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09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Melbourne , 28 April 2014
Brazilian Coal Industry
How to Develop.
Fernando Luiz Zancan
President of the Brazilian Coal Association - ABCM
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Brazil Energy Resources
31%
7%
42%
1%
19%
Energy
oil
natural gas
coal
hydro
nuclear
27 years without geologic survey
Source : BEN 2012 - toe
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
What about coal resources ?
Have we coal in
northeast of
Brazil?
Two decades
without geologic
survey
Incomplete geologic survey
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Source: Informative of Coal Industry – DNPM / 2000
UF Field Resource (106t) %
Paraná Cambuí 44 0,14
Sapopema 45 0,14
89 0,28
Santa Catarina Barro Branco 1.045 3,29
Bonito 1.601 5,04
Pré-Bonito 414 1,30 3.060 9,64
Rio Grande do Sul Candiota 12.275 38,67
Leão 2.439 7,68
Charqueadas 2.993 9,43
Iruí/Capané 2.688 8,47
Murungava 3.128 9,86
Santa Terezinha/Torres 5.068 15,97
28.591 90,08
Candiota
PR
SC
RS
Barro Branco
Bonito
Pré-Bonito
Iruí / Capané
Leão
Charqueadas
Murungava
Santa Terezinha
CambuíSapopema
Mining Areas
BRAZILIAN COAL RESOURCES
Sub-bituminous
and Bituminous
coal – high ash
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
REMPLAC
Program –
Ministry of
Marine and
Brazilian
Geologic
Service
Geological Survey for Coal
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
BRAZILIAN COAL INDUSTRY
Resources: 31,7 billion ton (90% RS)
Production - ROM (2012): 11,5 million ton
Saleable Coal – 6,44 million ton
Companies: 15 PR (1) – SC (11) – RS (3)
Number of Employees (2012): 5.134
Market Share (2012): 84,4 % Power Generation
Power Generation = 1.765 MW
All industry has ISO 14001
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
MATRIZ DE OFERTA DE ENERGIA (%)
28,0
5,5
13,8
38,7
9,4
15,5
6,96,3 3,0
1,2
13,514,8
13,0
18,5
2,99,1
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2005 2030
PETRÓLEO
GÁS NATURAL
CARVÃO MINERAL
HIDRÁULICA
LENHA&C.VEGETAL
PRODUTOS DA CANA
NUCLEAR
OUTRAS RENOVÁVEIS(4,3 H-BIO&BIODIESEL)
219 milhões tep e 44,5% renováveis 557 milhões tep e 46,6% renováveis
Brazil - Energy Offer (%)
PNE 2030
Source :MME
Coal
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Total (MW):Renewable energy:
101 mil84,0 %
143 mil83,2 %
221 mil83,1 %
83,9%80,8%
76,1%
0,1%
1,3%
2,9%
0,0%
1,1%4,1%
2,3% 2,6% 3,3%
1,6% 1,9%2,7%
9,9% 10,1%9,3%
2,3% 2,3% 1,5%
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
2005 2015 2030
Derivados do Petróleo
Gás Natural
Carvão
Nuclear
Eólica e Outros
Biomassa
Hidráulica
POWER GENERATION MATRIX
Source: MME
Coal
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Security of supply =
Termo power generation
Hydro : old =
0,51 Km2/MW
new =
0,06 Km2/MW
Less Hydro Annual Storage
Source : ONS –may/13
Planning
Storage of energy/energy demand
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
In1865 the same question…..
The first great requisite of motive power is, that it shall
be wholly at our command, to be exerted when, and
where, and in what degree we desire. The wind, for
instance, as a direct motive power, is wholly
inapplicable to a system of machine labour, for
during a calm season the whole business of the
country would be thrown out of gear.
William Stanley Jevons, The Coal Question: An Inquiry Concerning theProgress of the Nation, and the Probable Exhaustion of our Coal Mines,Macmillan, London, 1865, p. 122
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Northeast Region
Southeast
Region
North
Region1
All pay for the electron
Expansion
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
70%
8%
2%
7%
2%2%
4%1% 4%
Capacity in dez/2013
Hydro
gas
wind
biomass
nuclear
coal
oil
others
PCH CGH
Source : CCEE
Coal is only 2 %
83 % renewable
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
2014 - Lack of water =
Thermal dispach
With 1 GW of new
coal power we can
decrease the cost
of dispach in 250
million U$D
monthly
Coal power
Thermal Power generation
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
The solution:
Low cost and security
89.3%
81.0%
74.3%75.7%77.8%
25.7%24.3%22.2%19.0%
10.7%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
93% 94% 95% 96% 97% 98% 99% 100%
Confiabilidade (%)
Mix H Mix T
Obs: a % de participação reflete capacidade
instalada, não energia firme Source : PSR
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Brazil needs Power
Average increase of power: 5 to
6 GW p/y = 3 GW firm energy
Demand of power in the National
lnterconected Grid
Brazil: 2.384
Kwh/hab
Portugal : 4.929
Kwh/hab
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Planning - PDE 2021
New power: 63.800
MW : 61 % already
contracted
24.100 MW planned
is renewable
After 2022
????
No more hydro
Thermal Power
Generation
Instaled Capacity in Integrated System – SIN
in 2021
Hydro
Other renewables
Nuclear
Renewables : 85 %
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
If these Projects move on....
Project Capacity
MW
Coal
Consumption
tpy
Investment
U$D billion
USITESC/SC 300 1.412.000 0,75
ENEVA/RS 1.327 6.270.000 3,30
CTSUL/RS 650 3.070.000 1,60
Termopampa/RS 340 1.600.000 0,85
Total 2.617 12.252.000 6,50
Coal Production in 2012 : 6.000.000 t
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Zaklady Azotowe Pulawy – Polônia
dez/2012 ( MET technology)
FGD + Fertilizer (ammonium
sulfate)
Ammonium
Sulfate Market (mil ton)
Favors high sulfur, low
quality coal (Brazilian coal)
WorldBrazil
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Brazilian Emissions - 2005
Source : MCT
15%
3%
19%
61%
2%
Sectors
Energia
Proc. Industrial
Agricultura
Uso do Solo
Residuos
2.192.602 GgCO2 eq -
GWP
Electricity: 1.5% of
GHG emissions
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
23
Emissions – We will be green
MW 2015 % 2030 % 2035 %
Hydro 105.443 70,84% 148.646 67,82% 170.152 64,62%
Nuclear 2.007 1,35% 5.861 2,67% 7.412 2,81%
Gas 12.697 8,53% 12.697 5,79% 14.602 5,55%
Coal 3.205 2,15% 14.665 6,69% 18.265 6,94%
Oil 7.853 5,28% 7.853 3,58% 7.853 2,98%
Biomass 10.704 7,19% 20.937 9,55% 24.500 9,30%
Wind 6.947 4,67% 8.510 3,88% 20.524 7,79%
TOTAL 148.856 219.170 263.308
% Renewable 82,69% 81,26% 81,72%
Power generation MtCO2 41,41 8,31% 104,3 8,60%
emissions from power
generation (%) 2,03% 3,77%
Total emissions*MtCO2 2016,06 2752,67*Source: LA ROVERE, Emílio L.; DUBEUX, Carolina B.S.; PEREIRA JR, Amaro O.; Wills, William. “Brazil beyond 2020: from
deforestation to the energy challenge”. Climate Policy. 13 (2013), S01, PP. 71–87.
Centro de Gestão e Estudos Estratégicos
Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação
Roadmap Tecnológico para Produção,
Uso Limpo e Eficiente do Carvão Mineral Nacional
MCTI Brazilian Coal Technology
Roadmap
2022 – 2035
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Develop technologies for coal mining and utilization in a sustainable way CCS
Add value to coal R&D for high value products including CTL to hydrogen
Optimized all process related to the coal economic chain
Capacity Building for all the technologies
Manage the R&D + I resources Central Knowledge Management
Increase partnership: CPRM, CETEM, Petrobras, Eletrobras, private companies, universities network and international partnerships (NETL, etc)
RD&I Goals
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Social commitment of coalR&D + Capacity Building
CTCL
Criciúma /SC
8.000
students
SATC
Faculty of Engineering: Electric,
Mechanics, Chemistry, Computing
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
SATC is a philanthropic private institution that deal with education, technology and
innovation.
Social Commitment of the Coal Industry from Santa Catarina - 1% of the revenue
Associação Beneficente da
Indústria Carbonífera da SC - SATC
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Low carbon technology
center - SATC
Incubator
Auditorium
fossil fuels’s
laboratory
Auxiliary
Units
Criciúma/SC
CTCL
CCUS lab
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Coal and sustainability
Clean Coal Center - CTCL
Investment in R&D+I for a sustainability industry -Investment (2009/2015) U$ 6 million
SATC- Criciúma/SC
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Energy Efficiency –
Green Building
PROCEL :
Cooperation
SATC/ELETROBRAS
June/09
- The first five green
buildings in Brasil
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Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
4 April 2013
CTCL – Clean Coal
Technology Center
39 researchers
Fields of research: Mining
Reclamation, Geology, Coal
Convertion, Environment issues
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Technical Courses in Brazil
First Course
Overview about carbon capture process regarded
to coal combusion and gasification
Process involving Solvents, Sorbents and
Membranes;
Advantages and disadvantages of each process;
Applications and technical issues;
Economical assessment of the technologies;
Second Course
Process simulation course applied to post-
combustion CO2 Capture
Process simulation using a suitable software for
instance Aspen Plus;
Technical and Practical Training in the United States Department of Energy-
NETL
Practical Training
Sequence of the process simulation using a
software;
Practical training involving carbon capture in lab
scale (Morgantown and/or Pittsburgh);
Practical training in carbon capture in
pilot/engineering scale (Wilsonville-Alabama).
Third CoursePossible technologies applied in Brazilian coal industry
SATC/CTCL & CSLF
Program
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
CSATC/CTCL/NETL
CCUS Research
Block-Diagram of ARI’s Moving Bed TSA
CO2 Capture Process
Dry adsorbent-based carbon
capture process with internal
heat recovery
Zeolite synthesis from ash
Research includes bench
scale tests, process
modeling, CFD modeling
and economic evaluation.
Goal is conceptual design of
a carbon capture pilot unit to
apply in a slipstream of a
pulverized coal electric
power plant in Brazil.2,2 million U$D Project
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão MineralKEY POINTS
• To increase the use of the Brazilian coals it is
necessary to address the technology issues
regarding the use of low rank coals for conversion
into clean fuels.
• Geologic survey, mining technologies, coal
characterization and utilization, environmental
technologies and capacity building for all the
economic chain, should be done.
• Modernization of the fleet, new projects and a
industrial coal policy to look at the economic chain
is our goal.
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão Mineral
Policy Goals for 2014
Under discussion with the Goverment:
MDIC : Create a Coal Policy for the Economic Chain
; support a new carbochemistry industry
MCTI : Organize the R&D and keep the funding flow
MME: Define a modernization program ;
Define the competitiveness of Coal Power generation
in the auction of the new energy;
Define a geology program looking for coal, methane
09/05/08
Associação Brasileira do Carvão MineralConclusion
High energy demand in the world in near term – low offer = high prices => look for domestic energy sources;
Brazil will need all sources of energy and coal is
important;
Coal industry should be ready for a low carbon
economy and,
ABCM is compromised to contribute to an
sustainable energy security future to Brazil.