brain storming
TRANSCRIPT
RASHID HUSSAIN
(POST-RN) BSc. NURSINGSession 2009-10
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Brain-storming as the name suggests, implies
storming of the brain, i.e. to evolve or
generate a number of ideas and thought
lines as quickly as possible without paying
consideration about their validity and
appropriateness. As a strategy it was
popularized by AF Osborn (1963) through his
writing “Applied Imagination”.
INTRODUCTION (cont…)
This strategy can be used with a group to
explore a number of ideas related to a
situation or solution of a problem without
passing any judgment. It is specially useful
for the development of higher cognitive
abilities like reflective thinking , creative
imagination, problem-solving, and helpful in
the attainment of the learning objectives.
AIM:
AIM:
To enhance and share the
basic knowledge about
Brainstorming.
OBJECTIVES:
After the completion of presentation the
participant will be able to:
OBJECTIVES:
After the completion of presentation the
participants will be able to:
1. Define the Brainstorming.
2. Explain the situation and causes of
Brainstorming.
3. Describe the process of Brainstorming.
4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of
Brainstorming.
MEANING OF BRAIN-STORMING:
MEANING OF BRAIN-STORMING:
“A sudden clever plan or idea,
violent disturbance of the mind”.
DEFINITION OF BRAIN-STORMING:
DEFINITION OF BRAIN-STORMING:
“An informal activity in which people put
forward any ideas that occur to them at the
moment. After this, they re-consider the
ideas
and make decisions about their relevance and
importance”.
WHEN TO USE BRAIN-STORMING?
WHEN TO USE BRAIN-STORMING?
Developing the solution definition,
particularly in identifying alternative solutions.
Identifying all potential risks on a project.
Developing the Work Breakdown Structure
(identifying all the deliverables and work
items).
Dealing with difficult problems that arise during
the course of the project.
WHY USE BRAIN-STORMING?
WHY USE BRAIN-STORMING?
• Brainstorming can:
break through traditional thinking about a problem.
generate new ways of thinking.
provide an environment for building on new ideas.
reduce the tendency to prematurely discard new
ideas.
facilitate team building.
encourage team problem solving.
THE PROCESS OF BRAINSTORMING:
∆ Location:
∆ Room:
∆ Materials:
∆ To start with, a small group of students
(say 10 to 15).
∆ Asked them to sit in a group
∆ Provided with a focus, e.g. a particular
problem like,
“How to check truancy in our college”.
∆ Present the problem.
∆Allocate 3-5 minutes to write on the post-it
notes
∆Many ideas as possible
∆one idea per note
∆ Each person quickly writes their
thoughts onto the post-it notes
regardless of:
∆ how impractical, outrageous, extreme, crazy
they may be (do not filter the ideas)
(cont…)
∆ Each person in turn sticks their post-it
notes on the whiteboard, putting their
note near to an idea that is similar to
theirs. This should result in clusters
of post-it notes representing similar
ideas.
∆ Review the ideas by cluster. For each
type of idea
ask the group “How could we make
this work?” Discuss each variation of the
idea and refine to develop a
possible solution.
(cont…)
∆ Write up a summary of each type of
idea/solution presented.
∆ Determine an action plan for working
through the ideas.
∆ The action plan may be to test or further
research the alternatives identified to
select a shortlist of the most suitable
solutions for further evaluation.
(cont…)
ADVANTAGES OF BRAINSTORMING:
ADVANTAGES OF BRAINSTORMING:
Brainstorming has many benefits and
advantages that include :
You don't have to be a highly qualified
expert or highly paid consultant to use it.
Easy to understand - it's not a complicated
technique.
ADVANTAGES OF BRAINSTORMING:
It is inexpensive.
If controlled properly it is a quick
way of
generating ideas.
Encourages creative thinking and
thinking
"out of the box”.
(cont…)
ADVANTAGES OF BRAINSTORMING:
Generates ideas and solutions that
can be
used elsewhere.
Provides an opportunity for
widespread
participation and involvement.
(cont…)
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF BRAINSTORMING:
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF BRAINSTORMING:
In a group participants have to listen to
others and may spend time repeating their
ideas until they get sufficient attention.
Going through the protocol, processing
and ordering the ideas can become a
complex procedure. This also depends on
the number and order of the generated
ideas.
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF BRAINSTORMING:
Advising participants to let others speak
without making them feel offended or
intimidated can be difficult.
Participants with the ability to express
their ideas faster and more effective
gain the general attention of the group.
(cont…)
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF BRAINSTORMING:
On the one hand, people are not very
skilled at controlling their non-verbal
reactions and might influence the
creativity of others with their posture,
gestures or facial expressions. On the
other hand, attempting to control their
non-verbal behavior might inhibit their
own creativity.
(cont…)
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF BRAINSTORMING:
Can take too much time if the group
is not properly controlled and is
allowed to run for too long
Raising expectations of the
brainstorming group by considering
ideas that will never be implemented.
(cont…)
SUMMARY:
SUMMARY:
Brainstorming is an excellent teaching
strategy to generate ideas on a given topic.
Brainstorming helps promote thinking
skills. When pupil are asked to think of all
things related to a concept, they are really
being asked to stretch their thinking skills.
SUMMARY (cont…)
All to often, a pupil with special learning
needs will say they don't know. However,
with this technique, the pupil says what
comes to mind as it relates to the topic. It
promotes success for pupil with special
needs as there is no one right answer.
REFERENCES:
Nursing Education 2003 BT Basvanthapa, Ch-15, p-334,335. JAYPEE BROTHERS,MEDICAL PUBLISHERS(P)LTD,NEW DELHI.
http://www.yourdictionary.com
http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary
http://www.managers-net.com/brainstorming.html
http://wiki.answers.com/Q
