Buddhism and Global Ethic

Buddhism and Global Ethic

Rosan Yoshida, Ph.D.Presentation

AtEthical Society, St. Louis

July 29, 2007 C.E.

Rosan Yoshida, Ph.D.Presentation

AtEthical Society, St. Louis

July 29, 2007 C.E.

Blind Men Groping For An Animal

Blind Men Groping For An Animal

King Adassa asked blind men to touch an animal and tell him their findings.

Blind men groped, guessed, insisted and fought for their findings:

Snake, Hose, Pillar, Winnow, Wall, . . .

Buddhism (Awakened Way 1)

Buddhism (Awakened Way 1)

• AWAKENING from nightmare & daydreams (delusion=selfishness due to motion/idea) in the 3 Steps (delusion-action-suffering)

• PEACE in awakening & unconditioning (cessation of action/action-result=karma) by the 3 Learning (sila, samadhi, prajna= morality, concentration, prognosis)

Buddhism (Awakened Way 2)

Buddhism (Awakened Way 2)

• Unsurpassed Awakening (anuttara-samyak-sambodhi) in the Dharma of Dependent Origination

(paticca-samuppada)

• Unconditioned Peace (nirvana, cessation of wind, or storm of emotions & volitions)

Dependent Origination 1Dependent

Origination 11. Shortest expression:

With-cause form/formation (sa-hetu dhamma/dharma=phenomena with causes/conditions

2. Simplest description):

When this is, that is. When this is not, that is not.

When this arises, that arises. When this ceases that ceases.

3. Original meaning: Dependent Origination of perception/consciousness on sense organs and sense objects (paticca-sam-uppada= coming together origination of organs/objects)

4. Application to other originations: Origination of suffering dependent on craving/attachment. Origination of samsara=flow (vicissitude of life) dependent on nescience/ignoranc

e

5. 12 limbed Dependent (putting together of above 3 and 4: This was formulated for learning/teaching of samsara-suffering (life in suffering)

6. Comprehensive nature/statement: Dependent Origination is called as the Dharma of all dharmas (Norm of all forms). It is said that this truth/law is omnipresent in spite of Buddhas birth or not..

Dependent Origination 2Dependent

Origination 21. Old oral tradition:

Nescience – formations – consciousness – name-form – six bases – contact – feeling –

craving – appropriation – becoming - birth – aging-death

2. New structural interpretation = showing suffering of samsara (impermanence):

six bases

consciousness

feeling

formations

appropriation

becoming

birth/aging-death

name-form

contact

craving

nesciencesuffering

Notes on the terms:

Name-form = sense object

= dharma

Six bases = six sense organs

Contact = contact of sense organ,

sense object and consciousness

Formation = function (karma)

Becoming = birth/aging/death

= samsara (flow) Craving, formations & suffering

are called “three steps (sando)

Nescience (existential ignorance)

appropriates body-mind as self,

involved in becoming (birth,

aging, death = samsara).

Global Problematique & Its Solutions

Global Problematique & Its Solutions

1. Global Problematique 1. Global Problematique

２． Global System Syndrome

３． Global Ethic Illnesses

４． Global Solutions

Cosmic CalendarCosmic Calendar

１０ bill.yrs. ago

１５ bill.yrs. ago

Birth of

Milky WayBig

Bang１

MayApr.Mar.Feb.Jan.

Cosmic CalendarCosmic Calendar

3.2bill.yrs. ago

４ . ７ bill.yrs. ago

OldestFossil

Birth ofthe Sun

9

Oct.Sept.Aug.JulyJune

4.5bill.yrs. ago

Birth ofthe Earth

Photo-synthesis20

3bill.yrs. ago

14

Cosmic CalendarCosmic Calendar

1

十二月Nov.

Genuine nucleus organisms１ . ５ bill. yrs. ago

Poly-cell organisms1bill. yrs. ago

Vertebrata0.5bill. yrs. ago

25

26

19

Mammals0.2bill. yrs. ago

Plant/animal division1.2bill. yrs. ago

6

Dec.

Cosmic CalendarCosmic Calendar

1

Plants landing0.4bill. yrs. ago

Polycell organisms1bill. yrs. ago

脊椎動物５億年前

31

(25) 26

19

Mammals0.2bill. yrs. ago

Plant/animal division1.2bill. yrs. ago

6

Dec.Dec.

29

20 (22)

Primates5mil. yrs. ago

Hominids2mil. yrs. ago

Mass extinction 1

(Mass ext. 3)(Mass ext.

4)Mass ext. 5

Mass extinction 2

Our growing population

Population Change from 1900-2000

World energy consumption pattern

World Energy Consumption between 1800 - 1990

World Primary Energy Consumption since 1970, projected to 2025

1900-2000 AD

Earth’s Shrinking Biosphere

Currently, the Earth is the only home we have

With each new person added to our growing population, the amount of our living space decreases

Land Area hectare per/capita

FORESTS

1900

3.18

1900

3.18

1950

1.85

1950

1.85 1960

1.45

1960

1.45 1970

1.17

1970

1.171980

0.97

1980

0.97 1990

0.82

1990

0.822000

0.64

2000

0.64

Earth’s shrinking forestland

(Ha per capita)

1900 - 2000

Increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide levels have risen by 30% in the last 200 years.

The IPCC projects that, if unchecked, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrationswill range from 650 to 970 ppm by 2100.

2000-about 365 ppm

Dramatic changes in Arctic Sea Ice

Imagine an ice-free Arctic

Ozone Hole

Darkest blue areas represent regions of maximum ozone depletion

1979

19821984 1986

1988 1990

19921994

1997

1999

2004

Extreme Events

World Map of Historical Earthquakes

Images taken between April 29 and May 5, 2005 shows dust from the Gobi Desert crossing the Pacific, well on its way to North America

Dust traveling over the Pacific

• Lake Chad, Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon

• Challawa Gorge Dam, Nigeria

• Lake Nakuru, Kenya

• Lake Victoria, Uganda

• Lesotho Highlands Water

Project, Lesotho

• Aral Sea, Kazakhstan

• Lake Balkhash, Kazakhstan

• Kara- Bogaz -Gol (KBG), Turkmenistan

WATER AND LAKES

Estimated global water loss in

irrigation

Source: FAO

Dec. 2004: Tsunami devastated the region of Banda Aceh

Indian Ocean Tsunami: Devastated Banda Aceh

Serene Banda Aceh

Bam, Iran: City destroyed by earthquake

A 6.6 magnitude earthquake struck southeastern Iran on 26 December 2003, killing over 40 000 people, injuring 16 000, leaving 70 000 homeless and destroying much of the city of Bam, the earthquake’s epicenter

Mozambique under water

2000: Due to severe flooding, half a million people were made homeless and 700 lost their lives

22 August 1999: Mozambique under normal conditions

1 March 2000: Mozambique under water

World’s worst nuclear accident

The Chernobyl nuclear accident killed more than 31 people immediately

More than 120 000 people from 213 villages and cities were relocated outside the contamination zone

Much of the farmland surrounding the plant was heavily contaminated with radioactive nuclides and was subsequently abandoned

Dramatic changes in Huang He Delta, China

Images show the mouth of the Yellow River and the emergence of a huge parrot-headed peninsula

• 1979-2000: Huang He’s yellow color is the result of huge loads of sediments

Changes in Huang He Delta, China

• From 1989 to 1995 the Yellow River delta area grew

• From 1995 to 2000 the Yellow River delta area shrank

Credit: NASA Earth Observatory

Replacement of mangroves by aquaculture in Thon Buri, Thailand

• 1973-1978: Area is caught in the battle between needs of people versus the welfare of the coastal areas

• 2002: Shows extensive aquaculture ponds (blue patches inland)

Sundarban: Largest mangrove forest of the world, India/Bangladesh

Forest degradation has been occurring in many parts of Sundarbans

Shrimp farming is a major threat to mangrove forests

3 Revolutions of Humans3 Revolutions of Humans

　 1st　 Religious Rev.　 ２ .5mil. yrs. ago

　 2nd　 Life Rev.

　２０ yrs. ago

　 1st　 Religious Rev.　 ２ .5mil. yrs. ago

　 2nd　 Life Rev.

　２０ yrs. ago

　 1st　 Urban Rev.

　 ５ mil. yrs. ago

　 2nd　 National Rev.　２００ yrs. ago

　 1st　 Urban Rev.

　 ５ mil. yrs. ago

　 2nd　 National Rev.　２００ yrs. ago

　 1st　 Agricultural Rev.　 １０ mil. yrs. ago

　 2nd　 Industrial Rev.

　 ２５ 0 yrs. ago

　 1st　 Agricultural Rev.　 １０ mil. yrs. ago

　 2nd　 Industrial Rev.

　 ２５ 0 yrs. ago

Production Rev.Production Rev. Social Rev.Social Rev. Spiritual Rev.Spiritual Rev.

5 Calamities of Civilization5 Calamities of CivilizationDelusion, Bondage, Discrimination, Exploitation, War

Culture Blisses

Calamities

Robbing of limited matter/powerRobbing of limited matter/power

Sharing of limitless mind/lifeSharing of limitless mind/life

Civilization

Competition, Conflict, WarCompetition, Conflict, War

Symbiosis, Collaboration, PeaceSymbiosis, Collaboration, Peace

5 Blisses of Culture5 Blisses of Culture

Awakening, Freedom, Equality, Love, Peace

Pyramidal Civilization Pyramidal Civilization

mindmind　life　life

power

ego

ECOECO

greed, anger, ignorance

discrimination, exploitation, killing

production, consumption, wasting

deterioration, depletion, pollution

malfunction, abnormality, extinction

matter

Pyramidal CivilizationPyramidal Civilization

matter

　命

力power

delusion

action

suffering

mind life

Three Steps

Problems of Civilization Problems of Civilization

　

　　　　 Civilization Realm men

over-

population

class-crime-war

Ideology-ism-WMD

Fanaticism-nationalism

Mass-production/consumption

/wasting/pollution/depletion/damage

/disorder/disease/deterioration/disease

Animal Field 　　 　 Life Realm 　

Loss of life/species/life function/habitat/biodiversity/

Adaptability/invasion of new species/disturbance of system

Plant Field

Loss of forests//coral reefs/lakes/marshes/rivers/streams/

vitality/resistance-disease-dislocation-deterioration-destruction-demise

Life Field

　　 global warming ・ loss of land/glacier/iceberg/water-sealevelrise-dissertification-

pollution of air/water/earth-depletion of resources/ozone layer-abnormal weather/season

System

Network 　System

Network 　

　　　

Indra-netIndra-net

Every crystal reflecting all others limitlesslyEvery crystal reflecting all others limitlessly

　　宗教間 組織

sea current

stop

sea current

stop

vitalityloss

vitalityloss

CO ２

increase

warming

climatechange

habitatchange

speciesextinction

abnormal weather

Mal-adjustment

bio-diversity loss

disasters

難民

犯罪

social problems

re-soures loss

Ecnomic problems

wars poverty　

star-vation

illness

sea level rise

species change

Indra-netIndra-net

Systemic Reflections (CO2 Case)Systemic Reflections (CO2 Case)

5 Fictitious Bodies 5 Fictitious Bodies

Mutual influenceMutual influence

5 Fictitious Bodies’ Transformation

5 Fictitious Bodies’ Transformation

NGO

Life- longeducation

Information Revolution

Mutual DevelopmentMutual Development

NPO

Inter-religious dialog

5 Fictitious Bodies’ Transformation

5 Fictitious Bodies’ Transformation

NGO

InformationNetworking

Centerless centers

Mutual InterpenetrationMutual Interpenetration

NPO

Inter-religious cooperation

Lifelong education

Global interchange

System Syndrome: 5SSystem Syndrome: 5S

　 Synergy

SpeedSize

System Syndrome

Stress

Stratification

System Stigma: 5SSystem Stigma: 5S

　 Specialization

StandardizationSimplification

System Stigma

Stupefication

Separation

3 Error Types3 Error Types

PostPost　　Pre

Mundus （ Perceptual- conceptual ）

A-mundus

Macro

Micro

Temporal

Dimensional

Spatial

PleasurePleasure

3 Steps to Suffering3 Steps to Suffering

Suffering Suffering　　 Delusion Delusion

ActionAction

Action

AwakeningAwakening

Global System/Truth Global/Ethic 　　

Global/Peace

3 Steps to Peace-pleasure3 Steps to Peace-pleasure

Paradigm Shift: 5PParadigm Shift: 5P

Practice

Participation

Priority Perspective

Paradigm Shift　

Penetration

Life Shift: 5CLife Shift: 5C

Cooperation

Compassion

CommunicationConsciousness

Life Shift

Commitment

Truth & Ethic RequirementsTruth & Ethic Requirements

System Ethic Matter Information

Dynam

ic

Preventiv

e

Fundamental

Total

1st 4 of 5 Buddhist Precepts1st 4 of 5 Buddhist Precepts

Matter Generation

No

killing

No

stealing

No lying

No sexual

misconduct

InformationLIFE

Declaration toward a Global Ethic

Declaration toward a Global Ethic

4 Irrevocable Directives

　　　 1.

non-

violence

&

respect

for

life

　

　　　 2.

solidarity

&

just

economic

order

　　　 3.

tolerance

&

a life

of

truthfulness

4.

equal rights

&

partnership

between

men and

women

Parliament of World’s Religions, Chicago, 1993

Commitment to the culture ofCommitment to the culture of

Truth & Ethic of Global System

Truth & Ethic of Global System

Global SystemMaterial flow

Information flow

　　　５　 S

１． Systemic２ . Sustainable３． Saving４． Safe５． Simple

　　　５　 L

１． Law２． Life３． Love４． Liberation５． Lieless

　　　５　 R

１． Reduce２． Reuse３． Recycle ４． Rearrange５． Restore

　　５　 A

１． Access２． Assess３． Agree４． Act５． Advise

Global Ethic

A Clear Crystal BallA Clear Crystal Ball

　　　

- realizing the whole world in “a cypress tree”-- realizing the whole world in “a cypress tree”-

一顆明珠　一顆明珠