
N
ank
ai
Dam
age
ken
(M
ain
ly,
in A
waj
ish
ima)
.
2-8
R
. T
akah
ash
i A
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
th
e
1947
N
ank
ai
Pu
b1
. D
am.
Kis
e-S
ai
Lin
e by
th
e N
ank
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e.
2-9
N
. N
asu
A G
ener
al
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi
Fo
llo
win
g 1
947
Nan
kai
T
suna
mi
the
Nan
kai
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Dec
. 2
1,
19
46
: W
akay
ama-
ken.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
2-1
0
S.O
mo
te
Sp
ecia
l R
epo
rt
on t
he T
suna
mi
that
Hit
19
47
Nan
kai
T
su.
Rep
. th
e S
ou
ther
n P
art
of
Sh
iko
ku
Fo
llo
win
g
the N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake.
2-1
1
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e A
n O
pin
ion
on
th
e T
suna
mi
in W
akay
ama-
ken
1947
N
ank
ai
Tsu
nam
i F
oll
ow
ing
th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
21
, 1
94
6.
2-1
2
T.
Min
akam
i T
he A
fters
ho
ck
s O
bse
rved
at
Gob
o-m
achi
19
47
Nan
kai
A
fter
sho
ck G
roun
d W
akay
ama-
ken:
M
ain
ly,
the R
ela
tio
n b
e-
twee
n E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
n a
nd
Gro
un
d.
2-1
3
T.
Hag
iwar
a T
he A
fters
ho
ck
s O
bse
rved
at
To
mio
ka-
cho
, 19
47
Nan
kai
A
fter
sho
ck
To
ku
shim
a-k
en,
and
Mu
roto
-mac
hi,
K
oh
chi-
ken
. I ,!::.
U1
2-1
4
T.
Nag
ata
Re1
evel
ing
aro
un
d M
uro
to-m
isak
i:
Vari
a-
1947
N
ank
ai
Til
t.
Lev
. & T
ri.
I
tio
n o
f T
ilt
Fo
llo
win
g t
he N
ank
ai E
art
h-
qu
ake.
2-1
5
T.
Hag
iwar
a v
ari
ati
on
of
Til
t M
easu
red
at
Mu
roto
-19
47
Nan
kai
T
ilt
mis
aki
by
a
Til
tmete
r u
sin
g W
ater
Tu
bes
.
2-1
6
T.
Rik
itak
e
The
E
art
h C
urr
en
t O
bse
rved
at
To
mio
ka-
cho
,19
47
N
ank
ai
Cu
r. &
Mag
. T
ok
ush
ima-
ken
, aft
er
the N
ank
ai E
art
h-
qu
ake.
2-1
7
T.
Rik
itak
e
Cha
nge
in H
ot S
pri
ng
Q
uali
ty in
Doh
go
1947
N
ank
ai
Grn
d.
Wtr
. F
oll
ow
ing
th
e N
ank
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e.
2-1
8
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e S
esim
ic M
oti
on
Ob
serv
ed i
n H
ongo
, T
okyo
19
47
Nan
kai
E
Xp.
M
eas.
R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Nan
kai
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
94
6.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
2-1
9
H.
Kaw
asum
i R
epo
rt o
n th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e th
at
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
Occ
urr
ed o
n J
un
e 1
6,
19
64
: P
refa
ce.
2-2
0
R.
Yos
hiya
ma
On
the M
agn
itu
de
of
the N
iig
ata
Eart
h-
1964
N
iig
ata
E
xp.
Mea
s.
qu
ake.
2-2
1
Aft
ersh
ock
T
he F
irst
Rep
ort
on
th
e O
bse
rvat
ion
of
19
64
N
iig
ata
A
fter
sho
ck
Ob
serv
atio
n
Aft
ersh
ock
s F
oll
ow
ing
th
e N
iig
ata
P
art
y,
E.R
.I.
Ear
thq
uak
e.
2-2
2
S.
Miy
amur
a T
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d i
ts A
fter-
1964
N
iig
ata
E
xp.
Mea
s.
Aft
ersh
ock
sh
ock
s,
Ob
serv
ed i
n T
suk
ub
a.
2-2
3
E.
Shi
ma
A S
tud
y o
n t
he G
eolo
gic
al S
tru
ctu
re a
t 19
64
Nii
gata
E
Xp.
M
eas.
A
fter
sho
ck
Lon
g.
13
9°E
. E
ffecte
d b
y A
fter
sho
cks
of
The
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
I ,;:.
0'1
2-2
4
S.
Nag
umo
A G
ener
al R
epo
rt o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Eart
h-
1964
N
iig
ata
S
rvy
. R
ep.
I q
uak
e:
the S
urv
ey o
f th
e S
eism
ic R
egio
n.
2-2
5
R.
Yam
aguc
hi
A G
ener
al R
epo
rt o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Eart
h-
1964
N
iig
ata
S
rvy
. R
ep.
quak
e.
2-2
6
K.
Mog
i A
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
1964
N
iig
ata
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Grn
d.
Def
. G
roun
d D
efo
rmat
ion
alo
ng
th
e C
oas
t b
etw
een
Mur
akam
i an
d K
amo.
2-2
7
T.
Yuk
i tak
e
A R
epo
rt o
n t
he V
ari
ati
on
of
the E
art
h's
19
64
Nii
gata
C
ur.
& M
ag.
Mag
neti
sm F
oll
ow
ing
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
2-2
8
I.
Aid
a T
suna
mi
Fo
llo
win
g t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1964
N
iig
ata
T
suna
mi
2-2
9
A.
Oka
da
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t in
th
e N
ort
her
n P
art
of
1964
N
iig
ata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Nii
gata
-ken
.
I "'" -..J I
No.
2-3
0
2-3
1
2-3
2
2-3
3
2-3
4
2-3
5
2-3
6
2-3
7
2-3
8
2-3
9
Au
tho
r
R.
Mo
rim
oto
I.
Mu
rai
K.
Nak
amur
a
T.
Mat
sud
a
K.
Kas
ahar
a
K.
Kan
ai
K.
Kan
ai
Y.
Ohs
awa
S.
Kom
aki
Y.
Hag
iwar
a
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
A G
eo
log
ical
Stu
dy
of
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
64
N
iig
ata
Geo
log
ical
Str
uctu
res
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
4
Nii
gata
P
lain
: M
ain
ly t
he R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
G
rou
nd
Def
orm
atio
n a
nd
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e.
Gro
un
d D
efo
rmat
ion
in
Aw
ashi
ma
Resu
ltin
g
19
64
N
iig
ata
fr
om
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
The
Geo
log
ical
Featu
res
of
Aw
ashi
ma
19
64
N
iig
ata
R
ela
tin
g t
o th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Gro
un
d M
ovem
ent
Fo
llo
win
g U
ph
eav
al o
f o
f A
was
him
a:
Co
nti
nu
ou
s O
bse
rvati
on
o
f T
idal
Lev
el.
Rec
ord
of
Str
on
g M
oti
on
of
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Pro
mp
t R
epo
rt o
n A
fters
ho
ck
s an
d M
icro
tr
em
ors
O
bse
rved
in
Nii
gata
-sh
i.
A G
en
era
l R
epo
rt
on
Bu
ild
ing
Dam
age
Re
su
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e O
bse
rved
at
Sh
ow
aoh
ash
i an
d a
t Y
ach
iyo
bas
hi
and
th
eir
Co
mp
aris
ion
.
A R
epo
rt o
n S
eism
ic
Dam
age
Ob
serv
ed a
t S
hio
ya,
Kam
bay
ash
i-m
ura
, Iw
afu
ne-
gu
n,
Nii
gata
-ken
.
19
64
N
iig
ata
19
64
N
iig
ata
19
64
N
iig
ata
19
64
N
iig
ata
19
64
N
iig
ata
19
64
N
iig
ata
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Grn
d.
Def
. D
amag
e
Grn
d.
Def
.
Geo
log
y
Tid
al
Chg
e S
ub
. &
Uph
.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
G
rou
nd
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Dam
age
I ~
CP
I
No.
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
-
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9
3-1
9
3.
JOU
RN
AL
OF
THE
SEIS
MO
LOG
ICA
L SO
CIE
TY
OF
.JAPA
N
Au
tho
r
A.
Imam
ura
K.
Kaw
asum
i
N.
Nas
u
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
A.
Imam
ura
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
H.
Imam
ura
Imam
ura
Off
ice,
E.R
.I.
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
On
the
Oga
-Kan
puhz
an E
arth
qu
ake
of
18
10
. 1
92
9
Oga
A
Stu
dy
on
th
e T
rav
el
Tim
e C
urv
e o
f th
e
19
29
C
hib
a E
arth
qu
ake
in C
hib
a-k
en o
n M
ay
21
, 1
92
8:
Mai
nly
, V
elo
cit
y o
f th
e P
-wav
e.
Sag
amig
awa
Riv
er w
hic
h r
ep
ort
ed
ly h
ad B
ot-
19
29
K
anto
to
m D
efo
rmat
ion
Fo
llo
win
g t
he K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
The
S
eism
ic M
oti
on
Ob
serv
ed i
n
Fo
reig
n
Co
un
trie
s F
oll
ow
ing
th
e T
ango
Eart
h
~uake,
Mar
ch 7
, 1
92
7.
1929
T
ango
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e G
reat
Kan
to
19
29
K
anto
E
arth
qu
ake
wit
h M
ult
i-H
yp
oce
nte
rs a
nd
th
e
Fau
lts
Rela
tin
g t
o it
.
On
Elo
ng
ati
on
of
the E
nm
eiji
Fau
lt t
o t
he
19
29
K
anto
E
ast
.
Gen
.
Exp
•. M
eas.
Grn
d.
Def
.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Fau
lt
Fau
lt
The
C
ause
of
the S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Kii
1
92
9
Nar
a-M
inam
iCau
se
on
Ju
ly
4,
19
29
an
d t
he
Til
t b
efo
re th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
To
po
gra
ph
ical
Vari
ati
on
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
19
30
H
oei
E
arth
qu
ake
that
Occ
urr
ed o
ff N
ank
aid
o in
1
70
7.
On
the S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e M
oti
on
in
th
e
19
30
A
rita
gaw
a A
rea
Alo
ng
th
e L
ower
Ari
tag
awa
on
Nov
. 2
0,
19
29
.
Fir
st
Rep
ort
on
th
e It
o E
arth
qu
ake.
19
30
Ito
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Gen
.
Gen
.
No
tes
Cau
se
Til
t
I ~
1.0 I
NO
.
3-1
1
3-1
2
3-1
3
3-1
4
3-1
5
3-1
6
3-1
7
3-1
8
3-1
9
3-2
0
3-2
1
3-2
2
3-2
3
Au
tho
r
Imam
ura
Off
ice,
E.R
.I.
N.
Nas
u
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
T.
Ko
dai
ra
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
K.
Mus
ha
S.
Nis
him
ura
A.
Imam
ura
T.
Ko
dai
ra
T.
Sh
imat
ani
K.
Mus
ha
A.
Imam
ura
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Sec
on
d R
epo
rt o
n t
he It
o E
arth
qu
ake
1930
It
o
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f th
e I
to E
arth
qu
ake
1930
It
o
The
It
o E
arth
qu
ake
Ob
serv
ed a
t M
isak
i,
1930
It
o
Co
nti
nu
ed.
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he Iz
u E
arth
qu
ake
19
30
Iz
u
A S
tud
y o
n t
he K
lta-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e fr
om
19
31
Izu
th
e V
iew
po
int
of
Inst
rum
en
tati
on
En
gin
er-
ing
. B
lock
Mov
emen
t F
oll
ow
ing
th
e G
reat
Kan
to
1931
K
anto
E
arth
qu
ake
and
its
Su
bse
qu
ent
Pro
cess
.
Dat
a on
Pre
cu
rso
ry P
hen
om
ena-
of
the E
do
Ear
thq
uak
e in
18
55
.
Imp
ress
ion
s o
f F
lash
es
of
Lig
htn
ing
O
bse
rved
whe
n S
ever
e S
eism
ic M
oti
on
w
as E
xp
erie
nce
d i
n S
uru
ga,
Iz
u a
nd
Sho
nan
in N
ovem
ber,
1
93
0.
1931
E
do
1931
Iz
u
Gen
.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Gen
.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Eq
ke.
S
gn
s.
Lig
htn
ing
Blo
ck M
ovem
ent
Whe
n T
okyo
Ex
per
ien
ced
a
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
on
May
2
1,
1928
an
d
befo
re i
t:
Fau
lt R
un
nin
g t
hro
ug
h T
okyo
.
1931
C
hib
a C
rst.
M
vmt.
On
the S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e N
ort
h o
f H
iro
shim
a-k
en o
n D
ec.
20
, 1
93
0.
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
in t
he T
ohok
u D
is
tric
t on
Mar
ch 9
, 1
93
1.
One
th
e
Ise-
Oh
mi
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 18
19
19
31
H
iro
shim
a-G
en.
Kit
a
1931
A
om
ori
-ok
i D
amag
e
1931
O
hm
i-Is
e G
en.
To
po
gra
ph
ical
Mov
emen
t d
uri
ng
an
d b
efo
re
1931
H
aned
a th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e o
bse
rved
at
Han
eda
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
on A
ug
ust
3
, 1
92
6.
No
tes
Gen
.
Min
o
Or ~
I
No.
3-2
4
3-2
5
3-2
6
3-2
7
3-2
8
3-2
9
3-3
0
3-3
1
3-3
2
3-3
3
3-3
4
3-3
5
Au
tho
r
T.
Sh
imat
ani
N.
Nas
u
A.
Imam
ura
K.
Mus
ha
T.
Sait
a
N.
Nas
u
N.
Nas
u
K.
Mus
ha
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
T.
Su
zuk
i
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
Y.
Kat
o
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
The
E
arth
qu
ake
in N
ort
h K
anto
o
n S
ep
t. 2
1,
19
31
N
ish
i-G
en.
19
31
. sa
itam
a
A G
ener
al
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Sai
tam
a E
art
h
qu
ake.
Seic
he in
Lak
e A
shin
ok
o R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Lig
htn
ing
F
oll
ow
ing
th
e M
inam
i-H
yuga
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Eff
ect
of
Ase
ism
ic S
tru
ctu
re fo
r th
e
Izu
E
art
hq
uak
e.
A R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
sun
ami
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
San
rik
u E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
93
3
(Part
1).
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
San
rik
u E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
2
).
The
S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami
Fo
llo
win
g th
e
San
rik
u E
arth
qu
ake
in
19
33
(P
art
3
) .
19
31
N
ish
i-G
en.
Sai
tam
a
19
32
Iz
u
Seic
he
19
32
H
yu
ga-
nad
a L
igh
tnin
g
(19
31
)
19
32
Iz
u
Bu
i1.
Dam
.
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
) 1
93
3
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
Gen
.
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Su
rvey
of
the D
istr
icts
1
93
3
No t
o
Srv
y.
Rep
. D
amag
ed b
y t
he
Not
o E
art
hq
uak
e,
Sep
t.
21
, 1
93
3.
On
the
San
rik
u T
suna
mi
in
19
33
. 1
93
3
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i (1
93
3)
No
tes
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Ear
thq
uak
e V
olc
anic
Acti
vit
y a
nd
th
e
Vari
ati
on
of
the G
eom
agn
etic
F
ield
: 1
93
3
San
rik
u
(19
33
) C
ur.
& M
ag.
Vo
lcan
o
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Vari
ati
on
of
Geo
mag
net
ism
du
e to
th
e
San
rik
u E
art
hq
uak
e.
i 111
I-'
I
No.
3-3
6
3-3
7
3-3
8
3-3
9
3-4
0
3-4
1
3-4
2
3-4
3
Au
tho
r
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
A.
Imam
ura
K.
Fu
ku
tom
i
H.
Tsu
ya
H.
Kaw
asum
i
Y.
Kat
o
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Vo
lcan
ic A
cti
vit
y,
and
th
e
19
34
O
ku
Mak
ayam
a V
ari
ati
on
of
the G
eom
agne
tic
Fie
ld:
Swar
m E
arth
qu
akes
an
d L
oca
l V
ari
ati
on
of
Geo
mag
neti
sm i
n O
kuna
kaya
ma
Dis
tric
ts,
Iwat
e-k
en.
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Vo
lcan
ic A
cti
vit
y,
and
th
e
19
34
N
ohbi
(1
89
1)
Vari
ati
on
of
the G
eom
agne
tic
Fie
ld:
Vari
ati
on
of
Geo
mag
neti
sm F
oll
ow
ing
th
e
Noh
bi E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
89
1.
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Vo
lcan
ic A
cti
vit
y,
and
th
e
19
34
T
ohka
mac
hi
Vari
ati
on
of
the G
eom
agne
tic
Fie
ld:
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
in a
nd
aro
un
d K
awag
uchi
an
d U
shig
aku
ki,
N
iig
ata-
ken
an
d L
oca
l V
ari
ati
on
s o
f G
eom
agne
tism
.
Dam
age
to W
ater
Su
pp
ly P
ipes
Resu
ltin
g
fro
m
the E
arth
qu
ake.
The
pre
lim
inary
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ign
s o
f U
ph
eav
al i
n t
he S
ou
th
Co
ast
of
Izu
.
19
34
S
anri
ku
19
34
T
oh
kai
do
On
"Kad
en
Fau
lt"
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
Sev
ere
19
34
Iz
u
Ear
thq
uak
e in
No
rth
Izu
.
Fir
st
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
that
Oc
'cu
rred
in
th
e N
ort
h o
f N
iho
n-k
ai
(th
e
Sea
of
Jap
an)
on F
eb.
20
, 1
93
1.
19
34
N
iho
nk
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Vo
lcan
ic A
cti
vit
y,
and
th
e
19
34
S
anri
ku
V
ari
ati
on
of
the G
eom
agne
tic
Fie
ld:
(19
33
) (P
art
rl:
Vari
ati
on
of
Geo
mag
neti
sm
Fo
llo
win
g t
he S
anri
ku
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
93
3
(II)
).
Cu
r. &
Mag
.
Cu
r. &
Mag
.
Cu
r. &
Mag
.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Vo
lcan
o
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Vo
lcan
o
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Vo
lcan
o
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Su
b.
& U
ph.
To
hn
ank
ai
( 1
60
5)
Fau
lt
Gen
.
An
sei,
K
anto
, et
ale
Cu
r. &
Mag
. V
olc
ano
E
qk
e.
Act
.
I U1
I\) I
No.
3-4
4
3-4
5
3-4
6
3-4
7
3-4
8
3-4
9
3-5
0
3-5
1
Au
tho
r
A.
Imam
ura
Y.
Kat
o
A.
Imam
ura
Y.
Kat
o
R.
Yos
hiya
ma
Y.
Kat
o
S.
Om
ote
T.
Mat
sud
a
Tit
le
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t d
ue
to th
e K
isak
ata
E
arth
qu
ake,
1
80
4,
and
th
at
du
e to
th
e
Sak
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e,
18
94
, D
erv
ied
fro
m
Pre
cis
e L
evel
ing
bet
wee
n A
kit
a an
d
Sh
ibata
.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
1935
K
isak
ata
C
ur.
& M
ag. S
ho
hn
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Vo
lcan
ic A
cti
vit
y,
and
th
e
1935
Iz
u
Cu
r. &
Mag
. V
olc
ano
E
qk
e.
Act
. V
ari
ati
on
of
the G
eom
agn
etic
Fie
ld
(Part
1
3:
To
po
gra
ph
ical
Mov
emen
t an
d G
eom
agn
etic
V
ari
ati
on
Fb
llo
win
g t
he K
ita-I
zu
~arth-
qu
ake
in 1
93
0.
My
Pers
on
al
Vie
ws
on
th
e S
hiz
uo
kaE
art
h
qu
ake.
E
arth
qu
ake,
V
olc
anic
Acti
vit
y a
nd
th
e
Vari
ati
on
of
the G
eom
agn
etic
Fie
ld
(Part
14
: T
op
og
rap
hic
al M
ovem
ent
and
G
eom
agn
etic
Vari
ati
on
Fo~lowing
the
San
rik
u E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
93
3).
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e:
ov
ert
urn
ing
an
d M
ovem
ent
of
To
mb
sto
nes
.
1935
·· '.
Sh
izu
ok
a (1
935)
19
35
San
rik
u
(193
3)
1935
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Vo
lcan
ic A
cti
vit
y a
nd
th
e
1935
S
ho
hn
ai
Vari
ati
on
of
Geo
mag
net
ic F
ield
. (P
art
15
: T
op
og
rap
hic
al M
ovem
ent
and
Geo
mag
net
ic
Vari
ati
on
Fo
llo
win
g t
he S
akat
a E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
89
4).
Rep
ort
on
Var
iou
s D
amag
es
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
Sh
izu
ok
a E
arth
qu
ake,
Ju
ly 1
1,
19
35
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
urv
ey o
f th
e S
eism
ic
Dis
tric
ts o
f th
e S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1935
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
1935
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
Gen
.
Cu
r. &
Mag
. V
olc
ano
E
qk
e.
Act
.
Dam
age
Cu
r. &
Mag
. V
olc
ano
E
qk
e.
Act
.
Dam
age
Srv
y.
Rep
.
I U1
W I
No.
3-5
2
3-5
3
3-5
4
3-5
5
3-5
6
3-5
7
3-5
8
3-5
9
3-6
0
3-6
1
3-6
2
Au
tho
r
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
K.
Fu
ku
tom
i
A.
Imam
ura
N.
Nas
u
R.
Yos
hiya
ma
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
T.
Su
zuk
i
Tit
le
My
Pers
on
al
Op
inio
n o
n E
arth
qu
akes
(P
art
27
: B
ig-M
ovem
ent
of
Ho
use
s d
ue
to
the T
ango
Eart
hq
uak
e).
Mr.
F
uk
uto
mi'
s R
epo
rt o
n t
he H
eig
hts
of
Tsu
nam
is th
at
Hit
Shi
mod
a in
Izu
.
Sig
ns
of
Gro
und
Up
hea
val
du
e to
th
e
the E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he O
uu D
istr
icts
.
Ano
rmal
Wat
er L
evel
of
Ho
t S
pri
ng
s at
Ren
daij
i in
So
uth
Izu
Pre
ced
ing
an
d
Fo
llo
win
g t
he S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e,
July
1
1,
19
35
.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1935
T
ango
1935
H
oei
(1
704)
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
No
tes
Bu
i!.
Dam
.
Gen
rok
u,
An
sei,
K
anto
1935
K
isak
ata
S
ub
. &
Uph
. H
oei
, A
jik
azaw
a
1935
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
Grn
d.
Wtr
.
Gro
und
Mov
emen
t F
oll
ow
ing
th
e N
osh
iro
1
93
6
No
shir
o
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.H
oei
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 19
64 a
nd
th
at
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
Ho
ei
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
70
4.
On
the A
fter
sho
cks
foll
ow
ing
th
e T
aiw
an
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
93
5.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in K
awac
hi
and
Y
amat
o o
n F
eb.
21
, 1
93
6.
On
the
Izu
-Oh
shim
a E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
905
The
C
urr
en
t S
tate
of
Rec
ov
ery
in
San
rik
u
Co
ast
and
of
Facil
itie
s A
gain
st T
sun
ami.
Tra
ces
of
Gro
und
Up
hea
val
O
bse
rved
in
K
ush
imo
to.
Sei
che
Ob
serv
ed i
n
Lak
e A
shin
ok
o F
oll
ow
in
g t
he K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f N
ov.
26
, 1
93
0.
1936
T
aiw
an
(193
5)
1936
K
awac
hi
Yam
ato
1936
O
shim
a
1936
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1936
A
nse
i H
oei
1936
Iz
u
Aft
ersh
ock
Gen
.
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
Su
b.
&U
ph.
Sei
che
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
3-6
3
T.
Mat
suza
wa
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
that
Occ
urr
ed o
n
1936
E
xp
. M
eas.
M
arch
18
, 1
93
4.
3-6
4
T.
Sait
a
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e
Dam
age
1936
K
O-N
o G
roun
d D
amag
e C
ause
d b
y t
he K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake,
1
90
9,
and
th
e
Gro
und
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ics.
3-6
5
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e T
he D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
ns
1936
Iz
u
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
b.e
fore
an
d a
fter
the Iz
u E
arth
qu
ake
in
19
30
.
3-6
6
T.
Su
zuk
i M
y Im
pre
ssio
ns
of
"On
the
Osc
illa
tio
n o
f 19
37
Kan
to
Sei
che
Tok
yo B
ay R
esu
ltin
g
fro
m t
he G
reat
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e in
1
92
3"
by
Mr.
H
iro
no
.
3-6
7
S.
Hae
no
The
D
isp
lace
men
t o
f S
imp
le-F
igu
red
19
37
Nii
jim
a
Oth
ers
I
Bo
die
s d
ue
to th
e N
iiji
ma E
arth
qu
ake.
\J
1 ..,. I
3-6
8
S.
Nak
amur
a Sw
arm
Ear
thq
uak
es th
at
Occ
urr
ed i
n a
nd
19
37
Osa
riza
wa
Gen
. ar
ou
nd
Osa
riza
wa-
mac
hi.
and
Han
awa-
mac
hi,
A
kit
a-k
en
, in
No
v.,
1
93
6.
3-6
9
T.
Su
zuk
i A
n A
naly
sis
of
the S
eic
he O
bse
rved
in
19
37
Izu
S
eic
he
Lak
e A
shin
ok
o F
oll
ow
ing
th
e K
ita-I
zu
E
arth
qu
ake
in
1930
(P
art
1).
3-7
0
R.
Yos
hiya
ma
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Kaw
achi
an
d
1937
K
awac
hi -
Gen
. Y
amat
o o
n F
eb.
21
, 1
93
6.
Yam
ato
3-7
1
T.
Su
zuk
i A
naly
sis
of
the
Seic
he O
bse
rved
in
Lak
e 19
37
Izu
S
eic
he
Ash
ino
ko
F
oll
ow
ing
th
e K
ita-I
zu
Eart
h-
qu
ake
in 1
930
(Part
2
).
3-7
2
H.
Tsu
ya
Fau
lt i
n
Mid
ori
an
d G
eolo
gic
al
1937
N
ohbi
F
au
lt
Geo
log
y
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ics
there
aro
un
d.
(189
1)
I U1
U1 I
No.
3-7
3
3-7
4
3-7
5
3-7
6
3-7
7
3-7
8
3-7
9
3-8
0
3-8
1
3-8
2
3-8
3
Au
tho
r
K.
Fu
ku
tom
i
H.
Kaw
asum
i
Sec
. o
f P
ub
1.
Wor
ks,
Wak
ayam
ak
en
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
K.
Iid
a
H.
Tsu
ya
Y.
Kat
o
A.
Imam
ura
Hay
akaw
a
A.
Imam
ura
Y.
Oh
tsu
ka
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Sig
n o
f U
ph
eav
al O
bse
rved
in
Nii
jim
a
1938
G
enro
ku
Su
b.
& U
ph.
and
Sh
ikin
eji
ma,
Izu
.
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
that
Occ
urr
ed o
ff
1938
T
anab
e-w
an
Gen
. M
isak
i in
Wak
ayam
a-ke
n o
n J
an
. 1
2,
19
38
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Tsu
nam
is th
at
Occ
urr
ed i
n
Wak
ayam
a-ke
n d
uri
ng
th
e
Hoe
i E
ra a
nd
th
e A
nse
i E
ra.
.
Sp
ecia
l R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
that
Occ
urr
ed o
ff I
wak
i o
n M
ay
23
, 1
93
8.
1938
H
oei
A
nse
i
1938
Iw
aki-
ok
i
The
D
amag
e in
an
d a
rou
nd
In
awas
hir
o-m
ach
i 19
38
Fu
ku
shim
a-k
en,
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Iwak
i-Iw
aki-
ok
i
oki
Ear
thq
uak
e,
May
2
3,
19
38
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e K
uss
har
o
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n
1938
K
uss
har
o
May
2
9,
19
38
.
On
the S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
19
38
Ku
ssh
aro
o
n t
he Sh~re o
f L
ake
Ku
ssh
aro
on
May
2
9,
19
38
.
The
Hei
gh
ts o
f T
sun
amis
th
at
Occ
urr
ed
in T
osa
du
rin
g t
he H
oei
Era
an
d t
he
An
sei
Era
.
The
Dam
age
to T
ombs
tone
s at
Oh
taw
ara
mac
hi
in T
och
igi-
ken
by
th
e Iw
ak
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e,
May
2
3,
19
38
.
The
S
eism
ic Z
one
of
Ryu
hkyu
an
d t
he
Mei
wa
Tsu
nam
i.
1938
H
oei
A
nse
i
1938
Iw
aki-
ok
i
1938
M
eiw
a
The
C
urr
en
t S
tate
of
Kaw
afun
e F
au
lt
1938
R
iku-
U
Ass
ocia
ted
wit
h t
he R
iku-
U E
arth
qu
ake
in
18
96
, etc
.
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
Dam
age
Gen
.
Fau
lt
No
tes
Gen
.
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
I U1 0'1
I
No.
3-8
4
3-8
5
3-8
6
3-8
7
3-8
8
3-8
9
3-9
0
3-9
1
3-9
2
3-9
3
3-9
4
3-9
5
3-9
6
Au
tho
r
H.
Tan
akad
ate
H.
Tan
akad
ate
Y.
Kat
o
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
A.
Imam
ura
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
Y.
Kat
o
K.
Mus
ha
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
A.
Imam
ura
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
The
Ku
ssh
aro
Ear
thq
uak
e in
193
8 (P
art
1).
19
38
Ku
ssh
aro
G
en.
The
Ku
ssh
aro
Ear
thq
uak
e in
193
8 (P
art
2).
19
30
K
uss
har
o
Gen
.
On
the
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
that
Occ
urr
ed
off
Iw
aki
on
Nov
. 5
, 1
93
8.
1939
S
hio
ya-o
ki
Gen
.
On
the E
arth
qu
akes
th
at
Occ
urr
ed F
re-
1939
O
hshi
ma
qu
ent1
y in
Ohs
him
a ar
ou
nd
Ju
ne
18
, 1
93
8.
Ear
thq
uak
e A
cti
vit
ies
in th
e O
uu D
istr
ict
1939
d
uri
ng
th
e
Johk
Q
Era
.
surv
ey o
n t
he
Oga
E
arth
qu
ake
of
May
1,
19
39
.19
39
O
ga
The
Oga
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d a
T
rip
to
Mas
umi.
19
39
Oga
The
Wav
e H
eig
hts
of
the T
suna
mi
Ob
serv
ed
1939
at
Ota
nid
ori
.
The
Wav
e H
eig
ht
of
the
Tsu
nam
i O
bse
rved
1
93
9
at
Nats
ui
in 1
89
6.
On
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Oga
Pen
insu
la
1939
o
n M
ay
1,
19
39
.
San
rik
u
(161
1)
San
rik
u
(189
6)
Oga
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Phe
nom
ena
of
Lig
htn
ing
A
sso
cia
ted
wit
h
1939
T
anab
e-w
an
Lig
htn
ing
th
e O
guIi
i E
arth
qu
ake,
th
e H
iro
mis
ak
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e,
and
th
e
Iwak
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
The
T
suna
mi
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
Oga
E
arth
qu
ake
1939
O
ga
of
May
1
,19
39
.
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
on
the O
ga
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1939
O
ga
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
No
tes
Ogu
·ni,
Iw
ak
i-o
ki
J In
In
In
Kj
On
Mj
Na
Ha
Mi
Ko
Im
Im
I U1
-..J I
No.
A
uth
or
3-9
7
A.
Imam
ura
3-9
8
H.
Tan
akad
ate
3-9
9
Y.
Kat
o
3-1
00
A
. Im
amur
a
3-1
01
T
. H
agiw
ara
3-1
02
H
. T
anak
adat
e
3-1
03
K
. F
uk
uto
mi
3-1
04
A
. Im
amur
a
3-1
05
A
. Im
amur
a
3-1
06
N
. M
iyab
e
3-1
07
A
. Im
amur
a
3-1
08
A
. Im
amur
a
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Ano
mal
y sh
own
by
th
e S
ea a
nd
th
e F
ish
b
ecau
se o
f th
e O
ga
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Til
tin
g F
oll
ow
ing
th
e O
ga
Ear
thq
uak
e in
May
, 1
93
9.
1939
O
ga
1939
O
ga
The
E
arth
qu
ake
that
Occ
urr
ed i
n a
nd
19
39
Nar
uk
o-
Aro
und
Nar
uko
and
Ori
iku
bi
in S
ep
t.,
19
39
. O
nik
ub
i
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
hip
wre
ck o
f Ji
an
a-k
an
19
39
An
sei
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e T
sun
ami.
The
D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f A
fter
sho
cks
1940
O
ga
Fb
1lo
win
g t
he O
ga E
arth
qu
ake
in M
ay,
19
39
.
Til
tin
g F
oll
ow
ing
th
e O
ga E
arth
qu
ake
in M
ay,
1939
(P
art
2).
Abn
orm
al W
ater
Lev
el o
f H
ot
Sp
rin
gs
at
Renda~ji:on
So
uth
Izu
pre
ced
ing
an
d
Fo
llo
win
g t
he S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e,
July
11
, 19
35
(Part
2).
1940
O
ga
1940
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
The
Hei
gh
ts o
f th
e T
sun
amis
at
Hir
o-m
ura
19
40
Ho
ei
du
rin
g t
he H
oei
Era
an
d t
he A
nse
i E
ra.
An
sei
Com
men
ts
on
:"R
epo
rt o
n th
e S
hip
wre
ck o
f Ji
an
a-k
an
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e T
sun
ami"
. 19
40
An
sei
A B
rief
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi
that
1940
S
hako
tan
-O
ccu
rred
in
th
e N
ort
h o
f th
e S
ea o
f Ja
pan
o
ki
on
Au
gu
st 2
, 1
94
0.
The
Gre
at H
akuh
o E
arth
qu
ake.
19
41
Hak
uho
The
G
roun
d M
ovem
ent
Ass
ocia
ted
wit
h t
he
Oga
E
arth
qu
ake,
1
93
9.
1941
O
ga
Oth
ers
Til
t
Srv
y.
Rep
. E
Xp.
M
eas.
Tsu
nam
i G
en.
Aft
ersh
ock
Til
t
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i G
en
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
:mam
ura
Res
tud
yin
g th
e
Ugo
sen
Ear
thq
uak
e.
19
44
U
gose
n G
en.
.ass
i-N
ote
s .c
ati
on
:m
amur
a C
rust
al
Mov
emen
t F
oll
ow
ing
th
e
Inab
a 1
94
4
To
tto
ri
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. E
arth
qu
ake.
~n .
Ho
ei
~usha
The
T
suna
mi
in I
wam
i.
19
44
M
eiw
a T
suna
mi
.re
1u
sha
The
G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e th
at
Inb
a,
Ho
hk
i,
19
44
In
aba-
Ho
hk
i-G
en.
vy
. R
ep.
and
Mim
asak
a E
xp
erie
nce
d i
n 1
71
0.
Mim
asak
a
1u
sha
The
In
aba-
Ho
hk
i-M
imas
aka
Gre
at E
art
h-
19
44
In
ab
a-
Bu
il.
Dam
. . G
en.
!n.
qu
ake
of
17
10
an
d t
he O
zak
i's
Res
iden
ce
Ho
hk
i-in
Uno
-mur
a.
Mim
asak
a :h
ers
~usha
Sei
smic
D
amag
e up
th
e A
sah
ikaw
a R
iver.
1
94
4
To
tto
ri
Dam
age
Ho
ei,
An
sei
~v.
& T
ri.
Imam
ura
Imp
ress
ion
s o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
that
19
44
T
oh
nan
kai
G
en.
Occ
urr
ed o
ff E
nsh
u.
Fu
tam
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
ages
in
1
94
5
To
hn
ank
ai
Da.
mag
e :p
o M
eas.
A
ich
i-k
en a
nd
Sh
izu
ok
a-k
en.
Imam
ura
On
Pn
ed
icti
ve S
ign
s o
f th
e S
ever
e 1
94
5
Mik
awa
Eq
ke.
S
ign
s E
arth
qu
ake
Occ
urr
ing
in
th
e N
ort
h o
f !n
. A
tsu
mi
Bay
.
Miy
amur
a Tw
o C
hara
cte
rsit
ic G
roun
d D
efo
rmat
ion
s 1
94
5
To
hn
ahk
ai
Grn
d.
Def
. S
rvy
. R
ep.
!n.
Ob
serv
ed a
t th
e T
ime
of
the
Su
rvey
of
Dis
tric
ts D
amag
ed b
y th
e E
nsh
u-o
ki
!n.
The
K
agi
Dis
t.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
7,
19
44
.
Mus
ha
The
K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e in
1
92
3
and
Ho
t 1
94
5
Kan
to
Grn
d.
Wtr
. ~n •
T
suna
mi
Sp
rin
gs
in M
iasa
.
Imam
ura
Su
pp
lem
ent
to S
tud
y o
n th
e K
asho
1
94
5
Sh
oh
nai
G
en.
~n.
The
K
agi
Dis
t.
(Sh
on
ai)
Ear
thq
uak
e.
( 8
50
)
I 0\ .... I
No.
3-1
46
3-1
47
* 3
-14
8
* 3
-14
9
3-1
50
* 3
-15
1
* 3
-15
2
* 3
-15
3
3-1
54
3-1
55
* 3
-15
6
* 3
-15
7
Au
tho
r
E.
Yo
shin
ob
u
Y.
Kos
hika
wa
G.
Kit
azaw
a
S.
San
o
S.
Mu
rau
chi
R.
Yos
hiya
ma
S.
'rak
agi
G.
Kit
azaw
a
R.
Yos
hiya
ma
H.
Ko
bay
ash
i
S.
Miy
amot
o
S,
Miy
amot
o
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Sta
te o
f th
e T
suna
mi
on
Dec
. 7
, 19
44
Ob
serv
ed i
n Iz
u a
nd
Dis
tric
ts.
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
G
en.
Sei
smo
met
rica
l N
ote
of
the
T@
hnan
kai
1948
T
oh
nan
kai
E
xp.
Mea
s.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n D
ec.
7,
1944
{A
st
ud
y o
f U
nd
erse
a E
arth
qu
akes
(t
he F
irst
Rep
ort
).
On
the R
elat
ion
ship
bet
wee
n E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
ages
an
d t
he H
ard
nes
s o
f th
e G
roun
d.
Cru
stal
Def
orm
atio
n A
sso
cia
ted
wit
h
the O
ga E
arth
qu
ake,
1
93
9.
Stu
dy
on
the C
hang
e in
Sei
smic
A
cti
vit
ies
befo
re a
nd
Aft
er
the G
reat
E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
1).
On
the N
ank
aid
o E
arth
qu
ake
and
One
o
f it
s A
fters
ho
ck
s.
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Init
ial
Mo
tio
ns
of
the
Gre
at K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Sei
smic
In
ten
sit
ies in
D
O.w
ntow
n T
okyo
.
1948
K
anto
1948
O
ga
1949
N
ank
ai
1950
N
ank
ai
1950
K
anto
1950
K
anto
Tra
vel
-Tim
e C
urv
e o
f th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
51
Fu
ku
i in
194
8 an
d C
rust
al
Str
uctu
re.
Gro
und
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Aft
ersh
ock
Cau
se
Oth
ers
Exp
. M
eas.
Dam
age
to B
uil
din
gs
in S
ou
thern
Hok
kaid
o 19
52
To
kac
hi-
ok
i B
ui1
. D
am.
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Mar
ch 4
, 1
95
2.
On
the L
umin
ous
Phe
nom
ena
that
Acc
ompa
n-19
54
Nan
kai
ie
d t
he N
anka
ido
Ear
thq
uak
e.
New
Mon
ogra
phs
for
Est
imati
ng
Ep
icen
ter.
19
55
Fu
ku
i
Lig
htn
ing
Exp
. M
eas.
No
tes
Tsu
nam
i
Dam
age
I 0'0
IV
I
No.
3-1
58
3-1
59
3-1
60
3-1
61
3-1
62
*3-1
63
*3-1
64
*3-1
65
*3-1
66
*3-1
67
3-1
68
Au
tho
r
s. M
iyam
oto
S.
Kom
ura
S.
Kom
ura
S.
Kan
da
I.
Mur
amat
u
T.
Wad
a
H.
Mik
i
S.
Miy
amot
o
H.
Miy
osh
i
H.
Miy
osh
i
Y.
Fu
jii
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
An
om
alie
s o
f S
eism
ic W
ave
Velo
cit
y b
efo
re
1956
F
uk
ui
and
aft
er
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e:
One
w
ay
of
pre
dic
tin
g a
G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e.
A C
on
sid
era
tio
n o
n t
he M
echa
nism
o
f th
e
1957
F
uk
ui
Occ
urr
ence
of
a S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake.
A C
on
sid
era
tio
n o
n th
e M
echa
nism
of
the
Occ
urr
ence
of
a S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
(II)
.
The
E
arth
qu
ake
ahd
Acc
ompa
nyin
g T
suna
mi
wit
h E
pic
en
ter
off
Bos
o o
n O
ct.
9,
in
the F
ifth
Yea
r o
f E
npo
(16
77
).
The
M
agn
itu
de
of
the N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Oct
. 2
8,
18
91
.
1957
T
ango
1962
E
npo
1962
N
ohbi
(1
891)
So
urc
e M
echa
nism
of
the C
hil
ean
Eart
h-
1963
C
hil
ean
q
uak
e fr
om
Sp
ectr
a o
f L
on
g-P
erio
d S
urf
ace
Wav
es.
Ob
serv
atio
ns
of
Ult
ra M
icro
eart
hq
uak
es in
196
5 th
e V
icin
ity
of
the N
eo
Vall
ey
Fau
lt in
C
en
tral
Ho
nsh
u,
Jap
an •
Noh
bi
(189
1)
. !Ehe
A
nom
aly
of
Wel
ls b
efo
re th
e N
ank
aid
o
1965
N
ank
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e.
The
His
tori
cal
Facts
of
"In
amu
ra n
o H
i":
1966
A
nse
i In
Co
nn
ecti
on
wit
h th
e T
suna
mi
of
1854
(P
art
1).
The
H
isto
rical
Facts
o
f "I
nam
ura
no
Hi"
: 19
66
An
sei
In C
on
nec
tio
n w
ith
th
e
Tsu
nam
i o
f 1
85
4.
(Part
2
).
Gra
vit
y V
ari
ati
on
in
th
e
Are
a S
hak
en b
y
1966
N
iig
ata
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
16
, 1
96
4.
Sig
n
Cau
se
Cau
se
Gen
.
Exp
. M
eas.
Cau
se
Wav
e M
tn.
Izu
Sh
izu
ok
a T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Grn
d.
Wtr
. E
qk
e.
Sg
ns.
Tsu
nam
i G
en.
Tsu
nam
i G
en.
Gra
vit
y
I 0'\
W
I
No.
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-9
4-1
0
4 •
QU
1ffiT
ERI,Y
JO
UR
NA
L O
F SE
ISM
OLO
GY
Au
tho
r
H.
Sato
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
Ob
ihir
o W
eath
er
Sta
tio
n
K.
Sag
isak
a
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
S.
Kun
itom
o
H.
Sato
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
The
Gre
at
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d I
ts
Mo
tio
n R
eco
rds
Ob
serv
ed in
Sev
era
l P
laces
in th
e W
'brl
d.
Ear
thq
uak
es w
hic
h O
ccu
r in
an
d
aro
un
d T
Oky
o B
ay
•
Mec
hani
sm o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
O
ccu
rred
in
th
e S
ea o
f S
agam
i.
Th
e E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed in
an
d
aro
un
d G
ifu
on
Ju
ly 7
, 1
92
5.
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n t
he
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he E
ast
ern
Part
of
the
Str
ait
s o
f T
sug
aru
on
Feb
. 4
, 1
92
6.
19
25
K
anto
19
25
K
anto
19
25
K
anto
1925
G
ifu
-Kit
a
19
26
E
rim
o
mis
ak
i
A G
ener
al
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
1
92
6
Ob
ihir
o-
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he A
rea
un
der
th
e
Ju
ris-
ok
i d
icti
on
o
f O
bih
iro
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n
ab
ou
t 0
:30
on
Sep
t.
5,
19
26
.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
that
Occ
urr
ed in
Tok
yo
19
26
H
aned
a B
ay o
n A
ug.
3,
19
26
.
Gen
eral
Sta
tem
en
t o
n t
he
Sev
ere
Eart
h-
19
28
T
ango
q
uak
e E
xp
erie
nce
d in
Kit
a-T
ang
o.
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
eolo
gy
1
92
8
Tan
go
o
f th
e K
ita-
Tan
go
D
istr
ict.
The
S
ever
e K
ita-
Tan
go
E
arth
qu
ake:
D
ist-
19
28
T
ango
ri
bu
tio
n o
f it
s
Sei
smic
In
ten
sit
ies a
nd
D
amag
es,
and
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
Su
bte
rran
ean
Ru
mb
lin
gs.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Gen
.
Cau
se
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Geo
log
y
Gen
.
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
'rit
1e
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
4-1
1
5.
Ku
nit
om
i T
he F
au
lt e
reate
d b
y t
he K
ita-
19
28
T
ango
F
au
lt
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake.
4-1
2
T.
Ish
ikaw
a A
tmo
sph
eric
Pre
ssu
re w
hic
h m
igh
t h
ave
1928
T
ango
S
tati
sti
c
Cau
se
Cau
sed
th
e K
ita-
Tan
go
Ear
thq
uak
e.
4-1
3
K.
Wad
achi
T
he K
ita-
Tan
go
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he E
art
h-
1928
T
ango
G
en.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
qu
ake
Occ
urr
ing
Dee
p u
nd
er
Gro
un
d.
4-1
4
S.
Ku
nit
om
i S
eis
mo
log
ical
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the
19
28
T
ango
E
xp.
Mea
s.
Cau
se
Sev
ere
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f K
ita-
Tan
go
.
4-1
5
K.
Sag
isak
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he A
fters
ho
ck
s F
oll
ow
ing
1
92
8
Tan
go
Aft
ers
ho
ck
th
e K
ita-
Tan
go
Sev
ere
Ear
thq
uak
e.
4-1
6
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
T
he K
ita-
Tan
go
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d E
xp
erim
ents
1
92
8
Tan
go
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. I
on
Cra
cks
in t
he G
rou
nd
. 0'1
tI>
o I
4-1
7
S.
Ku
nit
om
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e A
rea
of
19
28
T
ango
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Sev
ere
Sei
smic
Mo
tio
n d
ue
to t
he K
ita-
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake.
4-1
8
R.
Yag
uwa
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the A
rea
Sh
aken
by
19
28
Tan
go
Srv
y.
Rep
. th
e G
reat
Kit
a-T
ang
o E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
2).
4-1
9
K.
Sek
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he A
rea
Sh
aken
by
1
92
8
Tan
go
Srv
y.
Rep
. th
e G
reat Kita~Tango ~arthquake
(Part
2).
4-2
0
M.
Mur
obus
e S
urv
ey R
epo
rt e
n th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
th
e
1928
T
ango
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Gre
at
Kit
a-T
ang
o E
arh
tqu
ake
(Part
3).
4-2
1
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the A
rea
Sha
ken
19
28
T
ango
S
rvy
. R
ep.
by
th
e K
ita-
Tan
go
Ear
thq
uak
e.
4-2
2
S.
Ku
nit
om
i S
eis
mo
log
ical
Inv
est
igati
on
on
th
e
1928
K
anto
E
Xp.
M
eas.
C
ause
G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
I (j)
l.n
I
No
.
4-2
3
4-2
4
4-2
5
4-2
6
4-2
7
4-2
8
4-2
9
4-3
0
4-3
1
4-3
2
4-3
3
Au
tho
r
R.
Hir
an
o
S.
Ham
ash
ima
K.
To
kis
ak
a
K.
Hay
ata
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
Tit
le
Dat
e E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
On
the E
art
hq
uak
e th
at
Occu
rred
in
an
d
19
28
H
an-n
o
Gen
. aro
un
d H
an-n
o,
Mu
sash
i,at
10
:21
A.M
.,
Mar
ch
23
, 1
92
8
(Rep
ort
fr
om
Kum
agay
a W
eath
er S
tati
on
).
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e th
at
Ish
ino
mak
i E
x-
19
28
M
iyag
i-o
ki
Gen
. p
eri
en
ced
on
th
e M
orn
ing
of
Au
g.
6,
19
27
.
Th
e T
rav
el-
Tim
e
Cu
rve
of
the E
art
hq
uak
e
19
28
M
iyag
i-o
ki
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
that
Occu
rred
o
ff th
e
Mo
uth
o
f th
e
Abu
kum
a R
iver.
Rep
ort
on
th
e Hyuga~nada
Eart
hq
uak
e
of
May
2
2,
19
29
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
an
d a
rou
nd
A
mak
usa
jim
a,
Ky
ush
u,o
n Ju
ne 3
, 1
92
8:
Mod
e o
f S
eis
mic
En
erg
y
Att
en
uati
on
.
19
29
H
yu
ga-
nad
a G
en.
(19
29
)
19
29
H
eij
ima
Nis
hi
Cau
se
K.
Hay
ata
R
ep
ort
on
th
e
Sag
ami
Eart
hq
uak
e th
at
Occu
rred
on
Ju
ly
27
, 1
92
9.
19
30
S
agam
i G
en.
Yok
oham
a W
eath
er
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
of
the
Are
a S
hak
en b
y
19
30
S
agam
i S
tati
on
th
e
Sag
ami
Eart
hq
uak
e,
Ju
ly
27
, 1
92
9.
Hak
od
ate
Weath
er
Gen
era
l R
ep
ort
o
n th
e A
ssh
abe-
mu
ra
19
30
A
ssh
abe
Sta
tio
n
Eart
hq
uak
e in
Hiy
ama-
gu
n o
n J
an
. 2
1,
19
29
.
Mu
rora
n W
eath
er
Sta
tio
n
Nag
ano
W
eath
er
Sta
tio
n
Fu
ku
ok
a W
eath
er
Sta
tio
n
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
wh
ich
Occu
rred
on
Ja
n.
20
, 1
92
9.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
wh
ich
Occu
rred
aro
un
d
2:0
3
on
M
arch
16
, 1
92
9,
19
30
T
oss
hu
nb
e
19
30
S
usa
ka
Th
e R
ep
ort
on
th
e
Eart
hq
uak
e in
Fu
ku
ok
a-1
93
0
Fu
ku
ok
a-k
en
on
A
ug
ust
8
, 1
92
9.
Nis
hi
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
No
tes
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
j m
m
I
No.
4-3
4
4-3
5
4-3
6
4-3
7
4-3
8
4-3
9
4-4
0
4-4
1
4-4
2
4-4
3
4-4
4
Au
tho
r T
itle
Cen
tral
Met
er-
Rep
ort
on
th
e K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e o
log
ical
Obs
erve
o
f N
ov.
26,
19
30
.
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
Dep
artm
ent
of
Wea
ther
Fo
re
cast
ing
, C
.M.O
.
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s S
urv
eyin
g t
he K
ita-I
zu
E
arth
qu
ake
(Fig
.l t
o F
ig.
96
).
Gen
eral
In
vest
igati
on
on
the K
ita-I
zu
E
arth
qu
ake.
Geo
gra
ph
ical
an
d G
eolo
gic
al F
eatu
res
of
the I
zu
Pen
insu
la.
Wea
ther
Co
nd
itio
ns
of
Dec
. 2
5,
and
26
, 1
93
0.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1930
Iz
u
Gen
.
1930
Iz
u
Srv
y.
Rep
.
1930
Iz
u
Gen
.
1930
Iz
u
1930
Iz
u
Oth
ers
No
tes
H.
Fu
chim
oto
F
req
uen
cy o
f E
arth
qu
akes
th
at
Occ
urr
ed
in N
ort
h I
zu
an
d t
he
Rat
e o
f th
e
Atm
osp
her
ic P
ress
ure
vari
ati
on
.
1930
Iz
u
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Sta
tisti
cs
Sei
smo
log
ical
D
ep
t.,
C.M
.O.
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f th
e K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dis
pla
cem
ent
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ics,
Rec
ord
ed
by
a
Sei
smo
gra
ph
.
Til
tin
g M
ovem
ent
Rec
ord
ed b
y a
S
eism
o
gra
ph
.
Lo
ng
-Per
iod
Wav
e R
eco
rded
by
a
Sei
smo
g
rap
h.
1930
Iz
u
1930
Iz
u
1930
Iz
u
1930
Iz
u
A G
ener
al
Rep
ort
on
th
e F
au
lt A
sso
ciat
ed
1930
Iz
u
wit
h t
he K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Exp
. M
eas.
Exp
. M
eas.
Til
t E
Xp.
M
eas.
Wav
e M
tn.
Exp
. M
eas.
Fau
lt
I en
-..J I
N()~
4-4
5
4-4
6
4-4
7
4-4
8
4-4
9
4-5
0
4-5
1
4-5
2
4-5
3
4-5
5
4-5
6
4-5
7
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
K.
Ho
nd
a
Rep
ort
o
n th
e
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g fr
om
th
e
19
30
Iz
u
Kit
a-I
zu
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Th
e R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e K
ita-I
zu
1
93
0
Izu
E
art
hq
uak
e a
nd
th
e S
war
m E
art
hq
uak
es
in
Ito
.
A C
om
pari
sio
n w
ith
th
e
Mo
del
E
xp
eri
men
t.
19
30
Iz
u
Lig
hte
nin
g A
sso
cia
ted
wit
h th
e E
art
hq
uak
e.1
93
0
Izu
Rep
ort
o
n th
e
Su
rvey
of
the A
rea
Sh
aken
b
y th
e K
ita-I
zu
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
urv
ey
of
the A
rea
Sh
aken
b
y th
e K
ita-I
zu
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
o
n th
e S
urv
ey
of
the A
rea
Sh
aken
b
y th
e K
ita-I
zu
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
30
Iz
u
19
30
Iz
u
19
30
Iz
u
K.
Sag
isak
a
Rep
ort
o
n th
e S
urv
ey
of
the A
rea S
hak
en
19
30
Iz
u
by
th
e
the K
ita-I
zu
Eart
hq
uak
e.
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
Rep
ort
o
n th
e S
urv
ey
of
the A
rea
Sh
aken
1
93
0
Izu
b
y th
e K
ita-I
zu
Eart
hq
uak
e.
K.
Ho
nd
a R
ep
ort
on
th
e S
urv
ey
o
f D
istr
icts
in
1
93
0
Izu
w
hic
h L
an
dsl
ides
Occu
rred
in
To
yam
a-k
en.
Cen
tral
Mete
o-
Rep
ort
on
th
e K
ita-I
zu
E
art
hq
uak
e,
Dec
. . !9
31
Iz
u
rolo
gic
a1
0b
ser.
2
6,
19
30
(P
art
2
).
S.
Ku
nit
om
i O
n th
e
Gro
un
d.W
eak
Lin
e
in
No
to
an
d th
e
Sag
ami
Bay
. 1
93
1
Izu
Dam
age
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Fau
lt
Lig
hte
nin
g
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
No
tes
Geo
log
y
I '" (X) I
No.
4-5
8
4-5
9
4-6
0
4-6
1
4-6
2
4-6
3
4-6
4
4-6
5
4-6
6
4-6
7
4-6
8
Au
tho
r
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
K.
Sag
isak
a
K.
Sag
isak
a
H.
Hon
da
H.
Hon
da
K.
Hay
ata
K.
Hay
ata
K.
Sag
isak
a
K.
Hay
ata
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Ear
thq
uak
e A
cti
vit
ies
in C
en
tral
Ho
nsh
u,
1931
Iz
u
and
th
e K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Sp
eed
of
Sei
smic
Wav
e p
rop
ag
ati
ng
1
93
1
Izu
S
hal
low
in
th
e C
rust
(P
art
1).
Sp
eed
of
Sei
smic
_Wav
e p
rop
ag
ati
ng
1
93
1
Izu
S
hal
low
in
th
e C
rust
(P
art
2).
On
Pro
pag
ati
on
Sp
eed
of
the S
eism
ic
19
31
Iz
u
Lo
ng
itu
din
al
Wav
e.
Ano
mal
y O
bse
rved
in
Pro
pag
atio
n S
pee
d
19
31
Iz
u
of
Sei
smic
Wav
es in
Jap
an.
Dis
pla
cem
ent
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ics
Rec
ord
ed
by
a
Sei
smo
gra
ph
du
rin
g t
he K
ita-I
zu
E
arth
qu
ake.
L
ocati
on
s o
f E
pic
en
ters
of
Fo
re a
nd
A
fters
ho
ck
s in
th
e K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Fo
re-
and
A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d A
tmo
sph
eric
Pre
ssu
re.
19
31
Iz
u
19
31
Iz
u
19
31
Iz
u
On
the s
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Ito
an
d
19
31
It
o
Dis
tric
ts o
n M
arch
2
2,
19
30
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e F
au
lts
Ob
serv
ed
alo
ng
1
93
1
Izu
A
tam
ikai
do
Hig
hway
, in
th
e
Tas
hir
o B
asi
n,
and
1n
:-th
e U
kih
ash
i B
asin
.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Are
a S
hak
en b
y t
he
19
31
Iz
u
Kit
a-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Fo
resh
ock
A
fter
sho
ck
Sta
tisti
cs
Fo
resh
ock
A
fters
ho
ck
Gen
.
Fau
lt
Srv
y.
Rep
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
4-6
9
S.
Ku
nit
om
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
f th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
19
31
Izu
S
rvy
. R
ep.
the K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
4-7
0
S.
Ku
nit
om
i G
ener
al S
urv
ey o
f th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
31
Nis
hi-
Gen
. in
th
e W
est
of
Sai
tam
a.
Sai
tam
a
4-7
1
S.
Ku
nit
om
i A
Stu
dy
on
th
e D
irecti
on
of
the In
itia
l 19
31
Nis
hi-
Cau
se
Mo
tio
n o
f th
e N
ish
i-S
ait
ama
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Sai
tam
a
4-7
2
H.
Hon
da
The
Mec
hani
sm o
f th
e
Sh
allo
w E
arth
qu
ake
and
l93
1
Nis
hi-
Cau
se
the W
eath
er C
on
dit
ion
s.
Sai
tam
a
4-7
3
K.
Sag
isak
a O
bse
rvat
ion
s o
f th
e N
ish
i-S
ait
ama
1931
N
ish
i-E
Xp.
M
eas.
E
arth
qu
ake.
S
aita
ma
4-7
4
Kum
agay
a W
eath
er
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e
1931
N
ish
i-G
en.
, S
tati
on
, S
aita
ma-
wes
t o
f S
aita
ma.
S
aita
ma
'" 1.0 k
en.
, 4
-75
H
. H
onda
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on
th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
th
e
1931
N
ish
i-S
rvy
. R
ep.
Nis
hi-
Sai
tam
a E
arth
qu
ake.
S
aita
ma
4-7
6
H.
Hon
da
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
th
e
1931
N
ish
i-S
rvy
. R
ep.
Nis
hi-
Sai
tam
a E
arth
qu
ake.
S
aita
ma
4-7
7
R.
Kat
o
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Str
on
gly
Sh
aken
19
31
Nis
hi-
Srv
y.
Rep
. b
y th
e N
ish
i-S
aita
ma
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Sai
tam
a
4-7
8
T.
Ish
ikaw
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
isast
er
Ob
serv
ed
1931
N
ish
i-D
amag
e in
Kum
agay
a-m
achi
. S
aita
ma
4-7
9
T.
Den
o R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e in
an
d
1931
N
ish
i-D
amag
e ar
ou
nd
Ch
ich
ibu
-mac
hi.
S
aita
ma
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
4-8
0
K.
Itam
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e s
eis
mic
Dam
ages
in
19
31
Nis
hi-
Srv
y.
Rep
. F
uk
aya-
mac
hi,
F
uji
saw
a-m
ura
, an
d
Sai
tam
a O
hy
ori
-m
ura
, O
hsa
to-g
un
.
4-8
1
T.
Ish
ikaw
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e S
eism
ic b
amag
e in
th
e 1
931
Nis
hi-
Srv
y.
Rep
. A
rea
of
Oh
sato
-gu
n a
nd
Ch
ich
ibu
-gu
n.
Sai
tam
a
4-8
2
T.
Uen
o S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e S
eism
ic A
rea
alo
ng
19
31
Nis
hi-
Srv
y.
Rep
. th
e T
one
Riv
er f
rom
Kum
agay
a-m
achi
to
S
aita
ma
Tsu
man
uma-
mac
hi.
4-8
3
S.
Oh
chi
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
On
the S
eism
ic D
amag
es
1931
N
ish
i-S
rvy
. R
ep.
in F
uk
iag
e-m
ura
, K
itaa
dac
hi-
gu
n.
Sai
tam
a
4-8
4
S.
Uch
ida
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
es
1931
N
ish
i-S
rvy
. R
ep.
, in
Fu
kai
ge-
mu
ra,
Kit
aad
ach
i-g
un
. S
aita
ma
-..J
0 , 4
-85
S
. O
hch
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt c
p t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
es
1931
N
ish
i-S
rvy
. R
ep.
in a
nd
ar
ou
nd
Ho
njo
-mac
hi
and
S
aita
ma
Kod
ama-
mac
hi in
th
e N
ort
heast
ern
Part
of
Sai
tam
a-k
en.
4-8
6
T.
Ish
ikaw
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic A
reas
19
31
Nis
hi-
Srv
y.
Rep
. D
amag
ed b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake.
S
aita
ma
4-8
7
K •.
Yo
shim
oto
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amge
fr
om
19
31
Nis
hi-
Srv
y.
Rep
. K
umag
aya-
mac
hi to
Oga
wa-
mac
hi.
Sai
tam
a
4-8
8
Y.
Kaw
amot
o S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e to
19
31
Nis
hi-
Src
y.
Rep
. th
e A
rea
alo
ng
th
e S
ou
th B
ank
of
the
Sai
tam
a T
one
Riv
er
in t
he N
ort
heast
ern
Part
of
Sai
tam
a-k
en.
4-8
9
S.
Oh
chi
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
On
the Cr~r.k at
Min
amis
hi-
1931
N
ish
i-S
rvy
. R
ep.
Grn
d.
Def
. ro
yam
a,
Ohk
awa-
mur
a, H
iki-
gu
nan
d t
he
Sai
tam
a S
ibsi
den
ce a
t K
osh
igo
e.
I -..J
I-' I
NO
.
4-9
0
4-9
1
4-9
2
4-9
3
4-9
4
4-9
5
4-9
6
4-9
7
4-9
8
4-9
9
4-1
00
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
ifi
cati
on
N
ote
s
Y.
Kaw
amot
o S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he L
an
dsl
ide a
t th
e
Hac
hin
in P
ass
, O
hta
-mu
ra,
Ch
ich
ibu
-gu
n.
1931
N
ish
iS
aita
ma
Srv
y.
Rep
. L
an
dsl
ide
T.
Ish
ikaw
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
es
Ob
serv
ed
in I
wad
ono-
yam
a,
Hik
i-g
un
. 19
31
Nis
hi
Sai
tam
a
Mae
bas
hi
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
, G
umm
ak
en.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
en
the A
rea
Sh
aken
Str
on
gly
19
31
Nis
hi
Sai
tam
a b
y
the S
ai t
ama
Ear
thq
uak
e.
K.
Sag
isak
a
On
the M
ovem
ent
of
the H
yp
oce
nte
r 19
32
Izu
ass
ocia
ted
wit
h t
he K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
M.
Tak
ehan
a O
n th
e
TO
shig
awa
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1932
T
osh
igaw
a
M.
Kit
ad
a
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e th
at
Occ
urr
ed
off
ura
ga,
Ho
kk
aid
o
on
Feb
. 1
7,
19
31
.
K.
Sag
isak
a p
rop
ag
ati
on
Sp
eed
of
the S
eism
ic W
aves
C
ause
d b
y t
he F
ore
sho
ck P
rece
din
g t
he
Kit
a-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Cen
tral
Met
eo-
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Str
on
g E
art
h-
rolo
gic
al
Obs
erve
q
uak
e,
Mar
. 3
, 19
33
and
th
e T
suna
mi
foll
ow
ing
it
.
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
H.
Hon
da
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Str
on
g E
art
h
qu
ake
and
th
e T
suna
m i
foll
ow
ing
it
.
Som
e T
ho
ug
h$
on
th
e
San
rik
u T
sun
ami.
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ics
of
the S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1932
u
rag
a-o
ki
1933
Iz
u
1933
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1933
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1933
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1933
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Exp
. M
eas.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Exp
. M
eas.
Gen
.
Gen
. T
suna
mi
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
I -.J
IV
I
No.
4-1
01
4-1
02
4-1
03
4-1
04
4-1
05
4-1
06
4-1
07
4-1
08
4-1
09
4-1
10
4-1
11
4-1
12
4-1
13
Au
tho
r
M.
Tak
ehan
a
H •.
Ho
nd
a
K.
Sek
igu
ch
i
A.
No
gu
chi
H.
Ho
nd
a
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Tit
le
On
the p
rop
ag
ati
on
Sp
eed
of
the S
eis
mic
L
on
git
ud
inal
Wav
e d
ue to
th
e S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
) E
xp
. M
eas.
Aft
ers
ho
ch
s o
f th
e S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e.1
93
3
San
rik
u
(19
33
) A
fters
ho
ck
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami
Ob
serv
ed
b
y T
idal
Gau
ge.
On
the A
rriv
al
Tim
e o
f th
e
Tsu
nam
i at
San
rik
u C
oast
.
Mea
sure
men
t o
f th
e S
an
rik
u E
art
hq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g
fro
m th
e
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i.
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Dam
age
Dep
t.
of
Wea
ther
W
eath
er
Co
nd
itio
ns
aro
un
d
Fo
recast
ing
,C.M
.O.M
arc
h 3
, 1
93
3.
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
) O
thers
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
H.
Ho
nd
a
K.
Sag
isak
a
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
Mo
rio
ka
Weath
er
Sta
tio
n
K.
Fu
ruta
te
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
M
iyag
i-k
en
. 1
93
3
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Iw
ate
-ken
. 1
93
3
Su
rvey
R
ep
ort
on
th
e C
oast
in
th
e
Oga
1
93
3
Pen
insu
la.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
o
n th
e A
reas
Dam
aged
by
1
93
3
the S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Str
on
g E
art
hq
uak
e
an
d th
e
Fo
llo
win
g T
sun
am
i,
Mar
ch 3
, 1
93
3.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Tsu
nam
i F
oll
ow
ing
th
e
19
33
S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Str
on
g E
art
hq
uak
e.
Su
rvey
R
ep
ort
of
the A
reas
Dam
aged
by
1
93
3
the S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i (K
ese
n-g
un
).
~<;. ·,
<~~~r~
1
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. R
ep.
No
tes
I .....:I
W
I
No.
4-1
14
4-1
15
4-1
16
4-1
17
4-1
18
4-1
19
4-1
20
4-1
21
4-1
22
4-1
23
4-1
24
4-1
25
Au
tho
r
K.
Ku
bo
ta
Y.
Tsu
ji
S.
Nin
omiy
a
S.
Sek
i
M.
Kan
azaw
a
M.
Kan
azaw
a
Mo
rio
ka
Wea
ther
sta
tio
n
Ish
ino
mak
i W
eath
er S
tati
on
"
Aom
ori
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
Aom
ori
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
M.
Kit
ada
Tit
le
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
oas
t at
Kes
en-g
un
D
amag
ed b
y t
he S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Dam
aged
by
th
e
San
rik
u-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e:;
Obs
erve
d. in
an
d a
rou
nd
Yam
aga-
mac
hi
and
T
aoi-
mu
ra.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
istr
icts
Dam
aged
b
y t
he S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed
by
th
e S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
A S
urv
ey R
epo
rt.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
Iw
ate-
ken
R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
urv
ey o
f D
amag
e in
Miy
agi-
ken
by
th
e·S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
0 n
Sak
amo
to,
Ara
ham
a,
and
M
ikam
i A
reas
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi
of
Mar
ch 3
, 1
93
3.
(Part
1).
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi
of
Mar
ch
3,
19
33
.
The
San
rik
u-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he
Fo
llo
win
g T
sun
ami,
O
bse
rved
at
Eri
mo
m
isak
i,
Ho
kk
aid
o.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1933
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. R
ep.
No
tes
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Srv
y.
Rep
. T
sun
ami
1933
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1933
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1933
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
1933
S
an
rik
u
(193
3 )
1933
G
en.
Tsu
. D
am.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nmai
Tsu
nam
i
I '.I "'" I
No.
4-1
26
4-1
27
4-1
28
4-1
29
4-1
30
4-1
31
4-1
32
4-1
33
4-1
34
4-1
35
4-1
36
4-1
37
4-1
38
Au
tho
r
Mit
o W
eath
er
sta
tio
n
Tsu
ku
bas
an
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n
Kan
agaw
a-ke
n W
eath
er S
tati
on
Kan
agaw
a-ke
n W
eath
er S
tati
on
Osa
ka
Mar
ine
Tra
din
g C
o.
Nak
ai B
ran
qh
of
Kar
akuw
amur
a E
lem
enta
ry S
ch.
B.
Kan
eko
E.
Oh
ara
Min
istr
y o
f A
gr.
an
d F
ore
stry
Miy
ako
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
Cen
tral
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
K.
Sag
isak
a
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Tsu
nmai
in
lb
ara
gi-
ken
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Lig
htn
ing
P
heno
men
on.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e in
K
anag
awa-
ken
.
Rep
ort
on
L
i9b
tnin
g-l
ike F
lash
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eaq
uak
e O
bse
rved
fro
m
abo
ard
Mo
nte
vid
eo-m
aru
.
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
Big
Sto
ne
Bro
ug
ht
to T
aki-
ham
a at
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
) K
arak
uw
a-m
ura
, M
oto
yo
shi-
gu
n b
y t
he T
sun
ami.
Rep
ort
on
Sea
qu
akes
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e L
igh
tnin
g
phen
omen
a
Cha
nge
in W
ell
Wat
er L
evel
befo
re a
nd
aft
er
Tsu
nam
is.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eaq
uak
e O
bse
rved
fro
m
abo
ard
th
e U
rop
-mar
u.
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
) 1
93
3
San
rik
u
(19
33
) 1
93
3
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
19
33
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi
of
Jun
e 1
5,
19
33
1
89
6.
San
rik
u
(19
33
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Sep
t.
21
, 1
93
3
No
to
19
33
.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Str
on
gly
Sh
aken
19
33
N
o to
b
y t
he N
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Tsu
nam
i
Lig
htn
ing
Dam
age
Lig
htn
ing
Oce
an E
qk
e.
Tsu
nam
i
Oce
an E
qk
e.
Lig
htn
ing
Grn
d.
Wtr
.
Oce
an E
qk
e.
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
No
tes
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
I -...J
U1 I
~-.
4-1
39
4-1
40
4-1
41
4-1
42
4-1
43
4-1
44
4-1
45
4-1
46
4-1
47
4-1
48
4-1
49
4-1
50
}\n
t..i
j'ft
r
Waj
ima
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
K.
Sag
isak
a
H.
Hon
da
H.
Fu
chim
oto
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Cen
tral
Met
. O
bse
rvat
ory
.
A.
Shi
mam
ura
Cen
tral
Met
. O
bse
rvat
ory
K.
Wad
achi
M.
Tak
ehar
a
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the A
reas
S
hak
en b
y
the N
oto
Ear
htq
uak
e.
On
the S
eism
ic M
echa
nism
of
the S
an
rik
u
ok
i E
arth
qu
ake,
M
ar.
3,
1933
an
d i
ts
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s.
1933
N
oto
1934
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Cau
se
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Gif
u-
1934
G
ifu
-Yaw
ata
Gen
. k
en o
n A
ug.
18
, 1
93
4.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Gif
u-
1934
G
ifu
-Yaw
ata
Gen
. k
en o
n A
ug.
18
, 1
93
4.
Gen
eral
S
urv
ey o
f M
easu
rem
ent
of
the
Sh
izu
ok
a E
arth
qu
ake,
Ju
ly,
11
, 1
93
5.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
in S
hiz
uo
ka.
1935
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
1935
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Str
on
gly
Sh
aken
19
35
by
th
e S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Sh
izu
ok
a (1
935)
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the
Are
a S
tro
ng
ly S
hak
en 1
935
by
th
e S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Sh
izu
ok
a (1
935)
Rep
ort
on
th
e K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o S
tro
ng
E
arth
qu
ake,
F
eb.
21
, 1
93
6.
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Mea
sure
men
ts o
f th
e K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Kaw
achi
-Yam
ato
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake.
1936
K
awac
hi
Yam
ato
19
36
K
awac
hi
Yam
ato
1936
K
awac
hi
Yam
ato
1936
K
awac
hi
Yam
ato
Exp
. M
eas.
Dam
age
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Exp
. M
eas.
Dam
age
No
tes
I -..J
0'1
I
No.
4-1
51
4-1
52
4-1
53
4-1
54
4-1
55
4-1
56
4-1
57
4-1
58
4-1
59
4-1
60
4-1
61
Au
tho
r
T.
Ish
ikaw
a
K.
Sag
isak
a
K.
Wad
ach
i
K.
Tan
al::
ashi
K.
Yam
ash
ita
K.
Wad
achi
T.
Miu
ra
K.
Hon
da
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
"
T.
Mia
ke
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
The
S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Kaw
achi
an
d
Yam
ato
, an
d E
arth
qu
akes
befo
re a
nd
aft
er
it.
19
36
K
awac
hi
Yam
ato
Ear
thq
uak
e A
cti
vit
ies i
n t
he K
ink
i D
ist
rict.
1
93
6
Kaw
achi
Y
amat
o
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the A
rea
Str
on
gly
Sh
aken
19
36
by
th
e K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o E
arth
qu
ake.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Str
on
gly
Sh
aken
1
93
6
by
th
e K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o E
arth
qu
ake.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Str
on
gly
Sh
aken
19
36
by
th
e K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o E
arth
qu
ake.
Gen
eral
Sta
tem
en
t o
n:
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
1
93
6
the
Are
a S
tro
ng
ly S
hak
en b
y t
he K
awac
hi-
Yam
ato
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Kaw
ach
iY
amat
o
Kaw
ach
iY
amat
o
Kaw
ach
iY
amat
o
Kaw
ach
iY
amat
o
Sei
smic
Mec
hani
sms
of
the I
zu
-Nii
jim
a
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
and
its
Fo
resh
ock
an
d
Aft
ers
ho
ck
.
1937
N
iiji
ma
Gen
.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Cau
se
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
of
the A
rea
Str
on
gly
Sh
aken
193
7 N
iiji
ma
Srv
y.
Rep
. b
y
the I
zu
-Nii
jim
a E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
27
, 1
93
6.
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
anab
ewan
-ok
i E
arth
-19
38
T
anab
e-w
an
Gen
. q
uak
e in
Wak
ayam
a-ke
n,
Jan
. 1
2,
19
38
.
Dam
age,
G
roun
d D
efo
rmat
ion
, 19
38
Tan
abe-
wan
G
en.
and
Oth
er P
heno
men
a R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Tan
abew
an-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Jan
. 1
2,
19
38
.
Su
rvey
R
epo
rt o
f th
e
Are
a S
tro
ng
ly S
hak
en 1
938
Tan
abe-
wan
S
rvy
. R
ep.
by
th
e T
anab
e-w
an-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e in
W
akay
am-k
en o
n J
an.
12
, 1
93
8.
No
tes
Dam
age,
G
rnd
. D
ef.
, O
ther
s
I --.J
--.J I
No_
4-1
62
4-1
63
4-1
64
4-1
65
4-1
66
4-1
67
4-1
68
4-1
69
4-1
70
4-1
71
Au
tho
r
M.
Tak
ehan
a
K.
Yan
agiy
a
Tit
le
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
of
the A
rea
Sh
aken
by
th
e S
hio
yazak
i-o
ki
(Iw
aki-
ok
i)
Eart
h
qu
ake
in F
uk
ush
ima-
ken
on
May
1
3,
19
38
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Sh
iyo
yazak
i-o
ki
(Iv
lak
i-o
ki)
E
arth
qu
ake
in F
uk
ush
ima-
ken
on
May
2
3,
19
38
.
Aiz
u B
ran
ch o
f R
epo
rt o
n t
he
Dam
age
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Fu
ku
shim
a W
eath
er th
at
Occ
urr
ed o
ff S
hio
yazak
i,
Fu
ku
shim
a O
bse
rvat
ory
-k
en o
n M
ay
23
, 1
93
8.
Y.
Has
aya
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
K.
Sag
isak
a
S.
Taj
ima
The
E
arth
qu
ake
that
Occ
urr
ed i
n a
nd
ar
ou
nd
To
hk
a-m
ach
i,
Nii
gata
-ken
, o
n O
ct.
4,
19
33
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
off
East
F
uk
ush
ima-
ken
, D
ec.
5,
19
38
an
d i
ts
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s.
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi
off
East
F
uk
ush
ima-
ken
in
Dec
, 1
93
8.
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
the S
hio
ya-o
ki
Eart
h
qu
ake
in D
ec,
19
38
.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
38
Iw
ak
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
19
38
Iw
ak
i-o
ki
Dam
age
19
38
Iw
ak
i-o
ki
Dam
age
194C
T
ohka
mac
hi
Gen
.
19
40
S
hio
ya-o
ki
19
40
S
hio
ya-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i
19
40
S
hio
ya-o
ki
Gen
.
K.
Sag
isak
a
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
of
the A
rea
Dam
aged
by
th
e
19
40
S
hio
ya-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
. E
arth
qu
ake
off
East
Fu
ku
shim
a-k
en a
nd
K.
Sag
isak
a
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
by
th
e S
ub
seq
uen
t T
sun
ami.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
an
the A
rea
Sh
aken
by
th
e
Oga
P
en
insu
la E
arth
qu
ake,
M
ay
1,
19
39
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g
fro
m th
e O
ga
Pen
insu
la E
arth
qu
ake,
M
ay
1,
19
39
.
19
40
O
ga
Srv
y.
Rep
.
19
40
O
ga
Dam
age
No
tes
Tsu
. R
ep.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
4-1
72
S
. K
adow
aki
The
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
off
So
uth
-19
41
Sh
iko
tan
G
en.
east
ern
Sh
iko
tan
Isl
an
d i
n H
ok
kai
do
, D
ecem
ber
16
, 1
93
9.
4-1
73
A
. M
asat
suk
asa
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
agan
o E
arth
qu
ake,
Ju
ly 1
5,
1942
N
agan
o S
rvy
. R
ep.
19
41
.
4-1
74
K
. T
ok
isak
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
f th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
19
42
Hy
ug
a-n
ada
Srv
y.
Rep
. H
yu
ga-
nad
a E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
19
, 1
94
1.
(194
1)
4-1
75
K
umam
oto
Wea
ther
Rep
ort
on
Kum
amot
o-ke
n w
hic
h w
as h
it b
y
1942
H
yu
ga-
nad
a G
en.
Sta
tio
n
the H
yu
ga-
nad
a E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
19
, 1
94
1.
(194
1)
4-1
76
T
. O
kabe
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he A
rea
Sh
aken
by
19
42
Hy
ug
a-n
ada
Srv
y.
Rep
. th
e H
yu
ga-
nad
a E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
19
, 1
94
1.
(194
1)
I 4
-17
7
Y.
Hon
ma
On
the H
yu
ga-
nad
a E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec ~
19
, 19
42
Hy
ug
a-n
ada
Gen
. -...
J <X
l 1
94
1.
(194
1)
I
4-1
78
F
uk
ush
ima
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
43
Taj
ima
Gen
. W
eath
er S
tati
on
in
Aiz
u a
nd
Dis
tric
ts,
Fu
ku
shim
a-k
en,
on
Aug
. 1
2,
19
43
.
4-1
79
K
. T
akag
i O
n th
e R
ail
road
Tra
ck
ben
t b
y t
he
1948
T
ott
ori
P
ub
l.
Dam
. T
ott
ori
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Sep
t.
10
, 1
94
3.
4-1
80
K
. T
akag
i O
n th
e F
au
lts
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e T
ott
ori
19
48
To
tto
ri
Fau
lt
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Sep
t.
10
, 1
94
3.
4-1
81
S
. N
ish
ige
Lig
htn
ing
P
heno
men
a O
bse
rved
on
Mar
ch
4 19
48
To
tto
ri
Lig
htn
ing
an
d
5,
1943
pre
ced
ing
th
e T
ott
ori
E
arth
qu
ake.
4-1
82
U
. In
ou
e R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
1948
U
zu
Vo
lcan
o
Grn
d.
Def
. V
olc
anic
Acti
vit
y o
f U
zu-d
ake
and
th
e
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t.
4-1
83
U
. In
ou
e O
n th
e M
ikaw
a E
arth
qu
ake,
Ja
n.
13
, 1
94
5.
1950
M
ikaw
a G
en.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
4-1
84
S
. K
anaz
awa
Mea
sure
men
t o
f th
e M
ikaw
a E
arth
qu
ake.
1
95
0
Mik
awa
Exp
. M
eas.
4-1
85
C
en
tral
Met
. G
ener
al R
epo
rt o
n t
he F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e,
19
48
F
uk
ui
Gen
. O
bse
rvat
ory
Ju
ne
28
, 1
94
8.
4-1
86
T
. H
iro
no
M
easu
rem
ent
of
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e b
y
19
48
F
uk
ui
Exp
. M
eas.
a
Sei
smo
gra
ph
.
4-1
87
H
. Y
amag
uchi
G
ener
al S
tate
men
t on
th
e S
tati
sti
cs o
f 1
94
8
Fu
ku
i D
amag
e th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age.
4-1
88
T
. O
kano
G
ener
al S
tate
men
t o
n t
he A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f 19
48
Fu
ku
i A
fters
ho
ck
th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
4-1
89
Y
. T
anak
a F
ield
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f A
fters
ho
ck
s.
1948
F
uk
ui
Aft
ers
ho
ck
I -..J
I.D
I 4
-19
0
H.
Hon
da
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
0
the G
eom
etri
cal
Feat-
19
48
F
uk
ui
Geo
log
y
Grn
d.
Def
. u
res
and
Fig
ure
s,
and
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t in
an
d a
rou
nd
Fu
ku
i.
4-1
91
J.
Su
ehir
o
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
1
94
8
Fu
ku
i S
rvy
. R
ep.
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
I).
4-1
92
K
. Y
azak
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he A
rea
Sh
aken
by
19
48
Fu
ku
i S
rvy
. R
ep.
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
2).
4-1
93
H
. H
onda
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he A
rea
Sh
aken
by
19
48
Fu
ku
i S
rvy
. R
ep.
the
Fu
ku
i E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
3).
4-1
94
N
iig
ata
Dis
tric
t S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
rt t
he
Are
a S
hak
en b
y
1948
F
uk
ui
Srv
y.
Rep
. M
ete
oro
log
ical
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Part
4).
O
bse
rvat
ory
4-1
95
T
. T
anak
a S~ey ~PQrt
On
the
Are
a S
hak
en b
y
1948
F
uk
ui
Srv
y.
Rep
. th
e F
uku1
.-Ea.rthq~ke,
(Pa.
rt 5
),
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
4-1
96
K
. S
ag is
aka
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e 1
94
8
Fu
ku
i G
en.
bas
ed o
n R
eco
rded
Pers
on
al
Ex
peri
en
ces.
4-1
97
T
. Y
umur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he
Geo
mag
net
ic In
vest
igati
on
1
94
8
Fu
ku
i C
ur.
&
Mag
. o
f th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
4-1
98
R
. Y
osh
imat
su
Eart
h C
urr
en
t V
ari
ati
on
s P
rece
din
g a
nd
1
94
8
Fu
ku
i C
ur.
&
Mag
. F
oll
ow
ing
th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
4-1
99
R
. S
him
izu
T
ilt
in L
ake
Biw
a-k
o.
1948
F
uk
ui
Til
t
4-2
00
K
. M
usha
C
hro
no
log
ical
Tab
le o
f th
e E
arth
qu
akes
19
48
Gen
. w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
in
th
e E
chiz
en D
istr
ict.
I ())
4-2
01
C
en
tral
Mete
o.~.
, R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
in T~chigi-ken
1950
Im
aic
hi
0 G
en.
I O
bse
rv.
in D
ecem
ber,
1
94
9.
4-2
02
U
. In
ou
e T
he
Ear
thq
uak
e in
To
chig
i-k
en,
Dec
. 2
6,
1950
Im
aic
hi
Gen
. 1
94
9.
4-2
03
S
eis
mo
log
ical
Mea
sure
men
t o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
by
a
19
50
Im
aic
hi
Exp
. M
eas.
D
ept.
,C.M
.O.
Sei
smo
gra
ph
.
4-2
04
u
tsu
no
miy
a T
he E
arth
qu
ake
in T
och
igi-
ken
on
19
50
Imaic
hi
Gen
. W
eath
er S
tati
on
D
ecem
ber
26
, 1
94
9.
4-2
05
H
. H
onda
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he
Are
a Sh
a_ke
n b
y
1950
Im
aic
hi
Srv
y.
Rep
. th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in T
och
igi-
ken
.
4-2
06
H
. H
onda
G
ener
al
Rep
ort
on
To
po
gra
ph
y,
Geo
log
ical
19
50
Im
aic
hi
Geo
log
y
Grn
d.
Def
. F
eatu
res
and
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t n
ear
the
Hy
po
cen
ter
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
in T
och
igi-
ken
.
4-2
07
Y
. K
ato
In
vest
igati
on
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
in
1950
Im
aich
i C
.R.
Co
l.
To
chig
i-k
en b
y
Mai
l P
oll
.
J, I-' I
No
.
4-2
08
4-2
09
*4
-21
0
*4
-21
1
*4
-21
2
*4
-21
3
*4
-21
4
4-2
15
4-2
16
4-2
17
4-2
18
4-2
19
4-2
20
4-2
21
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
K.
Mu
sha
Th
e Im
aic
hi
Eart
hq
uak
e an
d th
e E
art
h-
19
50
Im
aic
hi
Gen
. q
uak
e
Zo
ne
of
Ki n
ug
awa.
T.
Ho
nd
a R
ep
ort
o
n th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
To
ch
igi-
ken
. 1
95
0
Imaic
hi
Gen
.
T.
Hir
on
o
Fie
ld I
nv
esti
gati
on
on
th
e M
ikaw
a 1
95
1
Mik
awa
Srv
y.
Rep
. E
art
hq
uak
e o
f 1
94
5.
Ishigak~-jima
Th
e Is
hig
ak
i-ji
ma E
art
hq
uak
e o
f 1
94
7.
19
51
Is
hig
ak
i-G
en.
Weath
er
Sta
tio
n
jim
a
T.
Nak
aji
ma
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Kum
anog
awa
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
52
K
uman
ogaw
a S
rvy
. R
ep.
Uen
o
Ob
serv
.
K.
To
mat
su
Cen
tral
Met
eo.
Ob
serv
.
U.
Ino
ue
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
~ S
eis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Co
llap
se o
f th
e B
ank
of
Nis
hin
oii
ke P
oo
l.
19
52
K
uman
ogaw
a P
ub
l.
Dam
.
Ep
icen
ter
of
the F
uk
ui
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
52
F
uku
i E
xp
. M
eas.
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e,
19
53
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Gen
. M
arch
, 1
95
2.
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
. 1
95
3
To
kach
i-o
ki
Gen
.
Th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e
Ob
serv
ed
at
19
53
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
the C
en
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry.
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
of
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s F
oll
ow
ing
1
95
3
To
kach
i-o
ki
Aft
ers
ho
ck
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
of
the E
art
hq
uak
e
Dam
age.
1
95
3
To
kach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
Ab
ash
iri
Weath
er
Su
rvey
R
ep
ort
om
H
ok
kai
do
: B
y A
bash
iri
19
53
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
. S
tati
on
an
d
Nem
uro
Weath
er
Sta
tio
ns.
Ku
shir
o W
eath
er
Sta
tio
n
Su
rvey
R
ep
ort
On
Ho
kk
aid
o:
By
Ku
shir
o
Weath
er
Sta
tio
n.
19
53
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
No
tes
Tsu
. D
am.
I 00
I\J
1
No.
4-2
22
4-2
23
4-2
24
4-2
25
4-2
26
4-2
27
4-2
28
4-2
29
4-2
30
4-2
31
Au
tho
r T
itle
Ob
ihir
o W
eath
er
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Ho
kk
aid
o:
The
Sei
smic
S
tati
on
A
reas
bet
wee
n U
raho
an
d O
hts
u b
y t
he
To
kac
hi
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
No
tes
Sap
po
ro D
istr
ict
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Ho
kk
aiso
: T
he
Sei
smic
19
53
To
kac
hi-
ok
i S
rvy
. R
ep.
Tsu
. D
am.
Met
. O
bse
rve
Are
a b
etw
een
Hir
oo
an
d O
hts
u b
y t
he
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
M
et.
Ob
serv
e
Ura
ga
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
Ura
ga
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
TO
IIli:
kom
ai
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n
Ku
tch
an M
et.
Sta
tio
n
T.
Yam
aguc
hi
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
M
et.
Ob
serv
e
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rve
To
kac
hi
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Ho
kk
aid
o:
The
S
eism
ic
Are
as b
etw
een
Hir
oo
an
d E
rim
o b
y t
he
Hid
aka
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Ho
kk
aid
o:
The
Hid
aka
Dis
tric
t (P
art
1.
Eart
hq
uak
e).
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Ho
kk
aid
o:
The
Hid
aka
Dis
tric
t (P
art
2.
Tsu
nam
i).
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
ort
Ho
kk
aid
o:
The
S
eism
ic
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
. A
reas
bet
wee
n T
om
ako
mai
-sh
i an
d M
on
bet
su
mu
ra.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
oh
Ho
kk
aid
o:
Cha
nges
in
H
ot
Sp
rin
gs
in t
he K
obuk
a A
rea
cau
sed
by
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Ho
kk
aid
o:
Su
bte
rran
ean
19
53
To
kac
hi-
ok
i S
ou
nd
R
umbl
ing
of
Lak
e A
kan
Resu
ltin
g
fro
m th
e
To
kac
hi-
ok
i E
arth
qu
ake.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Ho
kk
aid
o:
Inv
est
igati
on
19
53
To
kac
hi-
ok
i C
. R
. C
ol.
o
f th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e b
y
Mai
l P
oll
.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict:
19
53
To
kac
hi-
ok
i T
su.
Rep
. N
ort
h o
f H
ach
ino
he,
A
om
ori
-ken
.
I (X>
W
I
No.
4-2
32
4-2
33
4-2
34
4-2
35
4-2
36
4-2
37
4-2
38
4-2
39
4-2
40
4-2
41
4-2
42
*4-2
43
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
i-N
ote
s fic
ati,,
;::o.
:.::n
:...-_
_ _
Hac
hin
oh
e W
eath
er S
tati
on
Mo
rio
ka
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
Miy
ako
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rv.
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rv.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict:
B
etw
een
Hac
hin
oh
e an
d K
uji
.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
an
the S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict:
B
etw
een
P
ort
Ku
ji a
nd
Orn
oto-
mur
a.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
an
the S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict:
B
etw
een
Po
rt O
rnot
o an
d K
aro
aish
i B
ay.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
an
the S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict:
B
etw
een
Kam
aish
i an
d
Kes
en-n
uroa
.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict:
BetweenKesen~nuroaand
Ok
atsu
.
Ish
ino
roak
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict:
W
eath
er S
tati
on
B
etw
een
Tsu
kiha
roa
and
Ish
ino
roak
i.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rv.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict:
19
53
To
kac
hi-
ok
i T
su.
Rep
.
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,C
.M.O
.
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t., C
.M.O
.
K.
Mus
ha
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t., C
.M.O
.
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Co
ast
in t
he S
ou
th o
f M
iyag
i-k
en
(Shi
ogar
oa
Mik
ami
and
Ara
ham
a) •
The
T
sun
ami.
Pre
vio
us
No
tifi
cati
on
of
Tsu
nam
i.
Sei
smic
Acti
vit
ies
in H
ok
kai
do
.
Rec
ent
Sei
smic
Acti
vit
ies
in a
nd
aro
un
d
Ho
kk
aid
o.
1953
. T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
1953
G
en.
1953
G
en.
The
Dais
ho
hji
Eart
bq
uak
e o
f M
ar.
7,
19
52
. 19
53
Dais
ho
hji
G
en.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
I ex>
ol::> I
No.
*4
-24
4
*4
-24
5
*4
-24
6
*4
-24
7
4-2
48
4-2
49
4-2
50
4-2
51
4-2
52
4-2
53
4-2
54
4-2
55
*4
-25
6
Au
tho
r
I.
Yam
ash
ita
N.
Nak
ajim
a
A.
Tsu
kam
oto
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Cen
tral
Met
. O
bse
rvato
ry
U.
Ino
ue
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Ku
shir
o W
eath
er
Sta
tio
n
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
M
et.
Ob
serv
e
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C .M
.O.
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Fie
ld I
nv
esti
gati
on
s o
f th
e
Dais
ho
hji
1
95
3
Dais
ho
hji
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Eart
hq
uak
e
(Part
1).
Fie
ld In
vesti
gati
on
s o
f th
e
Dais
ho
hji
1
95
3
Dais
ho
hji
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Eart
hq
uak
e
(Part
2
).
Fie
ld I
nv
esti
gati
on
s o
f th
e
Dais
ho
hji
1
95
3
Dais
ho
hji
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Eart
hq
uak
e
(Part
3
).
Th
e Y
osh
ino
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f Ju
ly 1
8,
,19
52
. 1
95
3
Yo
shin
o
Gen
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Kam
chat
ka
Eart
hq
uak
e,
19
53
K
amch
atk
a G
en.
No
v.,
1
95
2.
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
of
the
Kam
chat
ka
Eart
h-
.19
53
K
amch
atk
a q
uak
e.
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
the E
art
hq
uak
e in
th
e
Cen
tral
Mete
ro1
og
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Kam
chat
ka
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
53
K
amch
atk
a
19
53
K
amch
atk
a
Th
e T
sun
ami
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
Kam
chat
ka
19
53
K
amch
atk
a E
art
hq
uak
e.
On
the P
red
icti
on
of
the
Tsu
nam
i.
19
53
K
amch
atk
a
Sta
te o
f th
e T
sun
ami
in th
e
U.S
.A.
19
53
K
amch
atk
a
Lis
t o
f th
e T
sun
ami
Ob
serv
ati
on
s R
esu
lt-
19
53
K
amch
atk
a in
g
fro
m t
he K
amch
atk
a E
art
hq
uak
e.
Th
e B
oh
so-o
kiE
art
hq
uak
e o
f N
ov.
26
,19
53
.19
54
B
oh
so-o
ki
Gen
.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
No
tes
I (X)
U1 I
Na;
;.
4-2
57
4-2
58
4-2
59
4-2
60
4-2
61
*4
-26
2.
*4
-26
3
104-
264
*4-2
65
*4-2
66
*4-2
67
Autl
iol:
:.~
U.
Ino
ue
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
M
et.
Obs
erve
Yon
ago
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
Tok
ushi
ma
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rve
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rve
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
R.
Ko
ike
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the B
oh
so-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e. 1
954
Bo
hso
-ok
i
Ob
serv
atio
ns
of
the B
oh
so-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
54
Bo
hso
-ok
i in
th
e C
en
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s o
f th
e B
oh
so-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
19
54
B
oh
so-o
ki
vari
ou
s P
heno
men
a A
ccom
pany
ing
the
Bo
hso
-ok
i E
arth
qu
ake.
On
the P
red
icti
on
of
the
Tsu
nam
i.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
of
the W
este
rn P
art
o
f T
ott
ori
-ken
of
Jun
e 2
3,
19
55
.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
of
the S
ou
ther
n P
art
o
f T
ok
ush
ima-
ken
, Ju
ly 2
7,
19
55
.
The
Yo
nes
hir
o L
ower
Reg
ion
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f O
ct.
19
, 1
95
5.
The
Abu
kam
a L
ower
R
egio
n E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
20
, 1
95
6.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
Swar
m n
ear
Nii
jim
a
Isla
nd
in
Nov
emeb
r,
19
57
.
Mic
rob
aro
met
ric
Ob
serv
atio
ns
of
the
Off
-Itu
rup
Isl
an
d E
arth
qu
ake
on
Nov
. 7
, 19
58 a
nd
of
the L
arg
e E
xp
losi
on
at
Mt.
A
sam
a o
n N
ov.
10
, 1
95
8.
1954
B
oh
so-o
ki
1954
B
oh
so-o
ki
1956
T
ott
ori
N
ish
i
1956
1956
1957
1958
19
59
To
ku
shim
aM
inam
i
Fu
tats
ui
Sh
iro
shi
Nii
jim
a
(195
7)
Itu
rup
(1
958)
Gen
.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Aft
ersh
ock
Tsu
nam
i
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Oth
ers
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*4
-26
8
Ku
shir
o L
oca
l R
epo
rts
on
th
e T
esh
ikag
a E
arth
qu
ake
1959
T
esh
ikag
a G
en.
Met
. O
bse
rv.
of
Jan
. 3
1,
19
59
.
*4
-26
9
Seis
mo
log
ical
The
It
uru
p-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f N
ov.
7,
19
58
.19
59
It
uru
p-
Gen
. D
ept,
C
.M.O
. to
-ok
i
*4
-27
0
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
T
he
Inv
est
igati
on
s o
n t
he T
esh
ikag
a 19
60
Tes
hik
aga
GE'=n
. M
et.
Ob
serv
. E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jan
. 3
1,
19
59
.
4-2
71
Y
. Y
asu
i In
vest
igati
on
of
the
Tsu
nam
i o
f th
e
1961
H
yu
ga-
nad
a T
lllun
ami
Ton
doko
ro E
arth
qu
ake.
(1
662)
4-2
72
N
iig
ata
Lo
cal
The
Nag
aoka
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f F
eb.
2,
19
61
. 19
61
Nag
aoka
G
en.
Met
. O
bse
rv.
I co
*4
-27
3
Sei
smo
log
ical
T
he H
yuga
nada
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f F
eb.
27
, 1
96
1.1
96
1
Hy
ug
a-n
ada
Gen
. F
eb.
27
0'1
I D
ep
t.,
C.M
.O.
*4
-27
4
S.
His
amo
to
Dra
win
g th
e W
ave
Fro
nts
o
f th
e C
hil
ean
19
62
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i T
suna
mi
of
May
2
3,
19
60
.
*4
-27
5
A.
Hak
oda
His
tori
cal
Rec
ord
s o
f T
suna
mi
on
19
62
Tsu
nam
i G
en.
Sh
iko
ku
Isl
an
d a
nd
Vic
init
y.
*4
-27
6
Kag
oshi
ma
Lo
cal
The
Ear
htq
uak
e Sw
arm
in
Yo
shim
atsu
-ch
o,
1962
Y
osh
imat
su
Gen
. M
et.
Ob
serv
. K
ago
shim
a-k
en.
*4
-27
7
Ku
shir
o L
oca
l R
epo
rt o
n t
he K
ush
iro
-ok
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
1962
K
ush
iro
-G
en.
Met
. O
bse
rv.
Au
gu
st 1
2,
19
6L
o
ki
*4
-27
8
Sei
smo
log
ical
T
he K
ita-
Min
o E
arth
qu
ake
of
Au
gu
st 1
9,
1962
K
ita-
Min
o
Gen
. D
ep
t.,
C.M
.O.
19
61
.
*4
-27
9
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
T
he H
izo
o-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ap~i1
23
, 19
62
Hir
oo
-ok
i G
en.
Met
. O
bse
rv.
19
62
.
No.
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
1\14
-280
S
end
ai D
ist.
T
he
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e N
ort
her
n P
art
19
62
Miy
agi-
Gen
. M
et.
Ob
serv
e o
f M
iyag
i-k
en o
n A
pri
l 3
0,
19
62
. k
ita
*4
-28
1
Tsu
rug
a D
amag
e C
ause
d b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake
off
19
64
Ech
izen
-G
en.
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n
Cap
e E
chiz
en o
n M
arch
2
7,
19
63
. m
isak
i-o
ki
*4-2
82
Nem
uro
A F
ield
In
vest
igati
on
of
the E
arth
qu
akes
19
64
Gen
. W
eath
er S
tati
on
in
Nak
ash
ibet
su,
Ho
kk
aid
o,
in J
an
uary
an
d F
ebru
ary
, 1
96
3.
*4-2
83
T.
Nag
amun
e p
has
e V
elo
cit
y o
f M
antl
e W
aves
in
th
e
1964
C
hil
ean
E
Xp.
M
eas.
P
eri
od
Ran
ge
120
to 4
40 S
eco
nd
s.
I CD
*4-2
84
Ab
ash
iri
Lo
cal
A F
ield
In
vest
igati
on
of
Ear
thq
uak
es
near
1965
R
ausa
S
rvy
. R
ep.
.....
J M
et.
Ob
serv
e R
ausa
, H
ok
kai
do
, in
Jan
uary
an
d F
eb
ruary
, 1
96
4.
4-2
85
K
ush
iro
Lo
cal
Dam
age
Cau
sed
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
off
So
uth
-19
65
N
emu
ro-o
ki
Dam
age
Met
. O
bse
r.
east
ern
Nem
uro
on
Ju
ne
23
, 1
96
4.
*4-2
86
T.
Sh
ibata
T
yp
es o
f th
e S
eism
ogra
ms
for
the A
fter-
1965
N
iig
ata
A
fter
sho
ck
Cau
se
sho
cks
of
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e in
M
atsu
shir
o •
*4-2
87
S.
Tak
agi
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e In
itia
l M
oti
on
s 19
65
Nii
gata
C
ause
G
eolo
gy
o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he
Geo
log
ical
Str
uctu
re.
*4-2
88
W.
Ino
ue
On
the S
eis
mtc
ity
in
th
e E
pic
en
tra1
Reg
-19
65
Nii
gata
E
qk
e.
Act
. io
n a
nd
its
Nei
gh
bo
rho
od
befo
re th
e
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e
5.1
RE
PORT
OF
THE
IMPE
RIA
L EA
RTHQ
UAKE
IN
VES
TIG
ATI
ON
CO
MM
ITTE
E IN
JA
PAN
ESE
LANG
UAGE
l\to
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
assi
-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*5-1
K
. H
arag
uch
i R
epo
rt o
n th
e
Qun
age
to t
heT
oh
kai
do
Rail
-18
93
Noh
bi
Pu
bl.
D
am.
way
Cau
sed
by
th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f (1
891)
o
ct.
2
8,
18
91
.
*5-2
M
. E
mor
i R
epo
rt o
n th
e E
ffect
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
1894
N
ohbi
G
en.
of
Oct
. 2
8,
1891
in
Aic
hi-
ken
. (1
891)
*5-3
F
uk
ui-
ken
R
epo
rt o
n th
e E
ffect
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
1894
N
ohbi
D
am.
of
Oct
. 2
8,
1891
in
Fu
ku
i-k
en.
(189
1)
5-4
R
epo
rt o
n th
e R
elat
ion
ship
bet
wee
n
1894
N
ohbi
cu
r.
& M
ag.
Ear
thq
uak
es a
nd
Geo
mag
neti
sm.
(189
1)
5-5
T
. T
aman
a R
epo
rt o
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in a
nd
aro
un
d
1894
N
ohbi
G
en.
• C
hir
an, Kagoshima-ken~n S
ept.
7
, 18
93 •
(189
1)
0)
0) t
*5-6
T
. S
aek
i T
he D
amag
e C
ause
d b
y t
he G
reat
Eart
h-
1895
N
ohbi
P
ub
l.
Dam
. q
uak
e o
f O
ct.
28
, 18
91 i
n G
ifu
-ken
an
d
(189
1)
Mie
-ken
.
*5-7
F
. O
hmor
i T
he H
okka
ido
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
ar.
22
, 1
89
4.
1895
K
ush
iro
-ok
i G
en.
*5-8
F
. O
hmor
i R
ecor
ds o
f th
e E
arth
qu
akes
of
Ho
kk
aid
o.
1895
K
ush
iro
-ok
i G
en.
*5
-9
K.
Ish
ii
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s ca
use
d
1895
K
ush
iro
-ok
i B
ui1
. D
am.
by
th
e H
okka
ido
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
89
4.
*5-1
0 F
. O
hmor
i ~he
Sh
oh
nai
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f O
ct.
22
, 1
89
4.
1895
S
ho
hn
ai
Gen
.
*5-1
1 T
. -N
akam
ura
Rep
ort
on
the B
uil
din
gs
in t
he S
ho
hn
ai
1895
S
ho
hn
ai
Srv
y.
Rep
. D
istr
ict
Dam
aged
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Oct
. 2
2,
18
94
.
*5-1
2 T
. S
one
Rep
ort
on
the B
uil
din
gs
in t
he S
ho
hn
ai
1895
S
ho
hn
ai
Bu
il.
Dam
. D
istr
ict
Dam
aged
by
the E
arth
qu
ake
of
Oct
. 2
2,
18
94
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*5
-13
M
. T
ayam
a R
eco
rds
of
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
es i
n t
he
1895
D
ewa
Gen
. S
ho
hn
ai
(185
0)
Pro
vin
ces
of
Uze
n an
d U
go.
San
rik
u
(161
1)
No
shir
o,
Ho
ei,
Kis
ak
ata
5-1
4
The
P
refe
ctu
ral
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Ho
kk
aid
o.
1895
K
ush
iro
-ok
i G
en.
Off
. in
Ho
kk
aid
o
5-1
5
Metr
op
oli
tan
T
he
Ear
thq
uak
e in
an
d a
rou
nd
To
ky
o.
1895
T
okyo
G
en.
Po
lice O
ffic
e
5-1
6
Yam
agat
a-k
en
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Yam
agat
a-k
en.
1895
S
ho
hn
ai
Gen
.
5-1
7
Ak
ita-k
en
T
he E
arth
qu
ake
in A
ki ta
-ken
. 18
95
Sh
oh
nai
G
en.
I *
5-1
8
T.
Nak
amur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he B
uil
din
gs
in T
okyo
Dam
aged
18
95
Tok
yo
Bu
il.
Dam
. CD
\0
b
y t
he S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jun
e 2
0,
18
94
. I
*5
-19
C
. Y
osh
imi
Rep
ort
on
th
e B
rid
ges
in
Tok
yo
Dam
aged
18
95
Tok
yo
Pu
bl.
D
am.
by
th
e S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jun
e 2
0,
18
94
.
5-2
0
Metr
op
oli
tan
T
he
Ear
thq
uak
e in
an
d a
rou
nd
To
ky
o.
1895
T
oneg
awa
Gen
. P
oli
ce O
ffic
e
*5
-21
S
. T
anab
e R
epo
rt o
n t
he F
acto
ry C
him
neys
in
Tok
yo
1895
T
okyo
B
uil
. D
am
Dam
aged
by
th
e S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jun
e 2
0,
18
94
.
*5
-22
K
. T
atsu
no
R
epo
rt o
n t
he B
uil
din
gs
in t
he S
ho
hn
ai
1895
S
ho
hn
ai
Bu
il.
Dam
. D
istr
ict
Dam
aged
by
th
e E
arh
tqu
ake
of
Oct
. 2
2,
18
94
.
*5
-23
M
. N
og
uch
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he B
uil
din
gs
in t
he S
ho
nai
18
95
Sh
oh
nai
D
amag
e D
istr
ict
Dam
aged
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Oct
. 2
2,
18
94
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*5
-24
Y
. T
suka
mot
o R
epo
rts
on
th
e B
uil
din
gs
in T
okyo
D
amag
ed 1
895
Tok
yo
Bu
i!.
Dam
. b
y t
he S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jan
. 1
8,
18
95
.
*5
-25
Y
. T
suka
mot
o R
epo
rts
on
th
e B
uil
din
gs
in T
okyo
Dam
aged
189
5 T
okyo
B
ui1
. D
am.
by
th
e S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jan
. 1
8,
18
95
.
*5
-26
Y
. T
suka
mot
o R
epo
rts
on
th
e B
uil
din
gs
in T
okyo
Dam
aged
18
95
Tok
yo
Bu
i!.
Dam
. b
y t
he S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jan
. 1
8,
18
95
.
*5
-27
B
. K
oto
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ho
hn
ai E
arth
qu
ake
of
1895
S
ho
hn
ai
Geo
log
y
Oct
ob
er,
18
94
.
*5
-28
M
. N
oguc
hi
Rep
ort
on
th
e B
uil
din
gs
in t
he Y
amag
ata-
1896
S
ho
hn
ai
Bu
i!.
Dam
. k
en E
rect
ed a
fter
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f O
cto
ber
, 1
89
4.
I *
5-2
9
T.
Iki
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
reat
San
rik
u "
Tsu
nam
i"
1896
S
an
rik
u
Tsu
. R
ep.
ID
0 (d
est
ructi
ve s
ea w
aves
).
(189
6)
I
*5
-30
K
. N
akam
ura
No
te o
n t
he M
agn
etic
Dis
turb
ance
s 18
96
Sci
nrik
u C
ur.
&
M
ag.
Pre
ced
ing
th
e S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
(1
896)
*5
-31
M
iyak
o M
isce
llan
eou
s R
epo
rts
on
th
e S
an
rik
u
1896
S
an
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i W
eath
er S
tati
on
T
sun
ami.
(1
896)
*5
-32
N
. Y
amas
aki
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
reat
Rik
u-U
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1896
R
iku-
U
Gen
. P
aper
by
N
. Y
amas
aki
*5
-33
T
. K
och
ibe
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
reat
Rik
u-U
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1896
R
iku-
U
Dam
age
*5
-34
T
. N
akam
ura
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
reat
Rik
u-U
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1896
R
iku-
U
Bu
i!.
Dam
.
*5
-35
T
. S
on
e R
epo
rt o
n t
he B
uil
din
gs
Dam
aged
by
th
e
1896
R
iku-
U
Bu
i!.
Dam
,. G
reat
Rik
u-U
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*5
-36
Y
. w
ada
On
the M
agn
etic
Dis
turb
ance
s p
rece
din
g
1896
R
iku-
U
CU
r.
&
Mag
. th
e G
reat
Rik
u-U
Ear
thq
uak
e.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*5
-37
C
en
tral
Met
. M
isce
llan
eou
s R
epo
rts
on
th
e G
reat
1898
R
iku-
U
Gen
. O
bse
rvat
ory
R
iku-
U E
arth
qu
ake.
*5
-38
S
. K
imur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
amag
e in
Sen
dai
an
d t
he
1898
R
iku
zen
-ok
i D
amag
e V
icin
ity
Cau
sed
by
th
e S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jan
. 2
0,
18
97
.
5-3
9
J.
Nis
hiz
awa
Mis
cell
aneo
us
Rep
ort
s on
Ear
thq
uak
es.
1898
K
amit
akaj
G
en.
*5-4
0 F
. O
hmor
i N
ote
on
th
e T
okyo
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 18
99
Tok
yo
Gen
. Ju
ne
20
, 1
89
4.
*5
-41
F
. O
hmor
i N
ote
on
th
e G
reat
Min
o-O
war
i (N
ohbi
) 18
99
No
hb
i G
en.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f O
ct.
28
, 1
89
1.
(189
1)
I 1.0
*5-4
2 S
. S
ekiy
a D
iag
ram
of
the S
em
i-d
est
ructi
ve
1899
T
okyo
E
xp
. M
eas.
I-
' I E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jun
e 2
0,
18
94
, ']
ok
yo
.
*5-4
3 T
. Ik
i F
ukuo
ka E
arth
qu
akes
of
Aug
. 1
0
and
1
2,
1899
F
ukuo
ka
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
18
98
.
*5
-44
F
. O
hmor
i O
bse
rvat
ion
s in
Tok
yo o
f th
e F
uk
uo
ka
1899
F
ukuo
ka
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Ear
thq
uak
es o
f A
ug.
10
an
d 1
2,
18
98
.
*5
-45
A
. Im
amur
a O
n th
e G
reat
San
rik
u T
sun
ami.
18
99
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i (1
896)
*
5-4
6
T.
Kon
do
On
the E
ffect
of
Ear
thq
uak
es o
n R
iver
18
99
Noh
bi
Grn
d.
Wtr
. B
eds
(Part
1).
(1
891)
*5
-47
F
. O
hmor
i N
ote
on
th
e F
ukuo
ka E
arth
qu
akes
of
Aug
. 19
00
Fuk
uoka
A
fters
ho
ck
1
0 a
nd
12
, 18
98
(Part
2)
.
5-4
8
F.
Obm
ori
The
Ho
ei E
arth
qu
ake.
1
90
0
Ho
ei
Gen
.
*5
-49
F
. O
hmor
i O
n th
e G
reat
Min
o-O
war
i (N
ohbi
) 19
00
Noh
bi
Grn
d.
Def
. E
arth
qu
ake
of
Oct
. 2
8,
18
91
(2n
d R
ep
ort
).
No.
*5
-50
*5
-51
*5
-52
5-5
3
*5
-54
I ;;3
*5
-55
I
5-5
6
*5
-57
*5
-58
*5
-59
*5
-60
5-6
1
*5
-62
*5
-63
Au
tho
r
T.
So
ne
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e B
uil
din
gs
at
Osa
ka
Dam
aged
1
90
0
Kii
-Yam
ato
D
amag
e b
y th
e E
art
hq
uak
e o
f M
arch
7
, 1
89
9.
No
tes
W.
Ois
hi
On
the M
ag
neti
c D
istu
rban
ces
wh
ich
A
cco
mp
anie
d t
he S
tro
ng
Rik
uzen
Eart
h
qu
akw
of
May
1
2,
19
00
.
19
00
R
iku
zen
C
ur.
&
Mag
. E
qk
e.
Sg
ns.
F.
Oh
mo
ri
F.
Oh
mo
ri
T.
Kon
do
Y.
Kik
uch
i
On
Tsu
nam
is o
r D
est
ructi
ve S
ea-W
aves
in
Ja
pan
.
Th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
16
, 1
60
5.
To
po
gra
ph
ical
Map
s o
f S
ome
Dis
tric
ts in
M
iyag
i-k
en
D
amag
ed b
y th
e G
reat
Tsu
nam
i o
f Ju
ne
15
,18
96
.
19
01
S
an
rik
u
(18
96
)
19
01
T
oh
nan
kai
(16
05
) 1
90
1
San
rik
u
(18
96
)
On
the R
iku
zen
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f M
ay
12
, 1
90
0.1
90
1
Rik
uzen
Fu
ku
ok
a W
eath
er
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
of
the G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e
19
01
F
uk
uo
ka
Sta
tio
n
in A
ug
ust
, 1
89
8.
N.
Fu
ku
ch
i R
ep
ort
on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e o
f N
ov
. 5
, 1
90
0
19
02
M
iak
ejim
a o
ff th
e S
ou
thern
Co
ast
of
Izu
.
A.
Imam
ura
R
ep
ort
on
th
e G
ei-
yo
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
19
05
G
ei-
yo
2
, 1
90
5.
M.
En
ya
On
the S
tro
ng
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
2,
19
05
. 1
90
5
Gei-
yo
H.
Hach
iya
On
the H
iro
shim
a E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
05
G
ei-
yo
B.
Ko
to
Hy
po
cen
ter
of
the
Gei-
yo
E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
05
G
ei-
yo
T.
So
ne
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
Dam
age
to
19
05
G
ei-
yo
B
uil
din
gs
in H
iro
shim
a-k
en
an
d E
him
e-k
en.
S.
Tan
abe
On
the E
art
hq
uak
e
Dam
age
to R
ail
road
s.
19
05
G
ei-
yo
Tsu
nam
i G
en.
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Dam
age
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*5
-64
C
en
tral
Met
. M
isce
llan
eou
s R
epo
rts
on
th
e G
ei-y
o
1905
G
ei-y
o
Gen
. O
bse
rvat
ory
E
arth
qu
ake.
*5
-65
N
. F
uk
uch
i O
n th
e G
eo
log
ical
Asp
ect
of
the O
hsim
a 19
05
Ohs
him
a G
eolo
gy
(I
zu)
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
19
05
. (1
905)
*5
-66
T
ok
yo
-fu
M
isce
llan
eou
s R
epo
rts
on
th
e O
hsim
a Iz
u
1905
O
hshi
ma
Gen
. E
arth
qu
ake.
(1
905)
*5
-67
F
. O
hmor
i A
n A
cco
un
t o
f th
e T
sunm
ai a
t S
him
ada
19
06
A
nse
i T
suna
mi
(185
4)
by
an
Off
icie
r o
f th
e R
uss
ian
F
rig
ate
, "J
ian
a".
*5
-68
F
. O
hmor
i A
n A
cco
un
t o
f th
e D
est
ructi
ve
1913
G
en.
I E
arth
qu
akes
~n
Jap
an.
~
w I
*5
-69
B
. K
oto
The
G
eo
log
ical
Asp
ects
o
f th
e K
o-N
o 1
91
0
Ko-
No
Geo
log
y
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*5
-70
T
. S
one
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
age
to t
he B
uil
din
gs
19
10
K
o-N
o B
uil
. D
am.
Cau
sed
by
th
e K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake.
*5
-71
S
. T
anab
e R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
amag
e to
th
e
Rai
lway
s 19
10
Ko-
No
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Cau
sed
by
th
e K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake.
*5
-72
I.
Is
hig
uro
O
n th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e in
Siga~ken
1910
K
o-N
o D
amag
e an
d G
ifu
-ken
.
*5
-73
I.
Is
hig
uro
O
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
in S
iga-
ken
19
10
Ko-
No
Dam
age
and
Gif
u-k
en.
*5
-74
A
. Im
amur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he A
nega
wa
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
90
9.
1910
K
o-N
o G
en.
*5
-75
T
. S
ano
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Ohm
i E
arth
qr::
ake.
19
09
Ko-
No
Gen
. D
amag
e
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*5-7
6 A
. Im
amur
a T
he C
en
tral
Jap
an E
arth
qu
ake
of
July
9,
1913
A
nse
i G
en.
Jun
e 15
1
85
4.
*5-7
7 A
. Im
amur
a O
n th
e H
amad
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
18
72
. 19
13
Ham
ada
Gen
.
*5-7
8 A
. Im
amur
a O
n th
e R
iku-
U E
arth
qu
ake
of
18
96
. 19
13
Rik
u-U
G
en.
*5-7
9 A
. Im
amur
a O
n th
e K
ikai
gas
him
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
11
. 19
13
Kik
aig
ash
ima
Gen
.
*5-8
0 Y
. U
chid
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s C
ause
d
1915
S
aku
raji
ma
Bu
il.
Dam
. b
y t
he S
aku
raji
ma
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ja
n.
12
, 1
91
4.
*5-8
1 A
. Im
amur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he A
kti
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
14
. 19
15
Ugo
sen
Gen
.
• *5
-82
K.
Aom
i O
n th
e A
kit
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
14
. 19
15
Ugo
sen
Gef
t. ~ ~ •
*5-8
3 R
. O
has
hi
On
the A
kit
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
14
. 19
15
Ugo
sen
Gen
.
*5
-84
A
. Im
amur
a T
he E
arth
qu
ake
Swar
m in
th
e E
ast
ern
19
20
Kaz
usa
E
qk
e.
Act
. F
or e
sh
ock
P
art
of
Kaz
usa
in
co
mp
aris
ion
wit
h t
he
Fo
resh
ock
s o
f a
Gre
at E
arth
qu
ake.
*5
-85
S
. H
ori
ko
shi
No
tes
on
th
e Earthquake~roof
Co
nst
ruc-
1921
O
hmac
hi
Bu
il.
Dam
. ti
bn
s fo
r th
e O
hmac
hi
Sei
smic
Dis
tric
t.
*5
-86
F
. O
hmor
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he O
hmac
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e in
19
21
Ohm
achi
G
en.
Sh
inan
o i
n 1
91
8.
*5
-87
A
. Im
amur
a E
arth
qu
ake
Zon
es in
th
e N
ort
hw
este
rn
1921
G
en.
Sh
oh
nai
(1
850)
P
art
of
Hon
shu
(Mai
n Is
lan
d).
O
hshi
ma
(185
6)
*5
-88
S
. T
sub
oi
Not
e o
n t
he O
hmac
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
91
8.
1918
O
hmac
hi
Gen
.
*5
-89
F
. O
hmor
i S
eco
nd
Rep
ort
on
th
e O
hmac
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
22
Ohm
achi
S
ub
. &
Uph
. o
f 1
91
8,
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
* 5
-90
F
. O
hmor
i N
ote
on
th
e S
him
abar
a E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
25
S
him
abar
a G
en.
* 5
-91
A
. Im
amur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he C
han
ges
in
th
e L
and
-1
92
5
Sh
imab
ara
Su
b.
& U
ph.
Lev
el in
Co
nn
ecti
on
wit
h t
he S
him
abar
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
22
.
* 5
-92
A
. Im
amur
a S
eism
om
etri
c S
tud
y o
f th
e S
him
abar
a 1
92
5
Sh
imab
ara
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Eart
hq
uak
e.
* 5
-93
S
. H
ori
ko
shi
On
the E
art
hq
uak
e-p
roo
f C
on
stru
cti
on
s 19
25
Sh
imab
ara
Bu
il.
Dam
. in
Co
nn
ecti
on
wit
h t
he S
him
abar
a E
arth
qu
ake.
I *
5-9
4
Metr
op
oli
tan
D
amag
es in
th
e C
ity
of
Tok
yo C
ause
d b
y
19
25
U
rag
a-k
ai
Dam
age
\D
U1
Po
lice B
oar
d
the E
arth
qu
ake
on
Ap
ril
26
, 1
92
2.
I
* 5
-95
K
anag
awa-
ken
D
amag
es in
Kan
agaw
a-k
en C
ause
d b
y t
he
19
25
U
rag
a-k
ai
Dam
age
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n A
pri
l 2
6,
19
22
.
* 5
-96
A
. Im
amur
a T
he G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
1925
K
anto
G
en.
19
23
.
* 5
-97
S
. N
akam
ura
The
G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
19
25
K
anto
G
en.
19
23
.
* 5
-98
H
. O
bat
a So
me
Ear
thq
uak
e P
heno
men
a O
bse
rved
in
1
92
5
Kan
to
Srv
y.
Rep
. Y
aman
ash
i-k
en a
nd
Sait
am
a-k
en
.
* 5
-99
T
. M
atsu
zaw
<;l
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Sei
smic
In
ten
sit
ies a
s 1
92
5
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. D
edu
ced
fro
m t
he D
amag
es to
Woo
den
Bu
ild
ing
s.
)it 5
-10
0
C.
Yas
ud
a T
okyo
O
bse
rvati
on
on
th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s.
~ 1
92
5
Kan
to
Aft
ers
ho
ck
*' 5-1
01
S
. N
akam
ura
Lis
t o
f th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s O
bse
rved
at
19
25
K
anto
A
fters
ho
ck
O
hsh
ima.
I I!l
<l' I
No.
* 5-1
02
* 5-1
03
* 5
-10
4
* 5
-10
5
* 5-1
06
* 5
-10
7
*5
-10
8
*5
-10
9
*5
-11
0
*5
-11
1
5-1
12
Au
tho
r
N.
Nas
u
Y.
Ab
e
T.
Kat
o
N.
Yam
asak
i
H.
Ohm
ura
T.
Uch
ida
T.
Ter
ada
S.
Nak
amur
a
M.
Mo
rota
T.
Mat
suza
wa
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
On
the R
ela
tiv
e I
nte
nsi
ty o
f E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
n i
n D
iffe
ren
t P
art
s o
f T
okyo
an
d
Kam
akur
a.
1925
K
anto
A P
ers
on
al
Ex
per
ien
ce o
f th
e G
reat
Eart
h-
1925
K
anto
q
uak
e in
Kug
enum
a-m
ura
near
Kam
akur
a.
Casu
alt
ies
Cau
sed
by
th
e S
em
i-d
est
ructi
ve 1
925
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Kan
agaw
a-ke
n o
n J
an
. 1
5,
19
24
.
A G
eolo
gic
al S
tud
y o
f th
e G
reat
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Ph
ysi
og
rap
hic
al
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the
Gre
at K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Cha
nge
of
Lan
d-l
ev
el
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e
Gre
at
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
To
po
gra
ph
ical
Cha
nge
of
the S
ea-b
ott
om
in
Sag
ami
Bay
an
d V
icin
ity
.
1925
K
anto
1925
K
anto
1925
K
anto
1925
K
anto
On
th
e C
hang
e in
th
e S
ea-b
ott
om
of
1925
K
anto
S
agam
i B
ay w
ith
som
e G
eop
hy
sica
l C
on
sid
-era
tio
n o
n t
he C
ause
of
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e.
To
po
gra
ph
ical
Su
rvey
of
the C
rate
r o
f M
t.
Mih
ara,
O
hsim
a,
Izu
.
On
the L
an
d-s
lip
s C
ause
d b
y t
he G
reat
E
arth
qu
ake.
Rep
ort
on
th
e L
an
dsl
ides
in N
ebuk
awa.
1925
K
anto
1925
K
anto
1925
K
anto
Gro
und
Gen
.
Dam
age
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Lev
. &
Tri
o
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Cau
se
Grn
d.
Def
.
Mt.
L
and
sl.
Mt.
L
and
sl. N
ote
s
Pap
ers
by
N
. Y
amas
aki
NO
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
5-1
13
A
. Im
amur
a R
epo
rt o
n th
e L
an
dsl
ides
in N
ebuk
awa
,192
5 K
anto
M
t.
Lan
dsl
. A
rea.
*
5-1
14
z.
S
uzu
ki
Cha
nge
of
the C
oast
-lin
e in
.T
oh
kai
dp
. 19
25
Kan
to
Su
b.
& u
ph
.
*5
-11
5
A.
Imam
ura
Cha
nge
of
the C
oast
-lin
e in
Boh
so
1925
K
anto
S
ub
. &
Uph
. P
en
insu
la.
*5
-11
6
K.
Ino
ue
pre
lim
inary
No
te
on th
e P
hy
sio
gra
ph
ical
1925
K
anto
G
rnd
. D
ef.
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the G
reat
Kan
to E
art
h-
qu
ake.
*5
-11
7
T.
Iked
a T
suna
mi
or
Sei
smic
Tid
al
Wav
es
1925
K
anto
T
suna
mi
Grn
d.
Def
.
*5
-11
8
T.
Ter
ada
On
the P
rop
ag
ati
on
of
Tsu
nam
i th
at
1925
K
anto
T
suna
mi
I S
tart
ed
fro
m S
agam
i B
ay.
\0
-.J I
5-1
19
T
idal
Co
nd
itio
ns
at
the V
ario
us
Lo
cati
on
s 19
25
Kan
to
Tsu
nam
i in
Jap
an.
*5
-12
0
G.
Kit
azaw
a D
amag
es to
th
e W
oode
n H
ou
ses
in t
he C
ity
19
26
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. o
f T
okyo
an
d i
ts
Su
bu
rbs.
*5
-12
1
K.
Sato
D
amag
es to
th
e B
rick
Bu
ild
ing
s in
th
e
1926
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am.
Cit
y o
f T
okyo
an
d i
ts
Su
bu
rbs.
*5
-12
2
Y.
uch
ida
Dam
ages
to
th
e B
rick
Bu
ild
ing
s at
Tok
yo
1926
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am.
Imp
eri
al
Un
ivers
ity
.
*5
-12
3
T.
Nai
to
Dam
ages
to
th
e S
teel
Fra
me
Bu
ild
ing
s in
19
26
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. T
okyo
.
*5
-12
4
Y.
Nag
ato
D
amag
es
to th
e R
ein
forc
ed C
on
cret
e B
uil
-19
26
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. d
ing
s in
th
e
Cit
y o
f T
okyo
an
d i
ts S
ub
urb
s.
*5
-12
5
M.
Dei
T
he E
ffects
of
the S
ho
ck u
pon
the
Con
-19
26
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. cre
te W
orks
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
*5
-12
6
M.
Tan
aka
On
the E
ffects
of
Hea
t up
on
Bu
ild
ing
19
26
Kan
to
Bu
i1.
Dam
. M
ate
rials
.
*5
-12
7
S.
Ho
rik
os h
i D
amag
es to
th
e I
nte
rio
r o
f B
uil
din
gs.
19
26
Kan
to
Bu
i1.
Dam
.•
*5
-12
8
D.
Tan
aka
Dam
ages
to
th
e B
uil
din
gs
in Y
ok
oh
ama-
shi.
19
26
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. F
ire
*5
-12
9
N.
Mon
onob
e G
ener
al R
epo
rts
on
th
e D
amag
es
to C
ivil
19
26
Kan
to
Pu
bl.
D
am.
En
gin
eeri
ng
Wor
ks
Cau
sed
by
th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*5
-13
0
N.
Mon
onob
e R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
amag
es to
Chi
mne
ys a
nd
19
26
Kan
to
Bu
i1.
Dam
. T
ow
ers.
*5
-13
1
N.
Mon
onob
e R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
amag
es to
Hig
hway
Bri
dg
e 19
26
Kan
to
Pu
bl.
D
am.
I in
Yo
ko
ham
a-sh
i.
~
co
I *
5-1
32
S
. T
anab
e R
epo
rts
on
th
e D
amag
es
and
Reco
nst
ructi
on
192
6 K
anto
D
amag
e W
orks
in
th
e D
istr
ict
of
Hak
ome.
*5
-13
3
M.
Naw
a R
epo
rts
on
th
e D
amag
es to
Gov
ernm
ent
19
26
. K
anto
P
ub
l.
Dam
. R
ailw
ays.
*5
-13
4
O.
Oga
wa
Rep
ort
s o
n th
e D
amag
es to
th
e W
ater
19
26
Kan
to
Pu
b1
. D
am.
Su
pp
ly i
n T
okyo
.
*5
-13
5
Z.
Tak
enak
a O
n th
e D
amag
es to
Facto
ries.
19
26
Kan
to
Dam
age
*5
-13
6
M.
Sh
ibu
saw
a R
epo
rts
on
th
e D
amag
es to
E
lectr
ic
1926
K
anto
D
amag
e W
orks
.
*5
-13
7
S.
Inad
a D
amag
es to
Tel
egra
ph
an
d T
elep
ho
ne
Wor
ks.
1926
K
anto
D
amag
e
*5
-13
8
K.
Og
ata
The
Tok
yo C
on
flag
rati
on
Cau
sed
by
th
e
1925
K
anto
F
ire
Gre
at K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
No.
A
u.t
ho
r.
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*5
-13
9
S.
Nak
amur
a T
he
Tok
yo C
on
flag
rati
on
Cau
sed
by
th
e
1925
K
anto
F
ire
Gre
at K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*5
-14
0
K.
Ino
ue
On
the
Tok
yo C
on
flag
rati
on
. 19
25
Kan
to
Fir
e
*5
-14
1
T.
Ter
ada
On
To
rnad
oes
th
at
Ap
pea
red
in
Tok
yo
1925
K
anto
O
thers
F
ire
du
rin
g t
he C
on
flag
rati
on
.
*5
-14
2
R.
Tak
euch
i O
n v
icti
ms
Cau
sed
by
th
e G
reat
Fir
e.
1925
K
anto
F
ire
*5
-14
3
M.
Kat
ayam
a R
eg
ula
tiv
e N
oti
ce f
or
Sch
oo
ls
and
19
25
Kan
to
Dam
age
Insti
tute
s o
n t
he
Ch
emic
als
Dan
gero
us
to F
ire A
ccid
en
ts.
*5
-14
4
K.
Mor
oto
On
Tre
es E
ffecti
ve f
or
Fir
e P
rev
en
tio
n.
1925
K
anto
F
ire.
Dis
. P
rev
o
I w
Fir
e C
ause
d b
y t
he G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
25
Fir
e
w
*5
-14
5
A.
Imam
ura
Kan
to
I in
th
e D
iffe
ren
t L
ocali
ties
of
So
uth
east
Ja
pan
.
*5
-14
6
Sum
mar
y o
f R
epo
rts
Co
nce
rnin
g t
he C
ind
ers
1925
K
anto
F
ire
and
oth
er
Mate
rials
Carr
ied
by
Air
-cu
rren
t fr
om
th
e S
cen
e o
f th
e C
on
flag
rati
on
to
Dis
tan
t P
laces.
*5
-14
7
A.
Imam
ura
The
T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
25
. 19
27
Taj
ima
Gen
.
*5
-14
8
N.
Yam
asak
i O
n th
e
Cau
se o
f th
e T
aj im
a E
arth
qu
ake
1927
T
ajim
a F
au
lt
of
19
25
.
*5
-14
9
T.
Mat
suza
wa
The
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d F
ire in
To
yo
ok
a-m
ach
i.
1927
T
ajim
a F
ire
*5
-15
0
M.
Naw
a D
amag
es to
th
e G
over
nmen
t R
ailw
ays
in
1927
T
ajim
a P
ub
1.
Dam
. C
on
nec
tio
n w
ith
th
e T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake.
*5
-15
1
T.
Tan
igu
chi
Dam
ages
to
Bu
ild
ing
Cau
sed
by
th
e
Taj
ima
1927
T
ajim
a B
uil
. D
am.
Ear
thq
uak
e.
I I-'
o o I
No.
*5
-15
2
Au
tho
r T
itle
The
Earthquake~proof
Co
nst
ructi
on
s in
th
e
Taj
ima
Dis
tric
t.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1927
T
ajim
a B
uil
. D
am. N
ote
s
I I-' o I-' I
~, No.
*5
-15
3
*5
-15
4
*5
-15
5
*5
-15
6
*5
-15
7
*5
-15
8
*5
-15
9
*5
-16
0
*5
-16
1
*5
-16
2
5.2
B
ULL
ETIN
O
F TH
E IM
PER
IAL
EA
RTH
QU
AK
E IN
VE
STIG
AT
ION
C
OY
MIT
TEE
(in
Fo
reig
n L
ang
uag
es)
Au
tho
r
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Co
mp
aris
on
o
f th
e F
au
lts
in t
he T
hre
e E
arth
qu
akes
of
Min
o-O
war
i,
Fo
rmo
sa,
and
S
an F
ran
cis
co
.
On
the D
est
ructi
ve E
art
hq
uak
es
in th
e
Sh
inan
o-g
awa
Vall
ey
an
d t
ho
se a
lon
g th
e
Jap
an S
ea C
oast
.
The
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s o
f th
e z
en
ko
hji
(18
47)
and
th
e T
empo
(1
830)
E
art
hq
uak
es.
1907
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
19
08
Z
enk
oh
ji
19
09
Z
enk
oh
ji
Fau
lt
Gen
.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
The
S
aku
raji
ma
Eru
pti
on
s an
d E
art
hq
uak
es.
1
91
4
Sak
ura
jim
a
Vo
lcan
o
I.
(Gen
eral
Acc
ou
nt)
.
The
Sak
ura
jim
a E
rup
tio
ns
and
Eart
hq
uak
es.
19
22
Sak
ura
jim
a
Vo
lcan
o
VI.
(N
ote
s o
n t
he D
est
ructi
ve E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jan
. 1
2,
19
14
, an
d M
iscell
an
eo
us
Rem
arks
o
n t
he E
rup
tio
n o
f S
ak
ura
jim
a.
The
Ohm
achi
(S
hin
ano
) E
art
hq
uak
es
of
19
18
.19
22
O
hmac
hi
I.
On
the
Sh
imab
ara
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
8,
19
22
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
han
ges
in
th
e L
an
d-l
ev
el
in C
on
nec
tio
n w
ith
th
e S
him
abar
a E
art
h
qu
ake
of
19
22
.
Sei
smo
gra
ph
ic S
tud
y o
f th
e S
him
abar
a E
art
hq
uak
e.
The
T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
25
.
19
28
S
him
abar
a
1928
S
him
abar
a
19
28
S
him
abar
a
19
28
T
ajim
a
Gen
.
Gen
.
Su
b.
& U
ph.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Gen
.
No
tes
Tai
wan
(3
/17
/06
) S
an F
ran
cis
co
(4
/18
/06
)
Ech
igo
, S
ado
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
*5
-16
3
N.
Yam
asak
i O
n th
e C
ause
of
the T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
1928
T
ajim
a G
en.
19
25
.
*5
-16
4
A.
Imam
ura
Lis
t o
f th
e A
fter
sho
cks
of
the G
reat
19
28
Kan
to
Aft
ersh
ock
K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*5
-16
5
s. Y
amag
uchi
O
n th
e C
hang
e in
Wat
er L
evel
of
Riv
ers
1928
K
anto
O
ther
s O
bse
rved
in
th
e O
ccas
ion
of
the G
reat
E
arth
qu
ake.
*5
-16
6
T.
Ter
ada
On
the F
luctu
ati
on
of
Sea
Lev
el b
efo
re
1928
K
anto
O
cn.
Eq
ke.
an
d a
fter
the G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake,
1
92
3:
Eff
ect
of
Cy
clo
nes
.
*5
-16
7
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Re-
surv
ey o
f th
e K
anto
Dis
tric
t aft
er
1930
K
anto
L
ev.
& T
ri.
I I-'
Dep
artm
ent
. ..
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
92
3.
0 N I
5.3
PU
BL
ICA
TIO
NS
OF
THE
IMPE
RIA
L
EART
HQ
UA
KE
INV
EST
IGA
TIO
N
CO
MM
ITTE
E (i
n F
ore
ign
Lan
gu
ages
)
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
5-1
68
S
. T
anab
e O
n th
e C
him
neys
wh
ich
wer
e D
amag
ed b
y
19
00
T
okyo
B
uil
. D
am.
the E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jun
e,
18
94
.
*5
-16
9
F.
Ohm
ori
No
te o
n t
he G
reat
Min
o-O
war
i (N
ohbi
) 1
90
0
No
hb
i G
en.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f O
ct.
28
, 1
89
1.
(189
1)
*5
-17
0
F.
Ohm
ori
No
te o
n t
he T
okyo
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
20
, 1
90
0
Tok
yo
Gen
. 1
89
4.
*5
-17
1
S.
Sek
iya
The
D
iag
ram
of
the S
em
i-d
est
ructu
ve
19
00
T
okyo
E
xp
. M
eas.
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jun
e 2
0,
18
94
(T
okyo
) •
*5
-17
2
F.
Ohm
ori
No
te o
n t
he A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e
19
00
K
ush
iro
-ok
i A
fters
ho
ck
H
ok
kai
do
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
arch
2
2,
18
94
.
I *
5-1
73
F
. O
hmor
i N
ote
on
th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e M
ino
-19
02
No
hb
i A
fters
ho
ck
I-
' O
war
i (N
ohbi
) E
arth
qu
ake
of
Oct
. 2
8,
18
9l.
0 w
I
No
. A
uth
or
*5
-17
4
F.
Oh
mo
ri
*5
-17
5
C.
Yas
ud
a
*5
-17
6
F.
Oh
mo
ri
*5
-17
7
F.
Oh
mo
ri
*5
-17
8
A.
Imam
ura
I .....
0 01:> I
5.4
SE
ISM
OL
OG
ICA
L
NO
TES
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
On
the S
ev
ere
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
8,
19
21
. 1
92
2
Ry
uh
gas
aki
Gen
.
Lis
t o
f th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e S
tro
ng
1
92
2
Ry
uh
gas
aki
Aft
ers
ho
ck
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
8,
19
21
.
Th
e S
em
i-d
est
ructi
ve E
art
hq
uak
e o
f 1
92
2
Ura
ga-k
ai
Ap
ril
26
, 1
92
2.
To
ky
o O
bse
rvati
on
of
the S
tro
ng
Eart
h-
19
24
S
uik
aid
o
qu
ake
on
Jan
. 1
4,
19
23
.
Pre
lim
inary
No
te o
n t
he G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e
19
24
K
anto
o
f S
ou
theast
ern
Jap
an
on
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
.
Gen
.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Gen
.
No
tes
6.
BU
LLET
IN
OF
THE.
DIS
AST
ER
PR
EVEN
TIO
N
RESE
ARC
H
INST
ITU
TE
, K
YO
TO
UN
IVE
RSI
TY
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*6
-1
R.
Tan
abas
hi
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Dam
ages
an
d E
art
h-
1948
T
oh
nan
kai
G
roun
d D
amag
e g
rou
nd
on
th
e O
ccas
ion
of
the
To
hk
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d i
ts A
fters
ho
ck
.
*6
-2
Y.
Yok
oo
Sei
smic
Stu
dy
of
the E
arth
gro
un
d
1949
T
ott
ori
G
roun
d n
ear
To
tto
ri-s
hi.
*6
-3
Y.
Bab
a S
eism
ic S
tud
y o
f th
e E
arth
gro
un
d
1949
N
ank
ai
Gro
und
of
Ko
hch
i-sh
i.
*6
-4
S.
Yos
hika
wa
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Dam
ages
an
d t
he
1949
F
uk
ui
Gro
und
Dam
age
Ear
thg
rou
nd
on
th
e O
ccas
ion
of
the
Fu
ku
i E
arth
qu
ake.
I I-'
0 *
6-5
Y
. Y
okoo
S
eism
ic S
tud
y o
f th
e E
arth
qro
un
d o
f 19
49
Fu
ku
i G
roun
d U
1 I F
uk
ui-
shi.
*6
-6
S.
Hay
ash
i R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Sei
smic
Vib
rati
on
s 19
49
Fu
ku
i G
roun
d an
d E
arth
gro
un
d.
*6
-7
M.
Oga
wa
Sei
smic
Vib
rati
on
s o
f th
e F
uk
ui
Eart
h-
1949
F
uk
ui
EX
p.
Mea
s.
qu
ake
Ob
serv
ed a
t th
e A
buya
ma
Seis
mo
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry.
*6
-8
T.
Mat
sud
a O
n th
e D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f D
amag
es
du
e to
th
e 1
949
Fu
ku
i D
amag
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*6
-9
T.
Ich
ino
e
Cru
stal
Def
orm
atio
n n
ear
Fu
ku
i-sh
i aft
er
1949
F
uk
ui
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*6
-10
K
. W
akay
ama
Geo
mag
net
ic
Cha
nge
in
the F
uk
ui
Reg
ion
.19
49
F
uk
ui
CU
r.
& M
ag.
I I-' o 0\ I
No.
6-1
1
6-1
2
6-1
3
6-1
4
6-1
5
Au
tho
r
M.
Yo
shik
awa
A.
Ku
bo
der
a
H.
Mom
ose
H.
Mom
ose
M.
Nar
uo
ka
Tit
le
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
roun
d C
hara
cte
rist
ics
in
Nii
ham
a-sh
i.
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
roun
d C
hara
cte
rist
ics
in
Wak
ayam
a-sh
i.
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
roun
d C
hara
cte
rist
ics
in
Tok
ushi
ma -
sh
i.
Sett
lem
en
t o
f 'A
llu
viu
m s
tratu
m d
ue
to
the C
on
soli
dati
on
Resu
ltin
g
fro
m t
he
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Lev
ell
ing
in
Ko
hch
i-sh
i.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
19
50
N
ank
ai
Gro
und
1950
N
ank
ai
Gro
und
1950
N
ank
ai
Gro
und
1950
N
ank
ai
1950
N
ank
ai
Lev
. &
Tri
.
7.
BU
LLET
l!.dI
i'OF:
TH
E S
CIE
NC
E
AND
ENG
INEE
R.IN
G
RESE
ARC
H
LABO
RATO
RY O
F W
ASE
DA
UN
IVER
SITY
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*7
-1
N.
Nas
u S
eis
mo
log
ical
Asp
ects
of
the N
iig
ata
19
66
Nii
gata
G
en.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
16
, 1
96
4.
*7
-2
N.
Imai
G
eo
log
ical
Asp
ects
o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
h-
1966
N
iig
ata
G
eolo
gy
q
uak
e.
*7
-3
K.
Ko
toh
da
Maj
or
Asp
ects
o
f D
amag
e an
d G
roun
d 19
66
Nii
gata
G
roun
d D
amag
e C
6n
dit
ion
s in
Aff
licte
d A
reas
.
*7
-4
s. G
oto
The
C
hara
cte
rist
ics
of
the S
urf
ace S
oil
19
66
Nii
gata
G
eolo
gy
o
f N
iig
ata
.
*7
-5
A.
Mo
ri
Civ
il E
ng
inee
rin
g A
spec
ts o
f th
e N
iig
ata
19
66
Nii
gata
P
ub
!.
Dam
. E
arth
qu
ake
Roa
d.
I 1-'
*7
-6
M.
Num
ata
Civ
il E
ng
inee
rin
g A
spec
ts o
f th
e N
iig
ata
19
66
Nii
gata
P
ub
1.
Dam
. a -.
.I
Ear
thq
uak
e R
ailw
ay.
I
*7
-7
H.
Saj
ima
Civ
il E
ng
inee
rin
g A
spec
ts o
f th
e N
iig
ata
19
66
Nii
gata
P
ub
!.
Dam
. E
arth
qu
ake
Har
bo
rs.
*7
-8
T.
Yon
emot
o C
ivil
E
ng
inee
rin
g A
spec
ts o
f th
e N
iig
ata
19
66
Nii
gata
P
ub
!.
Dam
. R
ipari
an
Cala
mit
ies.
*7
-9
H.
Yon
eya
Civ
il E
ng
inee
rin
g A
spec
ts o
f th
e N
iig
ata
19
66
Nii
gata
P
ub
!'
Dam
. E
arth
qu
ake
Ele
ctr
ic P
ower
Pla
nt.
*7
-10
H
. M
urak
ami
Civ
il E
ng
inee
rin
g A
spec
ts o
f th
e N
iig
ata
19
66
Nii
gata
P
ub
!.
Dam
. E
arth
qu
ake.
S
tru
ctu
res
in a
nd
aro
un
d
Nii
gata
-sh
i:
Mai
nly
, in
th
e L
ower
Part
s o
f th
e A
gano
gaw
a W
ater
Sy
stem
.
*7
-11
S
. K
amiy
ama
Civ
il'
En
gin
eeri
ng
Asp
ects
of
the N
iig
ata
19
66
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Cra
ckin
g a
nd
Dest
ructi
on
of
Co
ncr
ete
Str
uctu
res.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*7
-12
K
. H
ori
i C
ivil
En
gin
eeri
ng
Asp
ects
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
6
Nii
gata
P
ub
!'
Dam
. E
arth
qu
ake:
B
rid
ges
Sp
ann
ing
th
e L
ower
C
ou
rse
of
the R
iver
Sin
ano
. ,
*7
-13
S
. T
ani
Arc
hit
e9
tura
l E
ffects
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
6
Nii
gata
G
en.
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Intr
od
ucti
on
.
*7
-14
M
. T
akeu
chi
Arc
hit
ectu
ral
Eff
ects
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
6
Nii
gata
B
ui!
. v
ih.
Gro
und
Ear
thq
uak
e:
An
aly
sis
of
the N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake
Acc
eler
og
ram
.
*7
-15
Y
. T
amur
a Archit~~tural
Eff
ects
of
the N
£tg
ata
19
66
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
arn'
;' E
arth
qu
ake:
W
ood
Co
nst
ructi
on
.
I *
7-1
6
G.
Mat
sui
Arc
hit
ectu
ral
Eff
ects
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
6
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
I-'
0 E
arth
qu
ake:
R
ein
forc
ed C
on
cret
e C
on
stru
c-co
I
tio
n.
*7
-17
A
. T
suru
ta
Arc
hit
ectu
ral
Eff
ects
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
6
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Ste
el
Co
sntr
ucti
on
.
*7
-18
Y
. T
anak
a A
rch
itectu
ral
Eff
ects
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
6
Nii
gata
E
arth
qu
ake:
S
hell
Str
uctu
res
and
Tan
ks.
*7
-19
K
. K
imur
a A
rch
itectu
ral
Eff
ects
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
6
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Bu
ild
ing
Eq
uip
men
t.
*7
-20
M
. T
akeu
chi
Arc
hit
ectu
ral
Eff
ects
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
6
Nii
gata
D
amag
e E
arth
qu
ake:
C
on
clu
sio
n.
*7
-21
I.
Ino
ue
Ch
emic
al a
nd
Safe
ty E
ng
inee
rin
g A
spec
ts
19
66
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
8.
JOU
RN
AL
OF
GEO
GRA
PHY
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
8-1
T
. K
och
ibe
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
in I
wam
i,
18
72
. 1
88
9
Ham
ada
Gen
.
8-2
T
. K
och
ibe
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
in I
wam
i,
1872
(P
art
2)
18
89
H
amad
a G
en.
8-3
T
he
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f F
eb.
18
, 1
88
9.
18
89
K
awas
aki
Gen
.
8-4
K
anto
-Yaj
in
The
E
arth
qu
ake
in K
umam
oto
in 1
88
9.
18
89
K
umam
oto
Gen
.
8-5
B
. K
oto
R
epo
rt o
n th
e G
ener
al S
urv
ey o
f th
e
18
89
K
umam
oto
Gen
. K
umam
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
8-6
N
. K
aned
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he K
umam
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
18
89
K
umam
oto
Gen
.
8-7
R
epo
rt o
n t
he K
umam
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
18
89
K
umam
oto
Gen
.
I 8
-8
T.
Koh
no
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
1
89
0
Sai
kaw
a G
en.
I-'
0 S
hin
shu
on
Jan
. 7
, 1
89
0.
~
I
8-9
T
. K
ohno
S
up
ple
men
t to
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
tro
ng
1
89
0
Gen
. E
arth
qu
ake
in S
hin
shu
on
Jan
. 7
, 1
89
0.
8-1
0
M.
Yat
su
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Kum
amot
o.
18
90
K
umam
oto
Gen
.
8-1
1
The
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ja
n.
7,
18
90
. 1
89
0
Sai
kaw
a G
en.
8-1
2
M.
Yat
su
The
E
arth
qu
ake
in K
umam
oto
(Part
2
).
18
90
K
umam
oto
Gen
.
8-1
3
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
an
d a
rou
nd
Mia
kej
ima.
1
89
0
Mia
kej
ima
Gen
. (1
890)
8
-14
H
. S
awad
a T
he E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
in T
osa
du
rin
g
18
90
H
oei
G
en.
the
Ho
ei
Era
.
8-1
5
T.
Ko
chib
e R
epo
rt o
n th
e
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the
18
91
N
oh
bi
Gen
. D
isast
er
Are
a in
Min
o,
OW
ari
and
Ech
izen
. (1
891)
I ~
~
o I
NO
.
8-1
6
8-1
7
8-1
8
8-1
9
8-2
0
8-2
1
8-2
2
8-2
3
8-2
4
8-2
5
8-2
6
8-2
7
8-2
8
Au
tho
r
T.
Hik
i
Kan
to-y
aji
n
T.
Kan
ai
T.
Kan
ai
T.
Kan
ai
Yo
ko
yam
a
T.
Kan
ai
T.
Kan
ai
T.
Kan
ai
M.
Ito
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
o
f th
e
Neo
vall
ey
Fau
lt
in M
ino
.
Th
e N
oh
bi
Earh
tqu
ak
e in
1
89
1.
Rep
ort
.on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e at
Sh
imab
ara
in
17
92
.
Rep
ort
o
n th
e E
art
hq
uak
e at
Sh
imab
ara
in
17
92
. (P
art
2
).
Rep
ort
o
n th
e ~arthquake
at
Sh
imab
ara
in
17
92
(P
art
3
).
18
91
N
oh
bi
( 18
91
)
18
92
N
oh
bi
(18
91
)
18
92
S
him
ab
ara
18
92
S
him
ab
ara
18
92
S
him
ab
ara
Eff
ect
of
the
No
hb
i E
art
hq
uak
e
on
E
uro
pe.
18
92
N
oh
bi
(18
91
) T
he Seismical1y~pamaged
Are
a i
n I
iria
date
-gu
n 1
89
2
in E
ch
izen
. N
oh
bi
(18
91
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arh
tqu
ak
e at
Sh
imab
ara
1
89
2
Sh
imab
ara
in
1
79
2
(Part
4
).
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
Sh
imab
ara
in
1
79
2
(Part
5
).
Co
nsid
era
tio
n o
n th
e
Cau
se o
f th
e
Sh
imo
hsa
E
art
hq
u:l
ke
, Ju
ne 3
, 1
89
2.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e at
Sh
imab
ara
in
1
79
2
(Part
6
).
18
92
S
him
ab
ara
18
92
S
him
oh
sa
18
92
S
him
ab
ara
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
Gif
u o
n S
ep
t.
7,
18
92
. 1
89
2
Gif
u
Fre
qu
en
cy
of
the E
art
hq
uak
e
Occu
rren
ce
in th
e
No
hb
i D
istr
ict
du
rin
g
13
M
on
ths.
1
89
2
No
hb
i (1
89
1)
Fau
lt
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Gen
.
Cau
se
Gen
.
Gen
.
Eq
ke.
Act.
No
tes
Dam
age
NO
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
8-2
9
T.
Wak
imiz
u H
yp
oce
nte
r o
f th
e G
reat
Noh
bi E
arth
qu
ake.
1
89
3
Noh
bi
Cau
se
Fau
lt
(18
91
) 8
-30
M
. T
era
ish
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he F
ou
r G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
es in
.1
89
3
Hak
uho
Gen
. T
oh
nan
kai
(1
605>
T
osa
. 8
-31
M
. T
era
ish
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he F
ou
r G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
es in
1
89
3
Ho
ei
Gen
. A
nse
i T
osa
(P
art
2).
8-3
2
M.
Tera
ish
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he F
ou
r B
ig E
arth
qu
akes
in
1
89
3
An
sei
Gen
. T
osa
(P
art
4).
8-3
3
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Kag
osh
ima-
ken
. 1
89
3
Ch
i ran
G
en.
8-3
4
M.
Tera
ish
i S
up
ple
men
t to
Rep
ort
on
th
e B
ig F
ou
r 1
89
3
Ho
ei
Gen
. E
arth
qu
akes
in
To
sa.
, 8
-35
R
epo
rt o
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in S
hin
ano
, 1
84
7.1
89
4
Zen
ko
hji
G
en.
I-'
I-'
I-'
8-3
6
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in S
hin
ano
, 1
89
4
Zen
ko
hji
G
en.
, 1
84
7
(Part
2).
8-3
7
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Ho
kk
aid
o.
18
94
K
ush
iro
-ok
i G
en.
8-3
8
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in S
hin
ano
, 1
89
4
Zen
ko
hji
G
en.
18
47
(P
art
3).
8-3
9
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Nem
uro.
1
89
4
Ku
shir
o-o
ki
Gen
.
8-4
0
The
S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
in T
okyo
an
d it
s
18
94
T
okyo
G
en.
Vic
init
y o
n J
un
e 2
0,
18
94
.
8-4
1
The
G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Yam
agat
a-k
en.
18
94
S
ho
hn
ai
Gen
.
8-4
2
The
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
on
Jan
. 1
8,
18
95
. 1
89
5
Ton
egaw
a G
en.
8-4
3
Um
enoy
a E
xce
rpt
fro
m
"Rep
ort
on
th
e A
nse
i 1
89
5
Edo
G
en.
Eq
ke.
S
gn
s.
Ear
thq
uak
e".
Oct
ob
er
2.
I I-'
I-'
tv
.1
NO
.
8-4
4
8-4
5
8-4
6
8-4
7
8-4
8
8-4
9
8-5
0
8-5
1
8-5
2
8-5
3
8-5
4
* 8-5
5
* 8
-56
* 8
-57
* 8
-58
Au
tho
r
O.
Aih
ara
K.
T.
T.
Ko
chib
e
T.
Ko
chib
e
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
Tit
le
Dat
e E
art
hq
uak
e
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
Rep
ort
of
the Im
peri
al
Eart
hq
uak
e In
ves-
18
96
S
ho
hn
ai
tig
ati
on
Co
mm
itte
e,
Vo
l.
8,
(Part
1
: T
he
Gen
.
Sh
oh
nai
Eart
hq
uak
e).
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
th
e
To
ho
ku
D
istr
ict.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
th
e
To
ho
ku
D
istr
ict,
(P
art
2
).
Ch
ang
e in
th
e E
art
h's
M
agn
etis
m
Pre
ced
ing
th
e
Rik
u-U
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Dam
age
by
th
e S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
Hid
a.
18
96
R
iku
-u
18
96
R
iku
-U
18
96
R
iku
-U
18
96
S
an
rik
u
(18
96
)
18
96
H
ida
Gen
.
Gen
.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
nsQ
n
the S
eis
mic
1
89
6
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i T
sun
ami
in t
he S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict.
(1
89
6)
Rep
ort
o
n th
e
Eart
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r in
A
kit
a-k
en
.
Rep
ort
o
n th
e E
art
hq
uak
e.
Tsu
nam
i in
th
e
To
ho
ku
D
istr
ict.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e D
amag
e.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
Yam
ato
P
rov
ince.
On
the
Cas
ue
of
Tsu
nam
i at
Rik
uzen
, R
iku
chu
an
d M
uts
u.
On
the
Tsu
nam
i o
f R
iku
zen
, R
iku
chu
an
d
Mu
tsu
.
Vio
len
t V
olc
an
ic E
rup
tio
ns
on
th
e
Sh
imab
ara
P
en
insu
la.
18
97
R
iku
-u
Gen
.
18
97
R
iku
zen
-ok
i G
en.
18
97
S
an
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i (1
89
7)
18
98
R
iku
chu
D
amag
e
18
99
K
ii-Y
am
ato
G
en.
18
99
S
an
rik
u
(18
97
)
19
00
S
an
rik
u
(18
97
)
19
00
S
him
ab
ara
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Geo
log
y
I ......
......
w I
No.
* 8
-59
* 8
-60
* 8
-61
* 8
-62
* 8
-63
* 8-6
4
* 8
-65
* 8
-66
* 8
-67
*8
-68
*8
-69
8-7
0
* 8
-71
Au
tho
r
T.
Ikeg
ami
F.
Olu
nori
T.
Iken
ou
e
T.
Iken
ou
e
T.
Oga
wa
Tit
le
Vio
len
t V
olc
anic
Eru
pti
on
s o
n t
he
Sh
imab
ara
Pen
insu
la.
Vio
len
t V
olc
anic
Eru
pti
on
s o
n t
he
Sh
imab
ara
Pen
insu
la.
Vio
len
t V
olc
anic
Eru
pti
on
s o
n t
he
Sh
imab
ara
Pen
insu
la.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
00
S
him
abar
a G
en.
19
00
S
him
abar
a G
en.
19
00
S
him
abar
a G
en.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
in R
iku
zen
of
May
, 1
90
0.
19
00
R
iku
zen
G
en.
Vio
len
t V
olc
anic
Eru
pti
on
s o
n th
e
Sh
imab
ara
Pen
insu
la.
Vio
len
t V
olc
anic
Eru
pti
on
s o
n t
he
Sh
imab
ara
Pen
insu
la.
Vio
len
t V
olc
anic
Eru
pti
on
s o
n t
he
Sh
imab
ara
Pen
insu
la.
19
00
S
him
abar
a
1900
S
him
abar
a
19
01
S
him
abar
a
The
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e Y
ears
o
f H
oei
.19
01
H
oei
The
T
sun
ami
Fo
llo
win
g t
he G
reat
Eart
h
qu
ake,
D
ec.
16
, 1
60
5.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f H
ach
ino
he.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f H
ach
ino
he.
Vio
len
t V
olc
anic
Eru
pti
on
s o
n
the
Sh
imab
ara
Pen
insu
la.
19
01
T
oh
nan
kai
(1
605)
1901
H
ach
ino
he
1901
H
ach
ino
he
1902
S
him
abar
a
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
No
tes
Gen
.
Rep
ort
by
the In
tern
ati
on
al
Geo
det
ic
Co
mm
itte
e o
n t
he H
yp
som
etri
ca1
C
hang
e o
f M
ino
and
Ow
ari
aft
er
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e,
1903
N
oh
bi
(18
91
) S
ub
. &
Uph
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*8
-72
G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
es in
th
e W
este
rn P
art
19
05
Gei
-Yo
Gen
. o
f Ja
pan
.
*8
-73
E
arth
qu
ake
in O
hsh
ima,
lz
u.
1905
O
hshi
ma
Gen
.
*8
-74
E
arth
qu
ake
in O
hsh
ima,
lz
u.
1906
O
hshi
ma
Gen
.
*8
-75
E
arth
qu
ake
in A
ki
and
ly
o P
rov
ince,
1906
G
ei-Y
o G
en.
Jun
e,
19
05
.
*8
-76
O
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in O
hmi D
istr
icts
on
19
09
Ko-
No
Gen
. A
ug
ust
14
, 1
90
9.
*8
-77
F
. O
hmor
i A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e O
hmi-
Min
o (K
o-N
o)
1909
K
o-N
o A
fters
ho
ck
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Au
gu
st 1
4,
19
09
.
I *
8-7
8
F.
Ohm
ori
The
Ryu
hkyu
E
arth
qu
ake
on
Aug
. 2
9,
19
09
. 19
09
Oki
naw
a G
en.
t-"
t-" ~
I *
8-7
9
F.
Ohm
ori
No
te o
n t
he
Pro
pag
ati
on
Velo
cit
y o
f th
e
19
09
K
o-N
o E
xp
. M
eas
Ohm
i-M
ino
(Ko-
No)
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
4,
19
09
.
*8
-80
F
. O
hmor
i T
he S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
on
Nov
. 1
0,
19
09
. 19
09
Hy
ug
a-n
ada
Gen
. (1
909)
*
8-8
1
S.
Nak
amur
a P
reli
min
ary
No
te o
n t
he O
hmi-
Min
o (K
o-N
o)
19
10
K
o-N
o G
en.
Rep
ort
by
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f A
ug.
14
, 1
90
9.
Geo
log
y l
nst.
*8
-82
T
. lk
i C
rack
Lin
es
Fo
llo
win
g t
he E
rup
tio
ns
of
1911
U
zu
Vo
lc.
Act
. u
zu V
olc
ano
, 1
91
0.
*8
-83
D
.S.
The
R
ecen
t S
eis
mo
log
ical
Dis
turb
an
ces
19
14
S
aku
raji
ma
Gen
. in
Kyu
shu,
as
Ob
serv
ed in
Eu
rop
e.
*8
-84
F
. O
hmor
i T
he
Ohm
achi
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 1
1,
19
18
. 19
19
Ohm
achi
G
en.
NO
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
*8
-85
F
. O
hmor
i T
he O
hmac
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f N
ov.
11
, 1
91
8.
1919
O
hmac
hi
Gen
.
*8
-86
F
. O
hmor
i T
he S
tro
ng
Tok
yo E
arth
qu
ake.
19
22
ura
ga-k
ai
Gen
.
*8
-87
K
. In
ou
e P
reli
min
ary
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
1923
K
anto
G
en.
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
.
*8
-88
A
. Im
amur
a O
n th
e C
cn
sid
era
tio
n o
f F
utu
re E
arth
qu
akes
. 19
23
Kan
to
Gen
.
*8
-89
H
. S
ato
T
he E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
in t
he B
luff
19
23
Kan
ot
Dam
age
Gro
und
Reg
ion
of
Tok
yo.
8-9
0
N.
Kiy
ono
The
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
in a
nd
aro
un
d
1923
K
anto
D
amag
e C
hib
a-s
hL
I I-'
*8
-91
K
. W
atan
abe
The
E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
in "
Dai
ba"
in
19
23
Kan
to
Dam
age
I-'
U1
the S
hin
agaw
a B
ay.
I
*8
-92
S
. F
uji
wara
C
en
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Sta
tio
n,
Bu
rnt
ou
t 19
23
Kan
to
Fir
e
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Co
nfl
ag
rati
on
an
d i
ts
Ob
serv
ati
on
.
*8
-93
D
. S
ato
R
eju
ven
esce
nce
of
the A
tam
i G
eyse
r aft
er
1923
K
anto
G
rnd
. W
tr.
the E
arth
qu
ake.
*8
-94
Is
hii
W
ells
in
th
e C
oast
al
Reg
ion
of
Kata
se.
1923
K
anto
G
rnd
. W
tr.
8-9
5
Ish
ii
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
of
Nak
ada,
N
akaw
ada-
1923
K
anto
D
amag
e m
ura
, K
amak
ura -
gu
n.
*8
-96
S
and
Eje
cte
d a
lon
g t
he F
issu
res
in t
he
1923
K
anto
G
rnd
. D
ef.
Facto
ry o
f N
ippo
n-K
ohka
n C
ompa
ny.
*8
-97
S
. N
akam
ura
On
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
. 19
23
Kan
to
Gen
.
I I-'
I-'
en
I
No
.
8-9
8
8-9
9
*8
-10
0
*8
-10
1
*8
-10
2
*8
-10
3
*8
-10
4
*8
-10
5
*8
-10
6
*8
-10
7
8-1
08
8-1
09
*8
-11
0
Au
tho
r
K.
Wat
anab
e
D.
Sato
T.
Oga
wa
K.
Tag
o
C.
Hay
akaw
a
T.O
.
Min
istr
y o
f A
gr.
&
C
om.
Min
istr
y o
f A
gr.
&
C
om.
Min
istr
y o
f R
ail
way
s
T.
Tera
da
Tit
le
Th
e D
islo
cati
on
of
Kit
ash
itau
ra
in th
e
Miu
ra P
en
insu
la.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
23
K
an
to
Fau
lt
No
tes
Lev
eli
ng
in
an
d a
rou
nd
th
e S
eis
mic
d
amag
ed s
ites.
19
23
K
an
to
Su
b.
&
Up
h.
Geo
log
ical
Inv
esti
gati
on
of
the E
art
h
qu
ak
e o
f th
e S
him
ab
ara
P
en
insu
la.
Rep
ort
o
n th
e
Kan
to E
art
hq
uak
e
on
S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
.
Th
e In
flu
en
ce o
f th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
on
F
ish
eri
es.
19
24
S
him
ab
ara
19
24
K
an
to
19
24
K
an
to
Eart
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r at
the E
aste
rn P
art
s
19
24
K
an
to
of
Sait
am
a-k
en
.
Eart
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r o
n J
an
. 1
5,
19
24
.
Bre
ak
ag
e o
f C
him
ney
s o
f th
e Ja
pan
ese
S
au
ce F
acto
ry i
n N
od
a-s
hi.
New
H
ot-
sp
rin
g D
isco
vere
d a
t H
amad
a in
th
e P
rov
ince o
f A
wa.
Th
e E
ffects
o
f th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e
on
th
e F
arm
s.
19
24
T
anza
wa
19
24
K
an
to
19
24
K
an
to
19
24
K
an
to
Dam
ages
to
R
esi
den
ts
an
d H
ou
ses
in U
rban
1
92
4
Kan
to
an
d
Su
bu
rban
S
eis
mic
A
reas.
Eart
hq
uak
e
Dam
ages
to
th
e
Rail
way
s.
19
24
K
an
to
On
the G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
. 1
92
4
Kan
to
Geo
log
y
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Gen
.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Grn
d.
Wtr
.
Dam
age
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Pu
b!.
D
am.
Gen
.
J .....
.....
...,
j J
No.
*8
-11
1
8-1
12
8-1
13
8-1
14
*8
-11
5
*8
-11
6
*8
-11
7
8-1
18
8-1
19
*8
-12
0
*8
-12
1
*8
-12
2
Au
tho
r
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Ko
bay
ash
i
T.
O.
T.
O.
T.
Og
ura
T.
Og
ura
H.
Tan
akad
ate
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Cha
nge
in H
eig
ht
of
the P
recis
e L
ev
eli
ng
19
24
Kan
to
Mar
k,
in t
he D
istr
ict
of
Kan
to,
Dam
aged
b
y t
he
Gre
at E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
.
The
Ea~thquake
Dam
ages
to
E
lectr
ic P
lan
ts
1924
K
anto
in
th
e K
anto
D
istr
ict
and
th
e A
do
pte
d
Em
erge
ncy
Mea
sure
s.
The
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
es t
o
Ele
ctr
ic P
lan
ts 1
924
Kan
to
in t
he K
anto
Dis
tric
t an
d t
he A
do
pte
d
Em
erge
ncy
Mea
sure
s (P
art
2).
The
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
es t
o
Ele
ctr
ic P
lan
ts
1924
K
anto
in
th
e K
anto
D
istr
ict
and
th
e A
do
pte
d
Em
erge
ncy
Mea
sure
s (P
art
2).
To
po
gra
ph
ical
Cha
nges
of
Mt.
F
uji
Cau
sed
19
24
Kan
to
by
th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f K
anto
.
An
oth
er E
arth
qu
ake
near
To
yo
ok
a, Hyohgo-ken~925
Taj
ima
Ad
dit
ion
al
No
tes
on t
he E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
in K
yo
to-f
u a
nd
Hy
oh
go
-ken
.
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he F
ire F
oll
ow
ing
it.
1925
T
ajim
a
1925
T
ajim
a
Hy
dro
gra
ph
ical
Su
rvey
o
f th
e
Are
a S
hak
en
1925
T
ajim
a ,b
y th
e T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake.
The
E
arth
qu
ake
in K
yo
to-f
u a
nd
Hy
oh
go
-ken
19
26
T
ajim
a (P
art
1).
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Ky
oto
-fu
an
d H
yo
hg
o-k
en 1
926
Taj
ima
(Part
2).
The
K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he V
ert
ical
1926
K
anto
M
ovem
ent
of
the C
oast
al
Reg
ion
(P
art
1).
Su
b.
&
Uph
.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
Grn
d.
Def
•
Dam
age
Dam
age
Fir
e
Tid
al
Chg
e.
Gen
.
Grn
d.
Def
.
Su
b.
& U
ph. N
ote
s
Grn
d.
Def
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*8
-12
3
T.
Og
ura
T
he E
arth
qu
ake
in K
yo
to-f
u a
nd
Hy
og
o-k
en
19
26
T
ajim
a D
amag
e (P
art
3).
*8
-12
4
H.
Tan
akad
ate
The
Kan
toE
art
hq
uak
e a
nd
th
e V
ert
ical
19
26
K
anto
S
ub
. &
Uph
. M
ovem
ent
of
the C
oast
al
Reg
ion
(P
art
2
).
*8
-12
5
H.
Tan
akad
ate
The
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d th
e V
ert
ical
19
26
K
anto
S
ub
. &
Uph
. M
ovem
ent
of
the C
oast
al
Reg
ion
(P
art
3
).
*8
-12
6
H.
Tan
akad
ate
The
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he V
ert
ical
19
26
K
anto
S
ub
. &
Uph
. M
ovem
ent
of
the C
oast
al
Reg
ion
(P
art
4).
*8
-12
7
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
27
. 1
92
7
Tan
go
Gen
.
*8
-12
8
H.
Tan
akad
ate
The
Ok
uta
ng
o E
arth
qu
ake
and
th
e Vertica~
19
27
T
ango
S
ub
. &
Uph
. M
ovem
ent
of
the C
oast
al
Reg
ion
(P
art
1
).
I I-'
I-'
*8
-12
9
H.
Tan
akad
ate
The
Ok
uta
ng
o E
arth
qu
ake
and
th
e V
ert
ical
19
27
T
ango
S
ub
. &
Uph
. co
I
Mov
emen
t o
f th
e C
oast
al
Reg
ion
(P
art
2
).
*8
-13
0
Pre
cis
e L
ev
eli
ng
acro
ss th
e A
rea
Aff
ecte
d 1
92
7
Tan
go
Lev
. &
Tri
. b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he P
rov
ince o
f T
ang
o.
8-1
31
K
. W
atan
abe
On
To
po
gra
ph
y a
nd
Geo
log
y o
f th
e A
rea
19
28
T
ango
G
eolo
gy
R
ep
ort
by
S
hak
en b
y t
he T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Geo
log
y I
nst.
*8
-13
2
K.
Wat
anab
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d L
and
Def
orm
atio
n
19
28
T
ango
G
en.
(Part
1).
*8
-13
3
K.
Wat
anab
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d L
and
Def
orm
atio
n
19
28
T
ango
G
en.
(Part
2
).
*8
-13
4
K.
Wat
anab
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d L
and
Def
orm
atio
n
19
28
T
ango
G
en.
(Part
3
).
I I-'
I-'
1.0 I
No.
*8
-13
5
8-1
36
*8
-13
7
8-1
38
8-1
39
8-1
40
8-1
41
8-1
42
'8-1
43
8-1
44
*8
-14
5
8-1
46
*8
-14
7
Au
tho
r
K.
Wat
anab
e
K.
Ihara
K.
Ihara
K.
Ihara
R.
End
o
R.
End
o
H.
Kaw
as.u
mi
Y.
Og
asaw
ara
T.
Saw
amur
a
S.E
hara
H.
Yam
aguc
hi
T.
Hir
on
o
Tit
le
Tan
go
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d L
and
Def
ora
mti
on
(P
art
4).
On
the T
op
og
rap
hy
an
d G
eolo
gy
of
the
Are
as
Sh
aken
by
th
e
Izu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
28
T
ango
G
en.
19
31
Iz
u
Geo
log
y
Vio
len
t E
arth
qu
ake
of
No
rth
wes
tern
Kan
to.
19
31
N
ish
i-S
ait
am
a
Gen
.
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
s in
th
e
Are
a S
hak
en
By
the Iz
u E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
1).
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
s in
th
e
Are
a S
hake
n:
by t
he Iz
u E
arth
qu
ake.
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e O
ga
Pen
insu
la,
Ak
ita
ken
, (P
art
1).
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e O
ga
Pen
insu
la,
Ak
ita
ken
.
On
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
The
Su
bsi
den
ce o
f L
and
in N
ort
her
n
Sh
iko
ku
: T
he E
art
h M
ovem
ent
Fo
llo
win
g t
he
Nan
kai
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d it
s In
flu
en
ce o
n
Hum
an L
ife.
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n th
e G
eo
log
ical
Mov
em
ent
Fo
llo
win
g t
he N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake.
The
Nan
kai
T
ren
ch a
nd
th
e B
lock
Mov
em
ent
of
Sh
iko
ku
.
The
Ear
thq
uak
e o
ff S
ou
theast
Kam
chat
ka.
The
C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
96
0.
19
31
Iz
u
Grn
d.
Def
.
1932
Iz
u
Grn
d.
Def
.
19
39
O
ga
Gen
.
19
39
O
ga
Gen
.
19
49
F
uk
ui
Gen
.
19
49
N
ank
ai
Gro
und
19
51
N
ank
ai
Gro
und
1952
N
ank
ai
1952
K
amch
atka
1961
C
hil
ean
No
tes
Fau
lt
9.
THE
EART
H
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
9-1
T
. O
gaw
a S
tud
y o
n t
he K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
1:
1924
K
anto
G
eolo
gy
T
op
og
rap
hy
an
d G
eolo
gic
al S
tru
ctu
res
in t
he K
anto
Pla
in).
9-2
F
. H
onm
a S
tud
y o
n t
he K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
2
: 19
24
Kan
to
Dam
age
Som
e D
est
ructi
ve P
heno
men
a R
e-su
ltin
g f
rom
th
e K
anto
Eart
hq
uak
e).
9-3
S
. It
o
Stu
dy
on
th
e K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
3:
1924
K
anto
T
suna
mi
The
S
agam
i-n
ada
Tsu
nam
i).
9-4
T
. O
gaw
a S
tud
y o
n t
he K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
4:
1924
K
anto
C
ause
A
New
In
terp
reta
tio
n o
f th
e
Cau
se o
f I
Ear
thq
uak
es)
• .....
N
0 I
9-5
T
. O
gaw
a S
tud
y o
n t
he K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
5:
1924
K
anto
ca
use
C
hara
cte
rist
ics
of
Dee
p E
arth
qu
akes
(1
» •
9-6
K
. Id
e
Stu
dy
on
th
e K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
6:
1924
K
cmto
O
ther
s E
arth
qu
akes
an
d M
ines
).
9-7
T
. O
gaw
a S
tud
y o
n t
he K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
7
: 19
24
Kan
to
Cau
se
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ics
of
Dee
p E
arth
qu
akes
(2
) )
•
9-8
F
. H
orru
na
Stu
dy
on
th
e K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
8:
1924
K
anto
G
eolo
gy
G
ener
al S
urv
ey o
n t
he G
eolo
gic
al S
tru
ctu
re
in M
t.
Tan
zaw
a).
9-9
T
. O
gaw
a S
tud
y o
n t
he K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
9
: 19
24
Kan
to
Su
b.
& U
ph.
Up
hea
val
an
d S
ub
sid
ence
in
Sag
ami
Bay
).
I .....
N .....
I
No
.
9-1
0
9-1
1
9-1
2
9-1
3
9-1
4
9-1
5
9-1
6
9-1
7
9-1
8
9-1
9
9-2
0
9-2
1
Au
tho
r
T.
Kam
ihari
R.
Ko
ide
T.
Og
awa
S.
Ish
ikaw
a
N.
Ku
mag
a
M.
Nis
hik
i
M.
Fu
nak
osh
i
T.
Kam
ihari
S.
Ish
ikaw
a
S.
Nak
amu
ra
T.
Og
awa
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C1
ass
fi
cati
on
N
ote
s
Stu
dy
on
th
e
Kan
to E
art
hq
uak
e
(Part
1
0:
Eart
hq
uak
es
in S
agam
i D
istr
icts
o
n
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
an
d Jan
. 1
5,
19
24
).
Mt.
K
imp
o
an
d th
e
Kum
amot
o E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
24
K
an
to
19
24
K
um
amo
to
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
N
ort
h T
aji
ma.
19
25
T
aji
ma
Su
rvey
R
ep
ort
o
n t
he
Are
a
Sh
ak
en
b
y t
he
Taji
ma-K
ita E
art
hq
uak
e.
Deep
ness
an
d C
hara
cte
risti
cs o
f th
e
Taji
ma E
art
hq
uak
e H
yp
ocen
ter.
Th
e K
an
to E
art
hq
uak
e
an
d
Ko
be
Po
rt.
19
25
T
aji
ma
19
25
T
aji
ma
19
25
K
an
to
Rep
ort
o
n th
e S
urv
ey
of
the S
ea S
urf
ace
19
25
T
aji
ma
in
Are
a
Dam
aged
by
th
e T
an
go
-Taji
ma
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Wak
asa
Bay
an
d th
e
Fau
lt L
ine
Ru
nn
ing
No
rth
T
aji
ma an
d th
e
Ky
oto
B
asin
.
Th
e A
nse
i E
art
hq
uak
e in
Sak
ai,
S
en
shu
, an
d th
e F
oll
ow
ing
Tsu
nam
i.
19
26
T
aji
ma
19
26
A
nse
i
New
D
ata
o
f th
e
Taji
ma E
art
hq
uak
e
in
19
25
.19
27
T
aji
ma
Th
e S
eis
mic
L
ine
an
d th
e
Wea
k G
rou
nd
1
92
9
Tan
go
L
ine d
uri
ng
th
e
Tan
go
-Min
eyam
a E
art
hq
uak
e
(Part
1
).
Th
e T
ang
o-M
ineY
ama
Eart
hq
uak
e a
nd
it
s
19
27
T
ang
o
Inte
rpre
tati
on
.
Gen
. T
anza
wa
Gen
.
Gen
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Cau
se
Oth
ers
Tid
al
Ch
g.
Fau
lt
Gen
. T
sun
am
i
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Fau
lt
Gen
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
9-2
2
S.
Nak
amur
a T
he
Sei
smic
Lin
e an
d t
he W
eak
Gro
und
1927
T
ango
F
au
lt
Lin
e d
uri
ng
th
e T
ango
-Min
eyam
a E
art
h-
9-2
3
N.
Kum
agai
q
uak
e (P
art
2).
T
he D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f G
rav
ity
in
th
e
1927
K
anto
G
rav
ity
K
anto
Pla
in
(Part
1).
9-2
4
N.
Kum
agai
T
he D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f G
rav
ity
in
th
e
1927
K
anto
G
rav
ity
K
anto
Pla
in
(Part
2).
9-2
5
S.
Nak
amur
a T
he N
eo F
au
lt
1927
N
oh
bi
Fau
lt
(189
1)
9-2
6
N.
Kum
agai
T
he D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f G
rav
ity
in
th
e
1927
K
anto
G
rav
ity
K
anto
Pla
in
(Part
3).
9-2
7
S.
Nak
amur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he H
yp
oce
nte
rs o
f th
e A
nse
i 19
28
An
sei
Oth
ers
H
oei
an
d H
oei
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
es
(Part
1).
G
en.
I 9
-28
T
he D
istr
ibu
tio
n M
ap o
f th
e D
amag
e R
esu
1t-
19
28
I-
' F
. H
onrn
a T
ango
D
amag
e t>
.l t>
.l in
g f
rom
th
e O
ku-T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e.
I
9-2
9
T.
Shi
mom
a T
he E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he A
so D
istr
ict
in
19
29
A
so
Gen
. K
umam
oto-
ken.
9-3
0
T.
Oga
wa
Gro
und
Mov
emen
t R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e Iz
u
1931
Iz
u
Grn
d.
Def
. E
arth
qu
ake.
9-3
1
Y.
Kir
nizu
ka
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
reas
S
hak
en b
y
1931
Iz
u
Srv
y.
Rep
. th
e K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
9-3
2
Sev
era
l P
heno
men
a A
ccom
pany
ing'
. 'th
e K
i ta-
1931
Iz
u
Fau
lt
Izu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
9-3
3
M.
Fu
nak
osh
i T
he T
anna
Fau
lt.
19
31
Iz
u
Fau
lt
I I-'
t\)
W
I
No.
9-3
4
9-3
5
9-3
6
9-3
7
Au
tho
r
Y.
Su
gay
a
J.
Yo
nek
ura
J.
Mak
iyam
a
T.
Kam
ihar
i
Tit
le
Dat
e
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n th
e
Su
rvey
of
Dam
age
19
31
b
etw
een
Han
-no
an
d Y
ori
i R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e S
aita
ma
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Dis
locati
on
of
Vil
lag
es
on
San
rik
u C
oas
t 1
93
4
Dam
aged
by
th
e T
sun
ami:
M
isak
i-m
ura
, K
esen
-gu
n,
Iwate
-ken
.
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
of
the S
hiz
uo
ka
19
35
E
arth
qu
ake.
Mon
umen
t o
f th
e A
nse
i E
arth
qu
ake
in U
eno,
1
93
6
Iga,
and
th
e G
roun
d D
efo
rmat
ion
du
rin
g
the A
nse
i E
ra.
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
Nis
hi-
Dam
age
Sai
tam
a
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i (1
933)
Sh
izu
ok
a G
eolo
gy
An
sei
Gen
. G
rnd
. D
ef.
I I-'
N "'" I
No.
10
-1
10
-2
10
-3
10
-4
10
-5
10
-6
10
-7
10
-8
10
-9
10
-10
10
-11
10
-12
Au
tho
r
Y.
Og
asaw
ara
K.
Sh
ino
Gro
und
Su
rvey
O
ffic
e,
G.S
.J.
Y.
Og
asaw
ara
K.
Sh
ino
M.
Ohm
ori
K.
Yam
aguc
hi
F~rst
Dep
t.
of
Su
rvey
" "
Geo
gra
ph
ical
S
urv
ey o
f Ja
pan
10
. JO
UR
NA
L O
F TH
E G
EOLO
GIC
AL
SURV
EY
INST
ITU
TE
O
F JA
PAN
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Gro
und
Mov
emen
t in
No
rth
Sh
iko
ku
: S
ub
si
den
ce o
f th
e S
alt
Far
ms.
Rep
ort
on
th
e R
etr
ian
gu
lati
on
aft
er
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
Lev
eli
ng
of
the F
irst
Cla
ss
Ben
chm
arks
in
th
e N
ohbi
Dis
tric
t.
1948
N
ank
ai
1949
F
uk
ui
19
49
N
ohbi
(1
891)
The
Dam
age
and
Gro
und
Def
orm
atio
n R
esu
lt-
1949
F
uk
ui
ing
fro
m t
he F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Mai
nly
, F
au
lt.
Rep
ort
an
d A
eri
al
Ph
oto
of
the D
amag
e b
y t
he F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
Re-l
ev
eli
ng
of
Fir
st
iCla
ss
Ben
chm
ark
s in
th
e A
reas
D
amag
ed b
y t
he
Fu
ku
i E
arth
qu
ake.
19
49
F
uk
ui
1949
F
uk
ui
Grn
d.
Def
. S
ub
. &
Uph
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Lev
. &
T
ri.
lj}o
hnan
kai
Tan
go
Dam
age
Fau
lt
Dam
age
Lev
. &
T
ri.
Su
rvey
of
the S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e
To
kac
hi-
ok
i E
arth
qu
ake.
19
52
To
kac
hi-
ok
i G
en.
Rep
ort
on
Lev
elin
g o
f F
irst
Cla
ss
Ben
ch-
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Lev
. &
Tri
. S
ub
. &
Uph
. m
ark
s at
the
Are
a S
hak
en b
y t
he T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
Dis
locati
on
s o
f th
e
Fir
st
Cla
ss T
rian
gu
lar
Po
ints
in
th
e
Ish
ikaw
a an
d t
he F
uk
ui
Dis
tric
ts.
Rep
ort
on
th
e L
evel
ing
of
Yo
shin
o
Dis
tric
t b
y N
2.
1953
F
uk
ui
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vmt.
1953
Y
osh
ino
L
ev.
& T
ri.
Rep
ort
on
th
e L
ev
eli
ng
aft
er
the
To
kac
hi-
ok
i E
arth
qu
ake.
1
95
6
To
kac
hi-
ok
i L
ev.
& T
ri.
Dam
age
and
Gro
und
Def
orm
atio
n R
esu
ltin
g
19
49
F
uk
ui
fro
m th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Mai
nly
, E
arth
qu
ake
and
Fau
lt.
Dam
age
Fau
lt
11
. TH
E G
EOG
RA
PHY
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
11
-1
K.
Kag
awa
Su
rvey
of
the A
rea S
hak
en
b
y th
e
19
35
S
hiz
uo
ka
Gen
. Suruga$hizuok~Earthquake.
(19
35
)
11
-2
M.
Tan
ak
a
Ex
peri
en
ce o
f th
e S
hiz
uo
ka E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
35
S
hiz
uo
ka
Gen
. D
amag
e (1
93
5)
11
-3
A.
Kis
hi
Ch
ara
cte
risti
cs o
f th
e
Kaw
ach
i E
art
h-
19
36
K
aw
ach
i-G
en.
qu
ak
e
an
d it
s In
terp
reta
tio
n.
Yam
ato
11
-4
R.
Oh
ash
i T
he
Eart
hq
uak
e th
at
Occu
rred
in
an
d
19
38
D
ewa
Gen
. N
osh
iro
, aro
un
d
Og
ash
ima.
O
ga
(18
10
)
11
-5
M.
Tak
ah
ash
i R
ep
ort
o
n S
eis
mic
D
amag
e b
y th
e
Og
a 1
93
9
Og
a D
amag
e E
art
hq
uak
e.
I 1
1-6
M
. Is
him
oto
T
he
Mom
oyam
a E
art
hq
uak
e in
th
e
Ey
es
of
19
40
B
un
go
G
en.
I-'
an
Ita
lian
Mis
sio
nary
. !\
)
U1 I
J I-'
l'\.)
0\ I
NO
.
12
-1
12
-2
12
-3
12
-4
12
-5
12
-6
12
-7
12
-8
12
-9
12
-10
12
-11
12
-12
Au
tho
r
A.
Imam
ura
N.
Yam
asak
i
F.
Tad
a
R.
Oh
ash
i
F.
Tad
a
R.
Oh
ash
i
H.
wat
anab
e
N.
Nas
u
A.
Imam
ura
R.
Oh
ash
i
F.
Tad
a
I.Z.:.
. TH
E G
EOG
RA
PHIC
AL
REV
IEW
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f th
e G
reat
Taj
ima
Eart
h
qu
ake.
Hy
po
cen
ter
of
the
Taj
ima
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
Sea
Su
rface i
n t
he A
reas
D
amag
ed b
y t
he T
ang
o-T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake.
The
Ok
uta
ng
o
Ear
thq
uak
e.
The
A
kit
a F
au
lt o
r H
yp
oce
nte
r o
f th
e
Ten
cho
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e D
ewa
Dis
tric
t.
1925
T
ajim
a
1925
T
ajim
a
1925
T
ajim
a
1927
T
ango
1927
D
ewa
Ho
rizo
nta
l M
ovem
ent
in t
he K
anto
Dis
tric
t.1
92
7
Kan
to
The
Oga
E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
810
and
th
e
Ayu
kaw
a F
au
lt.
Mar
ine
Terr
ace i
n t
he S
ou
th B
ohso
P
en
insu
la
(Part
1).
1928
O
ga
1929
K
anto
Sh
ape
of
Blo
cks
infe
rred
on
th
e B
asi
s 19
29
Tan
go
of
Ob
serv
ed T
hre
e-d
imen
sio
nal
Dis
trib
uti
on
o
f A
fter
sho
cks
Fo
llo
win
g t
he T
ango
E
arth
qu
ake.
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Mu
1ti
-Hy
po
cen
tra1
F
eatu
res
of
the K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d
a G
roup
d o
f F
au
lts
Ass
ocia
ted
wit
h i
t.
An
E
xp
erim
ent
to In
vest
igate
th
e G
roun
d C
hara
cte
rist
ics
of
the
Kan
to D
istr
ict.
Fau
lt S
carp
Resu
ltin
g
fro
m a
R
ever
se
Fau
lt.
19
30
K
anto
19
30
K
anto
19
30
T
ango
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Fau
lt
Cau
se
Gen
.
Fau
lt
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Gen
. F
au
lt
Geo
log
y
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Fau
lt
Cau
se
Geo
log
y
Exp
. M
eas.
Fau
lt
I I-'
N
-.J I
No.
12
-13
12
-14
12
-15
12
-16
12
-17
*1
2-1
8
12
-19
*1
2-2
0
*1
2-2
1
*1
2-2
2
Au
tho
r
C.
Tsu
bo
i
N.
Yab
e
A.
Imam
ura
S.
Yam
agu
chi
Y.
Ots
uk
a
H.
Kun
o
S.
Aw
aji
R.
Oh
ash
i
A.
Tsu
bo
i
A.
Tsu
i';i
i
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Blo
ck
Mo
vem
ent
Infe
rred
b
y R
etr
ian
gu
la-
19
30
T
ang
o
tio
n in
th
e
Tan
go
D
istr
ict.
Th
e R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e
Kan
to E
art
h-
19
30
K
an
to
qu
ak
e,
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
, an
d th
e Geo1o~~
of
the
Are
a S
ev
ere
ly S
hak
en b
y th
e
Kan
to
Eart
hq
uak
e.
On
the C
rusta
l D
efo
rmati
on
s P
reced
ing
1
93
1
Han
eda
an
d F
oll
ow
ing
th
e
Sev
ere
H
aned
a E
art
hq
uak
e o
f A
ug
. 3
, 1
92
6.
Ch
ang
es in
th
e
Dep
th o
f S
agam
i B
ay
Re-
19
33
K
an
to
su
ltin
g f
rom
th
e G
reat
Kan
to
Eart
hq
uak
es.
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n th
e
Bu
san
1
93
5
Kan
to
Fau
lt in
Miu
ra P
en
insu
la b
y D
r.
N.
Yam
a-sak
i.
On
the
Tan
na
Fau
lt,
its
Am
ou
nt
of
19
36
Iz
u
Dis
pla
cem
en
t sin
ce th
e P
leis
tocen
e P
eri
od
.
Fau
lt T
op
og
rap
hy
in
an
d aro
un
d N
ag
an
o-s
hi.
19
36
Z
en
k0
hji
Tw
o P
ara
llel
Tears
at
Tak
ash
imiz
u H
ill
19
36
D
ewa
near
Ak
ita a
nd
th
eir
P
rob
ab
le B
eari
ng
on
th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f 8
30
.
Kern
bu
ts
alo
ng
th
e A
cti
ve F
au
lt o
f th
e
To
tto
ri E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
44
T
ott
ori
Cru
sta
l M
ov
emen
t in
th
e
East
ern
Co
ast
of
19
47
T
ott
ori
T
ott
ori
-ken
.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Geo
log
y
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Intr
od
ucto
ry
Lit
era
ture
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Intr
od
ucto
ry
Lit
era
ture
Fau
lt
Geo
log
y
Fau
lt
Fau
lt
Su
bst
an
ce o
f L
ec
Fau
lt
Fau
lt
Geo
log
y
Su
b.
& U
ph
.
I I-'
tv
00
I
No.
12
-23
12
-24
12
-25
*1
2-2
6
12
-27
12
-28
Au
tho
r
A.
Tsu
iji
R.
Tay
ama
R.
Tay
ama
R.
Tay
ama
S.
Miy
amot
o
A.
Mog
i
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Sev
era
l O
bse
rvat
ion
s o
n t
he R
ela
tio
nsh
ip
1947
T
ott
ori
b
etw
een
To
po
gra
ph
y a
nd
Acti
ve F
au
lts
base
d o
n t
he T
ott
ori
Ear
thq
uak
e,
19
43
.
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
Hy
po
cen
ter
in t
he
Are
a _
1947
N
ank
ai
Sh
aken
by
th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake.
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f th
e H
yp
oce
nte
r O
ff
Kii
-su
ido
.
Su
bm
arin
e T
op
og
rap
hy
off
th
e P
acif
ic
Co
ast
of
Sh
iko
ku
.
1947
N
ank
ai
19
49
N
ank
ai
Ano
mal
y o
f th
e P
rop
agat
ion
Sp~ed o
f th
e
1950
F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e W
ave
Ob
serv
ed b
efo
re a
nd
aft
er
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t at
the S
ea B
ott
om
ar
ou
nd
Aw
ashi
ma
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1965
N
iig
ata
Fau
lt
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Su
bst
ance
of
lee.
Geo
log
y
Su
bst
ance
of
lee.
Exp
. M
eas.
Su
bst
ance
of
Rep
ort
Pre
sen
tati
on
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
13
• SE
EC
IAL
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E IM
PER
IAL
G
EOLO
GIC
AL
SUR
VEY
IN
STIT
UT
E O
F JA
PAN
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*1
3-1
S
pecia
l R
epo
rt N
o.
1:
Rep
ort
s o
n th
e
19
25
K
anto
S
rvy
. R
ep.
13
-2 t
hru
13
-9
Kan
to E
art
hq
uak
e,
Sep
t.
19
23
, (P
art
1
).
are
co
nte
nts
o
f 1
3-l
.
13
-2
M.
Kad
ok
ura
R
ep
ort
on
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Sait
am
a-k
en
. 1
92
5
Kan
to
Srv
y.
Rep
.
13
-3
T.
Oh
ash
i R
ep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in I
bara
gi-
ken
, 1
92
5
Kan
to
Srv
y.
Rep
. T
och
igi-
ken
, an
d G
umm
a-ke
n.
13
-4
K.
Ihara
R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
in t
ne'-
No
rtfi
east
19
25
K
anto
S
rvy
. R
ep.
of
To
ky
o.
13
-5
R.
Kim
ura
R
ep
ort
on
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e S
ou
theast
of
19
25
K
anto
S
rvy
. R
ep.
To
ky
o.
I I-'
13
-6
H.
Sato
R
ep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Wes
t o
f T
ok
yo
. 1
92
5
Kan
to
Srv
y.
Rep
. N
1.
0 I 1
3-7
T
. A
kag
i R
ep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in S
ou
ther
nm
ost
1
92
5
Kan
to
Srv
y.
Rep
. T
ok
yo
.
13
-8
H.
Sato
R
epo
rt o
n t
he
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e N
ort
h o
f 1
92
5
Kan
to
Srv
y.
Rep
. T
ok
yo
.
13
-9
T.
Ak
agi
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he E
ast
of
19
25
K
anto
S
rvy
. R
ep.
To
ky
o.
*1
3-1
0
Sp
ecia
l R
epo
rt N
o.
2:
Rep
ort
s o
n th
e
19
25
K
anto
S
rvy
R
ep.
13
-11
th
ru 1
3-1
3
Kan
to
Eart
hq
uak
e,
Sep
t.
19
23
, (P
art
2
).
are
co
nte
nts
of
13
-10
.
13
-11
M
. K
ado
hu
ra
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e at
Aw
a-g
un
, 1
92
5
Kan
to
Srv
y.
Rep
. C
hib
a-k
en.
13
-12
T
. O
gu
ra
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in K
azu
sa
and
1
92
5
Kan
to
Srv
y.
Rep
. S
him
oh
sa,
Ch
iba-
ken
.
I .....
w
o I
No.
13
-13
*1
3-1
4
*1
3-1
5
*1
3-1
6
*1
3-1
7
*1
3-1
8
*1
3-1
9
*1
3-2
0
13
-21
*1
3-2
2
*1
3-2
3
Au
tho
r
N.
Kiy
ono
Geo
log
ical
su
rvey
of
Jap
an
K.
Mat
suno
K.
Kur
oda
K.
Kur
oda
I.
Mu
rai
T.
Kak
imi
s. K
am
ata
N.
Ob
ara
O.
Fu
ku
ta
s.
San
o
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in a
nd
aro
un
d
Ch
iba-s
hi.
Sp
ecia
l R
epo
rt N
o.3
: R
epo
rt o
f th
e
Geo
log
ical
Su
rvey
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
h
qu
ake.
On
the G
eolo
gic
al S
tru
ctu
re o
f th
e
No
rth
east
ern
Part
(M
ura
kam
i-T
suru
ok
a A
rea
of
the N
iig
ata
Dis
tric
t.
1925
1966
1966
Kan
to
Nii
gata
Nii
gata
Som
e N
ote
s o
n t
he G
eo
log
ical
Str
uctu
re o
f 19
66
Nii
gata
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
istr
ict.
Pale
ozo
ic R
ocks
of
the E
chig
o M
ou
nta
in
19
66
N
iig
ata
R
ange
, N
ort
heast
Jap
an.
Tec
ton
ic A
naly
sis
of
the D
istr
ict
bet
wee
n 1
96
6
Mur
akam
i an
d T
suru
ok
a.
Nii
gata
Geo
log
ical
Str
uctu
re o
f A
was
him
a Is
lan
d
wit
h S
pecia
l R
efer
ence
to
th
e F
ractu
re
Sy
stem
s.
A S
tud
y o
n t
he G
eolo
gic
al S
tru
ctu
res
.by
So
nic
Ex
plo
rati
on
aro
un
d t
he E
pic
en
ter
of
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Geo
log
ical
Res
earc
h i
n t
he N
iig
ata
Dis
tr
ict.
Geo
log
ical
Stu
dy
on
Tw
o T
est
-well
s in
th
e N
iig
ata
Are
a.
The
In
flu
en
ce o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e up
on t
he R
adio
iso
top
e O
bse
rvat
ion
Wel
ls
Co
nst
ruct
ed f
or
the S
tud
y o
f L
and
Su
b
sid
en
ce.
1966
N
iig
ata
1966
N
iig
ata
1966
N
iig
ata
1966
N
iig
ata
19
66
N
iig
ata
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Gro
und
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*1
3-2
4
K.
Sey
a G
rav
ity
an
d L
ev
eli
ng
Su
rvey
in
th
e A
rea
19
66
N
iig
ata
G
rav
ity
L
ev.
& T
ri.
wh
ich
Su
ffere
d f
rom
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
*1
3-2
5
K.
Juro
da
On
Ch
ang
es o
f H
ot-
spri
ng
s O
bse
rved
aft
er
19
66
N
iig
ata
G
rnd
. W
tr.
the N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
*1
3-2
6
T.
Mu
rash
ita
Dam
age
to t
he
Gro
und
Su
rface a
nd
Flu
c-
19
66
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e G
rnd
. W
tr.
tuati
on
of
the G
rou
nd
Wat
er
Lev
el
Cau
sed
by
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
*1
3-2
7
T.
Mak
ino
The
Cha
nge
of
the W
ater
Lev
el o
f th
e
19
66
N
iig
ata
G
rnd
. W
tr.
Natu
ral
Gas
W
ells
by
th
e N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he N
iig
ata
D
istr
ict.
*1
3-2
8
K.
Su
gai
S
pecia
l R
epo
rt N
o.
4:
Rep
ort
of
a 1
96
6
Nii
gata
UJ
Pre
lim
inary
Su
rvey
on
th
e N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake.
I I-'
W
I\J
I
No.
14
-1
14
-2
14
-3
14
-4
14
-5
14
-6
14
-7
14
-8
14
-9
14
-10
14
-11
14
-12
14
. TH
E JO
UR
NA
L O
F TH
E G
EOLO
GIC
AL
SOC
IETY
O
F JA
PAN
Au
tho
r
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
K.
Su
gay
a
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
S.
Sek
iya
Tit
le
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e (p
art
2).
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
3).
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e (p
art
4).
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
5).
The
G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e S
ho
hn
ai
Dis
tric
t d
uri
ng
th
e B
unka
Era
.
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
6).
The
Ear
thq
uak
es i
n t
he T
sug
aru
:D
istr
ict
fro
m t
he K
eich
o E
ra
to
the A
nse
i E
ra
(159
6 -
18
54
).
The
Gre
at E
arth
qu
ake
and
th
e F
loo
d
in
Hac
hin
oh
e d
uri
ng
th
e H
oh
rek
i E
ra.
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
emur
o E
arth
qu
ake.
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
7).
On
the R
esu
lt o
f th
e O
bse
rvat
ion
of
the
Ear
thq
uak
e at
14
:40
on
Ju
ne
20
, 1
89
4.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1893
N
ohbi
(1
891)
18
93
Noh
bi
(189
1)
1894
N
ohbi
(1
891)
1894
N
ohbi
(1
891)
1894
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
1894
K
isak
ata
1894
N
ohbi
(1
891)
1894
1894
H
ach
ino
he
(176
3)
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Gen
.
Grn
d.
Def
.
Gen
.
Dam
age
1894
K
ush
iro
-ok
i G
en.
No
tes
Srv
y.R
ep.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Gen
.
1894
N
ohbi
(1
891)
G
rnd
. D
ef.F
au1
t
1894
T
okyo
E
xp.
Mea
s.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
14
-13
T
okyo
In
st.
o
f T
ime
His
tory
of
the S
tro
ng
Seis
mic
1
89
4
Tok
yo
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Scie
nce.
Mo
tio
n o
n J
un
e 2
0,
18
94
.
14
-14
F
. O
hmor
i R
ep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
on
Jan
. 1
0,
18
94
.18
94
N
oh
bi
Gen
.
14
-15
T
he
Ryo
-U
(Sh
oh
nai
) G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e.
18
94
S
ho
hn
ai
Gen
.
14
-16
O
n th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e in
an
d
aro
un
d
18
94
S
ho
hn
ai
Dam
age
Sak
ata
-sh
i.
14
-17
V
ari
ou
s P
heno
men
a A
cco
mp
any
ing
th
e
18
94
S
ho
hn
ai
Grn
d.
Def
. S
ak
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
14
-18
Y
. Is
hii
T
he G
eo
log
ical
Str
uctu
re
aro
un
d
18
94
S
ho
hn
ai
Geo
log
y
Ch
oh
kai
zan
an
d t
he
Ryo
-U
(Sh
on
ai)
Eart
h-
qu
ake.
I I-'
The
K
umam
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he
18
9
Vo
lcan
o
So
un
d
w
14
-19
K
umam
oto
w
Su
bte
rran
ean
Ru
mb
lin
g 6
f R
yo
hza
n in
th
e
Aso
S
pa.
I
14
-20
N
. Y
amaz
aki
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Rik
u-U
Eart
hq
uak
e.
18
96
R
iku
-U
Gen
.
14
-21
D
r.
Dab
iso
n's
In
vest
igati
on
on
th
e
18
9
No
hb
i E
qk
e.
Act.
In
flu
en
ce o
f th
e G
reat
No
hb
i E
art
hq
uak
e
(189
1)
of
18
90
.
14
-22
T
he E
arth
qu
ake
in N
agan
o-k
en
on
Ap
r.
30
, 1
89
7
Kam
itak
ai
Gen
. 1
89
7.
14
-23
T
he
Nag
ano
Eart
hq
uak
e.
18
97
K
amit
akai
G
en.
14
-24
A
. Im
amur
a O
n th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d th
e F
oll
ow
ing
1
89
7
San
rik
u
Gen
. T
sun
mai
T
sun
ami
on
Aug
. 5
, 1
89
6.
14
-25
F
. O
hmor
i O
n th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e
Gre
at
Eart
h-
18
98
K
ush
iro
-ok
i A
fters
ho
ck
q
uak
e in
Ho
kk
aid
o
on
Mar
. 2
2,
18
94
.
I r-o
w
:..
I
No.
14
-26
14
-27
*1
4-2
8
14
-29
14
-30
*1
4-3
1
14
-32
14
-33
*1
4-3
4
*1
4-3
5
14
-36
*1
4-3
7
14
-38
Au
tho
r
T.
Iki
N.
Fu
ku
chi
H.
Hac
hiy
a
B.
Ko
toh
F.
Ohm
ori
I.
.Kom
ada
R.
Oh
has
hi
F.
Ohm
ori
T.
Kat
o
M.
Kak
ihar
a
B.
Kot
o
S.
Nak
amur
a
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f S
end
ai
Dis
tric
t D
amag
ed b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake
on
May
1
2.
The
Gre
at E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he S
ou
th I
zu
Is
lan
ds
on
Nov
. 5
, 1
90
0.
1900
R
iku
zen
1901
M
iak
ejim
a
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e in
th
e T
sug
aru
Dis
tric
t 19
02
Tsu
gar
u
in 1
76
6.
The
Hy
po
cen
ter
of
the A
ki-
Iyo
(G
ei-y
o)
Ear
thq
uak
e.
The
Ex
plo
sio
n o
f U
nze
n-d
ake
in 1
79
2.
The
D
est
ructi
ve E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he P
ro
vin
ces
Ohm
i an
d M
ino,
A
ug.
14
, 1
90
9.
The
Ap
pea
ran
ce b
efo
re a
nd
aft
er
the
Eru
pti
on
of
May
uyam
a in
Biz
en
Sh
imab
ara,
1
79
2.
1906
G
ei-y
o
1908
S
him
abar
a
19
09
Jo
-No
1914
S
him
abar
a
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the C
ause
fo
r th
e
1917
U
gose
n A
kit
a E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
91
4.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Dam
age
Geo
log
y
Vo
lcan
o
Gen
.
Vo
lcan
o
Cau
se
No
tes
Bu
i1.
Dam
.
On
the C
oll
apse
of
the M
ae-Y
ama,
V
olc
ano
19
18
Sh
imab
ara
Unz
en in
17
92
. M
t.
Ln
ds1
de.
V
olc
ano
, G
en.
pre
lim
inary
No
tes
on
th
e K
anto
E
arth
qu
ake
1923
K
anto
in
Jap
an,
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
.
On
the H
yp
oce
nte
r o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
on
S
ep
t.
I,
19
23
.
The
Iw
atsu
ki
Sei
smic
Z
one
as
a F
acto
r o
f th
e G
reat
Tok
yo E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
23
.
Geo
log
ical
Str
uctu
res
aro
un
d t
he N
eo
Fau
lt.
1923
K
anto
1929
K
anto
1933
N
ohbi
(1
891)
Gen
.
Gen
.
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Su
bst
ance
of
lee.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
14
-39
M
. Y
osh
ii
On
the S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
93
5.
19
36
S
hiz
uo
ka
Gen
. S
ub
stan
ce o
f le
e.
(193
5)
14
-40
H
. T
suy
a G
eolo
gy
of
Nii
jim
a,
Izu
. 1
93
7
Nii
jim
a
Geo
log
y
Su
bst
an
ce o
f le
e.
(193
6)
14
-41
R
. M
ori
mo
to
Geo
log
y o
f th
e L
ev
eli
ng
Lin
e.
19
50
N
ank
ai
Geo
log
y
14
-42
J.
Yan
gai
O
n th
e M
ou
nta
in L
an
dsl
ide
Resu
ltin
g
fro
m
19
50
Im
aic
hi
Mt.
L
nd
sld
e.
the E
arth
qu
ake
aro
un
d Im
aic
hi-
shi.
14
-43
S
. E
to
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e G
rou
nd
1
96
2
No
hb
i G
rnd
. D
ef.
Cra
cks
and
th
e
Dam
age
Dis
trib
uti
on
in
(1
891)
th
e N
oh
bi
Pla
in.
14
-44
K
. N
akam
ura
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e D
islo
cati
on
of
19
65
N
iig
ata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Aw
ashi
ma
du
e to
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e I
and
th
at
of
the G
eo
log
ical
Ag
e.
.....
w
U1
14
-45
T
. K
akam
i S
tress-f
ield
aro
un
d A
was
him
a In
ferr
ed
fro
m1
96
5
Nii
gata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
I
the C
rack
s in
th
e G
rou
nd
.
14
-46
A
. M
ogi
The
T
op
og
rap
hy
an
d
Geo
log
y
19
65
N
iig
ata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Lectu
re
of
the S
ea B
ott
om
in
th
e
No
rth
of
Sad
o
and
th
e
Sea
Bo
tto
m M
ovem
ent
aro
un
d
Aw
ashi
ma
du
e to
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
14
-47
E
. H
on
za
The
Geo
log
ical
Str
uctu
re o
f th
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
S
ea B
ott
om
aro
un
d A
was
him
a.
I .... W
0' I
No.
15
-1
*1
5-2
*1
5-3
*1
5-4
*1
5-5
*1
5-6
15
-7
15
-8
15
-9
15
-10
Au
tho
r
K.
Ino
ue
c. S
oyam
a
M.
Kag
ayam
a
O.
Oga
wa
K.
Tak
euch
i
K.
Ak
i
Hom
e O
ffic
e
T.
Nag
akub
o
Min
istr
y o
f R
ailw
ays
T.
Shi
man
o
15
. JO
UR
NA
L O
F TH
E JA
PAN
SO
CIE
TY
OF
CIV
IL E
NG
INEE
RS
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
On
the G
eolo
gy
of
Tok
yo A
rea
(Lectu
re).
19
24
Kan
to
Sym
posi
um o
n t
he D
amag
es
do
ne
by
th
e
1924
K
anto
R
ecen
t E
arth
qu
ake
and
'f-he
Em
erge
ncy
Mea
-su
res
tak
en
on
Var
iou
s E
ng
inee
rin
g W
orks
: T
he T
okyo
Str
eet
Rai
lway
.
Sym
posi
um o
n t
he D
amag
es
do
ne
by
th
e
1924
K
anto
R
ecen
t E
arth
qu
ake
and
th
e E
mer
genc
y M
easu
res
tak
en
on
Var
iou
s E
ng
inee
rin
g
Wor
ks:
Gov
ernm
ent ~i1ways.
Sym
posi
um o
n t
he D
amag
es
do
ne
by
th
e
Rec
ent
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he E
mer
genc
y M
easu
res
tak
en
on
Var
iou
s E
ng
inee
rin
g
Wor
ks:
The
Tok
yo W
ater
Wor
ks.
1924
K
anto
Sym
posi
um o
n t
he D
amag
es
done
by
th
e
1924
K
anto
R
ecen
t E
arth
qu
ake
and
th
e E
mer
genc
y M
easu
res
tak
en
on
Var
iou
s E
ng
inee
rin
g
Wor
ks:
Roa
ds a
nd
Bri
dg
es i
n T
okyo
.
Geo
log
y
Dam
age
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Pu
bl.
D
am. N
ote
s
Lectu
re
Dam
ages
ca
use
d b
y t
he R
ecen
t E
arth
qu
ake
1924
K
anto
to
th
e Y
okoh
ama
Har
bo
r an
d t
heir
Rep
air
s.
Pu
b1
. D
am.
Lectu
re
Rep
ort
on
Sei
smic
Dam
age
to C
him
neys
19
25
Kan
to
in Y
ok
oh
ama-
shi.
Dam
age
in
the S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict
du
e to
th
e
1933
T
sun
ami.
S
an
rik
u
(193
3 )
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the D
amag
e to
Rai
lway
s in
Sh
izu
ok
a an
d D
istr
icts
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
in
Sh
imiz
u P
ort
1935
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
1935
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
Dam
age
Tsu
nam
i
Pu
b1
. D
am.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
I I-'
W
--.]
I
No.
15
-11
15
-12
15
-13
*1
5-1
4
15
-15
*1
5-1
6
15
-17
*1
5-1
8
15
-19
*1
5-2
0
*1
5-2
1
15
-22
Au
tho
r
Y.
Nis
hi
S.
Tak
ai
N.
Mat
sum
ura
Y.
Mit
sufu
ji
S.
Oka
mot
o
T.
Iwasa
ki
T.
Oh
tam
i
H.
Mat
suo
K.
Kat
o
Jap
an
So
c. o
f C
ivil
En
gin
eers
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
in
Sh
izu
ok
a D
istr
ict.
(L
ectu
re).
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
the
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
in A
kit
a-k
en
. (L
ectu
re).
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
the
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
in A
kit
a-k
en
. (L
ectu
re).
Rep
ort
s o
n th
e
Dam
ages
d
ue
to th
e
"Ho
ku
rik
u"
Ear
thq
uak
e.
19
35
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
19
39
O
ga
19
39
O
ga
19
48
F
uk
ui
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
19
50
Im
aic
hi
in T
och
igi-
ken
.
On
the F
ail
ure
of
the F
loo
r B
oar
ds
of
the 1
95
1
Imaic
hi
Itag
a V
illa
ge O
ffic
e
du
e to
th
e
To
ch
igi
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
Dam
age
by
th
e C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami.
1
96
0
Ch
ilean
The
T
sun
ami
Cau
sed
by
th
e C
hil
ean
Eart
h-
19
60
C
hil
ean
q
uak
e in
May
, 1
96
0 a
nd
an
Ou
tlin
e o
f D
isast
ers
in
th
e N
ort
heast
ern
Coas~of
Jap
an
.
Mon
umen
t o
f T
sun
ami.
1
96
1
An
sei
Dam
ages
C
ause
d b
y th
e
Hyu
gana
da E
art
h-
19
61
H
yu
gan
ada
qu
ake.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
ages
C
ause
d b
y t
he
19
61
N
agao
ka
Nag
aoka
E
art
hq
uak
e.
The
Kit
a-M
ino
E
arth
qu
ake:
A
n E
xcerp
t fr
om
'.9
63
"Rep
ort
on
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f A
ug.
19
, 19
6]
Kit
a-M
ino
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Tsu
. D
am.
Tsu
. D
am.
Tsu
nam
i
Dam
age
Dam
age
Gen
.
No
tes
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
15
-23
F
. K
ish
ino
ue
The
Kit
a-M
ino
Ear
thq
uak
e:
An
Ex
cerp
t 19
63
Kit
a-M
ino
G
en.
fro
m
"Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
19
61
".
·15-
24
R.
wat
anab
e T
he K
ita-
Min
o E
arth
qu
ake:
A
n E
xce
rpt
:fro
m 1
963
Kit
a-M
ino
M
t.
Ln
ds1
d.
"Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Au
g.1
9,
1961
':
15
-25
H
. Y
amas
hit
a T
he K
ita-
Min
o E
arth
qu
ake:
A
n E
xcerp
t fr
om
196
3 K
ita-
Min
o
Pu
b!.
D
am.
"Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
1961
':
15
-26
K
. Ik
eda
The
Kit
a-M
ino
Ear
thq
uak
e:
An
E
xcerp
t fr
om
196
3 K
ita-
Min
o
Pu
b1
. D
am.
"Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
1961
':
15
-27
K
. K
ubo
The
Kit
a-M
ino
Ear
thq
uak
e:
An
Ex
cerp
t fr
om
196
3 K
ita-
Min
o
Pu
b1
. D
am.
"Rep
ort
on
the E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
1961~'
I 1
5-2
8
K.
Uk
ai
The
Kit
a-M
ino
Ear
thq
qak
e:
An
E
xcerp
t fr
om
196
3 K
ita-
Min
o
Pu
b!'
D
am.
I-'
w
"Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
1961~'
(Xl I
15
-29
M
. T
akah
ata
The
Kit
a-M
ino
Ear
thq
uak
e:
An
Ex
cerp
t fr
om
196
3 K
ita-
Min
o
Pu
b!.
D
am.
"Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
19
61
".
15
-30
M
. N
ose
The
Kit
a-M
ino
Ear
thq
uak
e:
An
E
xcerp
t fr
om
196
3 K
ita-
Min
o
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Srv
y.
Rep
. "R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
19
61
".
15
-31
N
. Y
osh
ida
The
Kit
a-M
ino
Ear
thq
uak
e:
An
E
xcerp
t fr
om 1
963
Kit
a-M
ino
E
xp
. M
eas.
"R
epo
rt o
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
19
61
".
15
-32
E
. K
uri
bay
ash
i T
he K
ita-
Min
o E
arth
qu
ake:
A
n E
xcerp
t fr
om
196
3 K
ita-
Min
o
Exp
. M
eas.
"R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
of
Aug
. 1
9,
19
61
".
15
-33
F
. K
awak
ami
The
D
amag
e o
f S
tru
ctu
res
bec
ause
of
the
1963
M
iyag
ikit
a
Pu
b1
. D
am.
No
rth
Miy
agi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
15
-34
R~nd-tab1e
Dis
cuss
ion
: T
he N
iiq
ata
19
64
Nii
gata
G
en.
Ear
thq
uak
e.
I I-'
W ~
I
No.
15
-35
15
-36
*1
5-3
7
Au
tho
r
K.
Ono
M.
Hak
uno
Jap
an
So
c.
of
Civ
il E
ng
ineers
Tit
le
Rep
ort
o
n th
e In
vest
igati
on
of
the
Eart
hq
uak
e o
ff E
ch
izen
-mis
ak
i.
Th
e D
amag
e C
ause
d b
y t
he
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f th
e
Oga
P
en
insu
la:
Mai
nly
, th
e P
old
er
Dyk
e in
Hach
iro
gata
.
Eart
hq
uak
e a
nd
th
e S
afe
ty o
f a
Tra
in :
B
rin
g T
rain
to
Sto
p b
y th
e T
rain
Cre
w
at
the
tim
e o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e
(fro
m e
nq
uete
).
Dat
e E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
19
64
E
ch
izen
-G
en.
mis
ak
i-o
ki
19
65
O
ga-
ok
i P
ub
l.
Dam
.
19
65
N
iig
ata
I .... "'" o I
No.
16
-1
16
-2
16
-3
16
-4
16
-5
16
-6
16
-7
16
-8
16
-9
16
-10
Au
tho
r
M.
Wat
ari
Y.
Tad
a
Y.
Tad
a
Pu
bl.
W
orks
R
esea
rch
In
st.
M.
Fuk
uoka
T.
Oh
ku
bo
I.
Yo
shid
a
T.
Yo
shin
aka
R.
Oka
mot
o
E.
Ku
rib
ayas
hi
16
. T
ech
nic
al
Dat
a ON
C
IVIL
EN
GIN
EER
ING
Tit
le
The
Mo
un
tain
Lan
dsl
ide
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e K
ita-
Min
o E
arth
qu
ake.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
in t
he
Tol
loku
Dis
tric
t.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
in t
he
Toh
oku
Dis
tric
t (P
art
2
).
Pro
mp
t Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Imp
ress
ion
of
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
1961
K
ita-
Min
o
Mt.
L
nd
sld
.
1962
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Dam
age
1962
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Dam
age
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
Imp
ress
ion
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
Sy
stem
ati
c D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f S
eism
og
rap
hs.
Imp
ress
ion
of
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Gro
und
and
Dam
age.
Imp
ress
ion
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Str
on
g S
eism
ic M
oti
on
s,
as
Ob
serv
ed a
t th
e B
rid
ge
at
the O
ccu
rren
ce o
f th
e
Mat
sush
iro
Ear
thq
uak
e S
war
m.
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
1964
N
iig
ata
G
rnd
. D
amag
e
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
1966
M
atsu
shir
o
Oth
ers
17
. R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
PUB
LIC
W
ORKS
R
ESEA
RC
H
INS
TIT
UT
E,
MIN
IST
RY
O
F C
ON
STR
UC
TIO
N
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
17
-1
Pu
bl.
Wor
ks
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eis
mic
Dis
ast
er
in
the
19
49
F
uk
ui
Dam
age
Res
earc
h In
st.
, H
ok
uri
ku
Dis
tric
t d
ue
to th
e
Fu
ku
i E
art
hq
uak
e,
Min
. o
f C
on
st.
Jun
e
28
, 1
94
8.
*17-
2 T
. O
hkub
o R
ep
ort
on
th
e
DaM
ages
an
d th
e B
eh
av
ior
1962
H
yu
ga-
nad
a D
amag
e o
f P
ub
lic W
orks
b
ecau
se o
f th
e H
yu
ga-
nad
a E
art
hq
uak
e,
Feb
. 2
7,
19
61
-
*17-
3 M
. F
uk
uo
ka
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
en.
(Part
1:
Gen
era
l).
*17-
4 A
. T
era
jim
a
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e (R
art
2:
.19
65
N
iig
ata
G
rou
nd
T
he
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e
I an
d t
he B
ehav
ior
of
Gro
un
d F
luctu
ati
on
).
I-'
.t::>
17
-5
H.
Kik
kaw
a R
epo
rt o
n th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
. I-
' I (P
art
3
: D
amag
e to
R
iver
Str
uctu
res).
17
-6
S.
Ibu
kiy
ama
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
. (P
art
4:
Dam
ages
to
R
oads
an
d T
un
nels
).
17
-7
T.
Tak
ada
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
. (P
art
5
: D
amag
e to
Hig
hway
Bri
dg
es)
.
17
-8
A.
Su
gik
i R
epo
rt o
n th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
. (P
art
6
: D
amag
e to
Sew
erag
e) •
18
. G
EOPH
YSI
CA
L M
AG
AZI
NE
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*1
8-1
S
. K
un
ito
mi
No
te o
n t
he D
est
ructi
ve E
arth
qu
ake
of
1928
E
xp
. M
eas.
C
ause
M
idd
le E
ch
igo
that
Occ
urr
ed o
n O
ct.
27
, 1
92
7.
*1
8-2
S
. K
un
ito
mi
No
te o
n t
he N
ort
h T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 19
29
Tan
go
Gen
. M
arch
9,
19
27
.
*1
8-3
S
. K
un
ito
mi
Sei
smo
met
rica
l S
tud
y o
f th
e G
reat
Kan
to
1930
K
anto
E
Xp.
M
eas.
E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed o
n S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
.
*1
8-4
K
. H
ayat
a S
eism
om
etri
ca1
Stu
dy
of
the S
agam
i 19
31
Sag
ami
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ly 2
6,
19
28
.
I *
18
-5
S •.
Ku
nit
om
i N
ote
s o
n t
he N
ort
h
Izu
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f 19
31
Izu
G
en.
t-' """
Nov
. 2
6,
19
30
. N
I
*1
8-6
S
. F
uji
war
a O
n th
e M
echa
nism
of
the N
ort
h I
zu
Eart
h-
1932
Iz
u
Cau
se
qu
ake.
*1
8-7
Y
. O
ka
No
te o
n t
he L
ake
Taz
awa
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 19
32
Taz
awa-
ko
Gen
. Ja
n.
9,
1931
-
*1
8-8
K
. S
agis
aka
On
the M
oti
on
of
the S
eism
ic O
rig
in o
f th
e 1
932
Izu
C
ause
N
ort
h
Izu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*1
8-9
K
. H
ayat
a N
ote
on
th
e D
est
ructi
ve E
arth
qu
ake
of
1932
H
yu
ga-
nad
a G
en.
Hy
uag
-nad
a o
n N
ov,.
2,
19
31
. (1
931)
19
. II
SE
E E
ART
HQ
UA
KE
REP
OR
T
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*1
9-1
T
he N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e,
Jun
e 1
6,
19
64
, 1
96
5
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Gen
. an
d t
he R
esu
ltin
g
Dam
age
to
Rein
forc
ed
C
on
cre
te B
uil
din
gs.
*1
9-2
O
rnot
e T
he
Nii
gata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
en.
*1
9-3
M
akah
awa
Acc
eler
og
ram
s O
bta
ined
b
y S
MA
C an
d D
C 1
96
5
Nii
gata
E
Xp.
M
eas.
S
tro
ng
Mo
tio
n S
eism
og
rap
h.
*1
9-4
N
akag
awa
The
E
xte
nt
of
the
Dam
age.
1
96
5.
Nii
gata
D
amag
e
*1
9-5
K
ish
ida
To
po
gra
ph
y
and
Su
bso
il C
on
dit
ion
of
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
eolo
gy
G
rou
nd
I
Nii
gata
_ s
hi.
.....
. ,j:
::.
w
*1
9-6
O
rnot
e M
easu
rem
ent
of
Mic
rotr
em
ors
. 1
96
5
Nii
gata
G
rou
nd
I
*1
9-7
N
akag
awa
The
D
amag
e to
R
ein
forc
ed
C
on
cre
te
19
65
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Bu
ild
ing
s in
Nii
gata
-sh
i.
*1
9-8
K
ish
ida
An
aly
tical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
on
Dam
age
to
19
65
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Rein
forc
ed
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s w
ith
S
pecia
l R
efer
ence
to
F
ou
nd
ati
on
E
ng
ineeri
ng
.
l:»
l:»
I
~o.
*2
0-1
*2
0-2
*2
0-3
*2
0-4
*2
0-5
20
-6
*2
0-7
*2
0-8
*2
0-9
*2
0-1
0
Au
tho
r
K.
Sh
irato
ri
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
Y.
Kat
o
M.
Ish
imo
to
T.
Mat
suza
wa
20
. JA
PAN
ESE
JOU
RN
AL
OF
AST
RO
NA
UTI
CS
AND
GEO
PHY
SIC
S
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
No
tes
on
th
e D
est
ructi
ve E
arth
qu
ake
in
Sag
ami
Bay
on
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
. 1
92
5
Kan
to
On
the S
eis
mic
Acti
vit
y i
n t
he K
anto
D
is-
19
28
tr
ict.
On
the S
eis
mic
Acti
vit
y i
n C
en
tral
Jap
an
. 1
92
8
On
the C
hro
nic
an
d A
cute
Eart
h-t
ilti
ng
s
in t
he S
ou
thern
Part
of
Sik
ok
u.
19
30
A
nse
i
A S
eism
om
etri
c S
tud
y o
n t
he N
ort
h I
zu
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 2
6,
19
30
. 1
93
1
Izu
On
the B
lock
Mov
emen
ts th
at
Pre
ced
ed
19
31
C
hib
a an
d A
cco
mp
anie
d b
y t
he S
ev
ere
Tok
yo E
arth
qu
ake
of
May
2
1,
19
28
-A
cti
ve F
au
lts
Acr
oss
th
e C
ity
of
To
ky
o.
On
the S
eic
he o
f L
ake
Asi
no
-ko
wit
h S
pe-
1932
Iz
u
cia
1 R
efe
ren
ce to
th
e N
. Iz
u E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
30
.
Seis
mic
an
d V
olc
anic
Acti
vit
ies a
nd
1
93
3
Kan
to
Ch
ang
es in
th
e E
art
h's
Mag
net
ic F
ield
.
pre
lim
inary
No
te o
n t
he T
sun
ami
of
Mar
. 2
, 19
33
19
33
, (G
.M.T
.)
and
an
Ou
tlin
e o
f th
e I
n
vest
igati
on
s no
w b
ein
g m
ade
co
ncern
ing
it
at
the E
arth
qu
ake
Res
earc
h I
nsti
tute
.
San
rik
u
(193
3)
Ho
rizo
nta
l M
ovem
ent
of
Wat
er i
n t
he
Tsu
nam
i o
f M
arch
3,
19
33
. 1
93
3
San
rik
u
(193
3)
Gen
.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Til
t
Gen
.
Crs
t.
MIn
t.
Seic
he
Cu
r.
&
Mag
.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*2
0-1
1
A.
Imam
ura
T
he
San
rik
u T
sun
ami
of
19
33
. 1
93
3
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i (1
933)
*
20
-12
A
. Im
amur
a P
ast
Tsu
nam
is o
f th
e S
an
rik
u C
oast
. 1
93
4
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i (1
933)
*2
0-1
3
A.
Imam
ura
Fu
rth
er
No
tes
on
th
e N
ort
hw
ard
Mov
emen
t 1
93
4
Nis
hi-
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
of
Cru
stal
Def
orm
atio
n a
lon
g th
e W
este
rn
Sai
tam
a B
ou
nd
ary
of
the
Kan
to P
lain
wit
h S
pecia
l R
efer
ence
to
th
e B
lock
Mov
emen
t re
spo
ns-
ible
fo
r th
e D
isast
rou
s E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
21
, 1
93
1.
*2
0-1
4
Y.
Kat
o
Seis
mic
an
d V
olc
an
ic A
cti
vit
ies
and
1
93
4
No
hb
i C
ur.
&
Mag
. C
han
ges
in
th
e E
art
h's
Mag
net
ic F
ield
(1
891)
(T
he
seco
nd
pap
er)
.
I *
20
-15
Y
. K
ato
S
eis
mic
an
d V
olc
an
ic A
cti
vit
ies
and
1
93
5
San
rik
u
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
~
>l'>o
Ch
ang
es in
th
e E
art
h's
Mag
net
ic F
ield
(1
933)
lJ
1 I (T
he th
ird
pap
er)
.
*2
0-1
6
T.
Fu
ku
tom
i O
n C
rust
al
Def
orm
atio
ns
in S
ou
thern
Iz
u
1935
Iz
u
Pen
insu
la.
Gen
rok
u
*2
0-1
7
A.
Imam
ura
On
Past
Seis
mic
Acti
vit
ies in
Jap
an
. 1
93
8
*2
0-1
8
A.
Imam
ura
On
the
Seis
mic
Acti
vit
y o
f th
e
Mu
tsu
-1
93
9
Dew
a D
istr
ict
in E
arl
y
Tim
es.
21
. SC
IEN
CE
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
21
-1
T.
Ish
ikaw
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
f th
e K
uss
har
o D
istr
ict
1938
K
uss
har
o
Gen
. aft
er
the K
uss
har
o E
arth
qu
ake,
M
ay
29
, 1
93
8.
21
-2
K.
Hon
da
The
Ear
thq
uak
e at
the E
ast
ern
Part
of
1938
S
hio
ya-o
ki
Gen
. A
fter
sho
ck
Off
-Fu
ku
shim
a-k
en a
nd
th
e A
fter
sho
cks.
21
-3
S.
Shi
mad
a D
amag
e to
Ric
e N
urs
eri
es
by
th
e O
ga
1939
O
ga
Dam
age
Ear
thq
uak
e.
21
-4
G.
Imam
ura
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
agan
o E
arth
qu
ake
1941
N
agan
o G
rnd
. W
tr.
of
July
15
, 19
41 a
nd
th
e C
hang
e O
bse
rved
at
To
chim
ata
Sp
a im
med
iate
ly
( b
efo
re t
he E
arth
qu
ake.
.....
2
1-5
K
. S
assa
T
ilt
Mov
emen
t o
f th
e G
roun
d P
re-
1944
T
ott
ori
T
ilt
~
ced
ing
an
d F
oll
ow
ing
th
e T
ott
ori
E
arth
qu
ake.
21
-6
T.
Nag
ata
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.,
19
47
Nan
kai
G
en.
19
46
.
21
-7
N.
Ku
rata
O
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
and
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
G
eolo
gy
D
is.
Pre
vo
E
arth
qu
ake
Resi
stan
t N
atu
re o
f th
e S
oil
.
21
-8
T.
Mog
ami'
Qu
ick
san
(j
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
iig
ata
19
65
Nii
gata
G
roun
d E
arth
qu
ake.
22
. S
CIE
NT
IFIC
Y
OM
IUR
I
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
22
-1
New
A
spects
o
f D
isaste
r w
hic
h w
e h
av
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
Learn
ed
fr
om
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
22
-2
Searc
h fo
r th
e
Tru
e
Cau
se o
f th
e N
iig
ata
1
96
4
Nii
gata
O
thers
Eart
hq
uak
e:
Air
S
earc
h b
y"Y
om
iuri
-go
".
22
-3
R.
Mo
rim
oto
G
eo
log
ical
Inv
esti
gati
on
s
on
th
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
G
eo
log
y
Nii
gata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
22
-4
N.
Nas
u
Geo
log
y at
the
Sea
Bo
tto
m
19
64
N
iig
ata
G
eo
log
y
aro
un
d th
e H
yp
ocen
ter.
I 2
2-5
K
. K
asa
hara
O
n th
e
Ab
no
rmal
G
rav
ity
. 1
96
4
Nii
gata
G
rav
ity
I-
' 01
:> -.
J I 2
2-6
B
. K
awam
ura
C
rusta
l M
ov
emen
t at
the S
ea B
ott
om
1
96
4
Nii
gata
C
rst.
M
vrnt
.
aro
un
d
Aw
ash
ima.
22
-7
S.
Tan
ida
Fis
hin
g In
du
str
y
aro
uR
d
Aw
ash
ima,
th
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
O
thers
D
amag
e
Hy
po
cen
ter
of
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
22
-8
Ou
tlin
e o
f th
e S
cie
nti
fic In
vesti
gati
on
1
96
4
Nii
gata
G
en.
on
th
e
Sea B
ott
om
R
ela
ted
to
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
22
-9
Y.
Ko
izu
mi
Resto
rati
on
o
f th
e
Dam
aged
A
rch
itectu
re
19
64
N
iig
ata
G
en.
in N
iig
ata
-sh
i.
23
. R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
BU
ILD
ING
RE
SEA
RCH
IN
STIT
UT
E
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
23
-1
Bu
ild
ing
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
1965
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Dam
age
to t
he R
e-in
forc
ed
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s in
Nii
gata
-sh
i.
23
-2
s.
Om
ote
The
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he M
ovem
ent
1965
N
iig
ata
E
Xp.
M
eas.
o
f th
e E
art
h's
Su
rface:
Hy
po
cen
ter,
T
ime
of
Ear
thq
uak
es O
ccu
rren
ce a
nd
In
ten
sity
.
23
-3
s.
Om
ote
The
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he M
ovem
ent
1965
N
iig
ata
O
ther
s o
f th
e E
art
h's
Su
rface:
Sei
smic
In
ten
sity
D
istr
ibu
tio
n.
23
-4
S.
Om
ote
The
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he M
ovem
ent
1965
N
iig
ata
E
xp.
Mea
s.
I o
f th
e E
art
h's
Su
rface:
Sei
smic
Mo
tio
n
I-'
Ob
serv
ed i
n N
iig
ata
-sh
i.
01:>
00
I 2
3-5
s.
Om
ote
The
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he M
ovem
ent
1965
N
iig
ata
E
qk
e.
Act
. A
fter
sho
ck
of
the E
art
h's
Su
rface:
pre
lim
inary
F
ore
sho
ck
Tre
mo
rs a
nd
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s.
23
-6
S.
Om
ote
The
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he M
ovem
ent
1965
N
iig
ata
G
en.
of
the E
art
h's
Su
rface:
Co
mp
aris
ion
of
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e w
ith
th
e P
ast
E
arth
qu
akes
23
-7
s. O
mot
e T
he
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he M
ovem
ent
1965
N
iig
ata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
of
the E
art
h's
Su
rface:
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t F
oll
ow
ing
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e.
23
-8
s.
Om
ote
The
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he M
ovem
ent
1965
N
iig
ata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
of
the E
art
h's
Su
rface:
Mov
emen
t o
f th
e
Eart
h's
Su
rface F
oll
ow
ing
th
e E
arth
qu
ake.
23
-9
M.
Mu
rata
G
eog
rap
hic
al F
eatu
res,
G
eolo
gy a
nd
th
e
1965
N
iig
ata
G
eolo
gy
G
roun
d in
an
d a
rou
nd
Nii
gata
-sh
i:
Geo
gra
ph
ical
Featu
res.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
ala
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
23
-10
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Geo
gra
ph
ical
Featu
res,
G
eolo
gy
an
d
1965
N
iig
ata
G
eolo
gy
G
roun
d in
an
d a
rou
nd
Nii
gata
-sh
i:
Geo
log
y.
23
-11
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Geo
gra
ph
ical
Featu
res,
G
eolo
gy
an
d
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
rou
nd
G
roun
d in
an
d a
rou
nd
Nii
gata
-sh
i:
Gro
un
d.
23
-12
S
. O
rnot
e G
eog
rap
hic
al F
eatu
res,
G
eolo
gy
an
d t
he
1965
N
iig
ata
G
rou
nd
G
rou
nd
in
an
d a
rou
nd
Nii
gata
-sh
i:
Usu
al
Mic
rotr
emo
r an
d t
he P
red
om
inan
t F
req
uen
cy o
f th
e G
rou
nd
. I I-'
23
-13
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Gen
eral
Nat
ure
o
f D
amag
e:
Hum
an
Su
fferi
ng
s19
65
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e of>
. \.
0 I
23
-14
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Gen
eral
Nat
ure
o
f D
amag
e:
Arc
hit
ectu
ral
19
65
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Dam
age.
23
-15
S
. O
rnot
e G
ener
al N
atu
re
of
Dam
age:
T
sun
ami
Dam
age.
1
96
5
Nii
gata
T
suru
nai
23
-16
S
. O
rnot
e G
ener
al
Natu
reo
f D
amag
e:
Rip
on
th
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
. E
mba
nkm
ent
and
Su
bm
erg
ed A
reas
.
23
-17
K
. u
emu
ra
Gen
eral
N
a tu
re o
f D
amag
e:
Dam
age
to
1965
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Woo
den
Ho
use
s.
23
-18
K
. K
imu
ra
Gen
eral
N
atu
re o
f D
amag
e:
Dam
age
to
1965
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Bu
ild
ing
s o
f C
on
cret
e-B
lock
an
d o
ther
Sp
ecia
l S
tru
ctu
res.
23
-19
M
. M
akin
o G
ener
al N
atu
re o
f D
amag
e:
Dam
age
to
1965
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Pu
bli
c H
ou
sin
g.
23
-20
K
. K
awag
oe
Gen
eral
Nat
ure
o
f D
amag
e:
The
O
ccu
rren
ce
19
65
N
iig
ata
F
ire
and
th
e
Sp
read
of
the F
ire.
23
-21
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Dam
age
to t
he R
ein
forc
ed
Co
ncr
ete Building~
19
65
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
in a
nd
aro
un
d Niigata~shi
Met
hod
of
Inv
est
igati
on
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
23
-22
K
. N
akan
o D
amag
e to
Rei
nfo
rced
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s 19
65
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
in a
nd
aro
un
d N
iig
ata
-sh
i:
Dam
age
to
the M
ajo
r B
uil
din
gs.
23
-23
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Dam
age
to R
ein
forc
ed C
on
cret
e B
uil
din
gs
1965
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
in a
nd
aro
un
d N
iig
ata
-sh
i :
Dam
age
Rat
e an
d D
istr
ibu
tio
n.
23
-24
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Dam
age
to R
ein
forc
ed C
on
cret
e B
uil
din
gs
1965
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Gro
und
in a
nd
aro
un
d N
iig
ata-
:sh
;t.:
S
ub
sid
ence
an
d
Til
tin
g o
f B
uil
din
gs.
23
-25
M
. H
iro
saw
a D
amag
e to
Rei
nfo
rced
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s 19
65
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
in a
nd
aro
un
d N
iig
ata
-sh
i: .
S
tru
ctu
ral
Dam
age.
I 2
3-2
6
K •.
:Uem
ura
Dam
age
to R
ein
forc
ed C
on
cret
e B
uil
din
gs
1965
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am •
. ~
(J1
in
an
d a
rou
nd
Nii
gata
-sh
i:
Dam
age
to I
nt-
o , eri
or
and
Ex
teri
or
Fac
ade
of
the B
uil
din
gs.
23
-27
M
. H
iro
saw
a C
on
sid
era
tio
n o
n t
he D
amag
e to
Rei
nfo
rced
196
5 N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s:
The
Rela
tio
nsh
ip
bet
wee
n B
uil
din
g S
hap
e an
d D
amag
e.
23
-28
H
. K
ish
ida
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n t
he D
amag
e to
R
ein
forc
ed 1
965
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s:
the R
ela
tio
nsh
ip
bet
wee
n F
ou
nd
atio
n S
lab
an
d D
amag
e.
23
-29
H
. K
ish
ida
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n t
he D
amag
e to
R
ein
forc
ed 1
965
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s:
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip
bet
wee
n G
roun
dwor
k an
d D
amag
e.
23
-30
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n t
he D
amag
e to
R
ein
forc
ed 1
965
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s:
The
Rela
tio
nsh
ip
bet
wee
n C
hara
cte
rist
ics
of
the G
roun
d an
d
Dam
age.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
icati
on
23
-31
Y
. K
oiz
um
i C
on
sid
era
tio
n o
n t
he D
amag
e to
R
ein
forc
ed
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
rou
nd
C
on
cret
e B
uil
din
gs:
G
rou
nd
Mov
emen
t R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e.
23
-32
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n t
he
Dam
age
to R
ein
forc
ed
19
65
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e C
on
cret
e B
uil
din
gs:
D
amag
ed A
rea.
23
-33
K
. N
akag
awa
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n t
he D
amag
e to
Rein
forc
ed
19
65
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. v
ih.
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s:
Res
po
nse
of
the
Bu
ild
ing
s to
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e.
23
-34
T
. S
hin
agaw
a C
on
sid
era
tio
n o
n t
he
Dam
age
to
Rein
forc
ed
19
65
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Co
ncr
ete
Bu
ild
ing
s: T
ilti
ng
P
rog
ress
o
f B
uil
din
gs.
23
-35
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n t
he D
amag
e to
Rein
forc
ed
19
65
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
I C
on
cret
e B
uil
din
gs:
C
oo
rdin
ate
d I
nv
est
igati
on
I-
' U
1 o
f th
e C
ause
of
the D
amag
e.
I-' I
23
-36
T
. H
isad
a A
n A
spec
t o
f th
e C
hara
cte
rist
ic
Dam
age
to 1
96
5
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
the B
uil
din
gs
in N
iig
ata
23
-37
T
. H
isad
a A
Mea
sure
of
the R
est
ora
tio
n o
f D
amag
ed
19
65
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Str
uctu
res
•
.. ">.
I I-'
U1 tv
I
No.
24
-1
24
-2
24
-3
24
-4
24
-5
24
-6
24
-7
24
-8
24
-9
24
-10
24
-11
if:,
Au
tho
r
T.
Tan
aka
z.
Co
nd
oll
Y.
Tsu
kam
oto
T.
Nak
amur
a
T.
San
e
24
. JO
UR
NA
L O
F A
RC
HIT
ECTU
RE
AND
BU
ILD
ING
SC
IEN
CE
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
The
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f F
eb.
18
, 1
88
9.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
o
n t
he
Are
as
Dam
aged
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
(by
th
e T
hir
d D
ivis
ion
H
ead
qu
arte
rs i
n N
ago
ya)
.
Infl
uen
ce o
f R
ecen
t E
arth
qu
ake
on
V
ario
us
Bu
ild
ing
s.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
in G
ifu
-ken
, Ja
pan
.
Sei
smic
Wav
e F
orm
s O
bse
rved
du
rin
g t
he
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
on
Ju
ne
20
, 1
89
4.
Rep
ort
on
th
e P
rev
en
tiv
e M
easu
res
of
Dam
age
to B
rick
Ch
imn
eys.
On
the S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
at
Nig
ht
on
Jan
. 1
8,
18
95
.
Ear
thq
uak
e E
xp
erim
ents
an
d M
easu
rem
ents
b
y t
he D
epar
tmen
t o
f S
eism
olo
gy
.
18
89
K
awas
aki
1892
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
1892
N
ohbi
(1
891)
1892
N
ohbi
(1
891)
1894
T
okyo
18
94
T
okyo
1895
T
oneg
awa
1895
T
oneg
awa
Su
gg
esti
on
s on
E
arth
qu
ake
Resi
stan
t 18
95
Sh
oh
nai
S
tru
ctu
res
in v
iew
of
the
Sei
smic
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Ryo
h-U
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
o
n t
he
Are
as
Dam
aged
by
th
e
1895
S
ho
hn
ai
Sh
oh
nai
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Ho
usi
ng
Dam
aged
b
y th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Yam
agat
a-k
en.
1895
S
ho
hn
ai
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Bu
il.
Dam
. S
rvy
. R
ep.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Gen
.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Dam
age
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Dam
age
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Ase
is.
Dam
.
Rep
ort
s o
f th
e
I.E
.I.E
. in
Jap
. la
ng
uag
e (P
art
3)
I I-'
\J1
W I
No.
24
-12
24
-13
24
-14
24
-15
24
-16
24
-17
24
-18
24
-19
24
-20
24
-21
24
-22
24
-23
24
-24
Au
tho
r
Imp
eri
al
Eq
ke.
In
vest
. C
om.
M.
No
gu
chi
Y.
Tsu
kam
oto
K.
Ish
ii
T.
Ito
T.
Nak
amur
a
T.
So
ne
G.
Tak
eda
A.
Imam
ura
C.
Kim
ura
Tit
le
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e in
Tok
yo.
Sch
emat
ic R
ep
rese
nta
tio
n o
f th
e S
eism
ic
Dam
age
in Y
amag
ata-
ken
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g
fro
m t
he
Sh
oh
nai
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in T
okyo
in
Ja
nu
ary
. O
n th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e b
y t
he S
ho
hn
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
the S
eism
ic D
amag
e b
y th
e S
ho
hn
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1895
T
okyo
D
amag
e
1895
S
ho
hn
ai
Dam
age
1896
S
ho
hn
ai
Dam
age
1896
T
oneg
awa
Gen
.
18
96
S
ho
hn
ai
Dam
age
1896
S
ho
hn
ai
Dam
age
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s 1
89
6
in I
wat
e-k
en a
nd
Ak
ita-k
en
. S
ho
hn
ai
Bu
i1.
Dam
.
On
the S
urv
ey o
f S
tru
ctu
res
Dam
aged
by
th
e S
anri
ku
Tsu
nam
i.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eis
mic
all
y D
amag
ed
Are
a in
th
e R
iku-
U
Dis
tric
t.
Rep
ort
on
Ho
use
s D
amag
ed b
y th
e E
arth~
qu
ake
in I
wat
e-k
en a
nd
Ak
ita-k
en
.
Imp
ress
ion
of
the
Sei
smic
Dam
age
in
the O
hrni
D
istr
ict.
On
the L
ate
st E
arth
qu
ake
in O
hrni
.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
reas
D
amag
ed b
y
the K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake.
1896
S
an
rik
u
(189
6)
1897
S
ho
hn
ai
1897
S
ho
hn
ai
1909
K
o-N
o
1909
K
o-N
o
1909
K
o-N
o
Tsu
. D
am.
Gen
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
24
-25
K
. Y
asu
ok
a A
Part
of
the S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he A
reas
19
09
Ko-
No
Gen
. D
amag
ed b
y t
he K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake.
24
-26
E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
in T
okyo
19
11
Tok
yo-w
an
Gen
.
24
-27
S
. U
chid
a T
he R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e S
eism
ic
1915
S
aku
raji
ma
Bu
il.
Dam
. D
amag
e an
d t
he
Str
uctu
re o
f B
uil
din
gs
in K
ago
shim
a-sh
i (P
art
s 1
, 2
, an
d 3
).
24
-28
S
. H
ori
ko
shi
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
isast
er
in O
hmac
hi 1
91
9
Ohm
achi
B
uil
. D
am.
and
its
Vic
init
y ,
N
agan
o-k
en.
*2
4-2
9
D.
Tan
aka
A M
emoi
r o
n t
he D
amag
e d
on
e b
y t
he E
art
h-
1922
u
rag
a-k
ai
Dam
age
qu
ake
in K
anag
awa-
ken
on
-A
pri
l 2
6,
19
22
.
I ... 11
*2
4-3
0
T.
Nai
to
A M
emoi
r o
n t
he D
amag
e d
on
e by
th
e E
art
h-
1922
U
rag
i-k
ai
Dam
age
;:.
I q
uak
e in
Tok
yo o
n A
pri
l 2
6,
19
22
.
*2
4-3
1
A.
Imam
ura
On
the L
ast
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1923
K
anto
G
en.
*2
4-3
2
T.
Nait
o
On
the V
ibra
tio
n o
f B
uil
din
gs.
19
23
ura
gi-
kai
Bu
il.
Vib
.
*2
4-3
3
K.
Ino
ue
On
the G
eolo
gy
an
d t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e.
1923
K
anto
G
eolo
gy
D
amag
e
*2
4-3
4
S.
Tan
aka.
O
n th
e S
cen
e o
f th
e C
ity
aft
er
the
Dam
age.
1923
K
anto
F
ire
*2
4-3
5
J.
Yam
ash
ita
On
the S
eism
ic D
amag
e o
f S
teel
Bu
ild
ing
s,
1923
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am
Bri
ck
Cu
rtain
Wal
ls a
nd
Rei
nfo
rced
C
on
cret
e C
on
stru
cti
on
.
24
-36
T
he
Gre
at
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
19
23
Kan
to
Gen
.
24
-37
B
uil
din
gs
Dam
aged
by
th
e F
ire F
oll
ow
ing
19
23
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. E
nd o
f V
ol.
3
8.
the G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
NO
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
24
-38
T
. S
ekin
o
On
the C
ala
mit
ies
that
the O
ld T
emp
les
1924
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am.
and
Sh
rin
es
Ex
per
ien
ced
.
*2
4-3
9
K.
Oza
ki
Sta
tisti
cs o
f th
e D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s 19
24
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. F
ire
Cau
sed
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
and
th
e
Acc
ompa
nyin
g F
ire.
*2
4-4
0
D.
Tan
aka
Sta
tisti
cs o
f th
e D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s in
19
24
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. Y
okoh
ama.
*2
4-4
1
S.
Mat
sui
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s u
nd
er
1924
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am.
the A
dm
inis
trati
on
of
the
Min
istr
y o
f E
du
cati
on
.
*2
4-4
2
Y.
Tsu
kam
oto
On
the
Rec
laim
ed L
and
and
th
e S
eism
ic
1924
K
anto
G
roun
d D
amag
e I
Damag~.
I-'
U1
U1
*2
4-4
3
K.
Sato
O
n th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e o
f th
e B
rick
Bu
ild
-19
24
Kan
to
Ru
il.
Dam
. I
ing
s.
*2
4-4
4
J.
Tak
enak
a O
n th
e F
acto
ries
and
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e.
1924
K
anto
D
amag
e
*2
4-4
5
G.
Tak
agi
On
the F
acto
ries
and
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e.
1924
K
anto
D
amag
e
*2
4-4
6
M.
Dei
O
n th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e an
d C
on
cret
e.
1924
K
anto
O
ther
s
*2
4-4
7
S.
Yak
ush
iji
On
the
Cal
amit
y o
f th
e B
uil
din
g.
1924
K
e>nt
o B
uil
. D
am.
*2
4-4
8
T.
Nait
o
On
the
Cal
amit
y o
f th
e S
teel
-Fra
med
1
92
4
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. S
tru
ctu
res.
J4-4
9
Y.
Oku
ma
On
the E
arth
qu
akes
an
d t
he F
ires
in A
nse
i 19
24
An
sei
Fir
e
Kan
to
and
Tai
sho
E
ras.
*2
4-5
0
K.
Ino
ue
On
the G
reat
Fir
e in
T
okyo
. 19
24
Kan
to
Fir
e.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*2
4-5
1
G.
Kit
azaw
a A
n O
utl
ine o
f th
e D
amag
es
Don
e b
y t
he
1924
K
anto
D
amag
e E
arth
qu
ake
in
Tok
yo.
*2
4-5
2
S.
Yak
ush
iji
On
the S
eism
ic D
amam
ges
of
Mil
itary
19
24
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. B
uil
din
gs.
*2
4-5
3
K.
Ino
ue
The
Gre
at
Fir
e o
f T
okyo
in
19
23
. 19
24
Kan
to
Fir
e
*2
4-5
4
K.
Nag
asaw
a T
he S
eism
ic D
amag
es o
f th
e B
uil
din
gs
1924
K
anto
D
amag
e in
th
e N
aval
Ex
plo
siv
es F
acto
ry i
n
Hir
ats
uk
a.
I I-'
24
-55
K
. M
iwa
On
the B
uil
din
gs
of
Yok
osuk
a w
hic
h
1924
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am.
U'! '"
Co
llap
sed
Bec
ause
of
the G
reat
Eart
h-
I
qu
ake
in t
he K
anto
Dis
tric
t.
*2
4-5
6
S.
Ohs
him
a A
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
and
Fir
e
1926
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am.
Fir
e
Dam
age
to B
uil
din
gs
bel
on
gin
g t
o t
he
Min
istr
y
of
CO
nnnu
nica
tion
on
S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
.
24
-57
E
. Is
hii
O
n th
e R
est
ora
tio
n W
ork
of
the S
eism
ical
1y
19
27
T
ango
O
ther
s D
amag
ed S
ites
in O
kuta
ngo
by a
C
on
stru
c-
tio
n B
att
ali
on
.
24
-58
Y
. N
agat
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e to
19
27
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. R
ein
forc
ed C
on
cret
e B
uil
din
gs.
24
-59
A
. Im
amur
a T
he G
reat
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake.
19
27
Tan
go
Gen
.
24
-60
Y
. N
agat
a S
eism
ic D
isast
er
in t
he T
ango
Dis
tric
t.
1927
T
ango
D
amag
e
24
-61
K
. O
zak
i Im
pre
ssio
ns
abo
ut
the I
nv
est
igati
on
of
1927
T
ango
B
uil
. D
am.
of
the s
ites D
amag
ed b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake,
24
-62
G
. K
itaz
awa
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e to
Woo
den
1927
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am.
Ho
use
s.
I I-'
\J1
-..J I
NO
.
24
-63
*2
4-6
4
24
-65
*2
4-6
6
*2
4-6
7
24
-68
24
-69
24
-70
*2
4-7
1
24
-72
Au
tho
r
K.
Oza
ki
H.
Yo
shid
a
H.
Tan
abe
T.
Tan
igu
chi
H.
Tan
abe
T.
Kan
M.
Ham
ada
O.
Miy
oji
K.
Mut
o
T.
Koh
no
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Dam
age
to V
ario
us
Str
uctu
res
by
th
e F
ire
1927
K
anto
F
oll
ow
ing
th
e K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
92
3.
Fir
e
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e H
ok
uri
ku
Dis
tric
t o
n
Oct
. 1
7,
19
30
.
On
the D
amag
es to
Bu
ild
ing
s in
Zus
o D
istr
ict
du
e to
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 2
6,
19
30
.
On
the D
amag
es to
Sch
oo
l B
uil
din
gs
in
Zu
so D
istr
ict
du
e to
th
e E
arth
qu
ake.
19
30
K
aga-
Min
ami
Gen
.
1931
Iz
u
Bu
il.
Dam
.
1931
Iz
u
Bu
il.
Dam
.
On
the D
amag
es to
th
e B
uil
din
gs
in t
he
1931
N
ish
i-B
uil
. D
am.
Kit
a-K
anto
Dis
tric
t d
ue
to th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
21
, 1
93
1.
No
tes
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
A S
tati
sti
cal
Stu
dy
on
th
e S
tru
ctu
ral
1933
Iz
u
Bu
il.
Dam
. A
seis
. D
am.
Resis
tib
ilit
y t
o E
arth
qu
akes
of
the
Far
m H
ouse
s in
th
e Iz
u R
egio
n.
Inv
est
igati
ve R
esea
rch
up
on
th
e D
amag
es
1933
to
Ho
use
s ca
use
d b
y
"San
rik
u T
suna
mi
(Dest
ructi
ve S
ea W
aves
)" w
hic
h A
ttac
ked
th
e S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict
on
Mar
ch 3
, 1
93
3.
On
the
Dam
ages
to
Bu
ild
ing
s in
th
e
1935
S
hiz
uo
ka
Dis
tric
t d
ue
to th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
July
11
, 1
93
5.
On
the
Dam
ages
o
f M
on
oli
thic
Bo
die
s an
d
1935
th
e
Dam
age
Per
cen
tag
e o
f D
wel
lin
g H
ou
ses
by
th
e S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e,
July
11
, 1
93
5.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
age
to B
uil
din
gs
by
th
e
19
39
O
ga
Ear
thq
uak
e,
May
1
, 1
93
9.
San
rik
u
(193
3)
Sh
izu
ok
a (1
935)
Sh
izu
ok
a (1
935)
Oga
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Dam
age
Bu
il.
Dam
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
24
-73
A
rch
. In
st.
R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
isast
er
Ob
serv
ed
1944
T
ott
ori
D
amag
e o
f Ja
pan
in
To
tto
ri,.
., k
en.
24
-74
A
rch
. In
st.
R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
isast
er
Ob
serv
ed
1948
F
uk
ui
Dam
age
of
Jap
an
in t
he H
ok
uri
ku
Dis
tric
t.
24
-75
H
ok
kai
do
R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e,
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
kiD
amag
e U
niv
ers
ity
P
art
1:
Ho
kk
aid
o.
24
-76
T
ohok
u U
niv
. R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e,
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Gen
. P
art
2:
Toh
oku
Dis
tric
t.
24
-77
Y
. S
akab
e Im
pre
ssio
ns
and
Ex
per
ien
ces
of
the
1960
F
uk
ui
Gen
. F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
24
-78
T
. H
iro
no
R
epo
rt o
n t
he C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1960
C
hil
ean
G
en.
, ~ VI
24
-79
O
n th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e.
19
60
C
hil
ean
G
en.
a)
H.
umem
ura
, 2
4-8
0
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e C
hil
ean
Eart
h-
1960
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
Ph
oto
gra
ph
q
uak
e.
book
24
-81
R
epo
rt o
n th
e
Dam
age
by
th
e
Tsu
nam
i 19
60
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. D
am.
wh
ich
Fo
llo
wed
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e.
~~4-::f32
Y.
Ohs
awa
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
1961
N
agao
ka
Dam
age
Nag
aoka
Ear
thq
uak
e.
24
-83
M
. F
ukus
him
a R
epo
rt o
n th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
1961
H
yu
ga-
nad
a D
amag
e H
yuga
-n
ada
Ear
thq
uak
e.
24
-84
P
ho
tog
rap
hic
Rep
rese
nta
tio
n o
f th
e
Dam
age
1961
N
agao
ka
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
agao
ka E
arth
qu
ake.
24
-85
P
ho
tog
rap
hic
Rep
rese
nta
tio
n o
f th
e
Dam
age
1961
H
yu
ga-
nad
a D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
agao
ka E
arth
qu
ake.
I f-'
U1
1.0 I
No.
*2
4-8
6
*2
4-8
7
*2
4-8
8
*2
4-8
9
*2
4-9
0
*2
4-9
1
*2
4-9
2
*2
4-9
3
*2
4-9
4
24
-95
24
-96
Au
tho
r
To
ho
ku
B
ran
ch
, A
rch
. In
st.
o
f Ja
pan
E.
Iso
mu
ra
M.
Ham
ada
T.
Hir
on
o
T.
Sh
iga
Y.
Oh
saw
a
Y.
Osa
ki
H.
Iris
aw
a
H.
Nag
ai
Y.
Oh
saw
a
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
Gen
era
l R
ep
ort
or
r E
art
hq
uak
e
Dam
age
in
No
rth
Pla
ces
of
Miy
ag
i P
refe
ctu
re.
19
62
M
iyag
i-k
ita D
amag
e A
rch
. R
ep.
of
To
ho
ku
U
niv
.
Facin
g th
e N
iig
ata
D
istr
ict.
1
96
4
Nii
gata
Nii
gata
Eart
hq
uak
e
an
d th
e R
esp
on
sib
ilty
1
96
4
Nii
gata
o
f th
e A
rch
itectu
ral
Insti
tute
o
f Ja
pan
.
Ou
tlin
e o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
64
N
iig
ata
Dam
ages
to
Ord
inary
Bu
ild
ing
s in
th
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
T
oh
ok
u D
istr
icts
.
Dam
ages
to
Ord
inary
Bu
ild
ing
s in
th
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
Niigata-ke~.
Dam
ages
to
R
ein
forc
ed
C
on
cre
te B
uil
din
gs
19
64
N
iig
ata
an
d U
nu
sual
B
eh
av
iou
rs o
f S
ub
so
il.
Dam
ages
in
th
e C
ity
o
f N
iig
ata
.
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e
Dam
ages
.
19
64
N
iig
ata
19
64
N
iig
ata
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
on
th
e A
rch
itectu
ral
19
64
N
iig
ata
E
xecu
tio
n o
n th
e S
oft
Gro
un
d b
ase
d o
n t
he
Fin
din
gs
thro
ug
h t
he In
vesti
gati
on
on
th
e
Nii
gata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
age
to W
indo
w G
lass
R
ein
forc
ed
C
on
cre
te B
uil
din
gs
by
th
e
Eart
hq
uak
e in
Su
rug
a B
ay o
n A
pr.
2
0,
19
65
.
19
65
S
hiz
uo
ka
Dam
age
Oth
ers
Gen
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Bu
il.
Dam
. G
rou
nd
Dam
age
Dam
age
kseis
. D
es.
Gro
un
d
Bu
il.
Dam
.
25
. JO
UR
NA
L O
F TH
E M
ETEO
ROLO
GIC
AL
SOC
IETY
O
F JA
PA
N
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
25
-1
The
E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Kbh
chi
Ex
per
ien
ced
18
82
Koh
chi
Gen
. in
18
82
.
25
-2
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
isast
er
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
1
88
9
Kum
amot
o G
en.
the K
umam
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
25
-3
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
at
Ohs
him
a,
Ohs
umi-
1889
O
hsum
i G
en.
No
ku
ni.
2
5-4
O
n th
e K
umam
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1890
K
umam
oto
Gen
. I .....
. 2
5-5
R
eco
rd o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he S
hin
-ets
u 1
890
Sai
kaw
a G
en.
0'
0 D
istr
ict
on
Jan
uar
y 7
, 1
89
0.
I
25
-6
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he
Izu
18
90
Kin
ugaw
a G
en.
Dis
tric
t o
n A
pri
l 1
6,
18
90
.
25
-7
C.
Yuz
awa
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
that
Occ
urr
ed
1890
U
tsu
no
miy
a E
qke
Act
. p
. 6
78
. in
uts
un
om
iya,
T
och
igi-
ken
in
18
88
.
25
-8
Aft
ersh
ock
s o
f th
e K
umam
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
18
91
K
umam
oto
Aft
ersh
ock
25
-9
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the E
arth
qu
akes
. 1
89
1
Gen
. 18
91 X
I 7
1891
XI
17
25
-10
Y
. W
ada
Dis
cu
ssio
n o
n W
het
her
or
no
t th
e C
Urr
ent
1891
N
ohbi
T
suna
mi
Ear
thq
uak
e h
as
Cau
sed
Tsu
nam
i.
(189
1)
25
-11
N
. B
aba
Tu
rbu
len
ce O
bse
rved
on
th
e S
ea F
oll
ow
ing
18
91
Noh
bi
Tid
al
Chg
e.
the N
ohbi
E
arth
qu
ake.
(1
891)
25
-12
N
. M
aeda
R
epo
rt o
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
that
OW
ari
1891
N
ohbi
G
en.
Ex
per
ien
ced
on
Oct
. 2
8,
1891
(P
art
2
).
(189
1)
25
-13
N
. M
aeda
R
epo
rt o
n
the E
arth
qu
ake
that
OW
ari
1892
N
ohbi
G
en.
Ex
per
ien
ced
on
Oct
. 2
8,
18
91
. (1
891)
I I-'
0'1
I-' I
No.
25
-14
25
-15
25
-16
25
-17
25
-18
25
-19
25
-20
25
-21
25
-22
25
-23
25
-24
25
-25
25
-26
Au
tho
r
Gif
u W
eath
er
Sta
tio
n
J.
Mun
eum
e
R.
Igu
ch
i
O.
Asa
no
O.
Asa
no
N.
Mae
da
Tit
le
The
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f O
ct.
28
, 1
89
1.
The
Fre
qu
ency
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
O
ccu
rred
in
No
hb
i.
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the N
oh
bi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
th
e A
fter
sho
cks
of
the N
oh
bi
Eart
h
qu
akes
as
Ex
per
ien
ced
in
East
No
hb
i in
Gif
u-k
en
.
The
Fre
qu
ency
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
O
ccu
rred
in
Nag
oya.
The
Fre
qu
ency
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
O
ccu
rred
in
Aic
hi.
The
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
that
the K
anto
D
istr
ict
Ex
per
ien
ced
on
Ju
ne
20
, 1
89
4.
On
the A
fter
sho
cks
of
the N
ohbi
Eart
h
qu
ake.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
1892
N
ohbi
(1
891)
18
92
No
hb
i (1
891)
1894
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
1894
N
ohbi
(1
891)
1894
N
ohbi
(1
891)
1894
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
1894
T
okyo
1895
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
Oth
ers
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
Gen
.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s
Gen
.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s
The
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h T
ado
tsu
Ex
per
ien
ced
. 18
95
Seto
uch
i G
en.
The
Tsu
nam
i w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
in
Yae
gam
a Is
lan
ds
Fo
llo
win
g t
he M
eiw
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
17
71
.
The
S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
We
resp
ectf
ull
y a
sk D
r.
Ko
chib
e fo
r h
is
valu
ab
le o
pin
ion
an
d su
gg
est
ion
s.
Eff
ect
of
the T
suna
mi
in t
he T
ohok
u D
istr
ict.
1896
M
eiw
a
1896
S
an
rik
u
(189
6)
1896
S
an
rik
u
(189
6)
1896
S
an
rik
u
(189
6)
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
25
-27
T
he
Cha
nge
of
the E
art
h's
Mag
neti
sm
1896
R
iku-
U
Cu
r.
&
Mag
. P
reced
ing
th
e R
iku-
U E
arth
qu
ake.
25
-28
p
oss
ible
In
flu
en
ce o
f th
e R
iku-
U
1896
R
iku-
U
Cu
r.
&
Mag
. E
arth
qu
ake.
25
-29
F
. O
hmor
i A
fter
sho
cks
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
that
1898
K
ush
iro
-ok
i A
fter
sho
ck
Hok
kaid
o E
xp
erie
nce
d o
n M
ar.
22
, 1
89
4.
25
-30
1
. Ik
egam
i T
he S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
19
00
Rik
uze
n
Gen
. in
th
e
Rik
uze
n D
istr
ict.
25
-31
R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed
1905
G
ei-y
o
Gen
. in
th
e M
idd
le o
f th
e I
slan
d S
ea.
25
-32
N
. M
izu
The
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
in
Tok
yo
1906
T
okyo
-wan
G
en.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
• B
ay o
n F
eb.
24
, 19
06 •
.....
0'1
N
25
-33
T
he E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he
1909
K
o-N
o G
en •
• O
hmi
and
Nob
i D
istr
icts
.
25
-34
I.
Ik
egam
i O
n th
e O
hmi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1909
K
o-N
o G
en.
25
-35
T
he H
yu
ga-
nad
a E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed
1909
H
yu
ga-
nad
a G
en.
in t
he S
ea o
f H
yuga
?n
Ju
ne
15
, 1
91
1.
(190
9)
25
-36
F
. O
hmor
i T
he E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n N
ort
h
1911
K
ikai
ga-
Gen
. R
yuky
u o
n J
un
e 1
5,
19
11
. sh
ima
25
-37
D
. S
hib
ano
S
eism
ic M
oti
on
of
the
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h
1912
K
ikai
ga-
Exp
. M
eas.
O
ccu
rred
aro
un
d A
mar
ni-O
hshi
ma.
sh
ima
25
-38
F
. O
hmor
i T
he E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n U
eda
1912
U
eda
Gen
. at
Nig
ht
on
Aug
. 1
7,
19
12
.
25
-39
E
arth
qu
akes
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n a
nd
aro
un
d
1913
K
agos
him
a G
en.
Kag
oshi
ma
on J
un
e 29
an
d
30
/ 1
91
3.
I ...... en
w I
No.
25
-40
25
-41
25
-42
25
-43
25
-44
25
-45
25
-46
*2
5-4
7
25
-48
25
-49
25
-50
25
-51
25
-52
Au
tho
r T
itle
Kag
osh
ima
Vo
lcan
ic E
rup
tio
n o
f M
t.
Sak
ura
jim
a.
Weath
er
Sta
tio
n
K.
Has
egaw
a G
en
era
l S
urv
ey
of
the E
art
hq
uak
e in
A
kit
a-k
en
.
F.
Oh
mo
ri
Inv
esti
gati
on
of
Hy
po
cen
ters
o
f th
e
Sak
ura
jim
a a
nd
th
e A
kit
a E
art
hq
uak
es.
M.
Ish
ida
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
in
East
Izu
mo
.
T.
Sasa
ki
K.
Has
egaw
a
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
in
Tak
ada
on
No
v.
15
, 1
91
4.
Velo
cit
y o
f th
e T
sun
ami
wh
ich
Occu
rred
O
ff S
an
rik
u o
n N
ov.
1,
19
15
.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
wh
ich
Occu
rred
in
Ko
be
an
d Its
Vic
init
y o
n N
ov
. 2
6,
19
16
.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
14
S
ak
ura
jim
a
Vo
lcan
o
19
14
U
go
sen
G
en.
19
14
S
ak
ura
jim
a
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
19
15
Iz
um
o
Gen
.
19
16
T
akad
a G
en.
19
16
19
17
Ish
ino
mak
i-T
sun
ami
ok
i
Ak
ash
i G
en.
K.
Has
egaw
a T
he
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f E
nsy
u
on
M
ay
18
, 1
91
7.
19
17
S
hiz
uo
ka
(19
17
) G
en.
S.
Nak
amu
ra
S.
Nak
amu
ra
S.
Nak
amu
ra
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
in
En
shu
o
n M
ay
18
, 1
91
7.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
an
d a
rou
nd
Oh
mac
hi.
(P
art
1
).
Th
e T
sun
ami
that
Po
rt F
uta
mi
in C
hic
hi
jim
a E
xp
eri
en
ced
on
No
v.
8,
19
18
.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
an
d aro
un
d O
hm
ach
i.
(Part
2
).
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
an
d
aro
un
d
Oh
mac
hi.
(P
art
3
).
19
17
S
hiz
uo
ka
(19
17
)
19
18
O
hm
ach
i
Gen
.
Gen
.
19
18
It
uru
p -to
-T
sun
ami
ok
i
19
19
O
hm
ach
i G
en.
19
19
O
hm
ach
i G
en.
No
tes
I ~
0'1 ~
I
No.
25
-53
25
-54
25
-55
25
-56
*2
5-5
7
*2
5-5
8
25
-59
*2
5-6
0
*2
5-6
1
25
-62
25
-63
25
-64
*2
5-6
5
Au
tho
r
S.
Nak
amur
a
S.
Nak
amur
a
T.
Ush
iyam
a
S.
Nak
amur
a
S.
Nak
amur
a
S.
Nak
amur
a
H.
Og
iwar
a
R.
Hir
ano
Cen
tral
Met
. O
bse
rvat
ory
Mete
oro
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
M.
Kaj
ima
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
cla
ssi
ficati
on
The
Miy
osh
i E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
I).
19
19
Miy
osh
i G
en.
The
Miy
osh
i E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
2).
19
20
Miy
osh
i G
en.
The
E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sm
all
Dest
ructi
ve
1922
R
yu
hg
asak
i G
en.
Pow
er t
hat
Occ
urr
ed i
n a
nd
aro
un
d
Imba
num
a,
Ch
iba-
ken
, o
n t
he"
Nig
ht
of
Dec
. 8
, 1
92
1.
The
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
in
Tok
yo
1922
Urag~kai
Gen
. D
istr
ict
on
Ap
ril
26
, 1
92
2.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he B
ay o
f C
hij
iwa.
19
23
Sh
imab
ara
Gen
.
On
the O
bse
rvat
ion
of
the G
reat
Eart
h
quak
e, ••
_
On
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e E
xp
erie
nce
d i
n
Yok
oham
a.
On
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he K
umag
ai
Ob
serv
ato
ry.
The
Gre
at C
ata
stro
ph
e a
nd
th
e C
en
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry.
1923
K
anto
1923
K
anto
1923
K
anto
1923
K
anto
Dam
age
to t
he ForecastD~partment
by th
e
1923
K
anto
E
arth
qu
ake
and
th
e E
mer
genc
y M
easu
res
Tak
en.
Wea
ther
Co
nd
itio
ns
Ob
serv
ed a
t th
e T
ime
1923
K
anto
o
f th
e G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
The
Fo
recast
an
d W
arni
ng S
yst
em S
ince
th
e
1923
K
anto
G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
To
rsio
nal
For
m o
n t
he E
art
h's
Su
rface a
nd
192
3 K
anto
th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f S
agam
i B
ay.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Cau
se
No
tes
Oth
ers
Dam
age
I I-'
C\
U1 I
No.
25
-66
*2
5-6
7
*2
5-6
8
25
-69
*2
5-7
0
25
-71
*2
5-7
2
25
-73
25
-74
25
-75
25
-76
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
ifi
cati
on
R.
Hir
ano
A
n In
vest
igati
on
on
th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s O
bse
rved
in
Kum
agai
Fo
llo
win
g t
he G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
.
1924
K
anto
Ch
oh
shi
The
Tid
al
Ab
no
rmal
ity
Ob
serv
ed a
t C
ho
hsh
i 19
24
Kan
to
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n
on
th
e D
ay o
f th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e.
H.
Sak
amot
o
T.
Hir
ano
S.
Nak
amur
a
K.
Wad
ae.h
i
K.
Sag
isak
a
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
K.
Sag
isak
a
The
Wat
erst
and
Ab
no
rmal
ity
of
Lak
e 19
24
Kan
to
Ch
uze
nji
on
th
e D
ay o
f th
e G
reat
Eart
h-
qu
ake.
On
the V
elo
cit
y o
f P
rop
ag
ati
on
of
the
19
24
K
anto
P
reli
min
ary
Tre
mo
rs o
f th
e G
reat
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he A
rea
of
its H
yp
oce
nte
r.
Bar
om
etri
c an
d T
idal
Eff
ect
on
th
e
1924
K
anto
O
ccu
rren
ce o
f th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e K
anto
D
istr
ict.
On
the M
oh
oro
vic
ic
Wav
e w
hic
h A
pp
eare
d
1925
T
ajim
a d
uri
ng
th
e T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake.
No
te o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n
1926
H
aned
a th
e B
ay o
f T
okyo
on
Aug
. 3
, 1
92
6.
The
Kit
ata
ng
o E
arth
qu
ake
on
Mar
. 7
, 1
92
7.
1927
T
ango
Seis
mo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
on
th
e
1927
T
ango
S
ever
e K
itata
ng
o E
arth
qu
ake
on
Mar
. 7
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed
1928
S
ek
ihara
in
th
e C
hu
etsu
Dis
tric
ts o
n O
ct.
27
, 19
27
(fro
m
"The
Bu
lleti
n o
f th
e C
en
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry).
En
erg
y o
f A
fters
ho
ck
s.
1928
T
ango
: Aft
ersh
ock
Tid
al
Ch
ge.
Seic
he
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Sta
tisti
cs
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Gen
.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Gen
.
Aft
ersh
ock
No
tes
I I-'
0'1
0'1
I
No.
25
-77
25
-78
25
-79
25
-80
*2
5-8
1
*2
5-8
2
*2
5-8
3
25
-84
25
-85
Au
tho
r
K.
Sag
isak
a
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
K.
Hon
da
K.
Tak
eda
K.
Ku
rasi
ge
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
T.
Hir
on
o
T.
Yo
sim
atsu
T.
Yo
sim
atsu
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed
in T
okyo
Bay
on
May
2
1,
1928
(w
ith
S
up
ple
men
t:
Stu
dy
on
th
e W
eath
er P
re
ced
ing
an
d F
oll
ow
ing
th
e E
arth
qu
ake)
(f
rom
T
he B
ull
eti
n o
f th
e
_ C
en
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry).
On
the C
ause
of
the G
reat
Kan
to E
art
h
qu
ake.
1928
C
hib
a
1929
K
anto
On
the P
reli
min
ary
Tre
mor
an
d t
he W
eath
er 1
931
Izu
C
on
cern
ing
th
e K
ita-I
zu
an
d It
o E
art
h-
qu
akes
(f
rom
th
e
Bu
lleti
n o
f th
e C
en
tral
Met
eoro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry).
On
the P
oss
ible
F
au
lt a
t th
e B
ott
om
o
f th
e S
agam
i B
ay.
On
the D
amag
e C
ause
d b
y t
he S
ever
e E
arth
qu
ake
in S
hiz
uo
ka.
1932
K
anto
1936
S
hiz
uo
ka
(193
5)
On
the D
amag
e C
ause
d b
y t
he S
ever
e E
art
h-
1936
S
hiz
uo
ka
qu
ake.
(1
935)
Osc
illa
tio
ns
of
the W
ater
in
Tok
yo
Bay
19
36
du
e to
th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
.
On
the E
art
h-c
urr
en
t C
hang
e A
ccom
-19
37
pan
yin
g t
he R
emar
kab
le
Ear
thq
uak
es
wh
ich
O
ccu
rred
in
"N
iiji
ma",
D
ec.
27
, 19
36 a
nd
"No~imazaki"
, O
ct.
26
, 1
93
6.
Abn
orm
al
Cha
nge
in
Eart
h-c
urr
en
t 19
38
Po
ten
tials
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he
Kii
-str
ait
s o
n
Jan
. 1
2,
19
38
.
Kan
to
Nii
jim
a
(193
6)
Tan
abe-
wan
Gen
.
Cau
se
Cau
se
Fau
lt
Dam
age
Dam
age
Seic
he
Bu
lleti
n o
f th
e
C.M
.O.
CU
r.
&
Mag
.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
I .... 0\
..,J
I
No.
*2
6-1
*2
6-2
*2
6-3
·26
-4
26
-5
26
-6
Au
tho
r
I.
Oza
wa
Y.
Tan
aka
S.
Yos
hika
wa
S.
Yos
hika
wa
S.
Yos
hika
wa
Y.
Wak
azon
o
26
. D
ISA
STE
R P
REV
ENTI
ON
RE
SEA
RCH
IN
STIT
UT
E
AN
NU
AL
REP
OR
T I
KY
OTO
U
NIV
ERSI
TY T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
ifi
cati
on
N
ote
s
On
the O
bse
rvat
ion
s o
f C
rust
al
Str
ain
s d
ue
to th
e C
hil
ean
Tid
al
Wav
e.
1961
C
hil
ean
E
Xp.
&
Co
nt.
p
itch
On
th
e G
roun
d T
ilt
and
Str
ain
Cau
sed
by
th
e C
hil
ean
Tsun~i.
On
the S
eism
ic P
rosp
ecti
ng
at
the A
rea
D~aged b
y t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
the E
xp
lora
tio
n b
y u
se o
f V
ibra
tor
at
the A
rea
Dam
aged
by
th
e N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake.
Aft
ersh
ock
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Jun
e 1
6,
1964
•
1961
C
hil
ean
1965
N
iig
ata
1965
N
iig
ata
1965
N
iig
ata
Rep
ort
on
th
e I
nd
ust
rial
Dis
ast
er
du
e to
19
65
Nii
gata
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Til
t E
xp.
& C
on
t.
Gro
und
Gro
und
Aft
ersh
ock
Dam
age
27
. N
IIG
AT
A A
PPL
IED
G
EOLO
GIC
AL
RESE
ARC
H
REP
OR
T
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
27
-1
Gen
eral
S
urv
ey o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
.21-
2 S
. N
ish
ida
Gro
und
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
iig
ata
19
64
Nii
gata
D
amag
e N
atu
ral
Gas
E
arth
qu
ake.
27
-3
S.
MO
.IID
take
D
amag
e in
th
e N
iig
ata
-ken
du
e to
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
27
-4
S.
Mon
otak
e R
epo
rt o
n
the I
nv
est
igati
on
of
the G
roun
d 19
64
Nii
gata
G
roun
d in
an
d a
rou
nd
Nii
gata
-sh
i.
27
-5
K.
Has
egaw
a S
eism
ic R
eco
rds
at
the
Ob
serv
atio
n W
ell
1964
N
iig
ata
G
rnd
. W
tr.
for
Su
bsi
den
ce d
uri
ng
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
h-
qu
ake.
I .....
L
and
slid
e 0
\ 2
7-6
S
. Iw
anag
a L
an
dsl
ide R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
iig
ata
19
64
Nii
gata
<X
l I E
arth
qu
ake.
27
-7
B.
Tak
ahas
hi
On
the O
Utl
ine
of
the R
est
ora
tio
n W
ork
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e fo
r th
e D
amag
ed Y
aman
osh
ita
Ind
ust
rial
Wat
er S
up
ply
Facil
itie
s w
ith
an
Em
ph
asis
on
th
e u
nd
erg
rou
nd
pip
ing
Sy
stem
.
28
. TR
AN
SAC
TIO
N O
F TH
E A
RC
HIT
ECTU
RA
L IN
STIT
UT
E O
F JA
PAN
NO
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*2
8-1
S
. Y
osh
ino
O
n th
e D
amag
e to
Co
ncr
ete
Blo
ck B
uil
-19
56
Tes
hik
aga
Bu
il.
Dam
. d
ing
s b
y t
he T
esh
ikag
a E
arth
qu
ake.
*2
8-2
T
. S
hig
a O
n th
e B
reak
ing
Pow
er o
f th
e T
idal
Wav
es
1961
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
Cau
sed
by
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
96
0,
Ob
serv
ed a
t O
hfu
nat
o a
nd
Rik
uze
nta
kad
a.
*2
8-3
K
. K
anet
a A
pre
lim
inary
Su
rvey
an
d O
bse
rvat
ion
of
1964
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Dam
aged
Bu
ild
ing
s in
Nii
gata
-sh
i d
ue
to
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Jun
e 1
6,
19
64
.
*2
8-4
T
. M
ori
i T
he
Dam
age
of
the N
iig
ata
J.N
.R.
Ho
spit
al
1965
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Cau
sed
by
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d
I it
s R
est
ora
tio
n W
orks
. I-
' 0'1
O
hsaw
a \0
*
28
-5
Y.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
Win
dow
Gla
ss in
19
66
Sh
izu
ok
a B
uil
. D
am.
I R
ein
forc
ed C
on
cret
e B
uil
din
gs
du
rin
g t
he
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f A
pri
l 2
0,
19
65
.
*2
8-6
M
. T
akeu
chi
Fu
nd
amen
tal
Stu
dy
of
the V
ibra
tio
nal
1965
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. v
ib.
Co
nd
itio
n o
f T
all
Bu
ild
ing
s in
an
Eart
h-
qu
ake
-V
ibra
tio
nal
Res
po
nse
An
aly
sis
Re-
gard
ing
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e as
a C
on
tin
uo
us
Sh
ock
ing
Fo
rce.
*2
8-7
Y
. Y
okoo
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
19
65
N
oh
bi
Gro
und
Dam
age
Dam
ages
an
d t
he G
roun
d S
tru
ctu
re a
rou
nd
(1
891)
N
agoy
a (P
art
1).
*2
8-8
T
. H
ori
uch
i T
he R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
1965
T
oh
nan
kai
G
roun
d D
amag
e D
amag
es a
nd
th
e
Gro
und
Str
uctu
re a
rou
nd
N
agoy
a (P
art
2
).
*28"
';9
E.
Kim
ura
Mea
sure
men
t o
f E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
n a
nd
19
66
Mat
sush
iro
E
Xp.
M
eas.
S
pec
tru
m A
naly
sis:
M
atsu
shir
o E
arth
qu
ake.
I I-'
...J o I
No.
*2
8-1
0
28
-11
Au
tho
r
T.
Tsu
noda
T.
Ho
riu
chi
Tit
le
Dat
e
Co
rrela
tio
n b
etw
een
Natu
ral
Gro
und
19
66
V
ibra
tio
n a
nd
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
at
Mat
sush
iro
.
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
19
66
D
amag
es
and
th
e G
roun
d S
tru
ctu
re
aro
un
d N
agoy
a (P
art
5)
•
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
Mat
sush
iro
G
roun
d
To
hn
ank
ai
Gro
und
Dam
age
NO
. A
uth
or
*2
9-1
T
. N
akam
ura
29
-2
R.
Kan
eko
29
-3
H.
Neg
ish
i
29
-4
s. N
akag
awa
I I-'
-.J
I-'
29
-5
N.
Taji
no
I
29
-6
N.
Mit
sush
ina
29
-7
S.
Yam
ash
ita
29
-8
N.
Oh
ira
29
. TE
CH
NIC
AL
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E N
ATI
ON
AL
RESE
ARC
H
INST
ITU
TE
O
F A
GR
ICU
LTU
RA
L EN
GIN
EER
ING
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Tech
nic
al
Rep
ort
of
the A
gri
cu
ltu
ral
1965
N
iig
ata
E
ng
inee
rin
g
Res
earc
h S
tati
on
, M
inis
try
o
f A
gri
cu
ltu
re a
nd
Fo
rest
ry
(Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e).
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ic A
spec
ts o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
1965
N
iig
ata
D
isast
er
to th
e A
gri
cu
ltu
ral
Lan
d.
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the D
isast
er-
stri
ck
en
19
65
Nii
gata
A
rea
and
Dam
age
to th
e P
add
y F
ield
s b
y
So
il B
ori
ng
s.
Ex
amp
les
of
Fu
ncti
on
al
'Dam
age
to t
he
1965
N
iig
ata
R
ese
rvo
irs
and
Dra
inp
ipes.
Dam
ages
to
th
e A
gri
cu
ltu
ral
Facil
itie
s
1965
N
iig
ata
an
d t
heir
Rest
ora
tio
n.
Dam
ages
to
Str
uctu
res
for
Ag
ricu
ltu
re
1965
N
iig
ata
an
d G
eolo
gic
al C
hara
cte
risi
tics.
Dam
age
Ob
serv
ed i
n t
he E
art
h D
am.
1965
N
iig
ata
Eff
ects
of
the L
an
dsl
ide o
n A
gri
cu1
-19
65
Nii
gata
tu
ra1
L
and
s.
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
Gen
.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Gro
und
Pu
b!.
D
am.
Pu
b!.
D
am.
Pu
b1
. D
am.
Gro
und
Pu
b!.
D
am.
Lan
dsl
ide
I .....
-..J
N I
No.
*3
0-1
*3
0-2
*3
0-3
*3
0-4
*3
0-5
*3
0-6
*3
0-7
*3
0-8
*3
0-9
*3
0-1
0
Au
tho
r
A.
Imam
ura
N.
Yam
asak
i
A.
Imam
ura
B.
Kot
o
T.
Ter
ada
T.
Ter
ada
T.
Ter
ada
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
30
. PR
OC
EED
ING
S O
F TH
E IM
PER
IAL
AC
ADEM
Y O
F JA
PAN
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
An
aly
tic I
nv
est
igati
on
of
the G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
19
26
Kan
to
The
Fau
lts
of
the T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
92
7.1
92
7
Tan
go
On
the D
est
ructi
ve T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 19
27
Tan
go
Mar
Qh
7,
19
27
: A
Ste
reo
metr
ica1
Stu
dy
o
f S
eism
ic O
rig
in.
The
T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
25
. 19
27
Taj
ima
On
the V
ert
ical
Dis
pla
cem
ent
of
the S
ea
1927
T
ajim
a B
ott
om
in
Sag
ami
Bay
Dis
cov
ered
aft
er
the
Gre
at K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
92
3.
On
the H
ori
zo
nta
l D
isp
lace
men
t o
f th
e
1928
K
anto
P
rim
ary
Tri
go
nem
etr
ical
Po
ints
Dis
cov
ered
aft
er
the K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
the G
eop
hy
sica
l S
ign
ific
an
ce o
f th
e
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t F
ound
aft
er
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
92
3.
19
28
K
anto
A N
ote
on
th
e R
esu
lt o
f th
e P
recis
e
1928
K
amit
akai
L
evel
ing
in
th
e L
itto
ral
Reg
ion
of
Ech
igo
an
d S
inan
o.
Su
pp
lem
enta
ry N
ote
on
th
e R
esu
lt o
f 19
28
Kam
itak
ai
Pre
cis
e L
ev
eli
ng
in
Ech
igo
an
d S
inan
o.
On
the H
ori
zo
nta
l S
hif
t o
f th
e
Dis
loca-
1928
K
anto
ti
on
s A
ccom
pany
ing
the
Rec
ent
Dest
ructi
ve
Ear
thq
uak
es i
n t
he K
anto
D
istr
ict
and
in
T
ango
Pro
vin
ce.
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Fau
lt
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Lev
. &
Tri
. S
ek
ihara
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Lev
.& T
ri.
Sek
ihara
Fau
lt
Tan
go
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*3
0-1
1
A.
Imam
ura
On
the T
ilti
ng
s o
f th
e E
art
h P
reced
ing
19
28
Kan
to
Til
t E
qk
e.
Sg
ns.
th
e K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
92
3.
*3
0-1
2
T.
Ter
ada
On
the H
ori
zo
nta
l D
isp
lace
men
ts o
f th
e
1928
T
ango
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Eart
h's
C
rust
Pro
du
ced
by
th
e T
ango
E
arth
qu
ake.
*3
0-1
3
T.
Ter
ada
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e H
ori
zo
nta
l 19
28
Tan
go
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. D
efo
rmat
ion
an
d P
ost
seis
mic
vert
ical
Dis
pla
cmen
t o
f th
e E
art
h's
Cru
st w
hic
h
Acc
ompa
nied
th
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*3
0-1
4
T.
Ter
ada
Po
stse
ism
ic S
low
Vert
ical
Dis
pla
cem
ent
1928
T
ango
S
ub
. &
Uph
. o
f th
e E
art
h's
C
rust
an
d I
sost
asy
.
I *
30
-15
T
. T
erad
a V
ert
ical
Dis
pla
cem
ents
o
f th
e S
ea B
ed
19
28
T
ango
S
ub
. &
Uph
. I-
' o
ff t
he C
oas
t o
f th
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e -..
J w
D
istr
ict.
I
*3
0-1
6
T.
Ter
ada
On
a C
hara
cte
rist
ic M
ode
of
Def
orm
atio
n
1928
K
anto
C
rst.
M
vmt
Tan
go
of
the S
ea B
ed.
*3
0-1
7
A.
Imam
ura
On
the T
op
og
rap
hic
al C
han
ges
Pre
ced
ing
19
28
Ko-
No
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. an
d F
oll
ow
ing
th
e A
nega
wa
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
90
9.
*3
0-1
8
A.
Imam
ura
On
the S
eism
ic A
cti
vit
y o
f C
en
tral
Jap
an
1928
N
oh
bi
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
wit
h S
pecia
l R
efer
ence
to
th
e
Cau
se o
f (1
891)
th
e G
reat
Min
o-O
War
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
18
91
.
*3
0-1
9
N.
Nas
u A
Fu
rth
er
No
te
on
th
e S
tere
om
etr
ical
1928
T
ango
E
xp
. M
eas
Aft
ers
ho
ck
S
tud
y o
f th
e O
rig
ins
of
the G
reat
Tan
go
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d i
ts A
fters
ho
ck
s.
*30'
-20
A.
Imam
ura
A F
urt
her
No
te o
n th
e S
eism
ic A
cti
vit
y
1928
N
ohbi
E
qk
e.
Act
. o
f th
e N
ort
her
n P
art
of
Cen
tral
Jap
an.
(189
1)
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*3
0-2
1
C.
Tsu
bo
i O
n th
e P
ost
seis
mic
Blo
ck M
ovem
ents
in
19
28
Tan
go
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt
the T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e D
istr
ict.
*3
0-2
2
B.
Kot
o T
he I
wats
uk
i Sei~mic
Zon
e as
a F
acto
r 19
29
Kan
to
Geo
log
y
of
the G
reat
Tok
yo
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
92
3.
30
-23
N
. N
asu
On
the C
rust
al
Blo
ck w
hic
h P
lay
ed a
n
19
29
T
ango
F
au
lt
Imp
ort
an
t P
art
in
th
e D
est
ructi
ve T
ango
E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
27
.
*3
0-2
4
T.
Ter
ada
The
D
efo
rmat
ion
of
the E
art
h's
Cru
st a
nd
19
29
Tan
go
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
To
po
gra
ph
ical
Featu
res.
*3
0-2
5
A.
Imam
ura
On
the M
ult
iple
So
urc
e O
rig
ins
of
the
1929
K
anto
F
au
lt
Cau
se
Gre
at
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
1923
an
d it
s
I R
ela
tio
n t
o t
he F
au
lt S
yst
em C
on
nec
ted
I-
-' -..
.J w
ith
th
e E
arth
qu
ake.
"'" I
30
-26
A
. Im
amur
a O
n th
e P
re-s
eis
mic
Eart
h T
ilti
ng
an
d t
he
1929
N
ara-
Min
ami
Cau
se
Eq
ke.
S
gn
s S
eism
ic M
echa
nism
of
Occ
ure
nce
of
the
Til
t K
ii
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ly 4
, 1
92
9.
*3
0-2
7
T.
Ter
ada
Cru
stal
Dis
turb
ance
in
Kan
to D
istr
icts
. 1
93
0
Kan
to
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
*3
0-2
8
C.
Tsu
bo
i A
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ic M
ode
of
Dis
pla
cem
ents
of
19
30
T
ango
C
rst.
M
vrnt
. T
rian
gu
lati
on
Po
ints
in
th
e T
ango
Dis
tric
t aft
er
the ~ango
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
92
7.
*3
0-2
9
A.
Imam
ura
On
Ch
ang
es o
f T
op
og
rap
hy
, b
oth
Ch
ron
ic
1930
H
oei
C
rst.
M
vrnt
. H
akuh
o,
An
sei
and
Acu
te,
in t
he S
ou
ther
n P
art
of
Sh
iko
ku
.
*3
0-3
0
H.
Yab
e T
he
Gre
at
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
19
30
K
anto
G
eolo
gy
1
92
3,
and
th
e G
eo
tecto
nic
s o
f th
e
Mei
zose
ism
ic A
rea.
*3
0-3
1
A.
Imam
ura
On
the
Rec
ent
Ito
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1930
It
o
Gen
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*3
0-3
2
C.
Tsu
bo
i G
eop
hy
sica
l S
ign
ific
an
ce o
f th
e A
real
1
93
0
Kan
to
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. D
efo
rmat
ion
of
the
Bas
e L
ine
Rho
mbu
s at
Mit
aka.
30
-33
E
arth
qu
ake
The
R
esu
lt o
f th
e P
recis
e L
ev
eli
ng
Carr
-1
93
0
Izu
L
ev.
&
Tri
o
Res
earc
h
ied
ou
t al
on
g t
he E
ast
Co
st o
f th
e P
ro-
Insti
tute
v
ince o
f Iz
u ju
st
pri
or
to t
he O
ccu
rren
ce
of
the R
ecen
t S
tro
ng
Izu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*3
0-3
4
N.
Miy
abe
On
the v
ert
ical
Eart
h M
ovem
ent
in K
anto
1
93
0
Kan
to
Sub
. &
U
ph.
Dis
tric
t.
*3
0-3
5
N.
Miy
abe
On
the R
ela
tio
n b
etw
een
Ho
rizo
nta
l an
d
19
30
K
anto
C
rst.
M
vmt •
.. V
ert
ical
Mov
emen
ts o
f th
e E
art
h's
Cru
st
in t
he K
anto
Dis
tric
t.
I I-'
*3
0-3
6
A.
Imam
ura
On
the B
lock
Mov
emen
t A
ccom
pany
ing
and
1
93
0
Kan
to
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. ..
J U
1 an
d F
oll
ow
ing
th
e G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
I o
f 1
92
3.
*3
0-3
7
A.
Imam
ura
On
the
Rec
ent
Dest
ructi
ve I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
30
Izu
G
en.
of
19
30
.
*3
0-3
8
A.
Imam
ura
On
the B
lock
Mov
emen
ts th
at
Pre
ced
ed a
nd
19
31
Ch
iba
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. A
ccom
pani
ed t
he S
ever
e T
okyo
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
ay
21
, 1
92
8:
Acti
ve F
au
lts
Acr
oss
th
e
Cit
y o
f T
okyo
.
*3
0-3
9
N.
Miy
abe
On
Blo
ck M
ovem
ents
of
the E
art
h's
Cru
st.
1931
K
anto
C
rst.
M
vmt.
*3
0-4
0
C.
Tsu
bo
i A
No
te o
n t
he R
esu
lts
of
the
Rep
eate
d
1931
Iz
u
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. L
ev.
& T
ri.
Pre
cis
e L
evel
ing
s acro
ss th
e It
o S
eism
ic
Reg
ion
.
*3
0-4
1
C.
Tsu
bo
i S
up
ple
men
tary
No
te o
n t
he A
real
D
efo
rma-
1931
K
anto
C
rst.
M
vmt.
tio
n o
f th
e B
ase
Lin
e R
hom
bus
at
Mit
aka.
I I-'
--.J
G\ I
NO
.
*3
0-4
2
*3
0-4
3
*3
0-4
4
*3
0-4
5
*3
0-4
6
*3
0-4
7
*3
0-4
8
*3
0-4
9
*3
0-5
0
*3
0-5
1
Au
tho
r
C.
Tsu
bo
i
C.
Tsu
bo
i
A.
Imam
ura
N.
Miy
abe
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
C.
Tsu
bo
i
S.
Nak
amur
a
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Ind
epen
den
t R
ela
tiv
e V
ert
ical
Mov
emen
ts
of
Lan
d B
lock
s as
Rev
eale
d b
y M
eans
o
f R
epea
ted
Pre
cis
e L
eve1
ing
s al
on
g t
he
Wes
tern
Co
ast
of
the I
zu
Pen
insu
la.
1931
Iz
u
On
the R
esu
lts
of
the F
ifth
Pre
cis
e
1931
T
ango
L
evel
ing
s in
th
e T
ang
o E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
tric
t.
On
the C
rust
al
Def
orm
atio
ns
that
Pre
ce
ded
an
d A
ccom
pani
ed t
he S
ever
e H
aned
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
Au
gu
st 3
, 1
92
6.
1931
H
aned
a
Po
st-S
eis
mic
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
ts
in B
ohso
P
en
insu
la.
1931
K
anto
On
the N
ort
hw
ard
Mov
emen
t o
f C
rust
al
De-
1931
Iz
u
form
atio
n a
lon
g t
he W
este
rn B
ou
nd
ary
of
the K
anto
Pla
in.
On
the T
suna
mi
of
N.E
. Ja
pan
, o
f M
ar.
2,
1933
1
93
3.
vert
ical
Cru
stal
Dis
pla
cem
ent
in t
he
1933
S
eism
ic R
egio
n o
f It
o,
on
th
e E
ast
Co
ast
of
the I
zu
Pen
insu
la.
Ano
mal
ous
Secu
lar
Vari
ati
on
of
Mag
net
ic
1934
D
ip in
th
e E
pic
en
tral
Are
a o
f th
e D
est
ruc
tiv
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 2
6,
19
30
.
San
rik
u
(193
3)
Ito
Izu
Cru
stal
Def
orm
atio
ns
Ass
ocia
ted
wit
h t
he
1935
K
isak
ata
D
ewa
Ear
thq
uak
es o
f 18
04 a
nd
189
4 as
Re-
veale
d i
n t
he R
evis
ion
s o
f P
recis
e L
ev
els
.
On
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
s A
ccom
pani
ed b
y t
he
1936
N
osh
iro
N
osi
ro E
arth
qu
akes
of
1694
an
d 1
70
4.
Su
b.
&
Uph
.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. L
ev.
& T
ri.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t:.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Tsu
nam
i
Su
b.
&
Uph
.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. S
ho
hn
ai
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. H
oei
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*3
0-5
2
Y.
Kat
o
Mag
net
ic D
istu
rban
ce in
th
e S
eism
ic A
rea
1936
S
hiz
uo
ka
Cu
r.
&
Mag
. o
f th
e S
em
i-d
est
ructi
ve S
hiz
uo
ka
Eart
h-
(193
5)
qu
ake
of
July
11
, 1
93
5.
*3
0-5
3
T.
Oga
wa
On
a S
eism
og
enic
Lin
e in
Kin
ki
Pro
vin
ces,
1
93
9
Tan
go
Geo
log
y
So
uth
wes
t Ja
pan
. (P
art
1:
Gre
at
Eart
h-
qu
ake
of
the N
ort
her
n D
istr
icts
of
Tan
go
, 19
27)
*3
0-5
4
A.
Imam
aura
C
rust
al
Def
orm
atio
ns
Ass
ocia
ted
wit
h t
he
1937
T
sug
aru
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Aji
kaz
awa
Tsu
gar
u E
arth
qu
akes
of
17
66
an
d 1
79
3.
*3
0-5
5
-A
. Im
amur
a L
and
Def
orm
atio
ns
and
Sei
smic
Acti
vit
y
1939
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Ho
ei,
Tsu
ga:r
u in
th
e M
utsu
-Dew
a D
istr
ict.
I *
30
-56
A
. Im
amur
a L
ate
r C
rust
al
Def
orm
atio
ns
in t
he T
ango
19
40
Tan
go
ers
t.
Mvm
t. A
jik
azaw
a I-
' D
istr
ict •
...
J ...
J I
*3
0-5
7
A.
Imam
ura
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
s A
sso
cia
ted
wit
h t
he
1941
O
ga
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. O
ga
(18
10
),et
c O
ga
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
93
9.
30
-58
A
. Im
amur
a L
and
Def
orm
atio
ns
as
Rev
eale
d i
n t
he
Re-
1942
S
ho
hn
ai
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. v
isio
ns
of
Pre
cis
e L
evel
s L
ink
ing
Nii
ho
ri
wit
h S
en
dai.
*3
0-5
9
A.
Imam
ura
The
His
tori
cal
Hin
ai E
arth
qu
ake,
W
ith
19
43
Ten
-an
G
en.
Sp
ecia
l R
efer
ence
to
th
e T
ime
of
its O
c-cu
rren
ce a
s P
resu
med
fro
m t
he P
rese
nce
of
Cert
ain
Ap
par
atu
s U
nea
rth
ed f
rom
a
Bu
ried
H
ou
se.
*3
0-6
0
A.
Imam
ura
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
s in
th
e S
ou
theast
ern
19
43
Ho
ei
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. A
nse
i P
art
of
To
hto
hm
i.
*3
0-6
1
T.
Nag
ata
Mea
sure
men
t o
f th
e E
art
h-C
urr
en
t in
th
e
1944
T
ott
ori
C
ur.
&
M
ag.
Vic
init
y o
f th
e S
ikan
o F
au
lt.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
*3
0-6
2
A.
Imam
ura
On
the G
reat
Min
o E
art
hq
uak
eo
f 1
83
3.
1944
M
ino
Gen
.
*3
0-6
3
A.
Imam
ura
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
s A
sso
cia
ted
wit
h t
he
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Rec
ent
. To
hk
aid
o E
arth
qu
ake.
*3
0-6
4
A.
Imam
ura
On
the G
reat
Dep
ress
ion
Ear
thq
uak
es o
f 19
46
Tan
go
Su
b.
& U
ph.
Bun
go
701
in T
ango
an
d 1
596
in B
ungo
.
*3
0-6
5
A.
Imam
ura
Past
Dest
ructi
ve E
arth
qu
akes
Ori
gin
ate
d
1947
T
ango
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Ohm
i,
Ise
in t
he
Dep
ress
ed R
egio
n L
yin
g b
etw
een
W
akas
a an
d I
se B
ays.
*3
0-6
6
A.
Imam
ura
On
the G
reat
Tsu
ku
shi
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 6
79
. 19
47
Tsu
ku
shi
Gen
. H
yu
gan
ada,
et
a1
I *
30
-67
T
. Y
agi
On
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
s A
sso
cia
ted
wit
h
1947
Z
enk
oh
ji
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. I-
" an
d F
oll
ow
ing
th
e G
reat
Zen
ko
hji
-.
,J
co
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
84
7.
I
31
. A
CAD
EMIC
RE
SEA
RCH
R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
SAIT
O
HO
-ON
K
AI
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
31
-1
S.
Nak
amur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
in
Kiz
aki
1925
T
ajim
a G
en.
31
-2
S.
Nak
amur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
in O
ku-T
ango
.
31
-3
R.
Tay
ama
Geo
log
ical
Str
uctu
re in
th
e
Are
a S
hak
en
1928
T
ajim
a G
eolo
gy
T
ango
b
y t
he T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake,
and
Rec
ent
Geo
log
ical
His
tory
.
31
-4
R.
Ao
ki
To
po
gra
ph
y a
nd
Geo
log
y o
f th
e K
anto
19
30
Kan
to
Geo
log
y
Tecto
nic
Basi
n:
Mai
nly
, th
ose
of
its
Wes
tern
Part
.
31
-5
R.
Tay
ama
To
po
gra
ph
y o
f th
e B
ohso
Pen
insu
la:
1930
K
anto
G
eolo
gy
M
ain
ly,
Co
map
risi
on
of
the E
rosi
on
I
Su
rface s
•
I-'
..J
\0
I 3
1-6
R
. T
ayam
a R
e1
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e K
ita-I
zu
Eart
h-
1931
Iz
u
Geo
log
y
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 2
6,
1930
an
d t
he G
eo
log
ical
Str
uctu
re
31
-7
R.
Tay
ama
The
Og
un
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 4
, 19
31
1932
O
gu
ni
Gen
. G
eolo
gy
an
d t
he T
op
og
rap
hy
an
d G
eolo
gy
in
th
e
Are
a S
hak
en b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake.
I I-' co
o I
No.
32
-1
32
-2
32
-3
32
-4
*3
2-5
*32 .
.. 6
32
-7
*3
2-8
Au
tho
r
H.
Yab
e
H.
Yab
e
H.
Yab
e
H.
Yab
e
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
S.
Nak
amur
a
S.
Nak
amur
a
32
. A
NN
UA
L R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
WOR
K O
F TH
E SA
ITO
H
O-O
N
KA
I
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
on
th
e G
reat
K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
. 19
25
Kan
to
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
on
th
e G
reat
19
26
Kan
to
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
1923
(P
art
2).
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
on
th
e G
reat
19
28
Kan
to
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
1923
(P
art
3).
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
on
th
e G
reat
19
.29
Kan
to
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
1923
(P
art
4).
Mag
net
ic D
istu
rban
ces
in t
he V
olc
anic
19
31
Izu
an
d S
eism
ici
Reg
ion
s.
The
Ele
ctr
ic E
art
h P
ote
nti
al
Dis
turb
ance
19
31
Izu
in
th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
the E
arth
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 2
6,
19
30
.
Eart
h's
Mag
net
ism
Ob
serv
ed i
n t
he
1932
A
rea
Sha
ken
by th
e K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Res
earc
h o
n t
he T
err
estr
ial
Mag
neti
sm
1934
an
d t
he E
art
h's
Po
ten
tial
Sp
ecia
lly
R
efe
rred
to
th
e O
ccu
rren
ce o
f E
arth
qu
akes
an
d V
olc
anic
Acti
vit
y.
Izu
san
rik
u
(193
3)
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Cu
r.
&
Mag
.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
I t-'
ex>
t-' I
No.
*3
3-1
*3
3-2
*3
3-3
*3
3-4
*3
3-5
*3
3-6
*3
3-7
Au
tho
r
S.
Nak
amur
a
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
e
33
. S
CIE
NT
IFIC
REP
OR
T O
F TO
HOKU
IM
PER
IAL
U
NIV
ERSI
TY
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
of
Mar
ch 7
, 19
27
1929
T
ango
G
en.
in T
ango
, Ja
pan
.
Mag
net
ic D
istu
rban
ce in
th
e S
eism
ic
1932
Iz
u
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Are
a o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
Nov
. 2
6,
19
30
.
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the C
hang
es in
th
e
1941
K
uss
har
o
Cu
r.
&
Mag
. E
art
h's
Mag
net
ic F
ield
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e
Ear
thq
uak
es o
r V
olc
anic
Eru
pti
on
s.
2nd
Rep
ort
: O
n th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
ay
29
, 1
93
8,
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed n
ear
Lak
e K
uss
har
o-k
o,
Ho
kk
aid
o.
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the C
hang
es in
th
e
Eart
h's
Mag
net
ic F
ield
Acc
ompa
nyin
g; t
he
Ear
thq
uak
es o
r V
olc
anic
Eru
pti
on
s.
3rd
Rep
ort
: O
n th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f N
ov.
5,
1938
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he S
ea
Bo
tto
m n
ear
Iwak
i,
Fu
ku
shim
a-k
en.
On
the C
hang
es o
f th
e T
err
estr
ial
Mag
n
eti
c F
ield
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e G
reat
N
anak
aid
o E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
46
.
On
the C
hang
es o
f th
e E
art
h-c
urr
en
t an
d
the E
art
h's
Mag
net
ic F
ield
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
the C
hang
es o
f th
e T
err
estr
ial
Mag
n
eti
c F
ield
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e T
och
igi
(Im
aich
i)
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
26
, 1
94
9.
1941
S
ioy
asa
ki-
CU
r.
& M
ag.
ok
i
1949
N
ank
ai
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
1950
F
uk
ui
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
1950
Im
aich
i C
ur.
&
M
ag.
I I-'
OJ
N I
No.
*3
3-8
*3
3-9
*3
3-1
0
*3
3-1
1
*3
3-1
2
Au
tho
r
J.
Su
zuk
i
J.
Su
zuk
i
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
Tit
le
On
the T
suna
mi
in t
he S
anri
ku
Dis
tric
t A
ccom
pany
ing
the T
ok
ach
i E
arth
qu
ake,
M
arch
4,
19
52
.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i
On
the H
eig
hts
of
the T
suna
mi
of
Mar
. 4
, 19
53
To
kac
hi-
ok
i T
suna
mi
19
52
, in
th
e D
istr
ict
near
Eri
mo
-mis
aki.
Rep
ort
of
the T
suna
mi
in S
hiz
ug
awa
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i H
arb
or
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e T
ok
ach
i E
arth
qu
ake
on
Mar
ch
4,
19
52
.
No
tes
On
the C
hang
e o
f th
e E
art
h's
Mag
net
ic
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Fie
ld A
ccom
pany
ing
the T
ok
ach
i E
arth
qu
ake
on
Mar
ch 4
, 1
95
2.
The
C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i o
f 19
60 O
bse
rved
al
on
g t
he S
an
rik
u C
oas
t o
f Ja
pan
. 19
61
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i
34
. TH
E H
YD
ROG
RAPH
IC
BU
LLET
IN
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
34
-1
R.
Tay
ama
Geo
mo
rph
olo
gic
al a
nd
Geo
log
ical
Stu
dy
19
49
Kaw
achi
G
eolo
gy
o
n t
he C
hang
e o
f th
e S
ea B
ott
om
in
A
tsuI
Di
Wan
.
*3
4-2
M
iny
o-m
aru
, A
Sh
ip's
Rep
ort
on
the T
sun
ami
du
e to
19
52
To
kac
hi-
ok
i T
suna
mi
Toy
o K
isen
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*3
4-3
F
irst
Reg
ion
al
Dam
ages
at
Ku
shir
o H
arb
or
du
e to
th
e
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. M
arit
ime
Safe
ty
To
kaC
hi-
ok
i E
arth
qu
ake.
H
ead
qu
arte
r 3
4-4
S
. Y
amag
uchi
O
n th
e S
ea-W
aves
(T
suna
mi)
o
n N
ov
.5,
19
52
,19
53
K
amch
atka
T
suna
mi
foll
ow
ing
th
e G
reat
Kam
chat
ka E
arth
qu
ake.
*3
4-5
A
. M
ogi
On
the D
epth
Cha
nge
at
the T
ime
of
the
1959
K
anto
C
rst.
M
vmt.
I K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Sag
ami
Bay
. I-
' (X
l w
*
34
-6
Hy
dro
gra
ph
y
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
946
1948
N
ank
ai
Tsu
nam
i I
Dep
artm
ent
(Tsu
nam
i) •
*3
4-7
R
. K
omuk
ai
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
946
1948
N
ank
ai
Dam
age
Grn
d.D
ef.
(Cha
nge
of
the L
and ~rface
and
Dam
age)
.
*3
4-8
S
. C
hin
o
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
anak
i E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
946
1948
N
ank
ai
Geo
log
y
(Su
bm
arin
e T
op
og
rap
hy
).
*3
4-9
R
. N
akay
ama
Rep
ort
on
th
e M
ikaw
a E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
94
5.
1948
M
ikaw
a C
rst.
M
vmt.
(Cha
nge
of
the S
ea-b
ott
om
in
Mik
awa
Bay
).
34
-10
M
. T
amiy
a O
n th
e T
suna
mi
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
35
. RA
ILW
AY
C
IVIL
EN
GIN
EER
ING
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
35
-1
Co
nst
. &
Mai
nt.
R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e b
y t
he
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e D
ep
t.,J
.N.R
. N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Su
rvey
of
Dam
age.
35
-2
K.
Oh
ash
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e b
y t
he
1964
N
iig
ata
P
ub
!.
Dam
. N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Dam
age
to B
rid
ge
Str
uctu
res.
35
-3
T.
Iked
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e by
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
G
roun
d D
amag
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip
bet
wee
n G
roun
d F
eatu
res
and
Dam
age.
35
-4
K.
Iked
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e b
y t
he
1964
N
iig
ata
P
ub
!.
Dam
. N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uk
ae:
Dam
age
to S
tru
ctu
res.
I ~
Nii
gata
00
3
5-5
G
. Y
amad
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e b
y t
he
19
64
P
ub
!.
Dam
. Ii':
> I N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Dam
age
to B
ank
ing
, C
utt
ing
an
d T
un
nel
.
35
-6
Dam
age
to t
he R
ailw
ay b
y t
he N
iig
ata
19
64
Nii
gata
D
amag
e E
arth
qu
ake.
G
rap
hic
al
Rep
rese
nta
tio
n.
36
. RA
ILW
AY
TE
CH
NIC
AL
RESE
ARC
H
REP
OR
T
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
36
-1
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
36
-2
T.
Fu
jiw
ara
Occ
urr
ence
an
d M
agn
itu
de
of
the E
art
h-
1964
N
iig
ata
E
xp
. M
eas.
q
uak
e.
36
-3
T.
Ma
tsu
nam
i S
eism
ic D
amag
e.
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
36
-4
Y.
Sato
D
amag
e to
T
ram
way
s •
1964
N
iig
ata
P
ub
!.
Dam
.
36
-5
Y.
Sait
o
Dam
ages
to
Pu
bli
c S
tru
ctu
res
and
Fo
un
d-
1964
N
iig
ata
P
ub
!.
Dam
. ati
on
s.
36
-6
T.
Ma ts
un
ami
Dam
age
to B
rid
ge
Str
uctu
res.
19
64
Nii
gata
P
ub
!.
Dam
.
I !oJ
36
-7
Y.
Kom
ura
Dam
age
to t
he ~unne1.
19
64
N
iig
ata
P
ub
!.
Dam
. (X
l U
1 I 3
6-8
M
. Ih
ara
D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s.
1964
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
36
-9
T.
Ma
tsu
nam
i O
ther
Dam
ages
. 19
64
Nii
gata
D
amag
e
30
-10
T
. F
uji
wara
O
bse
rvat
ion
of
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1964
N
iig
ata
E
xp
. M
eas.
36
-11
Y
. S
ait
o
Qu
ick
san
d.
1964
N
iig
ata
G
rnd
. D
ef.
36
-12
Y
. T
ada
Dam
age
du
e to
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
64
Nii
gata
G
en.
and
It
s In
stru
cti
on
36
-13
P
ho
tog
rap
hs
of
Dam
age.
19
64
Nii
gata
D
amag
e
No.
A
uth
or
37
-1
F.
Ohm
ori
37
-2
37
-3
M.
Su
zuk
i
37
-4
Su
per
inte
nd
ent:
B
ure
au
37
-5
Res
. In
st.
o
f
I th
e M
inis
ter'
s ~
Secre
tari
at
0:>
0'1
37
-6
I
37
. TE
CH
NIC
AL
NO
TES
OF
THE
RESE
ARC
H
INST
ITU
TE
O
F TH
E M
INIS
TE
R'S
SE
CR
ETA
RIA
T,
MIN
ISTR
Y
OF
RAIL
WA
YS
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
Inte
nsi
ty o
f th
e S
eism
ic M
oti
on
an
d
19
22
R
yu
hg
asak
i D
amag
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e.
Rep
ort
on
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the D
amag
e 1
92
3
Kan
to
Pu
bl.
D
am.
do
ne
by
th
e G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
The
G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
92
3.
19
23
K
anto
G
en.
Pic
ture
s o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
to
19
24
K
anto
P
ub
1.
Dam
. L
oca
l R
ailw
ays
and
Tra
mw
ays.
Infl
uen
ce o
f th
e G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
19
24
K
anto
G
rnd
. W
tr.
on
Art
esi
an
Wel
ls.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
Rai
lway
s b
y t
he
19
25
T
ajim
a P
ub
l.
Dam
. E
arth
qu
ake
aro
un
d T
oyoo
ka a
nd
K
ino
sak
i.
No
tes
I I-'
(Xl
-...J I
No.
38
-1
38
-2
38
-3
38
-4
38
-5
38
-6
38
-7
38
-8
38
-9
Au
tho
r
H.
Wat
anab
e
S.
Un
ok
i
Y.
Kat
o
T.
Iwas
aki
H.
Sug
ano
N.
Nam
ise
Y.
Ito
N.
Nam
ise
38
. G
ENER
AL
STU
DIE
S ON
TH
E TO
HO
KU
D
IST
RIC
TS
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ic'
Featu
res
of
the C
hil
ean
196
0 C
hil
ean
S
eism
ic T
sun
ami,
M
ar.
24
, 1
96
0:
San
rik
u
Co
ast.
Wat
er W
ave
Mo
tio
n O
bse
rved
in
th
e S
ea
aro
un
d t
he T
ohok
u D
istr
ict.
The
C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
sun
ami.
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
Dam
age
to P
ub
lic
Str
uctu
res
du
e to
Ch
ilean
Tsu
nam
i an
d
Co
un
term
easu
res
ag
ain
st T
sun
amis
.
1960
C
hil
ean
1960
C
hil
ean
1960
C
hil
ean
Dam
age
to H
ach
ino
he
Har
bo
r S
tru
ctu
res
by
19
60
Ch
ilean
th
e C
hil
ean
Sei
smic
Tsu
nam
i an
d i
ts
Co
un
tell
llea
sure
s.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Ch
ilean
Sei
smic
Tsu
nam
i (P
art
1:
Far
m
Lan
ds)
.
The
C
hil
ean
Sei
smic
Tsu
nam
i an
d W
ave
Hei
gh
t in
and
ar
ou
nd
Miy
ako
Bay
.
The
Ch
ilean
Sei
smic
Tsu
nam
i an
d
His
tori
cal
Dat
a o
f th
e T
ohok
u D
istr
ict.
1960
C
hil
ean
1960
C
hil
ean
1960
C
hil
ean
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
1960
C
hil
ean
C
hil
ean
Sei
smic
Tsu
nam
i (P
art
2:
Ho
use
s).
Tsu
nam
i
Oth
ers
Tsu
nam
i
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
No
tes
Tsu
nam
i,
Seic
he
Exa
m.
of
His
tori
cal
Doc
umen
ts
I .....
00
00
I
No.
39
-1
39
-2
39
-3
39
-4
39
-5
39
-6
39
-7
39
-8
39
-9
39-.
10
39
-11
39
-12
39
-13
Au
tho
r
S.
Sek
iya
B.
Kot
o
S.
Sek
iya
A.
Tan
akad
ate
Y.
Has
hib
a
F.
Olu
nori
F.
Olu
nori
K.
Ish
i
39
. O
RIE
NTA
L A
RTS
AND
SCIE
NC
ES
("A
RT
S AN
D SC
IEN
CE
S"
for
Vo
l.
39
, N
o.
487
thro
ug
h V
ol.
4
0,
No.
5
04
).
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
His
tory
of
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
es i
n t
he
Noh
bi D
istr
ict.
18
91
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er.
18
91
N
ohbi
(1
891)
H
yp
oce
nte
r o
f th
e G
reat
Noh
bi E
arth
qu
ake.
18
92
Noh
bi
(189
1)
The
C
ause
of
the G
reat
Kum
amot
o E
art
h
qu
ake
of
18
89
. C
hang
e in
th
e Is
o-m
agn
etic
Dia
gra
m
Fo
llo
win
g t
he G
reat
Noh
bi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
No
te o
n t
he
Dew
a (K
isak
ata)
E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
80
4.
The
E
arth
qu
ake
on
Ju
ne
20
, 18
94 a
nd
th
e
Aft
ersh
ock
.
Tab
le E
xp
ress
ing
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e to
T
ok
yo
.
Rec
ord
of
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
n.
1892
K
umam
oto
1892
N
ohbi
(1
891)
1892
K
isak
ata
1894
T
okyo
1894
T
okyo
1894
T
okyo
Gen
. T
enpy
o -
An
sei
Dam
age
Fau
lt
Cau
se
Cu
r.
&
Mag
.
Gen
.
Gen
. A
fter
sho
ck
Dam
age
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
The
Ho
kk
aid
o E
arth
qu
ake
and
th
e
Eart
h
qu
ake
Resi
stan
t B
uil
din
gs.
18
94
Ku
shir
o-o
ki
Ase
is.
Des
. D
amag
e
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
urv
ey o
f D
amag
e b
y t
he
1896
T
sun
ami.
The
T
suna
mi
and
th
e M
iyak
o W
eath
er S
ta-
1896
ti
on
.
Flu
ctu
ati
on
of
the E
art
h's
Mag
neti
sm
1896
p
rece
din
g a
nd
Fo
llo
win
g t
he G
reat
Tsu
nam
i.
San
rik
u
(189
6)
San
rik
u
(189
6)
san
rik
u
(189
6)
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
39
-14
T
he G
reat
Rik
u-U
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1896
R
iku-
U
Gen
.
39
-15
H
. Iw
asak
i T
om
bst
on
es O
ver
turn
ed b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake.
18
96
Rik
u-U
O
ther
s
39
-16
T
he
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h R
eocc
urr
ed in
18
97
Rik
uch
u
Gen
. th
e
Rik
uch
u R
egio
n.
(189
7)
39
-17
F
. O
hmor
i O
n th
e A
fter
sho
ck o
f th
e G
reat
No
hb
i 1
90
0
Noh
bi
Aft
ers
ho
ck
E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
89
1.
(189
1)
39
-18
B
. K
oto
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e N
eo F
au
lt.
1900
N
oh
bi
Fau
lt
(189
1)
39
-19
F
. O
hmor
i E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
to C
him
ney
s.
1907
T
okyo
D
amag
e
39
-20
F
. O
hmor
i T
he
Edo
E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
85
5.
1907
E
do
Gen
.
I 3
9-2
1
F.
Ohm
ori
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he O
hmi
Dis
tric
t 1
90
9
Ko-
No
Gen
. ~
on
Aug
. 1
4,
19
09
. (X
l \0
I
39
-22
F
. O
hmor
i T
he O
kina
wa
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Aug
. 2
9,
19
09
. 19
09
Oki
naw
a G
en.
39
-23
F
. O
hmer
i T
he A
fter
sho
ck o
f th
e K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake,
19
09
Ko-
No
Aft
ers
ho
ck
A
ug.
14
, 1
90
9.
39
-24
F
. O
hmer
i p
rop
ag
ati
on
velo
cit
y o
f th
e K
o-N
o 19
09
Ko-
No
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Aug
. 1
4,
19
09
.
39
-25
B
. K
oto
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
on
th
e K
o-N
o 19
09
Ko-
No
Geo
log
y
Ear
thq
uak
e.
39
-26
F
. O
hmer
i T
he S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n D
ec.
10
, 1
90
9.
1909
H
yuga
nada
G
en.
(190
9)
39
-27
T
ado
tsu
Wea
ther
R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
ado
tsu
(H
yu
ga-
nad
a)
1909
H
yuga
nada
G
en.
Sta
tio
n
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake.
(1
909)
39
-28
T
ado
tsu
Wea
ther
R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1910
H
yuga
nada
G
en.
Sta
tio
n
(190
9)
, I-'
\0
o I
No.
39
-29
39
-30
39
-31
39
-32
39
-33
39
-34
39
-35
39
-36
39
-37
39
-38
39
-39
39
-40
Au
tho
r T
itle
F.
Ohm
ori
The
Z'e
nk
oh
ji E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
84
7.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake·
· C
lass
ifi
cati
on
1910
Z
enk
oji
G
en.
No
tes
F.
Ohm
ori
Est
imati
on
of
the H
yp
oce
nte
rs o
f th
e
Str
on
g S
aku
raji
ma
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he
Ak
ita
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1914
S
aku
raji
ma
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Ugo
sen
S.
Uch
ida
Y.
Aou
mi
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
Eff
ect
of
Woo
den
Ase
ism
ic S
tru
ctu
re a
t th
e O
ccu
rren
ce o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in
Ak
ita-
ken
, 1
91
4.
The
Str
on
g E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed
aro
un
d A
sam
a-ya
ma.
The
Sev
ere
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Sh
izu
ok
a-k
en i
n
the m
orn
ing
of
May
1
8,
19
17
.
On
the C
ause
of
the S
hiz
uo
ka
Ear
thq
uak
e,
May
1
8,
19
17
.
1914
U
gose
n B
ui1
. D
am.
1916
A
sam
a-ya
ma
Gen
.
1917
S
hiz
uo
ka
Gen
. (1
917)
1917
S
hiz
uo
ka
(191
7)
Cau
se
Hak
od
ate
The
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
Off
19
18
Wru
p-t
o-o
ki
Gen
. W
eath
er S
tati
on
E
rab
uji
ma,
H
ok
kai
do
.
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
F.
Ohm
ori
The
S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
an
d a
rou
nd
O
hmac
hi:
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the O
hmac
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1918
O
hmac
hi
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
in a
nd
aro
un
d O
hmac
hi,
1919
O
hmac
hi
Sh
insh
u.
Gen
.
Gen
.
The
T
suna
mi
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n E
rab
uji
ma
on
Sep
t.
8,
19
18
. 19
19
Wru
p-t
o-o
ki
Tsu
. R
ep.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
in a
nd
aro
un
d O
hmac
hi,
1919
O
hmac
hi
Sh
insh
u
(Part
2).
G
en.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n
Era
bu
jim
a.
1919
W
rup
-to
-ok
i T
suna
mi
Ohm
achi
(1
714)
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
39
-41
F
. O
hmor
i V
ert
ical
Gro
und
Mov
emen
t R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
1
92
1
Ohm
achi
S
ub
. &
U
ph.
the O
hmac
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e in
19
18
.
39
-42
F
. O
hmor
i T
he S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Tok
yo o
n th
e N
igh
t 192
2 R
yu
hg
asak
i G
en.
of
Dec
. 8
, 1
92
1.
39
-43
H
ota
A
fters
ho
ck
of
the S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n t
he1
92
2
Ry
ug
asak
i A
fter
sho
ck
Nig
ht
of
Dec
. 8
, 1
92
1.
39
-44
F
. O
hmor
i R
eco
rd o
f th
e S
ever
e an~Strong E
art
h-
'192
2 T
okyo
E
xp.
Mea
s.
Ura
ga-k
ai
qu
ake
in T
okyo
by
a
Str
on
g S
eism
og
rap
h.
39
-45
F
. O
hmor
i O
n th
e S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n A
pr.
2
6,
19
22
.19
22
U
rag
a-k
ai
Gen
.
39
-46
D
amag
e d
ue
to t
he S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
19
22
Ura
ga-
kai
D
amag
e H
oh
jo,
Aw
a o
n A
pri
l 2
6,
19
22
. I I-'
39
-47
F
. O
hmor
i U
nze
n-d
ake
and
Sh
imab
ara-
mac
hi.
19
23
Sh
imab
ara
Vo
lcan
o
ID
I-' I
39
-48
F
. O
hmor
i V
olc
anic
Acti
vit
y o
f U
nze
n-d
ake,
19
23
Sh
imab
ara
Vo
lcan
o
Sh
imab
ara,
H
izen
.
39
-49
O
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n a
nd
19
23
Sh
imab
ara
Gen
. ar
ou
nd
Sh
imab
ara,
H
izen
.
39.-
50
F.
Ohm
ori
Hy
po
cen
ter
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
19
23
Sh
imab
ara
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Occ
urr
ed i
n S
him
abar
a P
en
insu
la,a
t 2
:00
A
.M.
on
Dec
. 8
, 1
92
2.
39
-51
F
. O
hmor
i T
he E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he S
him
abar
a P
en
insu
la 1
923
Sh
imab
ara
Gen
. H
izen
(P
art
1).
39-,
52
F.
Ohm
ori
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e S
him
abar
a P
enin
su1
a,1
92
3
Sh
imab
ara
Gen
. H
izen
(P
art
2
).
39 -
53
On
the S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e in
an
d a
rou
nd
19
23
Tan
egas
him
a G
en.
Tan
egas
him
a,
Kag
osh
ima-
ken
.
I .....
\.0
N I
No.
39
-54
39
-55
39
-56
39
-57
Au
tho
r
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
S.
Ku
nit
om
i
H.
Fu
jim
oto
K.
Wat
anab
e
Tit
le
Geo
log
ical
Str
uctu
res
of
Hon
shU
an
d t
he
Kit
a-T
ajim
a .E
arth
qu
ake.
Gen
eral
Stu
dy
on
th
e C
ause
of
the K
ita-
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake.
Geo
log
y o
f th
e Iz
u P
en
insu
la.
The
Iz
u E
arth
qu
ake:
F
acts
O
bse
rved
an
d
Imp
ort
ant
Pro
ble
ms.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
19
25
T
ajim
a G
eolo
gy
1927
T
ango
C
ause
1930
Iz
u
Geo
log
y
1930
Iz
u
Gen
.
40..
SE
A A
ND
SKY
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
40
-1
K.
Sud
a G
ener
al S
urv
ey o
f th
e S
him
abar
a 19
23
Sh
imab
ara
Geo
log
y
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
1).
40
-2
K.
Su
da
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the S
him
abar
a 19
23
Sh
imab
ara
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Cau
se
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
2).
40
-3
K.
Sud
a T
he S
agam
i-n
ada
(Kan
to)
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
23
Kan
to
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Cau
se,
Tsu
nam
i O
bse
rved
at
a S
ite F
ar
Fro
m t
he s
eis
mic
A
rea.
40
-4
K.
Su
da
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Sha
ken
by
19
23
Kan
to
Srv
y.
Rep
. th
e S
agam
i-n
ada
(Kan
to)
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
l).
I I-'
40
-5
K.
Su
da
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
th
e
1923
K
anto
S
rvy
. R
ep.
\0
w
Sag
ami-
nad
a (K
anto
) E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
2).
I
40
-6
K.
Su
da
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
th
e
1923
K
anto
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Sag
ami-
nad
a (K
anto
) E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
3).
40
-7
K.
Su
da
Sev
era
l S
eis
mo
log
ical
Pro
ble
ms
1924
K
anto
G
en.
Cau
se,
Crs
t.
Mvm
i o
n t
he S
agam
i {K
anto
} E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
l).
40
-8
K.
Sud
a S
ev
era
l S
eis
mo
log
ical
Pro
ble
ms
on th
e
1924
K
anto
G
en.
Grn
d.
Wtr
. S
agam
i (K
anto
) E
arth
qu
ake
(part
_2
).
40
-9
K.
Tag
uch
i T
he E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he
19
24
K
ii
Gen
. S
ou
th K
ii P
en
insu
la o
n A
ug.
13
, 1
92
4.
40
-10
K
. S
ud
a R
epo
rt o
n th
e K
ita-
Taj
ima
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1925
T
ajim
a G
en.
40
-11
K
. T
anab
ash
i O
n th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Mid
dle
Kii
P
en
insu
la 1
929
Nar
a-M
inam
i C
ause
E
xp.
Mea
s.
on
Ju
ly 4
,19
29
(P
art
1).
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
40
-12
K
. T
anab
ash
i O
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in M
idd
le K
ii
1930
N
ara-
Min
ami
Gen
. P
en
insu
la o
n J
uly
4,
1928
(P
art
2).
40
-13
K
. T
anab
ash
i T
he E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he L
ower
Reg
ion
of
1930
A
rita
gaw
a E
xp
. M
eas.
th
e A
rita
gaw
a R
iver
, W
akay
ama-
ken
on
N
ov.
20
, 1
92
9.
40
-14
H
. K
awas
aki
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
o
f th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
't
he 1
930
Izu
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Kit
a-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
40
-15
K
. T
anab
ash
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1931
Iz
u
Gen
. (f
rom
th
e B
ull
eti
n o
f th
e M
arin
e M
eteo
rolo
gic
al O
bse
rvat
ory
).
40
-16
Y
. M
atsu
dai
ra
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1933
N
ohbi
G
en.
40
-17
K
. T
anab
ash
i O
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed a
t 19
34
Kii
suid
o
Gen
.
• Y
ura
-mac
hi,
K
ii,
on
Ju
ly 2
9,
1933
• .... ~ ~
40
-18
K
. T
an
ata
shi
Rep
ort
on
th
e K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o E
arth
qu
ake.
19
36
Kaw
ach
i-G
en.
• Y
amat
o
40
-19
K
. T
anab
ash
i S
eism
ic I
nte
nsi
ty o
f th
e K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o 19
36
Kaw
ach
i-O
ther
s S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Est
imat
ed f
rom
th
e
Yam
ato
Ov
ertu
rnin
g o
f T
om
bst
on
es.
*4
0-2
0
H.
Wat
anab
e T
he
Pro
pag
atio
n a
nd
Co
nv
erg
ence
of
1961
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
the C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi
of
May
2
4,
19
60
.
No.
A
uth
or
41
-1
S.
Sak
ai
41
-2
T.
Mat
suh
ash
i
41
-3
A.
Sato
41
-4
S.
Yah
agi
41
-5
S.
Sak
ai
I I-'
\0
VI
41
-6
I T
. Ji
nb
o
No.
A
uth
or
*4
2-1
H
. K
ano
*4
2-2
A
. K
uts
uza
wa
41
. YA
MAG
ATA
AR
CH
ITEC
TS
NEW
S -
A S
PEC
IAL
E
DIT
ION
ON
TH
E D
ISA
STE
R
DUE
TO
THE
NII
GA
TA
EA
RTH
QU
AK
E
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Dam
age
in
Tsu
ruo
ka
Reg
ion
by
th
e N
iig
ata
19
64
Nii
gata
E
arth
qu
ake.
Imp
ress
ion
o
f th
e S
po
t O
bse
rvat
ion
of
the1
96
4
Nii
gata
D
isast
er-
Str
ick
en
Are
a b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake.
D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
h-
1964
N
iig
ata
q
uak
e:
Dam
age
in
Sak
ata
an
d Y
usa
Reg
ion
s.
Dam
age
in th
e Y
amag
ata
Reg
ion
by
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Co
mp
aris
ion
of
Dam
age
du
e to
th
e N
iig
ata
19
64
Nii
gata
E
arth
qu
ake
wit
h t
hat
du
e to
th
e
Ryo
-U
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dis
ast
er-
Str
ick
en
Are
a li
n
1964
N
iig
ata
S
ak
ata
-sh
i.
Dam
age
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Dam
age
Dam
age
42
. R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
RESE
ARC
H
INST
ITU
TE
O
F U
ND
ERG
ROU
ND
R
ESO
UR
CES
, M
ININ
G
CO
LLEG
E,
AK
ITA
U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
No
tes
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
ages
in
19
65
Nii
gata
D
amag
e A
kit
a-s
h±
du
e to
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
h-
qu
ake
wit
h s
ome
pre
lim
inary
Geo
log
ic
Rem
arks
.
No
tes
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
ages
in
19
65
Nii
gata
D
amag
e th
e Y
uri
C
oast
al
Reg
ion
in
Ak
ita-k
en
d
ue
to t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thu
qak
e w
ith
so
me
pre
lim
inary
Geo
log
ic
Rem
ark
s.
No
tes
No
tes
Geo
log
y
No.
A
uth
or
43
-1
A.
Gir
lan
da
No.
A
uth
or
*4
4-1
H
. Y
abe
I I-"
\0
*4
4-2
H
. Y
abe
iJ' I
No.
A
uth
or
*4
5-1
K
. S
ano
43
. A
NN
ALE
S D
E G
EOPH
YSI
QU
E
Tit
le
The
Ho
kk
aid
o E
arth
qu
ake
of
Mar
ch 4
, 1
95
2.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Gen
.
44
. A~
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E W
ORK
, SA
ITO
HO
-ON
K
AI
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-fi
cati
on
The
Gre
at
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
Sep
t.
1,
19
26
K
anto
G
eolo
gy
1
92
3,G
eo1
og
ica1
1y
Co
nsi
der
ed.
The
Gre
at
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.
1,
1927
K
anto
G
eolo
gy
1
92
3,
Geo
log
icall
y C
on
sid
ered
(T
he
Sec
on
d p
reli
min
ary
Rep
ort
).
45
. B
ULL
ETIN
O
F TH
E CE
NTR
AL
MET
EOR
OLO
GIC
AL
OBS
ERV
ATO
RY
OF
JAPA
N
'Tit
le
On
the W
ave
Pro
du
ced
by
th
e S
udde
n D
epre
ssio
n o
f a
Sm
all
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1916
S
an
rik
u
(189
6)
Tsu
nam
i
No
tes
No
tes
No
tes
I f-'
\0
-..J I
No.
*4
6-1
*4
6-2
*4
6-3
*4
6-4
*4
6-5
No.
*4
7-1
*4
7-2
Au
tho
r
K.
Mut
o
T.
Oku
da
E.
Ino
ue
T.
Oku
da
Geo
gra
ph
ical
S
urv
ey I
nst.
Au
tho
r
E.
Hod
gson
E.
Hod
gson
46
. B
ULL
ETIN
OF
THE
GEO
GR
APH
ICA
L SU
RVEY
IN
STIT
UT
E
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
The
L
and
def
orm
atio
n A
ccom
pany
ing
the
1950
F
uk
ui
Fu
ku
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
Jun
e 2
8,
19
48
.
On
the M
odel
o
f th
e V
ert
ical
Lan
d 1
95
0
Nan
kai
D
efo
rmat
ion
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e G
reat
Nan
kai
do
Ear
thq
uak
e,
19
46
.
The
Ho
rizo
nta
l D
isp
lace
men
ts A
ccom
pany
ing
19
50
K
anto
th
e G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake,
1
92
3.
On
the C
hang
e o
f L
oca
l G
eoid
in
th
e
So
uth
wes
tern
Part
of
Jap
an.
19
51
N
ank
ai
Re-
surv
ey o
f th
e S
ou
thw
este
rn P
art
19
52
Nan
kai
o
f Ja
pan
aft
er
the G
reat
Nan
kai
do
E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
46
. R
epo
rt N
o.1
: R
esu
lts
of
the F
irst
-Ord
er
Tri
an
gu
lati
on
.
47
. B
ULL
ETIN
OF
THE
SEIS
MIC
SO
CIE
TY
OF
AM
ERIC
A
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
The
P-c
urv
e an
d t
he S
-cu
rve
Resu
ltin
g
1932
T
ango
fr
om
a
Stu
dy
of
the T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Jap
an,
Mar
ch
7,
19
27
.
Ep
icen
tral
Tim
e an
d S
urf
ace S
tru
ctu
re
1932
T
ango
D
eter
min
ed f
or
the T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Jap
an,
Mar
ch 7
, 1
92
7.
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Su
b.
& U
ph.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Gra
vit
y
Lev
. &
Tri
.
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Exp
. M
eas.
No.
A
uth
or
*4
8-1
R
. Ik
egam
i
I N
o.
Au
tho
r I-
' '" 00
I
*4
9-1
S
. O
rnot
e
48
. B
ULL
ETIN
O
F TO
KYO
GA
KU
GEI
U
NIV
ERSI
TY
Tit
le
On
the A
fter
sho
cks
of
the
Imai
chi
Ear
thq
uak
e O
bse
rved
at
Kan
uma
Sta
tio
n.
49
. G
EOPH
YSI
CA
L EX
PLO
RA
TIO
N
Tit
le
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Ear
thq
uak
e Dam~
ages
an
d t
he S
tru
ctu
res
of
the E
art
h-
gro
un
d,
wh
ich
wer
e K
now
n b
y S
eism
ic
Pro
specti
ng
at
Nag
oya.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
1953
Im
aic
hi
Aft
ersh
ock
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
1949
T
on a
nk
a i
Gro
und
Dam
age
I f-'
\.0
\.0
I
No.
50
-1
No.
*5
1-1
No.
52
-1
Au
tho
r
K.
Yod
a
Au
tho
r
Y.
Tak
ah
isa
Au
tho
r
Y.
Og
asaw
ara
50
. EA
RTH
PH
YSI
CS
Tit
le
Mag
net
ic A
nom
aly
aro
un
d B
izan
in
th
e
Sh
imab
ara
Pen
insu
la.
51
. E
AR
TH
SC
IEN
CE
Tit
le
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(at
13
:02
, Ju
ne
16
, 1
96
4.)
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
19
39
S
him
abar
a C
Ur.
& M
ag.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1964
N
iig
ata
O
thers
No
tes
52
. TH
E G
EOG
RPA
HY
(O
HTS
UK
A
GEO
GR
APH
ICA
L SO
CIE
TY
)
Tit
le
Gro
und
Def
orm
atio
n d
ue
to th
e O
ga
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
40
O
ga
Grn
d.
Def.
No
tes
I ~
o I
No.
53
-1
53
-2
No.
54
-1
No.
*5
5-1
*5
5-2
Au
tho
r
K.
Wat
anab
e
K.
Wat
anab
e
Au
tho
r
M.
Hir
ai
Au
tho
r
K.
Iid
a
M.
Hay
akaw
a
53
. TH
E G
EOG
RAPH
Y
(KO
KIN
SH
OIN
PR
ESS
)
Tit
le
The
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d i
ts D
amag
e.
Su
pp
lem
ent
to
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake.
54
. TH
E G
EOG
RPA
HIC
AL
EDU
CA
TIO
N
Tit
le
New
D
ata
on
th
e A
nse
i E
arth
qu
ake
and
a
New
Hy
po
cen
ter
Est
imate
d f
rom
it.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1939
A
nse
i G
en.
55
. B
ULL
ETIN
OF
THE
GEO
LOG
ICA
L SU
RVEY
O
F JA
PAN
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-fi
cati
on
Cha
nges
of
Gra
vit
y D
iffe
ren
ce b
etw
een
19
50
Imai
chi
Gra
vit
y
Imai
chi
and
Nik
ko o
win
g t
o th
e
lmaic
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
the T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
ar.
4,
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Gen
. 1
95
2.
No
tes
No
tes
No
tes
I N o I-" I
No.
56
-1
*5
6-2
*5
6-3
*5
6-4
No.
'57
-1
Au
tho
r
S.
Nak
amur
a
T.
Og
ura
K.
Wat
anab
e
K.
Ihara
Au
tho
r
56
. R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
IMPE
RIA
L
GEO
LOG
ICA
L SU
RVEY
O
F JA
PAN
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n th
e K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake.
19
09
Ko-
No
Gen
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic R
egio
ns
of
Ky
oto
-fu
19
25
Taj
ima
Srv
y.
Rep
. an
d H
yo
go
-ken
.
The
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
27
.
The
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f N
ort
her
n I
zu
.
57
. G
EOTE
CH
NIC
S
Tit
le
Pers
on
al
Ex
per
ien
ces
of
the C
hil
ean
E
arth
qu
ake
Tsu
nam
i o
n M
ay
23
, 1
96
0.
1928
T
ango
G
en.
1932
Iz
u
Gen
.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1962
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
No
tes
No
tes
58
. TH
E G
EOLO
GIC
AL
NEW
S
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
58
-1
K.
Su
gai
C
on
jectu
re o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
58
-2
M.
Hay
akaw
a S
on
ic P
rosp
ecti
ng
near
the E
pic
en
ter
1965
N
iig
ata
G
eolo
gy
C
rst.
M
vmt.
of
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
58
-3
K.
Saw
amur
a S
tud
y o
n t
he
Are
as
Sh
aken
by
th
e
19
67
M
atsu
shir
o
Gen
. M
atsu
shir
o E
arth
qu
ake
Sw
arm
.
58
-4
K.
Aih
ara
S
tud
y o
n t
he
Are
as S
hak
en b
y t
he
1967
M
atsu
shir
o
Gen
. M
atsu
shir
o E
arth
qu
ake
Sw
arm
: B
ehav
ior
of
Ear
thq
uak
e.
58
-5
K.
Sey
a S
tud
y o
n t
he
Are
as
Sha
ken
by
th
e
1967
M
atsu
shir
o
Geo
log
y
Gra
vit
y
I M
atsu
shir
o E
arth
qu
ake
Sw
arm
: tv
G
eop
hy
sica
l P
rosp
ecti
ng
. 0 tv
I
58
-6
H.
Nak
amur
a S
tud
y o
n t
he
Are
as
Sh
aken
by
the
1967
M
atsu
shir
o
Grn
d.
Wtr
. L
an
dsl
ide
Mat
sush
iro
Ear
thq
uak
e S
war
m:
Ho
t S
pri
ng
s an
d L
an
dsl
ide.
58
-7
S.
Ito
S
tud
y o
n t
he
Are
as
Sh
aken
by
the
1967
M
atsu
shir
o
Geo
log
y
Mat
sush
iro
Ear
thq
uak
e S
war
m:
Geo
-ch
emic
al P
rosp
ecti
ng
.
58
-8
H.
Tak
ahas
hi
Stu
dy
on
th
e
Are
as
Sh
aken
by
th
e
1967
M
atsu
shir
o
Mat
sush
iro
Ear
thq
uak
e S
war
m:
Pro
specti
ng
by
Dri
llin
g a
nd
Su
rvey
ing
.
I I\.)
o W I
No.
59
-1
59
-2
No.
*6
0-1
No.
*6
1-1
*6
1-2
Au
tho
r
Au
tho
r
H.
Wat
anab
e
Au
tho
r
T.
Iwas
aki
K.
Ho
rik
awa
59
. M
ONTH
LY
SURV
EY
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E N
IIG
AT
A
CIT
Y
CO
UN
CIL
Ti,
tle
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
a o
n
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1964
N
iig
ata
O
thers
1964
N
iig
ata
O
thers
60
. JO
UR
NA
L O
F C
ENTR
AL
MET
EOR
OLO
GIC
AL
SOC
IETY
Tit
le
A S
tud
y o
f T
suna
mi
in t
he S
an
rik
u C
oas
t (1
st R
epo
rt).
On
the T
sun
ami
Cau
sed
by
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
61
. CO
AST
AL
ENG
INEE
RIN
G
IN J
APA
N
Tit
le
Tsu
nam
i C
ause
d b
y t
he C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e in
May
, 19
60
and
...
?
Som
e A
dd
itio
nal
Rem
arks
o
n t
he C
hil
ean
E
arth
qu
ake.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1953
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
1960
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
No
tes
No
tes
No
tes
NO
. A
uth
or
*6
2-1
T
. W
atan
abe
No.
A
uth
or
, r-..l
0 ~
63
-1
M.
Su
giy
ama
I
No.
A
uth
or
64
-1
M.
Sh
ibu
saw
a
62
. C
OLL
ECTE
D
PAPE
RS,
D
EPA
RTM
ENT
OF
CIV
IL E
NG
INE
ER
ING
, FA
CU
LTY
O
F E
NG
INE
ER
ING
, U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
OF
TOK
YO
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e -
Featu
re o
f th
e
Dam
age
and
Rela
ted
Pro
ble
ms.
, ,
19
65
N
iig
ata
63
. C
.R. SEANC~§
CO
NFE
REN
CE
GEN
. A
SS
. G
EOD
. IN
T.
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
No
tes
No
tes
Su
bsi
den
ce a
nd
Up
hea
val
of
the
Gro
und
19
04
N
oh
bi
Su
b.
& U
ph.
Due
to
th
e G
reat
No
hb
i E
art
hq
uak
e.
(189
1)
64
. JO
UR
NA
L O
F TH
E IN
STIT
UT
E
OF
ELEC
TRIC
AL
ENG
INEE
RS
OF
JAPA
N
Tit
le
A B
rief
Desc
rip
tio
n o
f th
e
Dam
age
to
Ele
ctr
ical
Insta
llati
on
s b
y t
he
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he E
mer
gen
cy M
easu
res
Tak
en.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1923
K
anto
D
amag
e
No
tes
No
. A
uth
or
65
-1
T.
Uch
iyam
a
No
. A
uth
or
66
-1
Sh
in-e
tsu
R
eg
ion
al
Rad
io
I R
eg
ula
tory
tv
0
Bu
reau
s (J
1
I
66
-2
H.
Tan
ike
No
. A
uth
or
67
-1
S.
Tsu
tsu
mi
65
. C
IRC
UL
AR
S O
F TH
E E
LE
CT
RO
TE
CH
NIC
AL
LA
BO
RA
TOR
Y
Tit
le
Rep
ort
o
n t
he
Dam
age
to th
e E
lectr
ical
Insta
llati
on
s b
y th
e
Kit
a-T
an
go
E
art
hq
uak
e.
66
. TH
E R
AD
IO
WA
VE
JOU
RN
AL
Tit
le
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Dis
aste
r an
d
Rad
io
Wav
e w
ith
a
Sp
ecia
l E
mp
hasi
s o
n th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
67
. T
HE
E
LE
CT
RIC
PO
WER
Tit
le
Accid
en
ts o
f th
e P
ow
er
Cab
les
Cau
sed
b
y th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e,
an
d th
eir
In
str
ucti
on
s.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
27
T
ang
o
Dam
age
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
G
en.
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
65
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
No
tes
No
tes
Oth
ers
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
68
-1
M.
Tak
ada
No.
A
uth
or
I N
0 6
9-1
0'1
I
69
-2
T.
Ohk
ubo
68
. D
ISA
STE
R P
REV
ENTI
ON
RE
SEA
RCH
IN
STIT
UT
E
BU
LLET
IN
Tit
le
On
the C
rust
al
Str
ain
wh
ich
Acc
ompa
nied
a
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
e.
69
. C
IVIL
EN
GIN
EER
ING
Tit
le
The
D.i:
..sas
teE
S
ites
·of
the
Reg
ion
wh
ich
w
as
Dam
aged
by th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
aak
e (p
ho
tog
rap
h)
•
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
isast
er
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
59
Y
osh
ino
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
No
tes
No
tes
I IV
o ~
I
No.
70
-1
70
-2
No.
71
-1
71
-2
70
. TE
CH
NIC
AL
NO
TES
OF
THE
PUB
LIC
W
ORKS
R
ESEA
RC
H
INST
ITU
TE
Au
tho
r
Pu
bli
c W
orks
R
esea
rch
In
st.
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ructi
on
Pu
bli
c W
orks
R
esea
rch
In
st.
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ructi
on
Au
tho
r
H.
Mat
suo
H.
Mat
suo
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Rec
ord
of
Str
on
g M
oti
on
of
the M
ats
ush
iro
1
96
6
Mats
ush
iro
E
xp
. M
eas.
E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
1).
Rec
ord
of
the S
tro
ng
Mo
tio
n o
f th
e
Mats
ush
iro
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
2
).
19
66
M
ats
ush
iro
E
xp
. M
eas.
71
. R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
IMPE
RIA
L
CIV
IL E
NG
INEE
RIN
G
TE
STIN
G
INST
ITU
TE
O
F JA
PA
N
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
19
33
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i (1
933)
R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
an
rik
u T
sunm
ai
(Part
2
).
19
34
S
an
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i (1
933)
No
tes
No
tes
No.
72
-1
No.
I N
0 00
73
-1
I
No.
74
-1
74
-2
Au
tho
r
Ho
kk
aid
o D
eve
lop
men
t B
ure
au
Au
tho
r
H.
Wat
anab
e
Au
tho
r
H.
Nag
aoka
B.
Kot
o
72
. B
ULL
ETIN
OF
THE
IMPE
RIA
L
CIV
IL E
NG
INEE
RIN
G
TE
STIN
G
INST
ITU
TE
O
F TH
E H
OK
KA
IDO
D
EVEL
OPM
ENT
BURE
AU
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
73
. RE
SEA
RCH
N
OTE
S ON
CO
AST
AL
OCE
AN
TE
CHN
OLO
GY
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
The
Gen
erat
ion
Mec
hani
sm o
f th
e T
suna
mi
1964
N
iig
ata
T
suna
mi
Fo
llw
oin
g t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
So
urc
e o
f th
e T
sun
ami.
74
. JO
UR
NA
L O
F TH
E U
NIV
ERSI
TY
ALU
MN
I A
SSO
CIA
TIO
N
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
The
E
arth
qu
ake
in K
umam
oto.
18
89
Kum
amot
o G
en.
The
C
ause
of
the G
reat
Noh
bi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1893
N
oh
bi
Cau
se
(189
1)
No
tes
No
tes
No
tes
Fau
lt
No.
A
uth
or
*7
5-1
B
. K
oto
*7
5-2
B
. K
oto
No.
A
uth
or
I I\J
0 ~
76
-1
I.
Mur
amat
u I
~
*7
6-2
I.
M
uram
atu
*7
6-3
I.
M
uram
atu
75
. G
ERLA
ND
S B
EITR
AG
E ZU
R G
EOPH
YSI
K
Tit
le
The
T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
25
.
The
Tw
in E
arth
qu
ake
of
Tan
go in
19
27
.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1927
T
ajim
a G
en.
1928
T
ango
G
en.
76
. SC
IEN
CE
R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
FACU
LTY
O
F LI
BER
AL
AR
TS
AND
EDU
CA
TIO
N,
GIF
U
UN
IVER
SITY
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-fi
cati
on
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
19
61
N
oh
bi
Gro
und
Dam
ages
an
d t
he Q
uali
ty o
f th
e G
rou
nd
s,
(189
1)
Part
icu
larl
y i
n M
ino-
OW
ari
Dis
tric
t.
No
tes
No
tes
Dam
age
Ko-
No
To
hn
ank
ai
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
the S
eism
ic I
nte
nsi
ty
1963
N
oh
bi
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. O
thers
an
d C
rust
al
Def
orm
atio
n i
n t
he
Reg
ion
(1
891)
D
estr
oy
ed b
y t
he G
reat
No
hb
i E
arth
qu
ake
of
Oct
. 2
8,
l89
l.
Str
uctu
re o
f th
e M
ido
ri F
au
lt,
a P
art
of
1964
N
ohbi
F
au
lt
the N
eo
Vall
ey
Fau
lt i
n C
en
tral
Jap
an.
(189
1)
I tv
I-'
o I
No.
*7
7-1
*7
7-2
*7
7-3
No.
78
-1
78
-2
Au
tho
r
T.
Fu
ku
tom
i
M.
Sein
o
Ho
kk
aid
o
Un
iv.
Gro
up
o
f A
fters
ho
ck
O
bse
rvati
on
Au
tho
r
H.
Sait
o
T.
Tak
ano
bu
77
. G
EO
PHY
SIC
AL
B
UL
LE
TIN
O
F TH
E H
OK
KA
IDO
U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
On
the
Max
imum
Accele
rati
on
s o
f th
e:
19
53
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Oth
ers
G
rnd
. D
ef.
D
isast
rou
s O
ff-T
ok
ach
i E
art
hq
uak
e
(Mar
. 4
, 1
95
2)
as
Est
imate
d
fro
m th
e
Ov
ert
urn
ing
of
To
mb
sto
nes,
an
d
pn
R
emar
kab
le
Cra
ck
s in
th
e S
tro
ng
ly
Sh
aken
Are
a.
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s w
hic
h
Acc
om
apan
ied
th
e T
esh
ikag
a E
art
hq
uak
e
by
Mea
ns
of
a S
eis
mo
gra
ph
of
the
Ish
imo
to ty
pe.
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
the A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne 1
6,
19
64
.
19
60
T
esh
ikag
a
19
66
N
iig
ata
78
. M
EMO
IRS
OF
THE
SAPP
OR
O
MET
EOR
OLO
GIC
AL
OB
SER
VA
TOR
Y
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Rep
ort
o
n t
he
Tsu
nam
i W
aves
th
at
19
41
S
hak
ota
n
Tsu
nam
i S
tru
ck
o
n th
e W
est
Co
ast
of
Ho
kk
aid
o.
Rep
ort
o
n t
he
Tsu
nam
i W
aves
th
at
19
41
S
hak
ota
n
Tsu
nam
i S
tru
ck
on
th
e
Co
ast
o
f T
esi
o,
Ho
kk
aid
o,
on
Au
gu
st
2,
19
40
.
No
tes
79
. SU
RV
EY
RE
POR
T
OF
TH
E
HO
KU
RIK
U
ME
TE
OR
OL
OG
ICA
L
OB
SER
VA
TOR
Y
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C1
assi-
No
tes
ficati
on
79
-1
Nii
gata
D
ist.
R
ep
ort
o
n th
e E
art
hq
uak
e at
the F
oo
t 1
94
7
Nii
gata
-G
en.
Met.
O
bse
r.
of
Aw
ad
ate
-yam
a,
Nak
ak
ub
iki-
gu
n,
Nis
hi
Nii
gata
-ken
.
80
. JA
PA
NE
SE
JO
UR
NA
L
OF
GEO
LOG
Y
AN
D
GEO
GR
APH
Y
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C1
assi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*8
0-1
T
. O
gaw
a O
n th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f K
an
to in
1
92
4
Kan
to
Gen
.
Cen
tral
Jap
an
, 1
92
3.
I tv
i-'
*8
0-2
I.
Ko
mad
a G
eo
log
ical
Co
nsid
era
tio
ns o
f th
e
19
24
S
him
ab
ara
G
eo
log
y
i-' I
Sh
imab
ara
Eart
hq
uak
es
of
Dec
. 8
, 1
92
2.
81
. JO
UR
NA
L
OF
TH
E
FAC
UL
TY
O
F S
CIE
NC
E,
IMP
ER
IAL
U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
OF
TOK
YO
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C1
assi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*8
1-1
H
. N
ago
aka
Th
e D
istu
rban
ce o
f Is
om
ag
neti
cs
18
92
N
oh
bi
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Att
en
din
g th
e
Min
o-O
War
i (N
oh
bi)
(1
89
1)
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f 1
89
1.
*8
1-2
B
. K
oto
O
n th
e
Cau
se o
f th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e in
1
89
3
No
hb
i cau
se
Cen
tral
Jap
an
, 1
89
1.
(18
91
)
*8
1-3
S
. S
ek
iya
Th
e D
iag
ram
of
the S
em
i-d
estr
ucti
ve
18
95
T
ok
yo
E
xp
. M
eas.
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
20
, 1
89
4
(To
ky
o)
.
No.
A
uth
or
*8
2-1
N
. Y
amas
aki
*8
2-2
B
. K
oto
*8
2-3
N
. Y
amas
aki
*8
2-4
B
. K
oto
*8
2-5
B
. K
oto
*8
2-6
N
. N
asu
I N
f-J
N I
No.
A
uth
or
83
-1
F.
Sh
epar
d
82
. JO
UR
NA
L O
F TH
E FA
CULT
Y
OF
SCIE
NC
E.
IMPE
RIA
L
UN
IVER
SITY
O
F T~SRCTIDN II
Tit
le
Ph
ysi
og
rap
hic
al
Stu
die
s o
f th
e
So
uth
east
ern
Part
of
Boh
so P
en
insu
la.
The
T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
25
.
Ph
ysi
og
rap
hic
al
Stu
die
s o
f th
e
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f th
e K
anto
Dis
tric
t,
19
23
.
The
In
ters
ecti
ng
Tw
in E
arth
qu
ake
of
the T
ango
H
inte
rlan
d i
n 1
92
7.
The
Iw
ats
uk
i S
eism
ic Z
one
as
a F
acto
r o
f th
e H
ab
itu
al
Tok
yo
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
25
K
anto
G
eolo
gy
19
26
T
ajim
a G
en.
19
26
K
anto
G
en.
19
26
T
ango
G
en.
19
29
K
anto
G
eolo
gy
A S
tere
om
etr
ical
Stu
dy
of
the A
fters
ho
ck
s 1
92
9
Tan
go
of
the G
reat
Tan
go
Ear
thq
uak
e w
ith
A
fters
ho
ck
Sp
ecia
l R
efer
ence
to
th
e M
echa
nism
of
their
Occ
urr
ence
.
83
. JO
URN
AL
OF
GEO
LOG
Y
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
No
tes
Geo
log
y
Tok
yo
No
tes
Dep
th C
hang
es in
Sag
ami
Bay
du
rin
g
the G
reat
Jap
anes
e E
arth
qu
ake.
1
93
3
Kan
to
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Grn
d.
Def
.
84
. JO
UR
NA
L
OF
PH
YS
ICS
O
F TH
E EA
RTH
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*8
4-1
K
. H
oso
yam
a C
hara
cte
risti
c T
ilt
of
the
Gro
un
d th
at
19
52
D
ais
ho
hji
E
qk
e.
Sg
ns.
T
ilt
Pre
ced
ed
th
e O
ccu
rren
ce o
f th
e S
tro
ng
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f M
arch
7
, 1
95
2.
*8
4-2
S
. M
iyam
ura
G
eo
gra
ph
ical
Dis
trib
uti
on
o
f E
art
hq
uak
e
19
52
N
an
kai
Gro
un
d
Dam
ages
w
ith
S
pecia
l R
efe
ren
ce to
th
e
Eff
ects
o
f N
an
kaid
o E
art
hq
uak
e,
Dec.
21
, 1
96
4,
in K
oh
ch
i-k
en
S
hik
ok
u,
Jap
an
.
*8
4-3
K
. K
asa
hara
F
au
lt O
rig
in
Mo
del
o
f E
art
hq
uak
es,
w
ith
1
95
8
Tan
go
C
au
se
Sp
ecia
l R
efe
ren
ce to
th
e
Tan
go
E
art
hq
uak
e,
19
27
.
*8
4-4
I.
Mu
ram
atsu
O
bse
rvati
on
o
f M
icro
eart
hq
uak
es
in th
e
19
64
K
ita-M
ino
S
ml.
E
qk
e.
Min
o D
istr
ict
in Gifu~ken,
I C
en
tral
Jap
an
. tv
I-
' tA
l I
85
. S
CIE
NT
IFIC
ASA
HI
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*8
5-1
K
. N
akag
awa
Qu
ick
san
d b
rou
gh
t M
ajo
r D
isaste
r fo
r 1
96
4
Nii
gata
O
thers
G
rou
nd
N
iig
ata
.
85
-2
T.
Rik
itak
e
Th
e M
ats
ush
iro
E
art
hq
uak
e
Sw
arm
. 1
96
6
Mats
ush
iro
G
en.
I IV
I-' "" I
No.
*8
6-1
No.
*8
7-1
*8
7-2
No.
88
-1
88
-2
Au
tho
r
K.
Ozak
i
Au
tho
r
T.
Yo
shim
atu
K.
Yan
ag
ihara
Au
tho
r
T.
Ko
ga
S.
Sh
imo
da
86
. O
CEA
NO
GR
APH
Y
AN
D
MET
EOR
OLO
GY
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
ass
i-fi
cati
on
Th
e U
nzen
-dak
e E
art
hq
uak
e o
f F
eb
. 1
5,
19
51
S
him
ab
ara
G
en.
19
51
(1
st
Rep
ort
).
87
. MEMO~Rs
OF
THE
KA
KIO
KA
EA
RTH
M
AG
NET
ISM
O
BSE
RV
ATO
RY
Tit
le
Vari
ati
on
s o
f E
art
h-C
urr
en
t P
ote
nti
als
R
ela
ted
to
th
e
Co
nsp
icu
ou
s T
ott
ori
E
art
hq
uak
e,
Sep
t.
10
, 2
60
3
(19
43
).
Ab
no
rmal
V
ari
ati
on
s.o
f th
e E
art
h's
C
urr
en
t A
cco
mp
any
ing
th
e
Bo
hso
-ok
i E
art
hq
uak
e,
No
v.
25
, 1
95
3.
88
. ST
EAM
PO
WER
GENERl:\~!9N
Tit
le
Dam
ages
to
S
team
P
ow
er P
lan
ts
Resu
ltin
g
fro
m th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e,
an
d th
eir
C
ou
nte
rmeasu
res.
Dam
ages
to
th
e
Ste
am
P
ow
er P
lan
t o
f H
ok
uets
u S
eis
hi,
L
td.
, R
esu
ltin
g
fro
m
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
ass
ifi
cati
on
19
43
T
ott
ori
C
ur.
&
M
ag.
19
56
B
oh
so-o
ki
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
ass
i-fi
cati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
No
tes
No
tes
No
tes
I N
I-'
U1 I
No.
89
-1
No.
90
-1
89
. A
RC
HIT
EC
TU
RE
(A
M
ON
THLY
JO
UR
NA
L FO
R A
RC
HIT
EC
TS
AN
D
DE
SIG
NE
RS)
Au
tho
r T
itle
Eart
hq
uak
e
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
age
in
Nii
gata
-sh
i D
isaste
r In
ves.
w
hic
h is
b
uil
t o
n
San
dy
Gro
un
d.
Com
. o
f S
tud
en
ts
at
Was
eda
Un
iv.
90
. A
RC
HIT
EC
TU
RA
L
TEC
HN
OLO
GY
N
EWS
Au
tho
r T
itle
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
ass
ifi
cati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
ass
ifi
cati
on
Dep
t.
of
Rep
ort
o
n
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e D
isast
er.
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
Sta
nd
ard
ized
D
esi
gn
, C
on
str.
B
ure
au
,
Nip
po
n
Tele
gra
ph
an
d
Tele
ph
on
e P
ub
lic
Co
rpo
rati
on
No
tes
No
tes
No.
91
-1
91
-2
91
-3
91
-4
I N
t-'
91
-5
C'I I
Xo.
~:-l
9l.
A
RC
HIT
ECTU
RA
L W
ORL
D
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Eart
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
J.
Sak
ura
i R
ep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
ages
in
N
iig
ata
-sh
i 1
96
4
Nii
gata
D
amag
e b
y th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Nih
on
Keiz
ai
Nii
gata
has
No
Idea o
f H
ow
to
Dea
l 1
96
4
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Sh
imb
un
w
ith
S
ub
sid
ed
Bu
ild
ing
s.
T.
Sak
ai
The
F
orm
er R
iver
Reg
ion
in
Nii
gata
-sh
i an
d1
96
4
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Gro
un
d
the
Seis
mic
D
amag
e to
th
e R
igid
Med
iUm
H
igh
Bu
ild
ing
s.
T.
Sak
ai
The
F
orm
er R
iver
Reg
ion
in
Nii
gata
-sh
i 1
96
4
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
and
th
e S
eis
mic
Dam
age
to th
e
Rig
id
Med
ium
Hig
h B
uil
din
gs
(Part
2
).
K.
Uen
o T
he
Ab
no
rmal
Eart
hq
uak
e in
Nii
gata
. 1
96
5
Nii
gata
G
en.
(Part
2
).
92
. M
EMO
IRS
OF
THE
'FIR
ST
TEC
HN
ICA
L R
ESEA
RC
H
INS
TIT
UT
E,
BU
REA
U O
F C
ON
STR
UC
TIO
N,
HOM
E O
FFIC
E
Au
tho
r
Th
e F
irst
'Dec
h.
Res
. In
st .
• D
ept.
o
f C
on
st.
Tit
le
Rep
ort
o
n th
e N
ank
ai
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f D
ecem
ebr
21
, 1
94
6.
Dat
e E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
48
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ank
ai
Gen
.
Gro
un
d
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tes
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.
93
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-2
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-5
94
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tho
r
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ito
rial
Bo
ard
of
San
kaid
o
93
. C
ON
STR
UC
TIO
N
EN
GIN
EE
RS
Tit
le
Th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e th
at
Has
S
hak
en
Ja
pan
.
Wh
at d
id th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e
Teach
U
s?
(A
Ro
un
d-T
ab
le
Dis
cu
ssio
n).
94
. T
HE
M
ETEO
RO
LOG
Y
Au
tho
r T
i tIe
T.
Miu
ra
H.
Nak
ah
ara
M.
Mis
ak
i
Th
e O
ff-S
an
rik
u E
art
hq
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f M
ar.
21
, 1
96
0.
Th
e T
sun
ami
du
e to
th
e C
hil
ean
E
art
h
qu
ak
e
wh
ich
S
tru
ck
Jap
an
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Tsu
nam
i D
isaste
r d
ue
to
the C
hil
ean
E
art
hq
uak
e.
My
Imp
ress
ion
o
n th
e C
hale
an
Eart
hq
uak
e
Tsu
nam
i.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
N
ort
h M
iyag
i-k
en
o
n A
pri
l 3
0,
19
62
.
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
wh
ich
Str
uck
Nii
gata
.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
ass
ifi
cati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
O
thers
19
64
N
iig
ata
O
thers
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.1
ass
i-fi
cati
on
19
60
S
an
rik
u
Gen
.
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
19
60
C
hil
e
Tsu
. D
am
•
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
19
62
M
iyag
i-K
lta G
en.
19
64
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iig
ata
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en.
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tes
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oto
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96
-1
No.
97
-1
97
-2
Au
tho
r
Jap
an M
et.
Age
ncy
Jap
an M
et.
Age
ncy
Jap
an M
et.
Age
ncy
Au
tho
r
S.
Nak
amur
a
Au
tho
r
K.
Tan
abas
hi
J.
Su
giu
ra
95
. TE
CH
NIC
AL
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E JA
PAN
M
ETEO
RO
LOG
ICA
L A
GEN
CY
Tit
le
The
R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
sun
ami
of
the C
hil
ean
E
arth
qu
ake,
1
96
0.
The
R
epo
rt o
n th
e T
sun
ami
of
the C
hil
ean
E
art
hq
uak
e,
19
60
.
The
R
epo
rt o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e,
19
64
. 96
. M
ETEO
RO
LOG
ICA
L R
EVIE
W
Tit
le
On
the
Sei
smic
Tsu
nam
i in
Era
bu
jim
a.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
19
63
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
en.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
18
W
rup
-to
-ok
i T
sun
ami
97
. B
UL
LE
TIN
O
F TH
E K
OBE
M
AR
INE
OBS
ERV
ATO
RY
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e K
ita-I
zu
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
31
Iz
u
Gen
.
A S
up
ple
men
t to
th
e R
epo
rt o
n th
e
19
65
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
Tsu
nam
i o
f th
e C
hil
ean
Eart
hq
uak
e,1
96
0.
No
tes
No
tes
No
tes
98
. M
INE
RA
LO
GY
A
ND
G
EOLO
GY
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
assi-
No
tes
ficati
on
98
-1
Z.
Yo
shiz
aw
a
Gen
era
l R
ep
ort
o
n th
e
Nan
kaid
o E
art
h-
19
47
N
an
kai
Gen
.
qu
ak
e.
98
-2
T.
Saw
amu
ra
Imp
ress
ion
s o
f th
e
Nan
kai
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
47
N
an
kai
Gen
.
99
. R
ESE
AR
CH
R
EPO
RT
S O
F K
OC
HI
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
, N
ATU
RA
L S
CIE
NC
E
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
assi-
No
tes
ficati
on
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9-1
T
. S
awam
ura
C
rusta
l M
ov
emen
ts
by
th
e
Nan
kai
19
51
N
an
kai
Crs
t.
Mv
mt.
I
Eart
hq
uak
e in
1
94
6.
N
I-'
\.0 I
10
0.
RE
SEA
RC
H
RE
POR
TS
OF
KO
CH
I U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
assi-
No
tes
ficati
on
*1
00
-1
T.
Saw
amu
ra
Th
e R
ela
tio
nsh
ip
betw
een
th
e A
cti
vit
ies
19
53
N
an
kai
Eq
ke.
Act.
G
eo
log
y
of
the O
ute
r E
art
hq
uak
e
Zo
ne
in S
ou
th-
Crs
t.
Mv
mt.
w
este
rn Ja
pan
an
d th
e G
eo
log
ical
Str
uc-
ture
an
d C
rusta
l M
ov
emen
ts o
f S
hik
ok
u
an
d it
s V
icin
ity
.
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00
-2
T.
Saw
amu
ra
On
the
Nan
kai
Th
rust
an
d th
e D
istr
ibu
-1
95
4
Nan
kai
Eq
ke.
Act.
G
eo
log
y
tio
n o
f In
itia
l M
oti
on
s o
f S
eis
mic
Wav
es
erst.
M
vm
t.
by
th
e
Nan
kai
Eart
hq
uak
e in
1
94
6.
No
. A
uth
or
10
1-1
H
. N
akam
ach
i
No
. A
uth
or
10
2-1
M
. O
hy
a
10
2-2
M
. O
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a I £\..)
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02
-3
M.
Ko
bay
ash
i
No
. A
uth
or
10
3-1
S
. H
aru
ta
10
1.
IND
US
TR
IAL
W
ATE
R
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e
an
d th
e In
du
str
ial
19
64
N
iig
ata
W
ate
r S
up
ply
S
yst
em
. P
ub
!.
Dam
.
10
2.
JOU
RN
AL
O
F TH
E G
EO
LO
GIC
AL
SU
RV
EY
INS
TIT
UT
E
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
Th
e C
hil
ean
E
art
hq
uak
e
Tsu
nam
i an
d th
e
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
Co
asta
l T
op
og
rap
hy
(P
art
1
).
Th
e C
hil
ean
E
art
hq
uak
e
Tsu
nam
i an
d th
e
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
Co
asta
l T
op
og
rap
hy
(P
art
2
).
Rep
ort
o
n th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e:
Seis
mic
1
96
5
Nii
gata
G
rou
nd
D
amag
es
an
d
Gro
un
d C
on
dit
ion
s.
10
3.
POR
TS
AN
D
HA
RB
OR
S
Tit
le
Dam
age
to N
iig
ata
P
ort
by
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
.
No
tes
No
tes
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Dam
age
No
tes
I IV
IV
I-' I
No
.
10
4-1
No
.
*1
05
-1
No
.
10
6-1
10
6-2
Au
tho
r
T.
Iked
a
10
4.
TE
HC
NIC
AL
N
OT
ES
ON
ST
RU
CT
UR
AL
D
ESI
GN
Tit
le
Th
e S
eis
mic
D
amag
es
Cau
sed
by
th
e
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e
an
d S
ev
era
l P
rob
lem
s in
th
e,C
urr
en
t A
seis
mic
D
esi
gn
.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
No
tes
Fir
e
Pre
vo
10
5.
JOU
RN
AL
O
F TH
E S
OIC
ET
Y
OF
HEATING~'
AIR
-CO
ND
ITIO
NIN
G
AN
D
SAN
ITA
RY
E
NG
INE
ER
S O
F JA
PAN
Au
tho
r
Th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e
Inv
esti
gati
on
C
om
mit
tee
Au
tho
r
T.
Nam
izu
mi
Tit
le
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
10
6.
KY
OD
O
NII
GA
TA
Tit
le
Sum
mar
y o
f th
e
Ro
un
d-T
ab
le
Talk
o
n
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Dam
ages
to
th
e
Seh
a
Sp
a b
y th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
O
thers
No
tes
No
tes
19
64
N
iig
ata
G
rnd
. W
tr.
Tsu
nam
i G
rnd
. D
ef.
I tv
tv
tv
I
No
.
10
7-1
No
.
10
8-1
No
.
*1
09
-1
Au
tho
r
S.
Tan
eda
Au
tho
r
Au
tho
r
M.
Ko
hch
i
10
7.
THE
SC
IEN
CE
R
EPO
RT
S O
F TH
E FA
CU
LTY
O
F S
CIE
NC
E,
KY
USH
U
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
Tit
le
Th
e C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
in th
e
Ok
inaw
a Is
lan
ds.
10
8.
MO
NTH
LY
ECO
N
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Th
e F
ou
nd
ati
on
s o
f S
tru
ctu
res
an
d th
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
G
rou
nd
G
rou
nd
C
on
dit
ion
: th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
No
tes
No
tes
Bu
il.
Dam
.
10
9.
RE
POR
TS
OF
THE
FAC
ULT
Y
OF
SC
IEN
CE
A
ND
TE
CH
NO
LOG
Y,
ME
IJO
U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
Tit
le
Th
e D
amag
e C
au
sed
by
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
h
qu
ak
e
an
d th
e S
ub
surf
ace
Geo
log
y o
f N
iig
ata
-sh
i.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
rou
nd
No
tes
Dam
age
, tv
tv
W I
No
.
*1
10
-1
No
.
*1
11
-1
No
.
*1
12
-1
Au
tho
r
T.
Oga
wa
Au
tho
r
Y.
Miz
og
uch
i
Au
tho
r
M.
Ich
ihara
11
0.
MEM
OIR
S O
F T
HE
C
OL
LE
GE
O
F S
CIE
NC
E,
.KY
OTO
IM
PE
RIA
L
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
; S
ER
IES
B
Tit
le
No
tes
on
th
e V
olc
an
ic
an
d S
eis
mic
P
hen
om
ena
in th
e v
olc
an
ic D
istr
ict
of
Sh
imab
ara
, w
ith
a
Rep
ort
o
n th
e
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
8,
19
22
.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
24
S
him
ab
ara
G
eo
log
y
11
1.
MEM
OIR
S O
F TH
E FA
CU
LT
Y
OF
EN
GIN
EE
RIN
G,
HO
KK
AID
O
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
Tit
le
On
an
E
xp
eri
men
t o
f a
"Tsu
nam
i".
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
53
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i
11
2.
MEM
OIR
S O
F TH
E FA
CU
LT
Y
OF
EN
GIN
EE
RIN
G,
NA
GO
YA
U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
Tit
le
Stu
die
s
on
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
en.
No
tes
Gen
.
No
tes
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
*1
13
-1
K.
Su
da
No.
A
uth
or
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14
-1
H.
Su
giy
ama
11
4-2
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. Y
amai
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I *
11
4-3
M
itsu
i M
ok
uza
i K
ohgy
o C
o.,
L
td.
No.
A
uth
or
11
5-1
N
iig
ata
Lo
cal
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
11
3.
MEM
OIR
S O
F TH
E IM
PER
IAL
M
AR
INE
OB
SER
VA
TOR
Y,
KO
BE
Tit
le
On
the G
reat
Jap
an
ese
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
.
11
4.
MO
KU
ZAI
KOGY
O (W
OOD
IND
UST
RY
)
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
24
K
anto
G
en.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-fi
cati
on
No
tes
No
tes
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d W
oode
n B
uil
din
gs.
1
96
4
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
rnq
uir
y in
to th
e W
oode
n B
uil
din
g si
nce
19
64
N
iig
ata
B
ui1
. D
am.
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Lam
inat
ed W
ood
and
th
e N
iig
ata
1
96
4
Nii
gata
D
amag
e E
arth
qu
ake.
11
5.
MO
NTH
LY
REP
OR
T O
F A
GR
ICU
LTU
RA
L M
ETEO
RO
LOG
Y,
NII
GA
TA
PR
EFEC
TUR
E
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
The
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d T
sun
ami.
19
64
Nii
gata
G
en.
Tsu
nam
i
No
.
11
6-1
No
.
11
7-1
11
7-2
I tv
11
7-3
tv
(.n
I
11
7-4
11
7-5
No
.
11
8-1
Au
tho
r
J.
Mil
ne
Au
tho
r
K.
Yo
shid
a
H.
Miy
osh
i
H.
Miy
osh
i
H.
Miy
osh
i
H.
Miy
osh
i
Au
tho
r
Dep
t.
of
Arc
hit
ectu
al
En
gin
eeri
ng
, H
ok
kaid
o
Un
ivers
ity
11
6.
RE
POR
T
OF
THE
JAPA
N
SO
CIE
TY
O
F SE
ISM
OL
OG
Y
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
Th
e Ja
pan
ese
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f F
eb
.,
18
80
. 1
88
4
Yo
ko
ham
a G
en.
(18
80
)
11
7.
JOU
RN
AL
O
F TH
E O
CE
AN
OG
RA
PHIC
AL
S
OC
IET
Y
OF
JAPA
N
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
On
the
Tsu
nam
i o
f M
ar.
4,
19
52
. 1
95
3
To
kach
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i
On
the C
hil
ean
E
art
hq
uak
e
Tsu
nam
i.
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
On
the C
hil
ean
E
art
hq
uak
e
Tsu
nam
i (P
art
2
)19
60
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
On
the C
hil
ean
E
art
hq
uak
e
Tsu
nam
i 1
96
1
Ch
ilean
T
sun
ami
(Part
3
).
On
the
Ch
ilean
E
art
hq
uak
e
Tsu
nam
i.
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
(Part
4
).
11
8.
RE
SEA
RC
H
RE
POR
TS
OF
THE
AR
CH
ITE
CT
UR
AL
IN
ST
ITU
TE
O
F JA
PA
N
Tit
le
Rep
ort
o
n th
e
To
kach
i-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
52
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Gen
.
No
tes
No
tes
Geo
ph
ysi
cal
No
tes
6(2
) (1
95
3)
No
tes
11
9.
RESE
ARC
H
REP
OR
TS
OF
TOH
OK
U
BRA
NCH
, A
RC
HIT
ECTU
RA
L IN
STIT
UT
E
OF
JAPA
N
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C.1
assi
-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
11
9-1
T
. S
hig
a O
n th
e N
atu
ral
Peri
od
s o
f th
e B
uil
din
gs
1964
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. v
ib.
Bu
il.
Dam
. D
amag
ed b
y t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e (i
n T
suru
ok
a).
11
9-2
T
. S
hig
a S
tud
y o
n th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
es
and
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
G
roun
d D
amag
e G
roun
ds in
Sak
ata
-sh
i an
d T
suru
ok
a-sh
i.
12
0.
AG
RIC
ULT
UR
AL
TECH
NO
LOG
Y
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
01
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
12
0-1
R
. H
ash
imo
to
Ag
ricu
ltu
ral
Dis
ast
ers
C
ause
d b
y t
he
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e I
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
r-.J
r-.J
0' I
--.
---
-l2
l.
AN
NU
AL
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E O
SAK
A W
EATH
ER S
TATI
ON
ON
EART
HQ
UA
KES
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
01
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
12
1-1
F
. O
hmor
i A
fter
sho
cks
of
the K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake.
19
09
Ko-
No
Aft
ers
ho
ck
12
1-2
F
. O
hmor
i T
he
pro
pag
ati
on
Velo
cit
y o
f th
e K
o-N
o 1
90
9
Ko-
No
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Ear
thq
uak
e.
No
. A
uth
or
12
2-1
T
. A
nd
o
12
2-2
T
. A
ihara
12
2-3
T
. K
an
ai
I tv
tv
-...]
1
22
-4
K.
To
ky
ama
I
12
2-5
G
. Y
amad
a
No
. A
uth
or
*1
23
-1
S.
Su
eh
iro
12
2.
EN
GIN
EE
RIN
G
GEO
LOG
Y
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
assi-
ficati
on
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsid
era
tio
ns
on
th
e
Mo
ve-
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
eo
log
y
men
t o
f th
e
Sh
all
ow
Str
atu
m d
uri
ng
th
e
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e:
Stu
dy
on
S
oft
G
rou
nd
b
y
Sw
ed
ish
S
ou
nd
ing
.
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsid
era
tio
ns
on
th
e
Mo
ve-
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
rou
nd
m
en
t o
f th
e
Sh
all
ow
S
tratu
m d
uri
ng
th
e
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e:
Measu
rem
en
t o
f th
e
Ex
trem
ely
S
oft
G
rou
nd
.
Geo
log
ical
Co
nsid
era
tio
ns
on
th
e
Mo
ve-
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
rou
nd
men
t o
f th
e
Sh
all
ow
Str
atu
m d
uri
ng
th
e
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e:
Stu
dy
o
n th
e
Qu
ick
san
d P
hen
om
eno
n in
th
e
Sh
all
ow
S
tratu
m d
ue to
P
ore
W
ate
r P
ressu
re.
Gro
un
d
an
d S
eis
mic
D
amag
e in
an
d
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
:to
un
d
aro
un
d N
iig
ata
-sh
i.
Dam
age
to
Rail
road
S
tru
ctu
res
by
th
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
P
ub
1.
Dam
.
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
12
3.
PAPE
RS
IN M
ETER
OR
OLO
GY
A
ND
G
EO
PHY
SIC
S
Tit
le
Aft
ers
ho
ck
S
eq
uen
ce o
f th
e
Izu
E
art
h
qu
ak
e o
f A
ug
.,
19
56
-
An
Ex
amp
le o
f A
fters
ho
ck
O
bse
rvati
on
b
y
a S
ing
le
Sta
tio
n.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
assi
ficati
on
19
59
Iz
u
Aft
ers
ho
ck
No
tes
Su
bst
an
ce o
f le
ctu
re
Su
bst
an
ce o
f le
ctu
re
Su
bst
an
ce o
f le
ctu
re
Su
bst
an
ce o
f le
ctu
re
Su
bst
an
ce o
f le
ctu
re
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
*1
24
-1
F.
Ohr
nori
*1
24
-2
F.
Ohr
nori
No.
A
uth
or
I I\.)
I\
.)
co
I *
12
5-1
M
. M
atsu
yam
a
No.
A
uth
or
*1
26
-1
S.
Nom
ura
12
4.
PRO
CEE
DIN
GS
OF
THE
TOK
YO
M
ATH
EMA
TIC
O-P
HY
SIC
AL
SOC
IET
Y
Tit
le
Co
mp
aris
ion
of
the F
au
lts
in t
he T
hre
e E
arth
qu
akes
o
f M
ino
-Ow
ari,
T
aiw
an,
and
S
an F
ran
cis
co
.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1907
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
Fau
lt
No
te o
n t
he D
est
ructi
ve E
arth
qu
ake
on
th
e
1908
Z
enk
oh
ji
Sh
inan
o-g
awa
Vall
ey
an
d t
ho
se a
lon
g t
he
<:;e
n.
Jap
an S
ea C
oast
.
12
5.
PUB
. BU
REA
U
CEN
TR.
SEIS
M.
INT
. U
.G.G
.I.
SER
. A
.
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
No
tes
on
th
e
Nat
ure
of
the
Kan
to
1925
K
anto
G
en.
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Jap
an
, S
ep
t.
1,
19
23
.
12
6.
SAIT
O
HO
-ON
K
AI
MUS
EUM
R
ESEA
RC
H
BU
LLET
IN
Tit
le
Cat
alo
gu
e o
f th
e S
hell
-beari
ng
Mo
llu
sca
Co
llecte
d f
rom
th
e K
esen
an
d M
oto
yo
shi
Dis
tric
ts,
No
rth
east
Hon
syu,
Ja
pan
, Im
med
iate
ly a
fter
the S
an
rik
u T
suna
mi
Mar
ch 3
, 1
93
3,
wit
h th
e D
esc
rip
tio
ns
of
Fiv
e N
ew S
pecie
s.
Dat
e E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
ass
ifi
cati
on
1935
S
an
rik
u
(193
3)
Oth
ers
No
tes
Fo
rmo
sa (1
906)
S
an F
ran
cis
co
(1
906)
Ech
igo
U
zen'
:'Sad
o (1
833)
No
tes
No
tes
No
.
12
7-1
12
7-2
12
7-3
12
7-4
12
7-5
I tv
tv
. \.0
1
27
-6
I
No.
*1
28
-1
*1
28
-2
Au
tho
r
T.
Fu
ku
da
K.
Ku
bo
Y.
Tsu
bo
i
12
7.
MO
NTH
LY
JOU
RN
AL
O
F TH
E IN
ST
ITU
TE
O
F IN
DU
ST
RIA
L
SC
IEN
CE
,
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
O
F TO
KY
O
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Bri
dg
es
an
d E
art
hq
uak
es:
W
eak
Po
ints
in
th
eir
F
ou
nd
ati
on
s.
19
49
F
uk
ui
Dam
ages
O
bse
rved
in
th
e P
ub
lic S
tru
ctu
res
19
64
N
iig
ata
d
ue to
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Ch
ara
cte
risti
cs o
f th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
an
d B
uil
din
g
Dam
ages
.
Pu
b1
. D
am.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Bu
i1.
Dam
.
No
tes
In
sti
tute
o
f O
n th
e
Dam
ages
to
F
acto
ry F
acil
itie
s b
y
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
is.
Pre
vo
D
amag
e
Ind
ustr
ial
Sci.
, th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Un
iv.
of
To
ky
o
T.
Mar
uy
asu
,
H.
Sato
Au
tho
r
J.
Mil
ne
J.
Co
nd
er
Aero
ph
oto
gra
ph
ica1
S
urv
ey
o
n th
e E
ffect
19
64
of
the N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
An
aly
sis
of
the
Hig
h F
req
uen
cy
C
hara
cte
r-1
96
6
isti
cs o
f M
ats
ush
iro
E
art
hq
uak
e.
12
8.
SEIS
MO
LO
GIC
AL
JO
UR
NA
L
OF
JAPA
N
Tit
le
A N
ote
o
n th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f O
ct.
2
8,
18
91
.
An
Arc
hit
ect'
SN
ote
s
on
th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e o
f O
ct.
, 1
89
1.
Date
18
93
18
93
Nii
gata
O
thers
Mats
ush
iro
E
xp
. M
eas.
Eart
hq
uak
e
C1
assi-
No
tes
ficati
on
No
hb
i G
en.
(18
91
)
No
hb
i B
ui1
. D
am.
(18
91
)
No.
A
uth
or
*1
29
-1
A.
Tsu
tsu
ura
No.
A
uth
or
I tv
w
13
0-1
0 I
13
0-2
I.
K
amei
13
0-3
S
. Y
ok
oi
13
0-4
K
. K
oid
a
13
0-5
M
. H
iro
i
12
9.
JOU
RN
AL
OF
THE
JAPA
NES
E A
SSO
CIA
TIO
N
OF
PETR
OLE
UM
TE
CH
NO
LOG
ISTS
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
A M
ud
Vo
lcan
o
(Hid
aka-
Sh
inza
n)
Cha
nged
19
52
To
kac
hi-
ok
i G
rnd
. D
ef.
Su
b.
& U
ph.
by
an
Ear
thq
uak
e at
To
kac
hi
Sea
Co
ast
. -
One
ty
pe
of
Cha
nge
in t
he S
urf
ace
Fo
llo
wed
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake.
13
0.
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E TE
CH
NIC
AL
RES
EAR
CH
IN
STIT
UT
E,
-BU
REA
U O
F W
AR D
IAST
ER
R
ESTO
RA
TIO
N
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e C
ause
d b
y
1947
N
ank
ai
the
Nan
kai
do
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n D
ec.
21
, 1
94
6.
On
the T
suna
mi
and
th
e B
uil
din
g D
amag
es
1947
N
ank
ai
in W
akay
ama-
ken.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
es
Cau
sed
by
th
e
1947
N
ank
ai
Tsu
nam
i in
Wak
ayam
a-ke
n.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e O
bse
rved
in
19
47
Nan
kai
O
kaya
ma-
ken
and
Kag
awa-
ken
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e in
Koh
bni"
';ken
.194
7 N
ank
ai
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
Dam
age
Tsu
. D
am.
Tsu
. D
am.
Dam
age
Dam
age
No
.
*1
31
-1
No
.
13
2-1
I !\.)
w
f-J
13
2-2
I
13
2-3
No
.
13
3-1
13
1.
BU
LL
ET
IN
OF
THE
RE
SEA
RC
H
INS
TIT
UT
E
OF
NA
TIO
NA
L
RE
SOU
RC
ES
Au
tho
r
M.
Oh
ya
Au
tho
r
K.
Tak
eyam
a
Tit
le
Th
e R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
Ab
no
rmal
T
idal
Wav
es
"Tsu
nam
i"
Cau
sed
by
th
e C
hil
ean
E
art
hq
uak
e
an
d th
e
To
po
gra
ph
y o
f th
e
Co
ast
s o
f th
e K
ii P
en
insu
la in
th
e
West
ern
P
art
of
Jap
an
.
13
2.
SH
IN
KE
NC
HIK
U
(NEW
A
RC
HIT
EC
TU
RE
)
Tit
le
Th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e
an
d R
eco
nsi
dera
-ti
on
o
f th
e C
urr
en
t A
seis
mic
D
esi
gn
.
Arc
h.
Div
.,In
vest
.Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f B
uil
din
g
Dam
age
du
e
Com
. o
f th
e N
ii-
te th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
gata
E
qk
e.
Dis
as.,
W
ased
a U
niv
. T
. S
hib
ata
S
ug
gest
ion
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e:
Wea
k P
oin
ts o
f a
New
In
du
str
ial
Cit
y.
13
3 •
NEW
C
ITIE
S
Au
tho
r T
itle
F.
To
mo
shim
a T
he
Nii
gata
Eart
hq
uak
e
an
d S
ew
era
ge.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
62
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
19
64
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
19
64
N
iig
ata
G
en.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
64
C
hil
ean
P
ub
l.
Dam
.
No
tes
Geo
log
y
No
tes
Aseis
. D
es.
No
tes
13
4.
THE
NA
TURE
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C.l
assi
-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
13
4-1
H
. M
iyo
shi
The
Act
ual
Co
nd
itio
n o
f th
e T
suna
mi
du
e 1
96
0
Ch
ilean
T
suna
mi
to t
he C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e.
13
4-2
R
. M
orim
oto
One
Y
ear
of
the M
atsu
shir
o E
arth
qu
ake
1966
M
atsu
shir
o
Gen
. S
war
m.
13
5.
WEA
THER
SER
VIC
E B
ULL
ETIN
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C.l
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
I tv
w
T
he
Ear
thq
uak
e T
sun
ami.
19
33
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i tv
1
35
-1
H.
Hon
da
I (1
933)
No.
*1
36
-1
*1
36
-2
*1
36
-3
*1
36
-4
I ~
*1
36
-5
w I
*1
36
-6
*1
36
-7
Au
tho
r
Geo
gra
ph
ical
Su
rvey
In
st.
I.
Tsu
bo
kaw
a
K.
Nak
amu
ra
A.
Mo
gi
S.
Yam
agu
chi
N.
Fu
jita
T.
Dam
bar
a
13
6.
JOU
RN
AL
O
F TH
E G
EO
DE
TIC
S
OC
IET
Y
OF
JAPA
N
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Resu
lts o
f R
esu
rvey
in
th
e S
ou
thern
P
art
1
95
6
To
kach
i-o
ki
Lev
. &
Tri
. o
f H
ok
kaid
o afte
r th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e
of
To
kach
i-o
ki.
Cru
sta
l M
ov
emen
ts b
efo
re
an
d afte
r
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Til
tin
g
an
d u
pli
ftin
g o
f an
Is
lan
d,
Aw
ash
ima,
n
ear
the E
pic
en
ter
of
the
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f 1
96
4.
Su
bm
ari
ne C
rusta
l M
ov
emen
t d
ue to
th
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
19
64
N
iig
ata
T
ilt
19
64
N
iig
ata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Nii
gata
E
art
hq
uak
e
in 1
96
4,
in th
e
En
vir
on
s o
f th
e
Aw
ash
ima
Isla
nd
, Ja
pan
S
ea.
On
the
Ch
ang
e in
H
eig
hts
o
f M
ean
S
ea
Lev
els
b
efo
re
an
d A
fter
the G
reat
Nii
gata
Eart
hq
uak
e o
n Ju
ne
16
, 1
96
4.
Th
e M
ag
neti
c D
istu
rban
ces
Acc
om
pan
yin
g
the N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Vert
ical
Mo
vem
ents
o
f th
e E
art
h's
C
rust
in R
ela
tio
n to
th
e M
ats
ush
iro
E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
64
N
iig
ata
T
idal
Ch
ge.
19
64
N
iig
ata
C
ur.
&
Mag
.
19
66
M
ats
ush
iro
S
ub
. &
up
h. S
ub
. &
Up
h.
I !\.)
w
oj:>. I
No.
13
7-1
13
7-2
13
7-3
13
7-4
No.
*1
38
-1
Au
tho
r
T.
Nak
ano
K.
Kur
oda
H.
Tak
eda
Au
tho
r
H.
Hig
uch
i
13
7.
A M
ONTH
LY
JOU
RN
AL
OF
SUR
VEY
ING
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
T
he
Rela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e S
oft
Gro
und
1964
N
iig
ata
G
roun
d an
d t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e:
Les
son
s fr
om
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
The
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
and
it
s
1964
N
iig
ata
G
eolo
gy
G
eo
log
ical
Pro
ble
ms.
The
R
esea
rch
pro
ject
on
Dis
ast
er
1964
N
iig
ata
D
is.
Pre
vo
P
rev
en
tio
n fo
r th
e C
ity
of
Nii
gata
.
An
Aer
op
ho
tog
rap
hic
al
Su
rvey
of
the
1964
N
iig
ata
O
ther
s N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
13
8.
SPE
CIA
L C
ON
TRIB
UTI
ON
S O
F TH
E G
EOPH
YSI
CA
L ~STITUTE,
KY
OTO
IW
IVE
RSI
TX
Tit
le
On
the B
ehav
ior
of
the
Ch
ilea
n T
suna
mi
in t
he S
eto
In
lan
d S
ea.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1963
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
No
tes
Dam
age
No
tes
I IV
W
111 I
No
.
13
9-1
No
.
*1
40
-1
No
.
14
1-1
Au
tho
r
Y.
Kan
eko
Au
tho
r
Hy
dro
gra
ph
ic
Off
ice
Au
tho
r
T.
Mats
uzak
i
13
9.
JOU
RN
AL
O
F TH
E W
ATE
R
WO
RKS
ASS
OC
IAT
E
Tit
le
An
E
mer
gen
cy M
easu
re f
0r
the
Wate
r S
up
ply
afte
r
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
14
0.
THE
HY
DR
OG
RA
PHIC
B
UL
LE
TIN
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
64
N
iig
ata
P
ub
1.
Dam
.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Info
rmati
on
ab
ou
t th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
Cala
mit
y
19
47
N
an
kai
of
the
Nan
kai
Dis
tric
t,
19
46
. (P
ort
s an
d
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Harb
ors
) .
14
1.
RE
POR
T
OF
THE
HY
DR
OG
RA
PHIC
R
ESEA
RC
H
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
No
tes
No
tes
No
tes
Ch
ang
e in
th
e E
art
h's
M
agn
etis
m d
ue
19
66
N
iig
ata
C
ur.
&
Mag
. to
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
I tv
W
en
I
No.
14
2-1
14
2-2
14
2-3
No.
14
3-1
14
3-2
Au
tho
r
A.
Imam
ura
A.
Imam
ura
S.
Yag
i
Au
tho
r
N.
Miy
abe
S.
Nak
amur
a
14
2.
MEM
OIR
S O
F TH
E IM
PER
IAL
AC
ADEM
Y O
F JA
PAN
Tit
le
An
cien
t E
arth
qu
akes
in
Jap
an:
The
D
ate
of
Occ
urr
ence
Est
imate
d f
rom
th
e T
oo
l F
ound
in
th
e B
uri
ed H
ou
ses.
On
the
Gre
at J
apan
ese
Ear
thq
uak
es in
70
1 an
d 1
59
6,
Part
icu
larl
y o
n th
e L
and
Su
bsi
den
ce.
Lan
d D
efo
rmat
ion
Fo1
1woi
ng t
he
Zen
ko
hji
E
arth
qu
ake
in 1
84
7.
---
. -
14
3.
BU
LLET
IN O
F TH
E A
STRO
NO
MY
AN
D G
EOPH
YSI
CS
Tit
le
Rep
ort
on
th
e In
vest
igati
on
of
the
Sei
smic
Tsu
nam
i in
th
e J
apan
S
ea o
n
Aug
. 2
, 1
94
0.
The
Oga
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
ay
1,
1939
an
d
the M
agn
etic
Ab
no
rmal
ity
Ob
serv
ed i
n
and
aro
un
d t
he E
pic
en
ter.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1943
T
en-a
n
Gen
.
No
tes
1946
T
ango
G
en.
Bun
go
1947
Z
enk
oh
ji
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Gen
.
( IN
JA
PAN
ESE
)
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
1941
S
hak
ota
n-
Tsu
nam
i o
ki
1941
O
ga
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
G~n.
No.
A
uth
or
14
4-1
G
. Y
amad
a
No
. A
uth
or
I 1
45
-1
H.
Fu
ku
i N
w
-..
.l I
14
5-2
E
. K
on
no
14
5-3
K
. T
an
ab
e
14
5-4
S
. N
akam
ura
14
4.
PRO
MPT
R
EPO
RT
O
F TH
E R
AIL
WA
Y
TE
CH
NIC
AL
R
ESE
AR
CH
IN
ST
ITU
TE
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
ass
ifi
cati
on
Inv
esti
gati
on
of
the
Dam
age
to
Lan
d
19
62
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Geo
log
y
Fil
l S
oil
d
ue to
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e in
N
ort
h
Miy
ag
i-k
en
.
14
5.
AN
NA
LS
OF
THE
TOH
OK
U
GE
OG
RA
PHIC
AL
A
SS
OC
IAT
ION
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.l
assi-
ficati
on
Th
e C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
on
th
e M
idso
uth
ern
1
96
0
Ch
ilean
T
sun
ami
Part
of
the S
an
rik
u C
oast
.
Ero
sio
n
an
d S
ed
imen
tati
on
du
e
to th
e
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
sun
ami
Ch
ilean
E
art
hq
uak
e
Tsu
nam
i O
bse
rved
in
S
an
rik
u C
oast
.
Pro
mp
t R
ep
ort
o
n th
e D
isaste
r R
esu
ltin
g
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e fr
om
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Som
e P
hen
om
ena
Ob
serv
ed
in
th
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
G
rnd
. W
tr.
Lan
dsl
ide
Zo
ne
du
e to
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
No
tes
No
tes
Grn
d D
ef.
L
nd
sld
e
I N
!.oJ ~
I
No.
*1
46
-1
14
6-2
14
6-3
14
6-4
14
6-5
No.
*1
47
-1
Au
tho
r
M.
Yo
shio
ka
T.
Sh
iga
M.
Yo
shio
ka
T.
Sh
igo
T.
Sh
iga
Au
tho
r
E.
Kon
-no
14
6.
THE
AR
CH
ITEC
TUR
AL
REP
OR
TS
OF
TOHO
KU
UN
IVER
SITY
Tit
le
Rep
ort
on
the I
nv
est
igati
on
of
the
To
kac
hi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
the L
eak
age
fro
m a
C
yli
nd
ri-
cal
Wat
er T
ank
on t
he
Gro
und
du
e to
th
e
Miyagi~Kita
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dam
age
to t
he
Co
ncr
ete
Blo
ck S
tru
ctu
res
by
th
e M
iyag
i-K
ita
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
1963
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Pu
bl.
D
am.
1963
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Bu
il.
Dam
.
No
tes
Natu
ral
Fre
qu
en
cie
s o
f th
e B
uil
din
gs
Dam
aged
by
th
e M
iyag
i-K
ita
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1963
M
iyag
i-K
ita
Bu
il.
Vib
. B
uil
. D
am.
The
Max
imum
In
un
dati
on
Hei
gh
t at
Oh
fun
ato
196
3 C
hil
ean
W
ard
in
Oh
fun
ato
-sh
i R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
Ch
ilean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
sun
ami.
Tsu
nam
i
14
7.
CO
NTR
IBU
TIO
NS
FRO
M T
HE
INST
ITU
TE
O
F G
EOLO
GY
A
ND
PA
LEO
NTO
LOG
Y,
TOHO
KU
UN
IVER
SITY
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Geo
log
ical
O
bse
rvat
ion
s o
f th
e S
an
rik
u
1961
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
Co
ast
al
Reg
ion
Dam
aged
by
th
e T
suna
mi
du
e to
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e in
19
60
.
No
tes
Geo
log
y
I I\.)
W
\0
I
No.
14
8-1
14
8-2
14
8-3
14
8-4
No
.
14
9-1
No
.
15
0-1
Au
tho
r
Au
tho
r
T.
Ko
ch
ibe
Au
tho
r
T.
Wat
anab
e
14
8.
MEM
OIR
S O
F T
HE
TO
KY
O
INS
TIT
UT
E
OF
PH
YS
ICS
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Reco
rd o
f th
e S
tro
ng
Mo
tio
n E
art
hq
uak
e
Ob
serv
ed
o
n
Jun
e
20
, 1
89
4.
18
94
T
ok
yo
E
xp
. M
eas.
Th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
e in
th
e
Dew
a D
istr
ict.
18
94
S
ho
hn
ai
Gen
.
Geo
mag
net
ism
C
han
ge
the G
reat
Tsu
nam
i.
befo
re
an
d a
fte
r
18
96
C
ur.
&
Mag
.
Geo
mag
net
ism
C
han
ge
Rik
u-U
E
art
hq
uak
e.
pre
ced
ing
th
e
18
96
R
iku
-U
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Eq
ke.
Sg
ns.
14
9.
TR
AN
SAC
TIO
NS
OF
THE
GE
OG
RA
PHIC
AL
SO
CIE
TY
O
F TO
KY
O
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Su
rvey
R
ep
ort
o
n th
e
Eart
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r in
th
e D
istr
icts
o
f O
wari
, M
ino
an
d
Ech
izen
.
18
91
N
oh
bi
(18
91
) S
rvy
. R
ep.
15
0.
TR
AN
SAC
TIO
NS
OF
THE
DEP
AR
TMEN
T O
F C
IVIT
. E
NG
INE
ER
ING
, FA
CU
LT
Y O
F E
NG
INE
ER
ING
, U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
OF
TOK
YO
Tit
le
Ase
ism
ic E
ffect
of
the
Lan
d
Co
mp
acte
d
by
th
e V
ibro
flo
tati
on
M
eth
od
ag
ain
st
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
65
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
No
tes
So
il
an
d
Fo
un
dati
on
1
3(2
)
lSI.
A
NN
UA
L R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
DEP
ART
MEN
T O
F PH
YSI
CS,
FA
CULT
Y
OF
SCIE
NC
E,
UN
IVE
RSI
TY
OF
TOK
YO
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Gla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
15
1-1
K
. Y
osh
ida
Rep
ort
of
the N
ank
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi
Nan
kai
T
su.
Rep
. (P
art
1:
Pro
mp
t S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on W
akay
ama-
ken
an
d T
ok
ush
ima-
ken
).
15
1-2
K
. Y
osh
ida
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake
Tsu
nam
i N
ank
ai
Tsu
. R
ep.
(Part
2:
Pro
mp
t S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on
K
oh
chi-
ken
an
d T
ok
ush
ima-
ken
).
15
1-3
K
. H
irao
C
hang
e in
th
e E
art
h's
C
urr
en
t 19
47
Nan
kai
C
ur.
&
M
ag.
Fo
llo
wed
by
th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake.
15
1-4
J.
Su
zuk
i A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake
19
47
N
ank
ai
Aft
ersh
ock
(P
art
1:
Sta
tisti
cal
Desc
rip
tio
n o
f th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s).
I 1
51
-5
J.
Su
zuk
i A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake
1947
N
ank
ai
Aft
ersh
ock
tv
(P
art
2:
Peri
od
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
.t:- o
Mo
tio
n).
I
15
1-6
S
. A
sada
A
fters
ho
ck
s o
f th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake
19
48
N
ank
ai
Aft
ersh
ock
(p
art
3:
An
aly
sis
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
n)
•
15
1-7
T
. A
sad
a O
n M
icro
eart
hq
uak
es F
oll
ow
ed b
y A
fter-
19
49
F
uk
ui
Sm
I.
Eq
ke.
A
fters
ho
ck
sh
ock
s o
f th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
15
2.
TR
AN
SAC
TIO
NS
OF
THE
AM
ER
ICA
N
GE
OPH
YSI
CA
L
UN
ION
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*1
52
-1
T.
Nag
ata
S
um
mar
y o
f th
e G
eo
ph
ysi
cal
Inv
esti
gati
on
s
19
50
N
an
kai
Gen
. o
n th
e
Gre
at
Eart
hq
uak
e in
S
ou
thw
est
ern
Ja
pan
o
n
Dec
. 2
1,
19
46
.
*1
52
-2
E.
Nis
him
ura
O
n th
e T
ilti
ng
Mo
tio
n o
f G
rou
nd
O
bse
rved
1
95
3
Dais
ho
hji
T
ilt
befo
re
an
d afte
r th
e O
ccu
rren
ce o
f an
E
art
hq
uak
e.
15
3.
TR
AN
SAC
TIO
NS
OF
THE
AS
IAT
IC
SO
CIE
TY
O
F JA
PAN
I N
o.
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
E
art
hq
uak
e
C.1
ass
i-N
ote
s N
.P
> fi
cati
on
I-
' I
15
3-1
I.
Hatt
ori
D
estr
ucti
ve E
art
hq
uak
es
in J
ap
an
1
87
8
Eq
ke.
Act.
I !\)
~
!\) I
No.
*1
54
-1
*1
54
-2
*1
54
-3
*1
54
-4
Au
tho
r
J.
Mil
ne
T.
Dan
S.
Sek
iya
N.
Oh
tsu
ka
15
4.
TRA
NSA
CTI
ON
S O
F TH
E SE
ISM
OLO
GIC
AL
SOC
IETY
O
F JA
PAN
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C.l
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
The
E
arth
qu
ake
in J
apan
of
Feb
. 2
2,
18
80
. 18
80
Yok
oham
a G
en.
(188
0)
No
tes
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
at
Ata
mi,
in
th
e
1883
A
tam
i G
en.
Sep
t.
29
. P
rov
ince
of
Izu
on
Sep
t.
29
, 1
88
2.
The
S
ever
e Ja
pan
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 18
87
Yok
oham
a G
en.
Dam
age
Jan
uar
y
IS,
18
87
.
The
Kum
amot
o E
arth
qu
ake
of
July
28
, 1
88
9.
1890
K
umam
oto
Gen
.
15
5.
SO
IL M
EC
HA
NIC
S A
ND
FO
UN
DA
TIO
N
EN
GIN
EE
RIN
G
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
15
5-1
T
. M
ogam
i S
oil
E
ng
ineeri
ng
P
rob
lem
s P
ose
d
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
is.
Pre
vo
b
y th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
15
5-2
Y
. O
hsa
ki
Pro
mp
t R
ep
ort
o
n th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
64
N
iig
ata
G
en.
15
5-3
H
. K
ano
T
he
Rela
tio
nsh
ip
betw
een
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e G
rou
nd
D
amag
e in
A
kit
a-s
hi
an
d th
e S
oft
G
rou
nd
.
15
5-4
S
. K
od
era
E
ffect
of
the E
art
hq
uak
e
Dam
age
on
th
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
. G
rou
nd
G
rou
nd
an
d to
th
e F
ou
nd
ati
on
o
f B
rid
qes.
15
5-5
Y
. K
oiz
um
i C
han
ges
in
San
d D
en
sit
y R
esu
ltin
g
fro
m
19
65
N
iig
ata
O
thers
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
I 1
55
-6
H.
Ho
ku
go
M
ov
emen
t o
f th
e P
ed
esta
l P
ile u
nd
er
19
65
N
iig
ata
O
thers
tv
.I>
-C
on
str
ucti
on
d
uri
ng
th
e N
iig
ata
w
I
Eart
hq
uak
e.
15
5-7
M
. Ic
hih
ara
M
easu
rem
en
ts o
f th
e T
en
sil
e S
tresses o
f 1
96
6
Nii
gata
O
thers
th
e
Tie
R
od
s an
d th
e E
art
h P
ressu
re at
the
Yam
a-n
o-s
hit
a Q
uay
wall
b
efo
re
an
d
afte
r th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
15
5-8
K
. T
ak
ase
D
amag
e to
th
e
Eart
hen
D
am
by
th
e
19
66
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
. N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
15
6.
No.
A
uth
or
15
6-1
T
. N
aito
15
6-2
S
. O
kada
15
6-3
K
. O
zak
i
15
6-4
D
ept_
.of
I A
rch
itectu
re,
N ~
Was
eda
Un
iv.
~
I
No.
A
uth
or
*1
57
-1
K.
Har
agu
chi
SPE
CIA
L
ISSU
E
OF
THE
AR
CH
ITEC
TUR
AL
ASS
OC
IATI
ON
O
F W
ASE
DA
U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
(pu
bli
shed
in
th
e 1
3th
year
of
the T
aish
o e
ra)
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
and
19
24
Kan
to
Bu
il.
Dam
. F
ire:
Rig
id F
ram
e S
tru
ctu
res
and
th
e D
amag
e.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
1924
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am.
and_
th
e F
ire:
The
D
isast
er
of
Jap
an
ese
-sty
le A
rch
itectu
re.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
1924
K
anto
B
uil
. D
am.
Fir
e
and
Fir
e:
Ase
ism
icit
y a
nd
Fir
ep
roo
fin
g
of
Co
ncr
ete
Blo
ck S
tru
ctu
res.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
1924
K
anto
F
ire
and
Fir
e:
Gen
eral
Sta
tem
en
t.
15
7.
BU
LLET
IN O
F TH
E YA
MAG
ATA
UN
IVER
SITY
« N
ATU
RAL
SCIE
NC
E
Tit
le
Qu
ick
san
d A
ctio
n C
ause
d b
y th
e N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake
in S
ak
ata
-sh
i,
Yam
agat
a-k
en.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1964
N
iig
ata
G
rnd
. D
ef.
Dam
age
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C.1
assi
-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E K
O-N
O
EAR
THQ
UA
KE,
G
ifu
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n
A-I
A
. Im
amur
a O
n th
e R
ecen
t E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he O
hmi
19
10
K
o-N
o G
en.
Dis
tric
t.
A-2
F
. O
hmor
i O
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he O
hmi
Dis
tric
t 19
10
Ko-
No
Gen
. on
Au
gu
st 1
4,
19
09
.
A-3
B
. K
oto
Geo
log
ical
In
vest
igati
on
of
the K
o-N
o 19
10
Ko-
No
Geo
log
y
Ear
thq
uak
e.
A-4
F
. O
hmor
i p
rop
ag
ati
on
Velo
cit
y o
f th
e K
o-N
o E
art
h-
19
10
K
o-N
o E
xp
. M
eas.
q
uak
e o
n A
ug
ust
14
, 1
90
9.
A-5
T
. O
gaw
a G
eo
log
ical
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the K
o-N
o 19
10
Ko-
No
Geo
log
y
I E
arth
qu
ake.
N
.I>
-U
1 I A
-6
S.
Nak
amur
a G
eo
log
ical
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
n t
he K
o-N
o 1
91
0
Ko-
No
Geo
log
y
Rep
ort
of
Ear
thq
uak
e.
I.G
.S.J
. 1
5
(190
9)
A-7
F
. O
hmor
i A
fter
sho
cks
of
the K
o-N
O
Eart
hq
uak
e,
1910
K
o-N
o A
fter
sho
ck
Aug
. 1
4,
19
09
. A
-8
T.
San
o A
rch
itectu
ral
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
of
the
19
10
K
o-N
o B
uil
. D
am.
Ko-
No
Ear
thq
uak
e.
A-9
C
. K
imur
a In
specti
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ites
nam
aged
1
91
0
Ko-
No
Gen
. b
y t
he K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake.
A-I
O
T.
Ko
chib
e G
eolo
gic
al
Co
nsi
dera
tio
ns
of
the K
o-N
o 1
91
0
Ko-
No
Geo
log
y
fro
m t
he
Gif
u
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dail
y N
ews
A-l
l K
. Y
asu
ok
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on th
e S
ites
19
10
K
o-N
o B
uil
. D
am.
fro
m M
anch
oho
Dam
aged
by
th
e K
o-N
o E
arth
qu
ake:
D
amag
e o
f A
seis
mic
Ho
use
s.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
REP
OR
l'S
ON
THE
GRE
AT
TAIS
HO
EA
RTH
QU
AK
E AN
D F
IRE
, K
aizo
-sh
a
A-1
2 A
. Im
amur
a G
ener
al S
tate
men
t on
th
e G
reat
Kan
to
1924
K
anto
A
fter
sho
ck E
qk
e.
& F
ire
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he A
fter
sho
cks.
p
p.
3 -
14
.
A-1
3 S
. N
akam
ura
Cau
se a
nd
Eff
ect
of
the G
reat
Kan
to
1924
K
anto
G
en.
Eq
ke.
&
Fir
e
Ear
thq
uak
e.
pp
. 15
-2
3.
A-1
4 K
. In
ou
e G
eolo
gic
al C
on
sid
erat
ion
s o
f th
e
1924
K
anto
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Eqk
e.
& F
ire
Gre
at K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
pp
. 24
-
27
.
A-1
S
The
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ja
n.
15
, 1
92
3,a
nd
19
24
Kan
to
Dam
age
Eqk
e.
& F
ire
the
Dis
ast
er.
p
p.
89 -
90
I A
-16
H.
Nag
ata
Dis
ast
er
in T
ok
yo
-sh
i.
1924
K
anto
D
amag
e D
isast
er
'" p
p.
3 -
13 •
.;,.
0\ I
A-1
7 K
. W
atan
abe
The
Dam
age
Ob
serv
ed i
n Y
ok
oh
ama-
shi.
19
24
Kan
to
Dam
age
Dis
ast
er
pp
. 1
4 -
15
.
A-1
8 K
. N
ish
izak
a S
eism
ic D
isast
er
in Y
okoh
ama-
shi
and
19
24
Kan
to
Dam
age
Dis
ast
er
Kan
agaw
a-ke
n.
pp
. 16
-22
w
A-1
9 Y
. T
suru
mi
Rail
road
s an
d S
eism
ic D
isast
er.
19
24
Kan
to
Pub
1.
Dam
. D
isast
er
pp
. 31
-
38
.
A-2
0 M
. K
abas
him
a D
amag
e to
Bri
dg
es a
nd
Fu
ture
Co
nst
ruc-
1924
K
anto
P
ub1.
D
am.
Dis
ast
er
tio
n.
pp
. 39
-4
8.
A-2
1 C
. It
o
Dam
age
to S
pecia
lly
Pro
tecte
d S
tru
ctu
res.
19
24
Kan
to
Bu
i1.
Dam
. D
isast
er
pp
. 1
20
-12
3.
A-2
2 T
. N
akag
awa
Sei
smic
Dam
age
to S
hri
nes
and
Tem
ples
19
24
Kan
to
Bu
i1.
Dam
. D
isast
er
in t
he S
hohn
an D
istr
ict.
p
p.
12
4-1
33
A-2
3 D
amag
e to
Fis
hery
Har
bo
rs a
nd
Fis
hin
g
1924
K
anto
D
amag
e D
isast
er
Pla
ces.
p
p.
13
9.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
A-2
4 S
. U
chid
a A
seis
mic
an
d F
irep
roo
f B
uil
din
gs.
REP
OR
TS
ON
TH
E G
REA
T TA
ISH
O
EART
HQ
UA
KE
DIS
AST
ER
IN
TO
KY
O,
To
ky
o-f
u
A-2
5 A
. Im
amur
a T
he G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
23
.
A-2
6 S
. N
akam
ura
The
G
reat
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
92
3.
A-2
7 S
. F
uji
wara
W
eath
er C
on
dit
ion
s d
uri
ng
th
e K
anto
E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
23
. I l\J ~
A-2
8 S
. N
akam
ura
The
T
aish
o
(Kan
to)
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d
~
I th
e
Fir
e.
A-2
9 T
. S
ano
T
he G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
and
B
uil
din
gs.
A-3
0 K
. In
ou
e G
roun
d D
efo
rmat
ion
Cau
sed
by
th
e
Ear
thq
auk
e.
A-3
1 A
. Im
amur
a T
he H
isto
rical
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h H
it
Tok
yo.
REP
OR
TS
ON
THE
KIT
A-T
AJI
MA
EA
RTH
QU
AK
E D
ISA
STE
R,
Hy
oh
go
-ken
A-3
2 K
obe
Wea
ther
R
epo
rt o
n t
he K
ita
-T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake,
S
tati
on
, M
arin
e M
ay
23
, 1
92
5.
Ob
serv
ato
ry
A-3
3 S
. N
akam
ura
Rep
ort
on
th
e In
vest
igati
on
of
the
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Kiz
ak
i.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
19
24
K
anto
1925
K
anto
1925
K
anto
1925
K
anto
19
25
K
anto
19
25
K
anto
1925
K
anto
1925
K
anto
19
26
T
ajim
a
19
26
T
ajim
a
Bu
i1.
Dam
. E
ffect
of
Eq
ke.
&
Fir
e
pp
. 3
-4
4.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Oth
ers
Fir
e
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Grn
d.
Def
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
. S
ait
o H
o-on
K
ai B
ull
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
A-3
4 A
. Im
amur
a O
bse
rvat
ion
of
the G
reat
Taj
ima
1926
T
ajim
a E
Xp.
M
eas.
G
eog
rap
hy
E
arth
qu
ake.
V
ol.
1
A-3
5 N
. Y
amas
aki
Hy
po
cen
ter
of
the T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake.
19
26
Taj
ima
Geo
log
y
Geo
gra
ph
y
Vo
l.
1
A-3
6 N
. Y
amas
aki
The
T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake
and
th
e C
on
dit
ion
19
26
Taj
ima
Oth
ers
in t
he M
ete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry.
A-3
7 N
. Is
hik
awa
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Sh
aken
by
th
e
1926
T
ajim
a S
rvy
. R
ep.
Kit
a-T
ajim
a E
arth
qu
ake.
I R
EPO
RTS
ON
TH
E IZ
U-S
HO
HN
AN
EA
RTH
QU
AK
E O
F N
OV
. 2
6,
19
30
, K
anag
awa
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n
N
.t:>- oo
A-3
8 T
. S
hig
a G
ener
al R
epo
rt o
n O
bse
rvat
ion
s o
f th
e
19
31
IZ
U
EX
p.
Mea
s.
I
Ear
thq
uak
e.
A-3
9 T
. K
awan
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e in
1
93
1
Izu
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Dam
age
Hak
one
Reg
ion
.
A-4
0 T
. T
akag
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e D
istr
ict
Dam
aged
1
93
1
Izu
S
rvy
. R
ep.
by t
he E
arth
qu
ake.
A-4
1 T
. S
hig
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n H
akon
e an
d M
ishi
ma
1931
Iz
u
Srv
y.
Rep
. w
hic
h w
ere
Oam
aged
by
th
e
Izu
-Sh
oh
nan
E
arth
qu
ake.
A-4
2 T
. S
hig
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
istr
ict
Dam
aged
19
31
Izu
S
rvy
. R
ep.
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake.
A-4
3 T
. T
akag
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on t
he S
eis
mic
all
y D
amag
ed
1931
Iz
u
Srv
y.
Rep
. D
istr
ict
aro
un
d M
t.
Hak
one.
A-4
4 H
. N
ish
imu
ra
Ob
serv
atio
n R
epo
rt
on
th
e
Lig
htn
ing
19
31
Izu
L
igh
tnin
g
Phe
nom
enon
du
rin
g t
he
Izu
-Sh
oh
nan
Eart
h-
qu
ake.
I t-J ~
\!) I
No.
A
uth
or
A-4
5 T
. K
awan
a
A-4
6 T
. T
akag
i
A-4
7 K
anag
awa-
ken
A-4
8 T
. T
akag
i
A-4
9 T
. T
akag
i
'1'i1
l1e
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the
Dam
age
in t
he
Dis
tric
t ar
ou
nd
th
e S
omm
a o
f M
t.
Hak
one
by
th
e
Izu
-Sh
oh
nan
Ear
thq
uak
e.
19
31
Iz
u
Cha
nge
in
Ele
vati
on
of
Wat
er S
urf
ace
1931
Iz
u
in L
ake
Ash
ino
ko
.
Rep
ort
on
Ho
usi
ng
Dam
age
du
e to
th
e
1931
Iz
u
Izu
-Sh
oh
nan
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Gen
eral
Sta
tem
ent
on
th
e Iz
u E
arth
qu
ake.
19
31
Izu
It
was
po
ssib
le t
o F
ore
cast
th
e Iz
u
1931
Iz
u
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
seic
he
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Gen
.
Oth
ers
No
tes
GEN
ERA
L R
EPO
RT
ON
THE
STRO
NG
OFF
-SA
NR
IKU
EA
RTH
QU
AK
E AN
D TH
E FO
LLO
WIN
G
TSU
NA
MI,
Cen
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
A-5
0 S
. K
un
ito
mi
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the O
ff-S
an
rik
u E
art
h-
1933
S
an
rik
u
Gen
. T
sun
ami
qu
ake,
M
ar.
3,
1933
an
d t
he F
oll
ow
ing
(1
933)
T
sun
ami.
A-5
1 K
. S
ag
isak
a
Mea
sure
men
t o
f th
e S
tro
ng
Off
-San
rik
u
1933
S
an
rik
u
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(193
3)
A-5
2 T
. Is
hik
awa
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Sei
smic
In
ten
sit
ies
1933
S
an
rik
u
Oth
ers
of
the O
ff-S
anri
ku
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(193
3)
A-5
3 T
. Is
hik
awa
Off
-San
rik
u T
sun
amis
of
the P
ast
an
d t
he
1933
San
rik
u
Gen
. T
suna
mi
Pre
lim
inary
Tre
mo
rs p
rio
r to
th
e P
rese
nt
(193
3)
Fo
re sh
ock
S
tro
ng
Ear
thq
uak
e.
A-5
4 S
eis
mo
log
ical
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
19
33
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i D
ep
t.,
C.M
.O.
the S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
(1
933)
I t-J lTI o I
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
A-5
5 K
. S
ekig
uch
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
suna
mi
wit
h a
19
33
San
rik
u
Tsu
nam
i T
idal
Gau
ge.
(193
3)
A-5
6 H
. H
onda
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on t
he T
suna
mi
Dis
ast
er
1933
San
rik
u
Srv
y.
Rep
. T
su.
Rep
. in
Iw
ate-
ken
. (1
933)
GEN
ERA
L R
EPO
RT
ON
THE
GRE
AT
TOH
NA
NK
AI
EART
HQ
UA
KE
OF
DEC
. 7
, 1
94
4,
Cen
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
A-5
7
A-5
8
A-5
9
A-6
0
A-6
1
A-6
2
A-6
3
A-6
4
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
Y.
Hon
una
U.
Ino
ue
Om
aeza
ki
Wea
ther
Sta
t.
S.
Hom
ma
T.
Tak
agi
K.
Sag
isak
a
O.
Sak
ai
Som
e T
ho
ug
hts
o
n th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Inv
est
igati
on
.
On
the G
reat
To
hn
ank
ai
Dec
. 7
, 1
94
4.
Ear
thq
uak
e,
1945
T
cbhn
anka
i
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
isast
er
in
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
S
hiz
uo
ka-
ken
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
To
hn
ank
ai
Dec
. 7
, 1
94
4.
Ear
thq
uak
e,
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the A
rea
Dam
aged
by
th
e
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
H
igas
hi-
Nan
kai
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
7,
19
44
: C
oast
al
Reg
ion
of
En
shu
-nad
a.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
rea
Dam
aged
by
th
e
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
T
oh
nan
kai
E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
7,
19
44
.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Mie
-ken
an
d W
akay
ama-
ken
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
w
hic
h w
ere
Dam
aged
by
th
e
To
hn
ank
ai
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f D
ec.
7,
19
44
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Gen
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the D
amag
e d
on
e b
y t
he
Ear
thq
uak
e w
hic
h O
ccu
rred
in
En
shu
-nad
a ar
ou
nd
13
:36
, D
ec.
7,
19
44
.
1945
T
oh
nan
kai
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Dam
age
I tv
Ul
f-' I
No
. A
uth
or
A-6
5
K.
Mu
sha
Tit
le
Th
e G
reat
Eart
hq
uak
es
init
iate
d i
n th
e
Mid
dle
P
art
of
the E
xte
rnal
Eart
hq
uak
e
Zo
ne.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
45
T
oh
nan
kai
Gen
.
No
tes
GEN
ERA
L R
EPO
RT
O
N
THE
NA
NK
AID
O
GR
EAT
EAR
THQ
UA
KE
OF
DE
C.
21
, 1
94
6,
Cen
tral
Mete
orl
og
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
A-6
6
A-6
7
A-6
8
A-6
9
A-7
0
A-7
1
A-7
2
A-7
3
A-7
4
K.
Wad
ach
i
Seis
mo
log
ical
Sep
t.,
C.M
.O.
N.
Tak
eh
an
a
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Seis
mo
lgic
al
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
R.
Yo
shim
ats
u
K.
Tak
ag
i
K.
To
kis
ak
a
Osa
ka
Dis
t.
Met.
O
bse
rve
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
of
the
Nan
kai
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
47
N
an
kai
Ou
tlin
e o
f th
e M
easu
rem
en
t an
d Observa~
19
47
N
an
kai
tio
n o
f th
e
Nan
kaid
o E
art
hq
uak
e.
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
of
the
Tsu
nam
i D
isaste
r.
19
47
N
an
kai
Dam
age
Cau
sed
by
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
an
d
the F
oll
ow
ing
T
sun
am
i.
Up
heav
al
an
d S
ub
sid
en
ce o
f th
e
Gro
un
d.
19
47
N
an
kai
19
47
N
an
kai
Ch
ang
e in
th
e E
art
h's
C
urr
en
t P
reced
-1
94
7
Nan
kai
ing
an
d F
oll
wo
ing
th
e
Nan
kai-
do
Eart
h-
qu
ak
e.
Ch
ang
e in
th
e E
art
h's
M
ag
neti
sm
19
47
N
an
kai
Reco
rded
b
y th
e
Tak
ag
i M
ag
neto
mete
r b
efo
re
an
d a
fete
r th
e
Nan
kai-
do
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Su
rvey
R
ep
ort
o
n t
he D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed
19
47
N
an
kai
by
th
e N
an
kai-
do
E
art
hq
uak
e,
Dec
. 2
1,
19
46
: In
th
e
Case
o
f W
akay
ama-
ken
.
Su
rvey
R
ep
ort
o
n t
he D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed
19
47
N
an
kai
by
th
e
Nan
kai-
do
E
art
hq
uak
e,
Dec
. 2
1,
19
46
: O
sak
a-f
u,
Wak
ayam
a-k
en a
nd
H
yo
hg
o-
ken
.
Gen
.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Tsu
nam
i
Dam
age
Tsu
. D
am.
Su
b.
&
Up
h.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Srv
y.
Rep
.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
A-7
5 U
. In
ou
e S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed
1947
N
ank
ai
Srv
y.
Rep
. D
amag
e by
th
e N
ank
ai-d
o E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
21
, 1
94
6:
Sei
smic
Dis
ast
er
in T
Oku
shim
a-ke
n.
A-7
6 T
okus
him
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed
1947
N
ank
ai
Srv
y.
Rep
. W
eath
er
by th
e N
ank
ai-d
o E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
21
, S
tati
on
1
94
6:
To
ku
shim
a-k
en.
A-7
7 T
. T
ak
eis
hi
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed
1947
N
ank
ai
Srv
y.
Rep
. b
y t
he N
ank
ai-d
o
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Dec
. 2
1,
19
46
: K
agaw
a-ke
n an
d K
oh
chi-
ken
.
A-7
8 R
. S
him
izu
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
istr
icts
Dam
aged
19
47
Nan
kai
S
rvy
. R
ep.
• b
y th
e N
ank
ai-d
o E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
21
, tv
1
94
6:
Nak
amu
ra-c
ho
. U
1 tv •
A-7
9 T
akam
atsu
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
istr
icts
Dam
aged
19
47
Nan
kai
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Mete
oro
log
ical
by
th
e N
ank
ai-d
o E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
21
, O
bse
rvat
ory
1
94
6:
The
Sh
iko
ku
Dis
tric
t.
A-8
0 C
en
tral
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
istr
icts
Dam
aged
19
47
Nan
kai
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Mete
oro
log
ical
by
th
e N
ank
ai-d
o E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
21
, O
bse
rvat
ory
1
94
6:
Bis
ast
er
in
the C
huhb
u D
istr
ict.
A-8
1 H
iro
shim
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed
1947
N
ank
ai
Srv
y.
Rep
. M
ete
oro
log
ical
by
th
e N
ank
ai-d
o E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
21
, O
bse
rvat
ory
1
94
6:
Dis
ast
er
in
the C
hugo
ku D
istr
ict.
A-8
2 H
. H
onda
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed
1947
N
ank
ai
Srv
y.
Rep
. b
y t
he N
ank
ai-d
o E
arth
qu
ake,
D
ec.
21
, 1
94
6:
The
K
yush
u D
istr
ict.
A-8
3 S
urv
ey
Rep
ort
on
the D
istr
icts
Dam
aged
19
47
Nan
kai
S
rvy
. R
ep.
by
th
e
Nan
kai
-do
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Dec
. 2
1,
19
46
: T
he K
yush
u D
istr
ict.
A-8
4 M
. M
ori
ta
Vis
itati
on
of
Tsu
nam
i an
d
the
Co
rres-
1947
N
ank
ai
Srv
y.
po
nd
ing
Ev
acu
atio
n o
f R
esi
den
ts.
Rep
.
I tv
U1 w I
No.
A-8
5
A-8
6
A-8
7
A-8
8
A-8
9
A-9
0
A-9
l
A-9
2
A-9
3
A-9
4
A-9
5
Au
tho
r T
itle
Rep
ort
on
th
e O
cean
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
47
N
ank
ai
Ocn
. E
qk
e.
No
tes
REP
OR
TS
ON
THE
GRE
AT
NA
NK
AI
EART
HQ
UA
KE
DIS
AST
ER
, K
oh
chi-
ken
K.
Kan
ai
H.
Kaw
asum
i
T.
Min
akam
i
T.
Hag
iwar
a
S.
Miy
amur
a
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
K.
Kan
ai
R.
Mor
imot
o
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
N.
Nas
u
Rep
ort
on
Bu
ild
ing
Dam
age
in K
oh
chi-
ken
b
y t
he N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake.
1
94
9
Nan
kai
Gro
und
Def
orm
atio
n,
Tsu
nam
i an
d S
eism
ic
19
49
N
ank
ai
Inte
nsi
ty F
oll
ow
ing
th
e N
ank
ai E
art
h-
qu
ake:
C
hara
cte
rist
ics
of
the
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Vib
rati
on
Pro
pert
y o
f th
e
Gro
und
in
Ko
hch
i-sh
iEst
imat
ed f
rom
th
e A
fters
ho
ck
M
oti
on
.
19
49
N
ank
ai
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
fters
ho
ck
s O
bse
rved
aft
er
19
49
N
ank
ai
the N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake.
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
ank
ai E
art
h
qu
ake
and
th
e G
roun
d in
Ko
hch
i-k
en.
19
49
N
ank
ai
Rest
ora
tio
n W
ork
of
Lan
d S
ub
sid
ence
an
d
19
49
N
ank
ai
Up
hea
val
by
th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e in
To
sa.
Resu
lt o
f S
eism
ic P
rosp
ecti
ng
at
Nakamura~cho,
Ko
hch
i-k
en.
Geo
log
ical
Map
o
f K
oh
chi-
ken
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Tsu
nam
i in
Su
zak
i-ch
o a
nd
S
hin
-usa
-ch
o,
Ko
hch
i-k
en.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Tsu
nam
i at
Tan
ezak
i an
d
His
afu
da,
K
och
i-k
en.
19
49
N
ank
ai
19
49
N
ank
ai
19
49
N
ank
ai
1949
N
ank
ai
Tsu
. D
am.
Gen
. T
sun
ami,
G
rnd
. D
ef.
Dam
age
Gro
und
Aft
erh
sock
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Gro
und
Dam
age
Su
b.
&
Uph
.
Gro
und
Geo
log
y
Geo
log
y
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
I N
U1 "'" I
No.
A-9
6
A-9
7
A-9
8
A-9
9
A-l
Oa
A-I
OI
A-I
02
A-I
03
A-I
04
Au
tho
r
H.
Kaw
asum
i
K.
Kan
ai
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Geo
gra
ph
ical
S
urv
ey I
nst.
, M
.O.C
.
S.
Yam
aguc
hi
The
C
ham
ber
of
Com
mer
ce
and
In
du
stry
, K
och
ik
en.
T.
Nag
ata
K.
Hir
ao
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Sei
smic
In
ten
sity
an
d D
amag
e E
stim
ated
19
49
Nan
kai
fr
om
In
vest
igati
on
s o
f th
e N
ank
ai E
art
h-
qu
ake.
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
Resi
stan
t S
tru
ctu
re.
1949
N
ank
ai
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
reat
Nan
kai
-do
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1949
N
ank
ai
Rep
ort
on
Fir
st
Cla
ss
Lev
elin
g i
n t
he
Ko
hch
i D
istr
ict.
On
the F
ore
cast
ing
of
Ear
thq
uak
e O
ccu
rre
nce.
The
Gre
at E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
and
its
E
ffect
on
In
du
stry
of
Ko
hch
i-k
en.
1949
N
ank
ai
1949
N
ank
ai
1949
N
ank
ai
Dam
age
Ase
is.
Des
.
Gen
.
Lev
. &
T
ri.
Eq
ke.
S
gn
s.
Dam
age
No
tes
Oth
ers
Inte
rim
Rep
ort
on
Ear
thq
uak
es O
bse
rved
in
194
9 N
ank
ai
Mu
roto
-mac
hi
and
Ko
hch
i-sh
i,
Ko
hch
i-k
en.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Aft
ersh
ock
Inte
rim
Rep
ort
on
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f th
e
Aft
ersh
ock
s o
f th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake.
The
Nan
kai
Gre
at E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er.
1949
N
ank
ai
1949
N
ank
ai
Aft
ersh
ock
Gen
.
RESE
ARC
H
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E GR
OUND
M
OVEM
ENT
IN T
HE
SHIK
OK
U
DIS
TR
ICT
, S
pecia
lty
Res
earc
h C
omm
itte
e o
n th
e G
roun
d M
ovem
ent,
E
cono
mic
R
eco
nst
ructi
on
an
d
Dev
elop
emen
t C
omm
itte
e o
f S
hik
ok
u D
istr
ict.
A-l
OS
K
. S
agis
aka
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t in
th
e S
hik
ok
u D
istr
ict
1949
N
ank
ai
du
rin
g t
he H
isto
ric P
eri
od
(P
art
1).
C
rst.
M
vmt.
I IV
U1
U1 I
No
.
A-I
06
A-I
07
A-l
oa
A-1
09
A-1
10
A-l
ll
A-1
l2
A-l
13
A-1
l4
A-l
lS
A-1
l6
Au
tho
r
K.
Mat
sud
a
K.
Sasa
H.
Mom
ose
K.
Hay
ami
E.
Nis
him
ura
S.
Yo
shik
awa
H.
Kaw
azu
mi
F.
Kis
hin
ou
e
T.
Nag
ata
R.
Mo
rim
oto
N.
Nas
u
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Inv
esti
gati
on
R
ep
ort
o
n S
ub
sid
en
ce in
1
94
9
Nan
kai
Nii
ham
a P
ort
an
d Its
Vic
init
y.
Rep
ort
o
n th
e
Dam
age
du
e
to S
alt
C
on
tam
-1
94
9
Nan
kai
inati
on
in
T
ok
ush
ima-k
en
.
Salt
C
on
tam
inati
on
in
R
ice
Pad
die
s in
1
94
9
Nan
kai
the E
ast
Co
ast
o
f T
ok
ush
ima-k
en
.
Rep
ort
on
Salt
C
on
tam
inati
on
at
Kaw
ach
i-1
94
9
Nan
kai
mu
ra,
Itan
o-g
un
, T
ok
ush
ima-k
en
.
Cru
sta
l M
ov
emen
t O
bse
rved
fa
r b
en
eath
th
e
Gro
un
d
(Part
1).
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Gro
un
d in
N
iih
am
a-s
hi.
19
49
N
an
kai
19
49
N
an
kai
Rep
ort
o
n G
rou
nd
Mo
vem
ent
in th
e S
hik
ok
u
19
49
N
an
kai
Dis
tric
t In
ferr
ed
fr
om
T
idal
Ob
serv
ati
on
R
eco
rds
(Part
1
).
Rep
ort
o
n
Gro
un
d M
ov
emen
t in
th
e
Sh
iko
ku
1
94
9
Nan
kai
Dis
tric
t:
Inte
rim
R
ep
ort
o
n th
e F
irst
Inv
esti
gati
on
of
Ko
hch
i-k
en
.
Cru
sta
l M
ov
emen
t in
th
e
Sh
iko
ku
D
istr
ict:
1
94
9
Nan
kai
Stu
dy
on
th
e C
rusta
l M
ov
emen
t aro
un
d
Mu
roto
-mis
ak
i.
Inte
rim
R
ep
ort
o
n th
e R
ela
tio
nsh
ip
19
49
N
an
kai
betw
een
th
e M
ov
emen
t o
f th
e
Ben
ch M
ark
s an
d G
eo
lgic
al
Featu
res in
th
e
Sh
iko
ku
D
istr
ict.
Gen
era
l R
ep
ort
o
n
the In
vesti
gati
on
of
19
49
N
an
kai
the
Defo
rmati
on
o
f T
op
og
rap
hy
in
th
e
Sh
iko
ku
D
istr
ict:
S
urv
ey
o
f th
e
Sea
S
ho
re.
Su
b.
& U
ph
.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Gro
un
d
Tid
al
Ch
ge.
C
rst.
M
vrnt
.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Geo
log
y
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
I '" \Jl (jI I
No.
A-1
l7
A-1
l8
A-1
l9
A-1
20
A-1
2l
A-1
22
A-1
23
A-1
24
A-1
25
A-1
26
A-1
27
A-1
28
A-1
29
Au
tho
r
R.
Tak
ahas
hi.
T.
Mat
suza
wa
M.
Nar
uo
ka
M.
Fuk
uoka
S.
Mat
sush
ita
E.
Nis
him
ura
E.
Nis
him
ura
T.
Nag
ata
M.
Nar
uoka
M.
Mo
riy
osh
i
T.
Hag
iwar
a
H.
Mom
ose
H.
Mom
ose
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Ten
eta
tiv
e R
epo
rt:
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f G
roun
d 19
49
Nan
kai
S
ub
sid
ence
.
Rep
ort
on
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f a
Sm
all
Eart
h
qu
ake.
Lev
elin
g o
f K
oh
chi-
shi
(Part
1).
1949
N
ank
ai
1949
N
ank
ai
Rep
ort
on
Salt
Co
nta
min
atio
n at
Kaw
auch
i-19
49
Nan
kai
m
ura
, It
an
o-g
un
, T
6k
ush
ima-
ken
.
Geo
log
ical
Stu
dy
on
Gro
und
Mov
emen
t in
19
49
Nan
kai
th
e S
hik
ok
u D
istr
ict.
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t O
bse
rved
far
ben
eath
th
e
1949
N
ank
ai
Gro
und
(Part
2).
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t O
bse
rved
far
ben
eath
th
e 1
949
Nan
kai
G
roun
d (P
art
3).
Rep
ort
on
Pre
cis
e L
evel
ing
aro
un
d M
uro
to-
1949
N
ank
ai
mis
ak
i:
Inv
est
igati
on
of
Su
bsi
den
ce i
n
the S
hik
ok
u D
istr
ict.
Lev
elin
g o
f K
oh
chi-
shi
(Part
2).
Lev
elin
g i
n a
nd
aro
un
d T
ok
ush
ima-
shi.
Cru
stal
Mov
emen
t O
bse
rved
in
Mat
suya
ma
sh
i.
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
roun
d in
To
ku
shim
a-sh
i.
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
roun
d at
Kaw
ach
i-m
ura
, T
ok
ush
ima-
ken
.
1949
N
ank
ai
1949
N
ank
ai
1949
N
ank
ai
1949
N
ank
ai
1949
N
ank
ai
Su
b.
&
Uph
.
Sm..
Eq
ke.
Lav
. &.
Tri
.
Dam
age
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. G
eolo
gy
Crs
t. 'M
vmt.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vmt.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Gro
und
Gro
und
I IV
lJ1
-..J I
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
A-l
30
R
. T
akah
ash
i G
rou
nd
Mov
emen
t in
th
e S
hik
ok
u D
istr
ict
19
50
N
ank
ai
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. in
19
49
.
A-1
3l
K.
Hay
ami
Rep
ort
on
Salt
Co
nta
min
atio
n a
t K
awau
chi-
19
50
N
ank
ai
Grn
d.
Wtr
. D
amag
e m
ura
, lt
an
o-g
un
, T
ok
ush
ima-
ken
(P
art
2
: C
hang
e in
CR
asta
l G
roun
d W
ater
L
evel
F
oll
ow
ing
Su
bsi
den
ce
and
Salt
Co
nta
min
atio
n}
.
A-l
32
R
. T
akah
ash
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he P
recis
e L
ev
eli
ng
in
th
e
19
50
N
ank
ai
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vmt.
Tak
anaw
a P
en
insu
la,
Eh
ime-
ken
.
A-l
33
H
. K
awas
umi
Rep
ort
on
Gro
un
d M
0vem
ent
in t
he
Sh
iko
ku
19
50
Nan
kai
T
dl.
C
hg
e.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. D
istr
ict
Infe
rred
fro
m T
idal
Ob
serv
ati
on
R
eco
rds
(Part
2
).
A-1
34
G
eo
gra
ph
ical
Rep
ort
on
Fir
st
Cla
ss
Lev
eli
ng
aft
er
the
19
50
N
ank
ai
Lev
. &
Tri
. S
urv
ey ln
st.
N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake.
(P
art
1).
A-l
35
S
pec
. R
esea
rch
R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g
fro
m t
he
19
50
N
ank
ai
Gro
un
d
Dam
age
Com
. o
n G
rou
nd
G
roun
d M
ovem
ent
Mov
emen
t
A-1
36
S
pec
. R
esea
rch
S
chem
atic
Rep
rese
nta
tio
n o
f th
e
Dam
age
1950
N
ank
ai
Gro
un
d
Dam
age
Com
o
n G
rou
nd
d
ue
to th
e G
roun
d M
ovem
ent
Mov
emen
t
A-1
37
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
isast
er
and
:.th
e C
urr
en
t 1
95
0
Nan
kai
D
amag
e S
tate
of
its
Rep
air
Wor
k.
PRO
MPT
R
EPO
RT
ON
THE
FUK
UI
EART
HQ
UA
KE
OF
19
48
, S
pecia
l R
esea
rch
Co
mm
itte
e o
n t
he F
uk
ui
Eart
hq
uak
e,
the
Jap
an S
cie
nce C
ou
nci
l
A-l
38
H
. K
awas
umi
A-1
39
T.
Hir
on
o
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he F
uk
ui
Eart
hq
uak
e.
The
F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e R
eco
rded
by
S
eism
og
rap
hs.
1949
F
uk
ui
Gen
.
1949
F
uk
ui
Ex
p.
Mea
s.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
A-1
40
Y.
Kos
hika
wa
The
Sei
smo
gra
ph
ic
Rec
ord
s o
f 19
49
Fu
ku
i E
xp.
Mea
s.
the F
uk
ui
Ear
tlh
qu
ake.
A-1
41
S.
Orn
ote
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f A
fter
sho
cks
of
the F
uk
ui
1949
F
uk
ui
Aft
ersh
ock
E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
1).
A-1
42
T.
Tan
aka
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f M
icro
-tre
mo
rs a
t A
shiw
ara·
194
9 F
uk
ui
Sm
. E
qk
e.
cho
, F
uk
ui-
ken
.
A-1
43
S.
Asa
da
Ver
y S
mal
l A
fter
sho
cks
of
the F
uk
ui
1949
F
uk
ui
Aft
ersh
ock
E
arth
qu
ake.
A-1
44
Y.
Sato
D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f th
e S
eism
ic I
nte
nsi
ty d
ue
1949
F
uk
ui
C.R
. C
ol.
O
ther
s to
th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e on
th
e b
asi
s o
f
• a
Mai
l P
oll
• !\
.)
U'1
00
A-1
4S
K.
Sag
isak
a In
vest
igati
on
on
th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
49
Fu
ku
i G
en •
• th
rou
gh
Pers
on
al
Ex
per
ien
ces.
A-1
46
H.
Hon
da
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
o
n t
he
Are
a S
hak
en b
y t
he
1949
F
uk
ui
Srv
y.
Rep
. F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
A-1
47
S.
Su
ehir
o
Pro
mp
t S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on
th
e F
uk
ui
Eart
h-
1949
F
uk
ui
Srv
y.
Rep
. q
uak
e.
A-1
48
T.
Mat
sud
a G
ener
al
Rep
ort
on
th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1949
F
uk
ui
Gen
.
A-1
49
N.
Miy
abe
Inv
est
igati
on
on
th
e D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f th
e
1949
F
uk
ui
Fau
lt
Gro
und,
C
rack
C
rack
s in
th
e G
roun
d C
ause
d b
y th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
A-I
SO
Y
. K
ato
G
roun
d C
rack
s C
ause
d b
y th
e F
uk
ui
Eart
h-
1949
F
uk
ui
Fau
lt
Gro
und,
C
rack
q
uak
e an
d t
he M
odel
E
xp
erim
ents
.
A-l
SI
T.
Nac
rata
M
ovem
ent
of
Lev
elin
g L
ine
bet
wee
n F
uk
ui-
1949
F
uk
ui
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
shi
and
Dais
ho
hji
Fo
llo
win
g t
he F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
I N
U1 ~
I
No.
A-1
52
A-1
53
A-1
54
"P.-
155
A-1
56
A-1
57
A-1
58
A-1
59
A-1
60
A-1
6l
A-1
62
A-1
63
Au
tho
r
Geo
gra
ph
ical
Su
rvey
ln
st.
K.
Hir
an
o
T.
Hag
iwara
I.
Oza
wa
K.
Mu
to
N.
Nas
u
N.
Nas
u
N.
Mo
roo
ka
S.
Nak
amu
ra
S.
San
o
T.
Yum
ura
Y.
Kat
o
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ot.
es
vert
ical
Mo
vem
ent
of
Fir
st
Cla
ss B
ench
1
94
9
Fu
ku
i M
ark
s R
esu
ltin
g
fro
m th
e
Fu
ku
i E
art
hq
uak
e.
Lev
eli
ng
alo
ng
th
e
Kat
suy
ama
Ro
ad,
19
49
F
uk
ui
Fu
ku
i-k
en
.
Ob
serv
ati
on
of
the
Til
t C
han
ge
as w
ell
as th
e E
xp
an
sio
n
an
d C
on
tracti
on
o
f th
e
Gro
un
d at
Ho
ku
go
-mu
ra,
Fu
ku
i-k
en
.
Cru
sta
l M
ov
emen
t O
bse
rved
befo
re
an
d
afte
r th
e F
uk
ui
Eart
hq
uak
e,
an
d it
s
Aft
ers
ho
ck
s.
Ou
tlin
e o
f th
e S
imp
lifi
ed
Tri
an
gu
lati
on
in
th
e
Ech
izen
P
lain
.
19
49
F
uk
ui
19
49
F
uk
ui
19
49
F
uk
ui
On
the F
au
lts F
oll
ow
ing
th
e F
uk
ui
Eart
h-
19
49
F
uk
ui
qu
ak
e.
Lev
eli
ng
in
th
e
Ech
izen
P
lain
. 1
94
9
Fu
ku
i
Gen
era
l R
ep
ort
o
n th
e In
vesti
gati
on
o
f 1
94
9
Fu
ku
i th
e S
ea S
urf
ace in
th
e
Are
a
Sh
aken
b
y
the
Fu
ku
i E
art
hq
uak
e.
Eart
h M
agn
etis
m O
bse
rved
alo
ng
th
e
Dis
-1
94
9
Fu
ku
i tr
icts
b
etw
een
Fu
ku
i an
d N
iig
ata
(P
art
1
).
Eart
h M
agn
etis
m O
bse
rved
du
rin
g th
e
Fu
ku
i E
art
hq
uak
e.
Inv
esti
gati
on
of
the F
uk
ui
Eart
hq
uak
e
Base
d o
n th
e O
bse
rvati
on
o
f th
e E
art
h's
M
agn
etis
m.
On
the
Ch
ang
e in
th
e
Dip
o
f th
e
Geo
mag
n
eti
sm d
ue to
th
e F
uk
ui
Eart
hq
uak
e.
19
49
F
uk
ui
19
49
F
uk
ui
19
49
F
uk
ui
Su
b.
&
Up
h.
Lev
. &
T
ri.
Til
t E
xp
. &
Co
nt.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Aft
ers
ho
ck
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vrnt
.
Fau
lt
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Tid
al
Ch
ge.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
I N
0'
o I
No.
A-1
64
A-1
65
A-1
66
A-1
67
A-1
6B
A-1
69
A-1
70
A-l
7l
A-l
72
A-l
73
A-1
74
Au
tho
r
E.
Nis
him
ura
K.
Hir
ao
Y.
Kat
o
Y.
Kat
o
D.
Sh
imo
zuru
S.
Mat
sub
ara
I.
Mu
rai
T.
Min
akam
i
S.
Nak
amur
a
N.
Miy
abe
K.
Kan
ai
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Gro
und
Mov
emen
t an
d G
eom
agn
etic
C
hang
e 19
49
Fu
ku
i in
an
d a
rou
nd
Fu
ku
i aft
er
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Cha
nge
in
the E
art
h's
C
urr
en
t aft
er
1949
F
uk
ui
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
the G
eo
po
ten
tial
Dif
fer-
1949
F
uk
ui
ence
aro
un
d t
he E
pic
en
ter
of
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Vari
ati
on
of
the E
art
h's
Cu
rren
t d
ue
to
1949
F
uk
ui
the A
fter
sho
cks
of
the F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
On
the C
hang
e in
th
e G
roun
d W
ater
Lev
el
in t
he F
uk
ui
Dis
tric
t d
ue
to t
he F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Cha
nge
in
the G
roun
d W
ater
Lev
el d
ue
to t
he F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Geo
log
ical
Str
uctu
res
aro
un
d S
akai
-gu
n
and
En
sho
-gu
n,
Fu
ku
i-k
en.
Dif
fere
nce in
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
ns
Dep
end
ing
on
th
e G
roun
d o
f D
iffe
ren
t C
hara
cte
rist
ics
in t
he S
ou
ther
n P
art
of
Fu
ku
i-sh
i.
Gra
vit
y W
ave
Phe
nom
ena
in t
he F
uk
ui
Pla
in.
Mea
sure
men
t o
f S
train
s o
f H
ouse
s R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Mo
tio
n.
Rep
ort
on
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e to
Woo
den
Bu
ild
ing
s.
1949
F
uk
ui
1949
F
uk
ui
1949
F
uk
ui
1949
F
uk
ui
1949
F
uk
ui
1949
F
uk
ui
1949
F
uk
ui
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. C
ur.
&
Mag
.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Aft
ersh
ock
Grn
d.
Wtr
.
Grn
d.
Wtr
.
Geo
log
y
Gro
und
Oth
ers
Gra
vit
y
Bu
il·
vib
.
Bu
il.
vib
.
I !\.J
(j
) .....
I
No.
A
uth
or
A-1
75
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
Tit
le
A F
ew A
spec
ts o
f D
amag
es to
Rai
lway
s
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
49
F
uk
ui
Pu
bl.
D
am.
THE
FUK
UI
EART
HQ
UA
KE
OF
JUN
E 2
8,
19
48
: R
EPO
RT
OF
THE
SPE
CIA
L
COM
MIT
TEE
FOR
TH
E ST
UD
Y
OF
THE
FUK
UI
EART
HQ
UA
KE.
ed
. b
y H
. T
suy
a,
Sp
ecia
l C
omm
itte
e fo
r th
e S
tud
y o
f th
e F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e.
*A-1
76
H.
Kaw
asum
i C
hap
ter
I.
Gen
eral
D
esc
rip
tio
n.
1950
F
uk
ui
Gen
.
*A
-l7
7
W.
Ino
ue
Ch
apte
r II
. S
eism
om
etri
cal
Featu
res.
19
50
Fu
ku
i _,
E
xp
. M
eas.
*A-1
78
S.
Orn
ote
Ch
apte
r II
I.
Aft
ersh
Ock
s.
1950
F
uk
ui
Aft
ers
ho
ck
*A-1
79
T.
Min
akam
i C
hap
ter
IV.
Nat
ure
of
Ear
thq
uak
e M
oti
on
s 19
50
Fu
ku
i G
en.
on
Var
iou
s G
eolo
gic
al F
orm
atio
ns.
*A-1
80
N.
Nas
u C
hap
ter
V.
Cru
stal
Def
orm
atio
ns.
1
95
0
Fu
ku
i C
rst.
M
vmt.
*A-1
81
N.
Miy
abe
r"ap
ter
VI.
M
acro
seis
mic
Featu
res.
1
95
0
Fu
ku
i Sm
. E
qk
e.
*A-1
82
Y.
Kat
o
Ch
apte
r V
II.
Ele
ctr
ic a
nd
Mag
net
ic
1950
F
uk
ui
Cu
r.
& M
ag.
Featu
res.
*A-1
83
K.
Kan
ai
Ch
apte
r V
III.
D
amag
e to
Bu
ild
ing
s an
d
1950
F
uk
ui
Bu
il.
Dam
. C
ivil
En
gin
eeri
ng
Str
uctu
res.
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E TO
KA
CH
I-O
KI
EART
HQ
UA
KE
OF
MAY
4
, 1
95
2,
Res
earc
h C
om
mit
tee
on
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e
*A-1
84
U.
Ino
ue
Gen
eral
Desc
rip
tio
n.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Gen
.
*A-1
85
Seis
mo
log
ical
Sei
smo
met
rica
l O
bse
rvat
ion
s o
f th
e
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry.
*A-1
86
Seis
mo
log
ical
Sum
mar
y o
f A
fters
ho
ck
s.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Aft
e;s
ho
ck
D
ep
t.,
C.M
.O.
*A-1
87
Seis
mo
log
ical
Sum
mar
y o
f D
amag
e.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
Dep
t.
C.M
.O.
No
tes
I I\)
0'1
I\) I
No.
*A-1
88
*A-1
89
*A-1
90
*A-1
91
*A-1
92
*A-1
93
*A-1
94
A-1
95
*A-1
96
*A-1
97
*A-1
98
*A-1
99
Au
tho
r
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
M
et.
Obs
erve
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bser
ve
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
K.
Mus
ha
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
K.
Kim
ura
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
M
et.
Obs
erve
Sap
po
rt D
ist.
M
et.
Obs
erve
Dep
t.
of
Geo
. &
Min
eral
og
y,
Ho
kk
aid
o U
niv
.
Geo
gra
ph
ical
S
urv
ey I
nst.
Mar
i tim
e S
afe
ty
Bu
reau
T.
Fu
ku
tom
i
Tit
le
Rep
ort
of
the F
ield
In
vest
igati
on
. (P
ort
of
Ho
kk
aid
o).
Rep
ort
of
the F
ield
In
vest
igati
on
. (E
ach
co
ast
of
Toh
oku
dis
tric
t).
Tsu
nam
i.
Ear
thq
uak
e A
cti
vit
y i
n H
ok
kai
do
.
Rec
ent
Ear
thq
uak
e A
cti
vit
y i
n t
he
Vic
init
y o
f H
ok
kai
do
.
Incre
ase
of
Flo
w i
n t
he Is
hik
ari
R
iver.
Mo
nth
ly N
umbe
r o
f E
arth
qu
akes
in
H
ok
kai
do
.
Rep
ort
of
the I
nv
est
igati
on
of
Geo
p
hy
sical
Phe
nom
ena,
V
olc
ano
s an
d H
ot
Sp
rin
gs
befo
re a
nd
aft
er
the T
ok
ach
i E
arth
qu
ake.
Rep
ort
s o
n th
e G
eolo
gic
al O
bse
rvat
ion
s in
th
e A
reas
D
amag
ed b
y t
he T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f M
arch
4,
19
52
.
Resu
lt o
f th
e F
irst
Ord
er L
evel
ing
aft
er
the T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Ob
serv
atio
ns
on
th
e P
heno
men
a C
ause
d b
y
the T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Oth
ers
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eq
ke.
A
ct.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Vo
lcan
o
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Geo
log
y
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Lev
. &
Tri
.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i
On
the M
axim
um A
ccele
rati
on
s o
f th
e
Dis
-19
54
To
kac
hi-
ok
i O
ther
s ast
rou
s O
ff-T
ok
ach
i E
arth
qu
ake
(Mar
. 4
, 19
52)
as
Est
imat
ed f
rom
th
e O
Ver
turn
ing
o
f T
om
bst
on
es,
and
on
Rem
ark
able
C
rack
s in
th
e S
tro
ng
ly S
hak
en A
rea .
•
No
tes
Grn
d.
Wtr
. E
qk
e.
Act
.
Vo
lcan
o
No
. A
uth
or
*A
-20
0
Y.
Sasa
*A
-20
l Y
. S
asa
*A
-20
2
K.
Ku
sum
ok
i
*A
-20
3
Y.
Miz
ug
uch
i
I *
A-2
04
T
. F
uk
uto
mi
N en
w I
*A
-20
5
M.
Ku
rata
*A
-20
6
K.
Man
ai
*A
-20
7
K.
Oh
tsu
bo
*A
-20
8
Y.
Mas
him
a
*A
-20
9
T.
Kon
*A
-2l0
N
. M
aed
a
*A
-2ll
T
. S
ak
ai
*A
-21
2
T.
Hay
ash
i
Tit
le
Th
e N
iik
ap
pu
Mud
V
olc
an
o
an
d th
eir
C
han
ges
du
e to
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eart
h
qu
ak
e,
19
52
.
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
19
54
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Vo
lcan
o
No
tes
Grn
d.
Def.
Lan
dsli
de o
f a
Min
e D
ump
of
Haru
tori
1
95
4
To
kach
i-o
ki
Mt.
L
nd
sld
e.
Co
alm
ine
cau
sed
by
th
e
To
kach
i-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e,
19
52
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
urv
ey
of
the
Tsu
nam
i in
1
95
4
To
ak
ch
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i H
ok
kaid
o
Acc
om
pan
yin
g th
e T
ok
ach
i E
art
h-
qu
ak
e.
Stu
dy
on
"T
sun
am
i".
19
54
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i
Eff
ects
u
po
n th
e
Gro
un
d W
ate
r an
d th
e
19
54
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Grn
d.
Wtr
. H
ot
Sp
rin
gs.
On
the
Dam
ages
to
Ro
ads
by
th
e
To
kach
i-1
95
4
To
kach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
ok
i E
art
hq
uak
e.
Dam
ages
to
R
ail
road
Lin
es.
19
54
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Dam
ages
Inf1~cted u
po
n R
ivers
an
d
Lev
ees
19
54
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
at
the
Tim
e o
f th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Eart
hq
uak
e
Dam
ages
to
H
arb
or
Wo
rks
in
19
54
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Ho
kk
aid
o.
On
th
e
Dam
age
to B
rid
ge S
tru
ctu
res
du
e to
1
95
4
To
kach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
To
kach
i-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e,
Mar
ch 4
, 1
95
2.
Th
e D
amag
e to
Co
ncre
te S
tru
ctu
res
Cau
sed
1
95
4 Tokachi~oki
Dam
age
by
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e.
On
the
Dam
age
to
the F
od
der
Sto
rag
e S
ilo
s.1
95
4
To
kach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
Eart
hq
uak
e
Dam
ages
to
W
ate
r W
ork
s an
d th
e
19
54
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Sew
era
ge S
yst
em
in
H
ok
kaid
o.
I N m
~
I
No.
*A
-2l3
A-2
l4
A-2
l5
A-2
l6
A-2
l7
A-2
l8
A-2
l9
*A-2
20
*A
-22
l
*A-2
22
*A-2
23
*A-2
24
*A-2
25
Au
tho
r
Civ
il E
ng.
Res
. In
st.
H
ok
kai
do
n
ev
el.
B
ure
au
T.S
asa
ki
1.
Miy
agaw
a
J.
Yo
shid
a
G.
Ud
ai
K.
Oka
mot
o
K.
Fu
ruy
a
K.
Tak
agi
M.
Yo
ko
ta
T.
Nis
hi
K.
Ohn
o
T.
Och
ifu
ji
Hok
kaid
o D
evel
. B
ure
au
Tit
le
Dam
age
to C
ivil
Ean
gin
eeri
ng
Str
uctu
res
due
to th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Geo
log
ical
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ics
in t
he S
tro
ng
19
54
To
kac
hi-
ok
i G
eolo
gy
E
arth
qu
ake
Are
a.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
age
to t
he E
mba
nkm
ent
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
of
the O
hmu
Riv
eL
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
Em
bank
men
ts
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
of
the T
ok
ach
i-g
awa
and
Rib
etsu
-gaw
a.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
th
e E
mba
nkm
ent
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
of
the S
hin
ku
shir
o R
iver
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
age
to B
rid
ges.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
Ku
shir
o P
ort
.
Ch
emic
al In
vest
igati
on
of
the D
rin
kin
g
Wat
er
Eff
ecte
d b
y t
he T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Oth
ers
The
E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
to
Rei
nfo
rced
Con
-19
54
To
kac
hi-
ok
i B
uil
Dam
. cre
te
and
Ste
el
Sk
elet
on
Str
uctu
res.
On
the
Dam
age
to M
ason
ry C
on
stru
cti
on
19
54
To
akch
i-o
ki
Bu
il.
Dam
. B
uil
din
gs.
The
D
amag
e to
Woo
den
Hou
ses
by
th
e
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Bu
il.
Dam
. T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dam
age
to W
oode
n S
cho
ol-
ho
use
s b
y t
he
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Bu
il.
Dam
. T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dam
age
to G
eov
ern
men
t O
ffic
e B
uil
din
gs.
19
54
To
kac
hi-
ok
i B
uil
. D
am.
No
tes
Grn
d.
Wtr
.
I tv
0'
U1 I
No.
*A-2
26
*A-2
27
*A-2
28
Au
tho
r T
itle
Co
nst
. &
Mai
nt.
D
amag
e to
th
e B
uil
din
gs
un
der
th
e
Dep
t.,
Bu
il.
Sec
.Man
agem
ent
of
J.N
.R.
Sap
po
ro O
per
ate
Div
.,
J.N
.R.
T.
Mat
sum
oto
On
Asp
ects
of
the D
amag
e to
Ele
ctr
ical
Eq
uip
men
t ca
use
d b
y t
he T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
S.
Go
nd
aira
E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
ages
to
Far
mla
nd
an
d
Fis
heri
es.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Bu
il.
Dam
.
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
1954
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
PRO
MPT
SU
RVEY
R
EPO
RT
ON T
HE
CH
ILEA
N T
SUN
AM
I, M
AY
24
, 1
96
0,
Join
t R
esea
rch
CO
IllI
llitte
e o
n t
he·
Ch
ilea
n T
suna
mi
A-2
29
T.
Hato
ri
A-2
30
T.
Su
zuk
i
A-2
31
A.
Tak
agi
A-2
32
H.
Kaw
asum
i
A-2
33
K.
Iid
a
A-2
34
K.
Hay
aroi
A-2
35
D
. S
him
ozu
ru
Mea
suri
ng
rMet
ho
d a
nd
Sta
nd
ard
s o
f T
idal
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
Wav
e H
eig
ht.
Map
o
f th
e T
suna
mi
Wav
e H
eig
ht
Dis
trib
u-
1960
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
tip
n:
Ho
kk
aid
o.
Map
o
f th
e T
suna
mi
Wav
e H
eig
ht
Dis
trib
u-
1960
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
tio
n:
Fro
m A
omor
i to
Miy
agi.
Map
o
f th
e T
suna
mi
Wav
e H
eig
ht
Dis
trib
u-
1960
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
tio
n:
Fro
m H
okka
ido
to S
hiz
uo
ka.
Map
o
f the~Tsunami
Wav
e H
eig
ht
Dis
trib
u-
1960
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
tio
n:
Fro
m S
hiz
uo
ka
to W
akay
ama.
Map
o
f th
e T
suna
mi
Wav
e H
eig
ht
Dis
trib
u-
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i ti
on
: T
he
Kin
ki
and
th
e S
hik
ok
u D
istr
icts
.
Map
o
f th
e
Tsu
nam
i W
ave
Hei
gh
t Distrib~-
1960
C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i ti
on
: K
yush
u.
No
tes
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
A-2
36
T.
Mur
ase
Map
o
f th
e D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f A
rriv
al
Tim
e 19
60
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i o
f th
e H
igh
est
Tsu
nam
i l'l
7ave
.
A-2
37
T.
Su
zuk
i In
vest
igati
on
Tab
le o
f th
e T
sun
ami.
19
60
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i
A-2
38
T.
Su
zuk
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e S
ite D
amag
ed b
y t
he
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m H
abom
ai to
S
ak
ak
ibara
.
A-2
39
M.
Kiy
ono
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the S
ite D
amag
ed b
y t
he
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m N
oss
ap t
o K
ushiro~
A-2
40
T.
Mur
ase
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ite D
amag
ed b
y t
he
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Ku
shir
o P
ort
to
Ham
aohg
i.
A-2
41
T.
Fu
jik
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n
the S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e 1
960
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
• N C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m H
iro
o t
o E
rim
o an
d
(j\
Ohm
u-ga
wa.
(j
\ • A
-242
M
. K
ashi
wam
ura
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ite D
amag
ed b
y t
he
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m T
omak
amai
to
O
hsh
ima-
Su
nah
ara.
A-2
43
K.
Oh
tan
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n
the S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e 1
960
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m S
hik
abe
to E
sash
i.
A-2
44
J.
Su
zuk
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n
the S
ites
Dam
aged
by
the
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m A
omor
i to
Miy
agi.
A-2
45
H.
Kaw
asum
i S
urv
ey R
epo.
rt o
n th
e S
ites
Dam
aged
by
.th
e 19
60
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
Ch
ilea
n T
sun
ami:
F
rom
Oh
fun
ato
to
S
hiz
ug
awa.
A-2
46
H.
Miy
osh
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
. T
suna
mi:
H
ok
kai
do
.
A-2
47
M.
Miy
azak
i S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on t
he S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m th
e W
est
Co
ast
of
the S
him
ok
ita
Pen
insu
la to
Aom
ori.
}
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
A-2
48
R.
Sato
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n
the S
ites D
amag
ed
by
th
e
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m I
way
a to
S
hir
yaz
ak;i
an
d Y
agi.
A-2
49
M.
Tom
inag
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n
the S
ites D
amag
ed b
y t
he 1
96
0
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m K
uji
to
Orn
oto.
A-2
50
S.
Uno
ki
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the S
ites D
amag
ed b
y t
he 1
96
0
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m T
aoi
to F
un
ako
shi,
an
d T
sug
aru
.
A-2
51
S.
Orn
ote
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ites D
amag
ed b
y t
he 1
96
0
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m O
hts
uch
i to
Yo
shi-
ham
a.
A-2
52
T.
Mom
oi
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. I
Ch
ilean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m E
kk
irai
to
tv
Kad
onoh
ama.
(1
\ -.
J I
A-2
53
K.
Kas
ahar
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on t
he S
ites D
amag
ed b
y t
he 1
96
0
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m O
hno
to K
esen
uma.
A-2
54
K.
Hir
ano
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on t
he S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m O
hta
ni
to
Sh
izu
gaw
a an
d O
rnae
ham
a.
A-2
55
I.
Aid
a S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on t
he S
ites D
amag
ed b
y t
he
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m O
naga
wa
to
Ish
ino
mak
e.
A-2
56
T.
Hato
ri
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ite
Dam
aged
by
th
e
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m M
atsu
shim
a to
N
akam
inat
o.
A-2
57
R.
Yam
aguc
hi
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ite
Dam
aged
by
th
e
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Boh
so P
en
insu
la.
A-2
58
T.
Ter
amo
to
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ite r
amag
ed b
y t
he
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m M
iura
Pen
insu
la t
o
Ham
amat
su
I !\J
C\
ex>
I
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
A-2
59
T.
Hato
ri
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
o
n t
he S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e 1
960
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
Ch
ilea
n T
sun
ami:
H
ach
ijo
jim
a.
A-2
60
K.
Iid
a
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e 1
960
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
Ch
ilea
n T
sun
ami:
F
rom
Sh
izu
ok
a to
W
akay
ama.
A-2
6l
K.
Hay
ami
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e 1
960
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
Ch
ilea
n T
sun
ami:
K
ink
i an
d S
hik
ok
u.
A-2
62
D.
Sh
imo
zuru
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on
th
e S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Kyu
shu.
A-2
63
K.
Nit
ta
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Kam
aish
i,
Oh
fun
ato
an
d
Kes
enum
a.
A-2
64
K.
Ho
rik
awa
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
ites
Dam
aged
by
th
e 1
960
Ch
Hea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
Ch
ilea
n T
suna
mi:
M
iyag
i-k
en,
Iwat
e-k
en
and
Ao
mo
ri-k
en.
A-2
65
Rec
ord
of
Tid
al
Ob
serv
atio
n.
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
.
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E C
HIL
EAN
TS
UN
AM
I O
F M
AY
24
, 1
96
0,
AS
OBS
ERV
ED A
LONG
TH
E CO
AST
O
F JA
PAN
, C
omm
itte
e o
f F
ield
In
vest
igati
on
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i o
f 1
96
0.
*A-2
66
R.
Tak
ahas
hi
*A-2
67
T.
Hag
iwar
a
*A-2
68
K.
Tak
ano
A S
umm
ary
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i 19
61
Ch
ilea
n
of
May
1
96
0.
Sei
smo
log
ical
Dat
a o
f th
e C
hie
lan
Eart
h-
1961
C
hil
ean
q
uak
e in
19
60
.
Dra
win
g o
f R
efr
acti
on
Dia
gram
s an
d A
nal
y-
1961
C
hie
1an
sis
of
the C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i o
f M
ay
22
, 19
60 o
n a
T
err
estr
ial
Glo
be.
Gen
.
EX
p.
Mea
s.
Tsu
nam
i G
eop
hy
sica
l n
ote
s 15
(1
962)
C
oll
ect·
ed
Oce
ano
gr.
P
aper
s.
6.
I f\)
0\
\0
I
No.
*A-2
69
*A-2
70
*A-2
71
*A-2
72
*A-2
73
*A-2
74
*A-2
75
*A-2
76
*A-2
77
*A-2
78
*A-2
79
Au
tho
r
H.
Miy
osh
i
B.
Kaw
amur
a
Y.
Kat
o
S.
Tan
eda
K.
Nak
amur
a
K.
Kaji
ura
T.
Hato
ri
K.
Iid
a
M.
To
min
aga
H.
Hig
uch
i
K.
Ho
rik
awa
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
The
L
an
d-t
ied
Isl
an
d a
nd
T
idal
Est
ab
lish
-1
96
1
Ch
ilean
m
ents
-
Fo
r th
e P
eop
le o
f T
alca
hu
ano
D
is.
Pre
vo
T
su.
Dam
.
(Ch
ile)
-
On
the D
efo
rmat
ion
of
the
Sea
Bo
tto
m
in S
ome
Har
bo
rs in
th
e S
an
rik
u C
oas
t d
ue
to th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i.
19
61
C
hil
ean
The
C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i o
f M
ay
24
, 1
96
0
19
61
C
hie
lan
O
bse
rved
alo
ng
th
e S
an
rik
u C
oast
, Ja
pan
,
"Ch
ile T
sun
ami"
in
th
e
Oki
naw
a Is
lan
ds.
1
96
1
Ch
ilean
Tsu
nam
i F
ore
run
ners
O
bse
rved
in
th
e
Cas
e 1
96
1
Ch
ilean
o
f th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i o
f 1
96
0.
A N
ote
on
th
e P
art
ial
Refl
ecti
on
of
Lon
g 1
96
1
Ch
ilean
W
aves
P
ass
ing
th
rou
gh
a
Su
bm
arin
e.
On
the p
rop
ag
ati
on
of
the
Ch
ilean
T
suna
mi
of
19
60
in
th
e A
dja
cen
t S
ea o
f Ja
pan
.
On
the H
eig
ht
of
the C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i o
n
the P
acif
ic
Co
ast
of
Cen
tral
Jap
an a
nd
th
e E
ffect
of
Co
asts
o
n th
e
Tsu
nam
i,
part
icu
larl
y o
n th
e
Co
mp
aris
ion
bet
wee
n
the T
suna
mi
and
th
ose
th
at
Acc
om
pan
ied
th
e T
oh
nan
kai
an
d N
ank
aid
o E
art
hq
uak
es.
Sec
on
dar
y U
nd
ula
tio
ns
in M
iyak
o B
ay
Acc
ompa
nied
by
th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i.
19
61
C
hil
ean
19
61
C
hie
la
19
61
C
hil
ean
On
the
Cha
nge
of
Am
pli
tud
e o
f th
e C
hil
ean
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
in S
ak
ai
Ch
ann
el.
Tsu
nam
i P
heno
men
a in
th
e
Lig
ht
of
the
En
gin
eeri
ng
Vie
wp
oin
t.
19
61
C
hil
ean
Geo
log
y
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
*A-2
80
Arc
hit
ectu
ral
Gen
eral
Sta
te o
f th
e D
amag
e o
f B
uil
din
gs.
19
61
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i In
st.
o
f Ja
pan
*A
-28
l T
. H
ato
ri
On
the S
tan
dar
d o
f M
easu
rem
ents
an
d O
b-19
61
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i se
rvati
on
Tim
es '
of
the T
suna
mi
Heig
hts
.
*A-2
82
Map
S
how
ing
the D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f 19
61
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i In
un
dati
on
Hei
gh
ts.
*A-2
83
Map
S
how
ing
the A
rriv
al
Tim
e o
f th
e
1961
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
Max
imum
Wav
e.
A-2
84
T.
Su
zuk
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
suna
mi:
F
rom
Hab
omai
to
19
61
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
Sak
akib
ara
(Ho
kk
aid
o).
I A
-285
M
. K
iyon
o R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
suna
mi:
F
rom
No
ssap
to
19
61
Ch
ie1
an
Tsu
. R
ep.
'" -.J K
ush
iro
(H
okka
ido)
•
0 I
A-2
86
T.
Mur
ase
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi:
F
rom
Ku
shir
o
1961
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. H
arb
or
to H
amat
aiju
(H
ok
kai
do
).
A-2
87
T.
Fu
jik
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
suna
mi:
F
rom
Hir
oo
to
1
96
1
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
Eri
mo
and
Oum
ugaw
a (H
ok
kai
do
).
A-2
88
M.
Tak
ahas
hi
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi:
F
rom
Tom
akom
ai
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. to
Mur
oran
(H
okka
ido)
A-2
89
M.
Kas
hiw
amur
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
suna
mi:
F
rom
Dat
e-ch
o t
o
1961
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. O
sham
anbe
(H
okka
ido)
•
A-2
90
1.
Yak
uwa
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi:
F
rom
Oshm~nbe to
19
61
cni~.ean
Tsu
. R
ep.
to S
un
ahar
a (H
ok
kai
do
).
A-2
91
K.
Oh
tan
i R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
suna
mi:
F
rom
Sh
ikab
e to
19
61
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
Esa
shi
(Ho
kk
aid
o).
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
A-2
92
H.
Miy
osh
i R
ep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami:
H
ok
kai
do
. 1
96
1
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
.
A-2
93
J.
Iwai
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
eo1
oQ
ical
In
vest
igati
on
1
96
1
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. T
su.
Dam
. o
f th
e S
an
rik
u C
oast
al
Dis
tric
t D
amag
ed
by
th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m H
ach
ino
he
to
Sh
izu
gaw
a.
A-2
94
S
. U
no
ki
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami:
F
rom
Tsu
gar
u
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. P
en
insu
la to
Aom
ori
and
Aji
kaz
awa.
(A
om
ori
-ken
).
A-2
95
M
. M
iyaz
aki
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m S
him
ok
ita
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. P
en
insu
la to
Aom
ori
(Ao
mo
ri-k
en)
•
A-2
96
R
. S
ato
R
ep
ort
on
th
e
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m
Iway
a to
1
96
1
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. to
Sh
irio
zak
i an
d Y
agi
(Ao
mo
ri-k
en
and
I
Iwate
-ken
).
N
-...J
I-' I
A-2
97
M.
To
min
aga
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami;
F
rom
Ku
ji to
1
96
1
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. O
rnot
o (I
wat
e-k
en)
•
A-2
98
S
. U
no
ki
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami:
F
rom
Tao
i to
1
96
1
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. F
un
ako
shi
(Iw
ate-
ken
) •
A-2
99
S
. O
rnot
e R
epo
rt o
n th
e
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m O
hts
uch
i 1
96
1
Ch
ilean
T
slJ.
. R
ep.
to Y
osh
iham
a (I
wat
e-k
en)
.
A-3
00
T
. M
omoi
R
epo
rt o
n th
e T
sun
ami:
F
rom
E
kk
irai
to
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. K
adon
oham
a (I
wat
e-k
en)
.
A-3
0l
K.
Kas
ahar
a R
epo
rt
on
th
e T
sun
ami:
F
rom
Ohn
o to
1
96
1
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. K
esen
uma
(Iw
ate
-ken
an
d M
iyag
i-k
en)
•
A-3
02
K.
Hir
ano
R
epo
rt
on
th
e
Tsu
nam
i:
Fro
m O
hyah
ama,
1
96
1
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Rep
. O
hy
osh
i-ch
o to
Om
aeha
ma,
O
nag
awa-
mac
hi
(Miy
agi-
ken
) .
I !\)
'-l
!\)
I
No.
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
A-3
03
I.
Aid
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
sun
ami:
F
rom
Ona
gaw
a to
19
61
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
to I
shin
om
aki
(Miy
agi-
ken
).
A-3
04
T.
Hato
ri
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami:
F
rom
Mat
sush
ima
1961
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. to
Nak
amin
ato
(Miy
agi-
ken
, F
uk
ush
ima-
ken
an
d Ib
ara
gi-
ken
).
A-3
05
R.
Yam
aguc
hi
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami:
B
ohso
Pen
insu
la
1961
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. (C
hib
a-k
en).
A-3
06
T.
Hato
ri
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami:
H
ach
ijo
-jim
a 19
61
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
. R
ep.
(To
ky
o-t
o)
•
A-3
07
T.
Ter
amot
o R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
suna
mi:
F
rom
Miu
ra
1961
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. P
enin
sula
to
Ham
amat
su
(Kan
agaw
a-ke
n an
d S
hiz
uo
ka-
ken
).
A-3
08
K.
Iid
a
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami:
F
rom
Ham
amat
su
19
61
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
. to
Wak
ayam
a (S
hiz
uo
ka-
ken
, A
ich
i-k
en
Mie
-ken
an
d W
akay
ama-
ken)
.
A-3
09
K.
Hay
ami
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami:
T
he
Ch
ilea
n
1961
(C
hile
an
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
nam
i in
Wes
tern
Jap
an.
A-3
10
D.
Sh
imo
zuru
R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
suna
mi:
K
yush
u.
1961
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Rep
.
*A-3
11
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Tid
e-g
aug
e S
tati
on
s an
d
1961
C
hil
ean
O
ther
s T
suna
mi
Mar
eogr
ams.
SYN
THET
IC
REPO
RT O
N TH
E N
lIGA
TA
EA
RTH
QU
AK
E D
ISA
STER
PR
EVEN
TIO
N
RE
SE
AR
CH
,(N
atio
na1
Sci
ence
an
d T
ech
no
log
y
Ass
ocia
tio
n )
, S
ank
aid
o
A-3
12
R.
Kog
a T
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d i
ts D
amag
e to
19
65
Nii
gata
' R
iver
s.
Dam
age
I [\J
~
W
I
No
.
A-3
l3
A-3
14
A-3
15
A-3
16
A-3
17
A-3
18
A-3
19
A-3
20
A-3
21
A-3
22
A-3
23
A-3
24
Au
tho
r
M.
Kaji
ki
N.
Ito
H.
Ozak
i
Y.
Nag
ao
M.
Oh
tom
o
T.
Fu
jin
am
i
F.
Oh
ash
i
R.
Nii
T.
Hir
on
o
S.
Nag
un
o
K.
Kaji
ura
I.
Tsu
bo
kaw
a
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
o
f th
e
Dam
age
to
Farm
la
nd
s,
Ag
ricu
ltu
ral
Faci1
ties
an
d F
arm
S
tru
ctu
res.
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
o
f th
e S
eis
mic
D
amag
e to
th
e
Ro
ads
an
d th
eir
R
ela
ted
Str
uctu
res
by
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Dam
age
to th
e R
ail
road
s
Resu
ltin
g fr
om
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Dam
age
to th
e H
arb
ors
b
y t
he N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e
an
d th
eir
P
lan
fo
r R
ep
air
s.
Dam
age
to th
e E
lectr
ic
Co
mm
un
icati
on
F
acil
itie
s
by
th
e N
iig
ata
JEart
hq
uak
e
an
d
Rela
ted
T
op
ics.
Dam
age
to E
lectr
ic F
acil
itie
s
du
e to
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Dam
age
to th
e W
ate
r S
up
ply
Sy
stem
by
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
o
n
the F
ire at
the N
iig
ata
Oil
F
acto
ry,
Sh
ow
a S
ek
iyu
.
19
65
N
iig
ata
19
65
N
iig
ata
19
65
N
iig
ata
19
65
N
iig
ata
19
65
N
iig
ata
19
65
N
iig
ata
19
65
N
iig
ata
19
65
N
iig
ata
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
of
the N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
19
65
N
iig
ata
Eart
hq
uak
e M
oti
on
an
d
Gro
un
d D
efo
rmati
on
. 1
96
5
Nii
gata
Th
e T
sun
ami
Fo
llo
win
g th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
h-
19
65
N
iig
ata
q
uak
e.
Gro
un
d
Mo
vem
ents
p
reced
ing
an
d F
oll
ow
ing
1
96
5
Nii
gata
th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Fir
e
Gen
.
Grn
d.
Def.
Tsu
nam
i
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. N
ote
s
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
A-3
25
K.
Su
gai
R
epo
rt o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e b
y t
he
1965
N
iig
ata
C
rst.
M
vmt.
Geo
log
ical
Su
rvey
In
sti
tue:
Gro
und
De-
form
atio
n i
n P
lain
Reg
ion
s.
A-3
26
K.
Sato
C
rust
al
Mov
emen
t at
the S
ea B
ott
om
19
65
Nii
gata
ers
t.
Mvm
t. ar
ou
nd
Aw
ashi
ma
Fo
llo
win
g t
he N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake.
A-3
27
S.
Ari
ga
Aer
op
ho
tog
rap
hic
al S
urv
ey o
f th
e E
art
h-
1965
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e q
uak
e D
amag
e.
A-3
28
T.
Wat
anab
e G
roun
d an
d G
eolo
gic
al
Ch
ara
cte
rist
ics.
19
65
Nii
gata
G
roun
d G
ei>
logy
A-3
29
M.
Fuk
uoka
D
amag
e to
Em
bank
men
ts.
1965
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
.
A-3
30
T.
Tak
aga
Dam
age
to B
rid
ges
. 19
65
Nii
gata
P
ub
l.
Dam
.
I A
-33
l S
. H
ayas
hi
Ch
ara
cte
rsit
ics
of
the D
amag
e to
th
e
1965
N
iig
ata
P
ub
!.
Dam
. l\
J H
arb
or
Str
uctu
res
(th
e Q
uayw
a11s
, '" .f>,
mai
nly
) b
y t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
I
A-3
32
K.
Tak
eyam
a E
mer
genc
y R
epai
rs o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
1965
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e G
roun
d D
amag
e d
ue
to a
G
roun
d A
bn
orm
alit
y
Fo
11
ow
ing
the
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
A-3
33
H.
Ko
bay
ash
i B
uil
din
g D
amag
e C
ause
d b
y t
he N
iig
ata
19
65
Nii
gata
T
su.
Dam
. E
arth
qu
ake.
A-3
34
Y.
Oh
sak
i D
amag
e to
B
uil
din
gs
on
Ex
trem
ely
So
ft
1965
N
iig
ata
ts
u.
Dam
. G
roun
d G
roun
d.
A-3
35
Mee
tin
g:
Geo
ph
ysi
cs.
1965
N
iig
ata
O
ther
s G
en.
A-3
36
Mee
tin
g:
Ase
ism
ic E
ng
inee
rin
g.
1965
N
iig
ata
O
ther
s A
sei;
;;.
Des
.
A-3
37
Mee
tin
g:
Gen
eral
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e.
1965
N
iig
ata
O
ther
s D
amag
e
I N
-...J
Ul I
No
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ss i-
No
tes
ficati
on
A-3
38
S
up
ple
men
t:
Dam
age
du
e to
th
e N
iig
ata
1
96
5
Nii
gata
D
amag
e E
art
hq
uak
e.
RE
STO
RA
TIO
N
PLA
N
FOR
TH
E N
IIG
AT
A
EAR
THQ
UA
KE
DIS
AS
TE
R,
Nii
gata
-ken
A-3
39
K
. K
ay
ah
ara
D
istr
ibu
tio
n o
f D
amag
es
Resu
ltin
g
fro
m
19
65
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
A-3
40
S
. N
ish
ida
Natu
ralE
nv
iro
nm
en
t o
f th
e D
istr
icts
1
96
5
Nii
gata
G
eo
log
y
Dam
aged
b
y th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
hq
uak
e.
A-3
41
M
. S
ato
S
ocia
l an
d
Eco
no
mic
En
vir
on
men
t o
f th
e
19
65
N
iig
ata
O
thers
D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed b
y th
e N
iig
ata
E
art
h-
qu
ak
e.
A-3
42
S
. N
ish
ida
Geo
log
ical
Stu
dy
of
the N
iig
ata
E
art
h-
19
65
N
iig
ata
G
eo
log
y
qu
ak
e.
A-3
43
S
. K
om
aki
Geo
log
ical
Stu
dy
o
f th
e
Nii
gata
1
96
5
Nii
gata
G
en.
Eart
hq
uak
e.
A-3
44
H
. U
mem
ura
Arc
hit
ectu
ral
Stu
dy
of
the N
iig
ata
1
96
5
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Eart
hq
uak
e.
PRO
CE
ED
ING
S O
F T
HE
R
ESE
AR
CH
M
EE
TIN
G
OF
THE
MA
TSU
SHIR
O
EA
RT
HQ
UA
KE
, N
ati
on
al
Dis
aste
r P
rev
en
tio
n T
ech
no
log
ical
Cen
ter,
S
cie
nti
fic an
d T
ech
nic
al
Ag
ency
o
f Ja
pan
.
A-3
45
K
. W
ad
ach
i R
ep
ort
o
n th
e In
vesti
gati
on
o
f G
eo
log
ical
19
66
M
ats
ush
iro
G
eo
log
y
Str
uctu
res b
y D
rill
ing
.
A-3
46
K
. K
imu
ra
Ob
serv
ed
R
esu
lts o
f th
e
Mats
ush
iro
1
96
6
Mats
ush
iro
G
en.
Eart
hq
uak
es.
A-3
47
S
. S
an
o
Geo
log
ical
Str
uctu
res o
f th
e S
eis
mic
1
96
6
Mats
ush
iro
G
eo
log
y
Dis
tric
ts o
f th
e M
ats
ush
iro
E
art
hq
uak
e.
A-3
48
T
. D
an
bara
C
rusta
l M
ov
emen
ts
Asso
cia
ted
wit
h th
e
19
66
M
ats
ush
iro
C
rst.
M
vmt.
M
ats
ush
iro
E
art
hq
uak
e.
NO
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1
assi
-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
A-3
49
R.
Mor
imot
o G
eolo
gic
al B
ackg
roun
d o
f th
e M
atsu
shir
o
1966
M
atsu
shir
o
Geo
logy
E
arth
qu
ake
Swar
m.
A-3
50
T.
Hag
iwar
a R
epo
rt o
n t
he M
atsu
shir
o E
arth
qu
ake
Swar
m 1
966
Mat
sush
iro
G
en.
Eqk
e.
Act
. b
y t
he T
enta
ive
Ob
serv
atio
n N
etw
ork.
A-3
51
I.
Tsu
boka
wa
Ob
serv
atio
n o
f th
e C
rust
al
Mov
emen
t 19
66
Mat
sush
iro
C
rst.
M
vmt.
by L
evel
ing
.
A-3
52
K.
Kas
ahar
a O
bse
rvat
ion
of
the H
ori
zon
tal
Mov
emen
ts
1966
M
atsu
shir
o
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. by
th
e E
lectr
o-O
pti
cal
Mea
sure
men
t.
A-3
53
T.
Hag
iwar
a T
ilt
vari
ati
on
Ob
serv
ed i
n M
atsu
shir
o.
1966
M
atsu
shir
o
Til
t
A-3
54
K.
Kan
ai
Ob
serv
atio
n b
y S
tro
ng
Mot
ion
Sei
smo
-19
66
Mat
sush
iro
G
roun
d E
xp.
Mea
s.
gra
ph
s an
d O
bse
rvat
ion
of
Mic
rotr
emo
rs.
I N ......
0\ I
I N
-..J
-..J I
No.
B-1
B-2
B-3
B-4
B-5
B-6
B-7
B-8
B-9
B-1
0
B-l
l
B-1
2
Au
tho
r
Ham
ada
Wea
ther
Sta
.
Sh
in-A
ich
i-sh
a
Sh
uh
fuh
do
hji
n,
ed
.
T.
Yu
chi,
ed
.
I.
Kat
ayam
a
S.
Kiz
awa,
et
al.
K.
Ish
ikara
S.
Aoy
ama
D.
Tak
i,
ed
.
J.
Imam
ura
Miy
agi-
ken
Reli
ef
Com
. o
f th
e A
kit
a E
qk
e.
Dis
ast
er
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
The
Ham
ada
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
87
2.
(Ham
ada
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n)*
.
The
Ear
thq
uak
e N
ews.
(S
hin
-aic
hi-
sha)
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Aic
hi
ken
, G
ifu
-ken
an
d F
uk
ui-
ken
. (T
ok
yo
n
isse
n-d
o).
Deta
iled
New
s o
f th
e M
eij
i E
arth
qu
ake.
(I
ssei-
sha)
•
1912
H
amad
a
18
91
N
oh
hi
(189
1)
1891
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
18
91
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
The
No
hb
i E
arth
qu
ake
(Oh
gak
i-m
ach
i,
Gif
u)
1893
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
The
Meij
i E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
(Ko
nch
i-d
o)
18
91
N
oh
bi
(189
1)
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
in t
he
Noh
bi D
istr
ict.
18
91
(I
sho
-kan
)
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
in
Gif
u-k
en.
Map
s o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
in Y
amag
ata-
18
94
k
en
and
To
ky
o-f
u.
(Arc
hit
ectu
ral
Insti
tute
o
f Ja
pan
).
No
hb
i (1
891)
No
hb
i (1
891)
Tok
yo
The
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e
Ryo
-U D
istr
ict.
(H
yu
ga-
sho
ten
) .
1894
S
ho
hn
ai
The
T
suna
mi
in M
iyag
i-k
en.
(Miy
agi-
ken
).
1903
S
an
rik
u
(189
6)
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
in A
kit
a-k
en
. (R
eli
ef
1897
R
iku
-U
Co
mm
itte
e o
f th
e A
kit
a E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er)
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Dam
age
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
* P
ub
lish
er'
s na
me
is
giv
en in
pare
nth
ese
s d
irectl
y
foll
ow
ing
th
e ti
tle.
No
tes
Ex
tra
Ex
tra o
f G
okok
u n
o h
ikari
N
agoy
a
KO
nchi
do
Nag
oya
Sep
ara
te V
olum
e
Dam
age
I IV
-l
ex>
I
No.
B-1
3
B-1
4
B-1
S
*B-1
6
*B-1
7
B-1
8
B-1
9
*B-2
0
*B
-2l
B-2
2
B-2
3
Au
tho
r
Sh
iga-
ken
Y.
Kat
o,
ed.
C.
Dav
iso
n
M.
Sh
ibu
saw
a
Bu
reau
of
So
c.
Aff
air
s,
Hom
e O
ffic
e
Bu
reau
of
So
c.
Aff
air
s,
Hom
e O
ffic
e
Bu
reau
of
So
cia
l A
ffair
s,
Hom
e O
ffic
e
Bu
reau
of
So
cia
l A
ffair
s,
Hom
e O
ffic
e
Min
istr
y o
f R
ailw
ays
Cen
tral
Met
. O
bser
ve
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
in S
hig
a-k
en.
(Sh
iga-
ken
).
1910
K
o-N
o
The
E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
in O
hsaw
ago-
mur
a.
1917
U
gase
n
Ph
oto
gra
ph
Alb
um o
f th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
14
Ugo
sen
Dis
ast
er
at
Sen
ho
ku
, A
kit
a-k
en.
(Pu
bli
c O
ffic
e o
f S
enb
ok
u-g
un
).
The
Jap
anes
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
23
. (L
ondo
n)
1931
K
anto
A D
esc
rip
tio
n o
f th
e
Dam
ages
D
one
by
th
e
1924
K
anto
G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f S
ep
t.
1,
1923
to
th
e
Ele
ctr
ical
Insta
llati
on
s in
Jap
an.
The
T
aish
o E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
(1)
(2).
(H
ome
Off
ice)
Ph
oto
gra
ph
Alb
um o
f th
e T
aish
o E
art
h
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er.
(H
ome
Off
ice)
The
Gre
at E
arth
qu
ake
of
1923
in
Jap
an.
(Hom
e O
ffic
e).
Com
pani
on M
aps
and
Dia
gra
ms
of
the
Gre
at E
arth
qU
ake
of
1923
in
Jap
an.
(Hom
e O
ffic
e).
1926
K
anto
1926
K
anto
1926
K
anto
1926
K
anto
Dam
age
Gen
.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Dam
age
No
tes
Dam
age
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e to
th
e
Rai
lway
in
19
23
. (M
inis
try
of
Rai
lway
s)
1927
K
anto
P
ub
l.
Dam
. S
agam
i
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er:
E
arth
qu
ake.
(C
en
tral
Met
eoro
lo
gic
al
Ob
serv
ato
ry).
1924
K
anto
G
en.
I tv
-...J
1.0 I
No
.
B-2
4
B-2
5
B-2
6
B-2
7
B-2
8
B-2
9
B-3
0
B-3
1
B-3
2
B-3
3
B-3
4
Au
tho
r
Cen
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
Jap
an
S
oc.
of
Ele
ctr
ical
En
g.
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Gre
at
Kan
to
Eart
hq
uak
e
19
24
K
anto
O
thers
D
isaste
r:
Weath
er.
(C
en
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry).
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r P
re-
19
24
K
anto
v
en
tio
n f
or
Ele
ctr
ic F
acil
itie
s.
(Jap
an
S
ocie
ty o
f E
lectr
ical
En
gin
eers
, Ja
pan
B
1ectr
ic A
sso
cia
tio
n)
Dam
age
Dep
t.
of
Co
nst.
, R
ep
ort
on
th
e
Geo
log
ical
Featu
res in
R
esto
rati
on
Bu
r.
To
ky
o
an
d Y
ok
oh
ama.
(R
esto
rati
on
B
ure
au
) 1
92
K
an
to
Dam
age
Ak
asa
ka W
ard
O
ff.,
T
ok
yb
-sh
i
Ten
tati
ve D
is.
Reli
ef
Bu
r.
Metr
op
oli
tan
P
oli
ce O
ffic
e
Po
lice D
ep
t.,
Kan
agaw
a-k
en
Lan
d S
urv
ey
D
ep
art
men
t
Lan
d S
urv
ey
D
ep
art
men
t
Lan
d
Su
rvey
Dep
art
men
t
Th
e E
art
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r in
A
kasa
ka-k
u
(Ak
asak
a W
ard
Off
ice)
19
25
K
an
tb
Gen
era
l S
urv
ey
of
the S
eis
mic
D
isaste
r 1
92
3
Kan
to
an
d R
eli
ef
Facil
itie
s
•
Sta
tisti
cs o
f th
e F
ire D
isaste
r in
th
e
19
25
K
anto
E
art
hq
uak
e in
19
23
. (M
etr
op
oli
tan
P
oli
ce
Off
ice).
Fir
e D
isaste
r in
th
e G
reat
Tais
ho
E
art
h-
19
26
K
an
to
qu
ak
e.
(Po
lice D
ep
art
men
t,
Kan
ag
aw
a-k
en
).
Ph
oto
gra
ph
A
lbu
m o
f th
e
Seis
mic
D
isaste
r b
y th
e G
reat
Kan
to
Eart
hq
uak
e
(Jap
an
C
om
mu
nic
atio
n U
nio
n).
kan
to
Map
o
f th
e v
ert
ical
Gro
un
d M
ov
emen
t in
1
92
9
Kan
to
the A
reas
Sh
aken
b
y th
e
Kan
to E
art
hq
uak
e.
(Lan
d S
urv
ey
D
ep
art
men
t).
On
the
Mo
vem
ent
of
the F
irst
Cla
ss
Ben
ch
19
24
K
an
to
Mar
ks
in th
e A
reas
Sh
aken
b
y th
e
Kan
to
Eart
hq
uak
e.
(Lan
d S
urv
ey
D
ep
art
men
t).
Up
heav
al
an
d S
ub
sid
en
ce in
th
e
Are
a
Dam
-1
92
5
Kan
to
ag
ed
b
y th
e
Kan
to E
art
hq
uak
e.
(Lan
d S
ur-
vey
D
ep
art
men
t)
Gen
.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Fir
e
Fir
e
Su
b.
& U
ph
.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Su
b.
& U
ph
. No
tes
Dam
age
Fir
e
Nih
on
S
oh
go
T
suh
shin
-sh
a
I N co
o I
No.
B-3
5
B-3
6
B-3
7
B-3
8
B-3
9
B-4
0
B-4
1
B-4
2
B-4
3
Au
tho
r
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Hy
dro
gra
ph
ic
Off
ice
Hy
dro
gra
ph
ic
Off
ice
Ky
oto
-fu
W
eath
er S
ta.
U.
Nag
aham
a
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
A C
om
par
isio
n b
etw
een
th
e P
osi
tio
ns
of
the F
irst
Cla
ss
Ben
ch M
arks
b
efo
re a
nd
aft
er
the G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
(L
and
Su
rvey
Dep
artm
ent)
.
19
30
K
anto
L
ev.
& T
ri.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
On
the S
urv
eyin
g n
eed
ed f
or
the
Rest
ora
-1
93
0
Kan
to
tio
n W
ork
of
the A
rea
Dam
aged
by
th
e G
reat
Kan
to
Ear
thq
uak
e. (
Lan
d S
urv
ey D
epar
tmen
t).
Rep
ort
on
th
e R
ele
veli
ng
of
the A
rea
Dam
aged
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
of
19
23
. (H
yd
rog
rap
hic
Off
ice)
Inv
est
igati
on
on
th
e S
ea S
urf
ace
in t
he
Tan
go a
nd
Tan
ba D
istr
icts
D
amag
ed b
y t
he
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Hy
dro
gra
ph
ic O
ffic
e)
Rep
ort
on
th
e K
ita-
Tan
go
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n
Mar
. 7
, 1
92
7.
(Ky
oto
-fu
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n)
The
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake.
(T
he P
ub
licati
on
A
sso
ciat
ion
. o
f nT
lie,
Tan
g0 E
arth
qu
ake
n,
Kyo
to)
19
24
K
anto
19
25
T
ajim
a T
ango
19
27
T
ango
19
29
T
ango
On
the L
evel
ing
Wor
k in
th
e
Tan
go D
is-
19
27
T
ango
tr
ict
Per
form
ed b
y t
he E
arth
qu
ake
Re-
searc
h I
nsti
tute
, Im
peri
al
Un
ivers
ity
of
Tok
yo.
(Lan
d S
urv
ey D
epar
tmen
t).
Rep
ort
on
th
e F
irst
Ord
er L
evel
ing
fo
r th
e R
est
ora
tio
n o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
aste
r in
th
e T
ango
Dis
tric
t.
(Lan
d S
urv
ey D
epar
tmen
t).
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eco
nd
Ord
er R
etr
ian
gu
lati
on
of
the T
ango
D
istr
ict
Dam
aged
by
th
e E
arth
qu
ake.
(L
and
Su
rvey
Dep
artm
ent)
19
29
T
ango
19
29
T
ango
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Lev
. &
T
rio
Tid
al
Chg
e.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Lev
. &
T
rio
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Lev
. &
Tri
.
I N
(Xl
I-' I
No.
B-4
4
B-4
5
B-4
6
B-4
7
B-4
8
B-4
9
B-5
0
B-5
1
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
ifi
cati
on
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Oga
wa
Gir
l's
Hig
h S
cho
ol
Fis
hery
Ag
ency
, M
inis
try
of
Ag
r.
& F
ore
stry
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eco
nd
Cla
ss
Retr
ian
gu
1a-
19
29
T
ango
ti
on
in
th
e S
eis
mic
all
y D
amag
ed A
rea
in O
ku-T
ango
P
en
insu
la.
(Lan
d S
urv
ey D
epar
tmen
t).
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
up
ple
men
tary
Wor
k in
th
e
Th
ird
cla
ss
Tri
an
gu
lati
on
an
d t
he F
irst
Cla
ss
Lev
eli
ng
of
the
Dam
aged
Are
a in
th
e T
ango
Dis
tric
t (L
and
Su
rvey
Dep
t.)
Ph
oto
gra
ph
Alb
um o
f th
e S
ever
e Iz
u
Eart
hq
uak
e,
Nov
. 2
6,
19
30
(E
arth
qu
ake
Res
earc
h In
sti
tute
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e F
irst
and
Sec
on
d
Cla
ss
Re-t
rian
gu
1ati
on
of
the
Are
as
Dam
aged
b
y
the I
zu
Eart
hq
uak
e.
(Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent)
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
hir
d
Cla
ss R
etr
ian
gu
1a
tio
n o
f th
e A
reas
Dam
aged
by
th
e Iz
u
Eart
hq
uak
e.
(Lan
d S
urv
ey D
epar
tmen
t).
19
30
T
ango
19
Iz
u
19
32
Iz
u
19
35
Iz
u
Po
ssib
le E
vid
ence
of
the H
yp
oce
nte
r o
f 19
N
ish
iS
aita
ma
the E
arth
qu
ake
in N
ort
h K
anto
o
n S
ep
t.
21
, 1
93
1.
(Oga
wa
Gir
l's H
igh
Sch
oo
l).
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
sun
ami
Dis
ast
er
Pre
ven
-1
93
4
tio
n in
th
e S
an
rik
u D
istr
ict.
(F
ish
ery
A
gen
cy,
Min
istr
y o
f A
gri
cu
ltu
re
and
F
ore
stry
)
San
rik
u
(193
3)
Fo
rest
ry A
gen
cy,
Rep
ort
on
th
e F
ore
stati
on
fo
r 'T
idal
1
93
4
San
rik
u
(193
3)
Min
. o
f A
. &
F.
Wav
e P
rote
cti
on
in
th
e
San
rik
u D
istr
ict.
(F
ore
stry
Ag
ency
, M
inis
try
of
A.
& F
.)
Lev
. &
T
rio
Lev
. &
Tri
.
Oth
ers
Lev
. &
T
rio
Lev
. &
T
rio
Oth
ers
Tsu
. D
am.
Tsu
. D
am.
No
tes
I N
<Xl
N I
No.
B-5
2
B-5
3
B-5
4
B-5
5
B-5
6
B-5
7
B-5
8
B-5
9
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
ifi
cati
on
N
ote
s
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Gif
u W
eath
er
Sta
tio
n
Geo
gra
ph
ical
Rep
ort
on
th
e R
e-l
ev
eli
ng
in t
he A
rea
Dam
-193
4 ag
ed b
y t
he S
an
rik
u E
arth
qu
ake
(Lan
d S
urv
ey D
epar
tmen
t).
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eco
nd
an
d T
hir
d C
lass
19
36
Re-t
rian
gu
lati
on
an
d t
he F
irst
Cla
ss
Re-l
ev
eli
ng
in
th
e S
eism
ic A
rea
in a
nd
ar
ou
nd
Sh
izu
ok
a.
(Lan
d S
urv
ey D
epar
tmen
t)
On
the E
arth
qu
ake
in S
ou
th G
un
jo-g
un
19
34
on
Aug
. 1
8,
19
34
. (G
ifu
Wea
ther
Sta
tio
n)
San
rik
u
(193
3)
fari
rik
u
(193
3)
Gif
u
Yaw
ata
1960
M
ikaw
a S
urv
ey I
nsti
tute
Re-t
rian
gu
lati
on
in
th
e S
eis
mic
all
y
Dam
aged
Mik
awa
Dis
tric
t.
(Geo
gra
ph
ical
S
urv
ey I
nsti
tute
).
Chu
hgok
u an
d
Sh
iko
ku
Reg
. C
on
st.
Bu
r.
Chu
hgok
u an
d
Sh
iko
ku
Reg
. C
on
st.
Bu
r.
Sp
ec.
Com
. o
n
Inv
es.
o
f th
e
Ho
ku
rik
u E
qk
e.
Dis
ast
er
Sp
ec.
Com
. o
n
Inv
es.
o
f th
e
Ho
ku
rik
u E
qk
e.
Dis
ast
er
Inte
r.im
R
epo
rt o
n th
e G
roun
d M
ovem
ent
in 1
95
5.
(Chu
hgok
u an
d
Sh
iko
ku
Reg
ion
al C
on
stru
cti
on
Bu
reau
).
1955
N
ank
ai
Co
un
term
easu
re
ag
ain
st th
e G
roun
d M
ove-
1955
N
ank
ai
men
t an
d it
s P
rob
lem
. (C
huhg
oku
and
S
hik
ok
u R
egio
nal
Co
nst
ructi
on
Bu
reau
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e b
y t
he F
uk
ui
1950
F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
94
8:
Part
1.
Pu
bli
c S
tru
c-
ture
s.
(Sp
ecia
l C
omm
itte
e o
n th
e In
vesti
-g
ati
on
of
theU
ok
uri
ku
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er)
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic D
amag
e b
y th
e F
uk
ui
1951
F
uk
ui
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
94
8:
Part
2
. B
uil
din
g S
tru
c-
ture
s.
(Sp
ecia
l C
om
mit
tee
on
th
e In
vest
i-g
ati
on
of
the H
ok
uri
ku
Ear
thq
uak
e Disaste~)
Lev
. &
T
ri.
.
Lev
. &
T
rio
Gen
.
Lev
. &
Tri
. B
oo
kle
t
Crs
t.
Mvr
ot.
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
I N
CD
W I
No
.
B-6
0
B-6
1
B-6
2
*B
-63
B-6
4
B-6
5
B-6
6
B-6
7
B-6
8
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Aca
d.
Res.
C
ou
n.
Gen
era
l R
ep
ort
on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r 1
94
8
Fu
ku
i o
f Jap
.,
Jap
an
in
th
e
Ho
ku
rik
u R
eg
ion
: D
amag
e to
P
ub
lic
So
c.
of
Civ
il
Str
uctu
res.
En
g.
Y.
Sak
ab
e
On
the D
amag
e d
on
e b
y th
e F
uk
ui
Eart
h-
19
60
F
uk
ui
qu
ak
e
an
d th
e
Destr
ucti
ve
Po
wer
o
f
Rail
way
T
ech
. R
es.
In
st.
this
k
ind
o
f E
art
hq
uak
e.
(Pro
c.
2n
d
Wo
rld
Co
nf.
o
n E
art
hq
uak
e E
ng
ineeri
ng
)
Rep
ort
o
n th
e F
uk
ui
Eart
hq
uak
e
on
Ju
ne
28
, 1
94
8.
(Rail
way
T
ech
nic
al
Rese
arc
h
Insti
tute
)
Off
. o
f th
e
En
g.,
Th
e
Fu
ku
i E
art
hq
uak
e,
Ho
ku
rik
u
Reg
ion
, G
en.
Head
qtr
s,
Jap
an
, Ju
ne
28
, 1
94
8.
Vo
l.
1.
Geo
log
y
Far
East
Com
man
d (G
,H.Q
.)
Off
. o
f th
e
En
g.,
Th
e
Fu
ku
i E
art
hq
uak
e,
Ho
ku
rik
u
Reg
ion
G
.H.Q
. Ja
pan
, Ju
ne
28
, 1
94
8,
Vo
l.
2.
Dam
age.
(G
.H.Q
.)
Fu
ku
i
19
49
F
uk
ui
19
49
F
uk
ui
Fu
ku
i-k
en
R
ep
ort
on
th
e F
uk
ui
Eart
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r.
19
(F
uk
ui-
ken
).
Fu
ku
i
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Geo
log
y
Dam
age
Gen
.
No
tes
Dep
t.
of
Geo
l.
& M
inera
log
y,
Fac.
of
Sci.
H
ok
kaid
o U
niv
.
Rep
ort
o
n th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Eart
hq
uak
e
of
Mar
ch 4
, 1
95
2.
(Facu
lty
of
Scie
nce,
Ho
kk
aid
o U
niv
ers
ity
)
19
52
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
. D
ep
t.
of
Geo
log
y
an
d M
inera
log
y
Seis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.
Co
nst
. D
iv.,
K
yo
to-f
u
Gen
era
l R
ep
ort
on
th
e
Eart
hq
uak
e O
ff
So
uth
easte
rn K
amch
atk
a o
n
No
v.
5,
19
52
. (S
eis
mo
log
ical
Dep
t.,
C.M
.O.)
A M
ail
P
oll
o
n
the
Yo
shin
o
Eart
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r: F
irst
Rep
ort
(C
on
str
ucti
on
D
ivis
ion
, K
yo
to-f
u)
19
52
K
amch
atk
a G
en.
19
52
T
osh
ino
C
.R.C
. D
amag
e
I N
CD .,. I
No.
B-6
9
B-7
0
B-7
1
B-7
2
B-7
3
B-7
4
B-7
5
B-7
6
B-7
7
Au
tho
r
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rve
Ryu
kyu
Met
. O
bse
rvat
ory
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rve
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he E
arth
qu
ake
in th
e
19
56
S
hir
ois
hi
Low
er R
egio
n o
f th
e R
iver
Abu
kurn
a (a
rou
nd
S
hir
ois
hia
nd
Oh
ara)
. (S
end
ai D
istr
ict
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry)
Gen
.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Off
No
rth
east
ern
195
9 Is
hig
ak
ijir
na G
en.
Ish
igak
ijir
na.
(Ryu
kyu
Met
oro
1o
gic
al
Ob
serv
ato
ry)
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
an
rik
u-o
ki
Tsu
nam
i 19
60
Sn
ari
ku
o
n M
ar.
21
, 1
96
0.
(Sen
dai
D
istr
ict
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry)
Gen
.
No
tes
Tsu
nam
i
Inv
est
. C
orn.
o
f D
ept.
O
f A
rch
. ,
Toh
oku
Un
iv.
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i D
isast
er.
(P
art
1).
(D
ept.
o
f A
rch
itectu
re,
Toh
oku
Un
ivers
ity
).
1960
C
hil
ean
T
su.
Dam
. T
su.
Rep
.
Th
ird
Dis
t.
Po
rt C
on
st.
Bu
r.
Min
. o
f T
ran
sp.
Facil
itie
s D
iv.
Mo
rio
ka
Rai
lway
M
an.
Bu
r.
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i (p
art
1).
(B
ure
au o
f P
ort
s an
d H
arb
ors
, M
inis
try
o
f T
ran
spo
rtati
on
).
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Sei
smic
Tsu
nam
i.
(Facil
itie
s D
iv.,
M
ori
ok
a R
ailw
ay
Man
agem
ent
Bu
reau
).
1960
C
hil
ean
1960
C
hil
ean
The
Arc
h.
Inst.
R
epo
rt o
n t
he
Ch
ilea
n E
arth
qu
ake
Tsu
nam
i 19
60
Ch
ilea
n
of
Jap
an
Dis
ast
er:
T
ohok
u R
egio
n.
(The
A
rch
itect
ura
l In
sti
tute
of
Jap
an)
Ho
kk
aid
o B
ran
.,
The
Arc
h.
Inst.
o
f Ja
pan
To
kai
B
ran
ch,
Arc
h.
lnst.
o
f Ja
pan
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
60
Ch
ilean
T
suna
mi
Dam
age
of
May
2
4,
19
60
: H
ok
kai
do
R
egio
n.
(Hok
kaid
o B
ran
ch,
the A
rch
itect-
ura
l In
sti
tute
of
Jap
an)
Rep
ort
on
the C
hil
ean
E
arth
qu
ake
Tsu
nam
i 1
96
0
Ch
ilea
n
Dis
ast
er:
E
ast
Co
ast
of
the K
ii P
en
insu
la.
(To
kai
Bra
nch
, A
rch
itectu
ral
Insti
tute
of
Jap
an)
Tsu
nrna
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i T
su.
Rep
.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. D
am.
I tv
(Xl
\J'1 I
No.
B-7
8
*B
-79
B-8
0
B-8
l
B-8
2
B-8
3
B-8
4
B-8
S
B-8
6
Au
tho
r
Y.
Yo
koo
Geo
gra
ph
ical
S
urv
ey I
nst.
, M
in.
of
Co
nst
.
T.
Tak
ahas
hi
Hak
odat
e M
arin
e M
et.
Obs
erve
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
M
et.
Obs
erve
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bser
ve
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bser
ve
Nag
oy L
oca
l M
et.
Obs
erve
Ow
ase
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
£ic
ati
on
N
ote
s
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi
19
60
C
hil
ean
D
isast
er:
K
ink
i a
nd
Sh
iko
ku
Reg
ion
s.
(Kin
ki
Bra
nch
, A
rch
itectu
ral
Insti
tute
of
Jap
an)
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
urv
ey o
f th
e A
bnor
mal
1
96
1
Ch
ilea
n
Tid
al
Wav
es,
Tsu
nam
i,
Cau
sed
by
th
e
Ch
ilea
n E
arth
qu
akes
on
May
2
4,
19
60
. (G
eog
rap
hic
al S
urv
ey I
nsti
tute
, M
inis
try
o
f C
on
stru
cti
on
).
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i o
f 1
96
0.
(Pro
c.
2nd
Wor
ld C
on
f.
Ear
thq
uak
e E
ng
.)
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi.
(H
akod
ate
Mar
ine
Met
eoro
log
ical
O
bse
rvat
ory
)
19
60
C
hil
ean
19
60
C
hil
ean
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e 1
96
0
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i o
f M
ay
24
, 1
96
0.
(Sap
poro
Dis
tric
t M
eteo
rolo
gic
al O
bse
rvat
ory
).
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi
19
61
C
hil
ean
o
f M
ay
24
, 1
96
0.
(Sen
dai
Dis
tric
t M
eteo
rolo
gic
al O
bse
rvat
ory
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi
19
61
C
hil
ean
o
f M
ay
24
, 1
96
0.
(Sen
dai
Dis
tric
t M
eteo
rolo
gic
al O
bse
rvat
ory
)
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e 1
96
0
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i o
f M
ay
24
, 1
96
0.
(Nag
oya
Lo
cal
Met
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry)
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
the C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e 1
96
0
Ch
ilea
n
Tsu
nam
i th
at
Dam
aged
th
e C
oas
t o
f K
Um
ano-
nad
a.
CO
was
e W
eath
er S
tati
on
)
Tsu
. D
am.
Th
e D
isast
er
Pre
ven
tio
n
Res
earc
h I
nst
itu
tE
Kyo
to U
niv
ers
ity
Tsu
nam
i G
eolo
gy
Tsu
nam
i
. Tsu
nam
i T
su.
Rep
.
Tsu
nam
i T
su
. R
ep.
Tsu
na
mi
Tsu
. R
ep
.
Tsu
. D
am.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
I tv
00
0"1 I
No.
B-8
7
B-8
8
B-8
9
B-9
0
B-9
1
B-9
2
B-9
3
B-9
4
B-9
5
Au
tho
r
Osa
ka
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bser
ve
Fuk
uoka
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bser
ve
Miy
azak
i L
oca
l M
et.
Obs
erve
Ryu
kyu
Met
. O
bser
ve
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
r.
Tsu
gar
u W
eath
er
Sta
tio
n
Taj
ime
Off
ice,
Dep
t.
of
Arc
h.
En
g.,
T
okyo
M
etro
. U
niv
.
Pro
f.
Taj
iro
e's
Off
ice,
Dep
t.
of
Arc
h.
En
g.,
T
okyo
Met
ro.
un
iv.
Fu
kad
a O
ffic
e,
Dep
t.
of
Geo
l.
& M
in.,
N
iig
a ta
Un
iv.
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Pro
mpt
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
sun
ami.
(O
saka
Dis
tric
t M
ete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry)
1960
C
hil
ean
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi
1960
C
hil
ean
o
f M
ay
24
, 1
96
0.
(Fuk
uoka
Dis
tric
t M
ete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry)
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi
1960
C
hil
ean
o
f M
ay
24
, 1
96
0.
(Miy
azak
i L
oca
l M
ete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry)
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi
1960
C
hil
ean
O
bse
rved
in
Ryu
kyu.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in N
ort
h 1
962
Miy
agi-
Kit
a G
en.
Miy
agi-
ken
bn
A
pri
l 3
0,
19
62
. (S
end
ai
Dis
tric
t M
eteo
rolo
gic
al O
bse
rvat
ory
)
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
chiz
enm
isak
i-o
ki
1963
E
arth
qu
ake
on
Mar
ch 2
7,
19
63
. (T
sug
aru
W
eath
er S
tati
on
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
1).
(T
ajim
e O
ff-
ice,
Dep
artm
ent
of
Arc
hit
ectu
ral
En
gin
eer
ing
, T
okyo
Metr
op
oli
tan
Un
ivers
ity
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Dam
age
Resu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
2
. L
iqu
efa
cti
on
o
f th
e S
andy
Gro
un
).
(Dep
t.
of
Arc
hit
ect-
ura
l E
ng
inee
rin
g,
Tok
yo
Metr
op
oli
tan
U
niv
ers
ity
.)
Sch
emat
ic R
ep
rese
nta
tio
n o
f th
e G
roun
d 19
64
Dam
age
by
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e (S
cale
; 1
:30
00
).
(Fu
kad
a O
ffic
e,
Dep
artm
ent
of
Geo
log
y a
nd
Min
eral
og
y,
Nii
gata
Universit~
Ech
izen
mi
sak
i
Nii
gata
Nii
gata
Nii
gata
Gen
.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Gro
und
No
tes
Tsu
. R
ep.
I tv
OJ
-.,J
I
No.
B-9
6
*B-9
7
B-9
8
B-9
9
B-1
00
B-1
01
B-1
02
B-1
03
B-1
04
B-1
05
Au
tho
r
Jap
. N
at.
Com
m.
on
Ear
thq
uak
es
Str
on
g M
oti
on
E
qk
e.
Ob
serv
e C
omm
.
Ed.
b
y I
nv
est
. C
omm
. o
n t
he
Nii
gata
Eq
ke.
D
isast
er,
Ja
p.
So
c. o
f C
. E
ng
.
Arc
hit
ectu
ral
Inst.
o
f Ja
p.
Arh
icte
ctu
ra1
In
st.
O
f Ja
pan
Kin
ki
Bra
nch
, A
rch
. In
st.
o
f Ja
pan
Lig
ht
Ste
el
Rei
nfo
rced
B
ui1
. C
on
str.
S
oc.
o
f Ja
pan
K.
Nak
amur
a
Sak
ata
Wea
ther
S
tati
on
J.
Tom
izaw
a
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
96
4.
(Pro
c.
3rd
Wo
rld
Co
nfe
ren
ce o
n E
arth
qu
ake
En
gin
eeri
ng
)
Str
on
g M
oti
on
Ear
thq
uak
e R
eco
rds
of
the
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Jun
e 1
6,
19
64
. (E
arth
qu
ake
Res
earc
h I
nsti
tute
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
eism
ic
Dam
age
by
th
e
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e,
19
64
. (J
apan
S
ocie
ty o
f C
ivil
En
gin
eers
)
1965
N
iig
ata
1964
N
iig
ata
19
66
N
iig
ata
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er.
19
64
(A
rch
itectu
ral
Insti
tute
of
Jap
an)
Nii
gata
Res
earc
h R
epo
rt o
n A
seis
mic
D
esig
n C
ode
for
Str
uctu
res
on
th
e S
oft
Gro
un
d.
(Arc
hit
ectu
ral
Insti
tute
of
Jap
an)
1965
N
iig
ata
Rep
ort
on
Bu
ild
ing
Dam
age
du
e to
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Kin
ki
Bra
nch
of
the A
rch
itectu
ral
Insti
tute
of
Jap
an)
Rep
ort
on
the D
amag
e to
Ste
el-
fram
ed
19
64
Nii
gata
B
uil
din
gs:
In
Nii
gata
, Y
amag
ata
and
Ak
ita.
(Lig
ht
Ste
el
Rei
nfo
rced
Bu
ild
ing
Co
nst
ruc-
tio
n S
ocie
ty o
f Ja
pan
)
On
the N
iig
ata
Ear
htq
uak
e T
sun
ami.
19
66
Nii
gata
(D
isast
er
Pre
ven
tio
n T
ech
no
log
y R
esea
rch
In
stit
ute
,To
ho
ku
Un
ivers
ity
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1964
N
iig
ata
Gen
eral
S
urv
ey o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
64
Nii
gata
in
Sak
ata
.
Gen
.
Ex
p.
Mea
s
Dam
age
Dam
age
Ase
is.
Des
.
Bu
i1.
Dam
.
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Gen
.
No
tes
Dam
age
Sep
ara
te V
olum
e
I I\)
OJ
OJ I
No.
B-1
06
B-1
07
B-1
08
B-1
09
B-1
10
B-l
ll
B-1
l2
B-1
l3
Au
tho
r
Tec
h.
Res
. L
ab
.,
Cen
tral
Res
. In
st.
o
f E
lec.
Pow
er
Rai
lway
Tec
h.
Res
. In
st.
, J.
N.R
.
Nii
gata
Bra
nch
J.
N.R
.
Po
rts
and
Har
b.
Bu
r.,
Min
istr
y
of.
Tra
nsp
ort
ati
on
" "
Nin
th R
egio
n.
Mar
i.
Safe
ty
Head
qtr
s.,
1-1a
ri.
Safe
ty A
gen
cies
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
N
ote
s
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
urv
ey o
f D
amag
e do
ne
by t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Cen
tral
Res
earc
h I
nsti
tute
of
Ele
ctr
ic P
ower
)
1964
N
iig
ata
Est
imati
on
of
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
65
Nii
gata
D
isast
er
by
Aeri
al
Ph
oto
gra
ph
. (N
atio
nal
D
isast
er
Pre
ven
tio
n C
ente
r)
Rep
ort
on
th
e In
vest
igati
on
of
Bri
dg
es
1965
N
iig
ata
an
d T
un
nel
s in
th
e
-Co
ord
inat
ed
Stu
dy
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
Pre
ven
tio
n
(Rai
lway
Tec
hn
ical
Res
earc
h
Insti
tute
, J.
N.R
.)
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er.
19
64
N
iig
ata
(N
iig
ata
Bra
nch
, Ja
pan
Nati
on
al
Rai
lway
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e T
sun
ami.
19
64
Nii
gata
(P
ort
s an
d H
arb
ors
R
esea
rch
In
sti
tute
, M
inis
try
of
Tra
nsp
ort
ati
on
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
Po
rts
and
Har
bo
rs
1964
N
iig
ata
b
y t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Po
rts
and
Har
-b
ors
Res
earc
h In
sti
tute
, M
inis
try
of
Tra
nsp
ort
ati
on
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e to
Po
rts
and
Har
bo
rs 1
965
Nii
gata
by
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
2
).(P
ort
s an
d H
arb
ors
Res
earc
h I
nsti
tute
, M
inis
try
o
f T
ran
spo
rtati
on
)
Dis
ast
er
Pre
ven
tio
n a
gain
st t
he
Eart
h
qu
akes
in
Nii
gata
. 19
64
Nii
gata
Dam
age
Dam
age
Pu
b1
. D
am.
by
Req
ues
t o
f N
.R.C
.O.D
.P.
Dam
age
Tsu
nam
i T
su.
Rep
.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Aft
ersh
ock
Dam
age
I tv
co
\D
I
No.
B-1
l4
B-1
l5
B-1
l6
B-1
l7
B-1
l8
B-1
l9
Au
tho
r
Geo
gra
ph
ical
S
u't'v
ey In
st.
, M
.O.C
.
Geo
gra
ph
ical
S
urv
ey I
nst.
, M
.O.C
. " " " "
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
1965
N
iig
ata
(G
eog
rap
hic
al S
urv
ey I
nsti
tute
, M
inis
try
o
f C
on
stru
cti
on
).
Pro
mp
t R
epo
rt o
n t
he L
ev
eli
ng
Su
rvey
o
f th
e G
roun
d M
ovem
ent
in t
he N
iig
ata
R
egio
n.
(Geo
gra
ph
ical
Su
rvey
In
sti
tute
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ructi
on
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e L
evel
ing
Su
rley
o
f th
e G
roun
d M
ovem
ent
in t
he N
iig
ata
R
egio
n:
the M
ovem
ent
of
the F
irst
and
S
eco
nd
C
lasS
Ben
ch M
ark
s,
etc
. (G
eo
gra
ph
ical
Su
rvey
In
sti
tute
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ructi
on
)
1965
N
iig
ata
1964
N
iig
ata
Rep
ort
on
th
e L
evel
ing
Su
rvey
of
the G
roun
d 19
64
Nii
gata
M
ovem
ent
in t
he N
iig
ata
Reg
ion
: M
ove-
men
t o
f th
e F
irst
and
Sec
on
d C
lass
B
ench
M
ark
s,
etc
. (G
eog
rap
hic
al S
urv
ey I
nsti
tute
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ructi
on
).
Rep
ort
on
th
e L
evel
ing
Su
rvey
of
the
Gro
und
Mov
emen
t in
th
e N
iig
ata
R
egio
n:
Mov
emen
t o
f th
e F
irst
and
th
e S
eco
nd
C
lass
B
ench
Mar
ks,
etc
. (G
eog
rap
hic
al
Su
rvey
In
sti
tute
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ruc
tio
n)
Rep
ort
on
th
e L
evel
ing
Su
rvey
of
the
Gro
und
Mov
emen
t in
th
e N
iig
ata
R
egio
n:
Mov
emen
t o
f th
e F
irst
and
th
e S
eco
nd
C
lass
B
ench
Mar
ks,
etc
. (G
eog
rap
hic
al
Su
rvey
In
sti
tute
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ruc
tio
n)
•
1966
N
iig
ata
1966
N
iig
ata
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
Dam
age
wit
h 4
F
igs.
Lev
. &
Tri
.Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vmt.
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vmt.
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vmt.
Lev
. &
Tri
. C
rst.
M
vmt.
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
B-1
20
Geo
gra
ph
ical
R
epo
rt o
n t
he L
evel
ing
Su
rvey
of
the
1967
N
iig
ata
L
ev.
& T
ri.
Crs
t.
Mvr
nt.
Su
rvey
In
st.
, G
roun
d M
ovem
ent
in t
he N
iig
ata
Reg
ion
: M
.O.C
. M
ovem
ent
of
the F
irst
and
th
e S
eco
nd
C
lass
B
ench
Mar
ks,
etc
. (G
eog
rap
hic
al
Su
rvey
In
sti
tute
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ruct
ion
)
B-1
2l
Kan
to R
egio
nal
R
epo
rt o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
is-
196
Nii
gata
B
uil
. D
am.
Co
nst
r.
Bu
reau
, aste
r.
(Kan
to R
egio
nal
Co
nst
ructi
on
M
.O.C
. B
ure
au,
Min
istr
y o
f C
on
stru
ctio
n)
B-1
22
Ho
ku
rik
u R
eg.
Dam
age
to t
he N
ati
on
al
Hig
hway
s b
y t
he
1964
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
. C
on
st.
Bu
reau
, N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Ho
ku
rik
u R
egio
nal
M
.O.C
. C
on
stru
cti
on
Bu
reau
, M
.O.C
.)
B-1
23
" R
epo
rt o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
is-
1964
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e
I aste
r. {
Hok
urik
u R
egio
nal
C
on
stru
cti
on
l\
.)
Bu
reau
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ruct
ion
) \0
0 I
B-1
24
" R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
amag
e to
Riv
ers
by
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
P
ub
l.
Dam
. N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Ho
ku
rik
u R
egio
nal
C
on
stru
cti
on
Bu
reau
, M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ruc-
tio
n).
B-1
25
Nii
tsu
Co
nst
r.
Dam
age
to E
mba
nkm
ents
R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
19
64
Nii
gata
P
ub
1.
Dam
. O
ff.,
H
ok
uri
ku
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Aga
no
Riv
er.
C
on
str.
B
ur.
, (N
iits
u C
on
stru
cti
on
Off
ice,
Ho
ku
rik
u
M.O
.C.
R.C
.B. )
B-1
26
Sak
ata
Co
nst
r.
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
65
Nii
gata
O
ff.,
T
ohok
u D
isast
er:
L
ower
R
egio
n o
f th
e M
ogaw
i R
eg.
Co
nst
r.
Riv
er.
Bu
r.,
M.O
.C.
B-1
27
" P
ho
tog
rap
hs
of
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e N
iig
ata
D
amag
e D
isast
er.
I N
1.0
I-' I
No.
B-1
28
B-1
29
B-1
30
B-1
31
B-1
32
B-1
33
B-1
34
B-1
35
B-1
36
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
ifi
cati
on
Pet
role
um
D
ept.
, M
.O.I
.T.I
.
Pu
bl.
u
til.
D
ep
t.,
Sen
dai
R
eg.
Bu
r. o
f In
t.
Tra
de
&
Ind
., M
.O.I
.T.I
.
Min
. o
f A
gr.
an
d F
ore
stry
Nii
gata
-ken
On
-sit
e I
nv
est
igati
on
Rep
ort
on
th
e
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er.
(P
etr
o
leum
Dep
t.,
Min
istr
y o
f In
tern
ati
on
al
Tra
de
and
In
du
stry
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e G
ener
al S
urv
ey o
f D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g f
rom
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Pu
bli
c u
tili
ties D
epar
tmen
t,
Sen
dai
R
egio
nal
Bu
reau
of
Inte
rnati
on
al
Tra
de
Ind
ust
ry,
M.O
.I.T
.l.)
Rep
ort
on
th
e L
and
Su
bsi
den
ce i
n
Nii
gata
. (M
inis
try
of
Ag
ricu
ltu
re a
nd
F
ore
stry
).
1964
N
iig
ata
1964
N
iig
ata
1964
N
iig
ata
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Eart
h-
1965
N
iig
ata
q
uak
e O
ccu
rren
ce a
nd
Em
erge
ncy
Co
un
ter-
mea
sure
s.
(Nii
gat
a-k
en
)
Dep
t.
of
Pu
bl.
T
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
Ph
oto
gra
ph
W
orks
, N
iiig
ata
-A
lbum
of
the
Dam
age
to P
ub
lic Wo~ks
ken
S
tru
ctu
res.
(D
ept.
o
f P
ub
lic W
orks
,
1965
N
iig
ata
Fis
hery
Sect.
N
iig
ata
-ken
Dep
t. o
f F
arm
la
nd
Co
nst
r.,
Nii
gata
-ken
Nii
gata
-ken
Nii
gata
-ken
Nii
gata
-ken
)
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f th
e D
amag
e to
Fis
hery
1
9
Nii
gata
F
acil
itie
s b
y t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Fis
her
y S
ecti
on
, N
iig
ata
-ken
)
The
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he D
isast
er
1964
N
iig
ata
to
Ag
ricu
ltu
ral
Lan
ds.
(S
ecti
on
of
Far
m-
lan
d C
on
stru
cti
on
, N
iig
ata
-ken
)
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f th
e D
amag
e to
th
e
1964
N
iig
ata
Y~oshita In
du
stri
al
Wat
er S
up
ply
S
yst
em
(Nii
gata
-ken
).
The
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e to
th
e
1964
_ N
iig
ata
Y
aman
osh
ita
Ind
ust
rial
Wat
er S
up
ply
Sy
s-
tem
an
d i
ts R
epai
r W
ork.
(E
nte
rpri
se
Bu
reau
, N
iig
ata-
ken
)
Dam
age
Dam
age
Gro
und
Gen
.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Pu
b1
. D
am.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
No
tes
I I\)
1.0
tv
I
No.
B-1
37
B-1
38
B-1
39
B-1
40
B-1
41
B-1
42
B-1
43
B-1
44
B-1
45
B-1
46
Au
tho
r
-Nii
gata
-ken
Nii
gata
-sh
i
Yam
agat
a-k
en
Dis
. R
eli
ef
-H
ead
Off
ice
Tsu
ruo
ka-
shi,
Y
amag
ata-
ken
Mu
rak
ami-
shi
11
11
Sak
ata
-sh
i
Sh
inets
u
Tel
eco
m.
Bu
r.
Nip
. T
eleg
. &
T
e1ep
. P
ub
!.
Co
rp.
Toh
oku
Ele
c.
Pow
er C
o.,
L
td.
'l'l
t1e
Dam
age
to t
he N
iig
ata
Pre
fectu
re
Ind
ust
rial
Wat
er S
up
ply
Sy
stem
by
th
e
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e,
Jun
e 1
6,
19
64
. (E
nte
rpri
se B
ure
au,
Nii
gat
a-k
en)
Rep
ort
on
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Nii
gata
-sh
i)
Rep
ort
on
the E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
of
19
64
. (Y
amag
ata-
ken
Dis
ast
er
Reli
ef
Hea
d O
ffic
e)
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
1964
N
iig
ata
1966
N
iig
ata
1964
N
iig
ata
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e,
(Str
ess
196
5 N
iig
ata
on
Tsu
ruo
ka-
shi)
(T
suru
ok
a-sh
i,
Yam
agat
a-ke
n)
Sch
emat
ic R
epre
sen
tati
on
of
the D
amag
e in
Mu
rak
ami-
shi
by
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(Mur
akam
i-sh
i)
Nii
gata
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
1964
N
iig
ata
o
f Ju
ne
16 a
nd
Its
Reli
ef.
(M
ura
kam
i-sh
i)
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e in
Mu
rak
ami-
shi.
(M
ura
kam
i-sh
i)
Rec
ord
s o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
is
ast
er
in S
ak
ata
-sh
i.
(Sak
ata-
shi)
1964
N
iig
ata
1966
N
iig
ata
The
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er.
(S
hin
-et-
19
65
N
iig
ata
su
Tel
eco
mm
un
icat
ion
s B
ure
au,
Nip
pon
Tel
egra
ph
sn
d T
elep
ho
ne
Pu
bli
c C
orp
-o
rati
on
)
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isas
ter.
19
64
N
iig
ata
(T
ohak
u E
lectr
ic P
ower
Co
.,
Ltd
.)
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Gen
.
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
Oam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
No
tes
Gen
.
I tv
<.0 w I
No.
B-1
47
B-1
48
B-1
49
B-1
50
B-1
51
B-1
52
B-1
53
B-1
54
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
1ass
i-
Ho
ku
rik
u G
as
Co
.,
Ltd
.
"
Dam
age
to t
he N
iig
ata
Bu
sin
ess
Off
ice
by
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
16
, 19
64 a
nd
its
Rest
ora
tio
n W
ork:
P
art
1.
(Ho
ku
rik
u G
as C
o.,
L
td.)
Dam
age
to th
e N
iig
ata
Bu
sin
ess
Off
ice
by
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f Ju
ne
16
, 19
64 a
nd
its
Rest
ora
tio
n W
ork:
P
art
2.
(Ho
ku
rik
u G
as C
o.,
L
td.)
1964
N
iig
ata
1964
N
iig
ata
En
g.
Wor
ks
Div
.,
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e to
th
e N
iig
ata
H
ok
uri
ku
Gas
C
o.,
Bu
sin
ess
Off
ice a
nd
its
R
est
ora
tio
n
1964
N
iig
ata
Ltd
. W
ork.
(H
ok
uri
ku
Gas
C
o.,
L
td.)
Fu
jik
ura
E1
ec.
Wir
e C
o.,
L
td.
Ste
el
Pip
es
Res
. D
iv.,
K
ub
ota
Iro
n
wo
rks
Co
.,
Ltd
.
"
Sp
ec.
Str
uct.
R
es.
Lab
.,
Nip
po
n S
teel
pip
es
Co
.,
Ltd
.
Dam
age
to O
F C
able
by
th
e N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake
and
its
Co
un
term
easu
re.
(Fu
jik
ura
Ele
ctr
ic W
ire
Co
.,
Ltd
.)
19
64
N
iig
ata
On
the D
amag
e b
y t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
64
Nii
gata
to
th
e W
ater
Cir
cu
lati
on
pip
ing
Sy
stem
(w
ith
15
00
$ D
ucti
le P
ipes)
in
th
e
Nii
gata
Ste
am-p
ow
er P
lan
t,
Toh
oku
Ele
ctr
ic
Pow
er C
o.,
L
td.
(Kub
ota
Iro
nw
ork
s C
o.,
L
td.)
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
of
the D
amag
e b
y t
he N
iig
ata
19
64
Nii
gata
E
arth
qu
ake
to th
e W
ater
an
d G
as
Pip
ing
S
yst
ems
(Ku
bo
ta I
ron
wo
rks
Co
.,
Ltd
.)
Pro
mp
t R
epo
rt o
n t
he S
eism
ic D
amag
e d
ue
to t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d R
ela
ted
T
ech
nic
al
No
tes.
(N
ippo
n S
teel
Pip
es
Cq
.,
Ltd
.)
1964
N
iig
ata
Ph
otg
rap
hic
Art
P
ho
tog
rap
h A
lbum
of
the N
iig
ata
Eart
h-
Nii
gata
P
rin
t.
Div
.,
qu
ake
of
Jun
e 1
6,
19
64
. (H
aku
shin
-do
H
aku
shin
-do
C
o.
Co
.,
Ltd
.)
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
Dam
age
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Dam
age
Oth
ers
No
tes
I N
1.0 .... I
No.
B-1
55
B-1
56
-------------------------------~-----------------------------
Au
tho
r T
itle
Nii
gata
Dai
ly
Rec
ord
s o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e:
The
N
ews
Pre
ss,
Inc.
Hal
f-M
on
th S
tru
gg
le A
gai
nst
Nat
ure
. (N
iig
ata
Dai
ly N
ews
pre
ss,
Inc.)
Sh
inan
o
Mai
nic
hi
New
spap
er
Pre
ss
The
Mat
sush
iro
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(The
Sh
inan
o-M
ain
ich
i N
ewsp
aper
Pre
ss)
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
tlassi
ficati
on
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
Mat
sush
iro
G
en.
No
tes
I tv
\0
lJ1 I
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
THE
GEO
LOG
ICA
L M
AG
AZI
NE
OF
KAMI-MIZUeHI~GUN,
Nag
ano
-ken
C-l
S
. Y
agi
The
Z
enko
hj i
Ear
thq
uak
e.
C-2
S
. Y
agi
Lig
htn
ing
d
ue
to t
he Z
enk
oh
ji E
art
h-
qu
ake.
C-3
S
. Y
agi
co
nti
nu
ou
s G
roun
d M
ovem
ent
Fo
llo
win
g
the
Zen
ko
hji
Ear
thq
uak
e.
C-4
S
. Y
agi
The
Nag
ano
Ear
thq
uak
e.
C-5
S
. Y
agi
The
Fur
uma
Ear
thq
uak
e.
EART
HQ
UA
KE
RES
EAR
CH
R
EPO
RT
OF:
WA
KA
YA
MA
-KEN
, W
akay
ama-
ken
C-6
K
. T
agu
chi
Stu
dy
on
th
e G
reat
An
sei
Ear
thq
uak
e T
suna
mi
Bas
ed o
n A
nci
ent
Doc
umen
ts.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
aU
.ssi
-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
1958
Z
enk
oh
ji
Gen
.
1958
Z
enk
oh
ji
Lig
htn
ing
1958
Z
enk
oh
ji
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
1958
N
agan
o G
en.
1958
F
urum
a G
en.
1939
A
nse
i T
suna
mi
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E G
REA
T EA
RTH
QU
AK
E O
F O
CTO
BER
28
, IN
TH
E 24
TH
YEA
R O
F TH
E M
EIJ
I ER
A
(18
91
),
Gif
u W
eath
er S
tati
on
C-7
F
. O
hmor
i G
ener
al S
urv
ey o
f th
e N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1894
N
ohbi
G
en.
(189
1)
C-8
F
. O
hmor
i G
ener
al R
epo
rt o
n t
he N
ohbi
Ear
thq
uak
e 18
94
Noh
bi
Aft
ersh
ock
(P
art
II.
A
fters
ho
ck
s).
(189
1)
PRO
CEE
DIN
GS
OF
THE
5TH
PA
CIF
IC S
CIE
NT
IFIC
CO
NG
RES
S,
Un
ivers
ity
of
To
ron
to
*C-9
K
. M
uto
Eart
h M
ovem
ents
in
th
e M
ino-
OW
ari
Dis
-19
34
Noh
bi
Crs
t.
Mvm
t. tr
ict
sin
ce th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
89
1.
I ~
;.0
NO
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
PRO
CEE
DIN
GS
OF
THE
3RD
PA
N-P
AC
IFIC
SC
IEN
TIF
IC C
ON
GRE
SS
* C
-lO
N
. Y
amas
aki
Ph
ysi
og
rap
hic
al
Stu
die
s o
f th
e K
anto
•
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1928
K
anto
G
en.
No
tes
SURV
EY
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E G
REA
T K
AN
TO
EART
HQ
UA
KE
IN T
HE
12T
H Y
EAR
OF
THE
TAIS
HO
ER
A
(19
23
),
Jap
anes
So
cie
ty o
f C
ivil
En
gin
eers
.
C-l
l
C-1
2
Vo
l.
1.
Riv
er,
Irri
gati
on
, E
rosi
on
C
on
tro
l an
d T
orr
en
tial
Imp
rov
emen
t,
Can
al a
nd
Har
bo
r; C
ivil
En
gin
eeri
ng
W
orks
fo
r E
lectr
icit
y.
Vo
l.
2.
Wat
er S
up
ply
Sy
stem
, S
ewer
age
and
Gas
-pip
ing
Wor
ks;
Rai
lway
s an
d
Tra
mw
ays.
19
26
K
anto
P
ub
l.
Dam
.
1927
K
anto
P
ub
l.
Dam
.
'r C
-13
V
ol.
3
. B
rid
ge
Str
uctu
res
and
Bu
ild
ing
s;
1927
K
anto
R
oad.
P
ub
l.
Dam
. B
uil
. D
am.
SC
IEN
TIF
IC J
APA
N:
PAST
AN
D PR
ESEN
T
*C-1
4 A
. Im
amur
a T
he
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f S
ou
theast
ern
Ja
pan
on
Sep
t.
I,
19
23
.
TOPO
GR
APH
ICA
L SW
IRL
, GR
OUND
FI
SSU
RE
AN
D EA
RTH
QU
AK
ES,
Kok
in
Sh
oin
.,
,. ""
C-l
S
S.
Fu
jiw
ara
T
op
og
rap
hic
al S
wir
l an
d th
e G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Sag
ami-
nad
a.
C-1
6 S
. F
uji
wara
C
ause
of
the G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e in
Sag
ami-
nad
a.
1926
K
anto
G
en.
,;
1932
. K
anto
C
ause
1932
K
anto
C
ause
I t>J ~
-..J •
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C-1
7 S
. F
uji
wara
T
he
Kit
a-T
ang
o E
arth
qu
ake
and
Ex
peri
-19
32
Tan
go
men
ts o
f F
issu
re.
C-1
8 S
. F
uji
wara
R
esea
rch
on
Fis
sure
an
d t
he K
ita-I
zu
19
32
Izu
E
arth
qu
ake.
GEO
LOG
ICA
L FE
ATU
RES
IN
TH
E K
AN
TO
DIS
TR
ICT
_ RE
CEN
T A
DA
VA
NCE
S IN
SE
ISM
OLO
GY
, C
huhk
o-k
an
C-1
9 H
. F
uji
mo
to
The
Gre
at
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
19
32
Kan
to
THE RECE~T SE~SMOLOGY,
Osa
ka
Dail
y N
ews
Pre
ss
C-2
0 M
. M
atsu
yam
a C
hara
cte
rist
ics
of
the G
reat
Kan
to
19
25
K
anto
E
arth
qu
ake.
C-2
1 M
. M
atsu
yam
a S
tud
y o
n t
he G
reat
Taj
ima
Ear
thq
uak
e.
1925
T
ajim
a
NEW
IN
TER
PRET
ATI
ON
OF
GEO
LOG
ICA
L PH
ENO
MEN
A
C-2
2 T
. O
gaw
a S
tud
y o
n t
he K
anto
Ear
thq
uak
e.
19
29
K
anto
C-2
3 T
. O
gaw
a S
tud
y o
n th
e T
ango
Ear
thq
uak
e.
19
29
T
ango
REG
ION
AL
GEO
GR
APH
ICA
L FE
ATU
RES
O
F JA
P}\N
: K
AN
TO
DIS
TR
ICT
, A
sak
ara
Sh
ote
n
C-2
4
C-2
5
H.
Fu
jim
oto
T
he G
reat
Kan
to E
arth
qu
ake.
19
51
Kan
to
GEO
LGO
CIA
L FE
ATU
RES
O
F C
ENTR
AL
SHIN
AN
O
DIS
TR
ICT
, K
ok
in S
ho
in
F.
Hom
na
The
R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e H
ot
Sp
rin
gs
1931
K
anto
in
th
e O
gat
a D
istr
ict
and
th
e K
anto
Eart
h-
qua.
ke.
C1
ass
i-N
ote
s fi
cati
on
Cau
se
Fau
lt
Cau
se
Fau
lt
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
, I\)
~
00
I
No.
C-2
6
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
ifi
cati
on
REP
OR
TS
ON
RA
ILW
AY
D
ISA
STE
RS
IN T
HE
13T
H
AND
14T
H
YEA
RS
OF
THE
TAIS
HO
ER
A,
Min
istr
y o
f R
ailw
ays
The
E
arth
qu
ake
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed n
ear
the
Toy
ooka
Sta
tio
n a
nd
th
e K
izak
i S
tati
on
o
f th
e S
an
-in
Lin
e.
1928
T
ajim
a G
en.
No
tes
REP
OR
TS
ON
RAIL
WA
Y
DIS
AST
ERS.
IN
TH
E F
IRS
T
AND
SECO
ND
YEA
RS
OF
THE
SHOW
A ER
A,
Min
istr
y o
f R
ailw
ays
C-2
7 E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
in O
ku-T
ango
. 19
30
Tan
go
Dam
age
GRE
AT
EAR
THQ
UA
KES
, L
ondo
n
*C-2
8 C
. D
avis
on
T
he
Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake:
M
arch
7,
19
27
. 19
39
Tan
go
Gen
.
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E K
ITA
-IZ
U
EART
HQ
UA
KE,
N
umaz
u W
eath
er S
tati
on
C-2
9
T.
Ide
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
Mis
him
a,
Ohb
a,
Nir
ayam
a 19
31
Izu
S
urv
. R
ep.
and
Nag
aoka
.
C-3
0
M.
Kat
sum
ata
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the E
ast
Co
ast
of
Izu
. 19
31
Izu
S
urv
. R
ep.
C-3
1
T.
Ide
Su
rvey
R
epo
rt o
n O
hmi-
mur
a an
d N
akak
ano
-1
93
1
Izu
S
urv
. R
ep.
mu
ra.
C-3
2 K
. K
ura
shig
e S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n th
e D
istr
ict
Sh
aken
19
31
Izu
S
urv
. R
ep.
by
th
e K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e.
I t-.>
\0
\0
I
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
fica'H
on
N
ote
s
GEN
ERA
L R
EPO
RT
ON
TH
E K
AW
ACH
I-YA
MA
TO
EART
HQ
UA
KE
OF
FEB
. 2
1,
19
36
, C
en
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
C-3
3 K
. W
adac
hi
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
reas
S
tro
ng
ly
1936
K
awac
hi-
Srv
y.
Rep
. S
hak
en b
y th
e K
awac
hi-Y
amat
o E
arth
qu
ake.
Y
amat
o
INV
EST
IGA
TIO
N
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E NA
GANO
ST
RON
G
EART
HQ
UA
KE
OF
JULY
1
5,
19
41
, C
en
tral
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
C-3
4
C-3
5
K.
Hon
da
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e A
reas
Str
on
gly
Sh
aken
194
1 N
agan
o b
y t
he N
agan
o E
arth
qu
ake.
REG
ION
AL
GEO
GR
APH
IC
FEA
TUR
ES
OF
JAPA
N:
SHIK
OK
U
DIS
TR
ICT
, A
sak
ura
Sh
ote
n
T.
Ko
bay
ash
i T
he R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
th
e
Rec
ent
Up
hea
val
an
d S
ub
sid
ence
of
To
sa B
ay a
nd
th
e N
ank
ai E
arth
qu
ake.
19
50
N
ank
ai
Srv
y.
Rep
.
Su
b.
&
Uph
.
STU
DIE
S ON
OCE
AN
OG
RAPH
Y,
DED
ICA
TED
TO
PR
OF.
H
IDA
KA
IN
CO
MM
EMO
RATI
ON
OF
HIS
SI
XT
IET
H
BIR
THD
AY
*C-3
6 I.
Is
ozak
i T
he
Nu
mer
ical
Co
mp
uta
tio
n o
f th
e
Tsu
nam
i in
••
• (u
nkno
wn
in o
rig
inal)
GEO
PHY
SIC
AL
PAPE
RS
DED
ICA
TED
TO
PR
OF.
K
ENZO
SA
SSA
*C-3
7 H
. H
igu
chi
On
the B
ehav
ior
of
the C
hil
ean
Tsu
nam
i in
th
e S
eto
In
lan
d S
ea.
1964
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
1963
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
I (.oJ
0 0 I
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
C1assi~
ficati
on
LEC
TUR
E N
OTE
S ON
D
ISA
STE
R
PREV
ENTI
ON
, N
ati
on
al
Dis
ast
er
Pre
ven
tio
n A
sso
cia
tio
n
C-3
8 K
. H
ori
kaw
a T
he C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e an
d t
he
Su
bse
qu
ent
Tsu
nam
i.
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E C
HIL
EAN
TS
UN
AM
I O
F M
AY
24
, 1
96
0,
Miy
agi-
ken
C-3
9 Y
. K
ato
O
n th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
sun
ami.
C-4
0 T
. S
aij
o
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
suna
mi
in K
esen
-num
a B
ay.
C-4
1 I.
Kam
ei
The
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Inu
nd
ated
wate
r an
d
the D
amag
ing
Eff
ect
on
Bu
ild
ing
s in
th
e
Urb
an A
rea.
C
-42
I.
Kat
o
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
sun
ami.
C-4
3 Y
. K
ato
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n
the D
istr
icts
Dam
aged
b
y t
he C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e T
sun
ami.
C-4
4 T
. Iw
asak
i D
amag
e to
Pu
bli
c W
orks
al
on
g t
he sa
nri
ku
'C
oas
t b
y t
he
Ch
ilea
n T
suna
mi
and
Som
e
1961
C
hil
ean
19
60
C
hil
ean
1961
C
hil
ean
19
61
C
hil
ean
19
61
C
hil
ean
1961
C
hil
ean
19
61
C
hil
ean
Pre
ven
tiv
e M
easu
res
ag
ain
st
Tsu
nam
i D
isast
er.
DIS
AST
ER
IN
OH
FUN
ATO
BY
TH
E C
HIL
EAN
TS
UN
AM
I O
F 1
96
0,
Oh
fun
ato
-sh
i
C-4
5 Y
. K
ato
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
n
the A
reas
D
amag
ed b
y
1962
C
hil
ean
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e.
C-4
6 H
. F
uk
ui
The
S
an
rik
u T
suna
mi
Ind
uce
d b
y t
he
1962
C
hil
ean
C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
. D
am.
Tsu
. R
ep.
Tsu
nam
i
No
tes
I W o !-' I
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e
C-4
7 K
. T
anab
e C
hara
cte
rist
ics
of
the
Dam
age
to H
arb
ors
19
62
in t
he S
an
rik
u C
oast
al
Reg
ion
du
e to
th
e
Ch
ilean
Tsu
nam
i.
C-4
8 M
. S
ho
On
the D
amag
e to
Ho
usi
ng
. 1
96
2
C-4
9 S
. T
suru
ta
Var
iou
s M
easu
res
for
Dis
ast
er
Pre
ven
tio
n.
1962
C-5
0 S
oc.
fo
r th
e
Sy
nth
eti
c S
tud
y.
19
62
S
tud
y o
f th
e
Toh
oku
Dev
el.
NO
TES
ON T
HE
ABNO
RMAL
WEA
THER
S,
Ko
hch
i L
oca
l M
ete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
C-S
l K
oh
chi
Lo
cal
Met
. O
bse
rve
The
Tsu
nam
i In
du
ced
by
th
e C
hil
ean
Eart
h-
19
60
q
uak
e.
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
i-fi
cati
on
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Dam
.
Ch
ilean
T
su.
Dam
.
Ch
ilean
D
is.
Pre
vo
Ch
ilean
G
en.
Ch
ilean
T
suna
mi
! R
EPO
RT
ON
THE
ABNO
RMAL
WEA
THER
IN
TH
E 36
TH
YEA
R O
F TH
E SH
OWA
ERA
' (1
96
1),
N
O.
1.,
M
iyaz
aki
Lo
cal
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
C-S
2 M
iyaz
aki
Lo
cal
Met
. O
bse
rve
Rep
ort
on
th
e H
yu
ga-
nad
a E
arth
qu
ake.
19
61
Hyu
gana
da
Gen
.
SURV
EY
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E EA
RTH
QU
AK
E-IN
DU
CED
TS
UN
AM
I, N
O.
I,
Sen
dai
Dis
tric
t M
ete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
C-5
3 S
end
ai D
ist.
M
et.
Obs
erve
S
urv
ey R
epo
rt o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake-
Ind
uce
d
1963
It
uru
p
Tsu
nam
i:
The
Off
-Itu
rup
Ear
thq
uak
e In
du
ced
T
suna
mi
of
19
63
.
Gen
.
No
tes
Bu
il.
Dam
.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
I W
o N I
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
ficati
on
PR
OM
PT
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E EA
RTH
QU
AK
E-IN
DU
CED
TS
UN
AM
I C
-54
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
The
O
ff-I
turu
p E
arth
qu
ake-
Ind
uce
d
1963
It
uru
p
Gen
. M
et.
Ob
serv
e T
suna
mi
of
19
63
.
SURV
EY
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E EA
RTH
QU
AK
E-IN
DU
CED
TS
UN
AM
IS
IN T
HE
39T
H
YEA
R O
F TH
E SH
OWA
ERA
(1
96
4),
SE
ND
AI
ME~EOROLOGICAL
OB
SER
VA
TOR
Y,
Sen
dai
Dis
tric
t M
ete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
C-5
5 S
end
ai D
ist.
M
et.
Ob
serv
e O
n th
e T
suna
mi
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed i
n t
he
So
uth
ern
Part
of
Ala
ska
anoc
· S
tru
ck
Ja
pan
aro
un
d 1
9:3
0 o
n M
arch
2
8,
19
64
.
1964
A
lask
a
PRO
CEE
DIN
GS
OF
THE
SECO
ND
SY
NTH
ETIC
LE
CTU
RE
MEE
TIN
G
ON
THE
DIS
AST
ER
SC
IEN
CE
C-5
6 T
. K
anak
ubo
On
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e w
ith
Sp
ecia
l E
mp
has
is
on
th
e R
ela
tio
nsh
ip b
etw
een
D
amag
e an
d t
he G
roun
d C
on
dit
ion
.
1965
N
iig
ata
Tsu
nam
i
Dam
age
No
tes
Tsu
nam
i
Gro
und
INV
EST
IGA
TIO
N
REP
OR
T IN
196
4 O
F TH
E JA
PAN
SO
CIE
TY
OF
SOIL
MEC
HA
NIC
S AN
D FO
UN
DA
TIO
N
EN
GIN
EE
RS,
T
he
C-5
7
Jap
an S
ocie
ty o
f S
oil
Mec
han
ics
and
Fo
un
dat
ion
En
gin
eers
.
Inv
est
igati
on
o
f th
e M
etho
d fo
r S
oil
C
hara
cte
rist
ics
Ex
plo
rati
on
o
f th
e S
oft
G
roun
d in
th
e
Co
ord
inat
ed s
tud
y o
f th
e
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
Pre
ven
tio
n.
19
N
iig
ata
REP
OR
TS O
N T
HE
N
IIG
AT
A
EAR
THQ
UA
KE,
H
yd
rog
rap
hic
Dep
artm
ent,
M
arit
ime
Safe
ty A
genc
y
C-5
8 A
. M
ogi
Mov
emen
t o
f th
e
Sea
Bo
tto
m a
rou
nd
1
96
5
Nii
gata
A
was
him
a F
oll
ow
ing
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Gro
und
Geo
log
y
Crs
t.
Mvm
t.
I W
o W I
NO
. A
uth
or
C-5
9 S
. u
tash
iro
Tit
le
Geo
mag
net
ic
Cha
nge
Acc
ompa
nyin
g th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1965
N
iig
ata
C
ur.
&
M
ag. N
ote
s
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E GR
OUND
M
OVEM
ENT
CAU
SED
BY
TH
E N
IIG
AT
A
EART
HQ
UA
KE
ON
JUN
E 1
6,
19
64
, G
eog
rap
hic
al S
urv
ey
Inst
itu
te,M
inis
try
of
Co
nst
ructi
on
C-6
0 M
. T
ajim
a A
bnor
mal
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
Secu
lar
Cha
nge
1065
N
iig
ata
in
o
f G
eom
agne
tism
in
Jap
an
, esp
ecia
lly
in
th
e N
iig
ata
Dis
tric
t.
Cu
r.
&
Mag
.
PRO
MPT
R
EPO
RT
ON T
HE
EAR
THQ
UA
KE-
IND
UC
ED T
SUN
AM
IS
IN
1964
,SE
ND
AI
MET
EOR
OLO
GIC
AL
OB
SER
VA
TOR
Y,
NO
. 1
.
C-6
1
Sen
dai
Dis
tict ~eteor61ogical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
Sen
dai
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rv.
The
Tsu
nam
i In
du
ced
by
th
e N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake.
19
64
Nii
gata
T
suna
mi
SURV
EY
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E EA
RTH
QU
AK
E-IN
DU
CED
TS
UN
AM
IS
IN
THE
39TH
Y
EAR
OF
THE
SHOW
A ER
A
(19
64
),
SEN
DA
I ME
TEOR
OLOG
ICJI
~L O
BSE
RV
ATO
RY
, N
o.
2.,
1
Sen
d-ai
D
istr
ict
Met
eoro
loq
ica1
Ob
serv
ato
ry
C-6
2 S
end
ai D
ist.
M
et.
Ob
serv
. T
he
Tsu
nam
i In
du
ced
by
th
e N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake.
19
64
Nii
gata
T
suna
mi
SURV
EY
REP
OR
T ON
TH
E AB
NORM
AL W
EATH
ER
IN 1
96
4,
No
.3.
! T
okyo
D
istr
ict
Mete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry
C-6
3 T
okyo
Dis
t.
Met
. O
bse
rv.
Rep
ort
on
Ear
thq
uak
es
and
Tsu
nam
is:
1964
N
iig
ata
G
en.
The
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e o
n J
un
e 1
6,
19
64
. T
suna
mi
I w
0 ..,. i
No.
A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
GU
IDEL
INES
FO
R E
DU
CA
TIO
N
ON
DIS
AST
ER
PR
EVEN
TIO
N
(40
th Y
EAR
OF
THE
SHOW
A ERA,1965~
Min
istr
y o
f E
du
cati
on
C-6
4 S
. H
azam
a O
n th
e D
amag
e to
Ed
ucati
on
al
Facil
itie
s.
19
66
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
C-6
5 N
. T
akeu
chi
Mem
oirs
o
f th
e T
ech
nic
al
Res
earc
h
19
66
N
iig
ata
B
uil
. D
am.
Co
mm
itte
e o
n t
he N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
No
tes
STU
DY
ON
TH
E F
IRE
D
ISA
STE
R C
AU
SED
BY
TH
E N
IIG
AT
A
EART
HQ
UA
KE:
EM
ERG
ENCY
CO
UN
TERM
EASU
RES
AG
AIN
ST
FIR
E,
EDIT
ED
BY
THE
FIR
E D
EFEN
SE B
OA
RD
, N
ati
on
al
Pre
ss o
n A
dd
itio
n a
nd
Ex
clu
sio
n o
f L
aws
and
Ord
inan
ces
C-6
6 I.
Ino
ue
Ear
thq
uak
es a
nd
F
ires.
19
65
Nii
gata
F
ire
C-6
7 K
. T
ogaw
a O
n th
e
Ev
acu
atio
n P
roce
du
re in
th
e
1965
N
iig
ata
O
ther
s E
ven
t o
f an
E
arth
qu
ake.
C-6
8 K
. Iz
ek
i G
eo
lgic
al
Stu
dy
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.1
96
5
Nii
gata
G
eolo
gy
C-6
9 K
. Iz
ek
i F
un
dam
enta
l M
easu
res
for
the E
arth
qu
ake
19
65
N
iig
ata
D
is.
Pre
vo
D
isast
er
Pre
ven
tio
n.
FALL
MEE
TIN
G
OF
THE
JAPA
N
SOC
IETY
FO
R F
IRE
SC
IEN
CE
, 1
96
4,
The
Ja
pan
So
cie
ty f
or
Fir
e S
cien
ce
C-7
0 K
. K
amei
C-7
1 R
. A
rai
Fir
e
Fo
llo
win
g
the N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
isast
er
Cau
sed
by
th
e
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
1.
Fir
e o
f th
e
Nii
gata
Oil
Facto
ry,
Show
a S
ekiy
a C
o.,
L
td.)
.
1964
N
iig
ata
F
ire
1964
N
iig
ata
F
ire
I W
o (J1
I
NO
. A
uth
or
Tit
le
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
C-7
2 Y
. H
oson
o R
epo
rt o
n t
he D
isast
er
du
e to
th
e
19
64
N
iig
ata
D
amag
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
2
. D
amag
e to
th
e F
ire-S
erv
ice A
rran
gem
ent)
.
AN
NU
AL
REP
OR
T O
F TH
E R
ESEA
RC
H
INST
ITU
TE
O
F TH
E SH
IMIZ
U
CO
NST
UC
TIO
N
CO
.,
LT
D.,
S
him
izu
Co
nst
ructi
on
C
o.,
L
td.
C-7
3
C-7
4
H.
Yam
ahar
a A
Co
nsi
dera
tio
n o
f th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.1
96
5
Nii
jim
a
PRO
MPT
R
EPO
RT
ON
TH
E EA
RTH
QU
AK
E
Ohs
him
a W
eath
er S
ta.
The
Ear
thq
uak
e Sw
arm
in
th
e N
ort
her
n
Part
of
the Iz
u I
slan
ds
in D
ec.,
1
96
4.
19
65
N
iiji
ma
Gen
.
Gen
.
REP
OR
TS
ON
TH
E A
BNO
RMA
L W
EATH
ER
IN 1
96
5,
No
.2.
, S
en
dai
Dis
tric
t M
ete
oro
log
ical
ob
serv
ato
ry
C-7
5 S
end
ai D
ist.
M
et.
Ob
serv
. R
epo
rt o
n T
sun
ami:
T
he
Tsu
nam
i in
th
e M
idst
of
the
Ale
uti
an
Dis
tric
t w
hic
h S
tru
ck
Jap
an
aro
un
d
18
:00
on
F
eb
ruary
4,
19
65
.
19
65
T
su.
Dam
.
REP
OR
TS
ON
THE
ABN
ORM
AL
WEA
THER
IN
1
96
6
,Nag
ano
L
oca
l M
ete
oro
log
ical
Ob
serv
ato
ry,
Tok
yo D
istr
ict
Met
eoro
lo
gic
al
Ob
serv
ato
ry
C..,
76
C-7
7
Tok
yo D
ist.
M
et.
Ob
serv
.
"
Rep
ort
on
Eart
hq
uak
es:
T
he
Swar
m E
art
h
qu
akes
in
Mats
ush
iro
-sh
i,
Nag
ano
-ken
si
nce A
ug
ust
, 1
96
5.
19
66
M
ats
ush
iro
G
en.
Rep
ort
on
Eart
hq
uak
es:
T
he
Sw
arn
Eart
h-
19
66
q
uak
es
(Part
2
. Ja
n.
21
, to
Ju
ne
30
, 1
96
6).
M
ats
ush
iro
G
en.
I W
o (j\ I
No.
A
uth
or
FIL
MS
D-l
D-2
D-3
N
iig
ata
Dail
y
New
s P
ress
AER
IAL
PHO
TOG
RAPH
S
D-4
Tit
le
The
Gre
at
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
in t
he
Metr
op
oli
ce,
Tok
yo,
on
Sep
t.
1,
19
23
. (3
5mm
, S
ilen
t,
Two
Reels
).
The
K
ita-I
zu
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er.
(3
5mm
, S
ilen
t, ~NO
Reels
).
The
N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
(16m
m,
One
h
alf
-ho
ur
Reel)
.
Aeri
al
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s R
ela
ted
to
th
e N
iig
ata
E
arth
qu
ake.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Kan
to
Izu
Nii
gata
Nii
gata
OTH
ERS
(UN
DER
IN
VE
STIG
AT
ION
)
1 2 3
Lan
d S
urv
ey
Dep
artm
ent
Po
lice D
ep
t.,
Aic
hi-
ken
C.
Um
ehar
a
Mea
sure
men
t o
f th
e V
ert
ical
Gro
und
Mov
em
ent
in t
he R
egio
n S
hak
en b
y t
he
Noh
bi
Ear
thq
uak
e o
f 1
89
1.
Rec
ord
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
on
O
cto
ber
2
8,
18
91
.
1907
N
ohbi
(1
891)
1892
N
ohbi
(1
891)
Rec
ord
of
the S
hin
-u E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er.
1
89
1
Cla
ssi-
No
tes
ficati
on
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Oth
ers
Su
b.
&
Uph
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
I W
o -...]
I
NO
.
4 5 6 7 8 9
10
11
12
13
14
Au
tho
r
M.
Mo
rish
ima
T.
Wata
nab
e
T.
Sato
Inv
est.
O
ff.
of
the
Ry
o-U
E
qk
e.
Dis
aste
r
Ho
st o
f th
e
Kak
use
i-sh
a
Lan
d S
urv
ey
D
ep
art
men
t
Ish
ino
mak
i W
eath
er
Sta
.
Sh
iga-k
en
Ko
be
Weath
er
Nag
asa
ki
Weath
er
Sta
.
Tit
le
Date
E
art
hq
uak
e
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
Th
e R
eal
Co
nd
itio
n o
f th
e
No
hb
i E
art
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r.
Ou
tlin
e o
f th
e E
art
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r in
Y
am
ag
ata
-ken
.
18
91
N
oh
bi
(l8
91
)
18
95
S
ho
hn
ai
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
o
n th
e E
art
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r 1
89
5
Sh
oh
nai
in th
e
Sh
oh
nai
Dis
tric
t in
th
e M
eij
i E
ra.
Reco
rd o
f th
e
Dev
asta
tin
gly
Dis
astr
ou
s
18
94
S
ho
hn
ai
Ry
o-U
E
art
hq
uak
e.
(wit
h a
n
Ap
pen
dix
o
n
the E
art
hq
uak
e
Reco
rd in
Ja
pan
)
Reco
rd o
f th
e G
reat
Sh
oh
nai
Eart
hq
uak
e
18
94
S
ho
hn
ai
in th
e M
eij
i E
ra.
Su
mm
ary
T
ab
le o
f th
e D
isaste
r in
th
e
Co
asta
l R
eg
ion
of
Iwate
-ken
by
th
e
San
rik
u T
sun
am
i.
An
om
alo
us
Tid
al
Lev
els
at
the
To
ho
ku
C
oast
of
the Ja
pan
S
ea in
th
e
Ev
en
t o
f R
ecen
t T
sun
am
is
(in
E
ng
lish
)
Rep
ort
o
n th
e
Rik
uzen
E
art
hq
uak
e o
f M
ay
12
, 1
90
0.
Reco
rds
of
the E
art
hq
uak
e D
isaste
r R
eli
ef
in S
hig
a-k
en
.
18
96
S
an
rik
u
(18
96
)
18
96
S
an
rik
u
(18
96
)
19
00
R
iku
zen
19
12
Rep
ort
o
n t
he E
art
hq
uak
e o
f N
ov
. 2
6,
19
16
. 1
91
7
Ak
ash
i
Bri
ef
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
art
hq
uak
e
in th
e
Ch
ich
iish
i-N
ad
a,
Biz
en
-no
-ku
ni.
1
92
3
Sh
imab
ara
Gen
.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Gen
.
Gen
.
Tsu
nam
i
Tsu
nam
i
Gen
.
Dam
age
Gen
.
Gen
.
No
tes
I W
o CX)
I
No.
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Au
tho
r
Ky
oto
-fu
Wak
ayam
a L
oca
l M
et.
Ob
serv
e
Mo
rio
ka
Lo
cal
Met
. O
bser
ve
Fu
ku
i-k
en
Tit
le
The
Oku
-Tan
go E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er.
Rep
ort
on
th
e E
arth
qu
ake
in t
he
Low
er A
rita
gaw
a.
Rep
ort
on
th
e S
an
rik
u T
sun
ami.
Gen
eral
S
urv
ey
on t
he G
reat
Ear
thq
uak
e D
isast
er
on
Ju
ne
28
, 1
94
8.
Pu
b1
. W
ork
Di v
.,
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e d
ue
to
the.
E
1ec
. Po
w.
Tec
h.
To
kac
hi-
ok
i E
arth
qu
ake.
R
esea
rch
In
st.
Sap
po
ro D
ist.
M
et.
Ob
serv
e
..
Ku
shir
o R
ailw
ay
Man
age.
B
ur.
Mai
nte
nan
ce
Dep
t.,
Ho
kk
aid
o
E1
ec.
Com
. B
ur.
Co
nst
. D
iv.,
H
ok
kai
do
Sap
po
ro R
ailw
ay
Man
age.
B
ur.
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
The
Sei
smic
In
ten
sity
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
the T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n th
e D
amag
e R
esu
ltin
g
fro
m t
he T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Su
rvey
Rep
ort
on
the E
arth
qu
ake
on
Mar
. 4
, 1
95
2:
The
Doh
to D
istr
ict,
n
amel
y,
Hid
aka,
T
ok
ach
i an
d K
ush
iro
Dis
tric
ts.
Gen
eral
S
urv
ey o
f B
uil
din
g D
amag
e F
ol
low
ing
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e by
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e in
th
e
Reg
ion
un
der
th
e
Juri
sdic
tio
n o
f th
e S
app
oro
Rai
lway
M
anag
emen
t B
ure
au.
Dat
e E
arth
qu
ake
Cla
ssi
ficati
on
1928
T
ango
G
en.
Ari
tag
awa
Gen
.
1933
S
an
rik
u
(19
33
)
Tsu
nam
i
Fu
ku
i D
amag
e
To
kac
hi-
ok
i D
amag
e
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Gen
.
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Oth
ers
19
52
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
To
kac
hi-
ok
i D
amag
e
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Bu
i1.
Dam
.
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
No
tes
I W
o W
I
NO
.
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
ifi
cati
on
Dep
t.
of
Rai
lway
Sk
etch
Map
o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dam
age
to
En
g.,
H
ok
kai
do
th
e M
ain
Rai
lway
Lin
es
un
der
th
e
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Un
ivers
ity
Ju
risd
icti
on
of
the K
ush
iro
Rai
lway
M
anag
emen
t B
ure
au.
Y.
Sak
ai
Y.
Sak
ai
S.
Kon
T.
Sak
ai
T.
Sak
ai
Dep
t.
of
Geo
!.,
Ho
kk
aid
o U
niv
.
Dep
t.
of
Arc
h.,
H
ok
kai
do
Un
iv.
Dep
t.
of
Arc
h.,
H
ok
kai
do
Un
iv.
Mo
rio
ka
Lo
cal
Met
. O
bser
ve
Pro
mp
t S
urv
ey R
epo
rto
n
the T
Ok
ach
i-o
ki
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
. E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er.
Pro
mp
t S
urv
ey R
epo
rt
on
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
. E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er
(sec
on
d R
ep
ort
).
Ph
oto
gra
ph
Alb
um o
f th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Pu
bl.
D
am.
Ear
thq
uak
e D
amag
e to
th
e B
rid
ge
Str
uctu
res
un
der
th
e J
uri
sdic
tio
n o
f th
e H
idak
a R
ailw
ay M
anag
emen
t B
ure
au.
Pro
mp
t R
epo
rt o
n S
ilo
Dam
age
aro
un
d
Ok
eda-
cho
du
e to
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Pro
mp
t R
epo
rt o
n t
he
To
kac
hi-
ok
i E
arth
qu
ake.
Pro
mp
t R
epo
rt o
n t
he
To
kac
hi-
ok
i E
arth
qu
ake.
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Ear
thq
uak
e (P
art
2
).
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e D
amag
e d
on
e b
y t
he
To
kac
hi-
ok
i E
arth
qu
ake
(Part
1).
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Dam
age
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
1952
T
ok
ach
i-o
ki
Srv
y.
Rep
.
On
the T
suna
mi
Fo
llo
win
g r
.h~
Ear
thq
uak
e 19
53
-Kam
chat
ka
wh
ich
Occ
urr
ed o
ff t
he S
ou
theast
ern
Part
T
su.
Rep
.
of
the K
amch
atka
Pen
insu
la.
No
tes
I LV
I-'
o I
No.
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
Au
tho
r T
itle
D
ate
Ear
thq
uak
e C
lass
ifi
cati
on
Mo
rio
ka
Lo
cal
Gen
eral
R
epo
rt o
n t
he
Ch
ilea
n E
arth
qu
ake-
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
Met
. O
bser
ve
Ind
uce
d T
suna
mi
in I
wat
e-k
en.
Tok
ushi
ma
Lo
cal
Gen
eral
Rep
ort
on
th
e C
hil
ean
Ear
thq
uak
e-1
96
0
Ch
ilean
T
suna
mi
Met
. O
bse
rve
Ind
uce
d T
sun
ami.
Asi
an A
eri
al
Aeri
al
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s o
f th
e
Ch
ilea
n
19
60
C
hil
ean
T
suna
mi
Su
rvey
Co
.,
Ltd
. T
suan
mi.
Gen
. A
ffair
s O
n th
e N
agao
ka E
arth
qu
ake
as
Su
rvey
ed
Nag
aoka
G
en.
Div
.,
Nii
gata
-ken
Feb
ruary
25
, 1
96
1.
Toh
oku
Bra
n.
Jap
. N
at.
Rai
lway
Gen
eral
Su
rvey
of
the E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
as-
.19
62
M
iyag
i-k
ita D
amag
e te
r:
The
E
arth
c';"
lake
in
th
e N
ort
her
n
Part
of
Miy
agi-
ken
.
Co
nst
.& M
ain
t.
Gen
eral
S
urv
ey o
f th
e E
arth
qu
ake
Dis
ast
er.
D
i v.,
K
anaz
awa
Rail
. M
anag
. B
ur.
Ech
izen
m
isak
a D
amag
e
No
tes
Res
. L
ab
.,
Tod
a -g
um
i C
o.,
L
td.
Rep
ort
on
th
e N
iig
ata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
19
64
N
iig
ata
S
rvy
. R
ep.
Rep
ort
No.
5
A.
Yag
i
Nii
gata
Nat
. R
ds.
C
on
str.
O
ff.,
M
in.
of
Co
nst
ructi
on
Geo
log
ical
Rep
ort
by
th
e T
eik
ok
u S
ekiy
u
Co
.,
Ltd
: O
n th
e G
rav
ity
Val
ue
~fter
the
Nii
gata
Ear
thq
uak
e.
Pla
ne F
igu
re in
dic
ati
ng
th
e R
esu
lt o
f th
e
Inv
est
igati
on
of
the
Roa
d F
ou
nd
atio
n i
n
the
Reg
ion
Sh
aken
by
th
e N
iig
ata
Eart
h
qu
ake.
Nii
gata
G
rav
ity
Nii
gata
G
roun
d D
amag
e