broadband communication (mobile broadband and...

Muhamad Asvial

10 April 2007http://www.ee.ui.ac.id/~cicer

Broadband Communication(Mobile Broadband and Satellite)

Muhamad Asvial


Broadband Wireless and MobileApplications

• Telemedicine• Teleworking• E-Government• Distance Learning• Homeland Security• E-Commerce• Applications for People with

Disabilities• Utility Application• Information Gathering• Tourism

• In Flight Office– Email, Fax, Phone, File transfer,

Video Conferencing• In Flight Entertainment

– Gamble, Phone, Live TV• Multimedia and Web Browsing for

Train Passengers• Audio/Video Streaming

What is the technology that best serves these applications?

Muhamad Asvial


Convergence Opportunities• Applications

Enterprise: Corporate VPN, e-mail with attachments, rich web browsing, graphicalstock quotes.

Entertainment: Pictures/Imaging, video/audio streaming, VoIP, broadcast video/audio,multimedia messaging, games.

Publishing: News, advertising.

DigitalMedia

VideoTransport

VoiceTransport

Storage/Handling

Content Cable TV Telephone Computer

• Merging of content providers and content transporters.

• Phone companies, cable companies, entertainmentindustry, and computer industry.

• Worldwide de-regulation.• Spectrum management.

• DevicesContent

Computing Communications

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Application Convergence

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Local ‘Sphere’

NetworkingBAN,PAN

WLANAdHoc

Flexible, adaptive

Radio AccessHigher

frequency bands,

‘>3G’ access

Satellite Mobile

>3G, McastS-DMB

Satellite Broadband

Access

Optical Network

Broadband Access

Optical Core Network

Reconfigurable Radio Networks and Systems

IP Transport Control & Routing IP - Optical Convergence & Control

Other Broadband

Access(Power Nets,..)

...

WideArea

NetworkingFWA, DxB

…….

Net

work

& S

ervice

Man

agem

ent

Dom

ain

Mobility, beyond 3G Domain

Broadband Access Domain

Rich Audio Visual Content Creation, Processing and Delivery

Seamless and Context aware Service adaptation and Delivery

Muhamad Asvial


Ubiquitous Communications Network

The future all-IP networking environments will have IP-based domains as the common infrastructure interconnecting various and very different access technologies

UbiquitousPlatform

WLAN

WiMax

Satellite DAB/DVB• 20-155Mbps/3.40 GHz band• Fixed user/Metropolitan area

FinanceCommerce

FTTHExtremely High Speed

ONU

Fiber

xDSLADSL: Up to 8Mbps, 4-5Km rangeVDSL: Up to 54Mbps, 400-500 range

Mobile• Over 2-10Mbps/ 2-20 GHz Band• Vehicular Environments/Medium Area

roaming

Beyond 3G

IPBackbone

CDMA 2000WCDMA

HPI

UAPUbiquitous Access Point

UAP

A

R

MS

Sensor NetworkUAPIEEE 802.11

Bluetooth

Access Gateway

Ethernet

ExistingCopper

DSLAM

Gateway

Sensor FusionDigital ProcessingVoice Detection………..

Muhamad Asvial


Ubiquitous Networks Features• Global Coverage: Networks are expected to be heterogeneous and all IP based with

multi-technology terminal supporting wide range applications.

• Broadband Connectivity: Provide telecommunication, data multimedia services withpeak rates of more than 100 Mbps with average of 20 Mbps.

• Quality of Service: Support multimedia services with QoS.

• Network Capability: Provide at least 10 times that of 3G systems, enabling highdefinition video streams to phones.

• Personalized Service: Service providers address the customized services.

• Cost: 4G systems must be able to provide fast speed and large volume of datatransmission services at lower cost than today, including spectrum licensing, terminal andservice costs.

The converged network technologies cover homes, cars, corporate environments, and publicareas, even including satellite links with global coverage.

Technical Challenges to be addressed.Communications anywhere, anytime, and any technology challenges.

Technical Challenges to be addressed.

Muhamad Asvial


Mobile Broadband Access

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Toward Wireless Broadband System

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Network and Wireless Access System

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Mobile Broadband Wireless Access

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MBWA 802.20 Overview

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Technology Deployment Options

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Wireless Broadband Access-WiMAX 802.16

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WiMAX Standard

Source: WiMAX Forum

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WiMAX System Structure

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MBWA vs. Mobile WiMAX

Source: Qualcom

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Satellite System Examples

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Why Satellite Communications?• Ubiquitous Coverage: A single satellite system can reach every potential user

across an entire continent, particularly in areas with low subscriber density

• Bandwidth Flexibility: Simplex, Duplex, Narrowband, Wideband, Symmetric and Asymmetric

• Deployment: Short installation times, once the network is in place, more users can be added quickly

• Connectivity: Multipoint-to-Multipoint, Broadcasting and Multicasting

• Disaster Recovery: Disaster recovery alternative to fiber networks, emergency communications

• Cost: Cost is independent of the distance

Markets: TV, Broadcast and Multicast Services, Sea, Air, and Sparsely Populated Areas

Few hundred Satellite Applications at Ka-Band filled with ITU Both GSO, NGSO, and hybrid

Muhamad Asvial


Satellite-Fiber ComparisonComparing Satellite and Fiber Characteristics

Capability Fiber Optic

Cable Systems

Geo Satellite in a Global System

Meo Satellite in a Global System

Leo Satellite in a Constellation

Transmission Speed

10 Gbps-3.2 Terabits/second*

Single Sat 1 Gbps-10 Gbps

Single Sat 0.5 Gbps- 5 Gbps

Single Sat .01 Gbps-2Gbps

Quality of Service

10-1110 -12 10-610 -11 10-610 -11 10-210 91

Transmission latency

25 to 50 ms 250 ms 100-150 ms 25-75 ms

System Availability w/o

Backup

93 to 99.5% 99.98% (C-Ku band) 99% (Ka band)

99.9% (C-Ku band) 99% (Ka band)

99.5% (L-C-Ku band) 99% (Ka band))

Broadcasting Capabilities

Low to Nil High Low Low

Multi-casting Capabilities

Low High High Medium

Trunking Capabilities

Very High High Medium Low

Mobile Services Nil Medium-to-High High High

Muhamad Asvial


Access Satellite Systems - ExampleSystem Ka/Ku Data Rate Protocols Adv. Features Comments

iDirect C/Ku/Ka Down:9.1-18.2MbpsUp:4.2-8.4Mbps

TCP/UDP/IG/MP etc

WiFi, WiMAX, Connectivity, VOIP, MPLS

•Unique security approach,•Not open standard regarding forward and return links Interoperability issue

Link StarViasat

C/Ku Shared Down: 60MbpsUp:3Mbps

Forward: DVB-SReturn: DVB-RCS

•WiFi, Connectivity in SiriComm•Internet access, Enterprise, and Distance Learning

Spain & Latin America

Surf Beam Viasat for SES Americom

Ka DOCSIS •Consumer SOHO•Small Enterprise

Viasat adopted Cable modem protocol to satellite to get the terminal cheap?

StarbandGilat

Ku/Ka Up:150-256 kbpsDown:500Kbps-1Mbps

Proprietary access Protocol

•Internet Access, Broadcast and Multicast

Operational

IP Star Ku Up:up to 2MbpsDown:8Mbps

Proprietary •Internet Telephony•Broadband Access

Operational in Pakistan

SKYPLEXEutelSat

Ka Band Version of Linkstar

Up:2Mbps or 6MbpsDown:36Mbps

•SCPS or Burst TDMA, •BOD

•High Speed Multimedia•10/100 BaseT Ethernet

Eutelsat and Comsat Division of ViaSat

Muhamad Asvial


Air To Ground Communication future scenario

ATM betweenAircraft

Ground-based

ATM/ATC

Ground Network

ATM/ATCover

Satellite

Airport Link

TV,Radio Broadcast Communication

Satellite

Vertical WiMax

WCDMA

HSxPA

EV-DOWiMax

Navigation Satellite

ATM betweenAircraft

Ground-based

ATM/ATC

Ground Network

ATM/ATCover

Satellite

Airport Link

TV,Radio Broadcast Communication

Satellite

Vertical WiMax

WCDMA

HSxPA

EV-DOWiMax

Navigation Satellite

Muhamad Asvial


FREQUENCYFREQUENCYNarrow band systems

•L-band - 1.535 - 1.56 GHz downlink, 1.635-1.66 uplink•S-band - 2.5 - 2.54 GHz downlink - 2.65-2.69 GHz uplink•C-band - 3.7 - 4.2 GHz downlink, 5.9 - 6.4 GHz uplink•X-band - 7.25 - 7.75 GHz downlink, 7.9 - 8.4 GHz uplink•A few 10s to 100s kHz of bandwidth only

Wideband/broadband systems•Ku-band - about 10.0 - 13 GHz downlink, 14 -17 GHz uplink

Exact frequencies depend on applications (fixed, DBS etc.) 36 MHz of channel bandwidth; enough for typical 50-60 Mbps applications

•Ka-band - about 18-20 GHz downlink, 27-31 GHz uplink500 MHz of channel bandwidth; enough for gigabit applications

•GHz of bandwidth•Q-band - in the 40 GHz•V-band - 60 GHz downlink - 50 GHz uplink

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Some Fundamentals: Orbits

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Satellite Broadband

Broadband Connectivity to AircraftBroadband Connectivity to Aircraft•• Forward link: 10 MbpsForward link: 10 Mbps•• Return link: 128 Return link: 128 -- 512 Kbps512 Kbps•• NearNear--global connectivityglobal connectivity•• EE--mail/Internet accessmail/Internet access•• FSS, Satellite capacityFSS, Satellite capacity

Broadband Connectivity to Homes/OfficesBroadband Connectivity to Homes/Offices•• Forward link: 2Forward link: 2--3 Mbps3 Mbps•• Return link: 128 Return link: 128 -- 512 Kbps512 Kbps•• Connectivity regardless of location/geographyConnectivity regardless of location/geography

Mobile Broadband Services “Comms on the Pause”Mobile Broadband Services “Comms on the Pause”• In-motion: Transmit and Receive on-the-go

– Multi-Mb inbound to vehicle, up to 500kbs+ out • Valuable for Network Centric Operations

– Air, Sea and Land-based vehicle applications

Muhamad Asvial


Next Generation Systems: Mostly Ka-band

Ka band usage driven by:– higher bit rates - 2Mbps to 155 Mbps– lack of existing slots in the Ku band

Features– spot beams and smaller terminals– switching capabilities on certain systems– bandwidth on demand– access and peer-to-peer communications possible

Drawbacks– higher fading– manufacturing and availability of Ka band devices– little heritage from existing systems (except ACTS and Italsat)

Muhamad Asvial


Aeronautical Ku band (1/2)Aeronautical Ku band (1/2)

Passenger Communication Services§ Company Intranet and Internet Access

- Real-time/two-way (e.g. VPN, Yahoo);§ Airline Specific Internet Information

- Duty free shopping, booking, travel destination;§ Internet based Audio, Video, Entertainment

- CNN, BBC World, Internet games, etc..

Airline Operational Services(non safety services)

§ Scheduling§ Weather Updates§ Cabin Crew Applications§ On-board Telemedicine§ Aircraft Health Monitoring§ Flight Data Services

Muhamad Asvial


Muhamad Asvial


Aeronautical Ku band (2/2)Architecture Overview

• Internet• Corporate Intranets• Airline Operations Centres

Laptop

P DA

user

IFEIFE

GSOLeased Capacity

AESHigh Gain Antennas CbB

LES / NetworkLeased Capacity

NOCOwned by CbB

Land Earth Station (LES)

TerrestrialNetwork

NetworkOperationsCenter (NOC) Segment

Space Segment

AirborneSegment

Ground Earth StationSegment

Forward & Return RF Link

Aicraft Earth Station

NOC

• Internet• Corporate Intranets• Airline Operations Centres

Laptop

P DA

Laptop

P DA

user

IFEIFEIFEIFE

GSOLeased Capacity

AESHigh Gain Antennas CbB

LES / NetworkLeased Capacity

NOCOwned by CbB

Land Earth Station (LES)

TerrestrialNetwork

NetworkOperationsCenter (NOC) Segment

Space Segment

AirborneSegment

Ground Earth StationSegment

Forward & Return RF Link

Aicraft Earth Station

NOC

Muhamad Asvial


Satellite Multimedia Broadcasting and Multicasting Services (MBMS)

2G/ 3GMobile

Network3G Basestation

Contentproviders

Hub basedon 3G equipment

ContentN etworking

High powerGeo-stationary

satellite

3G handset« Satelliteenabled »

Interactive link in IMT2000mobile terrestrial band

Broadcast/ Multicastservice centre

“Satellite enabled”

Low costimpact

7 spots overEurope

Satellite distribution linkin IMT2000 mobile

satellite band

Local storage

+

Muhamad Asvial


IP Satellite Network• ETSI standard for transmission of digital television over cable and satellite.• Modified to support packet transmission• Standards exist for transmission of data and network management• Uses a fixed length packet or cell of 188 bytes

PEP RouterRouter PEP

Network

User terminal

Gateway

Server

Router PEP

Network

User terminal

Forward link – DVB-S

Return link – DVB-RCS

PEP – Performance Enhancing Proxy

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DVB – S2DVB-S2

SYSTEM

Buffers per:•Protection level ACM•User Command•Service level

AC

M R

outer

AC

M routing

manager

BUF BUF BUF

SatelliteGateway

InternetInfo

Provider RouterInteractionChannelGW

Returnchannel

UserTerminal

Info Request

C/N+Isignaling

InfoResponseInfo

Response

InfoResponse

High bit-rateforward link

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Broadband VSAT

• Provides two-way TCP/IP Transmissions for high speed, multimedia• Star, mesh, hybrid technologies• C, Ku, Ka, extended C• Future Services

• WiFi• WiMax• VoIP

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End-to-End QoS Model

TCP Enhancements and optimization

Modulation & encoding

Allocation schemes

Signaling, DiffServ, routing & forwarding,

MPLS

Physical layer

MAC layer

Network layer (IP)

Transport layer (TCP/UDP)

Application layer

BER, timing, symbol rate

Throughput, Delay

Guaranteed rate, packet delay, packet loss, throughput, delay,

delay variation, security

Throughput, delay

Security, Throughput

QoS Parameters

Mechanisms/ Technologies

Layers

Study the impact on QoS Parameters at each layer of satellite network to meet the user level satisfaction guarantee.

Muhamad Asvial


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