building constraction 2

8/11/2019 Building Constraction 2

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CONCRETE FLAT ROOF

DONE BY : ABDALLAH M. KREEM 20122221096

ABDALLAH ABO AWAD 20120221032

INSTRUCTOR : ARCH.SANAA RGEBAT


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The first step of the concrete flat roofconstruction :

Before starting with the contractions these

things should be done :1-the out walls should be raised to the level ofthe roof with services such as plumping systemsand electricity in it

2-columns should be raised with steel bars

higher than the level of the roof for 600 mm atleast

3- now we are reedy to start with the first step


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The first step is applying a wooden frame and this is done with

the following steps :

a- a wooden grid supported by steel jacks

Steel jacks

Wooden grid


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b- the grid is coveredwith a layer o wood

which makes it flatand we make sure theits flat using the level

machine


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The next step is tobuild one row of stone

to hold the concretewhen its bumped


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Now our wooden frame is

ready and we can move to the

next step which is putting

blocks (rips) in rows


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bars with the following steps:

the beams that connects thecolumns with each other should be

applied and its length and widthdepends on the structural designand calculations

The relation between the steel bars in

columns and beams


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Note : the beams can also bee tiltedthats depends on the structural destoo

Tilted beam


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the reinforcement steel bars

are being connected witheach other by steel ringswhich called kanat in Arabicand then applied to the roofbetween the blocks rows in

different diameters accordingto the plans


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Note : the reinforcement steel should not touch the wood below it there must be at least 50 mm bet

putting the steel on small pieces of broken block of 50mm height


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When all the beams

and steal cages are

done we add a gridof 8mm steel bars

above the blocks


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A cantileveris a beam anchored at only one end. The beamcarries the load to the support where it is forced againstby moment and shear stress. Cantilever construction allows overhanging structures without external bracing. Cantileversalso be constructed with trusses or slabs.

This is in contrast to a simply supported beam such as thosefound in a post and lintel system. A simply supported beam isupported at both ends with loads applied between the supp

If h il i h fl h h l b


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If there were a cantilever in the concrete flat then the steel barsconnects it with the rest of the roof must be increased with a ladiameter

When we are done of the reinforcement


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When we are done of the reinforcementsteel there is some services are appliedin the steel cages and above it likeelectricity and plumping systems

Drainage system

lighting system

Wires pathes

Finally the roof is ready and we can add


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Finally the roof is ready and we can addthe concrete :

First of all the roof should be moisturized with water in order to

better movement for the row concrete


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The bump arrival :


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The beams are the first elements that we add the concrete to and then we move on to cover the who

A worker holds the end of the bump to guide th

Whil ddi th t th


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While adding the row concrete there mua Vibrate to make sure thats there is nospaces between the aggregates


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When the beams are done w continue the rest of the roof and making the concrete flat usin

flat surface


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Finally the roof is done now we have to add water to the roof for three days tell the concrete gets t

strength


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building constraction 2

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