building the ubiquitous applications environment mobilife ... · building the ubiquitous...
TRANSCRIPT
Bui
ldin
g th
e ub
iqui
tous
ap
plic
atio
ns e
nviro
nmen
tM
obiL
ife, A
mbi
ent N
etw
orks
, and
SP
iCE
This
wor
k ha
s be
en p
erfo
rmed
in th
e fra
mew
ork
of th
e IS
T pr
ojec
tIST
-200
4-51
1607
Mob
iLife
, whi
ch is
par
tly
fund
ed b
y th
e Eu
rope
an U
nion
. The
aut
hor w
ould
like
to a
ckno
wle
dge
the
cont
ribut
ions
of t
he c
olle
ague
s fro
m
Nok
ia C
orpo
ratio
n, E
lisa
Cor
pora
tion,
Mot
orol
a SA
S, M
otor
ola
Ltd,
DoC
oMo
Com
mun
icat
ions
Lab
orat
ory
Euro
pe G
mbH
, Fra
unho
ferG
esel
lsch
aftz
urFö
rder
ung
dera
ngew
andt
enFo
rsch
ung,
Sie
men
s M
obile
C
omm
unic
atio
ns, E
ricss
on A
B, O
Y LM
Eric
sson
AB,
Hew
lett
Pack
ard
Italia
, Uni
vers
ity o
f Sur
rey,
Alc
atel
CIT
, N
EC E
urop
e Lt
d, U
nive
rsity
of H
elsi
nki,
Uni
vers
ity o
f Kas
sel,
Stic
htin
gTe
lem
atic
aIn
stitu
ut, N
EOS
Engi
neer
ing
SRL,
UN
IS, S
uunt
oO
y, B
ellS
tream
SP, H
elsi
nki U
nive
rsity
of T
echn
olog
y an
d Te
leco
m It
alia
.
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
052
Why
am
I he
re?
!C
onte
xtua
l ser
vice
s is
an
impo
rtant
futu
re d
evel
opm
ent
�B
ut n
ot y
et ri
pe fo
r sta
ndar
diza
tion
!Er
icss
on h
as p
artic
ipat
ed in
rese
arch
-w
e w
ant t
o co
ntrib
ute
to
stan
dard
izat
ion
�A
mbi
ent N
etw
orks
: Ser
vice
Inte
rface
(med
iatin
g ne
twor
k co
nnec
tivity
)�
SP
ICE
: Mid
dlew
are
arch
itect
ure,
con
trol,
and
man
agem
ent
�M
obiL
ife: U
ser a
pplic
atio
ns, e
spec
ially
use
r con
trol (
e.g.
Priv
acy
and
Gro
up m
anag
emen
t)!
Our
par
tner
s in
the
proj
ects
agr
ee �
so I
repr
esen
t mor
e th
an 6
0 co
mpa
nies
and
uni
vers
ities
alto
geth
er, i
n th
at s
ense
!W
e ha
ve to
geth
er, w
ith th
e su
ppor
t of t
he E
urop
ean
Uni
on 6
th
Fram
ewor
k pr
ogra
mm
e fo
r res
earc
h, in
vest
ed s
ever
al h
undr
ed
man
-yea
rs in
to th
is!
All t
he m
ater
ial m
entio
ned
is p
ublic
ly a
vaila
ble
�fo
r com
men
ts,
use,
and
par
tner
ing
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
053
Wha
t is
the
ubiq
uito
us w
eb?
!W
hat i
s th
e w
eb?
�A
cces
s m
etho
d to
stru
ctur
ed in
form
atio
n!
Not
just
by
peop
le!
Wha
t is
ubiq
uito
us?
�C
f. M
ark
Wie
ser
!�A
vaila
ble
ever
ywhe
re�
-P
erva
sive
, Am
bien
t are
syn
onym
s!
Wha
t is
the
ubiq
uito
us w
eb?
�S
truct
ured
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e ev
eryw
here
, for
ev
eryo
ne
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
054
Wha
t is
Con
text
? cf
. Mob
iLife
Frid
ay S
cena
rio (D
1.1)
!D
efin
ition
[Dey
and
Abo
wd]
: �A
ny in
form
atio
n th
at c
an b
e us
ed to
cha
ract
eriz
e th
e si
tuat
ion
of a
n en
tity.
An
entit
y is
a p
erso
n, p
lace
, or o
bjec
t tha
t is
cons
ider
ed re
leva
nt to
th
e in
tera
ctio
n be
twee
n a
user
and
an
appl
icat
ion,
in
clud
ing
the
user
and
app
licat
ions
them
selv
es.�
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
055
Use
r-cen
trici
ty m
eans
that
the
user
s�ne
eds,
exp
ecta
tions
and
re
quire
men
ts w
ill be
con
side
red
and
supp
orte
d by
all
syst
em le
vels
, fro
m
acce
ss a
nd c
ore
netw
orks
to s
ervi
ce
plat
form
s an
d ap
plic
atio
ns
Use
r Cen
trici
ty
Dia
gram
cou
rtesy
of W
WR
F
Mul
tiSph
ere
Mul
tiSph
ere
Con
cept
Con
cept
Shee
t 7Th
e ke
y co
ncep
ts
© E
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on A
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006
Joha
n H
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Con
text
Man
agem
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n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
056
ReconfigurabilityE2R II
Valid
ation
Migrati
on
User a
ccep
tanc
e
Mob
iLife
SPIC
E
Am
bien
t Net
wor
ksII
Win
ner I
I
Syste
m in
terfa
ces
Busin
ess m
odels
Com
mun
icat
ion
spac
e
Gen
eric
ser
vice
env
ironm
ent
Ser
vice
pla
tform
Net
wor
king
and
Mob
ility
man
agem
ent
Wire
less
and
wire
dac
cess
net
wor
ks
Wireless World InitiativeNic
er a
rchi
tect
ure
pict
ure
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
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Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
057
Ser
vice
s in
sm
all,
ad-h
oc g
roup
s
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
058
Fam
ily S
ervi
ces
© E
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B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
059
Kee
p tra
ck o
f you
r act
iviti
es
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0510
Spor
t sen
sors
!Su
unto
spor
t sen
sors
:�
T6 w
atch
�Fo
ot p
od (w
alki
ng
dist
ance
& s
peed
)�
Hea
rt ra
te b
elt
© E
ricss
on A
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006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
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agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0511
Poi
nts
of m
y in
tere
st
!Fi
nds
poin
ts o
f int
eres
t in
the
neig
hbou
rhoo
d!
Cur
rent
ly a
lim
ited
num
ber o
f ca
tego
ries,
onl
y in
The
N
ethe
rland
s!
Show
s ad
dres
s, p
hone
and
di
stan
ce in
form
atio
n!
Sele
ctin
g a
cate
gory
will
sta
rt a
sear
ch, s
elec
ting
a PO
I will
di
spla
y de
taile
d in
form
atio
n
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0512
Exc
hang
ing
cont
ext i
nfor
mat
ion
with
bud
dies
!M
akin
g yo
ur b
uddi
es a
war
e of
yo
ur: �
Spe
ed�
Loca
tion
�A
ctiv
ity�
Hea
rt ra
te &
co
nditi
on
© E
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Joha
n H
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agem
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n th
e U
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itous
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2006
-02-
0513
Mob
iLife
Eva
luat
ion
and
Tria
ls
2ndev
alua
tion
roun
d (A
pr-M
ay 2
005)
emi-s
truct
ured
inte
rvie
win
g
rgan
ised
in It
aly
and
Finl
and
�ses
sion
s�
rgan
ised
by re
sear
ch q
uest
ions
rgan
ised
by m
ock-
up fo
rmat
sess
ions
with
a to
tal o
f 45
peop
le
sess
ion
with
~20
foot
ball
play
ers
and
~20
pare
nts
1stev
alua
tion
roun
d (O
ct-N
ov 2
004)
ualit
ativ
e us
er re
sear
ch
7 fa
mily
inte
rvie
ws
(10
in It
aly,
7 in
Fin
land
)
ltoge
ther
61
peop
le in
volv
ed
-3 s
cena
rios
disc
usse
d w
ith e
ach
fam
ily
essi
ons
intro
duce
d by
:
ques
tionn
aire
draw
ing
exer
cise
focu
sing
on
fam
ily s
ocia
l ne
twor
k an
d m
eans
of c
omm
unic
atio
n
3rdev
alua
tion
roun
d (S
ep-N
ov 2
005)
ME
and
serv
ice
deve
lope
r int
ervi
ews
in It
aly;
exp
ert r
evie
ws
forp
robe
1s;
com
plem
entin
g fie
ld s
tudi
es w
ith p
robe
1s
© E
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Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
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agem
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e U
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itous
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2006
-02-
0514
The
thre
e as
pect
s of
use
fuln
ess
Ava
ilabi
lity
Con
trol
(filte
ring)
App
licab
ility
(rele
vanc
e)�U
sing
the
info
rmat
ion
for s
omet
hing
m
eani
ngfu
l and
val
uabl
e to
me
�Info
rmat
ion
is
avai
labl
e on
ly w
hen
it is
rele
vant
�Impl
ies
filte
ring
is
appl
ied
befo
re
info
rmat
ion
is m
ade
avai
labl
e in
the
user
pl
ane
�Ann
oyan
ce is
a n
egat
ive
valu
e
�Info
rmat
ion
is th
ere
whe
n I n
eed
it�I
am c
onne
cted
to th
e in
form
atio
n�I
am c
onne
cted
to th
e ne
twor
k�T
he in
form
atio
n (s
ourc
e) is
con
nect
ed to
the
netw
ork
�Info
rmat
ion
is o
nly
ther
e w
hen
I w
ant i
t�In
form
atio
n is
onl
y gi
ven
out w
hen
I wan
t it
�Priv
acy
is a
spe
cial
cas
e of
con
trol
�Ano
nym
ity is
bei
ng th
ere,
bu
t not
telli
ng w
ho y
ou a
re
© E
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n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
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e U
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itous
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2006
-02-
0515
Cha
lleng
es o
f the
se
rvic
e pa
radi
gmD
isco
very
: How
are
ser
vice
s fo
und?
�Fi
ndin
g th
e se
rvic
e th
at s
olve
s a
give
n pr
oble
m�
Find
ing
the
serv
ice
that
nee
ds to
be
used
�
Not
find
ing
serv
ices
whi
ch a
re n
ot a
vaila
ble
to m
e
Invo
catio
n: H
ow to
inte
ract
with
the
serv
ice
�W
ho c
an in
voke
a s
ervi
ce?
�W
hat m
essa
ges
to s
end.
..in
wha
t ord
er�
Wha
t is
the
mes
sage
form
at�
Wha
t inf
orm
atio
n th
e se
rvic
e ex
pect
s!
Wha
t inf
orm
atio
n th
e se
rvic
e re
port
Use
: How
to u
se th
e in
form
atio
n re
ceiv
ed to
sol
ve th
e pr
oble
m�
How
the
clie
nt s
elec
t the
info
rmat
ion
to s
end
Ava
ilabi
lity:
Whe
re a
nd h
ow to
reac
h se
rvic
es
© E
ricss
on A
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006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
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agem
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itous
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2006
-02-
0516
Am
bien
t Net
wor
ks:
-Com
mon
Con
trol
Ser
vice
s-N
etw
orks
at t
he E
dge
-Sca
labl
e A
uto-
conf
igur
atio
n Am
bien
t Con
trol S
pace
Am
bien
t Con
nect
ivity
2.5
G2.
5 G
Fixe
dFi
xed
3G3G
WLA
NW
LAN
4G4G
Cor
pora
teC
orpo
rate
Ser
vice
sS
ervi
ces
Am
bien
t Con
cept
PAN
Personal
VAN
Vehic ular
HANHome
CAN
Community
© E
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n H
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Con
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agem
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e U
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itous
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2006
-02-
0517
The
Am
bien
t N
etw
orks
hig
h-le
vel
arch
itec
ture
Am
bien
t Net
wor
k 1
Nod
e
Nod
e
Nod
e
Nod
e
Ambi
ent
Con
nect
ivity
Ambi
ent
Con
nect
ivity
AN
IA
NI
Am
bien
t Con
trol
Spa
ceA
mbi
ent C
ontr
ol S
pace
AN
IA
NI
ASI
ASI
Am
bien
t Net
wor
k 2
Nod
e
Nod
e
Nod
e
Nod
e
Ambi
ent
Con
nect
ivity
Ambi
ent
Con
nect
ivity
AN
IA
NI
Am
bien
t Con
trol
Spa
ceA
mbi
ent C
ontr
ol S
pace
ASI
ASI ASI
ASI
AR
IA
RI
AR
IA
RI
AR
IA
RI
AR
IA
RI
�N
etw
orks
are
end
owed
with
a s
et o
f con
trol p
lane
func
tions
, whi
ch to
geth
er c
ompr
ise
the
Am
bien
t Con
trol S
pace
s, (A
CS
)�
The
unde
rlyin
g da
ta tr
ansf
er a
nd o
ther
use
r pla
ne c
apab
ilitie
s of
the
exis
ting
or n
ew n
etw
orks
ar
e ac
cess
ed a
nd c
ontro
lled
thro
ugh
a re
fere
nce
poin
t cal
led
Am
bien
t Res
ourc
e In
terfa
ce (A
RI).
�To
geth
er, t
hese
exp
ose
an A
mbi
ent S
ervi
ce In
terfa
ce (A
SI)
to u
pper
laye
r ser
vice
s an
d ap
plic
atio
ns ru
nnin
g w
ithin
the
netw
ork.
�In
tern
etw
ork
co-o
pera
tion
betw
een
diffe
rent
AC
Ss
is m
edia
ted
thro
ugh
an in
tegr
ated
set
of
prot
ocol
s at
the
Am
bien
t Net
wor
k In
terfa
ce (A
NI).
Sou
rce:
Am
bien
t Net
wor
ks
© E
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itous
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2006
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0518
Con
text
Man
agem
ent F
ram
ewor
k!
Gen
eric
mod
el o
f Con
text
Pro
vide
rs (C
P)
�En
caps
ulat
ed d
ata
sour
ces
�Vi
rtual
con
text
pro
vide
rs
!C
onte
xt R
epre
sent
atio
n Fr
amew
ork
�W
ell-f
ound
ed c
onte
xt m
eta
mod
el�
Con
text
voc
abul
arie
s (s
chem
ata)
and
map
ping
s
!C
onte
xt re
ason
ing
�Lo
w le
vel (
e.g.
pro
babi
listic
re
ason
ing)
�H
igh
leve
l (e.
g. lo
gic
infe
renc
e)Co
ntex
tPr
ovid
er
Cont
ext
Prov
ider
Cont
ext
Sour
ce
Cont
ext
Sour
ce
wra
ps
Cont
ext
Repr
esen
tati
on
Cont
ext
Repr
esen
tati
on
stan
dard
izes
Cont
ext
Brok
er
Cont
ext
Brok
er
is p
ublis
hed
in
Cont
ext
Con
sum
er
Cont
ext
Con
sum
erse
arch
es in
, in
tros
pect
sC
onte
xtO
ntol
ogy
Con
text
Ont
olog
y
links
to Co
ntex
tIn
terp
reta
tion
Cont
ext
Inte
rpre
tati
on
impl
emen
ts
may
use
prov
ides
quer
y
uses
othe
r
© E
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Joha
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agem
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e U
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itous
Web
2006
-02-
0519
Con
text
Mgm
t Fra
mew
ork
Build
ing
Bloc
ks
Cont
ext
Prov
ider
Cont
ext
Prov
ider Co
ntex
tSo
urce
Cont
ext
Sour
ce
wra
ps
Cont
ext
Repr
esen
-ta
tion
Cont
ext
Repr
esen
-ta
tion st
anda
rdiz
es
Cont
ext
Brok
er
Cont
ext
Brok
er
is p
ublis
hed
in
Cont
ext
Cons
umer
Cont
ext
Cons
umer
sear
ches
in,
intr
ospe
cts
Cont
ext
Ont
olog
y
Cont
ext
Ont
olog
y
links
to
Cont
ext
Inte
rpre
-ta
tion
Cont
ext
Inte
rpre
-ta
tion
impl
emen
ts
may
use
prov
ides
quer
y
uses
othe
r
�In
itial
�Coo
kboo
k�fo
r con
text
-aw
are
appl
icat
ions
and
ser
vice
s av
aila
ble
Cont
ext
prov
ider
Cont
ext
prov
ider
Cont
ext
sour
ce
Cont
ext
sour
ce
Feat
ure
extr
acto
r
Feat
ure
extr
acto
r
Cont
ext
prov
ider
Cont
ext
prov
ider
Cont
ext
sour
ce
Cont
ext
sour
ce
Feat
ure
extr
acto
r
Feat
ure
extr
acto
rFe
atur
eex
trac
tor
Feat
ure
extr
acto
r
Cont
ext
aggr
egat
orCo
ntex
t ag
greg
ator
Cont
ext
cach
e
Cont
ext
cach
eM
odel
lear
ning
Mod
elle
arni
ng
Infe
renc
eIn
fere
nce
© E
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Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
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e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0520
Inte
rface
s
!C
onte
xt P
rovi
ders
(CP
) are
def
ined
in th
e C
onte
xt A
war
enes
s Fu
nctio
n(C
AF)
. CP
sen
caps
ulat
e co
ntex
t dat
a (b
oth
sim
ulat
ed a
nd re
al o
nes)
as
cont
ext i
nfor
mat
ion
for c
onsu
mpt
ion
by C
Cs.
Man
y di
ffere
nt C
Ps
can
co-
exis
t tog
ethe
r pro
vidi
ng b
oth
indi
vidu
al a
nd g
roup
ent
ity c
onte
xt
info
rmat
ion
to a
mul
tiplic
ity o
f CC
s.!
Con
text
Con
sum
ers
(CC
) are
als
o de
fined
in th
e C
AF.
CC
s co
nsum
e co
ntex
t dat
a as
con
text
info
rmat
ion
prov
ided
by
CP
s.!
Con
text
Sou
rce
(CS
) are
als
o de
fined
in th
e C
AF.
CS
sar
e de
vice
s th
at
deliv
er ra
w d
ata,
e.g
. sen
sors
.!
Plat
form
Inde
pend
ent F
unct
iona
l Int
erfa
ces
(PIF
) rep
rese
nt
com
pone
nt in
terfa
ces
that
do
not r
ely
on a
spe
cific
tech
nolo
gy. T
hey
will
be
def
ined
in th
e on
goin
g sp
ecifi
catio
n w
ork.
!M
anag
emen
t Int
erfa
ces
(MI)
repr
esen
t pla
tform
inde
pend
ent i
nter
face
s w
ith th
e ro
le o
f pro
vidi
ng in
terfa
ces
that
allo
w th
e m
anag
emen
t of t
he
resp
ectiv
e co
mpo
nent
.!
Man
agem
ent A
ctio
ns(M
A) r
epre
sent
man
agem
ent a
ctio
ns th
at th
e O
pera
tiona
l Man
agem
ent F
unct
ion
(OM
F) c
an e
xecu
te.
© E
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006
Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0521
Con
text
Bro
ker
!D
irect
ory
for C
onte
xt P
rovi
ders
�C
P re
gist
ers
in C
onte
xt B
roke
r (ad
verti
sem
ent)
�C
C (c
onsu
mer
) sea
rche
s fo
r CP
in C
onte
xt B
roke
r
!C
P c
ombi
natio
n�
A C
P lo
oks
for o
ther
CPs
in o
rder
to fu
lfill
its ta
sk!
E.g.
: a �w
eath
er� C
P m
ay a
sk th
e Br
oker
for a
ny
�tem
pera
ture
� or �
rain
leve
l� C
P
Reg
iste
rC
P
Fin
dC
P
Lat
er, c
allC
P
CB
Con
text
Con
sum
er
Any
appl
icat
ion
(e.g
. a C
P)
CP
s
onto
logy
© E
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006
Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0522
Diff
eren
t Lev
els
of C
onte
xt U
sage
!M
obiL
ife C
MF
enab
les
cont
ext p
rovi
ders
from
diff
eren
t do
mai
ns a
nd o
f diff
eren
t typ
es!
Acc
ess
to a
nd u
sage
of p
rovi
ded
cont
ext c
an b
e at
di
ffere
nt le
vels
"M
obiL
ifeap
plic
atio
ns to
hig
hlig
ht/u
se d
iffer
ent a
spec
ts
Full
Low
Hig
hTo
p
© E
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on A
B 2
006
Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0523
Cha
lleng
es o
f C
onte
xt A
bstra
ctio
n
Con
text
Inte
rpre
tatio
n
Con
flict
Det
ectio
n an
d R
esol
utio
n
Low
-leve
lC
onte
xt
Hig
h-le
vel
Con
text
qualitative
quantitative
Top-
leve
lC
onte
xtconsistent
© E
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006
Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
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itous
Web
2006
-02-
0524
Pers
onal
Con
text
and
Indi
vidu
al P
rofil
e C
ompo
nent
s!
Con
text
Gat
herin
g an
d In
terp
reta
tion
�C
olle
cts
raw
sen
sor d
ata,
us
er b
ehav
iour
, dev
ice
and
mod
ality
dis
cove
ry
info
rmat
ion
!C
onte
xt In
fere
nce
�G
ener
ates
an
oper
atio
nal
pers
onal
con
text
�In
clud
es m
odal
ity
reco
mm
enda
tion
for u
ser
inte
rface
ada
ptat
ion
!In
divi
dual
Pro
file
Man
agem
ent
�S
tore
s an
y ki
nd o
f pr
efer
ence
sab
out u
sers
!Le
arni
ng M
echa
nism
�Le
arns
from
the
inte
rpre
ted
data
and
the
prof
ile in
form
atio
n to
ge
nera
te u
pdat
ed p
rofil
e in
form
atio
n
Con
text
Infe
renc
e (S
chem
a)
Indi
vidu
alP
rofil
e M
anag
emen
t
Lear
ning
M
echa
nism
Per
sona
l C
onte
xt
Func
tion
Pers
onal
Pr
ofile
Func
tion
Con
text
Con
sum
er
Con
text
Gat
herin
g In
terp
reta
tion
Pro
file
Edi
tor
Con
text
Con
sum
er
Con
text
Pro
vide
r
Spe
cific
Ope
ratio
nal P
erso
nal
Con
text
Con
text
Pro
vide
rC
onte
xt P
rovi
der
Con
text
Pro
vide
r
Con
text
Con
sum
er
Con
text
Con
sum
er
Raw
Sen
sor D
ata
+ U
ser B
ehav
iour
+D
evic
e, M
odal
ity a
ndS
ervi
ce D
isco
very
© E
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B 2
006
Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
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itous
Web
2006
-02-
0525
Gro
up M
anag
emen
t
!G
roup
s ar
e th
e ke
y to
use
r int
erac
tion
�Yo
u st
ruct
ure
your
wor
ld in
term
s of
gro
ups
�G
roup
s sh
are
cont
ext,
prof
iles,
and
pol
icie
s!
Gro
up in
itiat
or c
an s
et th
ese
!G
roup
con
text
, pro
file,
and
pol
icie
s ca
n be
lear
ned
auto
mat
ical
ly
!Yo
u ca
n be
in a
gro
up w
ith m
ore
than
peo
ple
�G
roup
s of
mac
hine
s�
Gro
ups
of s
ervi
ces
© E
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on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0526
Gro
up C
onte
xt!
Eve
ryth
ing
that
def
ines
the
curr
ents
tate
of th
e gr
oup
Exa
mpl
e of
con
text
be
havi
our
�M
omen
tary
/Per
man
ent
�Ti
ed to
lo
catio
n/U
biqu
itous
�O
pen
/Clo
sed
�Tr
ust i
n al
l/Tru
st in
so
me
�V
olat
ile/S
tabi
le
Gro
up C
onte
xtFu
nctio
n Gro
upC
reat
ion/
Han
dlin
g
Rep
osito
ryD
ata
Min
ing
Gro
up C
onte
xt
Con
text
Mid
dlew
are
Rep
osito
ryC
onte
xtre
finer
Rul
es
Pers
onal
Con
text
1
5
4
32
1.C
onte
xtge
nera
tion
2.G
roup
/Con
text
Cre
atio
n3.
Con
text
Tem
plat
es4.
Con
text
/Gro
up
Rep
osito
ry5.
Dat
a M
inin
g
Sen
sor
Sen
sor
Sen
sor
Sen
sor
Sen
sor
Sen
sor
Sen
sor
Sen
sor
© E
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on A
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006
Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0527
Trus
t & P
rivac
y -R
equi
rem
ents
!U
ser m
ust b
e in
con
trol o
f his
per
sona
l dat
a�
Use
r mus
t be
give
n th
e op
portu
nity
to g
ive
cons
ent o
n gi
ving
out
dat
a
!M
ust b
e po
ssib
le to
mer
ge u
ser p
olic
ies
for d
ata
man
agem
ent
�To
cre
ate
grou
p pr
ofile
s!
Wha
t hap
pens
whe
n us
ers
do n
ot a
gree
on
the
polic
ies?
!Se
vera
l gro
ups
are
crea
ted
!Tr
ust a
nd p
rivac
y m
ust w
ork
with
out t
he u
ser b
eing
pr
esen
t�
Dis
conn
ecte
d op
erat
ion
of tr
ust e
ngin
e (in
clud
ing
the
user
po
licie
s)!
One
inst
ance
of t
he tr
ust e
ngin
e pe
r use
r and
dat
a ob
ject
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0528
Sta
tus
of M
L Tr
ust &
Priv
acy
wor
k!
Trus
t eng
ine
(con
cept
ually
) on
all c
onte
xt p
rovi
der i
nter
face
s!
Use
r int
erac
ts w
ith p
olic
ies
in tr
ust e
ngin
e at
sta
rtup
!D
ata
with
low
sen
sitiv
ity c
an b
e m
ade
acce
ssib
le in
a m
ore
sim
plifi
ed w
ay!
The
GAF
can
be
used
to in
clud
e tru
st in
the
grou
p co
ntex
t�
Thro
ugh
a qu
ery
inte
rface
on
the
trust
eng
ine
!Th
e po
licy
lang
uage
incl
udes
�R
efer
ence
s to
the
(uni
que)
Mob
iLife
entit
ies
�M
obiL
ifem
etho
ds!
Trus
t eng
ines
can
inte
ract
usi
ng th
e tru
st e
ngin
e A
PI�
Oth
er c
ompo
nent
s of
the
Mob
iLife
syst
em c
an a
lso
inte
ract
with
tru
st e
ngin
es th
roug
h th
e A
PI
�In
tera
ctio
n do
es n
ot im
ply
chan
ging
dat
a, o
nly
quer
ying
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0529
Sec
urity
is o
rthog
onal
?
!S
ince
trus
t is
crea
ted
by u
ser p
erce
ptio
n, s
ecur
ity is
or
thog
onal
to tr
ust
!S
yste
m m
ust b
e se
cure
eno
ugh
to b
e tru
sted
�H
ow m
uch
is �e
noug
h�?
!D
epen
ds o
n us
er p
erce
ptio
ns!
Sta
ndar
d te
chno
logi
es c
an b
e le
vera
ged
�Si
nce
we
use
XM
L, w
e ca
n us
e!
XM
L En
cryp
tion
!X
ML
Sig
natu
re!
HTT
P-S
and
TLS
!P
ublic
Key
Infra
stru
ctur
e!
Etc.
�Al
l the
se h
ave
thei
r pro
blem
s, b
ut in
this
con
text
they
are
�g
ood
enou
gh�
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0530
Acc
essi
ng th
e ap
plic
atio
n
© E
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006
Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0531
SP
ICE
ser
vice
infra
stru
ctur
e
© E
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Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
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itous
Web
2006
-02-
0532
Sem
antic
App
licat
ion
Ser
vice
s
© E
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006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
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biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0533
Ser
vice
Pro
file
<profile rdf:ID="BravoAir">
<serviceName>BravoAir</serviceName>
<contactInformation
rdf:resource="#BAco"/>
<type
rdf:resource="#Airline"/>
<product
rdf:resource="#FlightReserv"/>
<serviceCategory
rdf:resource="#NAICS_Airline"/>
<hasInput
rdf:resource="#Dep_Airport"/>
<hasInput
rdf:resource="#Arr_Airport"/>
<hasOutputrdf:resource="#Reservation"/>
<preconditions/>
<effects/>
</profile>
Who
pro
vide
s the
serv
ice
Type
of s
ervi
cePr
oduc
t of t
he se
rvic
e
Cla
ssifi
catio
n in
Bus
ines
s ta
xono
mie
s
Typi
cal i
nput
sTy
pica
l out
put
Con
ditio
ns th
at n
eed
to b
e sa
tisfie
d fo
r the
se
rvic
e to
run
corr
ectly
Con
ditio
ns th
at re
sult
from
th
e ru
n of
the
serv
ice
NO
TE
: N
OT
E: t
he O
WL-
S Pr
ofile
is a
n O
WL
obje
ct,
it sh
ould
be
spec
ializ
ed to
incl
ude
info
rmat
ion
that
is
need
ed b
y th
e sp
ecifi
c ap
plic
atio
ns/in
fras
truct
ures
© E
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on A
B 2
006
Joha
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0534
Bas
elin
e O
ntol
ogy
(age
nt.o
wl)
© E
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B 2
006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0535
Bas
elin
e O
ntol
ogy
Add
ress
Boo
k
© E
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006
Joha
n H
jelm
Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
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biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0536
Bas
elin
e O
ntol
ogy
loca
tion.
owl
The
Pro
ject
s
© E
ricss
on A
B 2
006
Joha
n H
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Con
text
Man
agem
ent i
n th
e U
biqu
itous
Web
2006
-02-
0538
The
Am
bien
t Net
wor
ks P
roje
ctD
ynam
ic m
ergi
ng o
f het
erog
eneo
us n
etw
orks
& n
etw
ork
reso
urce
s
Proj
ect d
ata
!P
art o
f EU
6th
FP!
Sta
rt: 2
004-
01-0
1!
Dur
atio
n: 2
yea
rs!
2 m
ore
phas
es!
Siz
e: �19
0 p
erso
n ye
ars
�21
M E
uro
!41
lega
l par
tner
s:�
10 V
endo
rs
�10
Ope
rato
rs�
15 A
cade
mia
!C
oord
inat
ion:
Eric
sson
A
B
Proj
ect d
ata
!P
art o
f EU
6th
FP!
Sta
rt: 2
004-
01-0
1!
Dur
atio
n: 2
yea
rs!
2 m
ore
phas
es!
Siz
e: �19
0 p
erso
n ye
ars
�21
M E
uro
!41
lega
l par
tner
s:�
10 V
endo
rs
�10
Ope
rato
rs�
15 A
cade
mia
!C
oord
inat
ion:
Eric
sson
A
B
Prog
ress
Hig
hlig
hts
!Sc
enar
io re
sult
subm
itted
to
WW
I and
WW
RF
!Ar
chite
ctur
al fr
amew
ork
read
y D
1-8
!D
etai
led
resu
lts in
eac
h W
P pu
blis
hed
!D
eliv
erab
les
acco
rdin
g to
pl
an!
WW
I Sym
posi
a
Prog
ress
Hig
hlig
hts
!Sc
enar
io re
sult
subm
itted
to
WW
I and
WW
RF
!Ar
chite
ctur
al fr
amew
ork
read
y D
1-8
!D
etai
led
resu
lts in
eac
h W
P pu
blis
hed
!D
eliv
erab
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Man
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2006
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2006
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2006
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Man
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2006
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0550