bst12315 technology for living environment

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BST12315 Technology for Living Environment

Openings

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1. Functions of openings in wall

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2. Lintel

Function : to support the wall above

an opening

Nature : a horizontal beam

spanning over the opening

opening

lintel

Loads from above

45o

Loads within this triangle are taken by

the lintel

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3. Materials for lintels

Lintel

Metal

Stone

Precastconcrete

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Summary of Topic

Openings

Openings Windows

Functions Treatment

Doors

Lintel

1. Functions2. Lintel details for wall openings

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Doors

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1. FunctionsAll doors should enable:

*

*

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1. Functional requirements of doors

Required in all situations*

Optional *

Good appearance Good weather exclusion Good thermal control Control spread of fireGood acoustic

insulationSuitable size for access Durable and strongHigh security

4Sound insulation strip

Door frame

wall

Door seal

1. 1 How to achieve the functional requirements?

Intumescent strips are fitted into the edge of the leaf to

provide fi re resistance

Self-adhesive p ile weathered strip

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2. Opening method

revolvingfolding sliding hinged

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3. Different parts of the door

Door frame

Door leaf

Architrave

Threshold DoorDoor

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3.1 Door leaf

TimberMetal TemperedGlass Composite

Flush Panel Louvered

Solid Half-solid Skeleton

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3.1 Other parts of the door

Threshold

Architrave

Adapted from Buildi ng Technol ogy, 4th Edi tion,

by I H Seel ey, p. 175

Doorframe

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3.2.1 Timber bracings and holdfasts for fixing door frame to brick wall

Timber door frame

Stainless steel holdfast

Adapted from Construc tion ‘Technolog y Vol. 1 by R. C hudl ey, 1985, p. 148

Stainless steel angle bracket

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3.2.2 Anchor bolts for fixing door frame to concrete wall

Door frame

Pre-drilled hole in door frame

Anchor bolts

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3.3 Ironmongeries

hinge

Door closer

Locks

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Summary of topic (door)Openings

Openings Windows Doors

Functions Openingmethods

Di ffe rentparts

Hinge

Folding

Sliding

Revolving

Architrave ThresholdDoor frame

fixing

To brickwall To concretewal l

Anchor bolts

Functionalrequirements

Door lea f

Brackets

Panel led

Louvered

Flush

S olid core

Hal f-solidcore

Skeleton

Holdfasts Functions and functional

requirements Opening methods Different parts of the door Types of door leaves Door frame and fixing details

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Windows

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1. FunctionsAll windows should enable:

Some windowsCan also:

*

*

* *

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Double hung sashes

Spring loaded

sash balance

Adopt ed from Ex ternal C omponents, by M. McE voy, p. 107

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5. Different parts of window

Fixed light

Transom

Mullion

Glazingbar

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Patternedglass

Clearfloatglass

Wiredglass

6. Glazing types

Laminatedglass

Toughenedglass

Insulatedglass

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TintedClearSand-blasted, acid-etched

6.1 Glazing finish

Colouredor

stained

Reflective(add metal

oxide coating)Screen-printed

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7. Materials for window frames

• Timber (not common in Hong Kong)

• uPVC (not common in Hong Kong)

• metal e.g. iron, steel, aluminum

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8. Fixing of glazing to window frame

Butyl tape

gasket

Putties

Fix glazing to window frame

Gasket,rubbertape

Sealant

Polyurethane / silicone

Putty and putty knife

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Metal fixing lugs (300mm centre‐to‐centre max.) for

window frame

Metal fixing lugs (min. thickness 1.5mm, 300mm c/c max.

Gap left between windo w frame and wall

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Sealing the gap between the wall and window frame with waterproof grouting (Practice note no. 248) and long timber trowel

Sealing the gap with waterproofing grouting

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Finished window frame

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9. Ironmongeries for windows

Push bar casement hingeCasement fastener

Butt hinge

Fixing lugs

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Summary of this topic (windows)Ope nings

Openings Windows Doors

Fra me Gla zing

ty pe fixing type finish

Ir onmonger y Design

Fixinglug

hinge

Ca se ments tay

Ca se mentfastener

Cle ar float

insula te d

wired

toughene d

lam inated

cle ar

s andblas te d

Scr een-printed

Timber

M etal

PVC

Fixing lugs

fix ing

put ties

se alant

Ga ske t / tape

Func ti ons

Side

hung

Top hung

Bottomhung

Sliding

Centr al piv othung

Horizonta lPiv ot hung

Louv e rs

Double hungs as hes

tinte d

Colored

Fu nction alr eq uiremen ts

Reflectiv e

- Functions and functional requirements- Types of window design- Types of glazing- Types of window frames- Fixing details of glazing and frame- Ironmongeries for windows

bst12315 technology for living environment

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