brief introduction of lithium-ion battery_christinadu
TRANSCRIPT
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Brief Introduction of Lithium-ion Battery
Christina Du
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What is Lithium-ion Battery?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PjyJhe7Q1g
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Why Lithium-ion Battery?
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Cell / Module / Pack
Vehicle Integration
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Typical Classification-Materials
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LiCoO2
1. Cell Chemistry : LiCoO2/Graphite
2. Application: Consumer electronics
3. Cell Voltage = 3.6V
4. Ad: High capacity, long cycle life.
5. Dis-ad: -low discharge rate; -Cobalt is scare and expensive.
Typical Classification-Materials
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Typical Classification-Materials
1. Cell Chemistry : LiMn2O4/Graphite
2. Application: HEV/PHEV/EV
3. Cell Voltage = 3.8V
4. Ad: High safety, low cost.
5. Dis-ad: capacity fade at high temperature.
LiMn2O4
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Typical Classification-Materials
1. Cell Chemistry : LiFePO4/Graphite
2. Application: HEV/PHEV/EV
3. Cell Voltage = 3.2V
4. Ad: high safety, low cost.
5. Dis-ad: -relatively low energy -poor low temperature performance
LiFePO4
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Typical Classification-Materials
1. Cell Chemistry : NMC/Graphite
2. Application: HEV/PHEV/EV
3. Cell Voltage = 3.7V
4. Ad: -relatively high energy -long cycle life
5. Dis-ad: capacity fade at high temperature.
NMC1. Cell Chemistry : NCA/Graphite
2. Application: Power tools, BEV
3. Cell Voltage = 3.7V
4. Ad: high energy
5. Dis-ad: poor thermal stability.
NCA
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Typical Classification-Materials
1. Cell Chemistry : NMC/LTO; LFP/LTO
2. Application: HEV
3. Cell Voltage = 2.1V / 1.7V
4. Ad: high charge & discharge rates
5. Dis-ad: - easy to swell - low energy density
LTO
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Typical Classification-Package
Li-ion Cell Types
Liquid Li-ion cell- Liquid electrolyte
- Typically steel or aluminum (sometimes plastics)
Cylindrical
Prismatic
Polymer Li-ion cell- Gel electrolyte
- Typically aluminum pouch soft packing
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Typical Classification-Power & Energy
How to define the battery type?
PE ratio
ππβπ―ππππ―π·π·πͺ ,ππ% πΊπΆπͺ , π¨πππππππ·ππππππβπ―ππππ―π·π·πͺ ,ππ% πΊπΆπͺ , π¨πππππππ¬πππππ
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Typical Testing Methods-HPPC Hybrid Pulse Power
Characterization
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Typical Testing Methods-DST Dynamic Stress
Test
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Typical Testing Methods-CL Calendar Life
Test
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Typical Testing Methods-Cold Cranking
Cold Cranking Test
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Typical Testing Methods- C-rate Multiple C-rate
Test
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Fast Charge or Normal Charge
Lithium metal dendrites (short circuit hazard)
Fast charge could not happen frequently, otherwise it will result in battery degradation.
Normal charge
Fast charge
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Overcharge & Overdischarge
OverchargeLi deposit on anode, Li-
dendrites formed
Cell resistance raise; cell temperature raise.
Electrolyte decomposition and
gasification
Overdischarge
Capacity loss
Cycle life shorten
Cell resistance increase
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Vehicle Cooling System
Volt Liquid cooling
Nissan Leaf Natural cooling
Volvo S60L Liquid cooling
BYD Qin Natural cooling
Thermal Management System
liquidair
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Common Selection Rules
Safety Specific Energy
Cycle Life Manufacturing Process