british invation report

7/31/2019 British Invation Report

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At that time, Britainand France were

at war, and whatwas later called the

Seven Years War.
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Family Compact or

Pacto de Familia

alliance between king of

France and Spain and it issigned on 15 August 1761


9/57

Britain first declared waragainst Spain

Spain issued their owndeclaration of war

against Britain


10/57

Louis XV

ofFrance


11/57

George IIIthe

King ofGreat Britain


12/57

Charles

III ofSpain


13/57

The British Cabinet led by thePrime Minister, the Earl of Bute,agreed to attack Havana in the

West Indies
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and approved ColonelWilliam Draper's 'Scheme

for taking Manila withsome Troops, which are

already in the East Indies'in the East.


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January 21 1762-king of spain signed his

instructions andimplementing to do his

scheme.


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The Beginning

The British Occupationoccurred when they forced

occupied the Manila (SpanishColonial Capital of the

Philippines) and the nearbyprincipal port ,Cavite , both

on Manila Bay.


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nn

Sept. 23, 1762

- the British flotillalanded in Manila,which marked thebeginning of theBritish invasion

of thePhilippines.


18/57

The expedition, led by

and

,captured Manila, "the

greatest Spanishfortress in the western

Pacific".


19/57

Former Governor-General of the

Philippines, PedroManuel de Arandia, had

died in 1759 and hisreplacement BrigadierFrancisco de la Torre

had not arrived becauseof the British attack on

Havana in Cuba.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Manuel_de_Arandia&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Manuel_de_Arandia&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco_de_la_Torre_(general)&action=edit&redlink=1http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francisco_de_la_Torre_(general)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Manuel_de_Arandia&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Manuel_de_Arandia&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Manuel_de_Arandia&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippineshttp://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/


20/57

The Spanish

Crown appointedthe Archbishopof Manila

Manuel Rojo delRio y Vieyra as

temporary

LieutenantGovernor.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Rojo_del_Rio_y_Vieyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Rojo_del_Rio_y_Vieyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Rojo_del_Rio_y_Vieyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Rojo_del_Rio_y_Vieyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Rojo_del_Rio_y_Vieyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Rojo_del_Rio_y_Vieyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Rojo_del_Rio_y_Vieyrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Rojo_del_Rio_y_Vieyrahttp://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/http://www.51ppt.com.cn/


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Manuel Rojodel Rio y Vieyra
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22/57

By October 5, the British

cannonade had made apracticable breach in the

fortifications of Manila.

During the night of October 5 to6, the Spaniards made a sally

upon the British position with1,000 Filipinos and were drivenback with heavy loss.

S


23/57

During the siege the Spanishmilitary lost:

3 officers, 2sergeants, 50 troops

of the line

30 civilians of themilitia, besides many

woundedthe natives there were 300 killed and 400

wounded

The besiegers suffered 147 killed andwounded, of whom 16 were officers. The

fleet fired upon the city more than 5,000

bombs, and more than 20,000 bullets


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What happened during theBritish Invasion?

churches and government

offices were ransacked

government documentswere destroyed


25/57

What happened during theBritish Invasion?

valuables were taken and

historical documents such asAugustinian records

paintings in the GovernorGenerals Palace were

destroyed


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What happened during the BritishInvasion?

The British demanded a ransomof four million dollars from the

Spanish government to stop theplundering of the city,

something to which ArchbishopRojo agreed in order to avoid

further destruction.


28/57

-Dawsonne Drake

assumedgobernatorial office

as the British

governor of Manila


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When after several attempts Drake

realized that he wasn't getting asmany assets that he expected, heformed a War Council that he

named Chottry Court, with absolutepower to imprison anyone who he

wished. Many Spanish, Mestizos,Chinese and Indians were brought

into prisons for crime.


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Real Audiencia de Manila

and their native allies

prevented the Britishoccupation forces fromexpanding to other parts of theArchipelago, as it had beenoriginally planned.


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With the efforts of Simn de

Anday Salazars provisionalgovernment and some Filipinofighters loyal to Spain, they

kept the invading Britishforces from occupying other

territorial regions in the nationother than the newly occupied

Manila.


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eventually raised an

army which amounted to over10,000 combatants, most of

them voluntary natives, andalthough they lacked enough

modern weapons, they weresuccessful in keeping the Britishforces confined within Manila.


36/57

wrote to Rojo informing him that Anda had


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wrote to Rojo informing him that Anda hadassumed the position of Governor and

Capitan-General under statutes of theCouncil of the Indies which allowed for thedevolution of authority from the Governor to

the Audiencia in cases of riot or invasion byforeign forces, as such was the case. Anda,being the highest member of the Audiencia

not captive by the British, assumed allpowers and demanded the royal seal. Rojodeclined to surrender it and refused to

recognize Anda's as Governor-General.[

Th d t


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The surrender agreementbetween Archbishop Rojo and the

British military guaranteed theRoman Catholic religion and its

episcopal government, securedprivate property, and granted the

citizens of the former Spanishcolony the rights of peaceful traveland of trade 'as British subjects'.


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Anda, being the highest

member of the Audiencia notcaptive by the British, assumed

all powers and demanded theroyal seal. Rojo declined to

surrender it and refused torecognize Anda's as Governor-

General

U d B i i h l


40/57

Under British control,

the Philippines wouldcontinue to be governed

by the Real Audencia,

the expenses of whichwere to be paid by

S ain However Anda did not


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However, Anda did notrecognize any of the

agreements signed by Rojo asvalid, claiming that the

Archbishop has been made tosign them by force, and

therefore, according to thestatutes of the Council of the

Indies the were invalid H l f d t


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He also refused to

negotiate with the invadersuntil he was addressed as

the legal Governor-Generalof the Philippines, returning

to the British the letters thatwere not addressed to that

All f th i iti ti
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All of these initiatives were

later approved by the Kingof Spain, who rewarded

him and other members ofthe Audiencia, such as

Jos Basco y Vargas, whohad fought against the

invaders


44/57

The British force in Manila


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The British force in Manilaproved inadequate to win any

significant lasting control

outside the capital and weredefeated on every attempt

they made to occupy otherpositions anywhere outside

Manila


46/57

Severe disagreements

between Dawsonne Drakeand the military commanders

who replaced Draper andCornish prevented either

fruitful negotiations with Andaor effective military action.


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The one who lead the militarycommand in Manila, ended upreporting to the Secretary of

War that "the enemy [theSpanish] was in full possession

of the country."


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The Seven YearsWar was ended by

the Treaty of Paris

(1763) signed on10 February 1763.

After Archbishop Rojo died on January


50/57

After Archbishop Rojo died on January1764, the British military finally

recognized Simn de Anda y Salazaras the legitimate Governor of thePhilippines, sending him a letter

addressed to the Real AudienciaGobernadora y Capitana General,

after which Anda agreed to anarmistice on the condition that theBritish forces were withdrawn from

Manila by March.

The British ended the


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The British ended the

occupation by embarkingfrom Manila and Cavite in

the first week of April1764, and sailing out of

Manila Bay for Batavia,India, and England.


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Melanie De Torres

April Carelo

Mezzanine Leonor


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- Powerpointpreparation and

reporting


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Research

and reporting


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Reporting


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