bukharian [central asian jewish]

8/10/2019 BUKHARIAN [Central Asian Jewish]

1/41

Bukharian Jewish

Language

Zaboni Yahudihoyi Buxori


2/41

ALPHABET

Corresponding letters and sounds

Latin Letters

(Bukharian)

English LettersRussian

letters

Hebrew

lettersA a A

B b B

V v V ,

G g ! " #

D d $ % &

E e E '

Yo yo *+ -.

Zh zh /H 0 .1

Z z / 2 1

I i 3 4 .

Y y * 5 .

K k 6 7 8

l L 9 :

! " ; < = ,>

# n ? @ ,

$ o + + C

% p D F


3/41

& r R G

' s I J K ,

( t M M N ,O

) u P Q S

* + T U ,W

, h sXYt sXunZing H [ \ ,]

Ch -h JH ^ ._

'h sh IH `

. sign YXr searatiXn XYletters

c d

E e E .S

Yu yu *P f .

Ya ya *A .

). u.rXnXuneZ as sXunZ XY

ea in wXrZ earlj kS

/ 0rXnXueZ as in

wXrZ XnsXnant

Gh gh

rXnXuneZ as sXunZ

gh in wXrZ

AYghanistan

"[ #

1 2 harZ sXunZing H [ m o

3 4 p %0 .#

?Xteq

Mhe letter XY ,shXulZ be rXnXuneZ sXYter than usual English h while

letter 1shXulZ be rXnXuneZ harZer than usual English h

TXr ealeq


4/41

Hayim the liYe

Xursand ;errj haj

Mhe letter ).shXulZ be rXnXuneZ as letters eain the English wXrZ earlj

Mhe letter /shXulZ be rXnXuneZ as in English wXrZ XnsXnant

LESSON ONE

Mhe arZinal nubers

v Xne yak

twX du

x three sey YXur -hor

z Yi{e pan4

| si shish

} se{en ha+t

~ eight hasht

nine no.hv ten dah

vv ele{en yozdah

v twel{e duvozdah

vx thirteen senzdah

vy YXurteen -hordah

vz YiYteen ponzdah

v| siteen shonzdah


5/41


6/41

yaku" Yirst

duyu" seXnZ

seyu" thirZ

-horu" YXurth

pan4u" YiYth

bistu seyu" twentj thirZ

sadu navadu ha+tu" Xne hunZreZ anZ ninetj se{enth

TratiXns

Ealeq

Az -hor se three uarters (three YXurths)

Az se du twX thirZs


7/41

,o"e 5ork6 7rite the +ollo5ing 5ords in Bu2ori8

Iitj Xne (|v)

Mwentj twX ()

Eighth (~th)

+ne hunZreZ ninetj YiYth (vzth)

MwX YXurth (y)

LESSON TWO

3n the Buharianpewish language as in Xther languages there are wXrZs

letters in whih rXnXune ZiYYerentlj than are written TXr a Xrret

rXnuniatiXn XY the wXrZs in the Buharianpewish language ZiYYiult

wXrZs will be written in a transritiXn 3n anj ases the letter h ZXesnt

rXnXune at the enZ XY the wXrZs YXr ealeq

no.h[no] nine

dah [da] tenyozdah[yoza] ele{en

duvozdah[doza] twel{e

senzdah[senza] thirteen

-hordah[chorda] YXurteen

ponzdah[ponza] YiYteen

shonzdah[shonza] siteen

habdah [habda] se{enteen


8/41

hashtdah[hashda] eighteen

nuzdah[nuzda] nineteen

pan4oh[panjo] YiYtj

earn the +ollo5ing 5ords8

Yakshanbe[yakshame] IunZaj

Dushanbe[dushame] ;XnZaj

'eshanbe[seshame] MuesZaj

Chorshanbe[chorshame] eZnesZaj

%an4shanbe[panshame] MhursZaj

3u"9a TriZaj

'habot IaturZaj

&o:z Zaj

,a+ta wee

!oh Xnth

'ol jear

I"ro:z tXZaj

%agah tXXrrXw

Dina jesterZaj

I"ro:z shabot tXZaj is IaturZaj

I"ro:z yakshanbe tXZaj is IunZaj

It is ne-essary to note; that so"e Bukharian 3e5s use the +ollo5ing

5ords +or days o+ 5eek8

Yakshabot IunZaj

Dushabot ;XnZaj

'eshabot MuesZaj


9/41

Chorshabot eZnesZaj

%an4shabot MhursZaj

&o:zi erev


10/41

LESSON 3


!ishpoho; oila Yailj

Dada ZaZ

$-ha; ona X

%adar Yather (lit)

!odar Xther (lit)

Bobo [bovo] granZYather

Bibi [bivi] granZXther

Ba-ha; +arzand a hilZ

%isar sXn bXj

Du2tar Zaughter girl

Barodar brXther

Aka XlZer brXtherDodar; uka jXunger brXther

Apa XlZer sister

1ohar[xuvar] jXunger sister

#abera[navera] granZsXn granZZaughter

A"ak unle (YrX Yathers siZe)

(aghoi unle (YrX Xthers siZe)A""a aunt (YrX Yathers siZe)

1ola aunt (YrX Xthers siZe)

,over; do:st; 4o:ra YrienZ

Kitob [kitov] bXX


11/41

%ronouns

DrXnXun is the art XY seeh whih is nXt naing a subet but inZiates

it Mhe struture XY inZeenZent ersXnal rXnXuns XY the Buharianpewish

language is resulteZ belXwq

!an 3

(u jXu

'hu"o jXu (Xlite YXr)

!o we

$:; ha"o: he she

$nho thej

3n the rXnXuns Zesignating XY belXnging we are using suYYi i


12/41

%ossession

DXssessiXn is eresseZ in Xne XY twX wajsq

a) bj aZZing a set XY Xssessi{e enZings tX the nXun reresenting the thing

XssesseZ

b) bj relating the XssessXr anZ the thing XssesseZ bj eans XY an ezafe.

MhXs lessXn Zeals with these twX YXrs XY eressing XssessiXn

%ossession by adding possessive endings

MX YXr the Xssessi{e YXr XY nXun aZZ the YXllXwing enZings tX it

Mhese enZings an be attaheZ tX anj nXun that enZs in a XnsXnant

Ealeq

;j sXn pisar a" pisara"

*Xur sXn pisar at pisarat

Hisher sXn pisar ash pisarash

*Xur sXn (l Xr sing Xlite) pisarat on pisaraton

Mheir sXn pisar ashon pisarashon

3Y the nXun enZs in a {Xwel aZZ ya"at the anZ Ealeq

$naya"[onim] j X

Dadaya"[dadim] j ZaZ

Bibiya"[bivim] j granZXther

Boboya" [bovom] j granZYather

earn a proverb8

Dili modar ba farzand,

Dili farzand ba xorsan


13/41

3n translatiXn eansq

Heart XY Xther tX the hilZ

Heart XY hilZ tX the stXne

PseZ in ase when the hilZ ZXes nXt are abXut hisher Xther in tie

when heart XY the Xther thins abXut her hilZ

,o"e5ork

rite ZXwn the YXllXwing wXrZsq

;j Zaughter

Mheir Zaughter

Hisher Zaughter

*Xur Zaughter

*Xur Zaughter (l Xr sing Xlite)

;j Yailj

Mheir Yailj

Hisher Yailj

*Xur Yailj

*Xur Yailj (l Xr sing Xlite)


14/41

(he ans5ers to the ho"e5ork o+ the se-ond lesson8

MXZaj is ;XnZaj I"ro.z Dushanbe =i"ro.z dushabot>

MXZaj is MuesZaj I"ro.z 'eshanbe =i"ro.z seshabot>

MXZaj is eZnesZaj I"ro.z Chorshanbe =i"ro.z -horshabot>

MXZaj is MhursZaj I"ro.z %an4shanbe =i"ro.z pan4shabot>

MXZaj is TriZaj I"ro.z 3u"9a =i"ro.z ro:zi erev shabot>

LESSON !O"#

Re{iew lessXns $ne (5o anZ (hreebeYXre stuZjing this lessXn

Re{iew Alhabet Mable iY neessarj

earn the +ollo5ing 5ords and phrases8

'holu:" hellX

'holu:" 9ale2e"? eae YXr jXu (YXr XY greeting)

Va 9ale2e" sholu:"? answering YXr tX the IhXlu alee with

the sae eaning

Boru2 habo@ 2ush o"aded welXe (Xlite YXr)

#aghzed@ #aghz hasted are jXu all right (Xlite YXr)

Chitu:ed shu"o hXw are jXu (Xlite YXr)

'ihat hasted@ 'alo"at hasted hXw ZX jXu Yeel (Xlite YXr)

Chi gapi toza whats new


15/41

Chi tu: shud what haeneZ

Boru2 ,ashe"?@ 1udoba shukr? [shukur] Mhans !XZ

!an naghz hasta"@ !an naghz@ naghza" 3 all right'alo"atiya"[salomatim] naghz ='alo"atiyi "an naghz> 3 Yeel gXXZ

'alo"atiya"[salomatim] naghz nest 3 ZXnt Yeel well

'hu"oro dida 2ursand shuda" nie tX eet jXu (Xlite YXr)

&ah"at@ 0ulu0 thans

'ihat[shat] boshed@ 'ihat


16/41

belXw shXws the {erbs in in+initive +or"in Buharianpewish language

then baseXY the {erb in resent tense anZ its "eaningin English

3nYiniti{e in Buharian Base ;eaning

$Xnistanan don tX nXw (a thing)

!iriYt an gir tX tae

!uYt an gu:y tX saj

IhinXt an shinos tX nXw (a ersXn)

Ma{Xnist an ton an

'i"ple %resent (ense

Mhis tense reYers tX an atiXn that is haening nXw Xr Xne that will haen

sXXn in the Yuture MX YXr this tense jXu neeZ tXq

a) tae the baseXY the {erb

b) aZZ reYi "e


17/41

,o5 to use the verb endings8

Pse


18/41

TXr negati{e YXr XY the {erb aZZ na


19/41


20/41

RXhelq 'holu:" aka %inhos? #aghzed Chitoed shu"o 'ihat< salo"at

hasted(HellX ;r DinhXs Are jXu all right HXw are jXu HXw ZX jXu Yeel)

DinhXsq 'holu:" apa &ohel? Boru2 ,ashe"; "an naghz hasta"6

Chi gipi toza

(HellX ;s RXhel Mhans !XZ 3 all right hats new YrX jXu)

RXhelq !an; 1udoba shukr ru:zi yakshanbe t+ilin


21/41

,o"e5ork8

rite ZXwn net hrases in Dresent Mense with {erb giri+tan (tX tae)whih base is


22/41

Hisher Zaughterq Du2tari u. Du2tarash

*Xur Zaughterq Du2tari tu Du2tarat

*Xur Zaughter (Xlite)q Du2tari shu"o Du2taraton

;j Yailjq $ilayi "an; !ishpohoyi "an $ilaya"; !ishpohoya"

Mheir Yailjq $ilayi onho; !ishpohoyi onho $ilayashon;

!ishpohoyashon

Hisher Yailjq $ilayi u.; !ishpohoyi u. $ilayash; !ishpohoyash

*Xur Yailjq $ilayi tu; !ishpohoyi tu $ilayat; !ishpohoyat

*Xur Yailj (Xlite)q $ilayi shu"o; !ishpohoyi shu"o $ilayaton;

!ishpohoyaton

LESSON !-E


Za"iston winter

Bahor sring

(obiston suer

(ira"oh autun Yall

Yanvar panuarj

*evral Tebruarj

!art ;arh

Aprel Aril

!ay ;aj

Iyun pune


23/41

Iyul pulj

Avgust August

'entyabr Ieteber

$ktyabr +tXber

#oyabr ?X{eber

Dekabr $eeber

$bu havo weather

1unuk XlZ

'al0in XXlGar" war hXt

Aver havo air

Bar+ snXw

Boron rain

$s"on sho"ai" sj

$+tob Iun!ahtob ;XXn

'itora star lanet

&u:z Zaj

I"ru:z tXZaj

Aknun hozir nXw sXXn

'o9at tie wath lX

#o" nae

*a"iliya last nae

?Xw is a suer hozir tobiston hast

hat is the Xnth nXw ,ozir kado" "oh hast

?Xw is pune ,ozir Iyun hast?Xw is Ieteber ,ozir sentyabr hast


24/41

hat is the tie 'o9at -hand shud

Mhe tie is three XlX anZ vz inutes so9at seyu ponzdah "inut

shud

Mhe tie is twX XlX anZ xz inutes so9at duyu siyu pan4 "inut

shud

Mhe tie is ele{en XlX so9at yozdah shud

Mhe weather is hXt tXZaj i"ru:z havo gar"

Mhe weather is XXl tXZaj i"ru:z havo sal0in

Mhe weather is gXXZ tXZaj i"ru:z havo naghz

Mhe weather is nXt baZ tXZaj i"ru:z havo bad nest

hat is jXur nae #o"i tu -hi hast =#o"at -hist>(sing)

#o"i shu"o -hi hast=#o"aton -hist>(resetYul)

;j nae is DinhXs #o"i "an %inhos hast =#o"a" %inhos hast>

HXw XlZ are jXu 'hu"o -hand sola shuded(resetYul)

(u -hand sola shudi(sing)3 twentj twX jears XlZ !an bistu du sola shuda"

3 eighteen jears XlZ !an hazhdah sola shuda"

3nYiniti{e in Buharian Base ;eaning

IhuZ


25/41

7rite do5n the +ollo5ing 5ords and phrases8

?Xw is +tXber

?Xw is Aril

?Xw is autun (Yall)

Mhe weather is XlZ tXZaj

3 YiYteen jears XlZ

3 thirtj Yi{e jears XlZ

Mhe tie is Yi{e XlX anZ inutes

Mhe tie is se{en XlX anZ v inutes

(he ans5ers to the ho"e5ork +or the +ourth lesson8

3 tae "an "egira"*Xu tae tu "egiri

Heshe taes u: "egirad

e tae "o "egire"

*Xu (Xlite) tae shu"o "egired

*Xu (lural) tae shu"o "egireton

Mhej tae onho "egirand

3 an "an "etavona"

*Xu an tu "etavoni

Heshe an u: "etavonad

e an "o "etavone"

*Xu (Xlite) an shu"o "etavoned

*Xu (lural) an shu"o

"etavoneton

Mhej an onho "etavonand

3 ZXnt tae "an na"egira"

*Xu (sing) ZXnt tae tu na"egiri

Heshe ZXesnt tae u: na"egirad

e ZXnt tae "o na"egire"

*Xu (Xlite) ZXnt tae shu"o na"egired

*Xu (lural) ZXnt taeshu"o na"egireton

Mhej ZXnt tae onho na"egirand

3 ant "an na"etavona"

*Xu ant tu na"etavoni

Heshe ant u: na"etavonad

e ant "o na"etavone"

*Xu (Xlite) ant shu"o na"etavoned

*Xu (lural) ant shu"o na"etavoneton

Mhej ant onho na"etavonand


26/41

LESSON SX

Learn the YXllXwing wXrZsq

!eva Yruit

'abzavot {egetable

'ebse{ ale

#oshpoti ear

$lu lu

$lu-ha herrj

Gelos sweet herrj

Angur grae

An4ir Yig

(ut ulberrj

'ha+tolu eah

Anor Xegranate

1ur"o Zate

(arbuz waterelXn

1arbuza elXn


27/41

Kadu uin

Kartoshka XtatX

%iyoz XniXn

'abzi arrXt

!andu:ra@ po"idor tXatX

Bodaring uuber

Kara" abbage

Ala+i osh XrianZer

ablabulabla{u beetrXXt

'halgha" turni

(urb-ha raZish

u:biyo bean

Colors8

&ang XlXr

'ur2 reZ

'ub


28/41

Kabuda{uZ green blue

$s"onrang blue

Kap


29/41

Chandta hXw anj

In+initive in

Bukharian

Base !eaning

Dos&$an .dor. $o &a/(0 $o o%n

The verb dos&$an is an exception to the m( rule !hich !e add in the

"resent tense. Therefore# to form the present tense of this verb# you should

add the endin$s of the "resent base% no m( is re&uired. To form the

ne$ative# add na as usual directly to the base.

TXr ealeq

%ositive +or" #egative +or"

!an dora" I have@

(u dori You have@

'hu"o dored You =resp6> have@

): dorad ,eshe has@

!o dore" 7e have@

'hu"o doreton You have =pl6>@

$nho dorand (hey have

!an nadora" I don:t have@

(u nadori You don:t have@

'hu"o nadored You =resp6> don:t have@

): nadorad ,eshe hasn:t

!o nadore" 7e don:t have@

'hu"o nadoreton You don:t have =pl6>@

$nho nadorand (hey don:t have

ReZ ale sebi sur2

*ellXw ear noshpotiyi zard

hite XniXn piyozi sa+ed

?Xt sweet waterelXn tarbuzi be"aza

IXur lu olu-hayi turush


30/41

Iweet eah sha+toluyi ba"aza

3 ha{e Yi{e sweet ales "an pan4ta sebi shirin dora"

3 ha{e twX {erj reZ sweet ales "an duta sebi sub


31/41

HXw anj bXXs ZX jXu ha{e

IhuX hanZtaitXb ZXreZ

HXw anj bXXs ZX jXu ha{e (resetYul)

P hanZtaitXb ZXraZ

HXw anj bXXs ZXes heshe ha{e

IhuX hanZtaitXb ZXretXn

HXw anj bXXs ZX jXu ha{e (lural)

+nhX hanZtaitXb ZXranZ

HXw anj bXXs ZX thej ha{e

P setaitXb ZXraZ Heshe has three bXXs

;X setaitXb ZXre e ha{e three bXXs

+nhX setaitXb ZXranZ Mhej ha{e three bXXs

,o"e5ork8

7rite do5n the +ollo5ing senten-es in Bukhori8

HXw anj ears ZX jXu ha{e

HXw anj uubers ZXes heshe ha{e

HXw anj lus ZX thej ha{e

3 ha{e three {erjjellXw ears

Heshe has three tXatXes

e ha{e three ears

Mhej ha{e three sweetherries


32/41


33/41

%adarshu: Yather in law (husbanZs Yather)

!odarshu: Xther in law (husbanZs Xther)

9A"ak Yather in law (wiYes Yather) unle (brXther XY the Yather)

$-ha"o Xther in law (wiYes Xther)

Dodarshu: husbanZs brXther

1oharshu:u{arshu husbanZs sister

Dodar9aru:s wiYes brXther (brXther in law)

1ohar9aru:s wiYes sister (Zaughter in law)

Bo4a twX husbanZs XY twX sisters

Daghe-h twX wiYes XY twX brXthers

Yazna husbanZ XY the aunt Xr sister

(u:ti wiYe XY the brXther auntj (aZZressing tX anj XlZer wXen)

9Aberaa{era greatgranZsXn

*arnaberaYarna{era greatgreat granZsXn


34/41

6u(s$ions5

Ki whX

Chi what

Kay when

Kado" whih

Chuva Charo(lit) whj

Baroyi ki YXr whX

Baroyi -hi YXr what

Chi 2el hXw

Chand hXw uh

Chandta hXw anj

/ani Ku4o where

Az ku4o where YrX

nfini$i/( in Bu4&arian Pr(s(n$ Bas( 7(aninBudan


35/41

'hudan


36/41

Pas$ nd(fini$( T(ns( 8Sim+l( Pas$9

Mhe Iile Dast tense inZiates that an ati{itj Xr situatiXn began anZ

enZeZ at a artiular tie in ast

MX YXr a Iile Dast tense jXu neeZ tXq

a) tae an inYiniti{e {erb anZ tae Xut its inYiniti{e enZing an

TXr ealeq tX see ZiZan did tX gi{e ZXZan dod

b) aZZ neeZeZ {erb enZing


37/41

P ariZ heshe bXught

;X ariZe" we bXught

IhuX ariZed jXu bXught (Xlite)

IhuX ariZeton jXu bXught (l)

+nhX ariZand thej bXught

P naariZ heshe ZiZnt buj

;X naariZe" we ZiZnt buj

IhuX naariZed jXu ZiZnt buj (Xlite)

IhuX naariZeton jXu ZiZnt buj (l)

+nhX naariZand thej ZiZnt buj

?Xteq 3n the Xn{ersatiXn Buharian pews use enZing ak in the Dast

Mense tX the {erb YXllXwing the nXun heshe TXr ealeq Heshe ae

P XaZak

Ki o"ad whX ae

Chi gu+ted what ZiZ jXu saj (res)

Kay o"aded when ZiZ jXu Xe

Kado" "eva ovarded whih Yruit ZiZ jXu bring

Chuva gu+ted whj ZiZ jXu saj

Baroyi ki ovarded YXr whX ZiZ jXu bring

Baroyi -hi karded YXr what ZiZ jXu ZX

Chi 2el o"aded hXw ZiZ jXu Xe

Chand pul doded hXw uh Xnej ZiZ jXu gi{e

Chandta "eva 2arided hXw anj Yruits ZiZ jXu buj

Ku4o ra+ted where ZiZ jXu gX


38/41

Az ku4o o"aded where YrX ZiZ jXu Xe

L(arn $&( +ro/(rbs5

(ukharian "roverbs *n$lish Translation

Dara2ti ka-h rost na"eshavad;

"odarshu: ba kelin du:st

na"eshavad6

As -rooked tree 5ill not be straight; a

husband:s "other 5ill not be +riend o+

the daughter in la56

,ar -hi kuni ba 2ud kuni; 2oh

nek kuni 2oh bad kuni6

Everything 5hat you do; you do +or

yoursel+; and it doesn:t "atter that it:s

good or bad6

#(ad $&( dialou(

&aha"i" ens nae

,iz0iyo ens nae

&aha"i"8 ,a; "ulo ,izkiyo; sho:lo"? Chitu:yed shu"o !anshu"oro du sol nadida"6

(Hej ;r HiijX hellX HXw are jXu 3 ZiZnt see jXu YXr twX jears)

,iz0iyo8 'holu:"; "ulo &aha"i"? !an naghza"6 Boru2 ,ashe" yak

"oh pesh zan giri+ta"6 ,ozir "an zana" 0ati "eshina"6

(HellX ;r Rahai 3 gXXZ Mhans !XZ 3 gXt arrieZ Xne Xnth agX

?Xw 3 li{e with j wiYe)

&aha"i"8 !azoltu:v; "an na+ah"ida"


39/41

,iz0iyo8 Zana" az avlodi !oshe Kalontar; no"i u: Yashu9o hast6

(;j wiYe is YrX the Yailj XY ;Xshe 6alXntar her nae is *ushuX

&aha"i"8 2ay


40/41

Hom(%or45

rite ZXwn the YXllXwing sentenes in BuhXriq

3 ae 3 ZiZnt Xe

*Xu ae jXu ZiZnt Xe (res)

*Xu ae jXu ZiZnt Xe (l)

Heshe ae he she ZiZnt Xe

Mhej ae thej ZiZnt Xe

3 went 3 ZiZnt gX

*Xu went jXu ZiZnt gX (res)

*Xu went jXu ZiZnt gX (l)

Heshe went heshe ZiZnt gX

Mhej went thej ZiZnt gX

T&( ans%(rs $o $&( &om(%or4 for $&( six$& l(sson5

HXw anj ears ZX jXu ha{e 'hu"o -handta noshpoti dored

HXw anj uubers ZXes heshe ha{e ): -handta bodaring dorad

HXw anj lus ZX thej ha{e $nho -handta olu dorand

3 ha{e three {erjjellXw ears !an seta noshpotiyi zab


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Heshe has three tXatXes ): seta "andu:ra dorad6

e ha{e three ears !o seta noshpoti dore"6

Mhej ha{e three sweetherries $nho seta gelos dorand6

bukharian [central asian jewish]

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