building etth course
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-
ETTH, FTTH, FTTB
D-Link
-
http://www.dlink.ua(http://www.dlink.ru)
056) 794-30-69
D-
-
D- Link: Review
-
USD
-
-Link
-
2-L4)
LAN
WAN
Wireless
Digital
Home
VoIP
ADSL
Ethernet-
IP PBX
D- Link: Review
-
Source: Gartner, Market Share: Worldwide, 2010
D- Link: Review
Wireless LAN Stand-Alone Access Points
Ethernet Switches, Small Enterprise Market, Port Shipments
-
Ethernet Switches: Midsize and Large Enterprise Market,
Port Shipments (k), Worldwide, 2010
Gartner Research
No.2 in Midsize and Large Enterprise Switches, WW, 2010
Severine Real et al / 26 March 2009. Chart created by D-Link Corporation based on Gartner data.
D- Link: Review
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http://www.dlink.ua http://www.dlink.ru- :
http://www.dlink.ua/UkrainePriceBook.xls : http://www.dlink.ru/products/index.php
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http://www.dlink.ua/?partn
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http://www.dlink.ru/technical/faq.php
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http://www.dlink.ua/?study
WEB- :
http://www.dlink.ru/technical/wizard.php
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http://www.dlink.ua/?test
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http://www.dlink.ru/technical/expl_.php
http://www.dlink.ua/?forma
:
http://www.dlink.ru/technical/warranty.php
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http://www.dlink.ua/?sert
:
http://www.dlink.ru/newphorum/index.php
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http://www.dlink.ua/?avt
" " D-Link :
http://www.dlink.ua/?map :
D-Link :
http://www.dlink.ua/?vacan ftp://ftp.dlink.ru/pub
D- Link: Review
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http://tsd.dlink.com.tw/
D- Link: Review
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Analog Modem Max48KMax56K
DOCSIS/DOCSIS2.0
Max 30M
Max 52M
SHDSL 2.3M2.3M
VDSL/VDSL2 100M100M
ETTH 10G10G (40/100G)
ADSL/ADSL2/ADSL2+
Max 3,5M
Max 24M
-
ISP
ETTH (Ethernet To The Home)
ETTH
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
-
Open System Interconnect
(OSI)
-
Open System Interconnect (OSI)
IBM/Microsoft TCP/IP Novell
SPX
IP IPX
802.3 (Ethernet), 802.5 (Token Ring),
FDDI, SLIP, LAP-B, PPP
SMB
Telnet
FTP
HTTP
SMTP
SNMP
NCP
SAP
NetBIOS TCP
-
Bridge OSI
1 2 3 4-
1 1
2 1
3 2
4 2
-
.
-
ETTH
DES-3526
DES-3028
FO 1 /
FO 10 /
FO 10 / UTP 1 /
FO 1 /FO 1 /
FO 1 /
DES-7200
DGS-3627G
DGS-3612G
DGS-3627G
DES-7200
DES-7200
DES-3526
DES-3028
DES-3526
DES-3028
DES-3526
DES-3028
DES-3526
DES-3028
DGS-3627G
-
-
-
-
VLAN,
-
IEEE 802.1w (RSTP), IEEE 802.1s (MSTP)
IEEE 802.1ad (LACP)
IEEE 802.1Q, GVRP, Traffic Segmentation
IEEE 802.1p
Broadcast/Multicast/Unicast Storm Control
Safe Guard Engine
IGMP Snooping
SNMPv3, HTTPS, SSH,
Syslog, NTP)
OSI
-
IEEE 802.3
- -
.
(Flow Control)
.
-
Spanning Tree
:
IEEE 802.1d - Spanning Tree Protocol, STP ( )
IEEE 802.1w - Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol, RSTP ( )
Spanning Tree Protocol)
-
Spanning Tree Protocol
B2 B1 B3
B4
broadcast
-
Spanning Tree Protocol
x
x
-
STP
Instance Priority -
Bridge Max Age -
BPDU-
Bridge Forward Delay -
Bridge Hello Time -
External Cost -
.
External External
-
STP
Root Bridge -
Root Port - -
Designated Bridge -
-
Regional Root Bridge
MSTI ID
Path Cost
DGS- 3200 - 10:4#show stp instance
Command: show stp instance
STP Instance Settings
---------------------------
Instance Type : CIST
Instance Status : Enabled
Instance Priority : 32768(Bridge Priority : 32768 )
STP Instance Operational Status
--------------------------------
Designated Root Bridge : 8192 /00 - 1E- 58- 50- 1B- 70
External Root Cost : 40
Regional Root Bridge : 32768/00 - 22- B0- 5D- 4C- C9
Internal Root Cost : 0
Designated Bridge : 32768/00 - 26- 5A- C1- 89- 11
Root Port : 8
Max Age : 20
Forward Delay : 15
Last Topology Change : 64320
Topology Changes Count : 67
-
Root Bridge. Root Port.
Root Bridge
A B
BPDU BPDU
Root Port
-
Designated Bridge. Designated Port.
Root Bridge
A B
BPDU BPDU
Designated Port
Designated Bridge
-
STP
B
Port 2 Port 3
Port 1
Bridge ID=30C
Port 2 Port 3
Port 1
Bridge ID=20
LAN 1
Port Cost=19
Port Cost=19 Port Cost=19
Port Cost=19
LAN 3LAN 2
A
Port 1 Port 2
Port 3
Bridge ID=15
Port Cost=4Port Cost=4
-
STP
B
Port 2 Port 3
Port 1 C
Port 2 Port 3
Port 1
Designated Bridge
LAN 1
LAN 3LAN 2
A
Port 1 Port 2
Port 3
Root Bridge
Root PortRoot Port
Designated PortDesignated Port
Blocked
-
Root Bridge
A B
BPDU BPDU
Alternate Port
Alternate Port RSTP)
-
Root Bridge
A B
BPDU BPDU
Backup Port
Backup Port RSTP)
-
STP
Blocking (Discarding (Backup, Alternate))
Listening (Discarding) -
Learning
Forwarding
Disable (Discarding)
802.1d Blocking Listening Learning Forwarding
802.1w Discarding Learning Forwarding
-
802.1d v.s. 802.1w
:
802.1d: 30 . (Forward Delay * 2)
802.1w: 1 .
:
802.1d: 7 , 14
802.1w: 18 , 37
802.1w 802.1d.
:
-
802.1 d802.1 w802.1 w
802.1 d802.1 d802.1 d
RSTP BPDU STP BPDU
STP BPDU
-
PVSTP - Per Vlan Spanning Tree Protocol,
IEEE 802.1S- Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol(MSTP),
;
VLAN
:
-
MSTP MST (Multiple Spanning Tree (MST)
Region), .
(Multiple Spanning
Tree Instance, MSTI) .
Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)IEEE 802.1s
-
ERPS
(Ethernet Ring Protection Switching)
STP (spanning-tree protocol)
. STP
30- .
RSTP (Rapid STP) - -5.
ERPS 50-200
STP RSTP ERPS
30-50 1-5 50-200
-
ERPS Ethernet :
(a)
(b)
:
(c)
(d)
.
-
ERP
RPL ( 6 &
1 )
.
ETH CC
OAM
Y.1731
RPL
OwnerRPL
ETH-CC
ETH-CC
ETH-CC
ETH-CC
ETH-CC
ETH-CC
ETH-CC
ETH-CC
ET
H-C
C
ET
H-C
C
ET
H-C
C
ET
H-C
C
12 6
43 5
RPL
12 6
43 5
Ring Idle State ( )
-
RPL Owner
-
.
.
.
.
.
-
(Link Aggregation)
-
1. Static
( D-Link, )
2. IEEE 802.3ad
LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol) -
(Link Aggregation)
-
STP
-
(Link Aggregation Group).
- (master port).
-
.
-
- VLAN
-
VLAN
VLAN3
VLAN2
VLAN1
VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3
VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3
-
VLAN MAC-
VLAN2
VLAN1
VLAN 2
0050BABDD583
VLAN 1
VLAN 2
0050BABDC425
VLAN 1
0050BABDD2E8
VLAN 1
0050BABDE2CB
VLAN 2
0050BABD2FC30050BABD2FC 4
-
VLAN MAC-
1.
MAC
VLAN.
2.
MAC
3.
-
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN
VLAN
-
-Tagged Frames
12- VLAN
VLAN
Max.
Ethernet 1522
VLAN
DA SA Tag Data CRC
0 15 18 19 31
8100 Priority VIDCFI
-
802.1Q VLAN
V3
U
VLAN3
VLAN2
VLAN1
DES-3624i
V1,V2V1,V2, V3
DES-6000
V1 V2 V3 V1 V2 V3
V1 V2 V1 V2 V3
T TT
TTT
U U
U U UU
V1 V2
V1,V2, V3
-
VID PVID
VID (VLAN Identifier)
12-bit VLAN
VLAN
12 4096 VLAN
VID 0 VID 4095
PVID (Port VID)
VLAN
-
( )
VLAN 2
5 VLAN 2
VLAN 2
5
7
-
( )
-
( )
PVID 4 -> 2
VLAN 2
5 VLAN 2
VLAN 2
-
( 2)
VID
PVID
-
VLAN 1
VLAN.
1 2 3 4 5
A1 A2 B1 B2
VLAN A
Computer : A 1 & A2
VID : 2
Untag Egress : Port 1 & 2
Port 1 & 2 assign PVID = 2
VLAN B
Computer : B1 & B2
VID : 3
Untag Egress : Port 4 & 5
Port 4 & 5 assign PVID = 3
-
VLAN 2
- VLAN.
VLAN A : Computer A1, A2, A3 & A4
Switch X
VID : 2
Tag Egress : Port 5
Untag Egress : Port 1 & 2
Port 1 & 2 assign PVID = 2
Switch Y
VID : 2
Tag Egress : Port 1
Untag Egress : Port 2 & 3
Port 2 & 3 assign PVID = 2
VLAN B : Computer B1, B2, B3 & B4
Switch X
VID : 3
Tag Egress : Port 5
Untag Egress : Port 3 & 4
Port 3 & 4 assign PVID = 3
Switch Y
VID : 3
Tag Egress : Port 1
Untag Egress : Port 4 & 5
Port 4 & 5 assign PVID = 3
1 2 3 4 5
Switch Y
1 2 3 4 5
Switch X
A1 A2 B1 B2 A3 A4 B3 B4
-
VLAN 1
VLAN
-
1 2 3 4 5
B1 B2 C1 C2
File Server
VLAN B
Computer : B1, B2& File Server
VID : 1
Untag Egress : Port 1, 2 & 3
Port 1 & 2 assign PVID = 1
VLAN C
Computer : C1, C2& File Server
VID : 2
Untag Egress : Port 3, 4 & 5
Port 4 & 5 assign PVID = 2
VID : 3
Untag Egress : Port 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5
Port 3 assign PVID = 3
VLAN A
Computer : B1, B2, C1, C2 & File Server
-
VLAN
V 1
-
Private VLAN
VLAN ID 20, Untag) VLAN ID 21, Untag)
VLAN ID 10, Untag)
Promiscuous Port
Community VLAN Isolated VLAN
Subdomain Subdomain
Primary VLAN (VID 10, Net 172.16.0.0/24)
-
IEEE.
802.1v 802.1Q (VLAN
)
, 802.1v VLAN
802.1v
-
802.1v
802.1v
802.1q.
, 32- (VLAN
Tag)
VLAN
.
Ethernet
- 1522
(1518 + 4 ).
.
DA SA Tagging Data CRC
0 15 18 19 31
8100 Priority VIDCFI
DA SA Data CRC
802.1q/1p
Priority (1p) - 3 , 0-7.
VID (1q/1v) - 12 , 0-4095.
.1p .1q/1v
-
? VID = vid
VLAN
?
VID
VID = PVID
VLAN
? VID = vid
VID = PVID
802.1Q VLAN802.1v VLAN
-
PPPoE
Internet
DHCP
server
vlan 20
PPPoE vlan 10
.1v & PPPoE
-
#VLAN
config vlan default delete 1-28
create vlan pppoe tag 20
config vlan pppoe add untagged 1-24
config vlan pppoe add tagged 26
create vlan base tag 10
config vlan base add tagged 26
config vlan base add untagged 1-24
#PVID
config port_vlan 1-24 pvid 20
#DOT1V
create dot1v_protocol_group group_id 1 group_name pppoe_disc
config dot1v_protocol_group group_id 1 add protocol ethernet_2 8863
create dot1v_protocol_group group_id 2 group_name pppoe_session
config dot1v_protocol_group group_id 2 add protocol ethernet_2 8864
config port dot1v ports 1-24 add protocol_group group_id 1 vlan pppoe
config port dot1v ports 1-24 add protocol_group group_id 2 vlan pppoe
-
VLAN:
:
VLAN:GVRP (GARP VLAN
Registration Protocol
IEEE 802.1X.
VLAN:
-
GVRP GARP (Generic Attribute Registration Protocol) VLAN
Registration Protocol
VLAN2 VLAN3 VLAN5 VLAN2 VLAN3
1
-
VLAN (Static VLAN Registration
Entries):
VLAN;
VLAN:
o Egress Tagged/Untagged ( VLAN);
o Forbidden
o None Not Member
VLAN (Dynamic VLAN
Registration Entries):
VLAN
GVRP .
VLAN
-
Q-in-Q (Double VLAN)
-
-
-
-in-Q
VLAN (TPID,
Tag Protocol IDentifier), .
IEEE 802.1Q
0x8100.
TPID VLAN
Q-in-Q .
Q-in-Q
TPID 0x88A8,
IEEE 802.1ad.
Q-in-Q VLAN
-
-based Q-in- -in-Q
Port-based Q-in-Q Selective Q-in-Q,
(UNI) Uplink- (NNI):
UNI (User-to-Network Interface)
NNI (Network-to-Network Interface)
Q-in-Q VLAN
-
Q-in-Q (Double VLAN)
-
- -
-VLAN.
-
VLAN (VLAN 20).
- (VLAN 10).
VLAN 802.1v VID=10.
VLAN
-
2
-
DGS-3200-24:
-
Asymmetric VLAN
802.1q
802.1q (
)
IGMP snooping
- 4096.
Traffic Segmentation
.
IGMP snooping.
Traffic Segmentation .
.
(
)
Asymmetric VLAN Traffic Segmentation
-
IEEE 802.1p
. 8 0 7
7 .
-8 Class of Service
.
CoS.
.
IEEE 802.1P
-
802.1p
:
:
:
Class-0 Class-1 Class-2 Class-3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4
-
1.
DSCP
2.
3.
4.
802.1p
7
7
7
7->8
6->7
5->6
.
0->1
7->0
6->8
5->7
-
802.1P
-
0 7 8-
802.1P
-
Class of service
STRICT
Round Robin
, .
, .
QOS :
, ,
QoS.
-
Max. Packets
QoS
,
,
QoS.
0 255.
Max. Latency
QoS.
.
.
16 .
Class of Service
-
Traffic Policing / Rate Limit Traffic
Shaping
.
QoS)
-
Bandwidth control
Ethernet D-Link Bandwidth control
Traffic Policing.
config bandwidth_control 5 tx_rate 128
per-flow
Bandwidth control.
per-flow Bandwidth control
QoS)
-
IGMP Snooping L2.
IGMP snooping
IGMP
IGMP Snooping
-
IGMP Snooping
PC
PC
X X
X X VV
-
Snooping
enable igmp_snooping
Snooping VLAN
VLAN
config igmp_snooping vlan default state enable
config multicast vlan_filtering_mode vlan default
filter_unregistered_groups
-
Broadcast/Multicast/Unicast Storm Control
-
SafeGuard Engine
-
o
Telnet Web SNMP
Username
Password
Community String
Telnet Web SNMP
SSH SSL SNMPv3 Radius/ TACACS+
-
SNMPv1 SNMP v3
SNMP 1
Community String.
.
SNMP plain-text.
Community String , MIB
.
: SNMP v3
D-View IP=10.1.1.1/8SNMP community String
= public
=
private
IP=10.1.1.2/8
= public
=
private
1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1
-
SNMPv3
SNMP v3 4
MPD(RFC2572)
TARGET(RFC2573)
USM(RFC2574): User-based Security Model
VACM(RFC2575): View-based Access Control Model
D-View 5.1 SNMPv1 SNMP V3.
D-Link
SNMP v1 & V3.
-
D-View 5.1 SNMPv1
-
SNMPv1 Packet
-
User5 D-View 5.1 SNMP v.3
-
FTPWeb E-mail
. . . DES-6500
DES-3526
o D-Link SNMP, Syslog, NTP
D-Link
D-View 6.0
D-View Network Management Center
DES-3526
-
SNMP
D-View 6.0
-
DES-7200
( , , CPU..)
& (VRRP,MSTP..)
DoS
CPU
VoIP QoS
-
- PoE
-
(384 GE,192 SFP- GE, 32 XFP- 10GE)
/
DES-7206
DES-7210
-
DES-7200
DES-7206 DES-7210
H/W
6 10
384 (DES-7210)
H/W
1 + 1
Gigabit 10 Gigabit Ethernet
286Mpps (DES-7210)
(ASE)*
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
IEEE 802.3af PoE ( 192 )
-
DES-7200
CPU (CPU + )
7200-CM1, CM3CPU DES-7206
96G
400MHz CPU CM1, 800MHz CPU CM3256MB RAM CM1, 512MB RAM CM3
( Gb
(CM3)
7200-CM2, CM4CPU DES-7210
192G
400MHz CPU CM2, 800MHz CPU CM4256MB RAM CM2, 512MB RAM CM4
( Gb
(CM4)
USB
10/100M
7200-512RAM512MB RAM 7200-CM3/CM4
128K MPLS.
-
DES-7200
7200-ASE3 Advanced Service Engine
10 /
- MPLS (IP MPLS, EoMPLS, VPLS)
- 192K
- IPFDB 24K L3
7200-ASE2*Advanced Service Engine IPFIX,
6
-
DES-7200I/O
7200 - 24P 12 10/100/1000 PoE 12 (10/100/1000 PoE GE SFP)
7200 - 2412 10/100/1000 12 (10/100/1000 GE SFP)
7200 - 24G12 GE SFP 12 (10/100/1000 GE SFP)
7200 - 48 44 10 / 100 / 1000 4 (10 / 100 / 1000 GE SFP)
7200 - 48P44 10/100/1000 PoE 4 (10/100/1000 PoE GE SFP)
7200 - 2XG2 10 Gigabit Ethernet (XFP)
7200 - 4XG4 10 Gigabit Ethernet (XFP)
-
DES-7200I/O
I/O ?
MAC- (32K )
VLAN translation (CVID translation ACL)
egress ACL
VRF MPLS (7200-ASE3)
7200-24GE24 GE SFP
7200-24G2XGE12 GE SFP 12 (10/100/1000 GE SFP) 2 10GE XFP
7200-48E 44 10/100/1000 4 (10/100/1000 GE SFP)
-
DES-7200
BGP v.4+
OSPF v3
4K VLAN
Q-in-Q (Double VLAN, Port-Based Selective)
2K IP-
STP/RSTP/MSTP
PBR (Policy-Based Routing), ECMP
VRRP, RIP v1/v2
PIM -SM, PIM-SSM, PIM-DM, IGMP v1/v2/v3
64K
ACL (
Strict/WRR/WRR+Strict
IP-MAC -Port ( IP-
MAC
MPLS, VPLS*, MPLS L3 VPN (MPLS / BGP VPN), MPLS L2 VPN*,
EoMPLS
NAT*
IPFix* ( NetFlow v9)
RSPAN
Egress ACL
VRF*
-
DES-6604
H/W
H/W
Gigabit 10 Gigabit Ethernet
428, 57 Mpps
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
IEEE 802.3af PoE ( 144 )
-
-6600
Base-T
SFP
Base-T PoE
DES-6604
-
DES-6500
DES-6500
o
G
96 1000Base-T, Mini GBIC 100Base-FX
SFF
192 10/100M RJ-21
o - 160
o
o IP, IPX, AppleTalk
o RIP I/II, OSFP
o L2/L3
o Q, GARP/GVRP
o QoS, 802.1p, RSVP
o STP 802.1D, RSTP 802.1w, MSTP 802.1s, VRRP
o DVMRP, PIM-DM, PIM-SM, IGMP
o
802.1x/SSH/SSL/TACACS+/Radius
o
o
o SIM)
-
DGS-3620
4K VLAN /
STP/RSTP/MSTP
-
Q-in-Q (Double VLAN), Selective Q-in-Q*
QoS -
IP-MAC-Port Binding
Broadcast/Multicast
IGMP v1,v2,v3 IGMP Snooping v3 / MLD
Snooping
802.1x
RIP v1/2/ng, OSPF v.2/3, BGP, PIM-DM v.6,
PIM-SM v.6, PIM-SSM v.6, Policy Based Routing
VRRP
L2/3/4 ACL/QoS:
DGS-3620-28TC
20 10/100/1000Base-T + 4 SFP/UTP
+ 10G
DGS-3620-28PC
20 10/100/1000Base-T + 4
SFP+ 10G (1000Base-T
DGS-3620-28SC
20 SFP + 4 10G
DGS-3620-52T
48 10/100/1000Base-T + 10G
DGS-3620-52P
48 10/100/1000Base-T 10G
(1000Base-T
SFP
3225$
-
DGS-36104K VLAN /
STP/RSTP/MSTP
RERP, RLDP
Q-in-Q (Double VLAN), Selective Q-in-Q*
QoS -
IP-MAC-Port Binding
Broadcast/Multicast
IGMP v1,v2,v3 IGMP Snooping v3 / MLD
Snooping
802.1x
RIP v1/2/ng, OSPF v.2/3, BGP, PIM-DM v.6,
PIM-SM v.6, PIM-SSM v.6, Policy Based Routing
VRRP
L2/3/4 ACL/QoS:
DGS-3610-26 -
12 10/100/1000Base-T + 12 SFP/UTP
+ 2 10G
DGS-3610-26G
12 SFP + 12 SFP/UTP
+ 2 GSFP
2304$
DGS-3610-50P -
- -
-
-
DEM-421X DEM-422X DEM-423X
DEM-412X
DEM-412CX
DGS-3610-26/3610-26G
DGS-3610
-
DGS-3600
4K / 255 VLAN /
STP/RSTP/MSTP LoopBack Detection
Q-in-Q Selective Q-in-Q
QoS -
IP-MAC-Port Binding ACL ARP
CPU Interface Filtering
SafeGuard Engine
Broadcast/Multicast
IGMP v1,v2,v3 IGMP Snooping v3 / MLD
Snooping
D-Link ISM VLAN
802.1x Guest VLAN, WAC WEB Access
Control MAC Access Control
RIP v1,v2,ng*, OSPF v.2, DVMRP v.3, PIM-
DM, PIM-SM, Policy Based Routing
VRRP
L2/3/4 ACL/QoS:
/ IPv6,
sFlow
RSPAN
,
DGS-3612G
8 SFP + 4 10/100/1000Base-T
DGS-3627 -
20 10/100/1000Base-T + 4 SFP
+ 3 10G
DGS-3627G
20 SFP + 4 10/100/1000Base-T
+ 3 G
DGS-3650 -
44 10/100/1000Base-T + 4 SFP
+ 2 10G
DGS-3612
8 10/100/1000Base-T + 4 SFP