BTEC Level 1 & 2

First Award in MUSIC

Unit 1: The Music Industry

What is Unit 1?

The two Learning Aims of the Unit are:A: Understand different types of organisations

that make up the music industry

B: Understand job roles in the music industry

How is this tested?There will be a 60 minute written exam to

be taken in May 2016. This is a ‘proper’ exam taken in full exam conditions.

To achieve a Level 2 Pass for BTEC Music you MUST pass the exam. You cannot pass the course if you fail the exam.

What is an organisation in the Music

Industry? (Aim A)

There are five categories of organisation we will cover. We will also look into how these organisation work with each other, and why.

Venues and live performanceHealth and safety and security at venuesProduction and PromotionService Companies and AgenciesUnions

Venues

What is a music venue?-A setting that is able to play live or

pre-recorded music.

Here is a list of possible types of venues for performing music.

-Pubs -Town Centres-Clubs -Parks-Civic Centres -Sports Grounds-Restaurants -Schools-Arenas

Venues

Can anywhere be a venue?-Yes, within reason.What laws are there surrounding

venues and music?-Entertainment licence for larger

venues/groups (Live Music Act 2012).-Risk assessments.-Health and Safety Laws.-Noise pollution laws.-PRS licence for copyrighted music .

Some important government Acts

Live Music Act 2012https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-licensing-changes-

under-the-live-music-act

Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988‘You need to get permission from the copyright

holder to ‘perform’ music in public’. A music licence grants you this permission.

Health and Safety at Work Act 1974Governs the responsibilities of employers to ensure

the workplace is safe for numerous circumstances.

TASK

Write a list of the advantages and disadvantages of:-local venues-arenas.

If you run out of ideas, consider what your answers would be if you lived in a different location, e.g. a small village without easy access to public transport.

ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES of VENUES

ADVANTAGES of small venue DISADVANTAGES of small venue

ADVANTAGES of large venue DISADVANTAGES of large venue

Health and safety

TASK Three important areas:

Audience safety Employee safety Fire regulations

How do venues ensure these three areas are correctly addressed? Write a report of your findings.

HEALTH & SAFETY REPORT

A famous example of a performance incident…

Another famous example…

A recent example of a performance

incident

Another example….

Two fans died in a stampede.

The festival cancelled for two years as of a result.

And another….

Wolverhampton Civic

Another fairly recent example…

This video from the Indianapolis State Fair grandstand stage collapse Aug 13, 2011 is paired with the audio from Indianapolis State Fire emergency radio.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fe5HNtfTdGE

INDIANAPOLIS -- A stage collapsed during a powerful storm at the Indiana State Fair on Saturday, sending steel scaffolding into the terrified crowd below and killing at least five people among fans awaiting a performance by the country band Sugarland. The collapse came moments after an announcer warned of the advancing storm and gave instructions on what to do in event of an evacuation. Witnesses said a wall of dirt, dust and rain blew up quickly like a dust bowl and a burst of high wind toppled the rigging. People ran amid screams and shouts, desperate to get out of the way. Hundreds of concert-goers rushed afterward amid the chaos to tend to the injured, many with upraised arms seeking to lift heavy beams, lights and other equipment that blew down onto the crowd. Many of the injured were in the VIP section closest to the stage. Emergency crews set up a triage centre in a tunnel below the grandstand at the Indianapolis fairgrounds.About 40 people were injured, including at least one child, WTHR reported. Witnesses reported seeing many people with head and neck injuries and broken bones. Indiana State Police 1st Sgt. Dave Bursten said the number of injured could rise because some people may have taken themselves to hospitals. Bursten said the injuries ranged from cuts and scrapes to "very serious injuries" and that it was a "very likely possibility" that the death toll could also mount. One of the injured was a 7-year-old child, according to television station WTHR. Emergency crews continued to search the fairgrounds early Sunday to ensure there were no other injured concert-goers who might have wandered off after the collapse, Bursten said. Fair officials canceled all activities Sunday. The fair, which runs through Aug. 21, was expected to resume Monday with a service honoring the victims, he said. Bursten said emergency personnel and fair officials were monitoring the weather because a severe storm had been expected to hit the area around 9:15 p.m. But the storm hit shortly before 9 p.m. He said preparations were being made to evacuate the facility but that the "significant gust of wind" struck the stage rigging that holds lights and other equipment before the evacuation plan was activated. "As we all know, weather can change in a very rapid period of time," he said.Concert-goers said the opening act by Sara Bareilles had finished and the crowd was waiting for Sugarland to take the stage. They said an announcer had alerted them that severe weather was possible and gave instructions on what to do if an evacuation was necessary. But the same announcer said concert organizers hoped the show would go on, and many fans stayed put. The wind that toppled the rigging came just minutes after that announcement, fans said. "It was like it was in slow motion," concert-goer Amy Weathers told the Indianapolis Star. "You couldn't believe it was actually happening." Associated Press photographer Darron Cummings was in the audience attending the concert as a fan shortly before the collapse. He said he and his companions sought shelter in a nearby barn after seeing the weather radar. "Then we heard screams. We heard people just come running," Cummings told the AP.Witnesses told WTHR that some of the injured were in a VIP section in front of the stage known as the "Sugar Pit." The witnesses said the dirt, dust, rain and wind came up the main thoroughfare of the fairgrounds just before the collapse.Sugarland tweeted about the incident about an hour after it happened."We are all right. We are praying for our fans, and the people of Indianapolis. We hope you'll join us. They need your strength," the band said.REF:http://www.cbsnews.com/news/stage-collapse-kills-5-before-sugarland-concert/

And finally, a horrific performance tragedy

On February 20, 2003, one-hundred people lost their lives and 230 were injured in one of the deadliest nightclub fires in U.S. history. The fire was caused by pyrotechnics that were set off as the band 'Great White' began playing its opening song. The illegal indoor use of outside fireworks, led to the igniting of highly flammable soundproofing foam in the walls of the stage. Within 30 seconds of the fire starting, the entire stage was engulfed.

Please be aware that the link below to a you tube video show real footage of this incident and is very distressing to watch.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H9NXCwSFKpE

TASKComplete the table below to describe how each of these incidents may have been prevented:

EVENT PREVENTATIVE MEASURESRiot at Funs n Roses concert

Death of fan at Lamb of God gig

Ceiling collapse at The Apollo Theatre

Death of two fans in stampede at Donnington Music Festival

Slipknot’s Sid Wilson breaks fan’s leg in crowd surfing stunt

Fire at The Station nightclub during a Great White gig in the U.S.A

TASK

Create risk assessments of our performance venues within Swindon Academy:

-The School Hall-The Live Lounge

There are two stages to this task -Research Task -Site Visits

RISK ASSESSMENT-School Hall

RISK ASSESSMENT-The Live Lounge

Organisations in the Music Industry (List one)

Venues and live performance- small and medium local venues (spaces that range from pubs

to clubs and small theatres that host music regularly or as part of mixed arts performances)

- large multi-use spaces (arenas, sports venues, outdoor spaces that host touring productions linked to TV programmes, rock and pop acts, stand-up comedy, site-specific theatre, circuses, festivals)

  Production and promotion- recording companies (major and independent)- music publishing (major companies, self-publishing)- promoters (concert, club, festival)- broadcasting (TV, radio, internet)- marketing and distribution (online, high street stores, social

media)

Service companies and agencies- royalty collection agencies (PRS for Music, MCPS, PPL

licensing)- artists’ representation (management, public relations, agents,

stylists)- hire companies (hire of sound and lighting equipment,

rehearsal and studio space)- transport companies (to transport equipment and materials

for touring)  Unions- the Musicians’ Union (MU) (union for musicians, composers,

instrumental teachers)- Equity (union for actors, dancers and other performers)- Broadcast Entertainment Cinematograph Theatre Union

(BECTU) (union for those working in production and/or technical roles.)

Organisations in the Music Industry (List two)

TASK

•Create a list of different organisations from list one. The list should contain: -Organisation names -Website address

Then give a brief description of each organisation (what do they do?)

ORGANISATIONS-Venues & live performance, Production & Promotion

ORGANISATIONS-Service Companies & Agencies, Unions

Task Create a PowerPoint presentation about Organisations within THE MUSIC

INDUSTRY.  To achieve a pass for this assignment you must:-Provide a brief description of the organisation and what its function is. -How it can relate (is linked) to other areas of the Music Industry.   To achieve a merit for this assignment you must, in addition to Pass: -Provide an explanation of the organisations role. -How it relates (is linked) to other areas of the Music Industry.   To achieve a distinction for this assignment you must, in addition to Merit: -Provide examples of how the organisation works with other areas of the industry. -Draw conclusions on these relationships with supporting evidence (why are they

important? Why do they work together?)   Your information, where appropriate, can also include images as well as text. Video

and internet sites can also be used to aid the presentation provided they are short and concise. Any information used that is not yours must be referenced, all text (unless a quote) must also be in your own words. Submitting other peoples work as your own is plagiarism.

& Grading Criteria

Venue business directory (1)Group A – organisations that create, promote and distribute music:Recording companiesMusic publishing companiesPromotersBroadcasting, e.g. local and national networksMarketing and distribution

Venue business directory (2)

Group B – service companies and agencies: Royalty collection agencies Artists’ representation (managers, PR, agents,

etc.) Hire companies, e.g. lighting, sound Transport companies

Venue business directory (3)

Group C – unions: Musicians’ union – www.musiciansunion.org.uk Equity – www.equity.org.uk Broadcasting, Entertainment, Cinematograph

and Theatre Union (BECTU) – www.bectu.org.uk

Job Roles in The Music Industry

TASK

Research and collate as much useful information as you can aboutTWO job roles in The Music Industry.

Useful information can be in the form of images, statistics, jobdescriptions, working hours and environment, salary, good/bad

thingsabout the job.

Collate the information and create a pamphlet/leaflet foreach job role. Imagine these leaflets are to be distributed at a career fair.The next slide has links to website which may be helpful for this task.

Some websites to help you get started…

http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100413151441/connexions-direct.com/jobs4u/

http://www.bbc.co.uk/1xtra/events/get_aheadaz.shtml http://uk.music-jobs.com/jobtypes/job-descriptions.php http://www.careersinmusic.co.uk/Description-Of-Music-

Industry-Roles.html http://www.careersinmusic.com/music-jobs.aspx

(Shows job vacancies, may give an insight to a wide range of jobs and what they entail)

Grading Criteria

To achieve a pass for this task you must for each job role:

-Provide a brief description of each job role.

To achieve a merit for this task you must for each job role, in addition to Pass: -Explain the job role with a list of what they are responsible for.-A brief example of how the job could relate (link) to other job roles in the Music Industry.

To achieve a distinction for this task you mustfor each job role, in addition to Merit: -Explain in detail how the job role relates to other in the Music Industry, with specific examples.

JOB ROLE 1

JOB ROLE 2

How to get paid – invoices• Before

• Before you work, you will normally be contracted. • A contract is a legal relationship where one person, group or

organisation enters a formal relationship with another to complete something.

• After• Once you have completed the job, you then produce an

invoice to claim your fee. An invoice is usually a single-page document.

Payment processes (1)

Payment processes (2)

Payment processes (3)

Preparing for the exam• Don’t panic

• Prepare well – YOU MUST BE REVISING• Keep calm• Be organised

• Practise:• multiple-choice questions• short and medium written answer questions• extended writing

• Argue your case• Prove your point• Convince the examiner

Multiple Choice Questions

‘Quiz show’ style questions. The correct answer will be one of the four on the paper.

e.g.Q: What one job role is responsible for conducting an orchestra?A: PerformerB: Record ProducerC: Musical DirectorD: Sound Technician

These types of questions are worth one mark each. You should spend less than a minute answering them

Short and Medium Written Answer

Questions

These will be questions that ask for more than one response in the form of a sentence or paragraph.

e.g.Q: Provide two reasons why a composer should copyright their music.

Some questions may have source material you need to read first before answering the question (this could be information about a company, or provide you with a brief to answer the questions about).

These types of questions will usually be worth multiple marks. You should spend as many minutes per marks on the question. e.g. You should not spent more than two minutes on a two mark question.

Extended Writing Questions

Argue your case Prove your point Convince the examiner For arguments (for and against), providing a balanced argument with your reasons why

will gain higher marks.

Tips for creating an extended writing answer

1. PLAN-What points you will make? Make a spider diagram or bullet point list of

them.-How will you structure the response? Order what points should be made in

what order-How will you conclude your findings? This will form your conclusion at the

end. 2. BEGIN TO WRITE YOUR RESPONSE-Check spelling and grammar as you create your response, and tick off your

list as you go through the points. 3. RE-READ YOUR RESPONSE WHEN COMPLETE-This is to check if there are any missing points, or any new ones you have

thought of.

REMEMBER -You must always provide a conclusion -You must always provide a balanced argument -You must always provide prove your points…explain why

Q: Evaluate whether it would be better to create a composition using live musicians or a music sequencing package (such as Cubase or

Reason).

Benefits of live musicians• atmosphere.• sounds vibrant.• sounds real.• You can use their expertise and skills.

Benefits of sequencers:• sounds modern.• more control.

Disadvantages of live musicians:• complexity, relying on musicians skill.• players not attending.• bookings and availability.

Disadvantages of sequencers:• sounding electronic, un-real.• overly complex, sequenced composition being the responsibility of the composer• few others involved, may not be as original.• Technical issues with software.

BENEFITS DISADVANTAGES

TASK HELPSHEET

Q: Evaluate whether it would be better to create a composition using live musicians or a music sequencing package (such as Cubase or Reason).

Extended Writing Question in timed exam conditionsYOU HAVE 15 MINS TO COMPLETE YOUR ANSWER

TASK

Q: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the following five methods of breaking into the Music Industry:

Undertake an internshipJoin a music agencyAttend networking eventsStudy for a music degreeGet discovered by uploading you music online

Extended Writing Question in timed exam conditionsYOU HAVE 10 MINUTES TO COMPLETE YOUR ANSWER

TASK

Q: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a recording manager using volunteers in their workforce.

Extended Writing Question in timed exam conditionsYOU HAVE 8 MINS TO COMPLETE YOUR ANSWER

TASK

Examination Unit 1: The Music Industry

This is a 60 minute paper in full examination conditions (no talking, conferring, using notes).

Advice:-Answer every question, move on if you don’t know, guess if you still don’t at the end.

-Use the two blank pages at the end of the paper to draft or plan any responses.

For extended responses:-Argue your case-Prove your point-Convince the examiner

Doctor Who on Ice

Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC. The programme depicts the adventures of the Doctor, a Time Lord—a time-travelling humanoid alien.

The BBC is commissioning an Ice Skating show, featuring famous scenes and characters from the Doctor Who Universe. The show will be performed at arenas nationwide.

The BBC wants a musical soundtrack to be created and performed for the shows that uses elements of the Doctor Who theme, as well as original music that suits the Doctor Who Universe.

Questions 1-3

Q1. A composer will be needed to create the soundtrack.Give two activities the composer will need to carry out.

 Q2. A musical director will also be needed.Give two activities the musical director will need to carry out with the composer.

  Q3. Late in the production process, the BBC has decided that they want to change the theme of the show and also want to add other characters and scenes from other BBC shows into the production. They are considering adding scenes and characters from Eastenders and Dads Army.The musical director feels that one solution to the problem is to use only the original theme songs for Eastenders and Dads Army and arrange them to fit with Doctor Who, rather than create new original soundtracks.

Explain two implications of this solution for the composer.

TASK

Questions 4-5

Q4. As the production has been very successful nationwide, the BBC also now decided to release a soundtrack of the production by CD to retail and MP3 on online stores. A distributer will be required for the soundtrack.Give two activities the distribution company would carry out.

Q5. During the recording process, it has become apparent that the entire soundtrack will not fit onto one CD. To save money the BBC has decided to have the soundtrack cut and edited to fit on one CD, rather than release the soundtrack on two. Explain two implications of this solution for the Musical Director, Composer and Record Producer.

TASK