brian patterson: reinventing building power
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Reinventing Building Power
B Patterson A Non-profit Alliance Creating Standards for use of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid Power in Buildings
EMerge Alliance. All rights reserved.
Distributed
Generation/Storage
of LVDC Power
![Page 2: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
INTERCONNECTED OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION MICROGRIDS:
THE ENERNET
• WHY? • WHAT? • HOW? • EARLY ADOPTERS
![Page 3: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
WE’RE AT A TIME OF INCREASING CHALLENGES TO OUR
POWER SYSTEMS: FROM POINTS OF GENERATION - TO POINTS OF USE - AND EVERYTHING IN BETWEEN
![Page 4: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Help Harvest Abundant New Supply of Electrons
• Maximize the Use Clean Renewable Sources
• Minimize Grid Expansion & Make It Less Intrusive
• Allow Massively Distributed Energy Resources
• Enable Digital Quality On-Off-Grid Operation
![Page 5: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
“Evolve to a massively distributed array of microgrid systems interconnected in an true mesh electric
power network”
Solution:
The ENERNET
![Page 6: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Virtues 1
2
3
4 Self Organizing
Presumption of Access Equality of Each Entity
Bottom-Up Public Structure
Strength of ‘Weak’ Transactive Cooperation
Self Healing = Resilient
Distributed Microgrids can capture the key virtues of the Internet using a similar topology
Building-Campus Microgrids will create a massively distributed mesh network of system sources, storage
and loads
1970 Today
Internet 50,000 7,500,000,000
Smart Grid 37,000 500,000
Enernet 37,000 1,700,500,000
Estimated # of Interconnected Nodes
![Page 7: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Osaka, Japan: 2015
![Page 8: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Residences: • Personal Power System • Operate on or off grid(s) • Under the owner’s total control • Conducts power transactions by choice • Basic infrastructure node in the Enernet
A Residential Microgrid Operates Independently or in Cooperation with Other Grids
![Page 9: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Includes: • Site Based Solar Energy Production • Electricity Storage • Co-located Loads – Appliances, Devices • Intergrid Connection
A Residential Solar Sourced Microgrid Operates Independently or in Cooperation with Other Grids
![Page 10: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Home Microgrids can be Ener-connected into Community Microgrids
![Page 11: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Commercial “Building Level” Microgrids are Similar Commercial: • Corporate Power System • Operate on or off grid(s) • Under the owner’s total control • Conducts power transactions by choice • Basic infrastructure node in the Enernet
![Page 12: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Includes: • Site Based Solar and Wind Energy
Harvesting/Production • Electricity Storage • Co-located Loads – Appliances, Devices • Intergrid Connection
Power Storage & Control
Office & Occupied Space
Factory or Warehouse
Data Center
Commercial “Building Level” Microgrids are Similar
![Page 13: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Commercial Building Microgrids can be Ener-connected into Commercial Campus Microgrids
![Page 14: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Community & Commercial Microgrids can be Ener-connected with Utility-Scale Microgrids
Wind Farm
Solar Farm
Sub-station
Sub-station
Commercial Campus
Microgrid
Community Microgrids
Peaking Power Plant
![Page 15: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Utility Microgrids can be Ener-connected into the ‘Smart-Grid’
Base Load Power Plant
Base Load Power Plant
Base Load Power Plant
Base Load Power Plant
Utility Microgrids
Utility Microgrids
Utility Microgrids
Utility Microgrids
![Page 16: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The ENERNET
Base Load Power Plant
Base Load Power Plant
Base Load Power Plant
Base Load Power Plant
Utility Microgrids
Utility Microgrids
Utility Microgrids
Utility Microgrids
![Page 17: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Virtues 1
2
3
4
Presumption of Access Equality of Each Entity
Bottom-Up Public Structure
Strength of ‘Weak’ Transactive Cooperation
Self Organizing Self Healing = Resilient
Combining the ideal solutions with the key virtues learned from the Internet
![Page 18: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Nanogrids, Microgrids and Macrogrids are Organized into an Increasingly
Expansive and Inclusive Tiered Framework
The ENERNET
Macrogrids National
Tier 3 Regional
Microgrids Community
Tier 2 Campus
Nanogrids
Building
Tier 1 Level, Room, Device Area
![Page 19: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Transforming Traditional Power Grids to an ENERNET Mesh Topology:
• Increases availability of clean energy from massively distributed solar and other renewable sources
• Improves, reliability and independence/security of electric energy
• Maintains the intrinsic value of the bulk power ‘Smart Grid’
• Improves ability to provide low cost electricity in underserved markets
• Provides an open, horizontal environment for energy innovation, new applications and new business models involving energy production, storage, and use
• Lowers the risk of future investments in power infrastructure
![Page 20: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
"Semi-conductors began to evolve in the 1940s and 1950s and have become the predominant means of using power, and about 80 percent of power used in commercial buildings must go through some form of power electronics so it can be converted to DC,"
quote from studies conducted by the Center of Power Electronics Systems at Virginia Tech.
Why Hybrid DC Power END OF USE DEVICES
DC Lighting Home Entertainment Office Equipment Servers / Routers Portable devices Var. Frequency Drive (AC, Refrigerators, washing machines, etc
PORTABILITY
DISTRIBUTED RESOURCES
RISE OF DIGITAL ECONOMY
Demand for “digital quality” power is growing rapidly
Requires much higher reliability and quality
New devices have different characteristics
![Page 21: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
DC Power Markets & Benefits DC power has applications in three different markets, with different primary benefits driving adoption in each:
No Phase /
Voltage
Balancing
Smaller
Footprint
per kW
Increased
Power Chain
Efficiency
Reduced
Distribution
Losses
Simple
Architecture /
Few
Conversions
Cable
Savings
Easy Integration
of Energy
Sources/Storage
Data Centers Telecom Building Microgrids
Other
Benefits:
![Page 22: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Agency Status / Standards • 400V system standards currently released or under development through international efforts
UL (several products listed today) – cover all distribution system components
ETSI EN 300 132 -3-0 – power interface standard – RELEASED
ETSI EN 301605 – earthing and bonding for 400VDC systems - RELEASED
ITU – (ITU-T l.1200) – adopted ETSI voltage levels - RELEASED
IEC / IEEE (SG22H) – working group in place – new DC UPS standard –release in 2015
ATIS- 0600315.01.2015 – voltage levels standard - RELEASED
SCTE – committee started
NEC – Current edition applies to both AC and DC : Wiring , protection , safety
Continuous upgrades on 3 year cycle
EMerge Alliance - Focus on site and system interfaces – RELEASED
YD/T 2378-2011 (China Standard) - RELEASED
Planned update for 336V (380VDC) mid to late 2015
NEMA / EPRI – work in progress
• Standards also needed for and driven by renewable resource deployments
Standardization Work Closely Harmonized to Agree on Aligned Global Standards
![Page 23: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Hurdles to Adopting DC Have Been Overcome
Challenge Current State
Global voltage selection and adoption 380 VDC selected globally
Applicable standards for 400V DC Many International standards in place. Need to develop best practices and training.
Availability of 400V DC components (plugs, breakers, power strips)
400V DC components have been commercially available for several years
Availability of 400V DC loads (servers, storage, switches, etc)
Some 400V DC loads are available. More are in development.
Operational changes in Telecom vs. - 48V
Hybrid approach using 400/48V conversion maintains -48V at the rack 400V DC loads will require operational changes, but are feasible (plugs instead of lugs). Migration path identified.
Safety concerns HRMG system design mitigates arc and shock potential
![Page 24: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
75+ Test, Beta, & Production Sites Commercial, Residential, Data Center Applications
NextHome Campion Homes Detroit. MI
![Page 25: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
New Construction Bldg – 4,400 m2
• ABB Power Distribution – In: 16KV AC – Out: 1MW @ 380Vdc – Battery Backup: 10 mins – Backup Generation
• 1,100m2 of 3,300m2 Vdc
• HP 2U, Blades & Storage Servers
• Demonstrated Benefits
– 10%+ Better Energy Efficiency, 1.18 PUE
– 15% Lower Capital Cost
– 25% Smaller Footprint
– 20% Lower Installation Costs
Rectifier
Battery Storage
Datacenter Servers
16KVac
3Ø
380Vdc
Photos courtesy of ABB* and HP*
380Vdc Data Center Zurich, Switzerland
![Page 26: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Deep Renovation of existing 600,000 SF 2
Floor Bldg. • 380 Volt dc bus
architecture
• 50,000sf of 380Vdc DC Energized Racks
• 24v DC LED Lighting
• Wireless Lighting PWM/IPv6 Controls
• Control Phase I Early 2015
• Scalable design saved 50% CapEx.
• Stage II includes on-site solar farm (site has 110 acres of open field).
• Future ENERNET Node.
AC/DC Hybrid Data Center Demo Princeton, New Jersey
![Page 27: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Live 400VDC Demo Room @ Steel Orca
Components Display
Stultz 400VDC in Row Cooling GVA 400VDC Lighting
![Page 28: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Higher Voltage DC Global Footprint As of September 2015: 1150+ Systems have been deployed globally
Deployed across Asia, North America, Europe, and Africa in a wide range of applications: • Telecom • Data Centers • Building-Campus Micro-grids • High Performance Computing
US Telecom
European Telecom
Level 3
US Data Center Integrator
Canadian Telecom
Xiamen University
![Page 29: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
China Telecom Mega Center Inner Mongolia
Phase 1.1 finished 4 buildings: 65 sets
of LVDC systems.
Single system with dual bus output
DC Deployments in China
Source: Emerson Network Power
![Page 30: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
LVDC Deployments in China
Source: Emerson Network Power
![Page 31: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Shanghai Baozhiyun IDC
80 systems of LVdc
240kW/system
AC+LVDC dual supply
LVDC Deployments in China
![Page 32: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Tencent Modular IDC
12 server racks Power of each rack: 8kW Backup time: 10 min Space area:3600mm(W)*5300mm(L)
LVDC Deployments in China
Source: Emerson Network Power
![Page 33: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Baidu Yangquan IDC
Rectifier Charger
Phase One: 7 systems of 360kW LVDC
Phase Two: 63 Systems of 210kW LVDC Rectifier Cabinet and separate Battery Charger
LVDC Deployments in China
Source: Emerson Network Power
![Page 34: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
380VDC France Telecom
FT datacenter Velizy, Emerson power system 380VDC 50kW capacity with 30 min lead-acid ,1+1 redundant
380VDC A
380VDC B
IBM and HP servers
Rect.
A
Rect.
B Batt.
A
Batt.
B
ENERGY PREMISES SERVER ROOM
LVDC Global Footprint
![Page 35: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
LVDC Global Footprint Bachmann (Germany) 380VDC Datacenter/Microgrid
Emerson 380VDC systems
380VDC servers 380VDC inverters AC servers
380VDC Data Center
![Page 36: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Battery
336VDC
336/12VDC
380VDC+12VDC Solution for China Mobile -Harbin
LVDC Global Footprint
Source: Emerson Network Power
![Page 37: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
LVDC Global Footprint
Emerson in partnership with RSC installed 2 sites: • Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU)
• Polytechnic RSC PetaStream - 1st in Russia by energy efficiency level with 2,401.4 Mflops/Watt
• #8 in local Top50 supercomputers list for Russia/CIS
• Feed from NetSure 9500 120kW Power system and using Vicor 400/12V DC/DC converters
• Joint Supercomputing Center of Russian Academy of Sciences (JSCC RAS) • RSC PetaStream - The first project on Intel® Xeon
Phi™ 7120D in Russia and CIS • Feed from NetSure 4015 30kW Power system
and using Vicor 400/12V DC/DC converters
![Page 38: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
LVDC Global Footprint
![Page 39: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
DCC+G European Microgrid Project Office Building, Fraunhofer Institute in Germany
90kW +/- 380V DC Power System w/ Solar MPPT
Specs: Dual bus (+380V, -380V)
90kW=6x15kW rectifiers
30kW=2x15kW solar MPPT
(2) ACU+ controllers
24U enclosure
Verification sites: 1.Fraunhoffer Institute – building microgrid 2.Bachmann – green data center 3.Phillips - lighting
![Page 40: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
LVDC Nanogrid - Lighting Middletown, Pennsylvania USA
DC Lighting + Energized Ceiling
Grid
• Full energized top and bottom rails of suspended ceiling
• 10,000sf of DC Lighting
• Traditional design / bid / build process
• Installation time was reduced to 50% vs. Traditional ac system
• Stage II solar ready
• Future ENERNET Node
![Page 41: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
3 Floors of Class A Office Space
• 14th Floor: T8 Fluorescent – No Controls
• 15th Floor: LED Retro Tube – No controls
• 16th Floor: LED Retro Tube – W SKY controls
• Dramatic Energy Savings 75%!
• Future ENERNET node.
LVDC Nanogrid - Lighting Detroit, Michigan
![Page 42: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Deep Renovation of 7 Story Office
Bldg. • 110,000sf of 24v DC
LED Lighting
• 70,000sf of DC Energized Ceiling
• Wireless Lighting Control
• Stage I Completed Late 2014
• Direct Coupled® Solar planned for Stage II
Solar Powered LVDC Lighting Nanogrid Dearborn, Michigan
![Page 43: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
DC FLEXZONE CEILING, LED LIGHTING & OCCUPANCY
SENSORS
DC PHOTOVOLTAICS
DIFFUSED DAYLIGHTING
DC PHOTOVOLTAICS
NATIVE PLANTS,
IRRIGATION &
GROUNDWATER
INFILTRATION
PNC Financial Services Group Inc. announced the debut of its new net-zero energy bank branch during first quarter 2013 in Fort Lauderdale, Fla. PNC branch exceeds LEED Platinum certification and is PNC’s most energy efficient building, using 50 percent less energy than a typical branch.
VEGETATIVE WALL
ENERGY RECOVERY UNIT
Whole Building DC Microgrids Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
Zero Building Designed 10, 000 SF
• Low Voltage dc LED Fixtures
• Power directly from on-site solar
• 50% less Energy than equivalent Branch Bank
• Net Zero Building
• Future ENERNET Node
![Page 44: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
DC Microgrid Click & Brick Integration Cold Spring Kentucky
Five stores have 600 kW solar capacity = 750,000 kWh/yr. Newest is 200 kW in Los Alamos, New
Mexico. Clackamas Distribution Center in Oregon has a 500 kWh capacity, about 10% of building’s power.
Total solar production in 2014 was approximately 2.4 million kWh.
![Page 45: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Building/Campus AC/DC Microgrids Detroit, Michigan
![Page 46: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Greenbuild 2015 Solar Power International 2016
Washington DC CONVENTION CENTER
![Page 48: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
A part of the HOW: Standards
![Page 49: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
E.J. CURTIS ASSOCIATES, INC.
Nicholson & Sun LLC
Connecting the Dots…
![Page 50: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Standards Organizations We Work with to Advance DC Microgrid Technology / Use
![Page 51: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Standards Activity
• Commercial Building Occupied Space
• Data Center & Central Office
• Task Level (desktop & plug loads)
• Whole Building Microgrids
• Residential & Light Commercial
• Retail/Specialty
• Bldg. Services (HVAC) / Outdoor/EV Charging
Pending
Forming
New in 2015
Draft Dec. 2015
Issued Nov. 2015
Issued
Issued
System Application Standards
![Page 53: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Globally Recognized Benefits of LVDC Distribution
• Single voltage (380VDC) global standards – fewer OEM equipment variations – potential equipment cost reduction
• Simplicity , scalability , ease of deployment
• High reliability – elimination of series conversion steps
• Power quality maintained (vs AC eco-mode)
• No need for phase balancing
• Elimination of harmonics impact
• Lower Total Cost of Ownership
• Migration path to true electric power network: Enernet
![Page 54: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Definition:
The Enernet: Flexible, clean, efficient, resilient, affordable
and sustainable energy infrastructure
“Enernet" refers to the global power system that -- (i) is logically linked together by a
globally unique intergrid connection scheme applied at the points of common
connection between grids; (ii) is able to support transactionally based flow control
protocols based on the principles of free-market trade to achieve a balance of the
supply and demand for electricity; and (iii) provides, uses or makes accessible, either
publicly or privately, high level services included with the electric power infrastructure
described herein.
![Page 55: Brian Patterson: Reinventing Building Power](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042605/58d18c781a28ab29318b58b3/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
www.EMergeAlliance.org
Thank You !