breeding cucurbits, cfsa sac 2015
TRANSCRIPT
Breeding Cucurbits for Organics in the Southeast Region
This work made possible through an Organic Research and Extension Initiative grant. number: 2012-51300-20006
7/27/15 8/7/15
Luping Qu and Jeanine Davis
Downy Mildew Tracking - Peter Ojiambo NCSU
Luping Qu and Jeanine Davis
Luping Qu and Jeanine Davis
Luping Qu and Jeanine Davis
Market Class Striped Cucumber Beetle Risk?
Straightneck Summer Squash
Crookneck Summer Squash
OK!
Striped cucumber beetles tend to leave these plants alone
Scallop/Patty Pan Squash
Acorn Squash
Delicata Squash
Jack-o’-lanternPumpkin Be Careful!
CocozelleStriped cucumber beetles inflict
moderate damage
ZucchiniNeeds Help!
Striped cucumber beetles LOVE these plants!
Striped Cucumber Beetle Preference within Cucurbita pepo
Lauren Brzozowski & Brian Leckie
Market Class Striped Cucumber Beetle Risk?
Straightneck Summer Squash
Crookneck Summer Squash
OK!
Striped cucumber beetles tend to leave these plants alone
Scallop/Patty Pan Squash
Acorn Squash
Delicata Squash
Jack-o’-lanternPumpkin Be Careful!
CocozelleStriped cucumber beetles inflict
moderate damage
ZucchiniNeeds Help!
Striped cucumber beetles LOVE these plants!
Striped Cucumber Beetle Preference within Cucurbita pepo
C. pepo ssp pepo
C. pepo ssp texana
Lauren Brzozowski & Brian Leckie
ExtremesSuccess PM Summer Squash
(C. pepo ssp. texana)Golden Zucchini
(C. pepo ssp. pepo)
ExtremesSuccess PM Summer Squash
(C. pepo ssp. texana)Golden Zucchini
(C. pepo ssp. pepo)
Lauren Brzozowski & Brian Leckie
C. moschata alternatives
What are your main insect pests now?
1. Squash bug2. Vine borer3. Mexican bean beetle4. Striped cucumber beetle5. _______________?
Waynesville Field Day, August 2015
Cultivar Cultivar CultivarDMR-NY 264 32.1 ± 7.4 Alibi 19.7 ± 5.1 Alibi 14.8 ± 1.8Alibi 21.3 ± 2.5 Martini 18.3 ± 5.0 Martini 12.6 ± 2.4Boston Pickler 8.0 ± 1.5 Homemade Pickles 12.3 ± 1.2 Early DMR 12.2 ± 0.6Marketmore 76 7.2 ± 2.5 Early DMR 12.1 ± 3.8 Homemade Pickles 11.8 ± 2.1Marketmore 97ff 6.7 ± 3.5 MM97ff x MM 80 Bw 10.8 ± 1.6 MM97ff x MM 80 Bw 6.7 ± 1.7Marketmore 80BW 6.7 ± 0.9 DMR-NY 264 9.3 ± 2.4 Boston Pickler 5.2 ± 0.8Straight 8 2.8 ± 0.8 Marketmore 76 8.6 ± 3.1 Marketmore 76 4.4 ± 1.0Diva 1.8 ± 0.9 Boston Pickler 6.9 ± 1.1 DMR-NY 264 4.4 ± 1.7
Fruit/Plant Fruit/Plant Fruit/Plant
Waynesville, NC 2015 Freeville, NY 2015Waynesville, NC 2014
Cucumbers
7/27/15 8/7/15
Luping Qu and Jeanine Davis
7/27/15 8/7/15
Luping Qu and Jeanine Davis
Cultivar Cultivar CultivarDMR-NY 264 32.1 ± 7.4 Alibi 19.7 ± 5.1 Alibi 14.8 ± 1.8Alibi 21.3 ± 2.5 Martini 18.3 ± 5.0 Martini 12.6 ± 2.4Boston Pickler 8.0 ± 1.5 Homemade Pickles 12.3 ± 1.2 Early DMR 12.2 ± 0.6Marketmore 76 7.2 ± 2.5 Early DMR 12.1 ± 3.8 Homemade Pickles 11.8 ± 2.1Marketmore 97ff 6.7 ± 3.5 MM97ff x MM 80 Bw 10.8 ± 1.6 MM97ff x MM 80 Bw 6.7 ± 1.7Marketmore 80BW 6.7 ± 0.9 DMR-NY 264 9.3 ± 2.4 Boston Pickler 5.2 ± 0.8Straight 8 2.8 ± 0.8 Marketmore 76 8.6 ± 3.1 Marketmore 76 4.4 ± 1.0Diva 1.8 ± 0.9 Boston Pickler 6.9 ± 1.1 DMR-NY 264 4.4 ± 1.7
Fruit/Plant Fruit/Plant Fruit/Plant
Waynesville, NC 2015 Freeville, NY 2015Waynesville, NC 2014
Cucumbers
Downy Mildew Resistance in NY
14-Aug 24-Aug 3-Sep 13-Sep 23-Sep 3-Oct 13-Oct0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100Disease Severity in Organic CDM Trial
15-40115-40215-40315-404DMR-NY264Marketmore 97Seminis SV4719CSDasher IIStraight Eight
Aver
age
Plan
t Dis
ease
d Le
af A
rea
3-Sep 8-Sep 13-Sep 18-Sep 23-Sep 28-Sep 3-Oct 8-Oct0
50
100
150
200
Cumulative Fruit Counts in Organic CDM Trial
15-401 15-402 15-403 15-404 DMR NY264Seminis SV4719CSMarketmore 97Dasher 2Straight 8
Cum
ulat
ive
frui
ts h
arve
sted
from
tria
l
Cultivar Cultivar CultivarMultipik 34.9 ± 3.8 Multipik 27.6 ± 9.3 Multipik 22.6 ± 1.8Gentry 34.9 ± 0.6 Gentry 22.6 ± 8.9 Gentry 16.7 ± 2.6Success PM 27.7 ± 2.8 Early Summer Crookneck 16.4 ± 4.8 Dunja 15.9 ± 1.7Zucchini Elite 19.6 ± 2.1 Teot Bat Phut 13.4 ± 8.6 Zucchini Elite 14.6 ± 0.6Dunja 13.9 ± 1.0 Zucchini Elite 13.1 ± 3.3 Early Summer Crookneck 13.6 ± 1.0Romulus 12.9 ± 1.3 Dunja 11.0 ± 1.0 Tromboncino 13.0 ± 0.6Black Beauty 12.2 ± 2.6 Golden Zucchini 8.8 ± 3.0 Golden Zucchini 11.7 ± 0.4Golden Zucchini 10.5 ± 1.9 Tromboncino 7.8 ± 1.9 Teot Bat Phut 10.8 ± 2.5
Fruit/Plant Fruit/Plant Fruit/Plant
Waynesville, NY 2014 Waynesville, NY 2015 Freeville, NY 2015
Zucchini & Summer Squash
New Entries for 2016?
Cultivar CultivarWrangler 7.6 ± 0.8 11.5 ± 2.4 Sarah's Choice 3.2 ± 0.9 11.5 ± 0.8Athena 5.8 ± 0.3 11.5 ± 1.8 Trifecta 4.5 ± 0.7 11.3 ± 0.5PMR Delicious 51 6.4 ± 1.0 10.3 ± 1.1 Lilliput 5.1 ± 0.9 11.0 ± 2.1Hannah's Choice 7.2 ± 0.4 10.0 ± 0.8 Hannah's Choice 3.5 ± 0.8 10.7 ± 1.1Superstar 5.4 ± 0.0 9.7 ± 1.7 Athena 2.3 ± 0.3 9.9 ± 1.3Diplomat 5.9 ± 0.6 8.9 ± 1.5 Wrangler 4.4 ± 0.8 9.2 ± 1.5Earlichamp 6.1 ± 0.3 8.2 ± 1.8 PMR Delicious 51 3.7 ± 1.3 7.4 ± 1.9PI124112 6.6 ± 0.2 5.1 ± 0.8 Sivan 6.0 ± 1.5 7.2 ± 1.1
Waynesville, NC 2015Waynesville, NC 2014 Fruit/Plant Brix Fruit/Plant Brix
CultivarTrifecta 1.9 ± 0.6 10.3 ± 1.7Lilliput 2.1 ± 0.5 9.9 ± 1.7Sivan 1.8 ± 0.3 8.4 ± 2.4Sarah's 0.8 ± 0.3 8.3 ± 2.4Wrangler 1.9 ± 0.4 8.3 ± 1.8PMR Del. 51 1.3 ± 0.0 8.2 ± 1.7Hannah's 1.1 ± 0.3 7.5 ± 1.1Athena 0.9 ± 0.4 7.0 ± 2.2
BrixFreeville, NY 2015
Fruit/Plant
Melons
Pollination
• Day before:– Close buds to be crossed
• Full petal color in bud• Skip if in greenhouse with good insect control
– If any perfect flowers, emasculate first• Morning of:
– Transfer pollen– Use multiple male flowers for cucumber– Cover pollinated female flower with bag or gel cap– Pollen timing depends on season and weather