building transnational solutions to global catastrophic risks james j. hughes ph.d. executive...
TRANSCRIPT
Building Transnational Solutions to Global Catastrophic RisksJames J. Hughes Ph.D.Executive Director, Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies http://ieet.org Assoc. Editor, Journal of Evolution and Technology Lecturer, Public Policy Studies, Trinity College
Nov 14, 2008 Mtn Vw, CAGlobal Catastrophic Risks
New Opportunities Federalist movement League of Nations United Nations EU and NATO “Coalition of the Willing” Decline of Pax Americana,
and the new multilateral order
The Obama Opening
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Global Superorganism
Gregory Stock Robert Wright Kevin Kelly Transnational institutions
as the forebrain of the global superorganism
Cognitive bias: lack of gov is bigger risk than too much
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Catastrophic risk mitigation requires universal mandatory policies. Technofixes or local piecemeal solutions are inadeqaute.
Barriers to Political Globalization Chinese engagement and
democratization Balancing military and economic
power with population Reforming global institutions to
ensure legitimacy Achieving local political support
for participation, financing
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Securing Financing Penalties for withholding
assessed contributions Global regulation of banking
and exchange Bretton Woods II
Reform of WTO, World Bank, IMF, create new institutions
Tobin tax on currency trading Carbon tax
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Unpaid Debts to the UN
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Including contributions owed to the Regular, Peacekeeping Operations and International Tribunals budgets.
UN Structures
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Disaster Preparedness Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-
2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters International Strategy for Disaster Reduction www.unisdr.org 1. Make disaster risk reduction a national and a local priority with a strong
institutional basis for implementation 2. Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning 3. Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and
resilience at all levels 4. Reduce the underlying risk factors 5. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels
UN Trust Fund for Disaster Reduction UN Refugee Agencies
unhcr.org More than 50 million refugees helped in 50
years
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Collective Security
UN Security Council Reform Current UN Peacekeeping
63 missions in 45 countries since 1945 Currently 10,000 personnel from 118
countries on 20 missions seven fold increase in UN peacekeepers
since 1999. Crippled by dependence on loaned
troops, passive role
Beyond UN Peacekeeping to standing UN army
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
World Law Enforcement Interpol
interpol.int UN Police Forces
17,000 police officers from 100 countries
International Criminal Courtgenocide, crimes against
humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression
International Court of Justicesettle legal disputes and give
advisory opinions
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Discourage Proliferation of WMDs Three major treaties:
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) -- 1968 Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) -- 1972 Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) – 1993
Dealing with legacy of Iraq North Korea and Iran UN Office for Disarmament Affairs International Atomic Energy Agency Organization for the Prohibition of
Chemical Weapons (OPCW) IAEA backed by force New agency with mandate for all WMD techs
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
SynBio and Bioweapons UN ODA’s Implementation
Support Unit (ISU) To support implementation of
the Biological Weapons Convention
George Church, NAS proposals for licensure, surveillance of DNA printers and syn-bio
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Famine and Ag Tech Transfer UN Food & Agricultural
Organisationfao.org
UN World Food Programwfp.org
UN Development Programme undp.org
Development, transfer, use of drought-resistant GM crops
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Pandemics World Health Organization
who.int WHO Epidemic and
Pandemic Alert and Responsewho.int/csr
Immediate communication & coordination with WHO
Strengthening, integrating health systems
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
NEO Detection & Deflection UN Office for Outer Space
Affairs unoosa.org
Association of Space Explorers lobbying for UNOOSA mandate
space-explorers.org
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Globalizing Space Exploration Demilitarize US Space Policy
Revoke Bush space policy, re-open negotiations on bans on space weapons
International Space Program Join 1967 Outer Space Treaty Promoting cooperation and forbidding
militarization of space
Regulate Space Junk, Satellites, and Weather Manipulation
Global Explorations Strategy group Italy, Japan, China, Britain, France, USA, India, Korea,
Ukraine, Russia, Canada, Germany, Australia and ESA, the European Space Agency
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
SETI Contact Protocols SETI Org Declaration of Principles
Concerning Activities Following the Detection of Extraterrestrial Intelligence
Coordinate news and response through the International Astronomical Union and Secretary General of the United Nations
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Cybersecurity & A-Life Threats 1996 Wassenaar
Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies 40 participating states regulates trade in cryptographic
software, expert systems and supercomputers
Need for Cyberlaw Treaties and CyberInterpol
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
Working with the Federalist Movement United Nations Association
unausa.org Citizens for Global Solutions
globalsolutions.org World Federalist Movement
Institute for Global Policywfm.org
Coalition for Democratic World Governmentcdwg.org
Committee for a Democratic UNkdun.org
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008
For more information Institute for Ethics
and Emerging Technologiesieet.org
Copyright Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies 2008