Building PyramidsIn Ancient

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Steps in Building a Pyramid1. Clear the site.

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Sand

Solid Bedrock

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Solid Bedrock

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Steps in Building a Pyramid1. Clear the site.

2. Level the site.

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Steps in Building a Pyramid1. Clear the site.

2. Level the site.3. Carve out the burial chamber

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Steps in Building a Pyramid1. Clear the site.

2. Level the site.3. Carve out burial chamber.

4. First course of stones dragged and levered into place.

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Steps in Building a Pyramid1. Clear the site.

2. Level the site.3. Carve out burial chamber.4. First course of stones dragged and

levered into place.5. Ramps built to drag stones up to the next levels.

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4. Summarize the three theories of the types of ramps used to raise pyramid stones.

1. One long ramp that is extended as it gets higher.

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4. Summarize the three theories of the types of ramps used to raise pyramid stones.

b. Four ramps are built, one

at each corner. The ramps spiral around the

pyramid to the top.

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4. Summarize the three theories of the types of ramps used to raise pyramid stones.

c. One long ramp goes

about halfway up and then

spirals around the pyramid.

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Steps in Building a Pyramid1. Clear the site.

2. Level the site.3. Carve out burial chamber.4. First course of stones dragged and

levered into place.5. Ramps built to drag up the next levels.

6. Pyramid topped with a capstone.

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Steps in Building a Pyramid1. Clear the site.

2. Level the site.3. Carve out burial chamber.4. First course of stones dragged and

levered into place.5. Ramps built to drag up the next levels.6. Pyramid topped with a capstone.7. Corners chiseled off each level as

ramps are taken down from the top.8. Blocks were polished as they moved down.

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37Life in the Hereafter

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Steps in Building a Pyramid1. Clear the site.

2. Level the site.3. Carve out burial chamber.4. First course of stones dragged and levered

into place.5. Ramps built to drag up the next levels.6. Pyramid topped with a capstone.7. Corners chiseled off each level as ramps are

taken down from the top.8. Blocks were polished as they moved down.

9. Pyramid is complete.

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“Manpower” segment from “Pyramid”App. 5 minutes

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5. What were the two types of temples built at the pyramid complex and for what were they used?

a.___________________________________________ ___________________________________________

Mortuary temple-mummification of the king took place here. Sometimes called a valley temple

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5. What were the two types of temples built at the pyramid complex and for what were they used?

b.______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________

Offering temple- certain burial ceremonies took place here and offerings could be left by loved ones. Sometimes called a funerary temple

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6. What does the word necropolis mean?

“City of the dead”

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7. Describe the buildings in the necropolis.

Mastabas were built for burials of members of the royal family, high government officials,

and people of the king's court.46

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3. _____________ continued to develop4. Ideas in the areas of ________, _________________, ____________, and __________________________ developed5. Southern boundary of Egypt was the

________________________6. Egyptians learned to _________________ a. ___________ were dug to carry water from the ____________ to the ______________

Writing art architecturereligion burial practices

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3. _____________ continued to develop4. Ideas in the areas of ________, _________________, ____________, and __________________________ developed5. Southern boundary of Egypt was the

________________________6. Egyptians learned to _________________ a. ___________ were dug to carry water from the ____________ to the ______________

Writing art architecturereligion burial practices

First Cataract

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3. _____________ continued to develop4. Ideas in the areas of ________, _________________, ____________, and __________________________ developed5. Southern boundary of Egypt was the

________________________6. Egyptians learned to _________________ a. ___________ were dug to carry water from the ____________ to the ______________

Writing art architecturereligion burial practices

First Cataractirrigate

Canalsriver fields

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7. Old Kingdom came to an end when ____________ began to _____________ and __________________ gained it a. Reasons:

1. Last king was ____________ a. Became king at age ____; ruled for _____

years b. Let things slide; local officials took some

power2. Seven years in a row of _______________ a. Caused suffering, __________ took the

blame b. Officials took more power and control

pharaohslose power local officials

Pepi II6 94

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"You have said in your letter that you have come down in safety from Yam with the army and brought many beautiful gifts which Hathor, Lady of Yamu, has given to the King of Upper and Lower Egypt.

You also say in this letter that you have brought a dwarf of divine dances from the land of the horizon-dwellers. Like the dwarf whom the Treasurer of the God, Baurded, brought from Punt in the time of King Isesi.

You say to my Majesty, Never before has one like him been brought by any other who has visited Yam.

Each year you do what your lord desires - spending day and night with the caravan. Now come northward at once to the Court. You must bring the dwarf, alive, sound and well to rejoice and gladden the heart of the King of Upper and Lower Egypt.

When he comes down with you into the ship, appoint reliable people who shall be beside him on each side of the vessel and take care lest he should fall into the water.

When he sleeps at night, appoint trustworthy people who shall sleep beside him. Inspect him ten times a night because my Majesty desires to see this dwarf more than the all products of Sinai and Punt.

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7. Old Kingdom came to an end when ____________ began to _____________ and __________________ gained it a. Reasons:

1. Last king was ____________ a. Became king at age ____; ruled for _____

years b. Let things slide; local officials took some

power2. Seven years in a row of _______________ a. Caused suffering, __________ took the

blame b. Officials took more power and control

pharaohslose power local officials

Pepi II6 94

“Low Nile”pharaoh

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8. Old Kingdom followed by _____________________ (Dynasties __________ through ____________ a. Time of _______________________ b. _______________ claimed control of Egypt c. One period was referred to as

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1st Intermediate PeriodVII (7) X (10)political chaos

Multiple kings

“70 kings in 70 days”

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