btec nationals in aviation operations airport ramp handling

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BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

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Page 1: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations

Airport Ramp Handling

Page 2: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Airport Ramp Handling

• The anatomy of an airport

• The aircraft turnround

• ATC functions

• Communications

• Safety hazards on the ramp

• Aircraft loading – passengers and cargo

• The regulations

Page 3: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Airport Ramp HandlingThroughout this unit you will produce a:

• Portfolio• Presentation• Report

You will achieve:

• A pass

• A merit!

• A distinction!!

Page 4: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

The Anatomy of an Airport

Page 6: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

RunwayTaxiwayPerimeter Track (Peri Track)

Ramp or Apron

Page 7: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

The Aircraft Turnround

What is a “Turnround”?

Page 8: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

The Aircraft TurnroundWho / what is involved?• Marshaller• Passenger escorts • Ground Power• Steps • Loaders• Refuellers• Engineers• Caterers• Cleaners• Dispatchers• Push Back / Powerback• Deicing

Organisations• ATC• Customs• Immigration• Airport Authority• Police• Security• airline• Ground handling agents• Port health authority

Page 9: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

The Aircraft Turnround

The sequence

Page 11: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

The Marshaller

• Why have a marshaller?

• What does he/ she do?

• How does he/she do it?

• Who employs the marshallers

DEMONSTRATION!!

Page 13: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

What happens when chocks are not put in

place?

Page 14: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Steps

Page 15: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Escorting Passengers

Page 16: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Escorting Passengers

• What does a passenger escort do?

• Why do we need passenger escorts?

• Other functions of passenger escorts

• Who employs passenger escorts?

Page 17: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Power on the Ground

Ground Power Unit

Air Start Unit

Combined Ground Power And Air Conditioning Unit

Page 18: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Power on the Ground

• Why do we need electrical power?• Why do we need air conditioning?• Why do we need air start units?

• Which is better – fixed or mobile GPU and ACU?

• Who provides the power?

Page 19: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Unloading / Loading

Page 20: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Unit Load Device (ULD)

Page 21: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

LD8

Page 22: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Lower Deck Loader

Page 23: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Loading

• What is loaded?

• How is it loaded?

• Where is it loaded?

• Health & safety precautions?

• Unusual loads eg AVI, HUM, HAZ

• Who employs the loaders?

Page 24: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Refuelling (under wing)

Page 25: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Refuelling (hydrant)

Page 26: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Refuelling (over wing)

Page 27: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Re-fuelling

• What kind of fuel is used?

• Where are the fuel tanks?

• How much fuel is loaded?

• How much fuel is burned?

• Who employs the re-fuellers?

• Safety concerns?

Page 28: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Maintenance

Page 29: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Line Maintenance

Page 30: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Hangar Maintenance

Page 31: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Defects (examples)

Major Defects• Flat tyre• Engine failure• Cracked windscreen• Radio u/s• Cabin crew seat u/s• Intercom system u/s• Emerg. lighting u/s

Minor Defects• Galley oven u/s• Single toilet u/s• Passenger seat u/s• Cabin trim damaged• Overhead bin u/s

Page 32: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Maintenance

• What do aircraft engineers do?

• Are they specialised?

• How often are the aircraft serviced?

• Where are the aircraft serviced?

• How do they know if the aircraft has a technical problem? (Technical Log)

• Who employs aircraft engineers?

Page 33: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Flight Catering

Page 34: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Flight Catering

• What is in-flight catering?

• How many meals are loaded?

• How are “special meals” catered for?

• Apart from food, what else do the caterers provide?

• Any health and safety concerns?

Page 35: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Cleaning

Page 36: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Cleaning

• What gets cleaned?

• Why is cleaning on a turnround important?

• What else gets serviced?

• Who employs the aircraft cleaners?

Page 37: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Toilet Service

Page 38: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Push Back

Page 39: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Push Back

• What is a Push Back?

• Why are Push Backs required?

• Why are aircraft parked “nose-in”?

• Who performs Push Backs?

• Pushback BA 777 Sydney Airport

Page 40: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Aircraft Power Back

• What is a Power Back?

• Which aircraft perform Power Backs

• Why is it not widely used?• DC9 Power Back

Page 41: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Flight Dispatcher

Page 42: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Flight Dispatcher

• What does he/ she do?

• Co-ordination role

• Load planning

• Verification

• Ultimate responsibility

Page 43: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

The Aircraft Turnround

Page 44: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Equipment positioning

Page 45: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Typical Turnround Sequence

Source: boeing.com

Page 46: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Passenger Boarding Times

Page 47: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

B757 Turnround Times

Source: boeing.com

Page 48: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Speeding up boarding

Source; boeing.com

Page 49: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Low Cost Carriers Aircraft Choice

                                             

The 737 is preferred by the large, successful low-cost carriers. This is a snapshot of the market at the end of 2004. All-737 operators shown in blue. All-A320 operators shown in red. The others operate mixed fleets or have indicated that they will.You'll see that of all the airplanes operated by the top-20 low-cost carriers, 86% of them are Boeing 737s. And even if all the airplanes on order by these 20 carriers at the end of 2004 were delivered today, the 737 would still have about 73% of the share of

the low-cost market. And that doesn't even include the exciting order from Ryanair this week.

Boeing 737 Airbus 320Source: boeing.com

Why?

Page 50: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Team Work

Consider:

• Which agencies need to work as teams to ensure an efficient turnround?

Page 51: BTEC Nationals in Aviation Operations Airport Ramp Handling

Planning

Consider:

• Who and what needs to be involved in the planning process prior to an aircraft arrival