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Building Design and Construction Options And Their Effect on the ITS Infrastructure Lifecycle

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Page 1: Building Design and Construction Options - BICSI Design and...Building Design and Construction Options And Their Effect on the ITS Infrastructure Lifecycle

Building Design and Construction 

Options

And Their Effect on the ITS Infrastructure Lifecycle

Page 2: Building Design and Construction Options - BICSI Design and...Building Design and Construction Options And Their Effect on the ITS Infrastructure Lifecycle

BackgroundLarge Construction Projects Are Complex Working Environments With Many Moving Pieces.ITS and Its Supporting Infrastructure Have Become a Critical Building System Supporting Many Systems.It Takes a Proactive Project Team to Ensure Technology Infrastructure Is Not Overlooked and User’s Expectations Are Met.

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Background

Things To AvoidITS Stakeholders Brought Into Large Complex Projects:• Later Than Most Others• Without Clear Project Goals• Once Schedules and Budgets Are Defined

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Objectives

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OBJECTIVES

• Gain better insight into the design and construction project delivery mechanics which affect most aspects of technology procurement from preliminary planning and budgeting to commissioning and turn‐over.

• Join any technology or construction project at any stage and know where the contractual challenges and opportunities are, regardless of your individual role.

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Building Design And Construction

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Building Design and Construction• Why Build? 

– Driven By Growth or Expansion• New services or business Units• Additional Staff or Equipment• Downsizing or Consolidation of Services

– Redevelopment or Re‐Zoning Plans– Compliance (i.e. Seismic Retrofit)– Replacement Facility 

• Changes in business model (Hospital vs. MOB)

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Building Design and Construction• Why Build? The Cons

– Costly undertaking• Ever Increasing Materials and Labor Costs• Projecting Total Project Costs is a Science

– Lengthy process• Needs Assessment• Team Selection• Site Selection• Design and Approvals• Construction (sometimes phased)• Transition Planning

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Building Design and Construction• Why Build? ‐ The Cons

– Complicated project • Will require additional resources from internal staff 

– “C‐Level” – Facilities – Accounting/Purchasing– IT

• May require external resources and experts– AEC– Specialty Consultants

» Cost consultant» Transition Planners» Commissioning Agents

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Building Design and Construction• Who Are The Players?

– Owner, Developer and Operator– Owner’s Representative, CM or Program Manager– A/E Team

• Architect• Engineer• Consultants

– Contractor• Subcontractors

– Vendors and Service Providers

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Building Design and Construction• Owner, Developer and Operator

• Sometimes these are separate entities• Each with their own interests and agenda

• Owner’s Representative, CM or Program Manager

• Control Schedule and Budget• Manage design and construction team• Interface with owner’s stakeholders• Interface with Vendors or Service Providers

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Building Design and Construction• A/E Team

– Architect(s)• Executive Architect – Stamps drawings • Design Architect – Aesthetics of building• Specialty Architect – Designs specialty areas

– Engineers• Civil• S‐MEP• ITS Consultant(s)• Specialty Consultants

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Building Design and Construction• Contractor

– GC• Prime• Joint Venture• CM at Risk

– Sub‐Contractors

• Specialty Vendors and Service Providers– FF&E– Telecom Services

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Building Design and Construction• What About the Technology Team?

– Owner’s IT and Telecom Group• May be separate entities • May have separate budgets • May have separate pathways and spaces

– IT Consultants• ITS Infrastructure• Networking and active electronics• Software 

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Project Types

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Project Types• Project Types vs. Contract Types

– Delivery methods do not exclude contract type– Owner’s experience may influence project type– Budgets and Schedule may actually dictate project type and team make‐up

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Project Types• Design‐Bid‐Build

– Most traditional method for private contracts– Full design documents (contractual drawings)

• Not shown = Not built

– Requires more time – Greater checks and balances for design and construction processes

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Project Types• Design‐Assist

– Partial Complete design– Contractor completes design and details work– Shared design responsibility

• Planning and Schematic by A/E• Construction Documents by Contractor

– Perfect application of BIM coordination– Pre‐Fabrication head start– Perfect during lengthy review processes (OSHPD)

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Project Types• Design‐Build

– GC is the Prime Contract holder for all design and construction

– Speedier project possible due to compressed design and coordination 

– Construction can begin while design is completed– Tighter coordination of design and construction – FF&E is sometimes contracted to GC

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Newer Delivery Methods

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Newer Delivery Methods• IPD – Integrated Project Delivery

– One “Big Happy Family”– A/E, GC and subcontractors Share:

• Design Responsibility• Construction Risks and Rewards• Single Construction Trailer • Faster, More Effective Coordination of Field Issues

– IPD is a re‐tooling of the construction process

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Newer Delivery Methods• Lean Construction

– Implements the spirit of Lean Manufacturing into the building design and construction process.

– It is not solely a construction methodology.  – It is an end‐to‐end, holistic approach to design, construction, activation, maintenance, salvaging and recycling of buildings

– Lean Construction involves owners, architects, designers, engineers, constructors and suppliers.

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Newer Delivery Methods• Lean Construction

– The project method which can affect and address ITS infrastructure lifecycles the most

– Project Planning and Design• Will ITS be part of the plan?

– Integrates Construction Trades as a Matter of Course, not Chance

• ITS is most always left out of major construction discussions

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Newer Delivery Methods• Lean Construction

– The project method which can affect and address ITS infrastructure lifecycle the most

– Operation and Maintenance:• ITS : No longer just a tab in the O&M Manual• Can you say Intelligent Patching Systems?

– Deactivation and Recycling• Hugh?

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Contract Types

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Contract Types• Regardless of Delivery Method, there are also contractual differences which affect how ITS is procured on a project:– Low Bid– Negotiated Bid– Lump Sum– Cost Plus

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Contract Types• Low Bid

– Least forgiving method for both owners and contractors, as cost drives most selections

– Greatest potential for change order and scope creep if design documents are not in line with scope

– Low bid doesn’t always translate to lowest project cost

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Contract Types• Negotiated Bid

– “Best Value”– Scoring System

• Experience• Ability to perform work• Familiarity with facility or project type

– Eliminates large bidder pool• Short List selection• By Invitation Only

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Contract Types• Lump Sum

– Fixed Dollar Value– Not Necessarily Lowest Cost– Typically Scope Changes are Treated Outside of Lump Sum 

• GMP– Not To Exceed Amount – May also be Open Book

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Contract Types• Cost Plus

– Open Book is Likely– Agreed upon fixed costs:

• Labor rates• Material Mark‐Up• OH and Profit

– Most Forgiving for Projects With Expected Changes

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How Does This Affect ITSInfrastructure and Systems?

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• ITS components affected by previous factors:

– Budgeting– Schedule– Design Requirements– Procurement Method– Installer(s) selected– QA/QC– O&M– Removal, Replacement and Recycling

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• ITS components affected by previous factors:

– Budgeting– Schedule– Design Requirements– Procurement Method– Installer(s) selected– QA/QC– O&M– Removal, Replacement and Recycling

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• Budget

– Proper planning can assure ITS requirements are incorporated into project budget

• Pathways and Spaces– J‐Hooks or Tray?

• Preferred Manufacturers• Firestopping Methods• Administration requirements• Record Documentation• Ongoing Maintenance and Support

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How Does This Affect ITS• Schedule

– Project Delivery Method Will Dictate the ITS Infrastructure Schedule from A‐Z

– Knowing How Project Schedule is Loaded Helps Allocate Resources To Best Meet Your Needs/Abilities

– ITS Participation at “Full Wall Schedule” Meetings

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How Does This Affect ITS• Design Requirements

– Have a Design Standards Document – Current – Addresses the Needs of Specific Project at Hand

• Basis of Design for a Housing Project May Not Be Applicable on a Lab Building Project

– Bake in Some Flexibility– Expect It To Be Challenged

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How Does This Affect ITS• Procurement Method

– ITS Procurement Plan in Large Projects Should Anticipate:

• Phased Installation of ITS Components• Division of Work by Trades or Vendors

– Pathways and Spaces– Cabling – Active Equipment– Commissioning and Activation

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• Installer(s) selected

– How Important Is This?– Some Project Types Don’t Allow for Preferred Installers

• Consider selection outside of GC• Added Risk• Requires More Involvement 

– Will Installer Be Maintaining The System?

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• QA/QC

– Incorporate Into Contract Documents– Integrated into All ITS Components and Phases– Assign a QA/QC Champion– Perform QA/QC Audits Which Address ITS Concerns

• Not Always Addressed by Architect or GC

– Reduces Punch List Items at End of Project

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• O&M

– Large Installations Will Require Extended Training– Ensure O&M Manuals Include ALL Warranty Info

• Extended Warranty Certificates• Contact Information• Contractor’s Warranty vs. Manufacturer

– Consider Maintenance Plan for Special Systems• DAS• A/V• Security

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• Removal, Replacement and Recycling

– Is This Part of the New Construction Project?– Define Who is Responsible for Removal of Materials

– Are LEED Credits Pursued – Who Gets Scrap Material $ ?

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• Other Components Affecting ITS:

– Owner Furnished Equipment and Systems– Vendor Furnished Equipment and Systems– What About?:

• Interfaces• Integration• Middleware

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• Owner Furnished Equipment and Systems

– End User Devices– Networking Equipment– Servers– Software

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• Vendor Furnished Equipment and Systems

– Systems Furniture– Specialty Equipment – Hardware Interfaces– Middleware

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• Interfaces

– Create an Interface Plan to Address:

• Are Interface Expectations Achievable?• Where Are The Lines of Scope Delineation?• Who is Responsible If There Are Issues?• Is There a Contingency Plan?

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How Does This Affect ITS ?• Integration

– Define Integration– Assign a Stakeholder– Clearly Define Roles and Responsibilities– Avoid Finger‐Pointing – Assure Integration Doesn’t Void Warranties 

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KEY TAKE‐AWAYS

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Key Take‐Aways

Project Design and Construction Options Have a Major Impact On ITS 

Infrastructure:From Inception to Demolition

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Key Take‐Aways

Project Delivery MethodsAre Not The Same AsContract Vehicles

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Key Take‐Aways

Understanding the Project HierarchyWill Help You Reach Your Desired 

Outcome

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Conclusion

Navigating Contractual Waters Is All About Knowing How To Read the 

Compass.

• Budget and Scope• Schedule and Hazards• Desired Products, or Installers A• All Of The Above